工业工程专业英语chapter1
工业工程专业英语1-3单元翻译
Professional English for Industrial EngineeringChapter1 Unit3翻译姓名：专业：工业工程班级：学号：完成日期：2015-10-31Chapter 1Unit 3 Academic Disciplines of Industrial Engineering五大主要工程学科和它们的发展在美国，有五个主要工程学科（土木、化学、电工、工业、机械），它们是早在第一次世界大战时就出现的工程分支学科。
这些进步是世界范围内发生的工业革命的一部分，并且在技术革命的开始阶段仍在发生。
随着第二次世界大战的发展导致了其他工程学科的发展，比如核工程，电子工程，航空工程，甚至是电脑工程。
太空时代导致了航空工程的发展。
最近对环境的关注使得环境工程和生态工程也得到了发展。
这些更新的工程学科经常被认为是专长学科包含“五大”学科，即土木，化学，电工，工业，和机械工程里的一种或多种。
和美国的情况不同，工业工程在中国属于第一层级管理科学和工程学科下面的第二级别的学科。
IE学科的开端学科后来演变成工业工程学科是最初在机械工程系被作为特殊课程教的。
首个工业工程的分部在1908年的宾夕法尼亚州大学和雪城大学被建立。
（在宾夕法尼亚州的项目是短期存在的，但是它在1925年又重建了）一个在普渡大学的机械工程的IE选科在1911年被建立。
一个更完整的工业工程学院项目的历史可能在资料中被找到。
在机械工程部有一个IE选科的实践是主要的模式直到第二次世界大战的结束，并且分离出来的IE部在整个上个世纪里的文理学院和综合大学里被建立。
早在第二次世界大战的时候，在工业工程方面，只有很少的毕业生水平的研究。
一旦分开的学部建立之后，学士和博士级别的项目开始出现。
现代IE的教育—分支学科今天，与过去相比，工业工程对于不同的人来说意味着不同的东西。
实际上，一个发展一个突出的现代工业工程的方法是通过获得在它的分支学科和它怎么联系到其他领域的理解。
工业工程专业英语（推荐5篇）
工业工程专业英语（推荐5篇）第一篇：工业工程专业英语二Real IE Value工业工程的真正价值1、On the other hand,today‟s IE has at his or her disposal more technology and tools than the IE of 30 years ago could have ever imagined.另一方面，现在的工业工程师可以使用许多30年前的同行想都不可能想到的技术和工具。
2、If a person loses sight of the total job and starts looking at the individual pieces,it comes out a little hairy.如果一个人不能对整项工作做全面把握而只是将注意力放在个别的方面，则结果将不会令人满意。
3、Problems associated with renaming IE departments to describe their particular function may have more to do with appearance than with the actual job being performed.将工业工程部重新命名以明确描述其具体职能，其间所出现的问题与其说与实际完成的工作有关倒不如说与问题的表象有关。
4、In fact,even though ABET accredits many IE and IET programs in the United States,there remains much variance and flexibility among each of the programs.【ABET是工程与技术鉴定委员会（the Accreditation Board for Engineering and T echnology）的简写。
周跃进工业工程专业英语翻译 全十章 - 副本
第一章IE中的角色工业工程是新兴的经典和新颖的将计算解决复杂和系统性的问题，在今天的高度科技世界职业之一。
，特别是在中国快速发展的经济和其作为世界制造业中心的演技，为IE浏览器的需求将增加，并不断扩大和迫切。
生产系统或服务系统，包括输入，转换和输出。
通过改造，增加值的增加，系统的效率和效益都有所提高。
转化过程中所使用的技术和管理科学以及它们的组合依靠。
管理生产系统的服务体系，是一个具有挑战性和复杂的，行为科学，计算机和信息科学，经济，以及大量的主题有关的基本原则和技术，生产和服务系统的技术。
对于IE毕业生的需求工业工程课程设计准备的学生，以满足未来中国的经济和和谐社会建设的挑战。
许多即毕业生（IES），事实上，设计和运行现代制造系统和设施。
其他选择从事服务活动，如健康，Äìcare交付，金融，物流，交通，教育，公共管理，或咨询等。
为IE毕业生的需求比较旺盛，每年增长。
事实上，对于非法入境者的需求大大超过供给。
这种需求/供给不平衡是为IE大于其他任何工程或科学学科，并预计在未来多年存在。
因此，over165大学或学院于2006年在中国开设了IE浏览器程序。
教科书的目标这本教科书的主要目的是引入系统化的理论和先进的技术和方法，工业工程，以及他们的英语表达有关科目。
教科书的另一个目的是加强和改进学生，AOS与工业工程专业英语文献的阅读和理解能力。
工程与科学怎么这两个词，Äúindustrial，Äùand，Äúengineering，Äùget相结合，形成长期，Äúindustrial工程，非盟是什么？工业工程和其他工程学科之间的关系，企业管理，社会科学？为了了解工业工程的作用，在今天，AOS经济和知识为基础的的时代，它是有利于学习，希望在IE的演变历史的发展，有许多半途而废写历史发展的工程。
《工业工程专业英语》课程教学大纲
《工业工程专业英语》课程教学大纲课程编号：0803701057课程名称：工业工程专业英语英文名称：Professional English for Industrial Engineering课程类型：专业任选课总学时：32 讲课学时：32 实验学时：0学分：2适用对象：工业工程专业先修课程：大学英语一、课程性质、目的和任务专业英语是工业工程专业的一门专业课，通过对本课程的学习，进一步巩固和提高英语水平，特别是提高阅读科技英语及本专业英语资料的能力。
其任务是培养学生阅读、写作科技英语等方面的能力，使其能以英语为工具顺利获取有关本专业所需要的信息。
二、教学基本要求了解专业英语的语法特点、专业英语的词汇特点及专业英语的各种文体中常用的符号、公式及其他。
掌握工业工程专业的英语文献阅读和理解，能快速阅读科技文章，迅速获取信息和中心思想。
理解专业英语翻译的基本方法。
三、教学内容及要求1．Introduction to Industrial Engineering了解工业工程的角色，工业工程毕业生的需求，学习本书的目的，掌握工业工程的定义。
了解工业工程涉及的学科，工业工程的发展。
了解美国工业工程专业在学科中的地位与中国的不同。
2．Work Study工作研究和作业测量是工业工程领域最传统的研究内容。
通过本章的学习，对工作研究和作业测量有一个全面的认识和了解。
3．Manufacturing Systems了解制造系统的含义，制造系统的各个组成部分，掌握几种典型的制造系统及成组技术、柔性制造系统、敏捷制造等先进制造系统各自应用范围及特点。
了解CAD，CAM，CAPP 等辅助制造系统在各种制造系统中的应用。
4．Production Planning and Control掌握生产计划的主要内容，体会生产计划在生产系统中的重要性，掌握生产预测、生产计划的制定、生产计划控制的各种原理及方法。
5．Logistics Engineering掌握物流工程中的基本术语。
工业工程专业英语
Lesson 3 CAM1. Introduction1。
景区简介Computer-aided manufacturing involves the use of computers and computer technology to assist in all the phases of manufacturing a product, including process and production planning, machining, scheduling, management, and quality control. Because of the benefits, computer- aided design and computer-aided manufacturing are often combined into CAD/CAM systems, show as Figure 3.1.计算机辅助制造涉及使用计算机和计算机技术辅助生产产品的所有阶段，包括工艺和生产计划，加工，调度，管理，质量控制。
由于利益，计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造经常CAD ／CAM系统结合，显示如图3.1。
Figure 3.1 Information flow chart in CAD/CAM application图3.1信息流图在CAD / CAM应用This combination allows the transfer of information from the design stage into the stage of planning for the manufacture of a product, without the need to reenter the data on part geometry manually. The database developed during CAD is stored, then it is processed further, by CAM, into the necessary data and instructions for operating and controlling production machinery, material-handling equipment, and automated testing and inspection for product quality.这种组合允许从设计阶段的信息传递到规划阶段进行产品的制造，而不需要重新输入数据上的零件的几何形状手动。
工业工程专业英语重点句子汇总（一到七章）
工业工程专业英语重点句子汇总（一到七章）工业工程英语重点句子汇总第一节对工业工程的认识Industrial Engineering Education for the 21st Century21世纪的工业工程教育IEs should play a crucial role in preparing organizations for the 21st century through their roles as change initiators and facilitators. Improvements are needed in IE undergra duate education if that role is to be successfully carried out.工业工程师为21世纪在正在准备的组织工程中扮演了一个至关重要的角色，他们的角色是作为创始者和促进者。
如果这个角色成功执行的话，在工业工程本科教育过程中，改进是必须的。
Undergraduate education is the foundation for profession practice. Undergraduate pr ogram are the basis for entry into graduate school; and other professional fields. To facili tate this transition, urgent improvements are needed in education strategies.本科教育是专业实践的基础，本科教育的课程是进入研究院和其它专业领域的基础。
为了促进这个转变，在教育策略方面作以紧迫改进是必须的。
Existing models of total quality management (TQM) and continuous process improv ement (CPI) can be adopted for curriculum improvement. However, because of the uniqu e nature of academia. re-definition of TQM will be necessary so that the approach will be compatible with the academic process.现有的全面质量管理和持续程序改进模式可以纳入课程改革。
专业英语
Chapter 1 工业工程简介Unit 1 工业工程简介工业工程的角色作为一种古老和新颖的专业之一，工业工程的出现将用来解决当今高度技术发展的世界所遇到的复杂的系统问题。
尤其是随着中国经济的快速发展，中国扮演着世界制造工业的中心的角色，对工业工程的要求将持续迫切地增加和扩展。
一个生产系统或服务系统包括输入、转换和输出。
通过转换，提高了附加值，改善了系统的效率和效果。
转换的进程依赖于使用的技术和科学的管理以及两者的结合。
管理一个生产系统和服务系统是一个具有挑战性的复杂的任务。
它需要基本的科学、工程学、行为学、计算机信息科学、经济学和关于生产和服务系统基本规律与技术的大量课题等方面的知识。
工业工程毕业生的需求工业工程这门课程被设计用来使学生适应构建中国经济与和谐社会的未来的挑战。
的确，许多工业工程毕业生将设计和管理现代制造系统和设施。
其他的将选择致力于像健康保健、金融业、后勤物流、运输、教育学、公共管理或咨询行业等服务领域。
本书目标本书的主要目的是介绍系统的理论和先进的技术以及工业工程的相关科目和它们的英语表达的方法。
本书的另一个目的是强化和提高学生们阅读和理解与工业工程有关的专业化英语文献的能力。
工程与科学“工业的”和“工程”这两个词是怎样结合起来形成“工业工程”的？工业工程和其他工程学科以及商务管理和社会科学之间是什么关系？为了理解工业工程在当今的经济和基于知识的时代中所扮演的角色，了解在工业工程进化过程中有希望的历史发展是有益的。
有许多方法来书写工业工程的历史发展。
因为我们的兴趣是回顾工程发展的意义，尤其是那些把工业工程引导成为一个专业的意义，所以在本单元的介绍只做了简单的处理。
我们可以从参考文献中得到更多关于工业工程发展的完整历史。
虽然工程和科学的发展步调一直都不同，但是他们却是以并行、互补的形式发展起来的。
工程关系到对问题的解决和对“更好的生活”的要求的科学知识的应用，然而，科学却关系到对基本知识要求。
工业工程专业英语PPT(共39页)
Unit 1 Quality Standards and Quality Control
7. Statistic Quality Control 8. Definition of Six Sigma Methodology 9. Key Elements of Six Sigma Methodology 10. Six Sigma in Business 11. Six Sigma in Engineering 12. Quality Control Tools
Unit 1 Quality Standards and Quality Control
1. Definitions of Quality 2. Quality in Manufacturing 3. Quality in Service 4. ISO 9000 Series Standards 5. Rules of Certification to QMS 6. Steps of Certification to QMS
trivial：琐碎的
template：模型
workshop:车间、研讨会
seminar:研讨班
demonstrate：示范、说明
preliminary：预备的、初级的
reproach：责备、谴责
forcible：强制的、有说服力的
statistic：统计的
six sigma methodology: 6δ法
Chapter 8 Quality Management
Unit 1 Quality Standards and Quality Control
Unit 2 Quality Management and Quality Cost
工业工程专业英语
本章中，我们考虑的是自动化和材料 处理技术是怎样合成来创造生产系统。 我们把一个生产系统定义为设备和人 力资源的一个集合，它的功能是在一 种原材料、一个部件或者一组部件上 完成一个或多个加工步骤以及装配操 作。组合的设备包括生产机器和工具、 材料处理和工作定位设备、计算机系 统。人力资源用来全程或阶段性的保 持系统的运行。部件和产品的升值工 作就是在生产系统中完成的。在较大 的生产系统中，生产系统的情况如表 3.1所示。生产系统的例子包括：
Tankertanker Design
Tankertanker Design
Tankertanker Design
Computer Control Systems
In most processing and assembly operations performed on discrete parts and products ,the following ancillary functions must be provided: (1) loading and unloadingwork units and (2)positioning the work units at each station. In manufacturing systemscomposed of multiple workstations, a means of ( 3) transporting work units between stations is also required. These functions are accomplishecd by the material handling system. In many cases, the units are moved by the workers themselves, but more oftensome form of mechanized or automated material transport system is used to reduce human effort. Most material handing systems used in production also provide (4) a temporary storage function. The purpose of storage in these systems is usually to make sure that work is always present for the stations, that is, that the stations are not starved( meaning that they have nothing to work on). 在大多数加工和组装业务进行离散的部件和产品,必须提供以下辅助功能, 装卸工作和定位在每个车站的工作单位。在制造系统由多个工作单元组成的 运输单位之间的一种手段也是必需的。这些功能是通过物料搬运系统，在许 多情况下,工作单元由工人自己,但更通常 一些形式的机械化或自动化材料运 输系统完成用于降低人类的工作。生产中使用的大多数材料处理系统还提供 一个临时存储功能。通常存储在这些系统的目的是为了确保工作总是存在的, 也就是说,工位不空闲(这意味着他们没有工作)。
工业工程专业英语
二Real IE Value工业工程的真正价值1、On the other hand,today’s IE has at his or her disposal more technology and tools than the IE of 30 years ago could have ever imagined.另一方面，现在的工业工程师可以使用许多30年前的同行想都不可能想到的技术和工具。
2、If a person loses sight of the total job and starts looking at the individual pieces,it comes out a little hairy.如果一个人不能对整项工作做全面把握而只是将注意力放在个别的方面，则结果将不会令人满意。
3、Problems associated with renaming IE departments to describe their particular function may have more to do with appearance than with the actual job being performed.将工业工程部重新命名以明确描述其具体职能，其间所出现的问题与其说与实际完成的工作有关倒不如说与问题的表象有关。
4、In fact,even though ABET accredits many IE and IET programs in the United States,there remains much variance and flexibility among each of the programs. 【ABET是工程与技术鉴定委员会（the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology）的简写。
该委员会是美国用来检查和评价各工程类大学全部课程的官方机构，ABET鉴定目的是向公众和工程类毕业生的雇主保证学校的课程满足了规定的最低标准。
精选工业工程专业英语
Understanding the definition of IE(1)
Industrial: any organization integrated systems: a factory, a cityspecialized knowledge: mechanical, physical, and social sciences, the principles and methods of engineering analysis Objectives: to specify, predict, and evaluate, the results to be obtained from such systems
industrial engineering:工业工程manufacturing industry:制造业production system：生产系统service system:服务系统efficiency:效率effectiveness:效果curricula: 课程 (or curriculum)harmonious society:和谐社会IE graduates:工业工程毕业生（IEs）IE engineers:工业工程师（IEs）facility:设备、设施health-care delivery: 卫生保健服务discipline:学科methodology:方法literature:文献economic and knowledge-based era:知识经济时代specialty:专业feedback：反馈hand in hand :合作inclined plane:斜面corkscrew: 螺丝刀simple lever:单杠杆friction: 摩擦molecular:分子的electricity: 电、电学、电流、电气thermal process:热处理manipulate:处理，使用，操纵variable:变量Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理
工业工程专业英语
Lesson 2 CAD课程2 CADComputer-aided design (CAD) involves the use of computers to create design drawings and product models. Computer-aided design is usually associated with interactive computer graphics, known as a CAD system. Computer-aided design systems are powerful tools and are used in the design and geometric modeling of components and products.计算机辅助设计（CAD）涉及计算机来设计图纸、产品模型的使用。
计算机辅助设计通常与交互式计算机图形学，称为CAD系统。
计算机辅助设计系统是功能强大的工具，用于和零部件和产品几何造型设计。
Drawings are generated at workstations, and the design is displayed continuously on the monitor in different colors for its various components. The designer can easily conceptualize the part designed on the graphics screen and can consider alternative designs or modify a particular design to meet specific design requirements. Using powerful software such as CATIA (computer-aided three-dimensional interactive applications), the design can .be subjected to engineering analysis and can identify potential problems, such as excessive load, deflection, or interference at mating surfaces during assembly. Information (such as a list of materials, specifications, and manufacturing instructions) is also stored in the CAD database. Using this information, the designer can analyze the manufacturing economics of alternatives.图纸生成工作站，和设计的连续显示在监视器上不同的颜色，不同的部分。
04 工业工程专业英语
Unit 1 Introduction to Service Systems Characteristics of Service Operations
Customer Participation Simultaneity Perishability Intangibility Heterogeneity
Unit 1 Introduction to
Chapter 4 Service Systems
Unit 1 Introduction to Service Systems Unit 2 Service Quality
Service Syion to Service Systems Definitions of Service
4
Unit 1 Introduction to Service Systems Nature of Service
Several reasons can explain the recession-resistant nature of services. First, by their nature, services cannot be inventoried, as is the case for products. Second, during a recession both consumers and business firms defer capital expenditures and instead fix up and make do with existing equipment, thus, service jobs in maintenance and repair are created.
12
Summary
工业工程外文翻译
外文资料Business Process Change: A Study of Methodologies, Techniques, and Tools.CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION1.1 The Rationale for TQM and BPROver the past two decades, domestic competition and globalization have threatened the growth, profitability and the very survival of many firms and organizations in general. Organizational and technological factors are combining to create a very competitive business environment in which customers are the focal point. Further, these factors can sometimes change quickly in a very unpredictable manner (Turban, McLean and Wetherbe 2002). The pace of change and the degree of uncertainty are expected to accelerate in the twenty-first century. Specific developments will be difficult to predict with certainty, and the types of changes will vary across industries. Competition will continue to increase both at home and abroad. There will be many new products with shorter development cycles and life cycles. Some industries will have smaller production volumes with more product customization and variety (Hunt 1989). New technologies will optimize production processes and improve product quality. All of these changes are significantly affecting the way business is conducted in not only international markets but also in local markets, which are now increasingly exposed to worldwide competition.Globalization will pose challenges for some firms, while offering growth opportunities for firms capable of developing a global reach (Taylor 1991).No organization, big or small,private or public, in the manufacturing or the service sector, can afford to ignore these changes (Kelada 1996).Effective response to the changes and competitiveness in manufacturing or service operations requires a clear understanding of the business environment, anticipation of market trends, and the effective management of organizational capabilities to quickly respond to customer needs. As customers become more knowledgeable about the availability and quality of products and services, theirsophistication and expectations increase. They demand customized products and services with high quality and low prices. Organizations will be under increasing pressures to produce more, using fewer resources (Turban et al. 2002).In order to succeed or even survive in this dynamic world, companies must not only take traditional action, such as lowering costs, but also take innovative action, such as changing structure or processes (Boyett and Boyett 1995). Other researchers have proposed various paradigms, theories, and strategies to cope with the ever changing environment and to sustain Organizational Competitiveness. Two proposed strategies are the evolutionary approach of Total Quality Management (TQM) and the revolutionary approach of Business Process Reengineering (BPR).TQM has been adopted as the organization-wide approach to quality management and continuous improvement since the early 1980s in the United States. It has been widely studied and implemented both in practitioner and academic research literature. An Industry Week article (Benson 1993) claimed that, "In 10 short years, TQM has been as pervasive a part of business thinking as quarterly financial results. A special section of Fortune magazine titled, "Quality 2000: The Next Decade of Progress," included the following statement, "since 1985, thousands of organizations have adopted and applied the principles of total quality management (TQM). As a result, the worldwide standards for the quality of products and services have never been higher. TQM has proven to be a highly adaptive management tool that is here to stay. It has passed the fad test. TQM has delivered on its promise, but has not reached its potential." Today, people talk much less about TQM; however, they practice it, applying its concepts and principles to their work (Kelada 1996). Many companies that have successfully adopted TQM do not even use the phrase total quality anymore; it has simply become a way of doing business (Jacob 1993).Some companies have achieved major improvements. As Samson and Terziovski (1999) state, "At the pinnacle of lists of those who have accomplished great improvements are the winners of the various quality awards around the world." However, they also argue that after twenty years of experience with TQM practices, it is clear that the performance improvements are, "indeed not clear, but are verymixed!" They add, "for each successful implementation of TQM there are many which have not been able to translate their efforts into operational or business improvement." There have been TQM failures reported by other authors in the literature. According to Kelada(1996), there have been "more failures than successes".TQM has also been criticized as being no longer adequate for survival in the increasingly dynamic competitive environment. Can and Johansson(1995) stated that TQM had not worked for many companies because it had been narrow in focus and limited to improving the existing way of doing business. Some experts claimed that BPR had replaced TQM because the latter was an incremental, limited and continuous improvement of existing processes. In contrast they claimed that BPR was a radical change in business processes, and the most effective approach in dealing with the drastic changes in the world (Kelada1996). Hammer(1990) advised, "don't automate,obliterate." He defined Reengineering as the radical redesign of business processes for dramatic improvement. He emphasized a "clean-slate" approach i.e. discard the old system and start with one that has been completely redesigned. Other researchers such as Davenport and Short (1990), Davenport(1993b), Hammer and Champy (1993), and Teng, Grover, and Fiedler(1994) also recommended using Business Process Reengineering (BPR) to radically redesign and improve business processes.In the face of intense competition and other business pressures, Davenport(1993b) suggested that, "quality initiatives and continuous, incremental process improvements, though still essential, will no longer be sufficient." He added that, "firms must seek not fractional, but multiplicative levels of improvement一l OX rather than 10%. Such radical levels of change require powerful new tools that will facilitate the fundamental redesign of wo rk.”Davenport(1993) depicts the History of Process Improvement Approaches in Figure 1 .The first approach was Inspection as the final step in the manufacturing process.Poor quality goods were rejected or recycled. The second approach used Statistical Quality Control to implement a strict control of the manufacturing process.It focused on improvement in existing processes. The radical Process Innovation approach was adopted in the 1980s.1.2 Business Process ReengineeringBPR has also been known as Business Process Redesign, Business Reengineering, Process Improvement, Process Innovation, Business Transformation and Business Process Change. There has been much confusion as to what this strategy entails, and when it came into existence. Earl(1994) wrote an essay attempting to evaluate and understand what is new and what is old about BPR. He described BPR as the "latest management recipe being offered for the survival of western businesses." He wrote, "The protagonists seem convinced that it is a new approach to improving business performance even if it may be a synthesis of recent and not so recent ideas. The cynics feel that they have seen it before in different guises and stress the apparent naivety of some of the component concepts.Meanwhile some of the companies claim that `it has worked for them', even if some did not realize it was BPR that they were practicing! These claims and counterclaims can be caricatured as `new wonder drug' or `old wine in new bottles'." Earl concluded that BPR had components that were both old and new.Davenport (1995) stated that all "components" of BPR existed prior to 1990, but later assembled into one management process. He added that, "Reengineering is new, therefore, only as a new synthesis of previously existing ideas."King (1994) stated that Process Reengineering was in the debunking phase of its life cycle. He proposed the existence of an evolutionary pattern in which management ideas and techniques are first presented as panaceas for business success and subsequently debunked as worthless. He mentioned previous examples and suggested that BPR was not immune to this pattern.The years following the seminal BPR publications in 1990-1993 were characterized by a bandwagon effect involving many firms eager to implement BPR. The continued global competition, economic down turn, and the potential offered by emerging technologies were pushing finms to fundamentally rethink their business processes. Many firms reasoned that business process change was the only way toleverage their core competencies and achieve competitive advantage. This belief led to a near "reengineering frenzy" (Kettinger and Grover 1995).By the mid 1990s, a number of firms had poor experiences in implementing BPR The literature began reporting failures as highas50-75%(Caron, Jarvenpaa&Stoddard,1994;Hammer&Champy,1993;Braganza&Myers,1997). Support for BPR began to wane. Some researchers attempted to stem the tide of negative reaction by explaining the fundamentals of BPR and its "real" objectives.The increasing competitive pressure that organisations currently face forces them to find ways of minimising the time it takes to develop the product, bring products to the market and offer efficient and effective service to customers while at the same time maximising profits. This pressure has made BPR one of the most popular topics in organisational management and has created new ways of doing business (Tumay 1995). BPR relates to the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of an entire business system to achieve significant improvements in performance of the company.Many leading organisations have conducted BPR in order to improve productivity and gain competitive advantage. For example, a survey of 180 US and 100 European companies found that 75% of these companies had engaged in significant re-engineering efforts in the past three years (Jackson 1996). Among the reasons leading to the success of BPR is an emphasis on a top-down approach, empowerment, teamworking and flattening of hierarchies.Nevertheless, despite the success stories associated with BPR, there are high failure rates associated with it. Hammer and Champy(1995 ) noted that failure rates as high as 70% can be observed as a result of BPR. However, presently, data to support this claim is limited.Research in the area has tried to provide reasons for this high failure rate. Among these are: trying to do too much, not appreciating the risk factors (communications, mea surer, accountability) and not putting the most appropriate people on the project. However, among the top five reasons leading to the failure of BPR, the one that concerned people was prominent. In this, `middle management resistance' was cited as the most common cause for failure.Other reasons contributing to BPR failure were top/senior management, the prevailing culture and political culture, as well as employee fear and resistance to change (Gram and Wellins 1996). Other frequently cited problems related to BPR include the inability to predict the outcome of radical change, difficulty in capturing existing processes in a way that can be seen by multidisciplinary team members, a lack of creativity in process redesign, cost of implementing the new process, or inability to recognise the dynamic nature of the processes. It is often argued that one of the major problems that contribute to the failure of BPR projects is a lack of tools for evaluating the effects of designed solutions before implementation (Paolucci et al 1997; Tumay 1995).Mistakes as a result of BPR can only be recognised once the redesigned processes are implemented. This raises important issues, as it is particularly expensive and difficult to attempt the task of correcting earlier mistakes at this point. Although the evaluation of alternative solutions might be difficult, it is imperative that the risks associated with BPR projects are minimised. The following section describes the approach that the centre has adopted to investigate the aforementioned issues.The Centre for Re-engineering Business Processes at Brunel University aims to investigate how the success rate of BPR can be improved. We suggest that this can only be achieved by considering all the relevant factors in a systematic manner. Some of these factors include the role of information technology in business process change as enabler and implementers, human and organisational factors related to, for example, resistance to change or motivation of teams involved in BPR, and the importance of using dynamic modelling techniques to develop models of processes prior to their change. Some of the current areas of our research are summarised and described in Fig. 1 .Experiences from other similar organisations that under took BPR, investigating cases of BPR success and failure and learning lessons from other BPR projects represent another important area to be considered.Additional factors that are vitally important to BPR projects are the human aspects. These factors could determine how the resistance to change could bereduced and how teams involved in BPR projects could be better motivated which eventually leads to better performance within the team and better results for the BPR project.The role of information technology as a BPR enabler or implementer is another important area that is being investigated by the members of REBUS. It has been perceived that knowledge management is becoming increasingly important for organisations. Capturing tacit knowledge and disseminating it among employees has significant impact on business processes, organisational culture and general performance of a company. This is one of the new areas being researched within the centre.Other research areas being investigated include: the study of interorganisational system stakeholders and the role of stakeholders in BPR (Pouloudi and Whitley 1997), business process modelling, information systems-enabled change management (Giaglis et al 1999a), the success and failure of business re-engineering in developing and industrial countries, the coherence of business process changes and information technology (Choudrie et al 1998) and management innovation and change panaceas (Currie and Hlupic 2000).Stakeholders have their own interests, and by committing themselves to the team these can be reconciled. For instance, a case team could consist of technicians, managers or consultants, each having experience and knowledge of different areas of expertise. Different areas can thus be reconciled by bringing them together as a team, and in doing so enabling them to work towards a common goal.中文翻译业务流程变化：方法学的研究，技术和工具第1章：引言1.1基本原理TQM和BPR在过去的二十年中，国内竞争和全球化有受到威胁的增长，盈利能力及许多企业和组织的生存一般。
工业工程专业英语PPT课件
by physical labor: a person with hand tools used craft skills to make objects. by machinery: it has played an increasing role.
9
Modern era of engineering
Beginning in 1750 ,Engineering schools appeared in France in the eighteenth century.
The term civil engineer was first used in 1750 military engineering civil engineering mechanical engineering: steam engine electrical science:electricity and magnetism
7
Science
Science is concerned with the quest for basic knowledge.
e.g.:Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Social science (Behavior science, psychology,
5
Original of Industrial Engineering
Engineering Science Industry
6
Engineering
Engineering is concerned with the application of scientific knowledge to the solution of problems and to the quest for a “better life.”
工业工程专业英语 第一章 引言介绍
Understanding the definition of IE
Industrial: any organization integrated systems: a factory, a city specialized knowledge: mechanical, physical,
and social sciences, the principles and methods of engineering analysis Objectives: to specify, predict, and evaluate, the results to be obtained from such systems
Charles Babbage (1792-1871) British mathematician and inventor of an analytical machine based on principles similar to those used in modern digital computers. Division of labor, labor relations
Origin and Definition of Industrial Engineering
Manufacturing Services Origin of IE Definition of IE
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is defined as making of articles by physical labor or machinery,
Understanding the definition of IE
Discipline character: Engineering tech. Research object: systems (macro/micro) Theory & methods: mathematics, natural
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Unit 1 Introduction to IE Origin and Definition of Industrial Engineering
1. Manufacturing 2. Services 3. Origin of IE 4. Definition of IE
1.Manufacturing
Unit 2 History of IE Unit 3 Academic Disciplines of IE Unit 4 Development of IE
教学要求：
了解工业工程的角色，工业工程毕业生的需求，学习本书的目的，掌握 工业工程的定义。 了解工业工程设计的学科，工业工程的发展。 了解美国工业工程专业在学科中的地位与中国的不同。
3. Original of Industrial Engineering
A. Engineering B. Science C. Industry
A. Engineering
Engineering is concerned with the application of scientific knowledge to the solution of problems and to the quest for a “better life.”
4. Definition of Industrial Engineering
Industrial engineering is concerned with the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment, and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mechanical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict, and evaluate, the results to be obtained from such systems
by machinery: it has played an increasing role. on a large scale: with the mass production
2.Services
Health-care delivery systems Transportation systems Governments Banks Departments and supermarkets
electricity: 电、电学、电流、电气
thermal process:热处理
manipulate:处理，使用，操纵
variable:变量
Pythagorean theorem:勾股定理
hypotenuse:斜边（hypothesis:假设） lag:落后，延迟 impede：妨碍，阻止 civil engineering：土木工程 military：军事的 fortification：防御工事 mechanical engineering：机械工程 steam engine:蒸汽机 culminate:达到顶点 electrical engineering：电气工程 magnetism：磁学 static electricity:静电学 carbon-filament:钨丝 transmission:传送 transportation:运输 transformation ：转换 fuel：燃料 dye：染料 lubricant：润滑剂 internal combustion engine：内燃机 artificial material：人工材料 assiduity：勤奋、刻苦 interchangeability:互换性 specialization: 专业化 standardization: 标准化 institute of industrial engineers：工业工程师 学会(IIE) physical science：自然科学（natural science ） productive：有生产价值的、多产的 cost-effective：有成本效益的、划算的
Understanding the definition of IE(2)
Discipline character: Engineering tech. Research object: systems (macro/micro) Theory & methods: mathematics, natural sciences
② Industrial engineering is concerned with the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, information, equipment, and energy. It draws upon specialized knowledge and skill in the mathematical, physical, and social sciences together with the principles and methods of engineering analysis and design to specify, predict, and evaluate, the results to be obtained from such systems.
Nuclear Computer Astronautical
Agricultural/Ocean
B. Science
Science is concerned with the quest for basic knowledge.
e.g.:Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Social science (Behavior science, psychology, philosophy, sociology)
本章共两次作业（作业1，作业2）
本章专业词汇
industrial engineering:工业工程
manufacturing industry:制造业
production system：生产系统
service system:服务系统
efficiency:效率
effectiveness:效果
curricula: 课程 (or curriculum)
economic and knowledge-based era:知识经
济时代
specialty:专业
feedback：反馈
hand in hand :合作
inclined plane:斜面
corkscrew: 螺丝刀
simple lever:单杠杆
friction: 摩擦
molecular:分子的
工业工程专业英语chapter1
Chapter1 Introduction to Industrial Engineering
计划学时：4学时 教学内容：
3学时，精读，逐句翻译，掌握专业词汇 Unit 1 Introduction to IE
1学时，泛读，了解文章大意，掌握专业词汇，翻 译重点语句
Modern era of engineering
Beginning in 1750 ,Engineering schools appeared in France in the eighteenth century.
The term civil engineer was first used in 1750 military engineering civil engineering mechanical engineering: steam engine electrical science:electricity and magnetism
and social sciences Objectives & tasks: effectiveness & efficiency
作业1：
1. 重点语句翻译（把下列语句翻译成中文）
① Industrial engineering (IE) is emerging as one of the classic and novel professions that will be counted for solving complex and systematic problems in the highly technological world of today.
Engineering and Science
Engineering and science have developed in a parallel, complementary fashion, although not always at the same pace. Obviously, knowledge cannot be applied until it is discovered, and once discovered, it will soon be put to use. In its efforts to solve problems, engineering provides feedback to science in areas where new knowledge is needed. Thus, science and engineering work hand in hand.