起重机设计说明书
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第 1 章 绪论........................................................................................1
1.1 本课题的研究目的.................................................................................................................1 1.2 起重机目前的研究现状及未来发展方向...........................................................................1 1.3 桥式起重机的介绍及分类.................................................................................................... 2 1.4 桥式起重机的组成和特点.................................................................................................... 2 1.5 桥式起重机概论..................................................................................................................... 3 1.6 起重机设计的总体方案........................................................................................................ 4
青岛理工大学 毕 业 设 计（论 文）
题目
8t 桥式起重机大车设计（跨度 28.5m）
学生姓名： 学生学号： 指导教师：
邢伟鑫 201206266 刘琨明
机械工程 学院 机械设计制造及其自动化 专业 128 班
2016 年 6 月 15 日
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
摘要
随着社会的进步，制造业迅猛发展，国家建设的规模不断扩大，对桥式起重机的 需求越来越高，桥式起重机被广泛的应用在工业工程中运送重物、危险品、集装箱、 废弃材料等物品，与此同时，我们对桥式起重机的起吊量、灵活性及性能等方面的要 求也越来越高，这需要我们从其零件设计做起，保证其日益增长的工业要求。 桥式起重机是一种间歇动作的用来在空中搬运货物的起重运输机械，在一个工作 过程中，通过上料、运送、卸料及返回原处的过程进行货物搬运，因而对提高生产能 力及运输效率等方面有着非常重要的影响。可以看出，桥式起重机未来的完善发展将 会有非常大的潜力。 本此设计主要介绍了电动双梁吊钩桥式起重机的大车设计理论及过程，包括大车 运行机构设计、桥架结构设计等。还有电动机、轴承、联轴器、减速器的选择校核。 本设计正确选用了桥架结构及材料，保证了其在使用过程中的强度、刚度和稳定性， 在质量和功能上都满足了日益增长的工业需求。 关键词：桥式起重机；起重机大车；运行机构；桥架结构。
I
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
Abstract
With the development of the manufacturing sector, the progress of modern science and technology and the development of mass production, bridge crane is widely applied to industrial production, such as areas of production plants, warehouses, ports, industrial and mining enterprises .our overhead crane performance requirements are also increasing, which requires us to start from part design to ensure its growing industrial requirements. Bridge crane is a kind of intermittent operation of lifting the transport machinery, material handling as a tool in a working process, by loading, transport, unloading and returns to the original process, and thus to improve productivity, reduce costs, ensure product has a very important impact on the quality, improve transport efficiency and so on. As can be seen, handling technology will reduce product costs the most promising aspect. This paper describes the electric hook bridge crane cart double beam design theory and process, including traveling mechanism design, the design of bridge structure. There are electric motors, bearings, clutch, gear reducer selection and verification. This design correct selection of bridge structures and materials, guarantees in its use of strength, rigidity and stability, both in quality and functionality to meet the growing needs of industry. Key words: Bridge crane; The crane cart; Run institutions; Bridge structure .
II
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
目录 摘要......................................................................................... I Abstract................................................................................. II
第 2 章 大车运行机构的设计................................................wenku.baidu.com........... 6
2.1 设计的基本原则和要求........................................................................................................ 6 2.2 确定传动机构方案.................................................................................................................6 2.3 车轮和轨道的选择及强度验算............................................................................................7 2.4 运行阻力的计算..................................................................................................................... 9 2.5 电动机的选择....................................................................................................................... 10 2.6 验算电动机发热条件...........................................................................................................10 2.8 验算运行速度与实际所需功率..........................................................................................11 2.9 验算起动时间....................................................................................................................... 11 2.10 起动工况下校核减速器功率............................................................................................12 2.11 验算起动不打滑条件.........................................................................................................13 2.12 选择制动器和联轴器........................................................................................................ 14 2.13 浮动轴的验算..................................................................................................................... 16
III
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
3.3 端梁的计算........................................................................................................................... 24 3.4 主要焊缝的计算...................................................................................................................28
第 3 章 桥架结构的计算..................................................................18
3.1 桥架主要尺寸确定...............................................................................................................18 3.2 主梁的确定........................................................................................................................... 19
1.1 本课题的研究目的.................................................................................................................1 1.2 起重机目前的研究现状及未来发展方向...........................................................................1 1.3 桥式起重机的介绍及分类.................................................................................................... 2 1.4 桥式起重机的组成和特点.................................................................................................... 2 1.5 桥式起重机概论..................................................................................................................... 3 1.6 起重机设计的总体方案........................................................................................................ 4
青岛理工大学 毕 业 设 计（论 文）
题目
8t 桥式起重机大车设计（跨度 28.5m）
学生姓名： 学生学号： 指导教师：
邢伟鑫 201206266 刘琨明
机械工程 学院 机械设计制造及其自动化 专业 128 班
2016 年 6 月 15 日
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
摘要
随着社会的进步，制造业迅猛发展，国家建设的规模不断扩大，对桥式起重机的 需求越来越高，桥式起重机被广泛的应用在工业工程中运送重物、危险品、集装箱、 废弃材料等物品，与此同时，我们对桥式起重机的起吊量、灵活性及性能等方面的要 求也越来越高，这需要我们从其零件设计做起，保证其日益增长的工业要求。 桥式起重机是一种间歇动作的用来在空中搬运货物的起重运输机械，在一个工作 过程中，通过上料、运送、卸料及返回原处的过程进行货物搬运，因而对提高生产能 力及运输效率等方面有着非常重要的影响。可以看出，桥式起重机未来的完善发展将 会有非常大的潜力。 本此设计主要介绍了电动双梁吊钩桥式起重机的大车设计理论及过程，包括大车 运行机构设计、桥架结构设计等。还有电动机、轴承、联轴器、减速器的选择校核。 本设计正确选用了桥架结构及材料，保证了其在使用过程中的强度、刚度和稳定性， 在质量和功能上都满足了日益增长的工业需求。 关键词：桥式起重机；起重机大车；运行机构；桥架结构。
I
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
Abstract
With the development of the manufacturing sector, the progress of modern science and technology and the development of mass production, bridge crane is widely applied to industrial production, such as areas of production plants, warehouses, ports, industrial and mining enterprises .our overhead crane performance requirements are also increasing, which requires us to start from part design to ensure its growing industrial requirements. Bridge crane is a kind of intermittent operation of lifting the transport machinery, material handling as a tool in a working process, by loading, transport, unloading and returns to the original process, and thus to improve productivity, reduce costs, ensure product has a very important impact on the quality, improve transport efficiency and so on. As can be seen, handling technology will reduce product costs the most promising aspect. This paper describes the electric hook bridge crane cart double beam design theory and process, including traveling mechanism design, the design of bridge structure. There are electric motors, bearings, clutch, gear reducer selection and verification. This design correct selection of bridge structures and materials, guarantees in its use of strength, rigidity and stability, both in quality and functionality to meet the growing needs of industry. Key words: Bridge crane; The crane cart; Run institutions; Bridge structure .
II
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
目录 摘要......................................................................................... I Abstract................................................................................. II
第 2 章 大车运行机构的设计................................................wenku.baidu.com........... 6
2.1 设计的基本原则和要求........................................................................................................ 6 2.2 确定传动机构方案.................................................................................................................6 2.3 车轮和轨道的选择及强度验算............................................................................................7 2.4 运行阻力的计算..................................................................................................................... 9 2.5 电动机的选择....................................................................................................................... 10 2.6 验算电动机发热条件...........................................................................................................10 2.8 验算运行速度与实际所需功率..........................................................................................11 2.9 验算起动时间....................................................................................................................... 11 2.10 起动工况下校核减速器功率............................................................................................12 2.11 验算起动不打滑条件.........................................................................................................13 2.12 选择制动器和联轴器........................................................................................................ 14 2.13 浮动轴的验算..................................................................................................................... 16
III
青岛理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）说明书
3.3 端梁的计算........................................................................................................................... 24 3.4 主要焊缝的计算...................................................................................................................28
第 3 章 桥架结构的计算..................................................................18
3.1 桥架主要尺寸确定...............................................................................................................18 3.2 主梁的确定........................................................................................................................... 19