英语常考词义辨析

常用词形词义辨析1.abroad到国外go abroadboard板on board2.across介词，表面穿过walk across the roadcross动词cross the roadthrough介词，空间穿过go through the windowpast介词，经过walk past the post officepass 动词pass the test3.alive 活着的I am still alive.live现场直播is covered live居住live in the citylively活泼的make his class lively and interestingliving : make a living/ a living room4.lonely孤独feel lonely孤零零a lonely housealone独自live alonealong沿着walk along the street5.asleep 睡着的fall asleepsleepy困倦的feel sleepy6.fall 落下，倒fall downfell ：fall的过去式(fall—fell---fallen)feel 觉得feel sleepy/tired---过去式felt7.badly---worse Jim acted badly, but Tom did worse.well—better He plays football well and his father does better.8.boring, interesting, exciting, tiring…修饰物an interesting storybored, interested, excited, tired…修饰人feel bored9.borrow 借进（以句子主语为参照物）May I borrow your pen?lend 借出（以句子主语为参照物）Could you lend me some money?keep 借一段时间How long can I keep the magazine?10.both两者都Both of his parents are workers.all 三者以上都All of my classmates are from China.neither 两者都不Neither of my hands is clean.none没有一个（三者及以上）None of the four apples is/are red.nothing什么都没有There’s nothing in the fridge.11.care：take care ofcareful 形，仔细的be careful with firecarefully 副，仔细地listen carefullycareless 形，粗心的a careless studentcarelessly 副，粗心地drive carelesslycarelessness名，粗心Your carelessness led to the mistake.12.take 带走（以说话者为中心）remember to take a raincoatbring 带来（以说话者为中心）bring your book herecarry 拿，无方向Could you help me carry the books?13.close 动词，关闭close the door形，亲密的my closest friendclosed 形，关着的keep the door closed14.closely 副，密切地work closely with us15.brave 形，勇敢的He is brave enough to save the old man.courage 名，勇气have the courage to tell him the bad newsbravely 副，勇敢地face the difficulties bravely16.dead 形，死的have been deaddie 动，死亡die of hungerdeath 名，死亡the death of his pet makes him so sad.17.especially副，尤其He is good at all subjects, especially maths.specially 副，专门The pen is specially designed for the boy.special形，特殊的a special day18.except 除了All the students except Tom will go for a school trip.expect 期待You are expected to bring it back when you return.19.excited形，激动的，修饰人feel excitedexciting形，激动人心的，修饰物an exciting filmexcitedly 副，修饰人shouted excitedlyexcitement名shout with excitement20.a little一些，修饰不可数名词 a little moneya few一些，修饰可数名词a few treeslittle几乎没有，修饰不可数名词There’s little water in the glass, is it?few几乎没有，修饰可数名词so few students21.form 形成form a good reading habitfrom 从……22.France 法国/ French 法语German 德国的/ Germany 德国23.hard 努力work hardhardly 几乎不The boy hardly does his homework.24.healthy 健康的keep healthyhealth 健康it’s good for your healthhealthily 健康地eat healthily25.if 如果主将从现If he comes, I’ll call you.是否I don’t know if he will come here.whether 是否（如与or连用，则用）I wonder whether he’ll come or not.weather 天气What will the weather be like tomorrow?26.include 动词包括The list includes the names of many famous writers.including 介词They have many pets, including three cats.27.invent 动词发明Edison invented a lot of things.invention 名词发明The invention made much difference to humans.inventor 名词发明者Edison was a great inventor.st 上一个的last year; 最后的make her last apperance动词，持续The meeting will last one and a half hours.lasting 形，持久的a lasting value29.lie 名词，谎言tell a lie动词，说谎He is always lying to us.动词，位于Japan lies to the east of China.动词，躺，平放He likes lying on the grass.躺，平放；位于：lie—lay---lain说谎：lie-lied-lied30.luck 名，运气good lucklucky 形，幸运的a lucky numberluckily 副，幸运的是Luckily, we got better marks.unlucky/unluckily31.noise名，噪音Don’t make any noise.noisy 形，吵闹的much too noisynoisily 副，吵闹地talk noisily32.noise 噪音sound 声音We sat listening to the sound of the waves听起来The music sounds beautiful.voice 嗓音The singer has a sweet voice.33.provide 提供provide a chance for the boy=provide the boy with a chanceoffer :offer a chance to the boy=offer the boy a chance34.other别的，加名词other studentsanother另一个I don’t like the pair of shoes, would you like to show me another pair?the other 两个中的另一个,常用one…the other Here is a shoe, where’s the other one?others= other+名词35.over/ under 年龄的上下above/ below温度，楼层的上下36.peace名词，和平love peacepeaceful形，宁静的a peaceful villagepeacefully 副，和平地we hope to solve the problem peacefully.37.pleasure名，乐意。

对方请求帮助—With pleasure. 帮助后对方感谢—My pleasure./It’s my pleasure.pleasant 形，修饰物a pleasant trippleased形，修饰人I am pleased with the robot.38.pollute动，污染The water will be polluted if you do that.polluted形，被污染的Our planet is becoming more and more polluted and crowded.pollution 名，污染noise pollution39.quiet 安静的keep quietquite相当quite quiet40.receive收到accept 接受I received a valuable gift but I didn’t accept it because of its value.41.realize 实现，主语为人I am sure you will realize your dream.come true 实现，主语为物I hope your dream will come true.42.raise 升起，及物动词，后面必须跟宾语raise your hand/ raise the nationalflag( raise—raised—raised)rise不及物动词，后面不可以跟宾语the sun rises, the price rises, the water level rises( rise—rose---risen)43.sad 形，悲伤的too sad to say a wordsadness名，悲伤share your joy and sadnesssadly副，遗憾的是Sadly, few people were saved.44.safe 形，安全的a safe placesafety名，安全Safety comes first.safely副，安全地The plane landed safely.save 动，挽救save money, save his life45.satisfied 形，满意的I am not satisfied with the machine at all.satisfy 动，满足satisfy your need46.search 搜索（范围）search for （目标）The police are searching the city for the murderer.47.serve 动,服务serve the old couple politelyservice 名I will never forget its good service./ be in service48.smile名，微笑wear a big smile on her face动smile at me kindlysmiling 形，微笑的Her smiling eyes make her loved by all the people.49.succeed动，成功At last, he succeeded in winning the first prize.success名，成功It turned out that her speech was a big success.successful形，成功的I’m sure that you’ll be successful.successfully副，成功地At last, he won the first prize successfully.50.take 花费（时间）,主语是物How long does it take you to fly to Chengdu?spend 花费时间或金钱，主语为人He spent 10,000 yuan on the bike.I spend an hour readingevery day.cost 花费金钱，主语为物The flat cost me 1,000,000 yuan.pay 花费金钱，主语为人They pay 100 yuan for the shoes.51.though虽然I take my medicine, though I do not like it.thought想的过去式I've thought about it for some time.想法Her thought isn’t the same as mine.through （从空间）通过the light shines through the sharp teeth52.wide 形，宽的The river is 300 metres wide.副，充分地open his eyes widewidely 副，广泛地English is widely used all over the world.53.hope 希望hope to do;实现的可能性大;不可用hope sb. to do, 可改用hope 从句结构I hope to go to college.My father hopes that I can go to college.wish 希望，可用wish sb. to do;实现的可能性不大，所以从句用虚拟语气I wish I could get rid of the habit of smoking.54.worry 名，担忧share your worries with me动，担忧Don’t worry about your exams.worried形，担心的I am so worried about his heal th that I can’t sleep well.55.have sb. do sth.让某人做某事，类似于make sb. do: Will you like to have him callyou back ?have sth done 请人做Her father had the book punished.have sth to do 有……要做I have too much homework to do today. have done sth 做了某事I have finished all my homework now.。