(完整版)高分子材料专业英语词汇
(完整版)高分子材料专业英语词汇
stirbar
搅拌子
（Multiple）adaptor
分水器（适配器）
glove
手套
balance
天平
Basic concepts
基本概念
macromolecule
大分子
polymer
聚合物
monomer
单体
structure unit
结构单元
repeating unit
重复单元
monomer unit
trans
反式
stereo isomerism
立体异构
isotactic
全同
syndiotactic
间同
atactic
无轨
mechanism
机理
chain polymerization
连锁聚合
step polymerization
逐步聚合
addition polymerization
加聚
condensation polymerization
缩聚
free radical
自由基
initiation
引发
thermal initiator
热引发剂
peroxide initiator
过氧化物引发剂
azo initiator
偶氮引发剂
decomposition
分解
redox initiator
氧化还原引发剂
photoinitiator
光引发剂
propagation
二
—ane
烷烃
mono-
单
—ene
烯烃
—ol
醇
-yne
(完整版)史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）一高分子化学coiling type polymer二高分子反应齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43 无活性端聚合，dead end polymerization死端聚合(曾用名)44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization101聚加成反应，逐步加成聚合(曾用名)polyaddition102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization108缩聚反应condensation polymerization，polycondensation109酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization,ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物，charge transfer complex, CTC155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst 174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constant①缓聚作用retardation221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization三高分子物理23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation 160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal 234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism 235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior 377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity 387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature 395开尔文模型Kelvin model396麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model四高分子加工技术和应用。
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含：一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~）一高分子化学新序码汉文名英文名注释1高分子macromolecule, polymer又称“大分子”。
2超高分子supra polymer3天然高分子natural polymer4无机高分子inorganic polymer5有机高分子organic polymer6无机-有机高分子inorganic organic polymer7金属有机聚合物organometallic polymer8元素高分子element polymer9高聚物high polymer10聚合物Polymer11低聚物Oligomer曾用名“齐聚物”。
12二聚体Dimer13三聚体Trimer14调聚物telomer15预聚物prepolymer16均聚物homopolymer17无规聚合物random polymer18无规卷曲聚合物random coiling polymer19头-头聚合物head-to-head polymer20头-尾聚合物head-to-tail polymer21尾-尾聚合物tail-to-tail polymer22反式有规聚合物transtactic polymer23顺式有规聚合物cistactic polymer24规整聚合物regular polymer25非规整聚合物irregular polymer26无规立构聚合物atactic polymer27全同立构聚合物isotactic polymer又称“等规聚合物”。
28间同立构聚合物syndiotactic polymer又称“间规聚合物”。
29杂同立构聚合物heterotactic polymer又称“异规聚合物”。
30有规立构聚合物stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全 (1)
多嵌段共聚物
segmented copolymer
54
杂聚物
heteropolymer
55
恒[组]分共聚物
azeotropic copolymer
56
多组分共聚物
multicomponent copolymer
57
单分散聚合物
monodisperse polymer, uniform polymer
20
头-尾聚合物
head-to-tail polymer
21
尾-尾聚合物
tail-to-tail polymer
22
反式有规聚合物
transtactic polymer
23
顺式有规聚合物
cistactic polymer
24
规整聚合物
regular polymer
25
非规整聚合物
irregular polymer
单股聚合物
single-strand polymer
63
双股聚合物
double-strand polymer
64
多股聚合物
multi-strand polymer
65
链型聚合物
chain polymer
66
碳链聚合物
carbon chain polymer
67
杂链聚合物
heterochain polymer
79
柔性链聚合物
flexible chain polymer
80
刚棒高分子
rigid rod polymer
81
棒状高分子
rodlike polymer
82
刚-柔嵌段共聚物
史上最全高分子材料和工程专业英语词汇大全
注释 又称“大分子”。
11
低聚物
12
二聚体
13
三聚体
14
调聚物
15
预聚物
16
均聚物
17
无规聚合物
18
无规卷曲聚合物
19
头-头聚合物
20
头-尾聚合物
21
尾-尾聚合物
22
反式有规聚合物
23
顺式有规聚合物
24
规整聚合物
25
非规整聚合物
26
无规立构聚合物
27
全同立构聚合物
Oligomer Dimer Trimer telomer prepolymer homopolymer random polymer random coiling polymer head-to-head polymer head-to-tail polymer tail-to-tail polymer transtactic polymer cistactic polymer regular polymer irregular polymer atactic polymer isotactic polymer
曾用名“齐聚物”。 又称“等规聚合物”。
28
间同立构聚合物
syndiotactic polymer
又称“间规聚合物”。
29
杂同立构聚合物
heterotactic polymer
又称“异规聚合物”。
30
有规立构聚合物
stereoregular polymer, tactic polymer 又称“有规聚合物”。
amphiphilic block copolymer
diblock copolymer
高分子专业英语词汇材料
brush polymer coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应vinylidene monomer 1,1-亚乙烯基单体，7偏［二］取代乙烯单体1,2-亚乙烯基单体，vinylene monomer81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体，二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合［反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerization低聚反应，oligomerization21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization101 聚加成反应，polyaddition逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation 140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物，charge transfer complex, CTC155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constant①缓聚作用retardation221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation 281 无规降解random degradation282 水解降解hydrolytic degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit 187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallization 229外延晶体生长，附生晶epitaxial growth体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal 233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilization260最低临界共溶(溶解)温lower critical solution temperature, LCST度261最高临界共溶(溶解)温upper critical solution temperature , UCST度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior 377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity 387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature 395开尔文模型Kelvin model05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
史上最全——高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇大全
高分子材料与工程专业词汇大全（包含:一高分子化学二高分子反应三高分子物理四高分子加工技术和应用四大部分的全部词汇~~)一高分子化学brｕｓh pｏlyｍerｃｏiｌing typｅpolｙmer二高分子反应齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应tｅlｏmeriｚaｔion２3 自发聚合spontaneｏus polymeｒizatｉｏn 24 预聚合prepolymｅrizatiｏn２5 后聚合pｏsｔpolｙmerizａｔion26 再聚合repoｌymerizatｉｏn27 铸塑聚合，浇铸聚合cast polymｅrization２8 链［式]聚合ｃhain poｌymeｒizaｔiｏn29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polｙmerizaｔiｏn3０双烯[类］聚合ｄiｅnｅｐolｙｍerizatiｏn31 加[成］聚［合］ａdditioｎpolyｍeriｚaｔion32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) ｆｒｅｅｒadicalｐolymerｉzaｔｉon，ｒadical polymｅrizaｔiｏｎ3３控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合contｒｏlled rａdiｃal polｙｍerizatｉon，ＣRP３4 活性自由基聚合liｖing radicａl ｐolymｅｒizａtion35 原子转移自由基聚合ａtom traｎsfｅr ｒaｄical polymｅｒizatiｏn,AＴＲP３6 反向原子转移自由基聚合ｒｅｖerse atom trａｎsfer ｒａｄicａlpolymeriｚａtion，ＲATRP37 可逆加成断裂链转移rｅvｅrsiｂle additiｏn fragmentatiｏｎcｈａintｒaｎｓｆｅr，RAＦT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nｉtroxide ｍediaｔeｄpolymeｒｉzatiｏｎ３9 稳定自由基聚合stable freｅrａｄicａｌpｏｌｙmeｒiｚａtiｏn，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isoｍerｉzatｉon pｏlymerization４1 自由基开环聚合ｒadicaｌrｉｎｇopeｎiｎｇpｏlymerｉｚatｉon42 氧化还原聚合redox pｏlyｍerｉzatiｏn43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dｅaｄeｎd pｏlymｅｒizａtｉoｎ44 光［致]聚合photo polymeriｚation45 光引发聚合ｌｉghtｉnitiateｄpolyｍｅrizatioｎ4６光敏聚合ｐhotoseｎｓｉtiｚeｄpolyｍerizaｔｉon ４7 四中心聚合fouｒｃeｎter polymerizatiｏn４８电荷转移聚合cｈarｇe trａnsfｅr polymｅrizaｔion４９辐射引发聚合radｉａｔｉon ｉｎitｉaｔed polymeｒizａtiｏn5０热聚合ｔhermal pｏlymerｉzatｉon5１电解聚合ｅlｅctrｏlytｉc polymerizaｔion5２等离子体聚合ｐlasmａpolyｍerizaｔion53 易位聚合ｍetａthｅｓｉs pｏｌymeｒｉzａtiｏn５4 开环易位聚合ring ｏpeniｎg metathｅsｉｓpｏlｙmerｉzatiｏn,ROＭP5５精密聚合prｅcision pｏｌｙmerｉzation５6 环化聚合cycloｐolｙmeｒｉｚation５7 拓扑化学聚合topochemical ｐｏｌｙmerization58 平衡聚合ｅｑuilibｒium polｙmerizaｔｉon59 离子［型］聚合ionic ｐolｙmｅrｉｚatiｏn60 辐射离子聚合raｄｉaｔｉｏn ion pｏlｙmeｒizaｔioｎ6１离子对聚合ｉoｎpaｉｒｐolymerizaｔioｎ62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合ｃationic poｌyｍerｉzaｔion63 碳正离子聚合cａrbenｉum ｉoｎpolymｅrization,carbocａｔｉｏnｉc pｏlyｍeｒizatｉoｎ６4 假正离子聚合ｐsｅudo ｃaｔionｉｃpｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ65 假正离子活［性]聚合pｓeｕｄｏcatｉoniｃliｖinｇｐolymｅriｚatiｏn６6 活性正离子聚合lｉviｎｇｃationic pｏｌymerｉｚatｉon 6７负离子聚合,阴离子聚合anｉoniｃpolymeｒｉzaｔion68 碳负离子聚合carbanｉonic ｐｏlymerization69 活性负离子聚合living ａniｏnic polymerｉｚation70 负离子环化聚合ａｎiｏnic cycｌopolymｅrizａtion71 负离子电化学聚合ａnionic ｅlectrocheｍical polymeriｚatｉｏｎ７2 负离子异构化聚合anｉoｎiｃisｏmerizaｔｉoｎｐoｌymeｒiｚation７3 烯丙基聚合allylic ｐｏlymeｒiｚａtion74 活[性］聚合lｉving poｌyｍeｒizａｔion75 两性离子聚合ｚｗｉttｅｒion polymeｒizatｉｏn76 齐格勒－纳塔聚合Zieｇler Ｎａｔｔa polyｍｅrｉzatｉon 7７配位聚合coorｄiｎaｔion polｙmerizａtｉｏn78 配位离子聚合coorｄiｎaｔed ioｎic ｐoｌｙmeｒiｚａtion79 配位负离子聚合coorｄinated ａnionic polｙmｅｒiｚaｔion80 配位正离子聚合coorｄinaｔeｄｃatｉoｎic polyｍerizatiｏn81 插入聚合insｅrｔｉon polyｍeｒizatiｏn82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stｅreorｅgularｐｏlymerizａｔｉoｎ, st ｅreｏspｅcific poｌｙmｅrizatiｏｎ8３有规立构聚合tactｉc pｏｌymeｒiｚatiｏn84 全同立构聚合isｏspeｃｉfｉc poｌymeriｚａｔｉoｎ８5 不对称诱导聚合asymｍetric inductｉoｎpｏlｙmｅrizａtion86 不对称选择性聚合ａsymmetric ｓeｌecｔive ｐolymerizａtｉｏn87 不对称立体选择性聚合aｓyｍｍeｔriｃsterｅｏｓelectivｅpoｌymerization８８对映［体]不对称聚合enanｔｉoasymｍeｔｒic pｏｌymerizａtｉon89 对映[体]对称聚合ｅｎaｎtiｏsｙmmｅｔric poｌymerizａtｉon90 异构化聚合ｉsomｅrizatiｏｎｐolymerizatiｏｎ91 氢转移聚合hydrogeｎtransfer polｙmeｒizatｉon９2 基团转移聚合gｒoup ｔrａnsfｅｒpolymerｉｚation,ＧＴP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization９4 模板聚合matrix pｏlｙmerｉzatioｎ,temｐｌaｔepoｌymｅrizａtion９５插层聚合inteｒcalａｔiｏn ｐolymeｒizａtioｎ９6 无催化聚合uncatalyｚed pｏlymeriｚatｉon97 开环聚合rｉｎg oｐｅｎingｐｏlymerｉzatｉon98 活性开环聚合liviｎg ring openingｐolymerization99 不死的聚合imｍortal ｐｏlymｅrizａtion100 酶聚合作用ｅnzymatic poｌymｅｒｉｚａtion 101聚加成反应,逐步加成聚合(曾用名)ｐolyａdditioｎ102 偶联聚合couplｉngｐｏlｙｍerizａtｉｏn１03 序列聚合seｑueｎtial pｏlｙmｅrｉzation１０4 闪发聚合,俗称暴聚flaｓｈpolymerizatioｎ105 氧化聚合oxidative polymeriｚaｔiｏn106 氧化偶联聚合oxidaｔive couplinｇｐolｙmｅriｚatｉｏn １0７逐步［增长］聚合step gｒｏwth polｙmerizａtｉon108缩聚反应condｅｎsation pｏlymerizatｉon，polycoｎdｅnsatｉon109 酯交换型聚合transeｓtｅrｉfｉcaｔion tｙpe pｏlymeｒizaｔioｎ,ｅsｔer excｈangｅpolyｃondｅnｓation110 自催化缩聚auｔoｃataｌytｉc ｐoｌｙcondeｎsａｔion111 均相聚合ｈomogeneoｕs ｐoｌｙmerizatｉon112 非均相聚合hｅterｏｇeneoｕs poｌymeｒｉzaｔｉｏn 113 相转化聚合phase inversiｏｎpolyｍｅｒizatｉoｎ11４本体聚合bulk ｐolymeriｚatiｏn, maｓｓpｏlymｅrｉzaｔiｏｎ1１5 固相聚合solｉd pｈaｓe pｏlymerizaｔion 11６气相聚合gaseous pｏｌｙmerizaｔion，gas phase pｏlymeｒizatｉｏn11７吸附聚合adsorｐtion polｙmｅrizａtiｏｎ118 溶液聚合sｏlｕtｉon polyｍerizａｔion119 沉淀聚合pｒecipitation poｌymｅrizatioｎ120 淤浆聚合slurry polｙｍerizatｉon1２1 悬浮聚合suｓpｅnｓion ｐolymerizatioｎ12２反相悬浮聚合reｖｅrsed pｈasｅsuｓｐension polｙmｅrization123 珠状聚合bead polymerizatｉoｎ, ｐeａrl polｙmeｒiｚaｔiｏn124 分散聚合dｉsｐersioｎｐolｙｍerｉzａtｉon125 反相分散聚合ｉnverse diｓpersｉoｎｐolymeriｚａｔｉｏｎ126 种子聚合seeｄｉｎｇpolymｅｒizaｔｉon 127 乳液聚合emｕlsｉｏn polyｍerizaｔion128 无乳化剂乳液聚合eｍｕｌsifｉer fｒee ｅｍulｓion polyｍerｉzation129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulｓion ｐolｙｍerizａｔｉon 13０微乳液聚合ｍicrｏeｍulｓiｏn ｐoｌｙmerizａtion 131 连续聚合conｔinuous ｐolymｅrizaｔｉon１32 半连续聚合ｓeｍｉcoｎtinuｏus polymerｉｚation 1３３分批聚合,间歇聚合batcｈpoｌymｅｒizatｉｏn13４原位聚合in situ pｏｌｙmerizaｔｉｏn135 均相缩聚ｈomopolycｏndensaｔioｎ136 活化缩聚activated poｌyconｄeｎsａtion１37 熔融缩聚melt phase ｐolｙｃondｅnsaｔion1３8 固相缩聚solｉd phaｓe polycondensaｔｉｏn１３９体型缩聚three dｉmｅnｓｉonal ｐolｙｃondｅnsation140 界面聚合iｎterfacial polymeｒization1４1 界面缩聚intｅrfａcial pｏlycｏndensａtｉon１4２环加成聚合cｙcloaｄｄition ｐolｙmeriｚatｉoｎ14３环烯聚合cｙclｏalｋeneｐｏlymeriｚａtioｎ144 环硅氧烷聚合cyｃｌoｓilｏxａｎe polymeriｚation 14５引发剂ｉnｉｔiatｏr146 引发剂活性acｔivity of iniｔiatoｒ147 聚合催化剂ｐｏlymｅrization catalysｔ14８自由基引发剂radiｃal iｎitiatoｒ１４9 偶氮［类]引发剂azo typｅiｎiｔiaｔoｒ15０2,2′偶氮二异丁腈２，2＇-ａzｏbｉｓiｓobutyｒoｎiｔriｌｅ, ＡIBN1５1 过氧化苯甲酰benzｏyl perｏxｉdｅ,ＢPＯ１52 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate inｉtiａtor1５3 复合引发体系complｅｘinitiatｉon syｓteｍ1５4 氧化还原引发剂redｏx ｉnｉtiaｔor155电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物charge ｔransfer coｍplex，CTＣ1５６聚合加速剂,聚合促进剂pｏlyｍeｒｉzatｉon aｃｃeleｒator 15７光敏引发剂photoiｎiｔｉaｔor158 双官能引发剂bifunctionａｌiniｔiaｔor, ｄifuｎctｉｏnaｌinitiaｔｏr159 三官能引发剂trｉfunｃｔionａl initiａtor１60 大分子引发剂maｃｒoｉnitiatｏr1６1 引发－转移剂initiatoｒｔｒansfer ａgent, iniｆer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiａtor ｔｒansfer ageｎt terminaｔｏｒ，ｉｎifeｒter163 光引发转移终止剂ｐhｏtoiｎifertｅｒ164 热引发转移终止剂thｅrｍoinifｅrter16５正离子催化剂caｔｉonｉc catａlｙst166 正离子引发剂cationic inｉｔｉatoｒ１67 负离子引发剂iｏnioic initｉatoｒ168 共引发剂coｉnitiａtoｒ169 烷基锂引发剂aｌkyｌｌｉthium iniｔiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anｉoｎraｄｉｃal ｉｎitｉａtor 171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin iniｔｉａtor172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Zｉｅgler Nａｔtａcａtalyｓt１7３过渡金属催化剂transｉtion metal ｃａtａlysｔ1７4 双组分催化剂biｃoｍponeｎt catａｌysｔ175 后过渡金属催化剂laｔe tranｓｉtion metａl cataｌyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metａl complｅx catａlyｓt177 [二]茂金属催化剂ｍeｔallocｅne catａlysｔ178 甲基铝氧烷metｈyｌalumiｎｏxａｎe, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂biｍeｔallic μ-oxo ａlkoxiｄｅｓcａtａlyｓt180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catａlｙst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metalｌoｃenｅ１８2限定几何构型茂金属催化剂cｏnｓtｒained gｅometry meｔａllocenｅcatａlysｔ183 均相茂金属催化剂hｏmogeneoｕｓmｅtａｌlocenｅcataｌｙst184 链引发ｃhain initiatiｏn185 热引发tｈｅrｍａｌinｉtiatｉｏn186 染料敏化光引发dye ｓensｉｔized pｈtoinｉtｉation 187 电荷转移引发chargｅtransfｅｒinitｉatｉon１88 诱导期induｃｔion periｏd１89 引发剂效率ｉnitiator eｆfiｃiｅncｙ19０诱导分解indｕced dｅcompｏｓitｉoｎ191 再引发ｒeiｎitiatiｏn1９2 链增长ｃｈａin ｇrowth, cｈain prｏpagatiｏｎ193 增长链端pｒopagａtingｃhaｉｎend194 活性种reactivｅｓpeciｅs1９5 活性中心aｃtｉve cｅnter19６持续自由基persistｅnｔradiｃal197 聚合最高温度cｅillｉng tempeｒａture of poｌymeｒｉzaｔiｏn１98 链终止cｈaｉn terｍinatiｏn１9９双分子终止ｂimoｌeculaｒterminatｉoｎ200 初级自由基终止primaｒy radｉcal terｍｉnation201 扩散控制终止dｉffusioｎconｔｒolled terminatｉoｎ202 歧化终止disｐrｏportioｎation termination20３偶合终止coupling terminaｔｉon２04 单分子终止unimｏｌecular tｅrmiｎaｔion20５自发终止spｏnｔaneous termiｎation２06 终止剂terminａtoｒ2０７链终止剂chaiｎｔermｉｎatｉng ａｇｅnｔ208 假终止ｐseuｄotｅrmiｎａｔion209 自发终止self tｅrｍination２１０自由基捕获剂raｄical sｃａvenger２11 旋转光闸法ｒotａting sectoｒmeｔｈoｄ2１2 自由基寿命free radiｃａｌｌｉfetｉme21３凝胶效应geｌeffect２14 自动加速效应ａｕｔｏａccelerａtiｏnｅffｅｃt 215 链转移cｈain traｎｓfer216 链转移剂cｈain tranｓfer ａｇent217 尾咬转移bａｃｋｂiｔting traｎsfeｒ218 退化链转移dｅgradａｔion (degrａdatｉｖｅ) cｈaｉnｔrａｎsfｅr2１9 加成断裂链转移[反应] aｄdｉtｉon fragmentatioｎchaiｎtｒａnsfer220 链转移常数cｈain transｆer coｎｓtant 221①缓聚作用②延迟作用reｔardation22２阻聚作用inhｉbition２23 缓聚剂retaｒdｅr２24 缓聚剂,阻滞剂rｅtardｉnｇａｇｅｎｔ225 阻聚剂inｈibｉtoｒ22６封端[反应］eｎｄcaｐpinｇ2２7 端基terｍｉｎaｌgrｏup22８聚合动力学polymｅrizatioｎkｉｎetics229 聚合热力学poｌyｍerizatiｏn theｒmoｄynａmｉｃs ２30 聚合热heat of polymerizａtiｏn231 共聚合［反应] coｐolyｍerization2３2 二元共聚合biｎaｒy coｐolyｍｅrizatｉon23３三元共聚合tｅrnarｙcopolｙmerｉzaｔion２34 竞聚率reacｔivity ratio2３5 自由基共聚合rａdｉcａｌcopｏlymerizatｉon236 离子共聚合iｏnicｃopｏlyｍerization２37 无规共聚合rａｎdom copolｙmerization238 理想共聚合ideaｌcopolymerｉzaｔｉon239 交替共聚合aｌternａtinｇcopｏlymeｒizａtiｏn 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotｒｏpic coｐｏlyｍerizatｉｏn2４１接枝共聚合grafｔcopoｌyｍｅrizaｔiｏn24２嵌段共聚合block copｏlyｍerｉzatｉon24３开环共聚合riｎg opeｎｉnｇcopolyｍeｒizａtiｏn 244 共聚合方程copolymｅｒization equaｔｉon245 共缩聚ｃｏpoｌycoｎｄenｓatｉon246 逐步共聚合step copolymerizatioｎ２47 同种增长ｈoｍｏproｐaｇａｔion２４8 自增长sｅlf prｏpａｇaｔioｎ249 交叉增长cｒoss proｐａｇａtiｏｎ２50 前末端基效应ｐeｎulｔiｍaｔｅeｆfect251 交叉终止croｓｓterminａｔｉoｎ2５２Q值Q ｖaluｅ253 ｅ值e vaｌue2５4 Q,e概念Q, e scｈｅme２55 序列长度分布sequｅnce length ｄisｔｒｉbｕｔioｎ2５6 侧基反应reactｉon oｆｐendａnt group257 扩链剂,链增长剂cｈain extｅｎder2５8 交联crｏsｓｌinｋing2５9 化学交联chemｉｃal cｒossliｎkinｇ260 自交联ｓelf cｒosｓｌinｋｉnｇ261 光交联photocroｓｓｌinking262 交联度deｇreｅof crosslｉnkinｇ２6３硫化vulcaｎizatｉon2６4 固化cｕｒｉng26５硫［黄］硫化sulfｕr ｖulｃaniｚatｉon2６6 促进硫化accｅｌeraｔed suｌfｕr vuｌcａnｉzatｉon 2６７过氧化物交联pｅroxide ｃｒｏｓslinｋing２68 无规交联randoｍcｒossｌｉnｋinｇ269 交联密度crossｌinking ｄensiｔy270 交联指数crossｌinking indｅx２71 解聚dｅpolｙmｅriｚａtion272 ①降解②退化degradation27３链断裂cｈａin breaking274 解聚酶ｄepolymerase2７5 细菌降解bacｔｅrｉal deｇradatｉoｎ三高分子物理23蠕虫状链worm-lｉｋe ｃｈain24柔性链fｌｅｘiｂｌe cｈain25链柔性ｃhaｉｎｆlexiｂｉlity26刚性链rigiｄchａｉn27棒状链rodlｉｋe chain28链刚性chaiｎriｇidity29聚集aggregaｔiｏn30聚集体ａgｇrｅgａtｅ31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结cｈaiｎentangｌement33凝聚缠结cｏｈesiｏｎal ｅntanglement34物理缠结physical entaｎgｌement35拓扑缠结topｏloｇical ｅntanglｅｍｅnt36凝聚相condeｎｓeｄphａse37凝聚态cｏndenｓeｄstａtｅ38凝聚过程coｎdensing pｒｏcesｓ39临界聚集浓度crｉtical aggregａtion conｃentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-glｏbｕle ｔrａnsitioｎ41受限链coｎｆinｅd chain42受限态confｉｎｅd sｔａte43物理交联phyｓicaｌcrosslinking44统计线团ｓtatisticaｌｃoil45等效链ｅquivalｅnｔcｈaｉn46统计链段ｓtaｔisｔiｃal seｇment47链段ｃhａｉn sｅgmｅｎｔ48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型ｒａｎdoｍcoiｌmodeｌ50无规行走模型random ｗaｌk model51自避随机行走模型self avｏｉdｉｎg walk model52卷曲构象ｃoiled conformatioｎ53高斯链Ｇａussian ｃhａin54无扰尺寸unｐeｒturbｅd dimension55扰动尺寸perturbｅｄdimｅｎｓiｏｎ56热力学等效球thermｏｄynamicaｌlｙeｑuivalｅnｔｓｐｈere57近程分子内相互作用ｓhort-ｒange intramolｅcular inｔｅrａctｉon58远程分子内相互作用loｎg-range intｒamolecular iｎteracｔｉｏn 59链间相互作用interchａｉｎinteracｔion60链间距intｅrchain spaｃinｇ61长程有序long raｎge orｄer62近程有序sｈort ｒange ordeｒ63回转半径ｒadiuｓof gyration64末端间矢量ｅnd-tｏ-enｄveｃｔor65链末端cｈaｉn enｄ66末端距ｅnd-to-end dｉｓtanｃe67无扰末端距unperｔurbｅd end－to-end dｉｓｔance68均方根末端距root-mean-squａｒe enｄ-ｔo－endｄiｓtａnｃe69伸直长度cｏntourｌｅｎgｔｈ70相关长度perｓiｓteｎcｅlｅngｔh71主链；链骨架chａin backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chaiｎbrａnｃhinｇ74短支链shｏrt-cｈａin brancｈ75长支链loｎg-chaｉn brａnch76支化系数brａncｈiｎｇｉndex77支化密度bｒanching ｄｅnsiｔｙ78支化度degree of brancｈinｇ79交联度ｄｅgreｅof croｓsliｎkinｇ80网络netｗｏｒｋ81网络密度ｎetwｏｒk dｅnsity82溶胀ｓwｅlling83平衡溶胀equilｉbｒium swellinｇ84分子组装，分子组合moleculａr asｓeｍbly85自组装self ａssemblｙ86微凝胶mｉｃrogel87凝胶点gｅl ｐｏiｎｔ88可逆[性］凝胶revｅrｓiｂlｅgel89溶胶-凝胶转化soｌ-gel tｒaｎsformatｉｏn90临界胶束浓度criticaｌmｉcｅｌｌe cｏnceｎtrａｔiｏn,CＭC91组成非均一性conｓｔitutionａl heterogeｎity, ｃomposiｔioｎａl hｅterｏgenity92摩尔质量平均ｍoｌａr mａssａｖerage 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量ｎumbeｒ-averagｅmolｅcular wｅigｈt,number-avｅrａge molaｒｍass94重均分子量wｅight-avｅｒａge moｌecular weｉｇht,ｗeｉgｈt-aveｒａge moｌar ｍass95Z均分子量Ｚ(Zａverage)－average molecular weight，Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosｉty－aｖeｒage molｅcular wｅighｔ，viscosity-avｅrage molar masｓ97表观摩尔质量aｐpａrent molａr mass98表观分子量ａppａｒent molecｕlaｒwｅight99聚合度degree oｆpoｌymｅrizatｉoｎ100动力学链长ｋinｅｔic chain lｅngth101单分散性monｏdiｓperｓｉtｙ102临界分子量cｒitｉｃaｌmolecuｌar ｗeiｇｈｔ103分子量分布moleｃuｌar weｉghｔdｉsｔｒibｕｔｉon,MWD104多分散性指数poｌｙdispｅｒsity index，PＩＤ105平均聚合度aveｒage deｇreｅoｆｐolyｍｅｒｉｚａtｉon106质量分布函数mass diｓtribuｔiｏｎfｕnction107数量分布函数numｂer distribｕtiｏn funcｔion108重量分布函数wｅight dｉsｔributiｏｎfｕnction109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Scｈｕｌz-Zimｍdｉstrｉbｕtion110最概然分布most probaｂlｅdistｒiｂｕtｉｏn曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logaｒithmｉc normal distrｉbuｔiｏｎ又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polｙmer solutioｎ113聚合物-溶剂相互作用ｐolymer-soｌvent ｉntｅractｉon114溶剂热力学性质thｅｒmｏdynamic qｕａlity of sｏlｖｅnt115均方末端距meａn squaｒe end to ｅnｄdｉstaｎce116均方旋转半径meａｎsｑuａｒe rａdius ｏf gyration117θ温度ｔheta tempeｒature118θ态ｔhetａstaｔe119θ溶剂theｔa ｓｏlvｅnt120良溶剂goｏｄsｏlvent121不良溶剂poor solｖenｔ122位力系数Ｖiｒial coeｆficieｎt 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积eｘｃlｕｄｅd volume124溶胀因子expａnｓiｏn ｆaｃｔor125溶胀度ｄegrｅe of swｅlｌiｎｇ126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Florｙ-Hｕggins thｅｏry127哈金斯公式Ｈuggiｎｓequaｔｉoｎ128哈金斯系数Ｈuggiｎs coefｆicient129χ(相互作用）参数χ－paｒamｅter130溶度参数ｓolubｉliｔy paraｍeter131摩擦系数fｒicｔionalｃoｅfficiｅnt132流体力学等效球ｈydrｏdynamicａllｙequｉvaleｎｔsｐhｅｒｅ133流体力学体积hydrodynamｉc volｕｍe134珠-棒模型bead-rod modｅl135球-簧链模型ball-sprｉng [ｃｈａin］model136流动双折射fｌow birｅｆringence, stｒeaming birefringｅｎcｅ137动态光散射dynamic liｇht scaｔｔerｉng138小角激光光散射ｌowａngle lａser lighｔscatterｉng 139沉降平衡ｓeｄimentａtiｏn eｑｕiｌibriuｍ140沉降系数seｄiｍentaｔｉｏnｃoeｆfｉcienｔ141沉降速度法sedimｅntatioｎvｅlｏcity ｍｅthod142沉降平衡法ｓedｉｍenｔatｉon equilｉbriuｍｍeｔhoｄ143相对黏度reｌaｔivｅviscｏsｉｔy144相对黏度增量reｌaｔiｖｅｖiｓcositｙincｒement 145黏度比vｉscosiｔy ratio146黏数ｖisｃosity nuｍｂeｒ147[乌氏］稀释黏度计[Uｂbeｌoｈde] diｌｕtｉｏn viｓcomｅｔer148毛细管黏度计ｃapillary visｃometer149落球黏度计ｂaｌl ｖｉscometer150落球黏度ball viｓｃosiｔy151本体黏度bｕlk viｓcｏsｉｔy152比浓黏度rｅducｅd viscｏsitｙ153比浓对数黏度inｈerenｔｖiscoｓity,logａｒithmic visｃｏsity numｂeｒ154特性黏数iｎtrｉnsic ｖiscｏsiｔy，liｍiting ｖisｃosｉｔy nuｍbｅr155黏度函数viｓcｏsｉtｙfunｃtion156零切变速率黏度zero ｓｈear ｖiscｏｓｉty157端基分析ａnalysis of end ｇroup158蒸气压渗透法ｖａporｐｒｅssuｒｅoｓｍomｅｔrｙ,ＶPO159辐射的相干弹性散射ｃoherｅnt elastiｃｓcatｔeriｎg of raｄiatｉｏｎ160折光指数增量refrａｃtive ｉnｄex incremeｎt161瑞利比Rａylｅigh rａtio162超瑞利比ｅxcess Rａylｅigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering funｃtiｏn164粒子散射因子pａrｔｉclｅｓｃａtteｒiｎg fａｃtｏr 165齐姆图Zimm ｐlot166散射的非对称性ｄissymｍetrｙof scatterinｇ167解偏振作用ｄepｏｌarｉzａtion168分级fractｉｏｎation169沉淀分级pｒeｃipitation fｒactionａｔioｎ170萃取分级extrａction frａｃtｉonation171色谱分级cｈｒomatｏｇｒaphic fraｃｔionatｉon 172柱分级coluｍnｆrａctｉoｎａtion173洗脱分级,淋洗分级ｅlutｉon ｆrａcｔionａtion174热分级ｔhermal fｒactionaｔion175凝胶色谱法gel chroｍatoｇraphy176摩尔质量排除极限ｍoｌar masｓexclusioｎlimｉt177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solｖeｎt grａｄieｎt [elutioｎ] chromaｔｏｇrａphy178分子量排除极限molecular ｗeigｈt exclusioｎｌｉmｉｔ179洗脱体积elutｉon vｏluｍe180普适标定univeｒsal calibratiｏn181加宽函数spreadｉng function182链轴ｃhaiｎaxiｓ183等同周期iｄentiｔy ｐｅｒioｄ184链重复距离ｃhaiｎｒeｐeating diｓｔanｃe185晶体折叠周期cｒｙstaｌｌiｎｅfold period186构象重复单元ｃonfｏrmational reｐeatｉng unit187几何等效gｅomｅtｒicaｌｅquivaｌeｎce188螺旋链helｉx ｃhaｉn189构型无序conｆｉｇuraｔionａlｄisorder190链取向无序chain orｉentationａl disorder191构象无序confoｒmationａｌdiｓｏrｄer192锯齿链ziｇｚaｇchaｉｎ193双[股]螺旋double strａndｅd helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chａin ｏrｉｅntａｔion195结晶聚合物crｙstalｌine ｐolyｍer196半结晶聚合物semｉ-crｙｓtallｉnｅｐoｌymer197高分子晶体pｏｌymｅr crystaｌ198高分子微晶pｏlymeｒｃrystallite199结晶度ｄeｇreｅof crystallinity, crｙstａlｌinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象ｍaｃrｏmoｌｅcuｌar ｉsomorpｈｉｓm 201聚合物形态学morphologｙｏf polyｍeｒ202片晶laｍｅlla, ｌａmｅlｌaｒcryｓtａl 203轴晶axialiｔe204树枝[状]晶体dendｒite205纤维晶fibrouｓcｒystal206串晶结构shｉsh-kebab ｓtrｕｃｔｕre207球晶ｓpheruliｔe208折叠链folded chain209链折叠ｃhａｉｎfｏlｄinｇ210折叠表面foｌd sｕrface211折叠面ｆold planｅ212折叠微区fold domaｉｎ213相邻再入模型adjaｃent re－entｒy modｅl214接线板模型sｗｉtchbｏａｒd mｏｄel215缨状微束模型frinｇeｄ－ｍiｃelle mｏｄel216折叠链晶体ｆoｌded-chａin crystal217平行链晶体parａlｌeｌ-chaｉn crystal218伸展链晶体ｅxｔended－cｈaｉn cryｓtal219球状链晶体ｇlｏbuｌar-chaｉn ｃｒysｔal220长周期ｌong peｒioｄ221近程结构shoｒt-raｎge stｒuｃture222远程结构ｌonｇ-ｒange structure223成核作用nucｌｅａtioｎ224分子成核作用molｅcｕlaｒnuｃｌeaｔion225阿夫拉米方程Ａｖｒａｍｉｅquation226主结晶primａry cryｓｔalliｚatｉon227后期结晶secondaryｃrystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶ｅpitａxialｃrｙｓtallizａtiｏｎ229外延晶体生长,附生晶体epiｔａxial gｒｏwth生长230织构ｔｅxtｕｒe231液晶态ｌiｑuid crｙsｔal ｓtate232溶致性液晶ｌyoｔｏpic liquiｄcｒystal233热致性液晶ｔherｍotropic liｑuｉｄcryｓtal234热致性介晶thｅrmotｒopic mesomorｐhism235近晶相液晶ｓmectｉｃliquid cryｓtal236近晶中介相sｍectic mｅsophaｓｅ237近晶相smｅcｔｉcｐhase238条带织构baｎded textｕｒｅ239环带球晶ｒｉｎged spherulitｅ240向列相neｍａｔｉc pｈaｓe241盘状相discotic pｈase242解取向ｄｉsoriｅnｔａｔiｏn243分聚ｓegｒegation244非晶相aｍorpｈoｕs phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amoｒphｏuｓregioｎ246非晶态amorｐｈous ｓｔatｅ247非晶取向amorphｏuｓoriｅntaｔｉon248链段运动sｅgmental motｉｏｎ249亚稳态ｍetasｔaｂle state250相分离phase ｓeparation251亚稳相分离spｉｎodal decompoｓition252bimoｄal dｅcompoｓiｔioｎ253微相miｃropｈaｓｅ254界面相boundarｙｐhase255相容性compaｔiｂｉlｉty256混容性misｃibility257不相容性inｃompａtｉbｉliｔｙ258不混容性immiｓcibｉlity259增容作用cｏmpaｔiibｉlizａｔiｏn260最低临界共溶（溶解)温度ｌower critｉcal soluｔion tｅｍpeｒatｕr ｅ, ＬCSTﻩ261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度uｐper critiｃａｌsolutｉｏn tempeｒature , UＣＳT262浓度猝灭coｎcentraｔioｎqｕenching263激基缔合物荧光exｃimer ｆluoreｓｃeｎce264激基复合物荧光eｘcｉplex fluorescｅnce265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜ｌａser confocaｌｆluｏrｅscence ｍicｒoscｏpy266单轴取向uniaxial ｏｒientation267双轴取向biaxｉaｌｏｒiｅntatioｎ,bioriｅntation 268取向度ｄegree of oriｅntaｔｉon269橡胶态ｒuｂｂer sｔatｅ270玻璃态ｇlassyｓtａtｅ271高弹态eｌastomerｉｃsｔaｔｅ272黏流态viscous fｌow state273伸长ｅlongatｉon274高弹形变ｈighｅlaｓtic dｅfｏｒmation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio，exｔenｓiｏn ratｉｏ277泊松比Poiｓson's raｔiｏ278杨氏模量Yｏung's modｕlus279本体模量bulｋmoduｌus280剪切模量shearｍｏdulus281法向应力normal ｓtreｓs282剪切应力shｅar strｅss283剪切应变ｓheａｒstｒain284屈服yｉelｄinｇ285颈缩现象necｋiｎｇ又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力ｙieｌd stress287屈服应变yieｌd stｒａin288脆性断裂briｔtle fraｃtuｒe289脆性开裂ｂrittle crackｉｎｇ290脆-韧转变ｂrittlｅｄｕｃtｉleｔrａnsｉｔｉon291脆化温度brｉttleｎeｓｓ(brｉttle) temperaｔure292延性破裂duｃｔile fｒａcturｅ293冲击强度ｉmpact strengtｈ294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度, brｅakinｇstrength”295极限拉伸强度uｌtimate ｔensile sｔrength296抗撕强度tｅariｎg strenｇth 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flｅxｕrａl ｓtrｅｎgtｈ，benｄiｎg strｅnｇtｈ298弯曲模量ｂending modｕlｕs299弯曲应变benｄｉng sｔrａｉn300弯曲应力benｄiｎg ｓtress301收缩开裂shrinkａge cｒａck302剪切强度sheａｒstrength303剥离强度peeｌing ｓtrengｔh304疲劳强度fａtigue ｓtｒｅnｇtｈ, fａtigue resiｓtａnce305挠曲deｆｌectiｏｎ306压缩强度compreｓｓive ｓtｒenｇth307压缩永久变形compressionｓｅt308压缩变形cｏmｐｒeｓsive deformation309压痕硬度ｉnｄenｔation haｒdnｅss310洛氏硬度Rockweｌｌｈａrdnｅｓs311布氏硬度Ｂrｉnell hardness312抗刮性scｒaｔh rｅsistanｃe313断裂力学ｆracture mechanics314力学破坏mechaｎicaｌfailuｒe315应力强度因子ｓtｒｅss intenｓity faｃtor316断裂伸长elongａtion at bｒｅaｋ317屈服强度yield strｅｎgth318断裂韧性fractuｒe tougｈneｓs319弹性形变ｅlａstｉcｄeｆorｍatioｎ320弹性滞后elasｔic hｙsｔｅreｓiｓ321弹性ｅlａstｉｃiｔy322弹性模量ｍｏdulus oｆeｌasticity323弹性回复elastｉc recovery324不可回复形变irｒecoｖerable dｅfoｒｍatiｏn325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹crａze327形变;变形defｏrmａtion328永久变形dｅformatiｏn seｔ329剩余变形ｒesidual defoｒmatｉoｎ330剩余伸长ｒeｓiｄuａl ｓtreｔcｈ331回弹，回弹性rｅｓilience332延迟形变rｅtarｄed ｄefｏrmation333延迟弹性rｅtaｒdeｄｅlaｓticity334可逆形变reversibｌe defｏrｍation335应力开裂stress crackｉｎｇ336应力-应变曲线streｓｓｓtｒａｉｎcurve337拉伸应变ｓｔretｃhing ｓtrａｉｎ338拉伸应力弛豫tensilｅstrｅｓs ｒｅlaｘaｔiｏn 339热历史ｔhermaｌhistoｒy340热收缩thermoshrinkiｎｇ341扭辫分析torsioｎal braiｄanalyｓｉs,TBA 342应力致白stｒｅsｓwhｉtｅｎing343应变能sｔrain energy344应变张量strａiｎｔensor345剩余应力ｒesｉduaｌstress346应变硬化sｔraiｎhardeniｎg347应变软化strain ｓoftｅｎing348电流变液eleｃtrｏｒheologiｃal fluid349假塑性pseｕｄｏplａsｔic350拉胀性auxiticitｙ351牛顿流体Neｗtoniaｎｆｌuid352非牛顿流体non-Nｅwtonian flｕid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fｌuid354冷流cold fｌｏw355牛顿剪切黏度Newｔoｎｉan ｓhearｖiscoｓity 356剪切黏度sheaｒviscｏsｉty357表观剪切黏度apｐareｎt sheaｒviscosity358剪切变稀ｓｈear thiｎning359触变性thｉxｏtropy360塑性形变plasｔic defｏrmatioｎ361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫ｖolｕme relａxation363拉伸黏度exteｎｓiｏｎaｌｖiscosity364黏弹性viscoｅlａstｉciｔy365线性黏弹性ｌinear vｉscoelastｉcitｙ366非线性黏弹性non-ｌｉnearｖiscoｅlasticｉｔy367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaｘａtioｎ又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation ｍoｄｕｌus370蠕变柔量creep cｏmpliａnce371热畸变温度hｅａt diｓtorｔion temｐeｒaｔurｅ372弛豫谱relａｘation sｐecｔrum373推迟［时间]谱ｒetａｒdatiｏｎ[ｔｉｍe］spectrｕm374弛豫时间rｅlａxａtion timｅ375推迟时间retardａtion tｉｍe376动态力学行为ｄｙnamiｃmeｃhaｎiｃaｌbehaviｏr377动态黏弹性dｙnamic viｓcoelastiｃity378热-机械曲线thｅrｍo-mecｈａｎical cuｒve379动态转变dynａmｉc ｔraｎｓiｔion380储能模量ｓtoragｅmodulus381损耗模量lｏｓｓmodｕｌｕｓ382复数模量complex moｄuluｓ383复数柔量cｏmｐｌｅx ｃoｍpliａｎce384动态黏度dynamic viscosｉｔy385复数黏度complex viscｏsity386复数介电常数compｌex ｄieleｃtric ｐｅrｍｉttivity387介电损耗因子dｉelectric disｓｉpａtｉon fａcｔｏr388介电损耗常数dｉｅleｃtric loｓｓｃonstａntﻬ四高分子加工技术和应用。
高分子 专业英语 词汇
properti 40性能研究particle 44粒子oxidatio 46氧化microstr 48组织mechanic 50机械inorgani 58无机crystall 64晶化amorphou 68非晶态montmori 70蒙脱土toughnes 74韧性reinforc 76颗粒增强depositi 86沉积piezoele 102压电composit 104纤维增强conducti 108导电amorphou 112非晶合金dispersi 116分散microstr 118显微组织absorbin 122吸波134控溅射sputteri136磁控溅射sputteri138磁控magnetro144及性能properti150断裂韧性toughnes152摩擦磨损friction154摩擦学tribolog156聚丙烯polyprop160前驱precurso162显微结构microstr164扫描电子sem174透射电子tem182催化catalyti186前驱体precurso190热力学thermody孔径porecompress 198压缩martensi 200马氏体复合材料composit 202preparat 204制备工艺substrat 206衬底material 210材料中增强复合composit 212spherica 214球形polyuret 216聚氨酯dislocat 218位错properti 222电学立方cubic230抗氧化性oxidatio236优异excellen238铁电ferroele244挤压extrusio250摩擦学性tribolog254复合材料composit256流变rheologi258化学气相沉积depositionshieldin 260屏蔽function 262功能梯度stiffnes 266刚度properti 272材料性能unidirec 274单向annealin 278退火温度非晶态合amorphou 286羟基磷灰hydroxya 288镀层coating296制备技术preparat302抗菌antibact306层板laminate312磁化强度magnetiz314本构关系constitu316综合性能properti318形核nucleati320材料制备preparat ion322层间interlam324多晶polycrys326纳米复合composit330x射线衍xrd332矫顽力coercivi334界面结合interfac336衍射分析diffract340进行表征characte344聚苯乙烯polystyr350多层multilay erdispersa 354分散剂复合材料interfac 356抗氧化性oxidatio 358delamina 360分层elongati 368伸长率sinterin 370烧结工艺nanomete 372纳米级permeabi 374磁导率thermoel 376热电材料382水解hydrolys388分散性dispersi390弛豫relaxati394凝固过程solidifi396光致发光photolum inescenc398导热系数conducti404原子力显afm408显微硬度microhar410纳米技术nanotech414热性能properti416成核nucleati420纳米晶amorphou422复合镀层composit424抗氧化oxidatio426环氧复合epoxy428聚乙烯polyethy432结构材料material436粘弹性viscoela440六方hexagona lhoneycom 442蜂窝particle 454团聚wettabil 466润湿性precipit 470沉淀法impregna 474浸渍复合粉体powders478磁电阻magnetor esistanc480光电子能xps484衬底上substrat486智能材料material488复相composit492退火处理annealin494氧化行为oxidatio498润滑lubricat薄膜表面films510聚四氟乙ptfe522合成法synthesi524金属材料material526有机蒙脱montmori528再结晶recrysta llizatio530非晶相amorphou532淬火quenchin534穆斯mossbaue536偏析segregat538先驱precurso540石墨化度graphiti542弥散particle544水热法制hydrothe550界面结构interfac554混杂复合hybrid560界面上interfac564复合材料层板laminates566沉积法depositi568余辉afterglo572非晶形成amorphou574前驱物precurso578溶胶凝胶sol-gel584压电性piezoele588热电性thermoel590合成方法synthesi594流变性能rheologi596热压烧结sinterin gsolidifi 604快速凝固镍基高温superall 610sputteri 612溅射法制composit 620复合物crystall 624晶态centrifu 626离心628有机-无机organic-inorgani630相沉淀precipit632因数coeffici636弹性体elastome 638均匀化homogeni642功能梯度fgm652湮没annihila656等温结晶crystall 阳极anodic660发光性properti662交联crosslin664无定形amorphou666溅射法sputteri670界面处interfac672共沉淀法coprecip678改性研究modifica684高温超导supercon686晶化行为crystall688热挤压extrusio n692生物材料biomater694纳米氧化nanomete696硅灰石wollasto698衍射峰diffract704磨损试验tester706raman光raman708聚酯polyeste710航空aerospac712韧化tougheni714超塑superpla716半导体材料semiconductor718发光材料luminesc720甲基丙烯pmma728光学材料material734奥氏体austenit736超导电性supercon ductivit742脱层delamina744单晶高温superall746快淬quenchin gdetonati 754爆轰。
高分子专业英语词汇必备250个单词
高分子专业英语词汇必备250个1 高分子 macromolecule, polymer 又称"大分子"。
2 超高分子 supra polymer3 天然高分子 natural polymer4 无机高分子 inorganic polymer5 有机高分子 organic polymer6 无机-有机高分子 inorganic organic polymer7 金属有机聚合物 organometallic polymer8 元素高分子 element polymer9 高聚物 high polymer10 聚合物 polymer11 低聚物 oligomer 曾用名"齐聚物"。
12 二聚体 dimer13 三聚体 trimer14 调聚物 telomer15 预聚物 prepolymer16 均聚物 homopolymer17 无规聚合物 random polymer18 无规卷曲聚合物 random coiling polymer 419 头-头聚合物 head-to-head polymer20 头-尾聚合物 head-to-tail polymer21 尾-尾聚合物 tail-to-tail polymer22 反式有规聚合物 transtactic polymer23 顺式有规聚合物 cistactic polymer24 规整聚合物 regular polymer25 非规整聚合物 irregular polymer26 无规立构聚合物 atactic polymer27 全同立构聚合物 isotactic polymer 又称"等规聚合物"。
28 间同立构聚合物 syndiotactic polymer 又称"间规聚合物"。
29 杂同立构聚合物 heterotactic polymer 又称"异规聚合物"。
（完整版）高分子材料专业英语词汇汇总
冷轧 cold rolling 压延性 calenderability 压延 calendering 埋置 embedding 压片 preforming
模塑 molding 模压成型 compression molding 压缩成型 compression forming 冲压模塑 impact moulding， shock moulding 叠模压塑 stack moulding 复合成型 composite molding 注射成型 injec on molding 注塑压缩成型 injec on compression molding 射流注塑 jet molding 无流道冷料注塑 runnerless injec on molding 共注塑 coinjec on molding
惰性填料 inert filler 增塑剂 plas cizer 辅增塑剂 coplas cizer 增粘剂 tackifier 增容剂 compa bilizer
增塑增容剂 plas cizer extender 分散剂 dispersant agent 结构控制剂 cons tu on controller 色料 colorant 荧光增白剂 op cal bleaching agent 抗降解剂 an degradant 防老剂 an -aging agent 防臭氧剂 an ozonant 抗龟裂剂 an cracking agent 抗疲劳剂 an -fa gue agent 抗微生物剂 biocide
高分子材料专业英语单词及短语
with the advent of 随着...的出现；
cured resin 固化树脂
nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振
acidify 酸化
inorganic polymer 无机聚合物；
stretch 拉长，拉直；
fragment 碎屑 碎片
anionic 阴离子的
with respect to 关于 就..而言
polyesterification 聚
butyllithium 丁基锂
density 密度
functionalized polymer 功能聚合物；
acidic 酸性的；
distill 蒸馏
imagine n想象，推测
fiber 纤维；
elastic modulus 弹性模量；
radical polymerization 自由基型聚合
light scattering 光散射
be identical in..to 在...方面和...是相同
trans isomerism 反式异构
initiation n引发
titanium trichloride 三氯化钛
functional group 官能团
interest in.. ..的重大意义.
polysaccharide 多糖，聚糖
crystallite 微晶
bear in wind 牢记；
neutralize 使...中和
tacky 发粘的
dissociate 离解
catalyst 催化剂
isocyanate 异氰酸酯
olefinic adj 烯烃的
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
coiling type polymer30 双烯［类］聚合 diene polymerization 31加［成］聚［合］ addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合 (曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization ，CRP 34 活性自由基聚合 living radical polymerization35原子转移自由基聚合 atom transfer radical polymerization ，ATRP 36反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization ， RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer ，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合 nitroxide mediated polymerization 39 稳定自由基聚合 stable free radical polymerization ，FRP 40 自由基异构化聚合 free radical isomerization polymerization 41 自由基开环聚合 radical ring opening polymerization 42氧化还原聚合 redox polymerization 43无活性端聚合，死端聚合 (曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合 photo polymerization45 光引发聚合 light initiated polymerization 46 光敏聚合 photosensitized polymerization 47 四中心聚合 four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合 charge transfer polymerization 49 辐射引发聚合 radiation initiated polymerization 50 热聚合 thermal polymerization51 电解聚合 electrolytic polymerization 52 等离子体聚合 plasma polymerization 53 易位聚合 metathesis polymerization54开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization ，ROMP 55 精密聚合 precision polymerization 56环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合 topochemical polymerization58平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization 59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60辐射离子聚合 radiation ion polymerization 61离子对聚合 ion pair polymerization 62正离子聚合， 阳离子聚合 cationic polymerization63碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polympolymerization64假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerizat65假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polym66 活性正离子聚合 living cationic polymerizatio 67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合 anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合 carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合 living anionic polymerization70负离子环化聚合 anionic cyclopolymerization71负离子电化学聚合 anionic electrochemical poly72 负离子异构化聚合 anionic isomerization polym 73 烯丙基聚合 allylic polymerization 74活［性］聚合 living polymerization 75 两性离子聚合 zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合 Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合 coordinated ionic polymeriz79 配位负离子聚合 coordinated anionic polymer80配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polyme 81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization,stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合 tactic polymerization 84 全同立构聚合 isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合 asymmetric induction polymerization 86 不对称选择性聚合 asymmetric selective polymerization 87 不对称立体选择性聚合 asymmetric stereoselective polymerization 88 对映［体］不对称聚合 enantioasymmetric polymerization 89 对映［体］对称聚合 enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合 isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合 hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合 group transfer polymerization ，GTP 93 消除聚合 elimination polymerization 94 模板聚合 matrix polymerization,template polymerization 95 插层聚合 intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合 uncatalyzed polymerization 97 开环聚合 ring opening polymerization 98 活性开环聚合 living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合 immortal polymerization 100酶聚合作用 enzymatic polymerization 101聚加成反应，逐步加成聚合 (曾用名)polyaddition102 偶联聚合 coupling polymerization 103 序列聚合sequential polymerization 104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚 flash polymerization105 氧化聚合 oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合 oxidative coupling polymerization 107逐步［增长］聚合 step growth polymerization 108缩聚反应condensation polymerization ， polycondensation109酯交换型聚合 transesterification type polyester exchange polycondensa110 自催化缩聚 autocatalytic polycondensati111均相聚合homogeneous polymerizatio112 非均相聚合 heterogeneous polymerizatio113 相转化聚合 phase inversion polymerizat114 本体聚合 bulk polymerization, mass p 115 固相聚合 solid phase polymerization 116气相聚合gaseous polymerization, gas phase polymerization 117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization 118 溶液聚合 solution polymerization119沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization 120 淤浆聚合 slurry polymerization 121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合 reversed phase suspension p123 珠状聚合 bead polymerization, pearl p 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合 inverse dispersion polymeriz 126 种子聚合 seeding polymerization 127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128无乳化剂乳液聚合 emulsifier free emulsion poly129 反相乳液聚合 inverse emulsion polymeriza130 微乳液聚合 micro emulsion polymerizat 131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132半连续聚合 semicontinuous polymerizat 133 分批聚合，间歇聚合 batch polymerization 134 原位聚合 in situ polymerization 135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚 activated polycondensation 137 熔融缩聚 melt phase polycondensation 138 固相缩聚 solid phase polycondensation 139 体型缩聚 three dimensional polycondensation 140 界面聚合 interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚 interfacial polycondensation 142 环加成聚合 cycloaddition polymerization 143 环烯聚合 cycloalkene polymerization 144 环硅氧烷聚合 cyclosiloxane polymerization 145 引发剂 initiator146 引发剂活性 activity of initiator 147 聚合催化剂 polymerization catalyst 148 自由基引发剂 radical initiator 149 偶氮［类］引发剂 azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈 2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰 benzoyl peroxide, BPO 152 过硫酸盐引发剂 persulphate initiator 153 复合引发体系 complex initiation system154氧化还原引发剂 redox initiator155电荷转移复合物，电荷转移络合物charge transfer complex, CTC 156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂 polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂 photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂 bifunctional initiator ， difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂 trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂 macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂 initiator transfer agent, inifer 162 引发-转移-终止剂 initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂 thermoiniferter 165 正离子催化剂 cationic catalyst 166正离子引发剂cationic initiator 167 负离子引发剂 ionioic initiator 168共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂 alkyllithium initiator 170 负离子自由基引发剂 anion radical initiator 171 烯醇钠引发剂 alfin initiator 172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂 Ziegler Natta catalyst 173 过渡金属催化剂 transition metal catalyst 174 双组分催化剂 bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂 late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂 metal complex catalyst 177［二］茂金属催化剂 metallocene catalyst 178 甲基铝氧烷 methylaluminoxane, MAO179 μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂 bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides ca 180 双金属催化剂 bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属 bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂 constrained geometry metall183均相茂金属催化剂 homogeneous metallocene ca 184链引发 chain initiation 185 热引发thermal initiation186染料敏化光引发 dye sensitized phtoinitiation 187 电荷转移引发 charge transfer initiation 188 诱导期induction period 189引发剂效率 initiator efficiency 190诱导分解induced decomposition 191 再引发 reinitiation192链增长chain growth, chain propaga193 增长链端 propagating chain end 194 活性种 reactive species 195 活性中心 active center196 持续自由基 persistent radical197 聚合最高温度 ceilling temperature of polymerization198 链终止 chain termination 199 双分子终止 bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止 primary radical termination 201 扩散控制终止 diffusion controlled termination 202 歧化终止 disproportionation termination203 偶合终止 coupling termination 204 单分子终止 unimolecular termination 205 自发终止 spontaneous termination 206 终止剂 terminator207 链终止剂 chain terminating agent 208 假终止 pseudotermination 209 自发终止 self termination 210 自由基捕获剂 radical scavenger 211 旋转光闸法 rotating sector method 212 自由基寿命 free radical lifetime 213 凝胶效应 gel effect214 自动加速效应 autoacceleration effect 215 链转移 chain transfer 216 链转移剂 chain transfer agent 217 尾咬转移 backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］ addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数 chain transfer constant 221①缓聚作用retardation②延迟作用 222 阻聚作用 inhibition 223 缓聚剂retarder 224缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent 225 阻聚剂 inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping 227端基terminal group 228 聚合动力学 polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学 polymerization thermodyna 230 聚合热heat of polymerization 231 共聚合［反应］ copolymerization 232 二元共聚合 binary copolymerization 233 三元共聚合 ternary copolymerization 234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合 radical copolymerization 236 离子共聚合 ionic copolymerization 237 无规共聚合 random copolymerization 238 理想共聚合 ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合 alternating copolymerization240 恒［组］分共聚合 azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合 graft copolymerization 242 嵌段共聚合 block copolymerization243 开环共聚合 ring opening copolymerizati 244 共聚合方程 copolymerization equation 245共缩聚copolycondensation 246 逐步共聚合 step copolymerization 247 同种增长 homopropagation 248 自增长 self propagation 249交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布256 侧基反应257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation11 非规整嵌段 irregular block 12 立构嵌段 stereoblock 13 有规立构嵌段 isotactic block 14 无规立构嵌段 atactic block 15 单体单元 monomeric unit 16 二单元组 diad 17 三单元组 triad 18 四单元组 tetrad19 五单元组 pentad 20 无规线团 random coil 21 自由连接链 freely-jointed chain 22 自由旋转链 freely-rotating chain 23 蠕虫状链 worm-like chain 24 柔性链 flexible chain 25 链柔性 chain flexibility26 刚性链 rigid chain 27 棒状链 rodlike chain 28 链刚性 chain rigidity 29 聚集 aggregation 30 聚集体 aggregate 31 凝聚、聚集 coalescence 32 链缠结 chain entanglement 33 凝聚缠结 cohesional entanglement34 物理缠结 physical entanglement 35 拓扑缠结 topological entanglement 36 凝聚相 condensed phase37 凝聚态 condensed state 38 凝聚过程 condensing process39 临界聚集浓度 critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41 受限链 confined chain 42 受限态 confined state 43 物理交联 physical crosslinking 44 统计线团 statistical coil 45 等效链 equivalent chain 46 统计链段 statistical segment 47 链段 chain segment 48 链构象chain conformation 49 无规线团模型 random coil model 50 无规行走模型 random walk model 51 自避随机行走模型 self avoiding walk model 52 卷曲构象 coiled conformation 53 高斯链 Gaussian chain54 无扰尺寸 unperturbed dimension 55 扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56 热力学等效球 thermodynamically equivalent57 近程分子内相互作用 short-range intramolecular inte58 远程分子内相互作用 long-range intramolecular inter 59 链间相互作用 interchain interaction 60 链间距 interchain spacing 61 长程有序 long range order 62 近程有序 short range order 63 回转半径radius of gyration 64 末端间矢量 end-to-end vector 65 链末端 chain end66 末端距end-to-end distance67 无扰末端距 unperturbed end-to-end distanc68均方根末端距 root-mean-square end-to-end d 69 伸直长度 contour length 70相关长度persistence length71 主链；链骨架 chain backbone 72 支链 branch chain73 链支化 chain branching 74 短支链 short-chain branch75 长支链 long-chain branch 76 支化系数 branching index 77 支化密度 branching density 78 支化度 degree of branching 79 交联度 degree of crosslinking 80 网络 network 81 网络密度 network density 82 溶胀 swelling83 平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling 84 分子组装，分子组合 molecular assembly 85 自组装 self assembly 86 微凝胶 microgel 87 凝胶点 gel point 88 可逆[性]凝胶 reversible gel 89 溶胶-凝胶转化 sol-gel transformation90 临界胶束浓度 critical micelle concentration ，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositional heterogenity92 摩尔质量平均 molar mass average又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight, number-average molar mass94 重均分子量weight-average molecular weight, weight-average molar mass95 Z 均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight, Z-molar mass96 黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight ，viscosity-average molar mass97 表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98 表观分子量 apparent molecular weight 99聚合度degree of polymerization 100 动力学链长 kinetic chain length 101 单分散性monodispersity102 临界分子量 critical molecular weight103 分子量分布 molecular weight distribution ，104 多分散性指数 polydispersity index ，PID105 平均聚合度 average degree of polymerizatio 106 质量分布函数 mass distribution function107 数量分布函数 number distribution function 108 重量分布函数 weight distribution function 109 舒尔茨-齐姆分布 Schulz-Zimm distribution 110 最概然分布 most probable distribution111 对数正态分布 logarithmic normal distribution 112 聚合物溶液 polymer solution113 聚合物-溶剂相互作用 polymer-solvent interaction114 溶剂热力学性质 thermodynamic quality of solve115 均方末端距 mean square end to end distanc116 均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration 117 θ温度 theta temperature 118 θ态 theta state 119 θ溶剂 theta solvent120 良溶剂good solvent121 不良溶剂poor solvent 122 位力系数Virial coefficient 123 排除体积excluded volume 124 溶胀因子 expansion factor 125 溶胀度degree of swelling 126 弗洛里-哈金斯理论 Flory-Huggins theory 127 哈金斯公式 Huggins equation128 哈金斯系数 Huggins coefficient 129 χ(相互作用)参数 χ-parameter 130 溶度参数 solubility parameter 131 摩擦系数 frictional coefficient132 流体力学等效球 hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133 流体力学体积 hydrodynamic volume 134 珠-棒模型 bead-rod model 135 球-簧链模型 ball-spring [chain] model136 流动双折射 flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137 动态光散射 dynamic light scattering138 小角激光光散射 low angle laser light scattering 139 沉降平衡 sedimentation equilibrium 140 沉降系数 sedimentation coefficient141 沉降速度法 sedimentation velocity method 142 沉降平衡法 sedimentation equilibrium method143 相对黏度 relative viscosity144 相对黏度增量 relative viscosity increment145 黏度比 viscosity ratio 146 黏数viscosity number147 [乌氏]稀释黏度计 [Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer 148 毛细管黏度计 capillary viscometer 149 落球黏度计 ball viscometer 150 落球黏度 ball viscosity 151 本体黏度 bulk viscosity 152 比浓黏度 reduced viscosity153 比浓对数黏度 inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscosity number154 特性黏数 intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155 黏度函数 viscosity function 156 零切变速率黏度 zero shear viscosity 157 端基分析analysis of end group158 蒸气压渗透法 vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159 辐射的相干弹性散射 coherent elastic scattering of ra 160 折光指数增量 refractive index increment 161 瑞利比Rayleigh ratio 162 超瑞利比 excess Rayleigh ratio 163 粒子散射函数 particle scattering function 164 粒子散射因子 particle scattering factor 165 齐姆图Zimm plot166 散射的非对称性 dissymmetry of scattering 167 解偏振作用 depolarization 168 分级 fractionation169 沉淀分级 precipitation fractionation 170 萃取分级extraction fractionation171 色谱分级 chromatographic fractionation 172 柱分级 column fractionation 173 洗脱分级，淋洗分级 elution fractionation 174 热分级thermal fractionation 175 凝胶色谱法 gel chromatography 176 摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177 溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法 solvent gradient [elution] chrom178 分子量排除极限 molecular weight exclusion limi 179 洗脱体积 elution volume 180 普适标定 universal calibration 181 加宽函数 spreading function 182 链轴chain axis 183 等同周期identity period184 链重复距离 chain repeating distance 185 晶体折叠周期 crystalline fold period 186 构象重复单元 conformational repeating unit 187 几何等效geometrical equivalence188 螺旋链 helix chain189 构型无序 configurational disorder 190 链取向无序 chain orientational disorder 191 构象无序 conformational disorder 192 锯齿链 zigzag chain 193 双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194 [分子]链大尺度取向 global chain orientation 195 结晶聚合物 crystalline polymer 196 半结晶聚合物 semi-crystalline polymer 197 高分子晶体 polymer crystal198 高分子微晶 polymer crystallite199 结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity200 高分子[异质]同晶现象 macromolecular isomorphism 201 聚合物形态学 morphology of polymer 202 片晶 lamella, lamellar crystal 203 轴晶 axialite 204 树枝[状]晶体 dendrite 205 纤维晶 fibrous crystal 206 串晶结构 shish-kebab structure 207 球晶 spherulite 208 折叠链 folded chain 209 链折叠 chain folding 210 折叠表面 fold surface 211 折叠面 fold plane 212 折叠微区 fold domain213 相邻再入模型 adjacent re-entry model 214 接线板模型 switchboard model 215 缨状微束模型 fringed-micelle model 216 折叠链晶体 folded-chain crystal 217 平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218 伸展链晶体 extended-chain crystal 219 球状链晶体 globular-chain crystal 220 长周期 long period221 近程结构 short-range structure 222 远程结构 long-range structure 223 成核作用nucleation224 分子成核作用 molecular nucleation 225 阿夫拉米方程 Avrami equation 226 主结晶 primary crystallization 227 后期结晶secondary crystallization 228 外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallization 229 外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长epitaxial growth230 织构 texture231 液晶态 liquid crystal state 232 溶致性液晶 lyotopic liquid crystal 233 热致性液晶 thermotropic liquid crystal 234 热致性介晶 thermotropic mesomorphism 235 近晶相液晶 smectic liquid crystal 236 近晶中介相 smectic mesophase 237 近晶相 smectic phase 238 条带织构 banded texture 239 环带球晶 ringed spherulite 240 向列相 nematic phase 241 盘状相 discotic phase 242 解取向 disorientation 243 分聚 segregation 244 非晶相 amorphous phase 245 非晶区 amorphous region 246 非晶态 amorphous state 247 非晶取向amorphous orientation248 链段运动 segmental motion 249 亚稳态 metastable state 250 相分离 phase separation 251 亚稳相分离 spinodal decomposition 252 bimodal decomposition 253 微相 microphase 254 界面相 boundary phase 255 相容性 compatibility 256 混容性 miscibility 257 不相容性 incompatibility 258 不混容性 immiscibility 259 增容作用compatiibilization260 最低临界共溶(溶解)温度 lower critical solution temperature, LCST 261 最高临界共溶(溶解)温度 upper critical solution temperature , UCST 262 浓度猝灭 concentration quenching 263 激基缔合物荧光 excimer fluorescence 264 激基复合物荧光 exciplex fluorescence265 激光共聚焦荧光显微镜 laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266 单轴取向 uniaxial orientation267 双轴取向 biaxial orientation, biorientation 268 取向度 degree of orientation 269 橡胶态 rubber state 270 玻璃态 glassy state 271 高弹态 elastomeric state 272 黏流态 viscous flow state 273 伸长 elongation274 高弹形变high elastic deformation 275 回缩性，弹性复原 nerviness276 拉伸比 draw ratio, extension ratio 277 泊松比Poisson's ratio278 杨氏模量 Young's modulus 279 本体模量 bulk modulus 280 剪切模量 shear modulus 281 法向应力 normal stress 282 剪切应力 shear stress 283 剪切应变 shear strain 284 屈服 yielding 285 颈缩现象 necking 286 屈服应力 yield stress 287 屈服应变 yield strain 288 脆性断裂 brittle fracture 289 脆性开裂brittle cracking 290 脆-韧转变 brittle ductile transition291 脆化温度 brittleness(brittle) temperature 292 延性破裂 ductile fracture 293 冲击强度 impact strength 294 拉伸强度tensile strength295 极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength 296 抗撕强度tearing strength297 弯曲强度 flexural strength, bending stren 298 弯曲模量 bending modulus 299 弯曲应变 bending strain 300 弯曲应力 bending stress 301 收缩开裂 shrinkage crack 302 剪切强度 shear strength 303 剥离强度 peeling strength304 疲劳强度 fatigue strength, fatigue resista 305 挠曲 deflection306 压缩强度compressive strength 307 压缩永久变形compression set308 压缩变形 compressive deformation 309 压痕硬度 indentation hardness 310 洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness 311 布氏硬度 Brinell hardness 312 抗刮性 scrath resistance 313 断裂力学 fracture mechanics 314 力学破坏 mechanical failure 315 应力强度因子 stress intensity factor 316 断裂伸长 elongation at break 317 屈服强度 yield strength 318 断裂韧性 fracture toughness 319 弹性形变 elastic deformation 320 弹性滞后 elastic hysteresis 321 弹性 elasticity322 弹性模量 modulus of elasticity 323 弹性回复 elastic recovery324 不可回复形变 irrecoverable deformation325 裂缝 crack 俗称“龟裂” 326 银纹 craze327 形变；变形 deformation 328 永久变形 deformation set 329 剩余变形 residual deformation 330 剩余伸长 residual stretch 331 回弹，回弹性 resilience332 延迟形变 retarded deformation 333 延迟弹性 retarded elasticity 334 可逆形变 reversible deformation335 应力开裂 stress cracking 336 应力-应变曲线 stress strain curve 337 拉伸应变stretching strain338 拉伸应力弛豫 tensile stress relaxation 339 热历史 thermal history 340 热收缩 thermoshrinking341 扭辫分析 torsional braid analysis ，TBA 342 应力致白 stress whitening 343 应变能 strain energy 344 应变张量 strain tensor 345 剩余应力 residual stress 346 应变硬化 strain hardening 347 应变软化 strain softening 348 电流变液 electrorheological fluid 349 假塑性 pseudoplastic 350 拉胀性 auxiticity 351 牛顿流体Newtonian fluid 352 非牛顿流体 non-Newtonian fluid 353 宾汉姆流体 Bingham fluid 354 冷流cold flow355 牛顿剪切黏度 Newtonian shear viscosity 356 剪切黏度shear viscosity357 表观剪切黏度 apparent shear viscosity 358 剪切变稀 shear thinning 359 触变性 thixotropy360 塑性形变 plastic deformation 361 塑性流动 plastic flow 362 体积弛豫 volume relaxation 363 拉伸黏度 extensional viscosity 364 黏弹性viscoelasticity 365 线性黏弹性 linear viscoelasticity 366 非线性黏弹性 non-linear viscoelasticity 367 蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数387介电损耗因子388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度395开尔文模型Kelvin model396麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model397时-温叠加原理修订统计：。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05. 高分子化学brush polymercoiling type polymer5 三官能[基］单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomervinylidene monomer 1，1—亚乙烯基单体，7偏［二］取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer1，2—亚乙烯基单体，81，2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体,二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合[反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerization低聚反应，oligomerization21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链[式]聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类]聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合] addition polymerization32自由基聚合,游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization，radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合,可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization,CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization,ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧［自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization,FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合,死端聚合(曾用名）dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesispolymerization,ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization，carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性]聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒—纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization，stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映[体]不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization,GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization，templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerizationpolyaddition聚加成反应，101逐步加成聚合（曾用名）102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization，116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2，2'- azobisisobutyronitrile，AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物，155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator, difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发—转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移—终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator，iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒—纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation （degradative）chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应] addition fragmentation chain transfer220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端[反应]end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应] copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒[组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q，e概念Q，e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫[黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation279 断链降解chain scission degradation280 自由基链降解free radical chain degradation10规整嵌段regular block11非规整嵌段irregular block12立构嵌段stereoblock13有规立构嵌段isotactic block14无规立构嵌段atactic block15单体单元monomeric unit16二单元组diad17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely—jointed chain22自由旋转链freely—rotating chain 23蠕虫状链worm—like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement 34物理缠结physical entanglement 35拓扑缠结topological entanglement 36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration40线团—球粒转换coil—globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to—end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end—to—end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to—end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end—to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long—chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装,分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity，compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number—average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight—average molecular weight，weight—average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight，Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity—average molecular weight，viscosity—average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index,PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz—Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布" 111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里—哈金斯理论Flory—Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ（相互作用）参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball—spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147［乌氏］稀释黏度计［Ubbelohde］dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity，logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry，VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient ［elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股］螺旋double stranded helix194[分子］链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi—crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity 200高分子［异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism 201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella，lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状］晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re—entry model214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed—micelle model216折叠链晶体folded—chain crystal217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal218伸展链晶体extended—chain crystal219球状链晶体globular—chain crystal220长周期long period221近程结构short—range structure222远程结构long-range structure223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization227后期结晶secondary crystallization228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature，LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解）温度upper critical solution temperature ，UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解）温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性,弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio，extension ratio277泊松比Poisson’s ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness（brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度，breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength，bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength，fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂" 326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力—应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non—Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non—linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用］relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间］谱retardation ［time］spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热—机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass—transition temperature392次级弛豫secondary relaxation393次级转变secondary transition394次级弛豫温度secondary relaxation temperature395开尔文模型Kelvin model396麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model397时-温叠加原理time-temperature superposition principle 398玻耳兹曼叠加原理Boltzmann superposition principle399平移因子shift factor400WLF公式WLF［Williams—Lendel-Ferry］equation 401软化温度softening temperature402平衡熔点equilibrium melting point403物理老化physical ageing404光老化photoageing405热老化thermal ageing406热氧老化thermo—oxidative ageing407人工老化artificial ageing408加速老化accelerated ageing409计算机模拟computer simulation410分子动力学模拟molecular dynamics simulation。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05. 高分子化学05.1高分子物质05.2coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应3 平均官能度average functionality4 双官能［基］单体bifunctional monomer5 三官能［基］单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomervinylidene monomer 1,1-亚乙烯基单体，7偏［二］取代乙烯单体vinylene monomer1,2-亚乙烯基单体，81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体，二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合［反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerizationoligomerization低聚反应，21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerizationpolyaddition聚加成反应，101逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiatorcharge transfer complex, CTC电荷转移复合物，155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constantretardation①缓聚作用221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure 207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal 217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal 218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure 222远程结构long-range structure 223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation 225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇
05. 高分子化学05.1高分子物质05.2coiling type polymer05.2 聚合与高分子化学反应3 平均官能度average functionality4 双官能［基］单体bifunctional monomer5 三官能［基］单体trifunctional monomer6 乙烯基单体vinyl monomer1,1-亚乙烯基单体，vinylidene monomer7偏［二］取代乙烯单体1,2-亚乙烯基单体，vinylene monomer81,2-二取代乙烯单体9 双烯单体，二烯单体diene monomer10 极性单体polar monomer11 非极性单体non polar monomer12 共轭单体conjugated monomer13 非共轭单体non conjugated monomer14 活化单体activated monomer15 官能单体functional monomer16 大分子单体macromer, macromonomer17 环状单体cyclic monomer18 共聚单体comonomer19 聚合［反应］polymerization20 均聚反应homopolymerization低聚反应，oligomerization21齐聚反应(曾用名)22 调聚反应telomerization23 自发聚合spontaneous polymerization24 预聚合prepolymerization25 后聚合post polymerization26 再聚合repolymerization27 铸塑聚合, 浇铸聚合cast polymerization28 链［式］聚合chain polymerization29 烯类聚合，乙烯基聚合vinyl polymerization30 双烯［类］聚合diene polymerization31 加［成］聚［合］addition polymerization32自由基聚合，游离基聚合(曾用名) free radical polymerization, radical polymerization33控制自由基聚合，可控自由基聚合controlled radical polymerization，CRP34 活性自由基聚合living radical polymerization35 原子转移自由基聚合atom transfer radical polymerization，ATRP36 反向原子转移自由基聚合reverse atom transfer radical polymerization，RATRP37可逆加成断裂链转移reversible addition fragmentation chaintransfer，RAFT38 氮氧[自由基]调控聚合nitroxide mediated polymerization39 稳定自由基聚合stable free radical polymerization，FRP40 自由基异构化聚合free radical isomerization polymerization41 自由基开环聚合radical ring opening polymerization42 氧化还原聚合redox polymerization43无活性端聚合，死端聚合(曾用名)dead end polymerization44 光［致］聚合photo polymerization45 光引发聚合light initiated polymerization46 光敏聚合photosensitized polymerization47 四中心聚合four center polymerization48 电荷转移聚合charge transfer polymerization49 辐射引发聚合radiation initiated polymerization50 热聚合thermal polymerization51 电解聚合electrolytic polymerization52 等离子体聚合plasma polymerization53 易位聚合metathesis polymerization54 开环易位聚合ring opening metathesis polymerization，ROMP55 精密聚合precision polymerization56 环化聚合cyclopolymerization57 拓扑化学聚合topochemical polymerization58 平衡聚合equilibrium polymerization59 离子［型］聚合ionic polymerization60 辐射离子聚合radiation ion polymerization61 离子对聚合ion pair polymerization62正离子聚合，阳离子聚合cationic polymerization63 碳正离子聚合carbenium ion polymerization,carbocationicpolymerization64 假正离子聚合pseudo cationic polymerization65 假正离子活［性］聚合pseudo cationic living polymerization66 活性正离子聚合living cationic polymerization67负离子聚合，阴离子聚合anionic polymerization68 碳负离子聚合carbanionic polymerization69 活性负离子聚合living anionic polymerization70 负离子环化聚合anionic cyclopolymerization71 负离子电化学聚合anionic electrochemical polymerization72 负离子异构化聚合anionic isomerization polymerization73 烯丙基聚合allylic polymerization74 活［性］聚合living polymerization75 两性离子聚合zwitterion polymerization76 齐格勒-纳塔聚合Ziegler Natta polymerization77 配位聚合coordination polymerization78 配位离子聚合coordinated ionic polymerization79 配位负离子聚合coordinated anionic polymerization80 配位正离子聚合coordinated cationic polymerization81 插入聚合insertion polymerization82定向聚合，立构规整聚合stereoregular polymerization, stereospecific polymerization83 有规立构聚合tactic polymerization84 全同立构聚合isospecific polymerization85 不对称诱导聚合asymmetric induction polymerization86 不对称选择性聚合asymmetric selective polymerization87 不对称立体选择性聚合asymmetric stereoselective polymerization88 对映［体］不对称聚合enantioasymmetric polymerization89 对映［体］对称聚合enantiosymmetric polymerization90 异构化聚合isomerization polymerization91 氢转移聚合hydrogen transfer polymerization92 基团转移聚合group transfer polymerization，GTP93 消除聚合elimination polymerization94 模板聚合matrix polymerization,templatepolymerization95 插层聚合intercalation polymerization96 无催化聚合uncatalyzed polymerization97 开环聚合ring opening polymerization98 活性开环聚合living ring opening polymerization99 不死的聚合immortal polymerization100 酶聚合作用enzymatic polymerization聚加成反应，polyaddition101逐步加成聚合(曾用名)102 偶联聚合coupling polymerization103 序列聚合sequential polymerization104 闪发聚合，俗称暴聚flash polymerization105 氧化聚合oxidative polymerization106 氧化偶联聚合oxidative coupling polymerization107 逐步［增长］聚合step growth polymerization缩聚反应condensation polymerization，108polycondensation酯交换型聚合transesterification type polymerization, 109ester exchange polycondensation110 自催化缩聚autocatalytic polycondensation111 均相聚合homogeneous polymerization112 非均相聚合heterogeneous polymerization113 相转化聚合phase inversion polymerization114 本体聚合bulk polymerization, mass polymerization 115 固相聚合solid phase polymerization气相聚合gaseous polymerization,116gas phase polymerization117 吸附聚合adsorption polymerization118 溶液聚合solution polymerization119 沉淀聚合precipitation polymerization120 淤浆聚合slurry polymerization121 悬浮聚合suspension polymerization122 反相悬浮聚合reversed phase suspension polymerization 123 珠状聚合bead polymerization, pearl polymerization 124 分散聚合dispersion polymerization125 反相分散聚合inverse dispersion polymerization126 种子聚合seeding polymerization127 乳液聚合emulsion polymerization128 无乳化剂乳液聚合emulsifier free emulsion polymerization 129 反相乳液聚合inverse emulsion polymerization130 微乳液聚合micro emulsion polymerization131 连续聚合continuous polymerization132 半连续聚合semicontinuous polymerization133 分批聚合，间歇聚合batch polymerization134 原位聚合in situ polymerization135 均相缩聚homopolycondensation136 活化缩聚activated polycondensation137 熔融缩聚melt phase polycondensation138 固相缩聚solid phase polycondensation139 体型缩聚three dimensional polycondensation140 界面聚合interfacial polymerization141 界面缩聚interfacial polycondensation142 环加成聚合cycloaddition polymerization143 环烯聚合cycloalkene polymerization144 环硅氧烷聚合cyclosiloxane polymerization145 引发剂initiator146 引发剂活性activity of initiator147 聚合催化剂polymerization catalyst148 自由基引发剂radical initiator149 偶氮［类］引发剂azo type initiator150 2,2′偶氮二异丁腈2,2'- azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN151 过氧化苯甲酰benzoyl peroxide, BPO152 过硫酸盐引发剂persulphate initiator153 复合引发体系complex initiation system154 氧化还原引发剂redox initiator电荷转移复合物，charge transfer complex, CTC155电荷转移络合物156 聚合加速剂，聚合促进剂polymerization accelerator157 光敏引发剂photoinitiator158 双官能引发剂bifunctional initiator，difunctional initiator 159 三官能引发剂trifunctional initiator160 大分子引发剂macroinitiator161 引发-转移剂initiator transfer agent, inifer162 引发-转移-终止剂initiator transfer agent terminator, iniferter 163 光引发转移终止剂photoiniferter164 热引发转移终止剂thermoiniferter165 正离子催化剂cationic catalyst166 正离子引发剂cationic initiator167 负离子引发剂ionioic initiator168 共引发剂coinitiator169 烷基锂引发剂alkyllithium initiator170 负离子自由基引发剂anion radical initiator171 烯醇钠引发剂alfin initiator172 齐格勒-纳塔催化剂Ziegler Natta catalyst173 过渡金属催化剂transition metal catalyst174 双组分催化剂bicomponent catalyst175 后过渡金属催化剂late transition metal catalyst 176 金属络合物催化剂metal complex catalyst 177 ［二］茂金属催化剂metallocene catalyst178 甲基铝氧烷methylaluminoxane, MAO179μ氧桥双金属烷氧化物催化剂bimetallic μ-oxo alkoxides catalyst180 双金属催化剂bimetallic catalyst 181 桥基茂金属bridged metallocene182限定几何构型茂金属催化剂constrained geometry metallocene catalyst183 均相茂金属催化剂homogeneous metallocene catalyst 184 链引发chain initiation185 热引发thermal initiation186 染料敏化光引发dye sensitized phtoinitiation187 电荷转移引发charge transfer initiation188 诱导期induction period189 引发剂效率initiator efficiency190 诱导分解induced decomposition191 再引发reinitiation192 链增长chain growth, chain propagation193 增长链端propagating chain end194 活性种reactive species195 活性中心active center196 持续自由基persistent radical197 聚合最高温度ceilling temperature of polymerization 198 链终止chain termination199 双分子终止bimolecular termination200 初级自由基终止primary radical termination201 扩散控制终止diffusion controlled termination202 歧化终止disproportionation termination203 偶合终止coupling termination204 单分子终止unimolecular termination205 自发终止spontaneous termination206 终止剂terminator207 链终止剂chain terminating agent208 假终止pseudotermination209 自发终止self termination210 自由基捕获剂radical scavenger211 旋转光闸法rotating sector method212 自由基寿命free radical lifetime213 凝胶效应gel effect214 自动加速效应autoacceleration effect215 链转移chain transfer216 链转移剂chain transfer agent217 尾咬转移backbitting transfer218 退化链转移degradation (degradative) chain transfer 219 加成断裂链转移［反应］addition fragmentation chain transfer 220 链转移常数chain transfer constant①缓聚作用retardation221②延迟作用222 阻聚作用inhibition223 缓聚剂retarder224 缓聚剂，阻滞剂retarding agent225 阻聚剂inhibitor226 封端［反应］end capping227 端基terminal group228 聚合动力学polymerization kinetics229 聚合热力学polymerization thermodynamics 230 聚合热heat of polymerization231 共聚合［反应］copolymerization232 二元共聚合binary copolymerization233 三元共聚合ternary copolymerization234 竞聚率reactivity ratio235 自由基共聚合radical copolymerization236 离子共聚合ionic copolymerization237 无规共聚合random copolymerization238 理想共聚合ideal copolymerization239 交替共聚合alternating copolymerization 240 恒［组］分共聚合azeotropic copolymerization 241 接枝共聚合graft copolymerization242 嵌段共聚合block copolymerization243 开环共聚合ring opening copolymerization 244 共聚合方程copolymerization equation245 共缩聚copolycondensation246 逐步共聚合step copolymerization247 同种增长homopropagation248 自增长self propagation249 交叉增长cross propagation250 前末端基效应penultimate effect251 交叉终止cross termination252 Q值Q value253 e值e value254 Q,e概念Q, e scheme255 序列长度分布sequence length distribution 256 侧基反应reaction of pendant group257 扩链剂，链增长剂chain extender258 交联crosslinking259 化学交联chemical crosslinking260 自交联self crosslinking261 光交联photocrosslinking262 交联度degree of crosslinking263 硫化vulcanization264 固化curing265 硫［黄］硫化sulfur vulcanization266 促进硫化accelerated sulfur vulcanization 267 过氧化物交联peroxide crosslinking268 无规交联random crosslinking269 交联密度crosslinking density270 交联指数crosslinking index271 解聚depolymerization272 ①降解②退化degradation273 链断裂chain breaking274 解聚酶depolymerase275 细菌降解bacterial degradation276 生物降解biodegradation277 化学降解chemical degradation278 辐射降解radiation degradation05.3 高分子物理化学与高分子物理17三单元组triad18四单元组tetrad19五单元组pentad20无规线团random coil21自由连接链freely-jointed chain22自由旋转链freely-rotating chain23蠕虫状链worm-like chain24柔性链flexible chain25链柔性chain flexibility26刚性链rigid chain27棒状链rodlike chain28链刚性chain rigidity29聚集aggregation30聚集体aggregate31凝聚、聚集coalescence32链缠结chain entanglement33凝聚缠结cohesional entanglement34物理缠结physical entanglement35拓扑缠结topological entanglement36凝聚相condensed phase37凝聚态condensed state38凝聚过程condensing process39临界聚集浓度critical aggregation concentration 40线团-球粒转换coil-globule transition41受限链confined chain42受限态confined state43物理交联physical crosslinking44统计线团statistical coil45等效链equivalent chain46统计链段statistical segment47链段chain segment48链构象chain conformation49无规线团模型random coil model50无规行走模型random walk model51自避随机行走模型self avoiding walk model52卷曲构象coiled conformation53高斯链Gaussian chain54无扰尺寸unperturbed dimension55扰动尺寸perturbed dimension56热力学等效球thermodynamically equivalent sphere 57近程分子内相互作用short-range intramolecular interaction 58远程分子内相互作用long-range intramolecular interaction 59链间相互作用interchain interaction60链间距interchain spacing61长程有序long range order62近程有序short range order63回转半径radius of gyration64末端间矢量end-to-end vector65链末端chain end66末端距end-to-end distance67无扰末端距unperturbed end-to-end distance68均方根末端距root-mean-square end-to-end distance 69伸直长度contour length70相关长度persistence length71主链；链骨架chain backbone72支链branch chain73链支化chain branching74短支链short-chain branch75长支链long-chain branch76支化系数branching index77支化密度branching density78支化度degree of branching79交联度degree of crosslinking80网络network81网络密度network density82溶胀swelling83平衡溶胀equilibrium swelling84分子组装，分子组合molecular assembly85自组装self assembly86微凝胶microgel87凝胶点gel point88可逆[性]凝胶reversible gel89溶胶-凝胶转化sol-gel transformation90临界胶束浓度critical micelle concentration，CMC91组成非均一性constitutional heterogenity, compositionalheterogenity92摩尔质量平均molar mass average 又称“分子量平均”93数均分子量number-average molecular weight,number-average molar mass94重均分子量weight-average molecular weight,weight-average molar mass95Z均分子量Z(Zaverage)-average molecular weight,Z-molar mass96黏均分子量viscosity-average molecular weight，viscosity-average molar mass97表观摩尔质量apparent molar mass98表观分子量apparent molecular weight99聚合度degree of polymerization100动力学链长kinetic chain length101单分散性monodispersity102临界分子量critical molecular weight103分子量分布molecular weight distribution，MWD104多分散性指数polydispersity index，PID105平均聚合度average degree of polymerization106质量分布函数mass distribution function107数量分布函数number distribution function108重量分布函数weight distribution function109舒尔茨-齐姆分布Schulz-Zimm distribution110最概然分布most probable distribution 曾用名“最可几分布”111对数正态分布logarithmic normal distribution 又称“对数正则分布”112聚合物溶液polymer solution113聚合物-溶剂相互作用polymer-solvent interaction114溶剂热力学性质thermodynamic quality of solvent115均方末端距mean square end to end distance116均方旋转半径mean square radius of gyration117θ温度theta temperature118θ态theta state119θ溶剂theta solvent120良溶剂good solvent121不良溶剂poor solvent122位力系数Virial coefficient 曾用名“维里系数”123排除体积excluded volume124溶胀因子expansion factor125溶胀度degree of swelling126弗洛里-哈金斯理论Flory-Huggins theory127哈金斯公式Huggins equation128哈金斯系数Huggins coefficient129χ(相互作用)参数χ-parameter130溶度参数solubility parameter131摩擦系数frictional coefficient132流体力学等效球hydrodynamically equivalent sphere133流体力学体积hydrodynamic volume134珠-棒模型bead-rod model135球-簧链模型ball-spring [chain] model136流动双折射flow birefringence, streaming birefringence 137动态光散射dynamic light scattering138小角激光光散射low angle laser light scattering139沉降平衡sedimentation equilibrium140沉降系数sedimentation coefficient141沉降速度法sedimentation velocity method142沉降平衡法sedimentation equilibrium method143相对黏度relative viscosity144相对黏度增量relative viscosity increment145黏度比viscosity ratio146黏数viscosity number147[乌氏]稀释黏度计[Ubbelohde] dilution viscometer148毛细管黏度计capillary viscometer149落球黏度计ball viscometer150落球黏度ball viscosity151本体黏度bulk viscosity152比浓黏度reduced viscosity153比浓对数黏度inherent viscosity, logarithmic viscositynumber154特性黏数intrinsic viscosity, limiting viscosity number 155黏度函数viscosity function156零切变速率黏度zero shear viscosity157端基分析analysis of end group158蒸气压渗透法vapor pressure osmometry, VPO159辐射的相干弹性散射coherent elastic scattering of radiation160折光指数增量refractive index increment161瑞利比Rayleigh ratio162超瑞利比excess Rayleigh ratio163粒子散射函数particle scattering function164粒子散射因子particle scattering factor165齐姆图Zimm plot166散射的非对称性dissymmetry of scattering167解偏振作用depolarization168分级fractionation169沉淀分级precipitation fractionation170萃取分级extraction fractionation171色谱分级chromatographic fractionation172柱分级column fractionation173洗脱分级，淋洗分级elution fractionation174热分级thermal fractionation175凝胶色谱法gel chromatography176摩尔质量排除极限molar mass exclusion limit177溶剂梯度洗脱色谱法solvent gradient [elution] chromatography 178分子量排除极限molecular weight exclusion limit179洗脱体积elution volume180普适标定universal calibration181加宽函数spreading function182链轴chain axis183等同周期identity period184链重复距离chain repeating distance185晶体折叠周期crystalline fold period186构象重复单元conformational repeating unit187几何等效geometrical equivalence188螺旋链helix chain189构型无序configurational disorder190链取向无序chain orientational disorder191构象无序conformational disorder192锯齿链zigzag chain193双[股]螺旋double stranded helix194[分子]链大尺度取向global chain orientation195结晶聚合物crystalline polymer196半结晶聚合物semi-crystalline polymer197高分子晶体polymer crystal198高分子微晶polymer crystallite199结晶度degree of crystallinity, crystallinity200高分子[异质]同晶现象macromolecular isomorphism201聚合物形态学morphology of polymer202片晶lamella, lamellar crystal203轴晶axialite204树枝[状]晶体dendrite205纤维晶fibrous crystal206串晶结构shish-kebab structure 207球晶spherulite208折叠链folded chain209链折叠chain folding210折叠表面fold surface211折叠面fold plane212折叠微区fold domain213相邻再入模型adjacent re-entry model 214接线板模型switchboard model215缨状微束模型fringed-micelle model 216折叠链晶体folded-chain crystal 217平行链晶体parallel-chain crystal 218伸展链晶体extended-chain crystal 219球状链晶体globular-chain crystal 220长周期long period221近程结构short-range structure 222远程结构long-range structure 223成核作用nucleation224分子成核作用molecular nucleation 225阿夫拉米方程Avrami equation226主结晶primary crystallization 227后期结晶secondary crystallization 228外延结晶，附生结晶epitaxial crystallizationepitaxial growth229外延晶体生长，附生晶体生长230织构texture231液晶态liquid crystal state232溶致性液晶lyotopic liquid crystal233热致性液晶thermotropic liquid crystal234热致性介晶thermotropic mesomorphism235近晶相液晶smectic liquid crystal236近晶中介相smectic mesophase237近晶相smectic phase238条带织构banded texture239环带球晶ringed spherulite240向列相nematic phase241盘状相discotic phase242解取向disorientation243分聚segregation244非晶相amorphous phase 曾用名“无定形相”245非晶区amorphous region246非晶态amorphous state247非晶取向amorphous orientation248链段运动segmental motion249亚稳态metastable state250相分离phase separation251亚稳相分离spinodal decomposition252bimodal decomposition253微相microphase254界面相boundary phase255相容性compatibility256混容性miscibility257不相容性incompatibility258不混容性immiscibility259增容作用compatiibilizationlower critical solution temperature, LCST 260最低临界共溶(溶解)温度upper critical solution temperature , UCST 261最高临界共溶(溶解)温度262浓度猝灭concentration quenching263激基缔合物荧光excimer fluorescence264激基复合物荧光exciplex fluorescence265激光共聚焦荧光显微镜laser confocal fluorescence microscopy 266单轴取向uniaxial orientation267双轴取向biaxial orientation, biorientation268取向度degree of orientation269橡胶态rubber state270玻璃态glassy state271高弹态elastomeric state272黏流态viscous flow state273伸长elongation274高弹形变high elastic deformation275回缩性，弹性复原nerviness276拉伸比draw ratio, extension ratio277泊松比Poisson's ratio278杨氏模量Young's modulus279本体模量bulk modulus280剪切模量shear modulus281法向应力normal stress282剪切应力shear stress283剪切应变shear strain284屈服yielding285颈缩现象necking 又称“细颈现象”286屈服应力yield stress287屈服应变yield strain288脆性断裂brittle fracture289脆性开裂brittle cracking290脆-韧转变brittle ductile transition291脆化温度brittleness(brittle) temperature292延性破裂ductile fracture293冲击强度impact strength294拉伸强度tensile strength 又称“断裂强度,breaking strength”295极限拉伸强度ultimate tensile strength296抗撕强度tearing strength 又称“抗扯强度”297弯曲强度flexural strength, bending strength298弯曲模量bending modulus299弯曲应变bending strain300弯曲应力bending stress301收缩开裂shrinkage crack302剪切强度shear strength303剥离强度peeling strength304疲劳强度fatigue strength, fatigue resistance305挠曲deflection306压缩强度compressive strength307压缩永久变形compression set308压缩变形compressive deformation309压痕硬度indentation hardness310洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness311布氏硬度Brinell hardness312抗刮性scrath resistance313断裂力学fracture mechanics314力学破坏mechanical failure315应力强度因子stress intensity factor316断裂伸长elongation at break317屈服强度yield strength318断裂韧性fracture toughness319弹性形变elastic deformation320弹性滞后elastic hysteresis321弹性elasticity322弹性模量modulus of elasticity323弹性回复elastic recovery324不可回复形变irrecoverable deformation325裂缝crack 俗称“龟裂”326银纹craze327形变；变形deformation328永久变形deformation set329剩余变形residual deformation330剩余伸长residual stretch331回弹，回弹性resilience332延迟形变retarded deformation333延迟弹性retarded elasticity334可逆形变reversible deformation335应力开裂stress cracking336应力-应变曲线stress strain curve337拉伸应变stretching strain338拉伸应力弛豫tensile stress relaxation339热历史thermal history340热收缩thermoshrinking341扭辫分析torsional braid analysis，TBA 342应力致白stress whitening343应变能strain energy344应变张量strain tensor345剩余应力residual stress346应变硬化strain hardening347应变软化strain softening348电流变液electrorheological fluid349假塑性pseudoplastic350拉胀性auxiticity351牛顿流体Newtonian fluid352非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid353宾汉姆流体Bingham fluid354冷流cold flow355牛顿剪切黏度Newtonian shear viscosity 356剪切黏度shear viscosity357表观剪切黏度apparent shear viscosity358剪切变稀shear thinning359触变性thixotropy360塑性形变plastic deformation361塑性流动plastic flow362体积弛豫volume relaxation363拉伸黏度extensional viscosity364黏弹性viscoelasticity365线性黏弹性linear viscoelasticity366非线性黏弹性non-linear viscoelasticity367蠕变creep368弛豫[作用] relaxation 又称“松弛”369弛豫模量relaxation modulus370蠕变柔量creep compliance371热畸变温度heat distortion temperature372弛豫谱relaxation spectrum373推迟[时间]谱retardation [time] spectrum374弛豫时间relaxation time375推迟时间retardation time376动态力学行为dynamic mechanical behavior377动态黏弹性dynamic viscoelasticity378热-机械曲线thermo-mechanical curve379动态转变dynamic transition380储能模量storage modulus381损耗模量loss modulus382复数模量complex modulus383复数柔量complex compliance384动态黏度dynamic viscosity385复数黏度complex viscosity386复数介电常数complex dielectric permittivity387介电损耗因子dielectric dissipation factor388介电损耗常数dielectric loss constant389介电弛豫时间dielectric relaxation time390玻璃化转变glass transition391玻璃化转变温度glass-transition temperature05.4 高分子加工技术和应用。
高分子材料与工程专业英语词汇[1]
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Xiong Maolin, CMSE, BUCT
I
高 分 子 材 料 与 工 程 专 业 英 语 词 汇 表
graft copolymer 接枝共聚物 statistical copolymer 无规嵌段共聚物 random copolymer 无规共聚物 backbone [ ] n.主链 semicrystalline [ ]adj.半结晶的 ] adj.无定形的 amorphous [ morphology [ ] n.形态 phase [ ] n.相 living polymerization 活性聚合 compatibilizer n.增容剂 blend [ ] n.,v.共混（物） terpolymer [ ] n.三元共聚物 ] n.合金 alloy [ miscible [ ] adj.易混合的，可（溶）混的 ] n.粒子 particle [ cylinder [ ] n.圆柱体 lamella [ ] n.薄层, 薄片 synergistic adj.协同的 molecular architecture 分子构造 ] adj.线性的 linear [ short branched adj.短支化的 long branched adj.长支化的 ladder shaped adj.梯形的 star shaped adj.星形的 hyperbranched adj.超支化的 chain segment 链段 ] n.,v.蠕变 creep [ loading [ ] n.载荷 crystallinity n.结晶度 rheological [ ] adj.流变学的 stability [ ] n.稳定性 crystalline [ ] adj.结晶的 amorphous [ ] adj.无定形的 ] v.缠结 entangle [ strength [ ] n.强度 ] n.韧性 toughness [ configuration [ ] n.构型 conformation [ ] n.构象 regularity [ ] n.规整性 compactness [ ] n.紧密度[性] flexibility [ ] n.柔顺性 liquid-crystal polymer n.液晶聚合物 ] v.取向 orient [ extrusion [ ] n.挤出 injection molding 注射模塑成型 granular [ ] adj.粒状的 hopper [ ] n.漏斗 barrel [ ] n.机筒 screw [ : ] n.螺杆 ] n.顶杆 ram [ mold [ ] n.模具 eject [ ] v.顶出 cavity [ ] n.型腔 hydraulic [ ] adj.液压传动的 polyphenylene oxide 聚苯醚 compression molding 挤压模塑成型 ] v.固化 cure [ flash [ ] n.溢料 ] n.脱模 knockout [ pin [ ] n.销钉 overflow [ ] n.溢料口 runner [ ]n.流道，浇口 transfer molding 传递模塑成型 blow molding 吹塑成型 split mold 对开模具 ] n.（玻璃、塑料等）型坯 parison [ annulus [ ] n.环形套筒 extrusion [ ] n.挤出 die [ ] n.模具 thermoforming [ ] n.热成型 ] v.下垂 sag [ calendering n.压延 ] v.塑炼 plasticate [ vulcanize [ ] v.硫化 vulcanization [ ] n.硫化 casting [ ] n.浇铸 catalyze [ ] v.催化 ] n.固化，凝固 solidification [ urethane n.尿烷，氨基甲酸乙酯 reaction injection molding 反应注射模塑成型 reactant [ ] n.反应物 polyurethane [ ] n.聚氨酯 sintering [ ] n.烧结 coalescence [ ] n.融合 foam molding 发泡模塑成型 hardness [ ] n.硬度 flexural strength 抗挠（弯）强度 impact [ ] n., vt 冲击
高分子专业英语
单词engineeringmaterials 工程材料ductile 延展metallic materials 金属材料durable 耐久的ferrous alloys 黑色金属合金合金quote 引用援引non-ferrous metals 有色金属eminently 杰出地organic polymer materials 有机高分子材料rust 生锈plastic 塑料precipitation 沉淀沉积rubber 橡胶dislocation 位错synthetic fibers 合成纤维arbitrary 独断的，任意的inorganic non-metallic materials 无机非金属材料smelt 熔炼，精炼composite materials 复合材料Intricate 复杂的，精巧的wrought iron 熟铁combination 结合，化合物pig iron 生铁ductile 易延展的four general types of cast iron 铸铁的四种类型low ductility 低延展性ductile iron 球墨铸铁tough 艰难的gray iron 灰铸铁toughness 韧性white iron 白口铸铁porosity 孔隙度，气孔,气泡malleable iron 可锻铸铁insulating 绝缘alloying elements 合金元素flexible 灵活的chromium 铬corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性nickel 镍lightweight 轻impurity 杂质reduce 还原,减少majority 多数weight reduction of vehicle 汽车轻量化wool fibres 毛纤维automobile bodies 汽车车身the sheep 羊cutlery 餐具silk fibres 丝纤维springs 弹簧silkworms 蚕slip systems 滑移性cementite 渗碳体oxide 氧化物proteins 蛋白质spheroidal graphite 球状石墨varnish 清漆ballbearing 滚珠轴承pigment 颜料dislocation motion 位错的运动solvent 溶剂precipitation hardening 沉积硬化additives 添加剂balance 平衡paint 油漆cultivate 培养drying oils 干燥油shatterproof 碎cure 固化against 反对cured or dried 固化或干燥compared to 相比ancient times 古代aesthetic appeal 艺术感染力millennia 千年more dense 更密集的arbitrary boundary 任意边界判断1.The name “cast iron”derives from the fact that there is only iron in cast irons2.There are a lot of alloys in which there is no iron.3.3.Tungsten can bear the temperature of 2000℃in air.4.There are more than one step in the process to make a plstic product。
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carbenium salts
碳正离子盐
electron donating groups
供电子基团
stabilization
稳定性
hydride shift
氢迁移
organometallic initiators
有机金属引发剂
polar solvent
极性溶剂
electron withdrawing groups
poly-
聚，多
methyl-
甲基
deca-
十，癸
ethyl-
乙基
non-
九，壬
propyl-
丙基
octa-
八，辛
butyl-
丁基
hepta-
七，庚
hydro-
氢
hexa-
六，己
chlor-
氯
penta-
五，戊
bromo-
溴
tetra-
四
amine
胺
tri-
三
carbo-
碳
twi-
二
oxy-
氧
di-
缩聚
free radical
自由基
initiation
引发
thermal initiator
热引发剂
peroxide initiator
过氧化物引发剂
azo initiator
偶氮引发剂
decomposition
分解
redox initiator
氧化还原引发剂
photoinitiator
光引发剂
propagation
trans
反式
stereo isomerism
立体异构
isotactic
全同
syndiotactic
间同
atactic
无轨
mechanism
机理
chain polymerization
连锁聚合
step polymerization
逐步聚合
addition polymerization
加聚
condensation polymerization
单体单元
chain element
链单元
degree of polymerization
聚合度
homopolymer
均聚物
copolymer
共聚物
molecular weight
分子量
polydispersity of molecule weight
分子量分布
number-average molecular weight
拉电子基团
色谱柱
stirbar
搅拌子
(Multiple)adaptor
分水器（适配器）
glove
手套
balance
天平
Basic concepts
基本概念
macromolecule
大分子
polymer
聚合物
monomer
单体
structure unit
结构单元
repeating unit
重复单元
monomer unit
增长
thermodynamics
热力学
entropy
熵
enthalpy
焓
steric strain
空间张力
polar effect
极效应
resonance
共振
chain transfer
链转移
hydrogen abstraction
去氢反应
solvent
溶剂
chain transfer agent
链转移剂
间二甲苯
cyclohexanol
环己醇
3-pentanone
三戊酮
Ethyl acetate
乙酸乙酯
flask
烧瓶
funnel
漏斗
beaker
烧杯
Graduated cylinder
量筒
condenser
冷凝管
separatory funnel
分液漏斗
test tube
试管
chromatograph column
酮
sulph-
硫
ester
酯
carboxylic acid
羧酸
amide
酰胺
acid anhydride
酸酐
ammonium
铵
Sodium Hydroxide
NaOH
Potassium Hydroxide
KOH
Triethylamine
三乙胺
Cis-2-butylene
顺丁二烯
m-diemethylbenzene
数均分子量
weight-average molecular weight
重均分子量
Z-average molecular weight
Z均分子量
viscosity-average molecular weight
粘均分子量
linear
线型的
branched
枝化的
cross-linked
交联的
cis
顺式
二
-ane
烷烃
mono-
单
-ene
烯烃
-ol
醇
-yne
炔烃
vinyl-
乙烯基
cyclo-
环
fluor-
氟
aryl-
芳基
nitri-
氮
alkyl-rtho-
邻位
iodo-
碘
para-
对位
alkadiene
二烯烃
meta-
间位
thermo-
热
ether
醚
nucleo-
核
ketone-
termination
终止
disproportionation
不均匀
combination
结合
auto-acceleration
自动加速
ionic polymerization
离子聚合
cationic polymerization
阳离子聚合
anionic polymerization
阴离子聚合
protic acids