关于主谓语一致问题

关于主谓语一致问题谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称上保持一致，这就叫做主谓语一致。

语法上一致，意义上一致和就近一致是主谓语一致问题的三原则。

一、主语是复数，谓语动词用单数1. 国名、人名、书名和组织机构等专用名词作主语，形式上是复数谓语动词用单数The United States of America is one of the most developed countries in the world.The United Nations was founded in 1945.His "selected poems" was first published in 1965.Athens(雅典) is a city. (the capital of Greece)2. 表示时间、金钱、距离和重量的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作是整体，谓语动词用单数。

Two hours is not long enough for this test.Two US dollars is a good enough price for this book.Six miles is quite a distance.若侧重一个一个的个体，则谓语动词用复数。

Twenty years have passed since he was sent to prison. 3. 凡以-ics结尾表示科学名称的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Politics is n now taught in all schools.Physics was her major.( 专修棵)4. "one and a half + 复数名词" 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

One and a half days are all I can spare.5. 有些用来表示有两个相同部分连成一体的名词作主语，谓语动词通常用复数。

如；glasses, trousers, compasses, scissors, spectacles, shoes, clothes, chopsticks 等。

The scissors are sharp.The trousers are short for me.但如果用 a kind of, a pair of, a series of 谓语动词的单复数有单位名词的单复数决定。

There is a pair of compasses on the table.There are two pairs of compasses on the table.二、主语是单数谓语动词用复数1. 有些集体名词形式为单数，但意义为复数。

如：cattle, police, people, militia 等。

The cattle are grazing.Traffic police are always very busy.All the people of the world desire peace.但people 用作民族时，谓语动词用单数。

The Chinese is a great people.2 有些以-sh, -ese, -ch 结尾的表示国家，民族的形容词与the连用时，表示复数含义，谓语动词用复数。

The English like to be with their family at Christmas.The Chinese are kind and friendly.当上述形容词用于语言时，谓语动词用单数。

French is spoken in many countries.3. 某些形容词前加: the 表示一类人，其意义为复数。

如：the poor, the rich, the old, the young, the sick, the dead, the brave, the deaf and dumb, the oppressed, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等。

The old are taken good care of.The rich get richer and the poor get poorer in many countries.三、主语是复数，谓语动词依情况而定1. 有些集体名词作主语时，若作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数；若表示全体成员时，谓语动词用复数。

如：family, class, group, team, enemy, audience, club, committee, company 等。

His family has bought a colour TV set.The family were watching TV when her uncle came in.The class is in the charge of Mr Li.The class are taking notes in English.2. 一些表示部分概念或不定数量的名词作主语，形式为单数，但谓语动词的单复数应根据of后的名词的单复数而定。

如：half, most, the rest, some, part 等。

Half of the money is yours. Half of the children are girls.Most of the milk is sour(酸). Most of the oranges are sour.Twenty of of them are girls. The rest are boys.The rest needs no telling.3. 分数或百分数作主语以及由 a lot of, lots of , plenty of, 等作主语时，谓语动词的数和of 后的名词的数一致。

Lots of food is going to be wasted. Lots of people are waiting for you.Ninety percent of the work has been done.About twenty percent of the students in our class are girls.The population of China is very large and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers.4. 不定代词any, either, neither, none, all, some, more 等作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据上下文或具体场合而定。

All that can be done has been done. All are here.(人)None of them has(have)seen the film.5. 疑问代词what, which 和who的数，按说话人的意图而定。

Who lives next door? It is T om. Who live next door?It is T om and John.Which is(are) your book(s)? What produce(s) heat?6. 主语从句，不定式（短语），动名词（短语）作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Whether she will come or not is still a question.Who will go is not important.Which team will win the match is still unknown.When they will start has not been decided yet.Where she has gone is not known yet.How he became a great scientist is known to all.Why he did it wasn't quite clear.Climbing mountains is a good form of exercise.T o read English aloud every morning is necessary.It's no use pretending to know what you don't know.It's very important to learn English well.7. 连接代词what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据从句的内容或后面的表语而定。

从句的内容是两个或表语是复数时，谓语动词用复数。

What we need is more time.What he says and does do not agree.What disappointed us most was his refusal.What the children want are story-books.What we need are doctors.8. 关系代词which, that, who 的单复数由先行词的单复数决定。

!Those who want to go please sign your names.Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.Peter often takes his aunt in a car which has been given to him as a present.Henry is doing experiments which are important to hisstudies.9. "one of the + 复数名词" 后的定语从句谓语动词的单复数，要根据one 前面是否有the，有the 用单数，无the用复数。

She is one of the girls who have been to the Great Wall.She is the only one of the girls who has been to the great Wall.This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.This the one of the books on the subjects that has ever been written in Chinese.四、主语并列，谓语动词有下列情况：1. 用and 连接的两个名词作主语，谓语动词通常用复数。