【精品】新版新目标英语八年级下册unit3知识点总结
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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
Section A
1.Could you please do sth ?用于提出请求,希望得到对方肯定回答,语气较委婉。
肯定回答:Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.
否定回答:Sorry , I can’t. / I’m afraid I can’t.
在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中,常用could代替can,以表示礼貌,委婉或不确定的语气,而can 则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could 看作can 的过去式。以上两句中用could 是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时,除了can, could 之外,还可以用may,句子的表达方式也各有不同,可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。Could / Can / May I use your car for a day?
作允答可以各种各样:
如同意可以说Yes,或Sure 或Certainly,还可说Yes, (do) please. 或Of course. (you may / can). 或That's OK / all right.
如果不同意,可以说I'm sorry you can't. 或I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说No, you can't. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。
2. take
(1)取,拿:Please take some books to the classroom.
(2)吃,喝,服用Take some medicine.
(3)乘车,船等We can take a bus to the park.
(4)花费(时间、金钱)It took me 2 hours to do my homework.
take care of 照顾take a walk 散步take awa拿take up占据take place 发生take off脱下;
take one’s time慢慢来
3.problem question 问题
problem客观存在待解决的问题,侧重困难。Solve the problem
question因存疑而提出问题,侧重疑惑。answer the question
4.(1)neither adv 也不句子须部分倒装。此时可用nor替换neither
like this dress. 我不喜欢这件连衣裙。Neither / Nor do I. 我也不喜欢。
I don’t
【注意】肯定句:He likes beef..--So do I. 我也喜欢。
既不…也不…, 连接两个词做主语,谓语动词就近原则Neither Tom nor I am a student
(2) neither …nor…
(3) neither 作代词表示“两个都不”,它作主语时,谓语动词常用单数。Neither of my parents is at home.
辨析also, too, either, neither
(1)also 较正式,在句中位于行为动词前,系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。
Peter also likes beef. I am also a student. She can also swim.
(2)too较口语,多用在肯定句句末。
(3)either 表示“也”时,一般只用于否定句句末。
I don’t have much money either.
(4)neither 用作副词,意为“也不”解释,句子须采用部分倒装。
also和too常用于肯定句,neither用于否定句;
either表示“也”用于否定,但either…or用于肯定。
5.or
否定句也不We don’t have tea or coffee.
陈述句或者Answer me yes or no.
疑问句还是Do you like red or pink?
表转折否则祈使句Hurry up, or you will be late.
e over 过来
come across (偶然)发现come back回来come up with想出come true实现
come from来自come on加油come in/into 进入,进来come out出来,(花)开,(照片)冲洗出来
7. surprise
(1) in surprise 惊奇地惊讶地
He look at me in surprise.
(2)可数名词,令人惊奇的事或物
That is a big surprise.
(3)不可数名词惊奇to one’s surprise
To my surprise, he didn’t leave.
(4)及物动词,使惊奇surprise sb
His success surprised us.
8.work on 从事,忙于work at 学习、致力于、在……上下工夫
9.borrow some money 借一些钱
borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入)=borrow sb sth
lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物(借出)
You can borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你哥哥借些钱。
Can you lend me your bike? 你能借给我你的自行车吗?
注意:keep 延续性动词I can keep the book for one week.
10.pass sb sth=pass sth to sb地给某人某物
11.need v 需要作实义动词常用于肯定句
(1)人做主语,sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事
(2)物做主语,sth need doing = sth need to be done
need做情态动词用于否定句或疑问句.
(1)needn’t = don’t have to
没有必要
(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t
Must I go there now?Yes,you must/No, you needn’t
Section B
1.invite v → invitation n邀请
(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb. to +地点邀请某人去某地
2.waste
(1) v 浪费
waste time/money on sth
waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱
(2) n 不可数浪费废物垃圾
a waste of 浪费