青藏高原多年冻土监测及近期变化

!"#$%&'()*+, ! NOKS=ÅãL~I= SKO=ÅãL~ !"# !"#$%&'()*+,-
!"#$%&'()*+,
!"#$%&'
!"#$%&'()*+,
Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2005, 1 (1): 26-28
=
=
=
OU
! " # $ %
=OMMR
!"#$%&' MKMOO= !"#$%& MKN= !"#$%&'()
== Q==Sã !"#$% &%'()* Fig.4 Increasing rate of soil temperature at 6m deep of the permafrost
[6]
Wang Shaoling, Jin Huijun, Li Shuxun, et al. Permafrost degradation on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its environmental impacts [J]. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 2000, 11 (1): 43- 53.
!
E
!
0123456 = =TPMMMMF
!"#$%$&'()*+,-./)*
=
NVVR
OMMQ
!"# $%&'()*+,-./0 !"#$%&'()*+ !"#$ %&'()*$+,!"#$%& !" !"# !"
!"
!"#$%&'(
NM !"#/ !"#
!"#$%&'( !"#$% S=ã !"#$%&'# != !"
!"#$%&'()*+
P
!"#$%&'()
!"# L
====
!"#$%&'()*+,-./01 !"#$%&' MKR ã ! !" R !"#$%&'() OM !"#
7 6 5 4
y = 3.1553x - 1.9715 R2 = 0.90 No.1 No.2 No.4 No.6 No.7 No.8
Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2005, 1 (1): 26-28
!W
!"#$%&'()*+,
!" L=ã
27
!" SM NOM ãI=
!"# OKM
PKM ãI=
!" =NN !"#
5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 ! 8 9 10 11
!"#JNKM JOKM
!"#$%&'()*+*, = !"#$%&
====== N== !"#$%&'()*+ Fig.1 Interannual changes in active layer thickness for 10 monitoring sites of the Tibetan Plateau
94°04 18 E ! 94°04 13 E 94°03 10 E ! ! ! !" ! 93 °44 05 E 93 °32 01 E 93 °05 06 E 93 °02 12 E 92 °53 30 E 91 °52 16 E 91 °49Hale Waihona Puke Baidu17 E 91 °42 27 E
!"#$% MKN M JMKR
xR Sz
!"#$%&'()*!+, !"#$%&' ! =MKR NKM=âãI=
!"#$%&'( !"#$% OKR OM QM ãI= !" JMKR !"#$ PM JOKM U OKR ãI=
!"#$%&' QKM ã JNKM
N O=âã
xTz O xUz
35°37 58 N 35°27 12 N 35°36 15 N 35°30 50 N 35°23 49 N 35°13 48 N 35°07 36 N 34°41 24 N 32°42 30 N 32°29 33 N 32°23 00 N !"#$%
4770 4759 4733 4552 4482 4610 4707 4938 4997 4873 4786
!" PM=~ =
!"#$%&'()* OKR ãI= JNKM
NM=MMM=âã
!"#$%&'() !"#$ !"
NMM ãI=
!"#$%&'()*+, NM !"#$%&'() NM=~
!"#$%&' !"#$ SM OMM ã V NM !"#
NKM
!"#$%&'()*+,()%-./
!"# JOKM JPKO
!
[1] I K= !"#$%&'()*+,=xgzK= NJNTK I= !"NVVS NUE I K= !"#$%&'()*+
== P== !"#$%&'(&)* Fig.3 Increasing rate of soil temperature near permafrost table
!
PKO== ====
====
!"#$%&'()*+,-./01 !"#$%&'()*+,-./01 !"#$%&'()*+,-. MKR=ã O S !" #$%&' !" ()*+, O !
!"#$%&'(")* !'()*+
MKR=ã
!"#$%& !"#$%&'()*
!"#$%&'()* MKR=ã MKV
8
!"#$%&
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
========= N== !!"#$ Table 1 Geographical conditions of monitoring sites
Lã 1 2 3* 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
=G
Lã 6 6 6 8 8 8 6 6 10.0 10.7 10.8
0.04
!L
[4] 0.00 -0.04 1 2 4 5 6 7 ! [5] 8 9 10 11
Ding Yongjian. Recent degradation of permafrost in China and the response to climate warming [A]. Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on permafrost [C]. Yellowknife, Canada: University Laval. 1998. 225-230. Jin Huijun, Cheng Guodong, Zhu Yuanlin. Chinese geocryology at the turn of the twentieth century [J]. Permafrost Periglacial Processes, 2000, 11 (1): 23-33.
!" O =MMRJMQJMT = !" OMMRJMRJNS !"#$%&'()*+, hw`uNJptJMQ ========== !" ! OMMO`_QNOTMQ L NVSQJ
!"#$%&' QMQTNMOQ
!"#$%&'
!"#$%&'()*+
K=bJã~áäW=ïìèÄ]äòÄK~ÅKÅå
xPz
!"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'()* !"# !"#$%&'( !"#$% T !"#$% ! "#$% N O P ! !"#$ NOM ãI= !"# !"# =S T !" !"# NKR Q R !
!"#$%&'()*+,-. !"#$%&'() !"# !"#*+, !"#$%
!"#$% ! !"#$%& !" NKO !"# !"#$ !"# !"#$%&
!"#$%&'()*+,-./ !"#$%&'()* !"#$%&
xN Qz
!"#$%&'()*)+&,-./ P
!"#$%&'() VM %&'()MKP MKR I MKP
OM !"#$
TM
NKU ã !" JOKR
V
!"# !"#$
S=ã
!"#$%&'()
!"#$%&' MKMR= L~I=
&'()
!"#$%& MKMOO=
!"#$%&'()*+),!"#$%&' !" !"#$%&'(
0.08
!"#$%&'() !"#$%&'
!"#$%&'()*(+,-
NVUO Q O [2] xgzK= [3] I=
FW=NRTJNSRK
!"#$%&'()*+,-
!"#$%&' !"#, ! !
!"#$%
8 9 10 11
!"#$%&'()*+,
!"#$%&'()*+
!"#$%#&'()* MKMOO= L~ !"#$%&'( MKN= L~ =S=ã !"#$%&'()* !"#$%&'(!)* ====EPF= ! V !"#$%&'() !"#$%&' S=ã !"#$ !" ! !"#$
!"#$%&'()*+,*-. !"#$% &'()*
==== !
!"#$
%&'(
!"# !"#$ !"
N==
====
!"#$%&'()*
!"#$%&'()*+ !"#$%&NVVR !"#$%&'( !"#$%& NVVU !"#$%&NM !"#$%&'( N !"# !"#$ !"#$=SM JOKU
!"#$%&'()*+,-./0123 !"#$%& !"#$% ' !"#$%&
MKRã
!"#$%&'()*+,-$
3 2 1 0 1 1.5 2 !" Lã 2.5
3
O==
==== N !"
!"
NVVR ! V T=~ OMMQ !
O== !" MKR=ã !"#$%&'(#)*+, Fig.2 Relationship of mean soil temperature at 0.5m deep in summer with active layer thickness
!"#$% !"#$%&'()* !"#$%&' Q !"#$ !"#$% !+*,-. !"#$ !"#$% &' %&'( L~ ./ !"#$%&'()*+,-./)*01
!"#$%& !"#$% !"# ====EQF=
!"#$% &' !"#$%& !"#$% !"#$%&' !"#$% !"
Tong Changjiang, Wu Qingbai. The effect of climate warming on the Qinghai-Tibet Highway [J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 1996, 24: 101-106.
L~
!"#$%&'()* !"#$%& O
!"# !"# !" T U V !
P==
PKN== ====
!"#$%
!"#$%&'() !"#$%&'()*+,-. /0 !"#$%&'( !"#$ MKNP= L~I= !"# V ! P !" !"#$% ! MKMN= L~I !"#$% !"#
!"#$ JNKR !"#$%&' PKN=ÅãL~ !N !"#$%&' UKN=ÅãL~ UKQP=ÅãL~ N !" I !"#$ %&'()*
====ENF=
Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2005, 1 (1): 26-28
=
=
=
N = OMMR
!"#$%
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
Vol.1, No.1 M a y, 2 0 0 5
!"1673-1719 (2005) 01-0026-03
!"#$%&'()*+,
Permafrost Monitoring and Its Recent Changes in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Q==
====
==
!"#$%&'()*+,-./01 !"#$%& NM=~ !"#$%&'()*+,
[7]
I=
K
!"#$%&'()*+,=xgzK=
NVVRI=NTEQF OORJOSTK [8] I !=xgzK= I K= !Ea !"#$%&'()*+,-. FI=NVVSI=OS Q PQOJPQTK
! LE L~F
0.16 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.00 -0.04 1 2 4 5 6 7 !
L~
!" !"#
! PKN= ÅãL~X=
!"#$%&'()!*+, !"#$%&'()!*+ UKQP=ÅãL~ ./012
L~I=
!"#$%&' !"#$%&' ====EOF= !"#$%&'