各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法[精.选]
关系代词和关系副词的用法
关系代词和关系副词的用法
在英语语言中,关系代词和关系副词是不同类型的语法成分,可以用来将句子连接在一起。
通常来说,它们均为一个句子提供定位,使指代一些具体的地点或事物,从而增加句子的意义和表达能力。
首先,关系代词是一种用来指代名词性质的语言,通常会替换整个句子。
关系代词有“which,that,what,who,whose,whom,where”等,常用来引导非限定性定语从句,其可以替换句子中的宾语或者表语,例如:This is a house which I built in 1990.(即This house is one I built in 1990.)
其次,关系副词的功能也非常类似关系代词,它们同样可以用在一个句子中来表示地点、原因或时间等信息,常用的有“when,while,where,which,why,how,since,if”等。
它们和关系代词的最大区别在于,关系副词仅负责从句的不同从句类型,而引导定语从句的则由关系代词来完成。
例如:The police are investigating the case where two people died. (即The police are investigating the case in which two people died.)此外,关系副词还可用于引导主语从句和状语从句。
从上面的内容可以发现,关系代词和关系副词的功能很类似,它们的用法也类似,可以用来让句子更加明确有逻辑。
但在进行使用时,还是有一点差别,所以要正确地把握这一点,根据句子的本身结构来正确地使用它们,使句意明晰,使文章更有工整性。
各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法知识讲解
各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法精品文档A. whomB. whoC. whoseD. which【解析】答案:B。
该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适。
4. (2004年益阳市中考试题)I hate people _______ talk much but do little.A. whoseB. whomC. whichD. who【解析】答案:D。
该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适。
【满分演练】一. 单项填空1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?---Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.A. heB. thatC. whomD. which2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.A. whoB. whichC. theyD. where3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.A. whichB. whenC. whoD. whom4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.A. whoB. whomC. heD. which5. This is the place _____I have ever visited.A. thereB. whenC. whereD. which6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.A. thatB. whichC. whyD. when7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. why8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.A. whenB. whereC. thatD. on which精品文档10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.A. whoB. thatC. whoseD. which11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where12. This is the house _______ I want to buy.A. in whichB. thatC. whoseD. where13. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where15. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house _______ we live in is very big.2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday.4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived?10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.【练习答案】一. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.D 14.D15.B三. 1.that/ which 2.who/ that 3.that/ which 4.who/ that 5.that 6.that7.which 8.which/ that 9.where 10.when。
定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法
定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法关系代词和关系副词是用来组成定语从句的重要成分,他们可以表示主句主语和从句主语的关系。
关系代词的用法比较灵活,通常有三个中心词that、which和who,还有其他表示泛指的词,即what(什么)、whoever(无论谁)、whichever(不管那一个)、whomever(无论谁)。
而关系副词则只有一个,即where(在何处)。
一、关系代词的用法1、谓语动词是动词 be 时关系代词的用法:who(人),which(物),that(物 or 人),whose(人 or 物)。
例句:This is the book that I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的书。
She is the woman who helped me.她是帮助我的那个女人。
I have a friend who likes reading.我有一个喜欢读书的朋友。
3、泛指关系代词关系代词的用法:what(什么),whoever(无论谁),whichever(不管那一个),whomever(无论谁)等。
例句:Whoever comes first will get a prize.无论谁先来都会得到一份奖品。
1、谓语动词是动词 be 时关系副词的用法:where(何处)。
例句:I remember the day when we first met.我记得是在我们第一次见面的那一天。
Do you know the reason why she quit her job?你知道她为什么要辞职的原因吗?。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词在中文语法中,定语从句是我们写作中经常会用到的一个句式。
而在定语从句的构造中,关系代词和关系副词则是起到了重要作用的一部分。
下面将按照类别分别介绍它们的具体构造及用法。
一、关系代词关系代词包括了“谁”、“哪”、“什么”、“那”等。
它们在定语从句中起到代替先行词的作用,同时也是连接主句和从句的桥梁。
具体来说,它们有以下几种用法:1. 代替人或物当先行词为人或物时,我们通常使用“谁”、“哪”等代替。
例如,“我认识的那个人说话很有趣”中,“那个人”是先行词,而“谁”则是关系代词。
2. 代替时间或地点当先行词为时间或地点时,我们通常使用“什么”、“那”等代替。
例如,“昨天我去了一个我曾经生活过的地方”中,“我曾经生活过的地方”就是先行词,而“什么”则是关系代词。
3. 合并句子当我们需要把两个句子合并为一个时,我们可以使用“那”作关系代词。
例如,“我们喜欢做饭,那可以让我们更好地享受生活”中,“可以让我们更好地享受生活”是一个句子,“我们喜欢做饭”是另一个句子,“那”则是关系代词,将两个句子联系在了一起。
二、关系副词关系副词包括了“何时”、“为何”、“在哪里”等。
它们在定语从句中主要起到代替状语的作用。
1. 代替时间当我们在描述一个事件时,需要用到时间概念,这时候我们可以使用“何时”作为关系副词。
例如,“他在大学毕业之后,不知道何时开始学习英语”中,“不知道何时开始学习英语”是定语从句,“何时”则是关系副词。
2. 代替原因当我们需要用定语从句来描述某个事件的原因时,可以使用“为何”作为关系副词。
例如,“他不在这里,我们不知道为何他要离开”中,“我们不知道他要离开”的原因是“他不在这里”,而“为何”则是关系副词。
3. 代替地点当我们需要用定语从句描述某个事件的地点时,可以使用“在哪里”作为关系副词。
例如,“我曾经去过一个你从未去过的小镇,在那里,我过着很惬意的生活”中,“那里”是先行词,“我过着很惬意的生活”是定语从句,而“在哪里”则是关系副词。
各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。
例如:The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。
例如:The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。
例如:A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
例如:I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。
例如:I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。
定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的用法
定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的用法在英语中,定语从句是一种常见的句子结构,用来修饰名词或代词,并且从句中包含一个关系词(关系代词或关系副词)。
这些关系词有不同的用法,本文将详细讨论关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的用法。
一、关系代词的用法关系代词在定语从句中可以替代一个名词,在从句中充当主语、宾语或介词宾语,并且与先行词有着相同的数和人称形式。
常见的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。
1. 关系代词作主语在定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,从句的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。
例:The book that is on the table is mine.(这本放在桌子上的书是我的。
)2. 关系代词作宾语在定语从句中,当关系代词作宾语时,它所代表的先行词是动词的直接宾语。
如果先行词是人,可以使用who或whom,如果先行词是物,则使用that或which。
例:I met the girl who/whom you introduced to me yesterday.(我昨天见了你给我介绍的那个女孩。
)3. 关系代词作介词宾语当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,关系代词之前的介词通常不能省略。
例:This is the park in which/where we often go for a walk.(这是我们经常去散步的公园。
)4. 关系代词在非限制性定语从句中的用法在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词用来引导从句,用来补充说明或者给出进一步的信息。
这时的关系代词只能用which或who,而不能使用that。
例:Michael Jordan, who is a famous basketball player, retired in 2003.(迈克尔·乔丹,一个著名的篮球运动员,在2003年退役。
)二、关系副词的用法关系副词在定语从句中用来引导从句,修饰先行词的名词。
关系副词和关系代词的用法
关系副词和关系代词的用法关系副词和关系代词是用来引导定语从句的词语,表示两个句子或两个成分之间的关系。
关系副词有:why(为什么)、when(什么时候)、where(在哪里)、how(如何)等。
关系代词有:that(不指人)、who(指人)、whom(指人,在句中作宾语时使用)、whose(指人或物的所有关系)、which(指物)等。
关系副词和关系代词的用法如下:1. 关系副词的用法:- why:引导定语从句,表示原因或理由。
例如:I don't know why he left.- when:引导定语从句,表示时间。
例如:Do you remember the day when we first met?- where:引导定语从句,表示地点。
例如:She will show you the room where she lives.- how:引导定语从句,表示方式或方法。
例如:I don't know how he did it.2. 关系代词的用法:- that/who/which:用来引导定语从句,修饰一个名词或代词。
例如:The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.The girl who/whom I met yesterday is my friend.- whom:用来引导定语从句,作宾语,一般用于非正式场合。
例如:The man whom I saw in the park is my teacher.- whose:用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
例如:The boy whose father is a doctor is in my class.需要注意的是,关系代词在从句中起着两个作用,一是引导从句,二是在从句中起一个成分(主语、宾语等)。
而关系副词只起引导从句的作用,不在从句中起成分。
英语关系代词和关系副词
英语关系代词和关系副词一、英语关系代词英语关系代词,即用来引导定语从句的代词。
它们连接名词和定语从句,起到连接作用。
英语中的关系代词包括that、who、whom、whose和which。
1. thatthat代词既可以指人,也可以指物。
在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。
2. whowho代词只能指人,在定语从句中作主语或表语,一般用于非限定性定语从句。
此外,在口语中也常用作宾语。
例如:The man who is standing over there is my uncle.那个站在那里的人是我的叔叔。
3. whomwhom代词也只能指人,在定语从句中作宾语,作为介词的宾语时挪到介词前面,一般用于正式文体。
例如:The woman whom I met yesterday is a doctor.我昨天遇见的那个女人是个医生。
4. whosewhose代词用来表示所属关系,指人或物。
它一般在定语从句中修饰名词或代词,作用相当于“……的”。
例如:The boy whose father is a doctor is my classmate.那个父亲是医生的男孩是我的同学。
5. whichwhich代词只能指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如:The computer which I bought yesterday is very expensive.我昨天买的那台电脑很贵。
二、英语关系副词英语中的关系副词包括when、where和why。
1. whenwhen代词用来引导时间状语从句,在从句中作时间状语,表示某个时间点或时间段。
例如:The day when I first met you was the happiest day in my life.我第一次遇见你的那一天是我一生中最幸福的日子。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词定语从句是英语中非常重要的从句,用于修饰前面的名词或代词,进一步限定或说明该名词或代词的特定信息。
在定语从句中,我们常常使用关系代词和关系副词来引导。
本文将详细介绍关系代词和关系副词的用法,以及它们在定语从句中的作用。
一、关系代词的用法关系代词用于代替定语从句中所修饰的词或短语,起到连接两个句子的作用。
在定语从句中,我们常用的关系代词包括:that, which, who, whom, whose。
1. that: 在限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语时,通常可以省略。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
)2. which: 用于修饰和代替非人称名词或整个句子。
例如:I lost the key, which made me very upset.(我丢了钥匙,这让我很沮丧。
)3. who/whom: 用于修饰和代替人称名词。
例如:The woman who is standing over there is my mother.(站在那边的那个女人是我妈妈。
)4. whose: 用于表示所属关系。
例如:The girl whose bag was stolen reported it to the police.(那个包被偷的女孩向警方报案了。
)二、关系副词的用法关系副词在定语从句中用来引导修饰整个句子的从句,常用的关系副词有:where, when, why。
1. where: 引导修饰地点的定语从句。
例如:This is the school where I study.(这是我上学的学校。
)2. when: 引导修饰时间的定语从句。
例如:That was the day when we met for the first time.(那是我们第一次见面的日子。
初中英语知识点归纳定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的使用
初中英语知识点归纳定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的使用定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。
在定语从句中,我们经常会用到关系代词和关系副词来引导从句。
接下来,本文将为大家总结并归纳关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的使用。
一、关系代词的使用1. 关系代词的种类英语中常用的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that。
2. 关系代词的用法a) who和that 在定语从句中引导人作主语的从句,而whom在口语中很少使用,一般用who代替。
例如:- The girl who is standing over there is my best friend.- The boy that you met yesterday is my brother.b) whose用来表示所属关系,相当于“…的”。
例如:- The girl whose car was stolen reported it to the police.c) which和that 主要用来引导物作主语或宾语的从句,而that在口语中更常用。
例如:- The book which/that is on the table is mine.- I like the cake which/that you made.3. 关系代词的省略当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
例如:- The man (whom/that) I met yesterday is a doctor.- The house (which/that) my friend bought is very beautiful.二、关系副词的使用1. 关系副词的种类英语中常用的关系副词有:where、when、why。
2. 关系副词的用法a) where用来引导地点状语从句。
例如:- This is the school where I study every day.- I will go to the city where he lives.b) when用来引导时间状语从句。
关系代词和关系副词的区别
关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词和关系副词是英语语法中的两个重要概念,它们在句子中起到连接主句和从句的作用。
虽然它们都有引导从句的功能,但在具体用法和作用上却有一些区别。
一、关系代词(Relative Pronouns)1. 关系代词的定义与用法关系代词在从句中用来引导关系从句,同时代替主句中已经出现的名词或代词。
常用的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。
具体用法如下:a. that:通常用于引导限定性从句,指物或人。
例句1: I visited the museum that my friend recommended.(我参观了我朋友推荐的博物馆。
)b. which:通常用于引导非限定性从句,指物。
例句2: The book, which is on the desk, belongs to me.(那本放在桌子上的书是我的。
)c. who:用于引导限定性从句,指人。
例句3: The girl who is playing the piano is my sister.(弹钢琴的女孩是我妹妹。
)d. whom:用于引导非限定性从句,指人。
例句4: The boy, whom I met yesterday, is from Canada.(昨天遇到的那个男孩来自加拿大。
)e. whose:用来表示所属关系,指物或人。
例句5: This is the teacher whose car was stolen.(这是那位车被盗的老师。
)2. 关系代词的特点关系代词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语等成分,并且可以在从句中替代先行词的多种形式。
举例来说,关系代词可以代替名词、代词、取代先行词的所有格等。
二、关系副词(Relative Adverbs)1. 关系副词的定义与用法关系副词在从句中充当连词,引导关系从句,并且在从句中还充当状语。
常见的关系副词有:when, where, why。
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的关系代词与关系副词
高中英语知识点归纳定语从句的关系代词与关系副词高中英语知识点归纳:定语从句的关系代词与关系副词定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要部分。
在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词起到连接主句和从句的作用,用来修饰先行词。
掌握定语从句的用法可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思,让句子更加丰富多样。
一、关系代词的用法1. who/whom关系代词"who"指人,在从句中作主语时,代替先行词作主语。
例句:The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那边的女孩是我的妹妹。
)关系代词"whom"指人,在从句中作宾语时,代替先行词作宾语。
例句:I met a man whom I had never seen before.(我遇到了一个我从未见过的人。
)2. which关系代词"which"指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,代替先行词作主语或宾语。
例句:The book which is on the table is mine.(在桌子上的那本书是我的。
)I lost the key which I found yesterday.(我丢了昨天找到的那把钥匙。
)3. whose关系代词"whose"指人或物,在从句中修饰名词,表示所属关系。
例句:He is the man whose car was stolen.(他是那辆车被偷的那个人。
)二、关系副词的用法1. where关系副词"where"指地点,在从句中作状语,表示地点的先行词。
例句:He showed us the house where he used to live.(他带我们看了他曾经住过的那座房子。
)2. when关系副词"when"指时间,在从句中作状语,表示时间的先行词。
英语语法定语从句知识点:关系代词和关系副词基本用法介绍
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根据关系词在定语从句中的不同⽤法,可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词主要有who, whom, which, that, whose等,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等;关系副词主要有when, where, why等,在定语从句中作状语。
具体⽤法如下: ⼀、关系代词的⽤法 当先⾏词指⼈时,若它在从句中作主语,则⽤who;若它在从句作宾语,则⽤whom或who;若它在从句中作定语,则⽤whose。
如: The man who told me this refused to tell me his name. 告诉我这事的⼈不肯告诉我他的名字。
The woman whose umbrella you took is very angry about it. 你拿了那个⼥⼈的伞,她⾮常⽣⽓。
当先⾏词指物时,若在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则⽤which;若它在定语从句中作定语⽤,则⽤of which或whose。
如: I saw something in the paper which might interest you. 我在报上看到⼀样可能使你感兴趣的东西。
He’s written a book the name of which (whose name) I’ve forgotten. 他写了⼀本书,书名我给忘了。
⼆、关系副词的⽤法 关系副词主要有when, where, why等,在定语从句中作状语,分别表⽰时间、在点和原因。
when主要放在time, day, years, season, age, occasion等时间的名词后;where主要放在place, city, town, village, house等地点名词后;why则通常只放在reason后。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词定语从句是英语语法中一个重要的概念,用于修饰或限制一个名词。
在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词起着关键的作用。
本文将详细介绍关系代词和关系副词的用法和特点,并通过例子来说明。
一、关系代词(Relative Pronouns)关系代词用来引导定语从句,用于连接主句和从句,同时在从句中充当名词的作用。
常见的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。
1. that: 可以指代人或物,用来引导限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是必需的。
例句:- I bought a book that is very interesting.(我买了一本非常有趣的书。
)2. which: 只能指代物,用来引导非限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是附加的。
例句:- My car, which is red, was stolen yesterday.(我的车,它是红色的,昨天被偷了。
)3. who: 只能指代人,用来引导限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是必需的。
例句:- The woman who is sitting over there is my teacher.(那个坐在那里的女人是我的老师。
)4. whom: 只能指代人,用来引导非限制性定语从句,即从句中的信息是附加的。
例句:- The girl, whom I met yesterday, is a famous actress.(那个我昨天见到的女孩是位著名的演员。
)5. whose: 可以指代人或物,引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
例句:- I have a friend whose father is a doctor.(我有一个朋友,他的父亲是个医生。
)关系代词的选择要根据其先行词的性质来确定,同时需要注意该从句在整个句子中的成分。
二、关系副词(Relative Adverbs)关系副词也是引导定语从句的一种形式,它们在从句中充当副词的作用。
掌握从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法
掌握从句中关系代词和关系副词的用法从句是独立性较强的句子结构,在句中起到陈述、解释、补充、说明等作用。
关系代词和关系副词是连接主句与从句的词,用来引导从句,并在从句中担任一定的成分。
1. 关系代词的用法:- who/whom:指人,作主语或宾语e.g. The girl who/whom I saw yesterday is my classmate.- which:指物,作主语或宾语e.g. The book which I bought is very interesting.- that:指人或物,作主语或宾语(一般省略)e.g. The car (that) my father bought is red.- whose:指人或物的所有关系,作定语修饰名词e.g. The girl whose father is a doctor is very smart.- where:表示地点,在从句中作状语e.g. I went to the school where I studied when I was young.- when:表示时间,在从句中作状语e.g. The day when we met was a sunny day.2. 关系副词的用法:- why:表示原因,在从句中作状语e.g. That's the reason why he quit his job.- when:表示时间,在从句中作状语e.g. I remember the days when we were young.- where:表示地点,在从句中作状语e.g. Please take me to the place where we met.- how:表示方式或程度,在从句中作状语、表语、主语或宾语e.g. I remember how he helped me.- as:表示方式,在从句中以连词的方式引导从句e.g. She sings as if she were an angel.需要注意的是,关系代词和关系副词引导的从句在从句中担任一个具体的成分,例如主语、宾语、定语、状语等,所以在理解和使用时要根据具体的语境来判断从句在句中的作用。
如何正确使用关系代词和关系副词
如何正确使用关系代词和关系副词?关系代词(Relative Pronouns)和关系副词(Relative Adverbs)在英语中用于引导定语从句,用来连接主句和从句,并在从句中充当名词或副词的作用。
正确使用关系代词和关系副词可以使语言更加准确、恰当和自然。
下面是关于关系代词和关系副词正确使用的一些建议和例句:1. 关系代词的选择:- who、whom、whose、that 用于修饰人。
- The girl who/that is standing over there is my sister.(站在那里的女孩是我的妹妹。
)- which、that 用于修饰物。
- The book which/that is on the table is mine.(桌子上的书是我的。
)- where 用于修饰地点。
- This is the city where I was born.(这是我出生的城市。
)- when 用于修饰时间。
- The day when we met was unforgettable.(我们相遇的那一天是难忘的。
)- why 用于修饰原因。
- That's the reason why I didn't go to the party.(那是我没有去派对的原因。
)2. 关系副词的选择:- where 用于修饰地点。
- This is the park where we often go for a walk.(这是我们经常散步的公园。
)- when 用于修饰时间。
- Do you remember the day when we went to the beach?(你记得我们去海滩的那天吗?)- why 用于修饰原因。
- That's the reason why I couldn't attend the meeting.(那是我不能参加会议的原因。
关系代词关系副词用法
关系词(关系代词和关系副词)有时可以省略, 但这只限于限制性定语从句中, 在非限制性定语从句中, 关系词那么不可省略。
1.关系代词作宾语时的省略: 当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时, 可以省略。
Is there anything (that/which) you wanted?注意: 领先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something, everything等时, 关系代词多用thatWho is the man (that/who/whom) you were talking to?This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.注意: 领先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时, 关系代词一般都用that2.关系代词作表语时的省略:当关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时, 可以省略。
China is not the country (that) it was.3.关系代词作宾补时的省略:当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足语时, 可以省略。
I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. that做宾补4.关系副词when的省略:用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于day, year, time 等少数几个词后可以省略, 也可换成thatThat was the year (when/that) I first went abroad.I’ll never forget the day (when/that) we met.5. 关系副词where的省略:用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时才可以省略, 也可换成thatThis is the place (where/that) they met yesterday.Have you met somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour?6. 关系副词why的省略: 关系副词why通常只用于the reason后引导定语从句, 且通常可换成that或for which, 均可省略。
关系代词和关系副词
Do you know the girl whose mother is a doctor
He lives in a house whose windows are small. The windows of which Of which the windows
关系副词
When: (在从句中当)时间状语 Where: (在从句中当)地点状语 Why: (在从句中当)原因状语
where;地点状语
The factory where _____I worked was built last year. =in which
比较:The factorywhich ____ I visited yesterday was built last year.
Why:原因状语 why You must tell me the reason ____you were late again. =for which
先行词是物时,介词提前只能用which,而 不能that.
Those who reported the news were excepted to speak excellent English.
先行词是those时,指人用who,指物用 which
Whose,指人、物
Do you know the girl. The girl’s mother is a doctor.
3.Who 指代人,主语、宾语
The woman got the job.
The woman can speak Russian. The woman who can speak Russian got the 主语 job.
The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
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【解析】答案:B。
该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适。
4. (2004年益阳市中考试题)
I hate people _______ talk much but do little.
A. whose
B. whom
C. which
D. who
【解析】答案:D。
该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择。
因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适。
【满分演练】
一. 单项填空
1. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?
---Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.
A. he
B. that
C. whom
D. which
2. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A. who
B. which
C. they
D. where
3. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.
A. which
B. when
C. who
D. whom
4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.
A. who
B. whom
C. he
D. which
5. This is the place _____I have ever visited.
A. there
B. when
C. where
D. which
6. Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.
A. that
B. which
C. why
D. when
7. The moon is a world ______ there is no life.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. why
8. He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
9. He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. on which
10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.
A. who
B. that
C. whose
D. which
11. He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
12. This is the house _______ I want to buy.
A. in which
B. that
C. whose
D. where
13. This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.
A. which
B. that
C. when
D. where
14. He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born.
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
15. He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1. The house _______ we live in is very big.
2. The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
3. This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday.
4. The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.
5. He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.
6. There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.
7. She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class.
8. We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.
9. Is this the place _______ your father once lived?
10. I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.
【练习答案】
一. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.D 14.D
15.B
三. 1.that/ which 2.who/ that 3.that/ which 4.who/ that 5.that 6.that
7.which 8.which/ that 9.where 10.when
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