作后置定语的短语及非谓语动词的归类
非谓语动词做后置定语的三种形式
非谓语动词做后置定语的三种形式非谓语动词做后置定语是英语语法中的一种常见现象。
在句中，非谓语动词通常作为名词或代词的修饰语，起到补充说明的作用。
非谓语动词常见的三种形式包括动词-ing形式，动词-ed形式以及不定式形式。
下面我们就分别介绍一下这三种形式的用法及注意事项。
动词-ing形式动词-ing形式在句中通常表示一个正在进行的动作，作为名词或代词的后置定语修饰主语或宾语。
例如：1. I saw a woman reading a book in the park.（我在公园里看见一个正在读书的女人。
）2. The boy singing on the stage is my cousin.（在舞台上唱歌的男孩是我的表兄。
）需要注意的是，当动作与主句中的动作同时发生时，动词-ing形式可以与主句的情态动词或其他动词的进行时形式连用。
例如：1. She is always studying hard, trying to get high grades.（她总是努力学习，希望获得高分。
）2. I’m sorry, I can’t talk right now. I’m cooking dinner.（对不起，我现在不能和你聊天。
我正在做饭。
）动词-ed形式动词-ed形式通常表示完成的动作或对主语或宾语造成的影响或结果。
例如：1. The movie bored me. （这部电影让我感到无聊。
）2. The book written by the famous author was really good.（那个著名作家写的书非常好。
）需要注意的是，动词-ed形式还可以用来修饰某些情态动词或助动词，形成被动语态，例如：1. The letter has been written by my secretary.（这封信已经被我的秘书写好了。
）2. The house was built by my grandfather many years ago.（这个房子是我祖父很多年前建造的。
英语四种后置定语的结构
英语四种后置定语的结构
英语的四种后置定语结构包括介词短语、形容词短语、分词短语和不定式短语。
以下是具体的解析：
1.介词短语：介词短语作为后置定语非常常见，通常用来表示被修饰名词的地点、时间、方式、目的等。
例如，“the book on the shelf”中，“on the shelf”就是介词短语作为后置定语，修饰“the book”。
2.形容词短语：形容词短语也可以作为后置定语，通常由形容词和其修饰的名词构成。
例如，“I have a job, easy and well-paid.”中，“easy and well-paid”就是形容词短语作为后置定语，修饰“job”。
3.分词短语：现在分词短语和过去分词短语都可以作为后置定语。
现在分词短语表示主动和进行，而过去分词短语表示被动和完成。
例如，“the girl singing in the room”中，“singing in the room”就是现在分词短语作为后置定语，修饰“the girl”。
4.不定式短语：动词不定式加上相关成分也可以构成短语来担任后置定语。
它可以表示未来、目的等含义。
例如，“the decision to leave”中，“to leave”就是不定式短语作为后置定语，修饰“decision”。
英语后置定语
2.形容词短语做修饰语时，往往后置。 例如：
He looked at the street full of cars. 他看着车辆拥挤的街道 Italian is a Language very difficult to learn. 意大利语是一门非常难学的语言。 She has a garden much larger than yours . 她的花园比你的花园大得多。
4、过去分词短语做后置定语 表示被动意义、完成意义或状态意义。 例如： What’s the language spoken in that area? 那个地区讲什么语言？ Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活动吗？
5、动词不定式做后置定语：
This is a subject worthy of careful study． 这是一个值得仔细研究的问题
三.单个词做后置定语
（一）某些形容词 （二）副词 （三）某些过去分词
（一）形容词做后置定语
1.以a为词首的形容词 2.以后缀-able 和-ible 结尾的形容词 3.形容词修饰 由any-,every-, some-等跟body, -one,-thing构成的不定代词
1. 英语中有些以a为词首的形容词做定语时，均放在被修饰语 后面。
如： alone, alike, afraid, aware, ashamed, awake 等 例：
The girl asleep soundly is my younger sister. 正熟睡的小女孩是我的小妹妹。 He is the greatest writer alive. 他是当代最伟大的作家。
（2）要看关系代词在从句中句法功能 I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语） I still remember the days which/that we spent together. （作宾语） I‘d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. （做定语） （3）要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。 He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。 (which指整个主句)
可以作后置定语的各种成分
后置定语一、形容词1、形容词修饰由some-, any-, every-, no- 构成的复合不定代词时，只能作后置定语。
如：（1）There is something unusual in her voice.她的声音有些反常。
（2）They provided us with everything necessary.他们向我们提供了各种必需品。
（3）Is there anything important in the paper?报纸上有什么重要消息吗？（4）There is nothing wrong with your words. 你的话没有错。
2、形容词与介词短语、动词不定式短语或其他附加词连用作定语时，需放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
这类词有：easy（容易的）、difficult（困难的）、impossible （不可能）、different（不同的）、similar（类似的）、equal（相等的）、responsible （负责的）、suitable（合适的）、sufficient（充足的）等。
如：（1）It was a conference fruitful of results.这是一个富有成效的会议。
（2）He is one of the leading members responsible for the work.他是负责这项工作的领导之一。
（3）The girl is married to a man greedy for money.那女孩嫁给了一个贪财的人。
（4）English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master.英语是一门易学而难精通的语言。
注：形容词词组作定语时一般后置，但有些则可以部分前置，部分后置，形成名词修饰语不连续的现象。
如：a. They have facilities comparable to ours. 他们有和我们相同的设备。
英语后置定语
（2）要看关系代词在从句中句法功能 I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语） I still remember the days which/that we spent together. （作宾语） I‘d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. （做定语） （3）要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。 He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。 (which指整个主句)
现在分词短语做后置定语，在意义上相当 于一个定语从句。 但在转换时，要注意动词的主语和时态。
例如上述两句可转化为:
They built a highway which led into the mountains. We met a group of pupils who returned from school.
（2）表示主谓关系 被修饰的名词表示逻辑主语 修饰它的动词不定式结构表示逻辑谓语。 例如：
He’s always the first to come. 他总是第一个来。 Among the men to take part in the work, he is probably the most active. 在要参加这项工作的人中，他恐怕是最积极的。
二.短语做后置定语
1、介词短语 2、形容词短语 3 、现在分词短语 4、过去分词短语 5、动词不定式
6、动词不定式复合结构
非谓语动词
7、有些形容词常与某些介词短语搭配
1、介词短语做后置定语 介词短语做后置修饰语
英语后置定语课件
英语后置定语
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（二）副词做后置定语 副词做定语时一般放在名词之后 在意义上表示时间、地点等。 例如：
The weather here is very nice. 这里的天气很好
英语后置定语
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• 注意： • 动词不定式有时可以代替一个定语从句做后置定语。 • 例如 • (1)Perhaps in the years to come(=that will come) we
will meet again. • 也许在未来的岁月中我们还会再见面。 • (2)She made a list of things to be taken(= which/that
（3）要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。 He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。 (which指整个主句)
英语后置定语
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二.短语做后置定语
• 1、介词短语
• 2、形容词短语
• 3 、现在分词短语
• 4、过去分词短语
成的不定代词
英语后置定语
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• 1. 英语中有些以a为词首的形容词做定语时，均放在被修饰语后 面。
• 如：alone, alike, afraid, aware, ashamed, awake 等 • 例：
• The girl asleep soundly is my younger sister. • 正熟睡的小女孩是我的小妹妹。 • He is the greatest writer alive.
非谓语做后置定语课件
非谓语动词做后置定语具有简洁 、生动的表达效果，能够避免冗 长的从句结构，使句子更加紧凑 。
常见形式
动词不定式做后置定语
过去分词做后置定语
to do形式，表示名词的性质、状态 或动作。例如：The book to read is on the table.
ed形式，表示名词已经完成的动作或 状态。例如：The broken glass is dangerous.
。
不定式做后置定语
总结词
表示目的或结果
详细描述
不定式做后置定语时，可以表示目的或结果，强调某个动 作的目的或结果状态。例如，“the decision to leave” 表示“离开的决定”。
总结词
表示将来时间
详细描述
不定式做后置定语时，可以表示将来的时间，强调某个动 作将在未来发生。例如，“the meeting to take place next week”表示“下周将要举行的会议”。
过去分词做后置定语
总结词
表示受影响状态
详细描述
过去分词做后置定语时，可以表示被 修饰的名词所受到的影响或结果状态 ，强调状态的变化。例如，“the injured player”表示“受伤的球员 ”。
过去分词做后置定语
总结词
表示逻辑关系
详细描述
过去分词做后置定语时，可以表示逻辑上的因果关系或条件关系，强调某个条件或原因 导致的结果。例如，“the man killed in the accident”表示“在事故中丧命的人”
非谓语做后置定语 课件
目 录
• 非谓语动词做后置定语的概述 • 非谓语动词做后置定语的分类 • 非谓语动词做后置定语的用法 • 非谓语动词做后置定语的特殊情况 • 非谓语动词做后置定语的练习与解析
英语后置定语的详细用法
（二）副词做后置定语 副词做定语时一般放在名词之后 在意义上表示时间、地点等。 例如：
The weather here is very nice. 这里的天气很好
People in the world play basketball. （范围）世界上的人们都打篮球。
His love for his country is very great. （动宾）他很热爱自己的国家。
The city of New York is very large. （同位）纽约城很大。
他是当代最伟大的作家。
这些词在有一状语修饰时，也可以做前置定语。
例如：
熟睡的孩子们
the fast asleep children 完全醒着的病人
Fast：紧紧地；彻底地
the wide awake patient 一个有点惊恐的士兵
Wide：充分地
a somewhat afraid soldier
It's the only solution possible. 这是唯一可能采取的解决办法。 Are there any tickets available?还有票吗？ That's the only star visible now.那是颗现在唯一可见的星。
3.形容词修饰 由any-,every-, some-等跟-body, -one,thing构成的 不定代词时，一般放在其后。
（3）表示修饰关系
动词不定式对其修饰的成分起一种描绘阐述作用。
例如：
It’s already time to start planting trees. 已经到了植树的季节。
雅思语法之后置定语在雅思阅读中的考点
雅思语法之后置定语在雅思阅读中的考点后置定语是英语法中修饰名词的修饰语，因位置在所修饰的名词后，所以叫后置定语。
比如：the girl dancing with Tom’s brother中dancing with Tom’s brother修饰前面的girl，翻译为与Tom哥哥跳舞的女孩，是后置定语。
当然可以做后置定语的成分很多，但在雅思阅读考试中必考的是非谓语动词做后置定语的形式。
非谓语动词主要由三种形式，现在分词doing、过去分词done和不定式to do，考试中尤其以现在分词考察的最多。
1. 现在分词短语作后置定语现在分词用作后置定语通常表示这个分词的逻辑主语和它是一种主动的主谓关系，但由于句中已经有了谓语，所以在这种情况下只能用非谓语动词中的现在分词的形式来表示，比如例句1-4。
例句1: C5T2P1 第六段中Sharp corners proved impractical and were thus avoided, giving rise to the smooth, “streamlined”style popular in the 1930s.句中的giving是非谓语动词，与主句的主语sharp concerns构成主动关系，由sharp corners发出give这个动作。
例句2: C6T1P3 F段中With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the mysteries of climate change in the Arctic. Having survived there for centuries, they believe their wealth of traditional knowledge is vital to the task.第二句中的having是非谓语动词，与句子主语they构成主动关系，they指代第1句的the Inuit ，由they发出have这个动作。
现在分词短语做后置定语
2.形容词短语做修饰语时，往往后置。 例如：
He looked at the street full of cars. 他看着车辆拥挤的街道
3、现在分词短语做后置定语 现在分词短语做定语时，一定放在被修饰成分的后面。 例如：
They built a highway leading into the mountains. 他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。 We met a group of pupils returning from school. 我们碰到了一群从学校回来的孩子。
关系代词：that, which, whose, who, whom, as；
关系副词：when, where, why。
短语做后置定语
1、介词短语 2、形容词短语 3 、现在分词短语 4、过去分词短语 5、动词不定式
6、动词不定式复合结构
非谓语动词
7、有些形容词常与某些介词短语搭配
1、介词短语做后置定语 介词短语做后置修饰语
6 动词不定式复合结构做后置定语
和不定式短语一样，均只能放在被修饰成分后面，做后置定语 例如：He bought a house for his children to live in.
他买了一套房子给孩子们住。
7、有些形容词常与某些介词短语搭配，作后置定语
The leaders present at the meeting totalled eight． 出席会议的领导共有八人。
（二）副词做后置定语 副词做定语时一般放在名词之后 在意义上表示时间、地点等。 例如：
The weather here is very nice. 这里的天气很好 The building around are mostly of modern constructions. 这附近多数是现代化建筑。
作后置定语的短语及非谓语动词的归类
作后置定语的短语及非谓语动词的归类一、作后置定语的短语源自于原定语从句。
A、形容词短语A problem (which/that is) difficult to solve.Hard to work out.Easy to handle.An actor (who/that is) famous for his fine acting.As Master.To us all.A rich man (who/that is) content/satisfied/pleased with what he has.A king (who/that is ) proud of his success.=(taking pride in his success.)The student (who/that is ) anxious to keep up with others.A school (which/that is ) far away from here.The house (which/that is ) different from ours.The word (which/that is ) common to most languages.Something (that is) wrong with the watch.(=the matter / the trouble with the watch.) The teacher (who/that is ) responsible for the class.(=in charge of the class.)A basket (which/that is ) full of eggs.(=filled with eggs.)A boy (who/that is) eager to go.(=anxious to go.)A man (who/that is) ready to die for justice.A man (who/that is ) afraid of making enemies.(=afraid to make enemies.)Books (which/that are) easy to digest.A state (which/that is) similar to mine.An opinion (which/that is) contrary to ours.A man (who/that is) often forgetful his promise.Customs (which/that is) peculiar to Japanese.A condition (which/that is) unfavourable to the enterprise.A girl (who/that is) ashamed of playing so badly.A city (which/that is) well-known for its hot spring.B、介词短语a man (who/that is ) of honour.(= an honoured man.= an honorable man )a mountain (which /that is ) of great height (= a very high mountain)a matter (which/that is ) of no importance (= an unimportant matter)a child (who/that is ) without home (= a homeless child)the man (who/that is ) at the door.The book (which/that is) on the desk.The shop (which/that is ) opposite the post office.A man (who/that is) with curly hair.A specialist in chest disease.Anxiety about your safety.Satisfaction with your workInterest in your studyIdeas behind the timesThe man in chargeNo thought about getting marriedNo trouble about smokingA lecture about smokingHis dream about becoming richA proposal about building a bridgeThe news at home and abroadConcern at hearing the newsDisappoint at not having received an invitationPride at meeting Tom againExcitement at hearing the wordThe reason for doing itMedicine for curing foolsC、名词词组和副词词组等a desk (which/that is ) two metres in widethe place (which/that is to the ) east of Chinachildren as young as sevenpeople more than sixtythe men over thereD、后置和前置问题有些形容词作定语时必须后置what else/more do you want to say?= Is there anything else/more you want to say?Nothing else/more.Anywhere quiet.有些形容词作定语时可后置也可前置I have enough money to buy the car.=I have money enough to buy the car.I have just come from the nearby village.=I have just come from the village nearby.Do you see the opposite house?=Do you see the house opposite?而副词作定语只能后置the statement below people inside the bridge thereour life abroad the distance across a day offin January last/next on Friday next on the day followingin time past the trend now the world today and tomorrow而有些词前置或后置时会产生不同意义the concerned (担忧的) mother the mother concerned (有关提到的)the present (现在的) members the members present(在场的)the involved (复杂的) issues the issues involved(牵涉的)the responsible (可靠的) man the man responsible (负责的)二、作后置定语源自于主谓（即实意动词）或主谓宾的定语从句可以缩短成以下五种非谓语动词形式。
英语中的后置定语用法详细解答 ——by Fiona
超详细的英语中的后置定语的讲解之迟辟智美创作一定语从句作后置定语——（常呈现在句子、文章中，而且是考试的重点，注重理解和应用能力，）1)The girl I saw told me to come back today.2)This house, for which he paid $ 150,000,is now worth $3000,000.这所房子他买时花了15万美元，现在值30万美元.3)Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work.星期天是假日，这一天人们不上班. 学习、理解和掌握英语后置定语，并能够清楚地域分和使用各种后置定语的用法是十分重要的，对学习英语，理解英语文章二短语作定语须后置（一般情况下短语做定语放在被修饰的名词后做后置定语）------（常呈现在句子、文章中，注重理解能力，较少呈现考题）1.形容词短语做定语，通常后置例如：Italian is a Language very difficult to learn. 意年夜利语是一门非常难学的语言.She has a garden much larger than yours . 她的花园比你的花园年夜很多.2介词短语作后置定语 the bird in the tree树上的那只小鸟 the map on the wall墙上的舆图 the development of China中国的发展 the standard of living生活水平 the south side of the Changjiang river长江两岸 the way to the hotel去旅馆的路 the life in the future未来的生活3非谓语动词短语（不定式、现在分词、过去分词）作定语时，必需后置⑴①动词不定式作后置定语：在某些名词后可用动词不定式作定语.例如：ability, anxiety, attempt, decision, chance, courage, right, determination, promise, ambition, drive, effort, eagerness, failure, inclination, intention, movement, need, opportunity, plan, reason, struggle, time, way, wish等等.例句：1)Has he the ability to do the work?他有能力干这项工作吗？2)I don't have the courage to tell you the secret.我没有勇气告诉你那个秘密.3)You have no right to do such a thing!你没有做这样的事的权利！4)I'll show you my determination to stop smoking.我将向你们标明我戒烟的决心.②.动词不定式有时可以取代一个定语从句和后置定语.例如： (1)Perhaps in the years to come(=that will come)we will meet again.也许在未来的岁月中我们还会再见面.(2)In the lectures to follow(=that will follow), she talked of her trip to America.在后来的讲座中，她谈到了她的美国之行.(3)She made a list of things to be taken(= which/that will be taken)on the way.她开了一张要带在路上用的物品清单.③另外，动词不定式还可以和关系代词which连用作定语： 1)She must have time in which to pack.她必需有时间收拾行李.2)He also had a revolver with which to defend himself.他还有一把防身用的左轮手枪.3)He only had long night in which to study.他只有漫漫长夜可以用来学习.⑵现在分词短语作后置定语.例如：1)There is a lady asking to see you.有位女士要求见你.2)The girl sitting by my side is my cousin.坐在我旁边的是我表妹.3)Here is a map showing you how to get to the railway station.这儿有一张舆图，告诉你怎样去火车站.⑶.过去分词短语作后置定语.例如：1)What did you think of the play put on by the students?你认为学生们上演的话剧怎么样？2)She is a nurse trained by ourselves.她是我们自己培养的护士.3)What is the language spoken in svain?西班牙使用的是什么语言？⑷.部份过去分词也可以作后置定语.例如： left, gained, used, offered, discussed, ordered, wounded, injured, concerned, conducted, done, held, arranged, planned, suggested, finished, completed, arrested, given, fallen, constructed, missed，等等.例如：1)Is there anybody injured?有人负伤吗？2)The money left is not enough for so many people to live through.剩余的钱不够这么多人用的.3)She liked all the courses offered.她对所开的课程都很喜欢.4)The experience gained will be of great value to us.取得的经验将我们很有价值.三单个词作后置定语的情况：（一般情况下单个词做定语一般放在被修饰的名词前做前置定语，以下情况放在被修饰的名词后做后置定语）——（常呈现在句子、文章中，注重理解能力，中学较少呈现考题，年夜学考试会呈现考题）1、形容词作疑问词的后置定语修饰疑问词what, which, who, whose, whom, when, where, why, how时，修饰语要后置.例如： 1)What important would you like to talk about?你将谈论什么重量的事情？2)Who else will go with us?还有谁将和我们一起去？3)Where new have they decided to visit?他们决定到哪些没有去过的处所观赏？2形容词作复合不定代词的后置定语当被修饰词为复合不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything; somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody; someone, anyone, everyone, no one时，修饰语常位于被修饰的不定代词之后.例如： 1)I have something important to tell you.我有些重要的事情要告诉你.2)Do you have anything else to say about it?关于这件事，你还有什么要说的吗？3)Someone important will give the students a lecture on the current international situation this afternoon.今天下午，一位重要的人物将给学生们做一场有关以后国际形势的陈说.3.enough作后置定语 enough(a.)修饰名词时既可以在名词前，也可以在名词后.例如： 1)We have not enough time(or time enough)to do the job.我们没有足够的时间做该工作.2)They have enough people(or people enough)to do the experiment.他们有足够多的人手做这个实验. 但enoush(adv.作副词)修饰形容词或副词时，须位于被修饰的形容词或副词之后.例如：good enough （足够好的），large enough（够年夜的），fast enough（够快），well enough（相当好）.4.部份副词作后置定语某些暗示地址、方位、时间的副词作定语时，通常要后置如：above（上方的），below（下面的），on（活动，进行，上演），out（外出），back（后面的），away（离开的）等修饰名词时位于被修饰词之后.例如：Do you know the lady downstairs ? 你认识楼下的那位女士吗？The people there are going to Beijing. 那里的人们筹算去北京.The life tomorrow will be more comfortable. 明天的生活将令人感到更舒适. The clouds above began to get thicker，上方的云开始密集起来. From the hill top we could see the plain below.从山顶上我们可以看到下面的平原. She went to see them on the evening out.凡她晚上外出总去看他们.5.含有－able , －ible 等后缀的形容词作定语时，常放在被修饰的词后面.例如：The travellers have tried all the ways possible.这些旅行者已试过了所有可能通的路.I have a computer available.我有一台可使用的电脑.6.某些以a开头的形容词（一般做表语）如alive 、asleep等作定语时，必需后置.例如：The lady is one of the greatest novelist alive.这位女士是现今最伟年夜的小说家之一.The man asleep in bed is my elder brother .熟睡在床上的人是我哥哥.注：某些形容词前置与后置时，意义有很年夜的区别.例如：The present government supports the USA.现在的政府支持美国.The Smiths , and other people present were surprised at the news .史密斯夫妇以及其他在场的人对此消息感到惊讶.That’s not the proper way to stop the machine.用这种方式关失落机器是不妥当的.Architecture（建筑）proper is art .建筑自己就是艺术.。
英语中后置定语的用法
p等la。nned,
suggested,
1) Is there anybody injured?有人负伤吗？
2) The money left is not enough for so many people
t剩o 余liv的e t钱hr不ou够gh这. 么多人用的。
3她) 对Sh所e l开ike的d a课ll程th都e c很ou喜rs欢es。offered.
joined the army. I still remember the days which/that we spent together. I‘d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. He changed his mind, which made me very angry.
Translate this sentence into Chinese:
The student who answered the question was John. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. People who take physical exercise live longer. I still remember the day when /on which my brother
总结后置定语的用法？哪类句子，短语，词可以 做后置定语？
后置定语可以分为三大类：
1. 定语从句
非谓语动词短语
2. 短语：
形容词短语
不定式短语 现在分词短语 过去分词短语
介词短语
某些形容词 3.单个词 副词
某些过去分词
一.定语从句做后置定语 用法： 1.构成：先行词+关系代/副词+从句 2. 引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词：that, which, whose, who, whom, as； 关系副词：when, where, why。
最新现在分词短语做后置定语
3、现在分词短语做后置定语 现在分词短语做定语时，一定放在被修饰成分的后面。 例如：
They built a highway leading into the mountains. 他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。 We met a group of pupils returning from school. 我们碰到了一群从学校回来的孩子。
1、介词短语做后置定语 介词短语做后置修饰语
在意义上表示时间、地点、范围、类别、来源、动宾、同位等语义关系。
例如：
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou. （地点）北京的天气比广州冷。 People in the world play basketball. （范围）世界上的人们都打篮球。 His love for his country is very great. （动宾）他很热爱自己的国家。 The city of New York is very large. （同位）纽约城很大。
1. 定语从句
非谓语动词短语
2. 短语： 形容词短语
介词短语
3.单个词
不定式短语 现在分词短语 过去分词短语
________________________________ __________________
定语从句做后置定语 用法： 1.构成：先行词+关系代/副词+从句 2. 引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词：that, which, whose, who, whom, as； 关系副词：when, where, why。
________________________________ __________________
后置定语的几种类型
后置定语的几种类型1. 形容词短语作后置定语形容词短语可以作为后置定语，对名词进行修饰。
形容词短语通常放在名词的后面，并且与名词有特定的逻辑关系。
例子：•The book on the table is mine.•He is wearing a T-shirt in different colors.2. 介词短语作后置定语介词短语可以作为后置定语，对名词进行修饰。
介词短语通常放在名词的后面，并且与名词有特定的逻辑关系。
例子：•The woman in the red dress is my sister.•They live in a house by the sea.3. 不定式短语作后置定语不定式短语可以作为后置定语，对名词进行修饰。
不定式短语通常放在名词的后面，并且与名词有特定的逻辑关系。
例子：•I have a lot of work to do.•She gave me a book to read.4. 从句作后置定语从句可以作为后置定语，对名词进行修饰。
从句通常放在名词的后面，并且与名词有特定的逻辑关系。
•The boy who is playing soccer is my friend.•I saw a movie that was really funny.5. 名词作后置定语名词可以作为后置定语，对另一个名词进行修饰。
名词作后置定语时，通常放在被修饰名词的后面。
例子：•The city government is planning a new park.•Can you pass me the salt shaker?6. 分词作后置定语分词可以作为后置定语，对名词进行修饰。
分词作后置定语时，通常放在名词的后面，并且与名词有特定的逻辑关系。
例子：•The broken window needs to be fixed.•I saw a man running in the park.7. 数词作后置定语数词可以作为后置定语，对名词进行修饰。
英语的定语后置
英语的定语后置Document serial number【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】定语后置1. 某些表示地点、方位、时间的副词作定语时，通常要后置。
例如：Do you know the lady downstairs你认识楼下的那位女士吗The people there are going to Beijing.那里的人们打算去北京。
The life tomorrow will be more comfortable.明天的生活将令人感到更舒适。
2. 介词短语作定语时，必须后置。
例如：The friendship between the two countries will last forever . 两国之间的友谊将长存。
The ball under the chair is mine.椅子下的球是我的。
3. 非谓语动词短语（不定式和分词）作定语时，必须后置。
例如：The people living here are fond of folk songs.住在这里的人们喜爱民歌。
What is the language spoken in this African country 这个非洲国家讲什么语言This is the gentleman to be interviewed next time.这是下次要采访的先生。
4. 从句作定语时，必须后置。
例如：She married a man who is rich.她嫁给了一位有钱人。
The officer visited an island where only two soldiers live .这位军官访问了只有两位战士居住的一个岛屿。
5. 其他定语后置现象（1）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要后置。
例如：－What’s the matter with you 您怎么啦－Nothing serious. 没啥大不了的事儿。
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作后置定语的短语及非谓语动词的归类一、作后置定语的短语源自于原定语从句。
A、形容词短语A problem (which/that is) difficult to solve.Hard to work out.Easy to handle.An actor (who/that is) famous for his fine acting.As Master.To us all.A rich man (who/that is) content/satisfied/pleased with what he has.A king (who/that is ) proud of his success.=(taking pride in his success.)The student (who/that is ) anxious to keep up with others.A school (which/that is ) far away from here.The house (which/that is ) different from ours.The word (which/that is ) common to most languages.Something (that is) wrong with the watch.(=the matter / the trouble with the watch.) The teacher (who/that is ) responsible for the class.(=in charge of the class.)A basket (which/that is ) full of eggs.(=filled with eggs.)A boy (who/that is) eager to go.(=anxious to go.)A man (who/that is) ready to die for justice.A man (who/that is ) afraid of making enemies.(=afraid to make enemies.)Books (which/that are) easy to digest.A state (which/that is) similar to mine.An opinion (which/that is) contrary to ours.A man (who/that is) often forgetful his promise.Customs (which/that is) peculiar to Japanese.A condition (which/that is) unfavourable to the enterprise.A girl (who/that is) ashamed of playing so badly.A city (which/that is) well-known for its hot spring.B、介词短语a man (who/that is ) of honour.(= an honoured man.= an honorable man )a mountain (which /that is ) of great height (= a very high mountain)a matter (which/that is ) of no importance (= an unimportant matter)a child (who/that is ) without home (= a homeless child)the man (who/that is ) at the door.The book (which/that is) on the desk.The shop (which/that is ) opposite the post office.A man (who/that is) with curly hair.A specialist in chest disease.Anxiety about your safety.Satisfaction with your workInterest in your studyIdeas behind the timesThe man in chargeNo thought about getting marriedNo trouble about smokingA lecture about smokingHis dream about becoming richA proposal about building a bridgeThe news at home and abroadConcern at hearing the newsDisappoint at not having received an invitationPride at meeting Tom againExcitement at hearing the wordThe reason for doing itMedicine for curing foolsC、名词词组和副词词组等a desk (which/that is ) two metres in widethe place (which/that is to the ) east of Chinachildren as young as sevenpeople more than sixtythe men over thereD、后置和前置问题有些形容词作定语时必须后置what else/more do you want to say?= Is there anything else/more you want to say?Nothing else/more.Anywhere quiet.有些形容词作定语时可后置也可前置I have enough money to buy the car.=I have money enough to buy the car.I have just come from the nearby village.=I have just come from the village nearby.Do you see the opposite house?=Do you see the house opposite?而副词作定语只能后置the statement below people inside the bridge thereour life abroad the distance across a day offin January last/next on Friday next on the day followingin time past the trend now the world today and tomorrow而有些词前置或后置时会产生不同意义the concerned (担忧的) mother the mother concerned (有关提到的)the present (现在的) members the members present(在场的)the involved (复杂的) issues the issues involved(牵涉的)the responsible (可靠的) man the man responsible (负责的)二、作后置定语源自于主谓（即实意动词）或主谓宾的定语从句可以缩短成以下五种非谓语动词形式。
五种形式：to do / to be donedoingdone / being doneA、1.to do 和to be done 作为不定式一般都表示尚未发生之事。
We still have a long way to go.=We still have a long way which / that we must go=We still have a long way (for us) to go.He had a lot of words to say to him.=He had a lot of words which/that he would say to him.=He had a lot of words (for him) to say to him.=He had a lot of words which/that would be said to him.=He had a lot of words to be said to him.2.但有例外。
如果先行词为序数词或形容词最高级，定语从句中的动作已发生，缩为非谓语动词时仍用不定式。
He was the first who broke the world record. = He was the first to break the world record.She was always the first who came here and the last who left here.=She was always the first to come here and the last to leave here.Inside the capsule was John Glenn, the first American to sail around the earth in space. China was one of the first countries in the world to study the science of farming.In 1964, King won the Nobel Peace Prize.He was only thirty-four years old--- the youngest man to ever receive this high honour.3.to do 既可以是关系代词作主语也可以是关系代词作宾语的定语从句的省略形式。
He is the very man to do the work. = He is the very man who(作主语) can do the work.I have a lot of things to do. = I have a lot of things that/which(作宾语) I must do.= I have a lot of things (for me) to do.4.当to do 是关系代词作宾语的定语从句的省略形式而后带有介词时，就必须考虑关系代词是作动词还是介词的宾语。