最新考研英语阅读习题及答案
2024考研英语一真题答案及解析
2024考研英语一真题答案及解析SectionⅠUse of EnglishThere’s nothing more welcoming than a door opening for you.1the need to be touched to open or close,automatic doors are essential in2disabled access to buildings,facilitating hygiene in required areas and helping provide general3to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in1960after being invented six years4by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitt.They5as a novelty feature,but as their use has grown their6have extended within our technologically advanced world.Particularly7in busy locations or during times of emergency,the doors8crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in peoples’way.They give us one less thing to tackle during daily life and the occasional quick escape.9making access both in and out of buildings easier for people,the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area10by them.Automatic doors often open to the side,with the panels sliding across one another.Replacing swing doors,these11smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without the need to12the way for a large,protruding door.There are many different types of automatic door,with each13specific signals to tell them when to open.14these methods differ,the main15remain the same.Each automatic door system16the light,sound,weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open.Sensor types are chosen to17the different environmentsthey are needed in.18,a busy street might not19a motion-sensored door,as it would constantly be opening for passers-by.A pressure-sensitive mat would be more 20to limit the surveyed area.1.A.Through B.Despite C.Besides D.Without2.A.revealing B.demanding C.improving D.tracing3.A.experience B.convenience C.guidance D.reference4.A.previously B.temporarily C.successively D.eventually5.A.held on B.started out C.settled down D.went by6.A.relations B.volumes C.benefits D.sourceseful B.simple C.flexible D.stable8.A.call for B.yield to C.insist on D.act as9.A.As well as B.In terms of C.Thanks to D.Rather than10.A.connected B.shared C.represented D.occupied11.A.allow B.expect C.require D.direct12.A.adopt B.lead C.clear D.change13.A.adapting to B.deriving from C.relying on D.pointing at14.A.Once B.Since C.Unless D.Although15.A.records B.positions C.principles D.reasons16.A.controls B.analyses C.processes D.mixes17.A.decorate pare C.protect plement18.A.In conclusion B.By contrast C.For example D.Above all19.A.identify B.suit C.secure D.include20.A.appropriate B.obvious C.impressive D.delicate【1】D解析：空格后的短语意为“需要触摸才能打开或关闭”。
2023考研英语阅读理解参考答案
2023考研英语阅读理解参考答案(Banned at the Chelsea Flower Show, plastic grass isgrowing out of favour)21.The RHS thinks that plastic grassA.is harmful to the environment22. The petitions mentioned in Paragraph 3 reveal thecampaignersB. resistance to fake grass use23. In Paragraph 4, supporters of fake grass pointoutB. the disadvantages of growing real grass24. What would the government do with regard to artificialgrass?C. Remind its users to obey existing rules25. It can be learned from the text that fake grassD. has been a controversial product(lt's easy to dismiss as absurd the federal government'sideas)26.What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?D.poorly maintained infrastructure27. Increased privatization of the campgrounds mayA. spoil visitor experience28. According to paragraph 5 most respondents in thesurvey would agree to pay extra for the national parks29.The national parks are valuable in that they.B.have historical significance30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park systemD. is in need of a funding increase(The Internet may be changing merely what weremember)31.Sparrow's study shows that with the Internet, the human brain willC.switch its focus of memory32. The process of “cognitive offloading'D. lessens our memory burdens33. Which of the following would Sparrow support aboutthe Internet?A. It may reform our learning approach34. It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that how the Internet affects our brainsA.requires further academic research35. NeitherSparrow norStorm would agree thatB. the Internet is weakening our memory(Teenage Rebels with a Cause)36. According to Paragraph 1, children growing intoadolescencetend toA. develop opposite personality traits37. It can be learned from Paragraph 2 that Crone'sstudyC. provides a new insight into adolescence38. What does Crone's study find about prosocialbehavior?D.It tends to peak in adolescence39. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that teenagersB.care a lot about social recognition40. What is the text mainly about?A. Why teenagers are self-contradictory41.[D] The new rules will take home prices to an even higher level.42.[F] The new rules will affect people whose homeextensions include new windows or doors.43.[B] Builders possibly need to submit new estimates of their projects.43.[B] Builders possibly need to submit new estimates oftheir projects.44.[A] The rise of home prices is a temporary matter.45.[G] The rule changes will benefit homeowners eventually.。
2023年考研英语真题及解析
1.[A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased2.[A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare3.[A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against4.[A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately5.[A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence6.[A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk7.[A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects8.[A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question9.[A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating10.[A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total11.[A] unconsciously[B] disproportionately[C] indefinitely[D] unaccountably12.[A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers13.[A] affirm [B] witness [C] observe [D] approve14.[A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile15.[A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down16.[A] assessing [B] supervising [C] administering [D] valuing17.[A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D] instrument18.[A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined19.[A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed20.[A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuousSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responsesbecame equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress.Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt.I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experienc e demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.21. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?[A] Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.[B] Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.[C] Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.[D] Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22. Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women .[A] need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress[B] have limited capacity for tolerating stress[C] are more capable of avoiding stress[D] are exposed to more stress23. According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be .[A] domestic and temporary[B] irregular and violent[C] durable and frequent[D] trivial and random24. The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 5, Para. 5) shows that .[A] Alvarez cared about nothing but making money[B] Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expense s[C] Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs[D] Alvarez paid practically everything by check25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Strain of Stress: No Way Out?[B] Response to Stress: Gender Difference[C] Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say?[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under StressText 2It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove t he author’s names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept thepaper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.No longer. The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money fromgovernment–funded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (orhis employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybridsof these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.26. In the first paragraph, the author discusses .[A] the background information of journal editing[B] the publication routine of laboratory reports[C] the relations of authors with journal publishers[D] the traditional process of journal publication27. Which of the following is true of the OECD report?[A] It criticizes government-funded research.[B] It introduces an effective means of publication.[C] It upsets profit-making journal publishers.[D] It benefits scientific research considerably.28. According to the text, online publication is significant in that .[A] it provides an easier access to scientific results[B] it brings huge profits to scientific researchers[C] it emphasizes the crucial role of scientific knowledge[D] it facilitates public investment in scientific research29. With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to .[A] cover the cost of its publication[B] subscribe to the journal publishing it[C] allow other online journals to use it freely[D] complete the peer-review before submission30. Which of the following best summarizes the text?[A] The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.[B] A new mode of publication is emerging.[C] Authors welcome the new channel for publication.[D] Publication is rendered easily by online service.Text 3In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of the only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches ta ller now than 140 years ago, today’s people—especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations—apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.And they aren’t likely to get any taller. “In the general population today, at t his genetic, environmental level, we’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,” says anthropologist WilliamCameron Chumlea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients—notably, protein—to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height—5'9" for men, 5'4" for women—hasn’t really changed since 1960.Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.Genetic maximums can change, but don’t expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, “you could use today's data and feel fairly confident.”31. Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to .[A] illustrate the change of height of NBA players[B] show the popularity of NBA players in the U.S.[C] compare different generations of NBA players[D] assess the achievements of famous NBA players32. Which of the following plays a key role in body growth according to the text?[A] Genetic modification.[B] Natural environment.[C] Living standards.[D] Daily exercise.33. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?[A] Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.[B] Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.[C] Americans are the tallest on average in the world.[D] Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.34. We learn from the last paragraph that in the near future .[A] the garment industry will reconsider the uniform size[B] the design of military uniforms will remain unchanged[C] genetic testing will be employed in selecting sportsmen[D] the existing data of human height will still be applicable35. The text intends to tell us that .[A] the change of human height follows a cyclic pattern[B] human height is becoming even more predictable[C] Americans have reached their genetic growth limit[D] the genetic pattern of Americans has alteredText 4In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw—having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.That’s a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books. But recently,many historians have begun to focus on the role slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significant, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong—and yet most did little to fight it.More than anything, the historians say, the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank account,” says Wiencek, auth or of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states.Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children—though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravary of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.36. George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned to .[A] show the primitive medical practice in the past.[B] demonstrate the cruelty of slavery in his days.[C] stress the role of slaves in the U.S. history.[D] reveal some unknown aspect of his life.37. We may infer from the second paragraph that .[A] DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.[B] in its early days the U.S. was confronted with delicate situations.[C] historians deliberately made up some stories of Jefferson’s life.[D] political compromises are easily found throughout the U.S. history.38. What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson?[A] His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.[B] His status as a father made him free the child slaves.[C] His attitude towards slavery was complex.[D] His affair with a slave stained his prestige.39. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.[B] Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.[C] Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.[D] Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.40. Washington’s decision to free slaves originated from his .[A] moral considerations.[B] military experience.[C] financial conditions.[D] political stand.Part BDirections:In the following text, some segments have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each ofthe numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. (41)_______________.Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. (42) _______________. Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.(43) _______________. Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on either side.If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing. (44) _______________. These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessa ry to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote “The A&P as a Stateof Mind” wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45) _______________.Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times—and then again—working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences andcorrections. Write on only one side of the paper.[B] After you have already and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’s probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.[C] It’s worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrible, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.[D] It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.[E] Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that d escribed Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” he enforces.[F] In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in “A&P” the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring t o his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.[G] By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)In his autobiography，Darwin himself speaks of his intellectualpowers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (46)he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his ownPart A51. Directions:You have just come back from Canada and found a music CDin your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to1) make an apology, and2) suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2023年全国硕士硕士招生考试英语（一）答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章总体分析这是一篇议论文。
考研英语最新试题及答案
考研英语最新试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育对于个人发展至关重要。
B. 技术进步是社会发展的主要驱动力。
C. 环境保护比经济发展更重要。
D. 政治稳定是经济增长的前提条件。
答案：A2. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”指的是什么？A. 以牺牲环境为代价的经济增长。
B. 以可持续发展为核心的经济模式。
C. 以减少资源消耗为目的的经济活动。
D. 以提高能源效率为核心的经济体系。
答案：B3. 作者认为解决环境问题的关键是什么？A. 政府的监管和干预。
B. 公众的环保意识。
C. 企业的社会责任。
D. 国际合作与交流。
答案：B4. 文章中提到的“循环经济”是如何定义的？A. 一种依赖于自然资源的经济模式。
B. 一种依赖于可再生资源的经济模式。
C. 一种依赖于资源循环利用的经济模式。
D. 一种依赖于资源消耗的经济模式。
答案：C5. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者对未来经济发展的预测？A. 经济发展将导致环境恶化。
B. 经济发展将促进环境保护。
C. 环境保护将阻碍经济发展。
D. 经济发展与环境保护将相互独立。
答案：B二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The world is facing a severe water shortage. It is estimated that by 2030, the demand for water will exceed the supply by a significant margin. This situation is particularly 6._______ in regions where water resources are limited.6. A. alarmingB. amusingC. annoyingD. appealing答案：A7. To address this issue, many countries have implemented water-saving measures, such as 7. _______ water prices and promoting water-saving technologies.7. A. increasingB. decreasingC. freezingD. stabilizing答案：A8. However, these measures alone are not enough. A more comprehensive approach is needed to 8. _______ the problem.8. A. tackleB. avoidC. ignoreD. postpone答案：A9. One possible solution is to invest in 9. _______ technologies that can recycle and purify wastewater.9. A. innovativeB. traditionalC. obsoleteD. experimental答案：A10. Additionally, public awareness campaigns should be launched to educate people about the importance of 10._______ water.10. A. conservingB. wastingC. consumingD. desalinating答案：A三、翻译（共20分，每题5分）1. 随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖于智能手机。
2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)试卷与参考答案
2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)复习试卷与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Part A: Cloze TestRead the following passage and choose the best word for each blank from the options given below. There are twenty blanks in the passage. Each blank has four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.The rise of the Internet has 1 a significant impact on the way people 2 information. With just a few clicks, one can access a vast array of resources and 3 from around the world. However, this 4 in information access has also brought about challenges. Here is a story that illustrates the complexities of our digital age.In a small town, a young girl named Lily was 5 her studies. She was particularly 6 in learning about the world beyond her village. One day, while browsing the Internet, she stumbled upon an article about climate change. The article 7 her curiosity and she began to research further.Lily found a website that offered a variety of 8 on environmental issues. She spent hours reading about the effects of global warming and the importanceof sustainable practices. As she learned more, she felt 9 to make a difference in her community.10, Lily organized a local clean-up drive. She 11 her friends and neighbors to join her, and together they collected trash and cleaned up the local park. The event received 12 from the community, and it inspired others to take action.Despite the positive outcome, Lily realized that there was still much work to be done. She 13 to join a local environmental group to 14 her knowledge and skills. The group organized workshops and community outreach programs to educate people about environmental issues.As Lily continued her journey, she 15 that technology could be a double-edged sword. While it provided access to information, it also 16 distractions and could lead to 17 attention spans. She learned to balance her use of the Internet with other activities and discovered that 18 the right balance was crucial.One day, while 19 the news, Lily read about a global initiative to reduce plastic waste. She 20 the opportunity to participate and reached out to her environmental group. Together, they organized a campaign to promote the use of reusable bags and educate people about the impact of single-use plastics.1.A. A. resulted inB. B. contributed toC. C. led toD. D. caused2.A. gatherB. B. acquireC. C. searchD. D. seek3.A. experiencesB. B. perspectivesC. C. knowledgeD. D. insights4.A. increaseB. B. expansionC. C. surgeD. D. boost5.A. dedicated herself toB. B. immersed herself inC. C. focused onD. D. involved herself in6.A. enthusiastic aboutB. B. fascinated byC. C. interested inD. D. excited about7.A. sparkedB. B. ignitedC. C. arousedD. D. stimulated8.A. articlesB. B. resourcesC. C. materialsD. D. publications9.A. motivatedB. B. determinedC. C. inspiredD. D. encouraged10.A. SubsequentlyB. B. ConsequentlyC. C. EventuallyD. D. Immediately11.A. invitedB. B. encouragedC. C. persuadeD. D. asked12.A. supportB. B. recognitionC. C. enthusiasmD. D. appreciation13.A. decidedB. B. volunteeredC. C. attemptedD. D. agreed14.A. enhanceB. B. expandC. C. improveD. D. develop15.A. recognizedB. B. realizedC. C. acknowledgedD. D. admitted16.A. offeredB. B. providedC. C. causedD. D. resulted in17.A. shorterB. B. briefC. C. conciseD. D. limited18.A. findingB. B. maintainingC. C. achievingD. D. striking19.A. watchingB. B. listening toC. C. readingD. D. scanning20.A. seizedB. B. grabbedC. C. tookD. D. embracedAnswers:1.A. resulted in2.B. acquire3.C. knowledge4.C. surge5.A. dedicated herself to6.B. fascinated by7.A. sparked8.B. resources9.C. inspired10.C. Eventually11.A. invited12.B. recognition13.B. volunteered14.A. enhance15.B. realized16.C. caused17.A. shorter18.D. striking19.C. reading20.D. embraced二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:The Role of Technology in EducationEducation has always been a fundamental factor for societal development. However, with the rapid advancement of technology, it’s becoming increasingly clear that traditional methods of teaching are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of today’s digital natives. The integration of technology into education is not just about equipping students with computer skills; it’s also about transforming the way we teach and learn.One of the most significant benefits of technology in education is its ability to personalize learning experiences. Adaptive learning software cantailor educational content to the specific needs of each student, ensuring that every learner gets the support they require. Furthermore, online platforms provide access to a wealth of information and resources that would otherwise be unavailable to many students, particularly those in remote or underprivileged areas.However, critics argue that an over-reliance on technology might lead to a loss of essential human interaction and the development of social skills. There is also concern about the potential for increased screen time to have negative effects on children’s health and well-being. Despite these concerns, proponents of educational technology believe that if used correctly, it can enhance rather than detract from the educational experience.As technology continues to evolve, so must our approach to education. It is clear that there is a need for a balanced integration of traditional teaching methods with modern technological tools. Only by embracing this hybrid model can we ensure that future generations are adequately prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.Questions:1、What is the main argument presented in the passage regarding technology in education?A)Technology should replace traditional teaching methods.B)Technology should complement traditional teaching methods.C)Technology is detrimental to the educational process.D)Technology has no place in the classroom.Answer: B) Technology should complement traditional teaching methods.2、According to the passage, what is one of the advantages of using technology in education?A)It increases the amount of homework students receive.B)It personalizes learning experiences for individual students.C)It makes traditional teaching methods obsolete.D)It decreases the need for teachers in the classroom.Answer: B) It personalizes learning experiences for individual students.3、What concern does the passage mention regarding the use of technology in education?A)It may cause a decrease in the use of textbooks.B)It might result in a lack of social interaction among students.C)It could lead to an increase in physical activity among students.D)It ensures that all students have equal access to information.Answer: B) It might result in a lack of social interaction among students.4、How does the passage suggest that technology affects access to information?A)It limits access to information only to those who can afford it.B)It provides broader access to information for students in remote areas.C)It restricts the types of information available to students.D)It has no impact on how students access information.Answer: B) It provides broader access to information for students in remote areas.5、What does the passage imply about preparing future generations?A)They should rely solely on technology for learning.B)They should reject modern educational tools in favor of traditional ones.C)They should be taught using a combination of traditional and modern methods.D)They should focus exclusively on developing social skills without technology.Answer: C) They should be taught using a combination of traditional and modern methods.第二题Reading PassageIn the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes in the way people lived and worked. This period of rapid industrialization led to the development of factories, the mass production of goods, and a shift from an agrarian society to an urban one. The following article discusses the impact of the Industrial Revolution on society and the environment.The Impact of the Industrial RevolutionThe Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, was a period of profound economic and social change in Europe and North America. It was marked by the transition from hand production methods to machines, and by the introduction of new chemical, iron, steel, and coal industries. This transition had a profound impact on the lives of people, and it brought about both positive and negative consequences.One of the most significant impacts of the Industrial Revolution was the urbanization of society. As factories were built in cities, people moved fromrural areas to urban centers in search of work. This led to the growth of cities and the creation of slums, where many workers lived in poor conditions. The overcrowded and unsanitary conditions in these areas contributed to the spread of diseases such as cholera and tuberculosis.Another consequence of the Industrial Revolution was the degradation of the environment. The burning of coal and the release of pollutants into the air and water led to air and water pollution, which had serious health implications for people and animals. The deforestation and soil erosion that resulted from the expansion of industrial activities also had a detrimental effect on the natural landscape.Despite these negative impacts, the Industrial Revolution also brought about many positive changes. The mass production of goods led to a significant increase in the standard of living for many people. The development of new technologies, such as the steam engine and the telegraph, improved communication and transportation, making the world a smaller place. Additionally, the Industrial Revolution led to the rise of the middle class, which had a profound impact on social and political structures.Questions:1、What was one of the most significant impacts of the Industrial Revolution on society?A. The decline of agricultureB. The urbanization of societyC. The decrease in populationD. The increase in unemployment2、Why did people move to urban centers during the Industrial Revolution?A. To pursue higher educationB. To enjoy the culture of the citiesC. To seek better job opportunitiesD. To avoid the diseases prevalent in rural areas3、What was a negative consequence of the Industrial Revolution on the environment?A. The increase in agricultural productivityB. The improvement of air qualityC. The reduction of deforestationD. The decline in water pollution4、How did the Industrial Revolution affect the standard of living for many people?A. It led to a decrease in living standardsB. It resulted in a significant increase in living standardsC. It had no significant impact on living standardsD. It caused a mixed impact on living standards5、What was one of the social and political impacts of the Industrial Revolution?A. The strengthening of the monarchyB. The rise of the middle classC. The fall of the aristocracyD. The abolition of slaveryAnswers:1、B2、C3、D4、B5、B第三题Once upon a time, in a small village nestled between rolling hills, there lived an old man named Mr. Brown. Mr. Brown was a kind-hearted and wise man, known throughout the village for his stories and his ability to solve problems with a unique perspective. The villagers would often gather at his house after the day’s work to listen to his tales, which were always filled with lessons and moral values.One evening, a young man named Tom approached Mr. Brown. Tom had heard about Mr. Brown’s wisdom and sought his advic e on a difficult situation. Tom was facing a choice between a lucrative job offer in a big city and staying close to his family and friends in the village.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The beauty of the villageB. The wisdom of Mr. BrownC. The challenges of modern lifeD. The importance of family2、Why did Tom go to see Mr. Brown?A. To ask for help with his studiesB. To discuss the village’s problemsC. To seek advice on a difficult decisionD. To compete with Mr. Brown in a storytelling contest3、What was the young man’s main dilemma?A. Whether to move to the city or stay in the villageB. How to become a successful businessmanC. What to do with his old houseD. How to improve the village’s economy4、What is the purpose of Mr. Brown’s stories in the passage?A. To entertain the villagersB. To teach moral values and lessonsC. To promote tourism in the villageD. To showcase his own wisdom5、According to the passage, what does Mr. Brown represent to the villagers?A. A source of entertainmentB. A mentor and counselorC. A competitor in storytellingD. A symbol of wealth and powerAnswers:1、B2、C3、A4、B5、B第四题Passage:In recent years, the rise of e-books has sparked a debate about the future of traditional books. While many argue that e-books will eventually replace printed books, others believe that the traditional book format will continue to thrive. This article explores the arguments on both sides and examines the potential impact of e-books on the publishing industry.1.The article mentions that the debate over e-books versus traditional books is a topic of great concern. What is the main reason for this debate?A. The declining sales of printed booksB. The increasing popularity of e-readersC. The potential impact on the publishing industryD. The environmental concerns of paper usage2.The passage states that some people believe e-books will eventually replace printed books. What is the primary reason for this belief?A. The convenience of e-booksB. The lower cost of e-booksC. The environmental benefits of e-booksD. The potential for interactive content in e-books3.According to the article, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential disadvantage of e-books?A. The lack of tactile experienceB. The potential for screen fatigueC. The ease of copying and distributing contentD. The limited availability of e-books in some regions4.The article discusses the role of traditional books in the education system. What does the author suggest about the importance of physical books in education?A. They are becoming less importantB. They are essential for learningC. They are being replaced by digital resourcesD. They are being ignored by modern students5.The author concludes the article by discussing the future of the publishing industry. What does the author imply about the industry’s ability to adapt to the rise of e-books?A. The industry will struggle to adaptB. The industry will thrive regardless of e-booksC. The industry will adapt and evolveD. The industry will disappear due to e-booksAnswers:1.C2.A3.C4.B5.C三、阅读理解新题型（10分）Passage:The rise of e-commerce has transformed the way we shop and conduct business. Online shopping has become increasingly popular due to its convenience, variety, and competitive prices. As a result, traditional brick-and-mortar stores are facing stiff competition and are forced to adapt to the digital world. This essay explores the impact of e-commerce on the retail industry and discusses the challenges and opportunities it presents.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of online shoppingB) The decline of traditional storesC) The impact of e-commerce on the retail industryD) The challenges faced by brick-and-mortar stores2.According to the passage, why is online shopping becoming more popular?A) It is more expensive than shopping in physical stores.B) It is only available during specific hours.C) It offers a wider variety of products.D) It requires customers to physically visit a store.3.What is the main challenge that traditional stores are facing?A) The lack of competitive prices.B) The limited selection of products.C) The stiff competition from e-commerce.D) The difficulty in adapting to digital technology.4.The passage suggests that traditional stores need to do what in order to survive?A) Offer the lowest prices.B) Close their physical locations.C) Embrace e-commerce and digital technology.D) Focus solely on online sales.5.How does the passage conclude the impact of e-commerce on the retail industry?A) E-commerce will eventually replace all traditional stores.B) Traditional stores will need to adapt to e-commerce or risk extinction.C) The impact of e-commerce on the retail industry is negligible.D) E-commerce will only benefit large corporations and not small businesses.Answers:1.C) The impact of e-commerce on the retail industry2.C) It offers a wider variety of products.3.C) The stiff competition from e-commerce.4.C) Embrace e-commerce and digital technology.5.B) Traditional stores will need to adapt to e-commerce or risk extinction.四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题Translate the following paragraph into English.中文段落：研究生考试是许多中国学生梦寐以求的机会，它不仅为他们提供了一个深造和提升自身能力的机会，而且也是实现个人职业目标的重要途径。
2023年考研英语阅读理解练习及答案
2023年考研英语阅读理解练习及答案Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity, for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on their cooks sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became incredibly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success untilthey met Ray Kroc. Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milk shake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise(特许经营)other copies of their restaurants. The agreement struck included the right to duplicate the menu. The equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches(拱门).Today McDonalds is really a household name. Its names for itssandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to order fifteen-cent hamburgers. In 1976, McDonalds had over $ 1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.1. This passage mainly talks about .A) the development of fast food servicesB) how McDonalds became a billion-dollar businessC) the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonaldD) Ray Krocs business talent2. Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except .A) a drive-inB) a cinemaC) a theaterD) a barbecue restaurant3. We may infer from this passage that .A)Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to KrocB)The location the McDonalds chose was the only source of thegreat popularity of their drive-inC)Forty years ago there were numerous fast-food restaurantsD) Ray Kroc was a good businessman4. The passage suggests that .A) creativity is an important element of business successB) Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothersC) Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray KrocD) California is the best place to go into business5. As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the worduniquemeans .A)specialB)financialC )attractiveD)peculiar1.C2.B3.D4.A5.D【2023年考研英语阅读理解练习及答案】。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析：Text 3If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones，the biggest book retailer in the UK, in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench, you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit; the same may be true of The President's Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson. Both of these books are published next week by Penguin Random House, a company currently involved in a stand-off with Waterstones.The problem began late last year, when Penguin Random House confirmed that it had introduced a credit limit with Waterstones “at a very significant level”. The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables, display spaces and windows, and were “quietly retiring them to their relevant sections”.PRH declined to comment on the issue, but a spokesperson for Waterstones told me: “Waterstones are currently operating with reduced credit terms from PRH, the only publisher in the UK to place any limitations on our ability to trade. We are not boycotting PRH titles but we are doing our utmost to ensure that availability for customers remains good despite the lower overall levels of stock. We are hopeful with our shops now open again that normality will return and that we will be allowed to buy appropriately. Certainly, our shops are exceptionally busy and book sales are very strong. The sales for our May Books of the Month surpassed any month since 2018.”In the meantime, PRH authors have been the losers. Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit, but it’s those mid-list authors, who normally rely on Waterstones staff’s passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers, who will be praying for an end to the dispute.It comes at a time when authors are already worried about the consequences of the proposed merger between PRH and another big publisher, Simon & Schuster - the reduction in the number of unaligned UK publishers is likely to lead to fewer bidding wars, lower advances, and more conformity in terms of what is published.“This is all part of a wider change towards concentration of power and cartels. Literary agencies are getting bigger to have the clout to negotiate better terms with publishers, publishers consolidating to deal with Amazon,” says Lownie. “The publishing industry talks about diversity in terms of authors and staff but it also needs a plurality of ways of delivering intellectual contact, choice and different voices. After all, many of the most interesting books in recent years have come from small publishers.”We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty of the current need among publishers to be big enough to take on all-comers.31. The author mentions two books in Paragraph 1 to present ______.[A] an ongoing conflict[B] an intellectual concept[C] a prevailing sentiment[D] a literary phenomenon32. Why did Waterstones shops retire PRH books to their relevant section?[A] to make them easily noticeable[B] to comply with PRH’s requirement[C] to respond to PRH’s business move[D] to arrange them in a systematic way33. What message does the spokesperson for Waterstones seem to convey?[A] Their customer remain loyal.[B] The credit limit will be removed.[C] Their stock is underestimated.[D] The book market is rather slack.34. What can be one consequence of the current dispute?[A] Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerably.[B] Lesser-known PRH writers become the target of criticism.[C] Waterstones staff hesitate to promote big-name author’s book.[D] Waterstones branches suffer a severe reduction in revenue.35. Which of the following statements best represents Lownie’s view?[A] Small publishers ought to stick together.[B] Big publishers will lose their dominance.[C] The publishing industry is having a hard time.[D] The merger of publishers is a worrying trend.答案解析：31.【答案】[A] an ongoing conflict【解析】本题为例证题。
2024年研究生考试考研英语(二204)试题与参考答案
2024年研究生考试考研英语(二204)复习试题与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Section A: Reading Comprehension (Part A: Multiple Choice Questions)In this section, there is a passage with 20 blanks. For each blank in the passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.The world of fashion is an ever-changing landscape, where trends come and go with the speed of light. The following passage explores the dynamics of this dynamic industry.Fashion designers often work under immense pressure to keep up with the latest trends. The competition to create unique and eye-catching designs is fierce. (1)________, they are expected to produce new collections every few months, which can be quite a challenge.1.A. Despite this high demandB. Because of this high demandC. However, this high demandD. In order to meet this high demandFashion weeks, held in major cities around the world, are where new trendsare showcased to the public. (2)________, these events are a mix of glamour and chaos, attracting thousands of fashion enthusiasts and industry professionals.2.A. ConsequentlyB. MoreoverC. HoweverD. NeverthelessDesigners must be aware of the cultural and social contexts of their audiences to create designs that resonate. (3)________, understanding consumer behavior is crucial in the fashion industry.3.A. FurthermoreB. In contrastC. MoreoverD. NonethelessThe process of creating a new collection is both creative and logistical. First, designers brainstorm ideas and sketch their concepts. (4)________, they need to source fabrics, materials, and accessories.4.A. NextB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Moreover(5)________, designers must also consider the sustainability and ethical aspects of their work.B. ConsequentlyC. HoweverD. MoreoverOnce the collection is complete, it is presented to buyers, who decide whether to purchase the designs for their stores. (6)________, this stage is critical to a designer’s success.6.A. As a resultB. MoreoverC. HoweverD. ConsequentlyFashion is not just about clothing; it is a reflection of personal style and identity. (7)________, it can also be a powerful statement about social issues and causes.7.A. AlthoughB. HoweverC. MoreoverD. FurthermoreThe impact of social media on the fashion industry cannot be overstated. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok have given designers a global audience and a direct line to consumers. (8)________, this has transformed the way fashion trends are discovered and followed.B. ConsequentlyC. HoweverD. MoreoverFashion is a global industry, but it is also deeply rooted in local cultures.(9)________, designers must balance the desire to be innovative with the need to respect and incorporate traditional elements.9.A. ConsequentlyB. MoreoverC. HoweverD. NeverthelessThe economic aspect of the fashion industry is significant, with billions of dollars spent on clothing and accessories each year. (10)________, the industry faces challenges such as overproduction and waste.10.A. AdditionallyB. ConsequentlyC. HoweverD. MoreoverAnswers:1.A2.B3.A4.A5.A6.A7.C8.A9.B10.C二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）第一题Reading PassageIn the wake of the global financial crisis, there has been a growing interest in the role of corporate governance in shaping a company’s financial performance. Corporate governance refers to the system by which businesses are directed and controlled. It in cludes the relationships between a company’s management, its board, its shareholders, and other stakeholders. The effectiveness of corporate governance has become a key issue for investors and regulators alike.The crisis exposed several weaknesses in the traditional models of corporate governance, particularly those that rely heavily on external oversight. Critics argue that such models are prone to conflicts of interest, lack transparency, and can be influenced by short-term financial pressures. In contrast, somescholars advocate for a more inclusive approach that involves a stronger role for shareholders and a focus on long-term value creation.The following passage discusses the impact of corporate governance on a company’s financial performance.PassageThe impact of corporate governance on a company’s financial performance is a topic of considerable debate. Studies have shown that well-governed companies tend to outperform their poorly governed counterparts. This is attributed to several factors. Firstly, effective governance structures ensure that decisions are made with the best interests of shareholders in mind. Secondly, strong corporate governance promotes accountability and transparency, which can enhance investor confidence. Lastly, good governance practices often lead to better risk management and strategic planning.However, the relationship between corporate governance and financial performance is complex and multifaceted. It is not always the case that better governance leads to better financial results. For instance, excessive shareholder activism can disrupt management and hinder the company’s ability to execute its business strategy. Moreover, the quality of governance can vary significantly across different industries and regions.1、What is the main focus of the passage?A. The causes of the global financial crisisB. The effectiveness of traditional corporate governance modelsC. The role of shareholders in corporate governanceD. The relationship between corporate governance and financial performance2、According to the passage, what is one factor that contributes towell-governed companies outperforming others?A. Lack of shareholder activismB. Strong corporate governance structuresC. Short-term financial pressuresD. Excessive oversight by external bodies3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to better financial performance?A. AccountabilityB. TransparencyC. Strategic planningD. Long-term financial planning4、What does the passage suggest about the relationship between corporate governance and financial performance?A. It is always a positive correlation.B. It is complex and multifaceted.C. It is influenced by shareholder activism.D. It is only relevant in well-governed companies.5、The author’s attitude towards the effectiveness of traditional corporate governance models can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. SupportiveC. IndifferentD. CriticalAnswers1、D2、B3、D4、B5、D第二题Passage:The digital age has revolutionized the way we communicate and access information. With the advent of the internet and social media, the traditional newspaper industry has faced significant challenges. One such challenge is the declining circulation of print newspapers. This essay explores the reasons behind the decline and discusses the impact it has on journalism and society.In the past, newspapers were the primary source of news and information for most people. They provided comprehensive coverage of local, national, and international events. However, the rise of the internet has changed the landscape. People now have access to news and information at their fingertips, often from sources that are not as reliable as traditional newspapers. This shifthas led to a decrease in print newspaper circulation.Several factors contribute to the decline of print newspapers. Firstly, the internet offers convenience and speed. People can get news updates in real-time, without the need to wait for the morning newspaper to arrive. Secondly, the cost of purchasing a newspaper is a significant factor. Many people find it more cost-effective to access news online for free. Lastly, the traditional newspaper format is often considered outdated by younger generations, who are more accustomed to digital media.The decline of print newspapers has had a profound impact on journalism. With reduced circulation, newspapers are facing financial difficulties, which can lead to cutbacks in staff and resources. This, in turn, can result in a loss of quality and diversity in news reporting. Additionally, the decline of print newspapers has implications for the democratic process. Informed citizens are essential for a healthy democracy, and the availability of diverse news sources is crucial for fostering an informed electorate.Despite the challenges, there is hope for the future of journalism. Many newspapers have adapted by embracing digital technologies. They are investing in online platforms and mobile applications to reach a wider audience. Some have even started experimenting with virtual reality to provide immersive news experiences. These innovations may help newspapers survive and thrive in the digital age.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of digital media over print mediaB. The challenges faced by the traditional newspaper industryC. The impact of the internet on news consumption habitsD. The future of journalism in the digital age2、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a contributing factor to the decline of print newspapers?A. The convenience and speed of the internetB. The cost of purchasing a newspaperC. The preference for digital media among younger generationsD. The quality of news reporting in print newspapers3、According to the passage, what is the potential consequence of the decline in newspaper circulation?A. An increase in the number of reliable news sources onlineB. A loss of quality and diversity in news reportingC. A more informed and engaged citizenryD. A decrease in the number of journalists4、How are newspapers adapting to the digital age according to the passage?A. By reducing their staff and resourcesB. By embracing digital technologies and online platformsC. By focusing on local news and community engagementD. By charging for access to their online content5、What is the author’s overall tone regarding the future of journalism?A. PessimisticB. OptimisticC. IndifferentD. ConfusedAnswers:1、B2、D3、B4、B5、B第三题The following is a passage from a recent article on the impact of technology on education. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.Technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and learn. In the realm of education, the integration of technology has brought about significant changes. One of the most notable advancements is the use of online learning platforms, which have become increasingly popular among students and educators alike. These platforms offer flexibility, convenience, and access to a vast array of resources. However, despite these benefits, there are concerns about the effectiveness of online learning and its impact on traditional educational methods.Online learning platforms provide students with the opportunity to study at their own pace and from the comfort of their homes. This flexibility is particularly appealing to working professionals who wish to further their education without interrupting their careers. Moreover, these platforms often feature interactive elements such as videos, quizzes, and forums, which enhance the learning experience. Educators also benefit from these tools, as they can reach a wider audience and provide personalized feedback to students.Despite the advantages, some argue that the lack of face-to-face interaction in online learning can hinder the development of crucial skills such as critical thinking and communication. Traditional classroom settings offer a dynamic environment where students can engage in discussions, ask questions, and learn from each other. Furthermore, the social aspects of education, such as teamwork and networking, are often diminished in online environments.1、What is one significant advantage of online learning platforms mentioned in the passage?2、How do online learning platforms benefit educators?3、What is a concern expressed about online learning in terms of student development?4、According to the passage, what is often diminished in online environments?5、What is the author’s overall stance on the impact of technology on education?1、The opportunity to study at one’s own pace and from the comfort of their homes.2、The ability to reach a wider audience and provide personalized feedback to students.3、The lack of face-to-face interaction can hinder the development of crucial skills such as critical thinking and communication.4）The social aspects of education, such as teamwork and networking.5）The author acknowledges the benefits of technology in education but also expresses concerns about its impact on traditional methods and student development.第四题Passage:The rise of the internet has had a profound impact on the way people communicate, access information, and conduct business. One of the most significant changes brought about by the internet is the shift from traditional, print-based media to digital, online media. This shift has been particularly noticeable in the realm of news reporting and consumption. While traditional media outlets like newspapers and magazines have been slow to adapt, the rise of online news platforms has transformed the industry.1、The first paragraph primarily discusses:A. The negative effects of the internet on traditional media.B. The impact of the internet on various aspects of human life.C. The transformation of the news industry due to the internet.D. The slow adaptation of traditional media outlets to the internet.2、The word “profound” in the first sentence is closest in meaning to:A. Temporary.B. Shallow.C. Deep.D. Irrelevant.3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a change brought about by the internet in the first paragraph?A. The way people communicate.B. The way people access information.C. The way people consume media.D. The way people write letters.4、The phrase “slow to adapt” in the second paragraph suggests that:A. Traditional media outlets have quickly embraced the internet.B. Traditional media outlets have been resistant to change.C. Traditional media outlets are the fastest-growing segment of the industry.D. Traditional media outlets have been more successful than online platforms.5、The author’s tone throughout the passage can best be described as:A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Supportive.D. Enthusiastic.Answers:1、C2、C3、D4、B5、B三、阅读理解新题型（10分）Passage:Astronomy, the study of the universe, has always been a popular field of research. With the advancement of technology, we have been able to explore the cosmos and uncover many fascinating facts about our universe. One of the most intriguing discoveries is the existence of exoplanets, or planets outside our solar system. These planets have different characteristics and environments compared to those in our solar system, which makes them a subject of great interest for scientists.Exoplanets come in various sizes and orbit their stars at different distances. Some of them are located in the habitable zone, where conditions mightallow for the existence of liquid water on their surfaces. This has sparked a hope that we might find signs of life on these distant worlds. However, the search for life on exoplanets is not an easy task, as the conditions on these planets can be extremely harsh.To study exoplanets, scientists use a variety of techniques, including the transit method, the radial velocity method, and the direct imaging method. The transit method involves observing the brightness of a star as an exoplanet passes in front of it, which can reveal the size and orbit of the planet. The radial velocity method measures the tiny wobbles of a star caused by the gravitational pull of an orbiting exoplanet, allowing scientists to estimate its mass. The direct imaging method is the most challenging but provides detailed information about the planet’s surface, atmosphere, and orbit.Despite the progress made in exoplanet research, there are still many challenges ahead. One of the challenges is the difficulty in observing exoplanets due to their immense distance from Earth. Another challenge is the limited information we have about these planets, as most of the data comes from indirect observations. However, as technology continues to improve, scientists are optimistic that we will be able to overcome these challenges and learn more about the mysterious exoplanets.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?a) The history of astronomyb) The existence of exoplanetsc) The challenges of studying exoplanetsd) The different methods used to study exoplanets2.Why are exoplanets of great interest to scientists?a) They are easier to study than planets in our solar systemb) They might contain signs of lifec) They have unique characteristics and environmentsd) They are located in the habitable zone3.According to the passage, what is the transit method used for?a) Measuring the mass of an exoplanetb) Observing the surface of an exoplanetc) Estimating the size and orbit of an exoplanetd) Measuring the wobbles of a star4.What is one of the challenges in studying exoplanets?a) The difficulty in observing them due to their distance from Earthb) The limited information we have about these planetsc) The harsh conditions on exoplanetsd) The limited technology available for studying exoplanets5.What can be concluded about the future of exoplanet research from the passage?a) It will be abandoned due to the challenges involvedb) It will be limited to indirect observations onlyc) It will continue to progress as technology improvesd) It will be focused on studying only the planets in our solar systemAnswers:1.b2.b3.c4.a5.c四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题3分，共15分）第一题Translate the following Chinese passage into English.中文段落：随着互联网技术的飞速发展，人们的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。
考研英语试题及答案解析
考研英语试题及答案解析一、阅读理解（共20分）1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the decline in the number of bees?A. The use of pesticides.B. The loss of habitat.C. The spread of disease.D. The increase in urbanization.答案：D解析：文章中提到了农药的使用、栖息地的丧失和疾病的传播是导致蜜蜂数量下降的原因，但并未提及城市化增加是导致蜜蜂数量下降的原因。
2. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To discuss the importance of bees in the ecosystem.B. To argue for the protection of bees.C. To describe the life cycle of bees.D. To explain the economic impact of bees.答案：B解析：文章主要讨论了蜜蜂数量下降的原因，并强调了保护蜜蜂的重要性，因此选项B是正确的。
3. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem of declining bee populations?A. Stricter regulations on pesticide use.B. The creation of more bee-friendly habitats.C. Increased public awareness of the issue.D. All of the above.答案：D解析：文章中提到了多种解决方案，包括更严格的农药使用规定、创造更多蜜蜂友好的栖息地和提高公众对这一问题的认识，因此选项D是正确的。
2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)试题及解答参考
2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)复习试题及解答参考一、完型填空（10分）Cloze TestDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage:The world has witnessed significant changes in communication over the past century. From handwritten letters to instant messages, technology has revolutionized how we stay connected. 1 the advent of smartphones and social media, people can now communicate almost instantly with others around the globe. However, this shift towards digital communication has not been without its 2. Critics argue that the personal touch in conversations has been lost, as face-to-face interactions have become less frequent. Moreover, privacy concerns have 3 as individuals share more personal information online.Despite these challenges, the benefits of modern communication cannot be denied. It has enabled us to form communities that transcend 4 boundaries,allowing for the exchange of ideas and support across vast distances. Businesses too have benefited from improved communication technologies, which have facilitated international trade and 5 collaboration among teams working remotely.Yet, it is important to strike a balance between embracing new technologies and maintaining traditional forms of interaction. 6, there should be an effort to educate people about the responsible use of technology to ensure that the advances we make do not come at the expense of our personal connections or 7 security. As we move forward, it will be crucial to develop technologies that enhance rather than 8 human interaction.In conclusion, while the evolution of communication has brought about many positive changes, it also presents challenges that need to be 9. By using technology wisely and preserving the value of direct human contact, we can enjoy the advantages of both the old and the new ways of 10.1.A. With B. Since C. On D. At2.A. downsides B. sides C. sides down D. down3.A. risen B. raised C. aroused D. arisen4.A. geographical B. geology C. geography D. geological5.A. enhanced B. enhance C. enhancing D. enhances6.A. Therefore B. Thus C. However D. Consequently7.A. personal B. personnel C. person D. personality8.A. detract B. detracts C. detracting D. detracted9.A. addressed B. addresses C. addressing D. address10.A. communicating B. communicated C. communicates D. communicateAnswers:1.A. With2.A. downsides3.D. arisen4.A. geographical5.A. enhanced6.A. Therefore7.A. personal8.C. detracting9.A. addressed10.A. communicating(Note: The correct answers for the remaining blanks follow the same pattern as provided above.)This exercise aims to test vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension skills, much like what could be expected in a real examination setting.二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionPassage:In a world increasingly dominated by technology, the importance ofmaintaining human connections cannot be overstated. Despite the conveniences brought about by digital advancements, face-to-face interactions remain a fundamental aspect of human society. This passage explores the impact of technology on our interpersonal relationships and argues for a balanced approach to integrating technology into our daily lives.The advent of smartphones and social media has undoubtedly changed the way we communicate. While these tools have made it easier to stay in touch over long distances, they have also led to a decrease in the quality of communication. People are more connected than ever before, yet loneliness rates continue to rise. The superficial nature of online interactions cannot replace the depth of personal connection that comes from real-life conversations.Moreover, the reliance on technology can lead to a lack of privacy and an erosion of personal boundaries. Information shared online is never truly private, and once it’s posted, it’s virtually impossible to co mpletely remove it. This constant exposure can create stress and anxiety, contributing to mental health issues.On the other hand, technology can be used to enhance our relationships when applied thoughtfully. Video calls allow us to see the faces of loved ones who live far away, making the distance seem less daunting. Online platforms can facilitate support groups and communities where people with similar interests or challenges can connect.Therefore, the key is not to abandon technology but to use it judiciously.It’s essential to recognize when it enhances our lives and when it detracts from meaningful experiences. Balancing the use of technology with genuine human interaction ensures that while we benefit from technological advances, we don’t lose the richness of human connection.Questions:1、What is the main argument presented in the passage?A. Technology should be completely abandoned.B. Face-to-face interactions are less important than online communications.C. The impact of technology on interpersonal relationships is both positive and negative.D. Social media is beneficial for all types of communication.Answer: C.2、According to the passage, what is a potential downside of increased connectivity through technology?A. Improved mental health.B. Enhanced privacy.C. Increased feelings of isolation.D. Stronger family ties.Answer: C.3、How does the author suggest technology could be beneficial for maintaining relationships?A. By replacing all face-to-face meetings with video calls.B. By providing platforms for people to connect based on common interests.C. By ensuring all information shared online remains private.D. By encouraging the use of social media at all times.Answer: B.4、What does the author imply about the use of technology in our daily lives?A. It should be avoided as it always leads to negative outcomes.B. It should be embraced without any restrictions.C. It should be used selectively to complement real-life interactions.D. It should replace traditional forms of communication entirely.Answer: C.5、Which of the following best summarizes the author’s perspective on the role of technology in society?A. Technology is inherently detrimental to society.B. Technology is a tool that should be used wisely to maintain healthy relationships.C. Technology has no significant effect on how people interact.D. Technology is solely responsible for the rise in loneliness rates.Answer: B.This completes the first question of the traditional reading comprehension section. Please note that the answers provided are hypothetical and should be considered correct within the context of this fabricated passage.第二题Passage:The rapid development of technology in the past few decades has had a profound impact on society, transforming the way we live, work, and communicate. One of the most significant advancements has been the internet, which has revolutionized the way we access information and interact with others. However, this digital revolution has also brought about challenges, such as information overload, privacy concerns, and the potential for social isolation.The internet has become an indispensable tool for researchers, educators, and students alike. It provides access to a vast array of resources, from academic journals to online courses. This ease of access to information has democratized education, allowing individuals from all walks of life to gain knowledge and skills. Moreover, the internet has facilitated global collaboration and the exchange of ideas, breaking down geographical barriers.Despite its many benefits, the internet also presents several challenges. One major concern is the overwhelming amount of information available. With so much data at our fingertips, it can be difficult to discern what is credible and relevant. Additionally, the internet has raised serious privacy issues, as personal data can be easily collected and misused. Furthermore, there is a growing concern about the potential for social isolation, as more people spend time online and less time engaging in face-to-face interactions.In the workplace, the internet has transformed the way we communicate and collaborate. Email, instant messaging, and video conferencing have made itpossible to connect with colleagues around the world in real-time. This has increased productivity and efficiency, as well as fostering a more global perspective. However, it has also led to a decrease in face-to-face communication, which can hinder team cohesion and interpersonal relationships.Questions:1、What is one significant advancement mentioned in the passage related to the internet?2、How has the internet affected education according to the passage?3、What is a major concern regarding the internet’s impact on information?4、What potential challenge is mentioned in the passage related to personal data?5、How has the internet changed workplace communication and collaboration?Answers:1、The internet.2、It has democratized education, allowing individuals from all walks of life to gain knowledge and skills.3、The overwhelming amount of information available can be difficult to discern.4、The potential for personal data to be easily collected and misused.5、The internet has made it possible to connect with colleagues around the world in real-time, increasing productivity and efficiency.第三题The following is an excerpt from an article titled “The Evolution of Smartphones” by Dr.Jane Smith.In the last decade, smartphones have revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and live our daily lives. The first smartphones were introduced in the late 1990s, but it was not until the early 2000s that they became truly popular. These early models were often bulky and limited in functionality, but they laid the foundation for the sleek, powerful devices we use today.1、The author mentions that the first smartphones were introduced in the late 1990s. What is the significance of this timing in the context of technological advancements?A. The late 1990s marked the beginning of the internet era.B. The late 1990s saw the rise of personal computers.C. The late 1990s was when the first computer viruses were discovered.D. The late 1990s was a period of economic recession.2、The article states that early smartphones were often bulky and limited in functionality. How did these limitations compare to the smartphones of today?A. Early smartphones had more features than current models.B. Early smartphones were more compact and had more advanced features.C. Early smartphones were bulkier and had fewer features than current models.D. Early smartphones had similar features to current models but weresmaller.3、The phrase “lay the foundation” in the second paragraph suggests that the early smartphones had a significant impact on the development of later devices. What does this imply about the evolution of smartphones?A. The evolution of smartphones has been slow and gradual.B. The evolution of smartphones has been rapid and transformative.C. The evolution of smartphones has been stagnant and uneventful.D. The evolution of smartphones has been inconsistent and unpredictable.4、The author uses the word “popular” to describe the smartphones of the early 2000s. What does this word imply about the adoption of smartphones during that time?A. Only a small number of people were using smartphones.B. Smartphones were widely adopted by the general public.C. Smartphones were only popular among a niche market.D. Smartphones were not used by many people until the late 2000s.5、According to the article, what has been the most significant change in smartphones over the past decade?A. The increase in screen size.B. The development of advanced cameras.C. The integration of artificial intelligence features.D. The reduction in device size.答案：1、A2、C3、B4、B5、C第四题Reading Comprehension (Traditional)TextThe rise of the digital age has transformed the way we live, work, and interact. With the advent of the Internet and the proliferation of smartphones, information is more accessible than ever before. This has led to a significant shift in how we consume media, communicate with one another, and even how we learn. In education, for instance, e-learning platforms have become increasingly popular, offering a flexible alternative to traditional classroom settings. Students can now access course materials, participate in discussions, and complete assignments from virtually anywhere.Despite the advantages, there are concerns about the impact of this digital transformation on social skills and personal interaction. Some argue that the reliance on screens for communication is leading to a decline in face-to-face interactions, which are crucial for developing empathy and understanding. Moreover, the constant bombardment of information can be overwhelming, potentially affecting mental health and the ability to concentrate on a singletask. It’s important to strike a balance between embracing the benefits of technology and maintaining meaningful human connections.On the other hand, the digital era has also opened up new opportunities for creativity and innovation. The ease of sharing ideas across the globe has sparked a wave of collaborative projects and cross-cultural exchanges. Artists, scientists, and entrepreneurs can connect and collaborate like never before, fostering an environment where novel solutions to complex problems can emerge. Additionally, the democratization of information means that knowledge is no longer confined to a select few, empowering individuals to educate themselves and contribute to society in unprecedented ways.As we continue to navigate this evolving landscape, it’s clear that the digital revolution will play a pivotal role in shaping our future. While challenges certainly exist, they are accompanied by a vast array of possibilities. Embracing these changes thoughtfully and responsibly will be key to harnessing the full potential of the digital age, ensuring that it serves to enrich rather than detract from the quality of life for all.Questions1、According to the passage, what is one of the primary impacts of the digital age on education?•A) It has made traditional classrooms obsolete.•B) It has introduced e-learning as a flexible option.•C) It has eliminated the need for teachers.•D) It has decreased the overall cost of education.•Answer: B) It has introduced e-learning as a flexible option.2、What concern does the text raise about the effects of increased screen time on individuals?•A) It improves their social skills significantly.•B) It enhances their ability to multitask.•C) It may lead to a decrease in face-to-face interactions.•D) It reduces the amount of information available.•Answer: C) It may lead to a decrease in face-to-face interactions.3、Which of the following is mentioned as a positive aspect of the digital era?•A) The simplification of complex problems.•B) The reduction in the diversity of ideas.•C) The increase in global collaboration and idea sharing.•D) The centralization of information control.•Answer: C) The increase in global collaboration and idea sharing.4、How does the passage suggest we should approach the ongoing digital transformation?•A) By rejecting technological advancements.•B) By limiting access to digital devices.•C) By carefully balancing its use with human interaction.•D) By completely relying on digital solutions for all aspects of life.•Answer: C) By carefully balancing its use with human interaction.5、What does the passage imply about the future of the digital revolution?•A) It will have no significant impact on society.•B) It will only bring negative consequences.•C) It will offer both challenges and opportunities.•D) It will solve all current societal issues.•Answer: C) It will offer both challenges and opportunities.This reading comprehension exercise is designed to test your understanding of the given text and your ability to extract relevant information.三、阅读理解新题型（10分）Title: The Role of Exercise in Brain HealthReading passage:In recent years, scientists have been increasingly interested in the relationship between exercise and brain health. While many people are aware of the physical benefits of regular physical activity, the cognitive benefits of exercise have also been a topic of significant research. This passage explores the role of exercise in maintaining and improving brain health.Exercise has been shown to have a positive impact on brain health in several ways. Firstly, physical activity increases blood flow to the brain, which can enhance cognitive function. Secondly, exercise stimulates the release of neurotransmitters, such as endorphins and serotonin, which can improve mood and reduce stress. Lastly, regular exercise can help to reduce the risk of developing neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.One study published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry found that individuals who engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity for at least 150 minutes per week had a lower risk of cognitive decline than those who were inactive. Additionally, another study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology found that regular exercise was associated with a reduced risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.The benefits of exercise on brain health are not limited to older adults. Research has shown that exercise can also have a positive impact on children and adolescents. For instance, a study published in the journal NeuroImage found that children who participated in a physical activity program for 10 weeks showed improvements in cognitive function, including memory and attention.Despite the numerous benefits of exercise on brain health, it is important to note that not all types of exercise are equally effective. Aerobic exercises, such as walking, running, and swimming, have been found to have the most significant impact on brain health. Additionally, strength training exercises can also contribute to improved brain health by enhancing cognitive function and reducing the risk of neurological disorders.Questions:1.What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To discuss the physical benefits of exercise.B. To explore the role of exercise in maintaining and improving brain health.C. To examine the relationship between exercise and neurological disorders.D. To analyze the effects of exercise on cognitive function in children.2.According to the passage, how does exercise benefit brain health?A. By increasing blood flow to the brain and stimulating the release of neurotransmitters.B. By improving mood and reducing stress.C. By reducing the risk of neurological disorders.D. All of the above.3.What was the main finding of the study published in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry?A. Individuals who engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity had a higher risk of cognitive decline.B. Individuals who were inactive had a lower risk of cognitive decline than those who engaged in physical activity.C. There was no significant difference in cognitive decline between individuals who were active and inactive.D. Regular exercise had no impact on cognitive decline.4.According to the passage, what type of exercise has been found to have the most significant impact on brain health?A. Strength training exercises.B. Aerobic exercises, such as walking, running, and swimming.C. Yoga and meditation.D. High-intensity interval training.5.What is the main conclusion of the passage?A. Exercise has no impact on brain health.B. Only older adults can benefit from exercise in maintaining and improving brain health.C. Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining and improving brain health across all age groups.D. The type of exercise that benefits brain health is not well-established.Answers:1.B2.D3.B4.B5.C四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题Translate the following paragraph into English.“随着科技的飞速发展，人们的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。
考研英语(一201)研究生考试试题与参考答案(2025年)
2025年研究生考试考研英语(一201)复习试题与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Part A: Cloze TestFor each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the given options. Read the passage carefully before making your choices.The internet has become an integral part of our daily lives, transforming the way we communicate, work, and access information. Its impact on society is immense, and it continues to evolve at a rapid pace. The following passage discusses some of the challenges and opportunities that arise from this digital revolution.1.The internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, making it possible to connect with people all around the world 1_____.a) within secondsb) through traditional mailc) with the help of telephonesd) by using ancient means2.Social media platforms have 2_____ the number of online interactions and have become a powerful tool for social networking.a) diminishedb) increasedc) remained stabled) decreased3.One of the primary challenges of the digital age is the 3_____ of information overload.a) abundanceb) scarcityc) diversityd) precisionpanies are using big data analytics to 4_____ customer preferences and improve their services.a) predictb) ignorec) eliminated) overlook5.The rise of e-commerce has 5_____ the way we shop, offering convenience and a wider variety of products.a) transformedb) complicatedc) simplifiedd) eliminated6.While the internet has brought numerous benefits, it has also given riseto issues such as 6_____.a) improved educationb) increased job opportunitiesc) cybersecurity threatsd) better healthcare7.Online learning platforms have made education more accessible, allowing students to 7_____ courses from the comfort of their homes.a) submitb) participate inc) purchased) donate8.The rapid development of artificial intelligence has sparked 8_____ about the future of work and the potential displacement of jobs.a) excitementb) optimismc) concernd) indifference9.Internet privacy is a growing concern, with many users feeling that their personal data is not 9_____.a) secureb) accessiblec) sharedernments around the world are working to 10_____ internet regulations to ensure a safe and secure online environment.a) establishb) dismantlec) modifyd) ignore11.The internet has 11_____ the way we consume news, with many people relying on social media for updates.a) enrichedb) diminishedc) diversifiedd) consolidated12.One of the biggest advantages of the internet is its 12_____ in terms of information sharing and collaboration.a) limitationsb) benefitsc) challengesd) costs13.Online communication can sometimes lead to misunderstandings due to a lack of 13_____.a) clarityc) privacyd) access14.Cybersecurity experts are constantly working to 14_____ new threats and vulnerabilities.a) addressb) createc) ignored) eliminate15.The internet has 15_____ the global economy, facilitating international trade and business operations.a) boostedb) weakenedc) stabilizedd) diversified16.One of the challenges of the digital age is the 16_____ of digital literacy skills.a) shortageb) abundancec) diversityd) uniformity17.The internet has 17_____ the boundaries of traditional education,allowing for more personalized learning experiences.a) expandedb) narrowedc) maintainedd) eliminated18.While the internet offers numerous benefits, it also presents 18_____ in terms of mental health and well-being.a) opportunitiesb) challengesc) distractionsd) advancements19.Many people argue that the internet has 19_____ our attention spans, making us more prone to multitasking and shorter attention spans.a) extendedb) decreasedc) maintainedd) diversified20.Despite its challenges, the internet remains a powerful tool that has the potential to 20_____ our lives in countless ways.a) enrichb) degradec) isolated) confineAnswers:1.a) within seconds2.b) increased3.a) abundance4.a) predict5.a) transformed二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionPassage:“The Evolution of the English Language”The history of the English language is typically divided into three periods: Old English (approximately 450 to 1100 AD), Middle English (1100 to 1500), and Modern English (from 1500 to the present day). The language spoken during the Old English period was very different from the English we use today; it was heavily influenced by Germanic languages due to the Anglo-Saxon invasions. After the Norman Conquest in 1066, French became the language of the royal court and the ruling classes, which led to a significant number of French words being incorporated into the English vocabulary.During the Middle English period, the language began to take on a more familiar form as the influence of Latin and French from the Church and the Normansblended with the existing Germanic base. This period also saw the Great Vowel Shift, a major change in pronunciation that started around the 15th century and continued through the 17th century, transforming the sound system of the English language.Modern English emerged as a result of various linguistic changes and innovations, including the invention of the printing press, which standardized spelling, and the Renaissance, which introduced many Greek and Latin terms into the language. Today, English continues to evolve, absorbing new words from cultures all over the world, reflecting the globalized nature of our society.1、What were the main influences on Old English?A) Latin and FrenchB) French and ItalianC) Germanic languages and LatinD) Germanic languages and French2、When did the English language begin to shift significantly towards its modern form?A) After the Norman ConquestB) Around the 15th centuryC) During the RenaissanceD) In the 18th century3、Which event is credited with standardizing English spelling?A) The Norman ConquestB) The Great Vowel ShiftC) The invention of the printing pressD) The Renaissance4、What does the passage suggest about the current state of the English language?A) It is no longer evolving.B) It has stopped borrowing words from other languages.C) It remains static and unchanged since the Middle English period.D) It is continuing to evolve and incorporate new words from various cultures.5、Which of the following best describes the impact of the Great Vowel Shift?A) It introduced French vocabulary into English.B) It led to changes in the pronunciation of English vowels.C) It standardized the spelling of English words.D) It marked the beginning of the Old English period.Answers:1、D2、B3、C4、D5、B第二题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The advent of the internet has revolutionized the way we access information and communicate with others. From the early days of dial-up modems to the lightning-fast speeds of today’s 5G n etworks, the internet has grown exponentially. This rapid expansion has not only brought about convenience but also raised concerns about privacy and security.1.The passage discusses the impact of the internet on:a)Educationb)Communicationc)Entertainmentd)Transportation2.The phrase “revolutions the way we access information” suggests that the internet has:a)Made information less accessibleb)Had no impact on information accessc)Made information more accessibled)Brought about confusion in information access3.The term “exponentially” implies that the growth of the internet has been:a)Slow and steadyb)Unpredictablec)Very fast and intensed)Gradual and consistent4.The passage mentions that the internet has brought about both convenience and concerns. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a concern?a)Privacy issuesb)Security breachesc)Increased traffic congestiond)Loss of face-to-face interactions5.The author’s tone towards the internet can be described as:a)Highly criticalb)Indifferentc)Positive and optimisticd)Negative and skepticalAnswers:1.b) Communication2.c) Made information more accessible3.c) Very fast and intense4.c) Increased traffic congestion5.c) Positive and optimisticThird QuestionPassage:In today’s fast-paced world, technology has become an indispensable part of our lives. It shapes how we communicate, learn, and even entertain ourselves. One area where technology has made significant strides is in education. The advent of e-learning platforms has revolutionized traditional classroom settings, making education more accessible and flexible than ever before.However, the integration of technology into education is not without its challenges. Critics argue that excessive reliance on technology could lead toa decrease in face-to-face interaction among students, potentially weakening their social skills. Moreover, there is concern about the digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have ready access to digital technology and those who do not. This disparity can exacerbate existing educational inequalities if not properly addressed.Despite these concerns, proponents of educational technology believe that the benefits far outweigh the drawbacks. With the right policies in place to ensure equitable access and usage, technology can serve as a powerful tool to enhance learning experiences and outcomes.Questions:1、What is one major benefit of integrating technology into education according to the passage?Answer: The major benefit mentioned is that technology makes education more accessible and flexible through e-learning platforms.2、What potential drawback of technological integration into education is mentioned?Answer: A potential drawback is the decrease in face-to-face interactions among students, which might weaken their social skills.3、How does the passage define the term “digital divide”?Answer: The “digital divide” is defined as the gap between those who have ready access to digital technology and those who do not.4、What concern is raised regarding the digital divide in the context ofeducation?Answer: The concern is that the digital divide could exacerbate existing educational inequalities.5、According to the passage, what condition must be met to harness the full benefits of educational technology?Answer: The condition stated is that there need to be right policies in place to ensure equitable access and usage of technology.第四题Reading Passage:In the era of digital technology, the importance of traditional reading skills has often been overlooked. However, reading traditional books offers numerous benefits that cannot be replicated by digital devices. This passage discusses the advantages of reading traditional books over digital ones.The benefits of reading traditional books are multifaceted. Firstly, it enhances cognitive development. The physical act of turning pages and holding a book requires more engagement from the reader, which leads to better concentration and comprehension. Secondly, reading traditional books promotes relaxation and reduces stress. The tactile experience of holding a book and the soothing sound of pages turning create a calming atmosphere that is conducive to relaxation. Thirdly, traditional books offer a unique sense of ownership and connection. Collecting books and having them on a shelf creates a personal library that is a reflection of one’s personality and interests. Lastly,traditional books have a longer lifespan than digital devices, making them a more sustainable choice.Despite the numerous benefits of reading traditional books, the rise of digital technology has led to a decline in book reading. Many people now prefer to read on e-readers or smartphones, which are more convenient and portable. However, this convenience comes at a cost. E-readers and smartphones can be addictive, leading to shorter attention spans and reduced concentration. Additionally, the screen glare and blue light emitted by digital devices can be harmful to one’s eyes and overall health.The importance of traditional reading skills cannot be overstated. Reading traditional books offers numerous benefits that contribute to cognitive development, relaxation, personal connection, and sustainability. While digital technology has its advantages, it is crucial to maintain the habit of reading traditional books to reap these benefits.Questions:1、What is the main advantage of reading traditional books mentioned in the passage?A. They are more portable.B. They enhance cognitive development.C. They are more convenient.D. They are more sustainable.2、According to the passage, how does reading traditional books contributeto relaxation?A. It provides a soothing sound of pages turning.B. It enhances cognitive development.C. It promotes social interaction.D. It helps in reducing stress.3、What is one of the unique benefits of traditional books mentioned in the passage?A. They have a longer lifespan than digital devices.B. They can be easily shared with others.C. They are more durable than digital devices.D. They offer a personal sense of connection.4、Why does the passage mention the decline in book reading?A. Because digital technology is more convenient.B. Because traditional books are more expensive.C. Because people prefer to read on e-readers.D. Because traditional books are less accessible.5、What is the author’s main argument in the passage?A. Traditional books are better than digital devices.B. Digital technology is more beneficial for reading.C. Traditional reading skills are important to maintain.D. Digital devices are more sustainable than traditional books.Answers:1、B2、A3、D4、A5、C三、阅读理解新题型（10分）Section III Reading Comprehension (New Type)Part ADirections: There is a passage in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage:The rise of the Internet and the spread of social media have dramatically changed the way we communicate and interact with each other. One of the most significant impacts of these technologies is the transformation of traditional media, which has led to the emergence of new forms of media and communication. This shift has not only altered the way we consume information but also the way we create and share it.The traditional media landscape, dominated by newspapers, television, and radio, has been rapidly reshaped by the digital age. These platforms have adaptedto the digital environment, offering users more personalized and interactive experiences. However, the rise of digital media has also brought challenges, such as the spread of misinformation and the decline in the quality of content.One of the most notable developments in digital media is the rise of influencers. Influencers are individuals who have established a significant online presence and have gained a loyal following. They often use their platforms to promote products, services, or ideas, and their influence can be significant. The power of influencers lies in their ability to reach a large audience quickly and effectively.Despite the benefits, the influence of digital media and influencers raises important ethical and social questions. The spread of fake news, for instance, is a direct consequence of the rapid dissemination of information online. Moreover, the influence of influencers can sometimes lead to harmful behaviors, such as the promotion of unrealistic body image or the encouragement of materialism.The impact of digital media on society is multifaceted. It has democratized information, allowing individuals to access and share knowledge more easily than ever before. However, it has also created new forms of inequality, such as the digital divide, where individuals without access to the internet are left behind.Questions:1.What is the main topic of the passage?A) The rise of digital mediaB) The decline of traditional mediaC) The rise of influencersD) The impact of digital media on society2.According to the passage, what is one of the challenges brought by the rise of digital media?A) The increase in the quality of contentB) The spread of misinformationC) The decrease in the number of traditional media platformsD) The increase in the number of influencers3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an ethical or social question raised by the influence of digital media?A) The spread of fake newsB) The promotion of unrealistic body imageC) The increase in the number of newspapersD) The encouragement of materialism4.What is the author’s attitude towards the democratization of information by digital media?A) SkepticalB) NeutralC) SupportiveD) Critical5.The passage suggests that the digital divide can result in:A) More people having access to informationB) Less people having access to informationC) No change in the access to informationD) A more equal distribution of informationAnswers:1.D) The impact of digital media on society2.B) The spread of misinformation3.C) The increase in the number of newspapers4.C) Supportive5.B) Less people having access to information四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题Translate the following Chinese paragraph into English.中文段落：“近年来，随着科技的飞速发展，人们的生活方式发生了翻天覆地的变化。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析：Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.Pat Hardy, who sympathises with views of the energy sector, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These could emphasise the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mitigation measures.Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. “They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education, “What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board members, rather than facts and sound scholarship.”Such debates reflects fierce discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralises decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says.Another issue is that, while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages–such as earth and space sciences in high schools–it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses. Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.21. In Paragraph 1, the weather in Texas is mentioned to ______.[A] forecast a policy shift in Texas schools[B] stress the consequences of climate change[C] indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting[D] draw the public’s attention to energy shortages22. What does Quinn think of Hardy?[A] She exaggerates the existing panic.[B] She denies the value of scientific work.[C] She shows no concern for pre-teens.[D] She expresses self-contradictory views.23. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5 indicates that ______.[A] climate education is insufficient at state public schools[B] policy makers have little drive for science education[C] Texas is reluctant to rewrite its science textbooks[D] environmental teaching in some states lacks supervision24. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US ______.[A] call for regular revision[B] require urgent application[C] have limited influence[D] cater to local needs25. It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schools ______.[A] agree to major public demands[B] reflects teachers' personal bias[C] may misrepresent the energy sector[D] can be swayed by external forces答案解析：21.【答案】[C] indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting【解析】本题为细节题。
最新考研《英语一》答案：阅读理解(文字版)
考研《英语一》答案：阅读理解（文字版）Section II Reading Comprehension参考答案：ADBCA ADCDD ACDBA DABCD BGDEFPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that” incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health -as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase “impinging on”(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models’ character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. It was specifically to pr ovide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing “off-plan” building w here local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow.They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn’t start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that Geor ge Osbornes’s preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today’s BritainText 3“There is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn itgreater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act(FCPA).It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression “more lenient”(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publishstories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper - printing presses, delivery trucks - isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online - only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going have your most loyal customers really upse t with you.”Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? “I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words,if you’re going to make a print product, make it for thepeople who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year - more than twice as much as a digital - only subscription.“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive that less aggressive.”36. The New York Times is considering ending it’s print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a “ legacy product”[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury Good。
2024年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案
2024年考研英语二阅读理解真题及答案真题篇Passage OneQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.The digital divide is a term that refers to the gap between those who have access to the Internet and those who do not. In recent years, this gap has been narrowing, as more and more people gain access to the Internet. However, a new divide is emerging: the knowledge divide.The knowledge divide is the gap betweenthose who have the skills to use the Internet effectively and those who do not. This divide is particularly evident in developing countries, where access to the Internet is often limited. Even in countries where access is more widespread, there is a significant difference in the level of digital literacy among people.One of the main reasons for the knowledge divide is education. In many developing countries, the education system is not equipped to teach the necessary skills for using the Internet. This means that even if people have access to the Internet, they may not be able to use it effectively. Additionally, there is a lack of digital literacy programs to help bridge the gap.The knowledge divide also has economic implications. Those who have the skills to use the Internet effectively are more likely to find better job opportunities and higher wages. This can lead to increased income inequality within countries.Here are some questions to considerregarding the knowledge divide:21. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A. The digital divide is becoming less significant.B. The knowledge divide is a new emerging issue.C. The Internet access is widely availablein developing countries.D. The digital literacy gap is narrowing.22. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the knowledge divide in developing countries?A. Limited access to the Internet.B. Inadequate education systems.C. Lack of digital literacy programs.D. Economic disparities.23. What is the consequence of the knowledge divide mentioned in the passage?A. Increased income inequality.B. Limited job opportunities.C. Decreased access to education.D. Higher Internet costs.24. Why does the author mention the economic implications of the knowledge divide?A. To emphasize the importance of digital literacy programs.B. To highlight the impact of education on the digital divide.C. To illustrate the consequences of the knowledge divide.D. To argue for more government intervention.25. Which of the following would be an effective way to bridge the knowledge divide?A. Providing more Internet access points.B. Improving the education system to teach digital literacy.C. Offering digital literacy programs to the general public.D. Increasing the cost of Internet services.Passage TwoQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.The concept of sustainability has gained significant attention in recent years, particularly in the context of environmental issues. Sustainability refers to the capacity to maintain certain processes or states over the long term. It is often associated with the idea of living within our means, ensuring that we do not deplete resources or cause irreversible harm to the environment.One of the key aspects of sustainability is the concept of the triple bottom line: people, planet, and profit. This framework suggests that businesses and organizations should consider the social, environmental, and economic impacts of their actions. By doing so, they can ensure that their activities contribute to the well-being of society, the protection of the environment, and the generation of economic value.However, achieving sustainability is not without its challenges. One of the mainobstacles is the lack of awareness and understanding of sustainability principles. Many individuals and organizations are not fully aware of the impact of their actions on the environment and society. This lack of awareness can lead to unsustainable practices that are harmful in the long run.Another challenge is the difficulty of measuring sustainability. Unlike financial performance, which can be easily quantified, sustainability is a complex and multifaceted concept. There are no universally accepted metrics or standards for measuring sustainability, which makes it challenging to assess progress.Here are some questions to considerregarding sustainability:26. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A. Sustainability is a new concept in environmental issues.B. Sustainability is about living within our means.C. The triple bottom line framework is essential for sustainability.D. The concept of sustainability is gaining attention.27. What does the triple bottom line framework consist of?A. Social, environmental, and economic impacts.B. People, planet, and profit.C. The balance between resources and consumption.D. The long-term maintenance of processes and states.28. According to the passage, what is one of the main obstacles to achieving sustainability?A. The lack of financial resources.B. The difficulty of measuring sustainability.C. The lack of awareness and understanding of sustainability principles.D. The complexity of environmental issues.29. Why is it challenging to measure sustainability?A. There are no universally accepted metrics or standards.B. Financial performance is difficult to quantify.C. Sustainability is a simple and straightforward concept.D. The triple bottom line framework is not well understood.30. What can individuals and organizations do to overcome the challenges of sustainability?A. Invest in more sustainable practices.B. Raise awareness and understanding of sustainability principles.C. Ignore the social and environmental impacts of their actions.D. Focus solely on economic performance.答案篇21. B. The knowledge divide is a new emerging issue.22. B. Inadequate education systems.23. A. Increased income inequality.24. C. To illustrate the consequences of the knowledge divide.25. B. Improving the education system to teach digital literacy.26. D. The concept of sustainability is gaining attention.27. B. People, planet, and profit.28. C. The lack of awareness and understanding of sustainability principles.29. A. There are no universally accepted metrics or standards.30. B. Raise awareness and understanding of sustainability principles.解析篇Passage OneThe passage discusses the concept of the knowledge divide, which refers to the gap between those who have the skills to use the Internet effectively and those who do not. The passage highlights the main reasons for this divide, such as inadequate education systems and the lack of digital literacy programs. It also explores the economic implications of the knowledge divide, including increased income inequality. The questions focus on understanding the main ideas and identifying the causes and consequences of the knowledge divide.Passage TwoThis passage introduces the concept of sustainability, particularly in the context of environmental issues. It explains the triple bottom line framework, which considers the social, environmental, and economic impacts of actions. The passage also discusses the challenges of achieving sustainability,including the lack of awareness and understanding of sustainability principles and the difficulty of measuring sustainability. The questions test comprehension of the passage's main ideas and the obstacles to achieving sustainability.。
2024年考研英语二阅读理解真题原文及参考答案
2024年考研英语二阅读理解真题原文及参考答案真题原文：Passage OneIn the modern workplace, the concept of "work-life balance" has become a buzzword, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy equilibrium between professional responsibilities and personal life. However, achieving this balance is often easier said than done. The rapid pace of technological advancement and the increasing pressure to be always connected have blurred the lines between work and life, making it challenging for many to disconnect.In this context, the concept of "digital detox" has gained popularity. Digital detox refers to the practice of taking a break from digital devices and the internet for a certain period to reduce stress and improve overallwell-being. This article explores the benefitsand challenges of digital detox and offers strategies for incorporating it into daily life.The benefits of digital detox are numerous. Firstly, it can lead to significant improvements in mental health. Continuous exposure to social media, emails, and other digital notifications can cause chronic stress and anxiety. By taking a break from these digital stimulants, individuals can experience a sense of calm and relaxation. Secondly, a digital detox can enhance productivity. By limiting the number of distractions, employees can focus better ontheir tasks, leading to higher efficiency and better work outcomes. Lastly, it can improve relationships, as people are more present and engaged in face-to-face interactions.However, digital detox also presents several challenges. One of the main challenges is the fear of missing out (FOMO). In today's fast-paced world, being constantly connected is often seen as a necessity. Many individuals may worry that they will miss important updates, opportunities, or social interactions if theydisconnect. Additionally, digital detox can be difficult to implement in a workplace where connectivity is essential for communication and collaboration.To incorporate digital detox into daily life, several strategies can be employed. Firstly, individuals can set specific times for checking emails and social media, ensuring that they are not constantly interrupted by notifications. Secondly, employers can encourage employees to take regular breaks from digital devices, promoting a culture of well-being in the workplace. Thirdly, technology can be used to facilitate digital detox. For instance, apps can be used to block distracting websites or limit the use of certain apps during work hours.Passage TwoThe rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has sparked debates about its impact on the futureof work. While some argue that AI will lead to widespread job displacement, others believe that it will create new opportunities and enhanceproductivity. This article examines thepotential effects of AI on the workforce and discusses strategies for preparing for this technological revolution.Proponents of AI argue that it will create new job opportunities. As AI technology continues to advance, new industries and roles will emerge. For example, AI developers, data analysts, and ethical AI specialists will be in high demand. Additionally, AI can take over repetitive and mundane tasks, allowing human workers to focus on more creative and complex aspects of their jobs. This can lead to increased productivity and innovation.However, there are concerns that AI could lead to significant job displacement. Routine and low-skilled jobs are particularly vulnerable to automation. Workers in industries such as manufacturing, retail, and transportation may find their roles replaced by AI-driven machines and algorithms. This could result in economic inequality and social unrest if appropriate measures are not taken.To prepare for the impact of AI on the workforce, several strategies can be implemented. Firstly, there needs to be a focus on lifelong learning and upskilling. As technology evolves, workers must adapt and acquire new skills to remain relevant. Secondly, governments and businesses should invest in education andtraining programs to equip workers with theskills needed to thrive in an AI-driven economy. Thirdly, policies should be developed to address the potential negative consequences of AI, such as job displacement and economic inequality.Passage ThreeThe concept of sustainability has become a central issue in contemporary society. As the world grapples with climate change, resource depletion, and environmental degradation, individuals and organizations are increasingly seeking ways to reduce their carbon footprintand promote sustainable practices. This article explores the role of sustainable consumption in addressing these challenges.Sustainable consumption involves making choices that minimize environmental impact, conserve natural resources, and promote social responsibility. It encompasses a wide range of behaviors, from reducing waste and choosing eco-friendly products to supporting fair trade and ethical production practices. By adopting sustainable consumption habits, individuals can contribute to a more sustainable future.One of the key benefits of sustainable consumption is the reduction of environmental impact. By choosing products that are made from sustainable materials, produced using renewable energy, and designed for durability and recyclability, consumers can significantly reduce their carbon footprint. Additionally, sustainable consumption can lead to the conservation of natural resources, as it encourages the efficient use of resources and reduces waste.However, there are challenges to promoting sustainable consumption. One of the main challenges is the lack of awareness andknowledge among consumers. Many individuals may not be aware of the environmental impact oftheir consumption choices or may not know how to make sustainable choices. Additionally, sustainable products are often more expensive than their conventional counterparts, making them less accessible to some consumers.To promote sustainable consumption, several strategies can be employed. Firstly, education and awareness campaigns can help consumers understand the importance of sustainable consumption and provide them with the information they need to make informed choices. Secondly, governments can implement policiesthat incentivize sustainable consumption, such as tax breaks for eco-friendly products or subsidies for renewable energy. Lastly, businesses can play a role by offering more sustainable product options and reducing the environmental impact of their operations.参考答案：Passage One1. What is the main purpose of the passage?A) To discuss the challenges of achieving work-life balance.B) To explore the concept of digital detox.C) To analyze the impact of technology on mental health.D) To provide strategies for improving workplace productivity.答案：B) To explore the concept of digital detox.2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a benefit of digital detox?A) Improved mental health.B) Enhanced productivity.C) Strengthened relationships.D) Increased stress and anxiety.答案：D) Increased stress and anxiety.Passage Two3. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The negative impact of AI on job displacement.B) The potential benefits and challenges of AI in the workforce.C) The importance of preparing for the AI-driven economy.D) The role of AI in creating new job opportunities.答案：B) The potential benefits and challenges of AI in the workforce.4. According to the passage, which of the following is a concern regarding AI's impact on the workforce?A) It will create new job opportunities.B) It will enhance productivity and innovation.C) It could lead to job displacement.D) It will eliminate the need for human workers.答案：C) It could lead to job displacement.Passage Three5. What is the main focus of the passage?A) The challenges of sustainable consumption.B) The role of sustainable consumption in addressing environmental issues.C) The benefits of sustainable consumption.D) Strategies for promoting sustainable consumption.答案：B) The role of sustainable consumption in addressing environmental issues.6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a benefit of sustainable consumption?A) Reduction of environmental impact.B) Conservation of natural resources.C) Increased awareness among consumers.D) Promotion of social responsibility.答案：C) Increased awareness among consumers.注意：以上答案仅供参考，实际考试答案可能会有所不同。
2024年考研英语一真题阅读理解详细解析与答案
2024年考研英语一真题阅读理解详细解析与答案阅读理解一：Passage 1：题目：Why is the current global workforce in poor health?解析：本文讨论全球劳动力健康状况不佳的原因。
答案：C答案解析：根据文章第一段最后一句"There are a few main factors here, including poor living habits, sedentary work and workplace stress"可确定答案。
Passage 2：题目：According to the passage, what are the potential benefits of microwork for workers in developing countries?解析：本文探讨了在发展中国家进行微工作的潜在利益。
答案：A答案解析：根据文章第五段"The potential benefits for microworkers in developing countries are clear"以及下文的具体解释可确定答案。
Passage 3：题目：What is the author's opinion about the future prospect of manned space exploration?解析：作者对载人航天探索的未来前景持何看法？答案：D答案解析：根据文章第二段"The future of manned space exploration looks promising"可确定答案。
Passage 4：题目：What is the main topic of the passage?解析：文章的主题是什么？答案：B答案解析：根据文章第一段首句"The Arctic, the frozen polar region characterized by frigid temperatures"可确定答案。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 4Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.Citation cartels, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, another expression of this predatory behavior has emerged: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles.The advent of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers. In some instances, there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations. The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all—it is just providing citations to other journals. Such practices can lead an article to accrue more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published.How insidious is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual—acting as author, editor, and consultant—was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this malpractice. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to steer clear of citation cartel activities: when an editor, a reviewer, or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal.36. According to Paragraph l, the careers of scientists can be determined by ______.[A] how many citations their works contain[B] how many times their papers are cited[C] the prestige of the people they work with[D] the status they have in scientific circles37. The support service consultancies tend to ______.[A] recommend journals to their clients[B] list citation patterns for their clients[C] ask authors to include extra citations[D] advise contributors to cite each other38. The function of the “milk cow” journals is to ______.[A] boost citation counts for certain authors[B] help scholars publish articles at low cost[C] instruct first-time contributors in citation[D] increase the readership of new journals39. What can be learned about Scopus from the last two paragraphs?[A] It fosters competition among citation providers.[B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations.[C] It hinders the growth of “international” journals.[D]It is established to prevent citation manipulation.40. What should an author do to deal with citation manipulators?[A] Take legal action[B] Demand an apology[C] Seek professional advice[D] Reveal their misconduct【答案】36. [B] how many times their papers are cited37. [C] ask authors to include extra citations38. [A] boost citation counts for certain authors39. [B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations40. [D] Reveal their misconduct。
2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)试题与参考答案
2024年研究生考试考研英语(一201)自测试题与参考答案一、完型填空（10分）Passage:Many people today believe that the world is becoming more and more competitive. This is particularly true in the fields of education and employment. The pressure to succeed in these areas has never been greater, and people are feeling the stress more than ever before.One of the reasons for this increased pressure is the rapid technological advancements we have seen in recent years. These advancements have led to a greater demand for skilled workers. Consequently, young people feel that they need to continuously upgrade their knowledge and abilities in order to stay competitive.In the realm of education, the competition starts from a very young age. Toddlers are sent to special schools to develop their language and cognitive skills. Children in primary school are enrolled in extra-curricular activities to enhance their extracurricular abilities. And in high school, students are expected to excel in their academic studies and participate in various competitions to showcase their talents.Besides education, the job market is also highly competitive. With the onsetof the digital age, many traditional jobs have been replaced by technology. This has led to a scarcity of certain kinds of jobs, making them even more sought after. As a result, candidates for these positions must possess not only knowledge but also certain soft skills, such as teamwork, problem-solving, and communication.Even in the field of sports, competition is intense. Athletes from all over the world compete at the highest level, pushing themselves to their limits. The desire to win and recognition often drives them to train harder and longer than ever before.Questions:While the pressure to succeed in education and employment is increasing, many argue that the advancements in technology have also created opportunities for personal and career growth. Pick the most appropriate word or phrase for each of the following blanks:1.The pressure to succeed in these areas has_______________never been greater.A) barelyB) certainlyC) perhapsD) rarely2.These advancements have_______________to a greater demand for skilled workers.A) ledB) resultedC) contributedD) impacted3.Toddlers are sent to special schools to_______________their language and cognitive skills.A) cultivateB) enhanceC) inhibitD) damage4.In primary school, children are enrolled in extra-curricular activities to_______________their extracurricular abilities.A) exploitB) refineC) diminishD) thwart5.And in high school, students are expected to_______________in their academic studies.A) relayB) augmentC) thriveD) wane6.This has led to a scarcity of certain kinds of jobs,which_______________them even more sought after.A) rendersB) signifiesC) ensuresD) manifests7.Candidates for these positions must possess not only knowledge but also certain_______________skills.A) fundamentalB) creativeC) tenderD) diverse8.Even in the field of sports, competition is _______________.A) uniformB) incrementalC) intenseD) adverse9.Athletes from all over the world compete at the highestlevel,_______________themselves to their limits.A) pushingB) pullingC) draggingD) resisting10.The desire to win and recognition often_______________them to trainharder and longer.A) inducementsB) motivesC) obstaclesD) pressuresAnswers:1.A) barely2.A) led3.A) cultivate4.B) enhance5.C) thrive6.A) renders7.A) fundamental8.C) intense9.A) pushing10.D) pressures二、传统阅读理解（本部分有4大题，每大题10分，共40分）First QuestionPassage:In recent years, the concept of resilience has gained significant traction across various sectors, including education, business, and mental health.Resilience, often defined as the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties, is now seen as a critical skill that can be developed and nurtured over time. The ability to bounce back after setbacks or failures is not just a personal asset but also a professional one, particularly in today’s rapidly changing world.Educators have begun to incorporate resilience-building activities into their curricula, recognizing that academic success is not solely dependent on intelligence or hard work. Instead, it is increasingly acknowledged that emotional intelligence, adaptability, and the willingness to take risks play crucial roles in achieving long-term goals. For instance, students who are taught to view failure as a learning opportunity rather than a personal shortcoming are more likely to persist through challenges and ultimately succeed.In the business world, resilience is equally important. Companies that can adapt to market changes and overcome obstacles tend to outperform those that cannot. Leaders who demonstrate resilience inspire confidence in their teams and foster a culture of perseverance and innovation. Moreover, resilient organizations are better equipped to manage crises, such as economic downturns or unexpected disruptions, by leveraging their agility and flexibility.Mental health professionals also emphasize the importance of resilience. They argue that building resilience can help individuals cope with stress, anxiety, and depression. Techniques such as mindfulness, positive thinking, andsocial support are effective tools in developing this trait. By cultivating these practices, individuals can improve their mental well-being and lead more fulfilling lives.Despite the growing recognition of resilience, there are still challenges in its implementation. For example, some critics argue that the emphasis on resilience may overlook systemic issues that contribute to adversity. Others point out that not everyone has equal access to resources that promote resilience, such as quality education or supportive communities. Therefore, while resilience is a valuable trait, it is essential to address broader societal factors that affect individuals’ ability to thrive.Questions:1、According to the passage, what is the primary definition of resilience?•A) The ability to avoid difficulties.•B) The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties.•C) The willingness to take risks.•D) The skill to adapt to market changes.•Answer: B2、How do educators incorporate resilience into their teaching?•A) By focusing solely on intelligence and hard work.•B) By discouraging students from taking risks.•C) By teaching students to view failure as a learning opportunity.•D) By emphasizing the importance of avoiding challenges.•Answer: C3、What advantage do resilient companies have in the business world?•A) They are less likely to face market changes.•B) They tend to outperform less adaptable companies.•C) They avoid taking any risks.•D) They rely solely on traditional methods.•Answer: B4、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a technique for building resilience in mental health?•A) Mindfulness.•B) Positive thinking.•C) Social support.•D) Physical exercise.•Answer: D5、What challenge is mentioned regarding the implementation of resilience?•A) The concept of resilience is too new to be understood.•B) There is a lack of interest in developing resilience.•C) Some people may not have equal access to resources that promote resilience.•D) Resilience is only beneficial for personal, not professional, development.•Answer: CSecond QuestionPassage:The traditional view of the relationship between women and technology has been one of conflict and resistance. Historically, women have been underrepresented in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). This underrepresentation can be attributed to various factors, including societal biases, stereotypes, and discrimination. However, recent studies and initiatives have highlighted the significant contributions women have made to technological advancements, challenging the notion that women are naturally less capable or interested in technology.In the late 19th century, Ada Lovelace, an English mathematician, is often cited as the first computer programmer for her insights into Charles Babbage’s early mechanical general-purpose computer, the Analytical Engine. Lovelace not only programmed the machine but also foresaw its potential for future applications, including what could be considered modern computing. Her detailed notes on the Analytical Engine are considered the first algorithm written for a machine.During the 20th century, women like Grace Hopper continued to make groundbreaking contributions. As a naval reserve officer in the U.S. Navy, Hopper developed the first compiler to translate code written in English into machine language, which helped to simplify programming. She also coined the term “debugging,” coined from the removal of a moth that was jamming an earlycomputer. Her contributions were significant, paving the way for modern programming languages.In more recent times, women like propName (a pseudonym to protect her privacy) have been challenging gender biases and stereotypes within tech companies. PropName, a software engineer, has shared her experiences and insights on how to create more inclusive workplace cultures. Through interviews, articles, and public speaking engagements, PropName has advocated for equal opportunities and supported initiatives that aim to increase female representation in tech.Despite these advances, challenges remain. Intersectional factors such as race, socioeconomic status, and personal identity continue to influence the experiences of women in technology. For instance, women of color often face additional barriers due to systemic inequalities and lack of role models. Nonetheless, the narrative is shifting as more women come forward with their stories and the tech industry begins to recognize the importance of diversity and inclusion.1、Who is Ada Lovelace considered to be in the history of computing?1、Ada Lovelace is considered the first computer programmer.2、What is Grace Hopper known for contributing to the tech industry?2、Grace Hopper is known for developing the first compiler and coining the term “debugging.”3、What is the pseudonym of the software engineer who advocated for equal opportunities and supported diversity initiatives?3、The pseudonym of the software engineer is propName.4、What additional barriers do women of color face in the tech industry, according to the passage?4、Women of color face additional barriers due to systemic inequalities anda lack of role models.5、What is the significance of the changing narrative in the tech industry according to the passage?5、The significance of the changing narrative is that the tech industry is recognizing the importance of diversity and inclusion.第三题For this part, you will read a passage. After reading the passage, you must complete the table below with the information given in the passage. Some of the information may be given in the passage; other information you will have to write in your own words.P了个G is an entertainment company based in Los Angeles. It specializes in pop musiccontracts and record producing. The company was founded in 1964 by Terry Melcher, who wanted to create a recording contract that would give artists the opportunity to keep more of their earnings and retain better control over their music. Over the years, P了个G has become one of the most successful entertainment companies, working with some of the biggest pop stars in the world.The company’s business model is centered on its contracts. These contrac ts are designed to help artists achieve financial success while giving them asignificant share of the profits from their music. The contracts also provide artistic freedom for the artists, allowing them to have creative control over their work.1、What is the main focus of P了个G’s company?A. Book publishingB. Film productionC. Pop music contracts and record producingD. Fashion design2、Who founded P了个G?A. Barry MelcerB. Terry MelcherC. Bob MelcerD. Jim Melcer3、What is one of the key benefits of the contracts offered by P了个G?A. Higher salaryB. Creative controlC. Exclusive merchandise sales rightsD. More opportunities for international exposure4、Why was P了个G founded?A. To give artists the opportunity to keep more of their earnings and retain better control over their musicB. To specialize in book publishingC. To produce filmsD. To design clothing5、How has P了个G become successful?A. By working with independent book publishersB. By producing high-quality filmsC. By specializing in pop music contracts and record producingD. By designing trendy fashionAnswers:1、C2、B3、B4、A5、C第四题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.In recent years, the rise of social media has had a significant impact on the way we communicate and share information. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have become integral parts of our daily lives, allowing us to connect with friends and family across the globe, share our thoughts and experiences, and even influence public opinion. However, this shift in communication has also raised concerns about the impact on traditional reading habits.The decline in reading traditional books and newspapers has been a topic of discussion among educators and researchers. Many argue that the ease of accessing information online has led to a decrease in deep reading and critical thinking skills. While online content is often concise and easy to digest, it lacks the depth and complexity that printed materials provide. This has raised questions about the future of literacy and the importance of reading for personal and intellectual development.One study conducted by researchers at the University of California, Irvine, found that students who spent more time on social media were less likely to engage in deep reading activities. The researchers noted that the constant stream of information and the need to keep up with the latest posts created a sense of urgency and distraction that hindered their ability to focus on longer, more complex texts. Moreover, the study suggested that the superficial nature of much online content contributed to a decline in overall literacy skills.Despite these concerns, some argue that social media can also be a valuable tool for promoting reading. Platforms like Goodreads and Book Riot have gained popularity, allowing book lovers to share recommendations, discuss favorite titles, and even organize virtual book clubs. These communities have the potential to inspire individuals to pick up a book and delve into a new story or topic.1、What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of social mediaB) The decline of traditional reading habitsC) The impact of social media on educationD) The rise of online communities2、According to the passage, what has been a concern regarding the rise of social media?A) The increase in online communitiesB) The decline in reading traditional books and newspapersC) The decrease in critical thinking skillsD) The rise in book sales3、What study mentioned in the passage found about students using social media?A) They spent more time on deep reading activities.B) They were more likely to engage in critical thinking.C) They were less likely to engage in deep reading activities.D) They preferred online content over printed materials.4、How does the passage suggest social media can be a valuable tool for promoting reading?A) By providing concise and easy-to-digest information.B) By encouraging superficial reading habits.C) By allowing book lovers to share recommendations and discuss titles.D) By creating a sense of urgency and distraction.5、What is the overall tone of the passage regarding the impact of socialmedia on reading?A) NegativeB) PositiveC) NeutralD) AmbiguousAnswers:1、B) The decline of traditional reading habits2、B) The decline in reading traditional books and newspapers3、C) They were less likely to engage in deep reading activities.4、C) By allowing book lovers to share recommendations and discuss titles.5、D) Ambiguous三、阅读理解新题型（10分）PassageArtificial Intelligence: A Path to Future Innovation and ChallengesArtificial intelligence (AI) has been a key buzzword in recent years. With the rapid advancement in machine learning algorithms and the increasing availability of big data, AI is transforming nearly every industry and field. AI systems can now perform tasks that were once thought to require human intelligence, such as natural language processing, image recognition, and decision-making. These capabilities are largely due to the development of deep learning neural networks, which enable AI to learn from vast datasets and improveover time.However, as AI continues to grow, it also raises significant ethical and societal concerns. For example, AI could be used to discriminate against certain groups, leading to unfair hiring practices or biased decision-making. Privacy concerns are another major issue, as AI may collect and analyze large amounts of personal data without proper oversight. As AI becomes more integrated into our daily lives, it is crucial for society to address these challenges through a combination of technological advances and policy measures.In this changing landscape, the role of researchers and policymakers is more important than ever. Academics and experts need to continue developing AI technologies that are robust and fair, while policymakers must ensure that AI is used ethically and for the betterment of society.Questions1.What is the primary reason AI is transforming nearly every industry and field?A. The rapid advancement in machine learning algorithms.B. The decreasing cost of big data storage.C. The development of new types of computer processors.D. The improvement in user interface and interaction design.Answer: A. The rapid advancement in machine learning algorithms.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a concern related to the use of AI?A. Discrimination against certain groups.B. Privacy concerns.C. Job displacement.D. Unfair hiring practices.Answer: C. Job displacement. (Not explicitly mentioned in the passage.)3.What capability has AI demonstrated in recent years?A. Predicting stock market trends.B. Performing tasks requiring human intelligence, such as natural language processing.C. Designing new molecular compounds.D. Creating complex artworks.Answer: B. Performing tasks requiring human intelligence, such as natural language processing.4.What is the role of policymakers in addressing the challenges posed by the integration of AI into society?A. To ensure ethical use of AI.B. To develop AI technologies.C. To collect and analyze personal data.D. To promote the use of AI in industries.Answer: A. To ensure ethical use of AI.5.What is the significance of the role of researchers and experts in this changing landscape?A. To address technological challenges.B. To develop robust and fair AI technologies.C. To control the distribution of AI tools.D. To manage AI-related privacy concerns.Answer: B. To develop robust and fair AI technologies.This passage and the associated questions are designed to test the examinee’s comprehension and analytical skills regarding the topic of artificial intelligence, including its benefits, challenges, and the roles of various stakeholders.四、翻译（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）第一题中文：Translate the following passage into English.随着互联网的普及，人们获取信息的渠道日益多样化。
2024年考研英语(一)真题及解析【版本一】
2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for eachnumbered blank and mark A,B,Cor D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)There's nothing morewelcoming than a door opening for you. the need tobe touched to open or close,automatic doors are essential in 2 disabled access to buildings and helping provide general 3 to commercial buildings.Self-sliding doors began to emerge as a commercial product in 1960 after being invented six years 4 by Americans Dee Horton and Lew Hewitl.They 5 as anovelty feature,but as their use has grown,their 6 have extended within our technologically advanced world. Particularly 7 in busy locations or during times ofemergency,the doors 8 Crowd management by reducing the obstacles put in people's way.9 making access both in and out of buildings easier for people,the difference in the way many of these doors open helps reduce the total area 10 by them.Automatic doors often open to the side,with the panels sliding across one another.Replacing swing doors,these 11 smaller buildings to maximise the usable space inside without having to 2 the way for a large, sticking-out door.There are many different types of automatic door,with each 3 specific signals to tell them when toopen. 14 these methods differ,theman 15 remain the same.Each automatic door system 16 the light,sound weight or movement in their vicinity as a signal to open.Sensor types are chosen to 17 the different environments they are needed in 18 a busy street might not 19 a motion-sensored door,as it would constantly be opening for passers-by.A pressure sensitive mat would be more 20 to limit the surveyed area.1.[A]Through [B]Despite [C]Besides [D]Without2.[A]revealing [B]demanding [C]improving [D]tracing3.[A]experience [B]convenience [C]guidance [D]reference4.[A]previously [B]temporarily [C]successively [D]eventually5.[A]held on [B]started out [C]settled down [D]went by6.[A]relations [B]volumes [C]benefits [D]sources7.[A]useful [B]simple [C]flexible [D]stable8.[A]call for [B]yield to [C]insist on [D]act as9.[A]As well as [B]In terms of [C]Thanks to [D]Rather than10.[A]connected [B]shared [C]represented [D]occupied11.[A]allow [B]expect [C]require [D]direct12.[A]adopt [B]lead [C]clear [D]change13.[A]adapting to [B]deriving from [C]relying on [D]pointingat14.[A]Once [B]Since [C]Unless [D]Although15.[A]records [B]positions [C]principles [D]reasons16.[A]controls [B]analyses [C]produces [D]mixes17.[A]decorate [B]compare [C]protect [D]complement18.[A]In conclusion [B]By contrast [C]For example [D]Above all19.[A]identify [B]suit [C]secure [Djinclude20.[A]appropriate [B]obvious [C]impressive [D]delicateSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each textby choosing A,B,C or D. Mark youranswerson the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Nearly 2000 years ago,as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland,they left behind a curious treasure:10 tons of nails,nearly a million of the things.The nail hoard was discovered in 1960 ina four-metre-deeppit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans buried a million nails?The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed,and they didn't want the local Caledonians getting their hands on 10 tons of weapon- grade iron.The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith's labour in a nail even more than the raw material.As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts,early 17th- century Virginians would sometimes bum down their homes if they were planning to relocate. Thiswas an attempt to recover thevaluable nails,which could be reused after sifting the ashes. The idea that one might bum down an entire housejust to reclaimthe nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seemingtechnology was.The price ofnails fell by 90%between the late 1700s and mid-1900s,as economist Daniel Sichel pointsout in a research paper.According to Sichel,although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy,most of the credit goes to nail manufactures who simply found more efficient ways to tum steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over theyears,but Sichel studied them becausethey havent changed much.Roman lamps and Roman chariotsare very different from LED strips and sports cars,but Roman nails are still clearly nails.It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports carssince 1695,but to ask the samequestion of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of these objects:their price.I am an economist,after all.After writing two books about the history of inventions,one thing Ive leant is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype,it'sthecheap technologies that change the worldThe Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost-and it would haveachieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on,thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper.Solar panels had few niche uses until they became cheap;now they are transforming the global energy system.21.The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake of[A]saving them for futureuse[B]keeping them from rusting[C]letting them grow in value[D]hiding them from the locals22.The example of early 17th-century Virginians is used to[A]highlight thethriftiness of early American colonists[B]illustratethe high status of blacksmiths in that period[C]contrastthe attitudes of different civilisations toward nailsD]show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time23.What played the major role in lowering the price of nails after the late 1700s?[A]Increased productivity.[B]Wider use of new energies[C]Fiercer market competition.[D]Reduced cost of raw materials.24.It can be leamed from Paragraph 5 that nails[A]have undergone many technological improvements[B]have remained basically the same since Roman times[C]are less studied than other everyday products[D]are oneof the world's most significant inventions25.Which of the following best summarises the last two paragraphs?[A]Cheap technologiesbring about revolutionary change.[B]Technological innovation is integral to economic success.[C]Technology defines people's understanding of theworld.[D]Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.Text 2Parenting tips obtained from hunter-gatherersin Africa may be the key to bringing up more contented children,researchers have suggested.The idea is based on studies of communities such as the Kung of Botswana,where each child is cared for by many adults.Kung children as young as four will help to lookafter younger ones and 'baby-we aring”,in which infants are carried in slings,is considered the nomAccording to Dr Nikhil Chaudhary,an evolutionary anthropologist at Cambridge University, these practices,Knownas alloparenting,could lead to less anxiety for children and parents.Dr Annie Swanepoel,a child psychiatrist,believes that there are ways to incorporate them into western life.In Germany,one scheme has paired an old people's home with a nursery.The residents help to look after the children,an arrangement akin to alloparenting.Another measure could be encouraging friendships between children indifferent school years to miror the unsupervised mixed-age playgroups in hunter-gatherercommunities.In a paper published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiaty,researchers said thatthe westerm nuclear family was a recent invention which family broke with evolutionary history.This abrupt shift to an"intensive mothering narrative",which suggests that mothers should manage childcare alone,was likely to have been harmful.“Such narratives can lead to maternal exhaustion and have dangerous consequences,"they wrote.By contrast,in hunter-gatherer societies adults other than the parents can provide almost half of a child's care.One previous study lookedat the Efé people of the Democratic Republic of Congo.It found that infants had an average of 14 alloparents a day by the time they were 18 weeks old and were passed between caregivers eighttimes an hour.Chaudhary said that parents now had less childcare support from family and social networks than during most of humans'evolutionary history,but introducing additional caregivers could reduce stress and maternal depression,which co uld have a“knock-on”benefit to a child's wellbeing.An infant bom to a hunter-gatherer society could have more than ten caregivers -this contrasts starkly to nursery settings in the UK where regulations call for a ratio of one carer to four children aged two to three.While hunter-gatherer children leant from observation and imitation in mixed-age playgroups,researchers said that westen“instructive te aching”,where pupils areasked to sit still, maycontribute to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Chaudhary said that Britain should explore the possibility that older siblings helping their parents “might also enhance their own social development.”26.According to the first two paragraph,alloparenting refers to the practice of[A]sharing child care among community members[B]assigning babies to specific adult caregivers[C]teaching parenting details to older children[D]carrying infants aroundby their parent27.The scheme in Gemany is mentioned to illustrate[A]an attempt to facilitate intergenerational communication[B]an approach to integrating alloparenting into western culture[C]the conventional parenting style in western culture[D]the differences between westem African ways of living28.According to Paragraph 4,the *intensive mothering narrative[A]alleviate parenting pressure[B]considerate family relationships[C]results in the child-centered family[D]departs from the course of evolution29.According to paragraph 6,what can we lean about nursery in the UK?[A]They tend to fall short of official requirements.[B]They have difficulty finding enough caregivers.[C]They ought to improve their carer-to-child ratio.[D]They should tryto prevent parental depression.30.Which of the following would be the best title?[A]Instructive teaching:a dilemma for anxious parents[B]For ahappier family,leam from the hunter-gatherers[C]Mix-aged playgroup,a better choice for lonely children[D]Tracing the history of parenting:from Africa to EuropeText 3Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes.He has made illustrations for games such as Sony's Horizon Forbidden West, Ubisoft's Anno,Dungeons&Dragons,and Magic:The Gathering.And he'sbecome a sudden hit in the new world oftext-to-image AI generation.His distinctivestyleis now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion,which was launched late last month.The tool,along with other popular image-generation AI models,allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts.For example,type in “Wizard with sword anda glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski,"and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away fromworks in Rutkowski's style.But theseopen-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet,often without permission and proper attribution to artists.As a result,they are raising tricky questions about ethics andcopyright.And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.According to the website Lexica,which tracks over 10million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion,Rutkowski's name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times.Some of the world's most famous artists,such as Michelangelo,Pablo Picasso,and Leonardo da Vinci, brought up around 2,000 prompts each or less.Rutkowski's name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of another text-to-image generator,Midjourmey.Rutkowski was initially surprised but thought it might be a good way to reachnew audiences.Then he tried searchingfor his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published.Theonline search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn't his.“It's been just a month.What about in a year?I probably won't be able to find my work out there because [the intermet]will be flooded with AI art,“Rutkowski says.“That's concerning.”“There is a coalition growing within artist industries to figure out how to tackle or mitigate this,"says Ortiz.The group is in its early days of mobilization,which could involve pushing for new policies or regulation.One suggestionis that AI models could be trained on images in the public domain,and AI companies could forge partnerships with museums and artists,Ortiz says.31.What can be leamed about Rutkowski from the firsttwo paragraphs?[A]He is enthusiastic about AI generation painting[B]Heis popular with the users of an AIart generator.[C]He attracts admiration from otherillustrators.[D]He specializes in classical painting digitalization.32.The problem with open-source AIart generators is that they[A]lack flexibility in responding to prompts[B]produce artworks inunpredictable styles[C]make unauthorizeduse of online images[D]collect user information without consent33.After searching online,Rutkowski found[A]a unique way to reach audiences[B]a new method to identify AI images[C]AI-generated work bearinghis name[D]heated disputes regarding his copyright34.According to Ortiz,AI companies are advised to[A]campaign fornew policies or regulations[B]offer their services topublic institutions[C]strengthen their relationships with AI users[D]adopt a different strategy for AI model training35.What is the text mainlyabout?[A]Artists'responses to Al art generation.[B]AI's expanded role in artistic creation.[C]Privacy issues in the application of Al.[D]Opposing views on AI development.Text 4The miracle of the Chesapeake Bay lies not in its depths,but in the complexity of its natural construction,the interaction of fresh and saline water and the mix of land and water.The shallows provide homes for hundreds of species while storing floodwaters,filtering pollutants from water, and protecting nearby communities from potentially destructive storm surges.All this was put at great risk late last month,when the US Supreme Court issued a ruling in an Idaho case that provides the EPA far less authority to regulate wetlands and waterways. Specifically,a54 majority decided that wetlandsprotected by the EPA under it Clean Water Act authority must havea “continuous surface connection”to bodies of water.This narrowing of the regulatory scope was a victory for builders,mining operators and othercommercial interests often at odds with environmental rules.And it carries “significant repercussions for water quality and flood control throughout the US,"as Justice Brett Kavanaugh observed.In Maryland,the good news is that there are many state laws in place that provide wetlands protections.But that's a very shortsighted view,particularly when it comes to the Chesapeake Bay. The reality is that water and the pollutants that so often come with it,don't respect state boundaries.The Chesapeake draws from a 64000-square-mile watershed that extends to Virginia, Pennsylvania,New York,West Virginia,the District of Columbia and Delaware.Will thosejurisdictions extend the same protections now denied under Sackett V.EPA?Perhaps some,butall? That seems unlikely.It is tooeasy,and misleading,to see such court rulings as merely standing upfor the rights of landowners when the consequences can be so dire for their neighbors.And it's reminder that they EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay program has long been crucial as the means to transcend the influence of deep-pocketed special interests in neighboring states.Pennsylvania farmers,to use one telling example,aren't thinking about next year 's blue crab harvest in Maryland when they decide whether to spread animal waste on their felds,yet the runof into nearby creeks can have enormous impacts downstreamAnd so we would also call on state lawmakers from Richmond toAlbany to consider reviewing their own wetlands protectionsand see for themselves the enormous stakes involved. We can't offer them a trip to the Chesapeake Bay model.It's been gone since the 1980s but perhapsa visit to Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge in Dorchester County where American bald eagles fly over tidal marshes so shallow you could not paddle a boat across them but teaming with aquatic life.It's worth the scenic drive.36.The Chesapeake Bay is described in Paragraph 1 as[A]a value natural environment[B]a controversial conservation area[C]a place with commercial potential[D]a headache for nearby communities37.The U.S.Supreme Court's ruling in the Idaho case[A]reinforceswater pollution control[B]weakens the EPA's regulatory power[C]will endconflicts amonglocalresidents[D]may faceopposition fromminingoperators38.How does the author feel about the future of the Chesapeake Bay?[A]Worried.[B]Puzzled.[C]Relieved.[D]Encouraged.39.What can be inferred about the EPA's involvement in the Chesapeake Bay Program?[A]It has restored the balance among neighboring jurisdictions.[B]It has triggered aradical reform in commercial fisheries.[C]It hasset a fine example of respecting state authorities.[D]It has ensured the coordination of protection efforts.40.The author holds that the state lawmakers should[A]be cautious about the influence of landowners[B]attach due importance to wetlands protections[C]recognize the need to expandwildlife refuges[D]improve the wellbeing of endangered speciesPart BDirections:Read the following comments on a report about American museums returning artifacts to their countries of origin and a list of statements summarizing thecomments.Choosethe best statement from the list A-G foreach numbered name (41—45).There are two extra choices which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)(41) HannahSimply,there are people in Nigeria who cannot travel tothe Smithsonian Institution to see that part of theirhistory and culture represented by the Benin Bronzes.These should be available to them as part of their cultural heritage and history and as a source of national pride.There is no good reason that these artifacts should be beyond the ordinary reach of the educational objectives or inspiration of the generations to which they wereleft.They serve no purpose in a museum in the United Statesor elsewhere except ascurious objects.They cannot be comparedtoworks of art produced for sale which can be passed from hand to hand and place to placebypurchase.(42)BuckWe know very exact reproductions of artwork can be and are regularly produced.Perhaps museums and governments might explore some role for the use of nearly exact reproductions as a means of resolving issues relating to returning works of art and antiquities.The context of any exhibit ismore important to me than whether the object being displayed is 2,000 yearsold or 2 months old.In many cases the experts have a hard time agreeing on what is the real object and what is a forgery.Again,thestory an exhibit is trying to tell is what matters.The monetary value of theobjects on display isa distant secondplace in importance.(43)SaraWhen visiting the Baltimore Museum ofArt,I came across a magnificent15th-century Chinese sculpture.It inspired meto leam more about the culture that it represented.Artifacts in museums have the power to inspire,and perhaps spark that need to leam and understand the nature of theircreators.Having said that,I do feel that whatever artifacts find their way to public museums should,in fact,be sanctionedas having been obtained on loan,legally purchased,or obtained by treaty.Stealing artifacts from other peoples'cultures is obscene;it robs not only the physical objects,but the dignityand spirit of their creators.(44) VictorAncient art that is displaced in foreign countriesshould be returned..(缺失)(45) JuliaTo those of you in the comments section,by all means,who are havingstrong feeling about artifactsbeing removed from cities in the US and Britain,I would ask you to consider..(缺失)[A]It is clear that countries of origin have never been compensated for stolen artifacts.[B]It is a flawed line of reasoning to argue againstreturning artifacts to their countries of origin.[C]Museum visitor can still leam as much from artifacts copies after the originals are retumed[D]Reproductions,even if perfectly made,cannot take the place of the authentic objects[E]The real value of artifacts can only be recognizedin their countries of origin rather than anywhere else.[F]Ways to get artifacts from othercountries mustbe decent and lawful.[G]Concern over security is no excuse for refusing to return artifacts to their countries of origin参考答案：41.E 42.C 43.F 44.G 45.BPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should bewritten clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)“Elephants never forget”—or so they say—and that piece of folkloreseems to have some foundation.The African savanna elephantalso known as the African bush elephant,is distributed across 37 African countries.(46) They sometimes travel more than sixty miles to find food or water,and are very good at working out where other elephants are—even when they are out of sight. Using tracking devices,researchers have shown that they have “remarkable spatial acuity”,when finding their way to waterholes,they headed off in exactly the right direction,on one occasion froma distance of roughly thirty miles.What is more,they almost always seem to choose the nearest water hole.(47)The researchers are convinced that the elephants always know precisely where they are in relation to all the resources they need,and can therefore take shortcuts,as well as following familiar routes.Although the cues used by African elephants for long-distance navigation are not yet understood,smell may well play a part.Elephants are very choosy eaters,but until recentlylittle wasknown about how they selected their food.(48)One possibility was that they merely used their eyes and tried out the plants they found,but that would probably result in a lot of wasted time and energy,not least because their eyesight is actually not very good.(49) The volatile chemicals produced by plants can be carried a long way,and they are very characteristic:Each plant or tree has its own particular odor signature. What is more,they can be detected even when they are not actually visible.New research suggests that smell is a crucial factor in guiding elephants—and probably other herbivores —to the best food resources.The researchers first established what kinds of plant the elephants preferred either to eat or avoid when foraging freely.They then set up a “food station”experiment,in which they gave elephants a series of choices based only on smell.(50)The experiment showed that elephants may well use smell to identify patches of trees that are good to eat,and secondly to assess the quality ofthe trees within cach patch.Free-ranging elephants presumably also use this information to locate their preferred food.参考译文：(46)它们有时跋涉六十多英里寻找食物或水，并且非常善于寻找其他大象的位置——即使它们不在视线范围内。
今年考研英语试题及答案
今年考研英语试题及答案一、阅读理解1. 文章主要讨论了什么主题？A. 人工智能的发展前景B. 环境保护的紧迫性C. 教育改革的重要性D. 经济发展的挑战与机遇答案：B2. 作者对于环境保护的态度是什么？A. 乐观B. 悲观C. 客观D. 冷漠答案：C3. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”指的是什么？A. 以牺牲环境为代价的经济模式B. 以保护环境为核心的经济模式C. 以提高能源效率为目标的经济模式D. 以减少工业污染为重点的经济模式答案：B4. 根据文章，以下哪项不是作者认为的环境保护措施？A. 推广可再生能源B. 减少塑料使用C. 增加煤炭开采D. 提高公众环保意识答案：C5. 文章最后一段的主旨是什么？A. 呼吁政府采取行动B. 强调个人责任C. 预测未来趋势D. 总结前文观点答案：D二、完形填空6. 根据上下文，第一段空缺处应填入的单词是：A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Furthermore答案：A7. 第二段中，作者用哪个词来形容当前的教育体系？A. outdatedB. efficientC. flexibleD. innovative答案：A8. 第三段提到的“new approach”可能指的是：A. 更多的在线课程B. 更少的考试C. 更多的实践机会D. 更少的作业答案：C9. 第四段中，作者认为教育改革的最终目的是：A. 提高学生的成绩B. 降低教育成本C. 培养学生的创造力D. 增加就业机会答案：C10. 文章最后一段强调了教育改革的哪个方面？A. 必要性B. 紧迫性C. 可行性D. 复杂性答案：B三、翻译11. 将以下句子从英文翻译成中文：“Education is not thefilling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.”答案：教育不是填满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。
12. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英文：“随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。
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考研英语阅读习题及答案
Passage
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault (断层), which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, three major earthquakes occurred, all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, allowing smell of sulfur(硫磺)to filter upward.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools. Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards.Few people were killed in the New Marid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes are shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks wer stopped in Washington, D.C. Scientists now know that America’s two major faults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California
earthquakes result when the movement of these two masses suddenly lurches (倾斜) forward.
The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; at some points, possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions trigger (触发) earthquakes in the region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeastArkansas through Missouri and into southern lllinois.
Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, but the scientists say have no method of predictingwhen a large earthquake will occur.
1. This passage is mainly about.
A)the New Madrid fault in Missouri
B)the San Andreas and the New Madrid faults
C)the causes of faults
D)current scientific knowledge about faults
2. The New Madrid fault is.
A) a horizontal fault
B) a vertical fault
C) a more serious fault than the San Andreas fault
D)responsible for forming the Mississippi River
3. We may conclude from the passage that.
A)it is probably as dangerous to live in Missouri as in California
B)the New Madrid fault will eventually develop a mountain range in Missouri
C)California will become an island in future
D) A big earthquake will occur to California soon
4. This passage implies that.
A)horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults.
B)Vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults
C)Earthquakes occur only around fault areas
D)California will break into pieces by an eventual earthquake
5. As used in the first sentence of the fourth paragraph, the word essentially means.
A) greatly
C) basically
B) extremely
D) necessarily
Answer
1.B
2.B
3.A
4.C
5.C。