课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson19
课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson20
Lesson 20 East Versus West东西方观念和思维的差异classmates chime in.同学插话。
That kind of collectivism confirms the commonly held belief that learning by organic induction is more effective than rote memorization.这种集体主义证实了有机归纳学习比死记硬背更有效的普遍信念。
Why do you find, in a music conservatory, a lot of Asian would-be concert pianists but comparatively few Asian opera-singers-in-training?为什么在音乐学院会有很多想成为钢琴家的亚洲人，而受训的亚洲歌剧演员却相对较少?There's a physical limit to how many hours a day a person can sing, Nisbett says, but not to how many hours one can practice sonatas.尼斯贝特说，一个人每天唱歌的时间有生理上的限制，但练习奏鸣曲的时间没有生理上的限制。
He attributes these differences to history.他将这些差异归因于历史。
East Asian agriculture was a communal venture in which tasks like irrigation and crop rotation had citizens acting in concert.东亚农业是一种公共事业，其中灌溉和作物轮作等任务需要公民协同行动。
In contrast, Western food production led to more lone-operator farmers and herdsmen. 相比之下，西方食品生产导致了更多的孤独的农民和牧民。
课文翻译英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本第五版端木义万Lesson7
课⽂翻译英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本第五版端⽊义万Lesson7Lesson 7 ：Cities and Suburbs Are Trading Places远程办公Young Singles, Other ‘Non-Families’ Taking Over Outer Areas, Study Shows研究显⽰，单⾝青年和其他“⾮家庭成员”占据了周边地区By D’Vera Cohn.A role reversal between cities and suburbs is rewriting a demographic script that has dominated American life for decades.城市和郊区之间的⾓⾊转换正在改写⼏⼗年来主导美国⽣活的⼈⼝统计学脚本。
Young singles, elderly widows and other such “non-family households”now outnumber married-with-children homes in the nation’s suburbs, creating changes in demand for housing, entertainment and services in the communities where most Americans live.在美国的郊区，年轻的单⾝⼈⼠、年⽼的寡妇和其他类似的“⽆家庭家庭”现在的数量超过了结婚带孩⼦的家庭，这就改变了⼤多数美国⼈居住的社区对住房、娱乐和服务的需求。
At the same time, the married-with-children families often thought of as typically suburban are increasing in many growing cities of the South and West, according to a study based on the 2000 Census to be released today by the Brookings Institution.与此同时，布鲁⾦斯学会(Brookings Institution)今天发布的⼀项基于2000年⼈⼝普查的研究显⽰，在美国南部和西部许多发展中城市，通常被认为是典型的郊区已婚带孩⼦家庭的⼈数正在增加。
美英报刊阅读教程课文翻译
美英报刊阅读教程课文翻译第一篇它在1967年以美国139年获得100万人，而只有52年再增加1亿美元，返现，10月的一天，之后只有39的间隔年，美国将声称300多万灵魂。
瞬间将被喻为美国的无限活力和独特的生命力的又一象征。
它是这样的，当然。
不过，这也是事实美国已经成长人口普查局已经采取了测量，开始于1790年，当时创始人计数今天纽约市的人口不足4百万的同胞的，大约有一半的人口每天的时间。
最近的增长飙升已经不同凡响。
自2000年以来单，国家已经增加了20万人。
与西欧相比，出生率暴跌，还是日本，其人口萎缩，美国只知道增长，增长，更多的增长。
它现在拥有的第三大人口在世界上，中国和印度之后。
“经济增长是一个问题，我们必须要管理，说：”肯尼思・普鲁伊特，人口普查局前负责人，“但它更易于管理比失去你的人口。
”仔细检查号码，三大趋势出现。
首先是迁移。
由于工业基地东北部和中西部的下降，数以百万计的美国人已经转移到南部和西部，现在家里一半以上的人口和不断增长强劲。
移民是下一个。
在过去的四十年里，移民，主要来自墨西哥和拉丁美洲，已经重塑了国家的民族构成;的最新亿美国人，根据皮尤拉美裔中心的杰弗里・帕塞尔，53％要么是移民或他们的后代。
最后是大肆宣传的婴儿潮一代，现在许多人对退休的风口浪尖。
美国说，非营利性的人口资料局，“越来越大，年龄大了，更加多样化。
”的影响都是巨大而多样，影响美国的文化，政治，和经济性。
一个明显的例子就是对移民问题的辩论狂风暴雨涌动大会。
另：由于人口流动不断，国会选区重划会随之而来，引爆电力的地域平衡。
一个显着的年龄较大的美国也将对政府开支，所有这三个问题提供了新国会产生深远的影响，并太久，一个新总统之前，大量的思考。
THE NEW迁移博伊西，落基山山麓之间爱达荷州坐向东北和大盆地沙漠南，大天空和沙漠尘土飞扬之间，博伊西一直是先锋镇。
在19世纪初，传说，法裔加拿大毛皮捕手来到一个树丛，并惊呼“莱斯布瓦！” - 树林。
课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson19
课文翻译英美报刊阅读教程中级本第五版端木义万 Lesson19导读本文是英美报刊阅读教程中级本第五版的第19课。
本课的主题是翻译英美报刊的文章。
通过阅读并翻译一篇有关时事的新闻报道，学生将学会如何理解和转述文章的主旨以及翻译涉及到的语言和文化差异。
课文原文中国双面胶巨头炒作被美SEC指控中国一家知名的胶水制造商，在美国遭到了美国证券交易委员会（SEC）的指控。
SEC称，该公司通过虚假宣传和操纵市场来提高其股价。
据悉，这是SEC首次对中国科技公司进行调查，并打击这类市场操纵行为。
据报道，该公司在过去两年里到处举办新产品发布会，并宣称这些新产品具有划时代的意义。
然而，SEC发现，这些所谓的“划时代”产品实际上并没有什么突破性的创新，仅仅是对已有产品的改进。
而且，该公司还通过在社交媒体上刷存在感，夸大了产品的价值和市场前景。
SEC发言人表示，这起指控意在提醒投资者要警惕那些通过虚假宣传来推高股价的公司。
SEC将继续调查并采取行动以保护公众利益和市场的稳定。
另外，该公司可能面临来自投资者的集体诉讼。
一些投资者表示，他们在该公司的股票上损失惨重，而且曾经相信该公司的虚假宣传。
如果诉讼成功，这家公司可能需要支付巨额的赔偿费用。
这起事件引发了投资者对于中国科技公司的信任危机。
许多投资者表示，他们将对中国科技公司保持谨慎态度，并增加对于其财务状况和商业行为的审查力度。
课文翻译中国双面胶巨头炒作被美SEC指控中国一家知名的胶水制造商，在美国遭到了美国证券交易委员会（SEC）的指控。
SEC称，该公司通过虚假宣传和操纵市场来提高其股价。
据悉，这是SEC首次对中国科技公司进行调查，并打击这类市场操纵行为。
中国一家知名的胶水制造商被美国证券交易委员会（SEC）指控，称其通过虚假宣传和操纵市场提高股价。
这是SEC首次调查中国科技公司并打击市场操纵行为。
据报道，该公司在过去两年里到处举办新产品发布会，并宣称这些新产品具有划时代的意义。
英美报刊文章阅读精选本第五版课文翻译
Lesson4 Is an Ivy League Diploma Worth It？花钱读常春藤名校值不值？1.如果愿意的话，施瓦茨（Daniel Schwartz）本来是可以去一所常春藤联盟（Ivy League）院校读书的。
他只是认为不值。
2.18 岁的施瓦茨被康奈尔大学（Cornell University）录取了，但他最终却去了纽约市立大学麦考利荣誉学院（City University of New York’s Macaulay Honors College），后者是免费的。
3.施瓦茨说，加上奖学金和贷款的支持，家里原本是可以付得起康奈尔的学费的。
但他想当医生，他觉得医学院是更有价值的一项投资。
私立学校医学院一年的花费动辄就要4 万5 美元。
他说，不值得为了一个本科文凭一年花5 万多美元。
4.助学贷款违约率日益攀升，大量的大学毕业生找不到工作，因此越来越多的学生认定，从一所学费不太贵的学校拿到的学位和从一所精英学校拿到的文凭没什么区别，并且不必背负贷款负担。
5.Robert Pizzo 越来越多的学生选择收费较低的公立大学，或选择住在家里走读以节省住房开支。
美国学生贷款行销协会（Sallie Mae）的一份报告显示，2010 年至2011 学年，家庭年收入10 万美元以上的学生中有近25%选择就读两年制的公立学校，高于上一学年12%的比例。
6.这份报告称，这样的选择意味着，在2010 至2011 学年，各个收入阶层的家庭在大学教育上的花费比上一年少9%，平均支出为21,889 美元，包括现金、贷款、奖学金等。
高收入家庭的大学教育支出降低了18%，平均为25,760 美元。
这份一年一度的报告是在对约1,600 名学生和家长进行问卷调查后完成的。
7.这种做法是有风险的。
顶级大学往往能吸引到那些已经不再去其他学校招聘的公司前来招聘。
在许多招聘者以及研究生院看来，精英学校的文凭还是更有吸引力的。
英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本 第五版 端木义万lesson 5 Food and Obesity
Lesson5 Food and ObesityBeing fat is be coming the norm for Americans.As it will soon be come in this country, I have seen the future, and it's extra large.By Joan SmithA friend who happens to be both American and a superb cook-his poulet de Bresse en deuil is one of the most memorable dishes I have tasted--called me a couple of days ago,enthusing about a lecture he had just at ended.The thesis,he said,was that the human body has changed irrevocably over the last quarter of a century and that the physical environment—chairs,beds, airline seats-will gradually adapt to accommodate the new shape.It is,of course,in the US, where my friend no longer lives,that this evolutionary experiment is most advanced;for years now, millions of people have been gorging themselves on vast helpings of fast food, with the consequence that about 60 percent of the population is overweight.According to Greg Critser, author of Fat Land：How Americans Became the Fattest People in the Word, none of this has happened by accident. Critser argues that the challenge to the US food industry in the 1970s was that the population was growing more slowly than the food supply, so people had to be persuaded to change their eating habits. Fast food, invented after the Second World War as an affordable way of getting families to eat together, became a means of selling surplus fat and sugar to the far-from-unwilling masses. This is a social revolution on a grand scale as scarcity, with which most human beings have had to struggle throughout history, has given way to an apparently permanent state of plenty.It may also help to explain why the magician David Blaine, suspended without food in a Perspex box beside Tower Bridge,has such a grip on people's imaginations.In an astonishingly short period of time, starvation has metamorphosed from a threat to a spectacle, and families are turning out en mass eat weekends to see how his hunger strike is going. For the fifth of the British population who are obese, and unused to doing without food for more than a few hours, the notion of someone giving it up for 44 days is unthinkable, some normal-size people have turned up to mock, throwing egg, cooking food and even trying to cut off the water supply to the hung American. Perhaps this is the point, that there are so few starving Americans in the world, which makes his self-imposed ordeal appear ludicrously self-indulgent.Yet it is possible to take Critser’s argument a stage further and suggest that millions of Americans are trapped between two industries, fast food and slimming, which enjoy a cosily symbiotic relationship. Research by a fast-food chain showed that what customers cared about was neither taster nor quality but portion size; what they have come to expect from food, and what their neighbours are beginning to want as well-obesity has increased by 158 per cent in Mexico in a decade, since fast food outlets began to replace the traditional diet-is a feeling of being stuffed to the gills. Cooking has become a spectator sport, something to watch famous people do on telly, as the populations of affluent countries rely increasingly on supermarket meals and takeaways. For many people, eating has become an addiction rather than a pleasure, and going on a diet merely replaces on morbid habit with another.In the circumstances, it is not really surprising that people are confused andangered by Blaine, whose stunt highlights the disordered relation to eating which has become habitual in Western societies. Far from being an object of derision as his body enters ketosis, the state in which it starts to consume itself, he should logically be the envy of all those individuals who are endlessly trying Atking and other fashionable diets. We are so used to hearing people pay to get hungry, turning the condition of starving Africans into a longed-for luxury. There is something shaming about this, and about the extent to which so many people-like Kafka’s hunger artist, who was addicted to starving-have lost control of their appetites.Perhaps the thesis my friend described to me on the phone is correct, and houses and cars and planes will just have to get bigger as the human race-the affluent part of it, that is-continues to inflate itself with empty calories. Bizarrely, being fat is fast becoming the norm for Americans, and even in this country it will soon be people like me(5ft 5in and a paltry nine stone) who are the freaks. I have seen the future, and it’s extra large.Plain food moves up a classI was supposed to give a talk myself at the weekend, on food and class, but had to pull out because of an annoyingly persistent throat virus. I was going to discuss “ eating above your station”, which is something I learnt to do, like many people of my generation, when I went to university. Until then, I had scarcely ever eaten in a restaurant and I had never tried what my family referred to as “foreign muck”. Ever macaroni cheese was too exotic for my parents, who tipped it into the bin when I came home from cookery class with a Pyrex dish full of overcooked pasta and melted cheddar.Food was plain, served on a plate with thick portions of gravy or custard, and the idea of helping yourself from serving dishes seemed the height of sophistication. What strikes me now, looking back on that traditional working-class diet, is that it was unadventurous but it didn’t do me ant harm. My father grew vegetables, my mother shelled peas and sliced carrots, and I don’t recall anyone in my family being overweight. It’s hard to eat too much when someone else puts the food on your plate. These days, if a working-class diet can be said to exist, it is surperficially much more cosmopolitan-curries, pizza, the ubiquitous Chinese takeaway-but adapted to satisfy the British appetite for saturated fat, salt and sugar.In a curious reversal, plain food-simple grilled fish with a green salad, such as the wonderful meal I ate in Marbella in the summer-has become the province of the middle class. I am one of those lucky people who changed class at the right time and in the right direction, but the effects of our eating habits-a slender elite, as millions of ordinary people pile on the pounds-suggest that class divisions are as deep as ever.Bring on the euroI was driving back from a health farm the other day when the friend with whom I had just shared three days of massage, facials and Pilates said rather nervously that she wanted to ask me a question. I naturally assumed that she wanted to talk about men, underwear or the least painful way of shaving your legs, as women do when they know each other well, but it turned out to be something far more intimate. Am I, she asked, in favour of joining the euro?Oh God, anything but that. Admitting that you fell no attachment to the pound, and would like to use the euro in Waitrose, is like telling your friends that you have joined a weird sect. I don’t think people spend much time thinking about Gordon Brown’s five economic tests, but there is a presumption that the British did jolly week to stay out of the eurozone when all those foreigners gave up their currencies almost two years ago. And now we’re supposed to admire the Swedes for resoundingly voting “No” at the weekend.I don’t think I’ve ever confessed this in public before, and I suspect I won’t be invited to any smart parties for weeks at the very least. But I really want to join the euro. And since we both came out somewhere on the M1-it was a relief, I can tell you-I now know at least one other person who feels the same.。
2024版美英报刊阅读教程第五版课件
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新闻报道注重时效性和现场感，常常使用现在时态 和直接引语。
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社论与专栏文章的特点
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01 社论和专栏文章通常针对某个事件或话题进行深 入分析和评论。
02 它们往往具有作者的个人观点和立场，语言风格 较为多样化。
03 社论和专栏文章注重逻辑性和说服力，常常使用 各种修辞手法来加强表达效果。
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05
时事热点话题讨论
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国际政治经济热点话题
中美贸易战
分析中美贸易战的背景、原因、影响及 未来趋势。
欧盟一体化进程
分析欧盟的历史、现状、挑战及未来发 展。
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朝鲜半岛局势
探讨朝鲜半岛核问题、南北关系及国际 社会的角色。
全球经济治理体系变革
研究全球经济治理体系的现状、问题及 改革方向。
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学生需要积极参与课堂讨论，按时完成阅读任务和作业，掌握课程所 授的阅读方法和技巧，并能够在实际阅读中加以运用。同时，学生还 应注重培养独立思考和分析问题的能力。
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报刊阅读技巧与策略
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预览与略读技巧
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预览
快速浏览文章标题、副标题、图片、 图表等，预测文02
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阅读美英报刊有助于学生熟悉 地道的英语表达，提高英语语
言能力。
通过报刊阅读，学生可以接触 到不同领域的专业知识，为未 来的学术研究和职业发展打下
基础。
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课程目标与要求
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课程目标
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课程要求
通过本课程的学习，学生应能够熟练掌握美英报刊阅读的方法和技巧， 提高阅读速度和准确性，增强对美英社会文化的了解。
英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本第五版端木义万lesson5FoodandObesity
Lesson5 Food and Obesity Being fat is be coming the norm for Americans.As it will soon be come in this country, I have seen the future, and it's extra large.By Joan SmithA friend who happens to be both American and a superb cook-his poulet de Bresse en deuil is one of the most memorable dishes I have tasted--called me a couple of days ago,enthusing about a lecture he had just at ended.The thesis,he said,was that the human body has changed irrevocably over the last quarter of a century and that the physical environment—chairs,beds, airline seats-will gradually adapt to accommodate the new shape.It is,of course,in the US, where my friend no longer lives,that this evolutionary experiment is most advanced;for years now, millions of people have been gorging themselves on vast helpings of fast food, with the consequencethat about 60 percent of the population is overweight.According to Greg Critser, author of Fat Land：How Americans Became the Fattest People in the Word, none of this has happened by accident. Critser argues that the challenge to the US food industry in the 1970s was that the population was growing more slowly than the food supply, so people had to be persuaded to change their eating habits. Fast food, invented after the Second World War as an affordable way of getting families to eat together, became a means of selling surplus fat and sugar to the far-from-unwilling masses. This is a social revolution on a grand scale as scarcity, with which most human beings have had to struggle throughout history, has given way to an apparently permanent state of plenty.It may also help to explain why the magician David Blaine, suspended without food in a Perspex box beside Tower Bridge,has such a grip on people's imaginations.In an astonishingly short period of time, starvation has metamorphosed from a threat to a spectacle, and families are turning out en mass eat weekends to see how his hunger strike is going. For the fifth of the British population who are obese, and unused to doing without food for more than a few hours, the notion of someone giving it up for 44 days is unthinkable, some normal-size people have turned up to mock, throwing egg, cooking food and even trying to cut off the water supply to the hung American. Perhaps this is the point, that there are so few starving Americans in the world, which makes his self-imposed ordeal appear ludicrously self-indulgent.Yet it is possible to take Critser's argument a stage further and suggest that millions of Americans are trapped between two industries, fast food and slimming, which enjoy a cosily symbiotic relationship. Researchby a fast-food chain showed that what customers cared about was neither taster nor quality but portion size; what they have come to expect from food, and what their neighbours are beginning to want as well-obesity has increased by 158 per cent in Mexico in a decade, since fast food outlets began to replace the traditional diet-is a feeling of being stuffed to the gills. Cooking has become a spectator sport, something to watch famous people do on telly, as the populations of affluent countries rely increasingly on supermarket meals and takeaways. For many people, eating has become an addiction rather than a pleasure, and going on a diet merely replaces on morbid habit with another.In the circumstances, it is not really surprising that people are confused and an gered by Bia ine, whose stunt highlights the disordered relati on to eat ing which has become habitual in Western societies. Far from being an object of derision as his body en ters ketosis, the state in which it starts to con sume itself, he should logically be the envy of all those in dividuals who are en dlessly trying Atk ing and other fashi on able diets. We are so used to heari ng people pay to get hun gry, tur ning the con diti on of starvi ng Africa ns into a Ion ged-for luxury. There is someth ing sham ing about this, and about the extent to which so many people-like Kafka' hunger artist, who was addicted to starv in g-have lost con trol of their appetites.Perhaps the thesis my frie nd described to me on the phone is correct, and houses and cars and pla nes will just have to get bigger as the huma n race-the afflue nt part of it, that is-continues to inflate itself with empty calories. Bizarrely, being fat is fast beco ming the norm for America ns, and eve n in this country it will soon be people likeme(5ft 5in and a paltry nine stone) who are the freaks. I have seen the future, and ' extra large.Pla in food moves up a classI was supposed to give a talk myself at the weeke nd, on food and class, but had to pull out becauseof an annoyin gly persiste nt throat virus. I was going to discuss Eat ing above your stati on” ,which is someth ing I lear nt to do, like many people of my gen eratio n, whe n I went to uni versity. Un til the n, I had scarcely ever eate n in a restaura nt and I had n ever tried what my family referred to as foreig n muck ”.Ever macar oni cheesewas too exotic for my pare nts, who tipped it in to the bin whe n I came home from cookery class with a Pyrex dish full of overcooked pasta and melted cheddar.Food was pla in, served on a plate with thick porti ons of gravy or custard, and the idea of helping yourself from serving dishes seemed the height of sophistication. What strikes me no w, looki ng back on that traditi onal work in g-class diet, is that it was un adve nturous but it did n 'do me ant harm. My father grew vegetables, my mother shelled peas and sliced carrots, and I don't recall anyone in my family being overweight. It s hard to eat too much whe n some one else puts the food on your plate. These days, if a work in g-class diet can be said to exist, it is surperficially much more cosmopolitan-curries, pizza, the ubiquitous Chin ese takeaway-but adapted to satisfy the British appetite for saturated fat, salt and sugar.In a curious reversal, plain food-simple grilled fish with a green salad, such as the wonderful meal I ate in Marbella in the summer-has become the province of the middle class. I am one of those lucky people who cha nged class at the right time and in the right directi on, but the effects of our eat ing habits-a sle nder elite, as millio ns of ordinary people pile on the poun ds-suggest that class divisi ons are as deep as ever.Bring on the euroI was driving back from a health farm the other day when the friend with whom I had just shared three days of massage, facials and Pilates said rather n ervously that she wan ted to ask me a questio n. I n aturally assumed that she wan ted to talk about men, underwear or the least painful way of shaving your legs, as women do when they know each other well, but it turned out to be something far more intimate. Am I, sheasked, in favour of jo ining the euro?Oh God, anything but that. Admitt ing that you fell no attachme nt to the pound, and would like to use the euro in Waitrose, is like telling your friends that you have joined a weird sect. I don't think people spend much time thinking about Gordon Brow n 'five econo mic tests, but there is a presumpti on that the British did jolly week to stay out of the eurozone when all those foreigners gave up their currencies almost two years ago. And now we're supposed to admire the Swedes for resoundingly voting No” at the weekend.I don 'thi nk I v e ever con fessed this in public before, and I suspect I won 'be in vited to any smart parties for weeks at the very least. But I really want to join the euro. And since we both came out somewhere on the M1-it was a relief, I can tell you-I now know at least one other pers on who feels the same.。
英语中级阅读课文+翻译
英语中级阅读课文+翻译第一篇：英语中级阅读课文+翻译1.George Washington 1.I am again called upon by the voice of my country to execute the functions of its ChiefMagistrate.我再度奉祖国人民的召唤，履行总统职责。
When the occasionproper for it shall arrive, I shall endeavor to express the high sense I entertain 当今天这样一个合适的机会到来之际，我必须设法将这种激动的心情表达出来。
of this distinguished honor, 这份殊荣，and of the confidence which has been reposed in me by the people of United America.以及全体美国人民寄予我的信任，使我不禁心潮澎湃。
2.Previous to the execution of any official act of the President 总统在正式行使职权之前，the Constitution requires an oath of office.根据宪法的要求，应当进行就职宣誓。
This oath I am now about to take,在此，我谨立下以下誓言and in your presence: 当着各位的面： That if it shall be found during my administration of the Government在我执掌政府期间，I have in any instance violated willingly or knowingly the injunctions thereof, 倘若发现有任何企图或故意触犯法律的行为，I may(besides incurring constitutional punishment除了承受宪法的惩处之外，)be subject to the upbraidings of all who are now witnesses of the present solemn ceremony.我还甘愿接受今天所有亲临这一庄严仪式的人们的谴责。
美英报刊阅读教程中级第五版答案
美英报刊阅读教程中级第五版答案Thethree bigmilestonesforAmerica ‘spopulationarethefollowing: 1915whenAmerica ‘s populationgrewto100 million, 1967whenAmerica s populationincreased to200 million and 2006 when America ‘s population reached 300 million.America ‘srecentpopulationgrowthhasbeenextraordinary.Since2000alone,Americahasadded20million people.InsharpcontrastwithAmerica‘spopulationincrease, Europe‘s birth rates have been plunging and Japan‘s population has been shrinking.The fast growth of the South and the West has been buoyed by immigration, lower costs, and recreationalThe fast growth of the South and the West has been buoyed by immigration, lower costs, and recreational opportunities.The major factor in the population growth is immigration. Since 2000 alone, there has been a 16percent rise in the number of immigrants living in American households.The most striking difference is the change of the main source. Before 1967, the main source of immigrantswasWestern Europe. However, after President Johnson signed the Immigration and Naturalization Act in1965tostopracialandethnicquotas for newimmigrants, and once the Mexican economy tanked in the 1970s, immigrants from Mexico sharply increased. In Fort Wayne, nearly 80 percent of Hispanics are Mexican. An estimated 12 million undocumented immigrantsnow live in America.According tothearticle,the influx ofnewimmigrants hascaused the problem of racial tensions.Back in 1990, the median age in America was 22.9 years. But with people having fewer babies, that number started to climb. Lower fertility rates mean older populations. The baby boom causeda brief pause in this movement during the 1950s and 1960s, but the aging trend has since resumed.The median age is up to 36.5 and is expected to rise to 39 by 2030 before leveling off.People like Mayowillnbsp;graduallynbsp;adaptnbsp;tonbsp;accommodatenbsp;thenbsp;newnbsp;shape.Itnbsp;is,ofnbsp;course,innbsp;thenbsp;wherenbsp; mynbsp; friendnbsp; nonbsp; longernbsp; lives,thatnbsp; thisnbsp; evolutionarynbsp; experimentnbsp; isnbsp; mostnbsp; advanced;fornbsp; yearsnbsp; now,nbsp; millionsnbsp; ofnbsp; peoplenbsp; havenbsp; beennbsp; gorgingnbsp; themselvesnbsp;vastnbsp;helpingsnbsp;ofnbsp;fastnbsp;food,nbsp;withnbsp;thenbsp;consequencenbsp;thatnbsp;aboutnbsp;60nbsp;nbsp;percentnbsp;ofnbsp;thenbsp;populationnbsp;isnbsp;overweight. nbsp;Accordingnbsp;tonbsp;Gregnbsp;Critser,nbsp;authornbsp;ofnbsp;Fatnbsp;LandAmericansnbsp;Becamenbsp;thenbsp;Fattestnbsp;Peoplenbsp;innbsp;thenbsp;Word,nbsp;nonenbsp;ofnbs p;thisnbsp;hasnbsp;happenednbsp;bynbsp;accident.nbsp;Critsernbsp;ar guesnbsp;thatnbsp;thenbsp;challengenbsp;tonbsp;thenbsp;USnbsp;foodnbsp;industrynbsp;innbsp;thenbsp;1970snbsp;wasnbsp;thatnbsp;thenbsp;populationnbsp;wasnbsp;growingnbsp;morenbsp;slowlynbsp;thannbsp;thenbsp;foodnbsp;su pply,nbsp;sonbsp;peoplenbsp;hadnbsp;tonbsp;benbsp;persuadednbsp;t onbsp;changenbsp;theirnbsp;eatingnbsp;habits.nbsp;Fastnbsp;food,nbsp;inventednbsp; afternbsp;thenbsp;Secondnbsp;Worldnbsp;Warnbsp;asnbsp;annbsp;affo rdablenbsp;waynbsp;ofnbsp;gettingnbsp;familiesnbsp;tonbsp;eatnbsp;together,nbsp;becamenbsp;anbsp;meansnbsp;ofnbsp;sellingnbsp;surplusnbsp;fatnbsp;andnbsp;sugarnbsp;tonbsp;thenbsp;farfromunwillingnbsp;masses.nbsp;Thisnbsp;isnbsp;anbsp;socialnbsp;revolu tionnbsp;onnbsp;anbsp;grandnbsp;scalenbsp;asnbsp;scarcity,nbsp;withnbsp;whichnbsp;mostnbsp;humannbsp;beingsnbs p;havenbsp;hadnbsp;tonbsp;strugglenbsp;throughoutnbsp;history,nbsp; hasnbsp;givennbsp;waynbsp;tonbsp;annbsp;apparentlynbsp;permanentnbsp; statenbsp;ofnbsp;plenty.nbsp;Itnbsp;maynbsp;alsonbsp;helpnbsp;tonbsp;explainnbsp;whynbsp;th enbsp;magiciannbsp;Davidnbsp;Blaine,nbsp;suspendednbsp;withoutnbs p;foodnbsp;innbsp;anbsp;Perspexnbsp;boxnbsp;besidenbsp;Towernbsp;Bridge,hasnbsp;suchnbsp;anbsp;gripnbsp;onnbsp;people#39;snbsp;imaginations.Innbsp;annbsp;astonishinglynbsp;shortnbsp;periodnbs p;ofnbsp;time,nbsp;starvationnbsp;hasnbsp;metamorphosednbsp;fromnbsp;anbsp;threatnbsp;tonbsp;anbsp;spectacle,nbsp;andnbsp;f amiliesnbsp;arenbsp;turningnbsp;outnbsp;ennbsp;massnbsp;eatnbsp;we ekendsnbsp;tonbsp;seenbsp;hownbsp;hisnbsp;hungernbsp;strikenbsp;isnbsp;going.nbsp;Fornbs p;thenbsp;fifthnbsp;ofnbsp;thenbsp;Britishnbsp;populationnbsp;whonbs p;arenbsp;obese,nbsp;andnbsp;unusednbsp;tonbsp;doingnbsp;withoutnbsp;foodnbsp;for nbsp;morenbsp;thannbsp;anbsp;fewnbsp;hours,nbsp;thenbsp;notionnbs p;ofnbsp;someonenbsp;givingnbsp;itnbsp;upnbsp;fornbsp;44nbsp;daysnbsp;isnbsp;izenbsp; peoplenbsp;havenbsp;turnednbsp;upnbsp;tonbsp;mock,nbsp;throwingnbsp;egg,nbsp;cookingnbsp;foodnbsp;andnbsp ;evennbsp;tryingnbsp;tonbsp;cutnbsp;offnbsp;thenbsp;waternbsp;suppl ynbsp;tonbsp;thenbsp;hungnbsp;American.nbsp;Perhapsnbsp;thisnbsp;isnbsp;thenbsp;poi nt,nbsp;thatnbsp;therenbsp;arenbsp;sonbsp;fewnbsp;starvingnbsp;Amer icansnbsp;innbsp;thenbsp;world,nbsp;whichnbsp;makesnbsp;hisnbsp;self imposednbsp;ordealnbsp;appearnbsp;ludicrouslynbsp;self indulgent.nbsp;Yetnbsp;itnbsp;isnbsp;possiblenbsp;tonbsp;takenbsp;Critser’snbsp;argumentnbsp;anbsp;stagenbsp;furthernbsp;andnbsp;suggestnbsp;thatnbsp;millionsnbsp;ofnbsp;Americansnbsp;arenbsp;trappednbsp;betweennbsp;twonbsp;industries,nbsp;fastnbsp;foodnbsp;andnbsp;slimming,nbsp;whichnbsp;enjoynbsp;anbsp;cosilynbsp;symbioticnbsp;relationship.nbsp;Researchnbsp;bynbsp;anbsp;fastfoodnbsp;chainnbsp;showednbsp;thatnbsp;whatnbsp;customersnbsp;carednbsp;aboutnbsp;wasnbsp;neithernbsp;tasternbsp;nornbsp;qualitynbsp;butnbsp;portionnbsp;size;n bsp;whatnbsp;theynbsp;havenbsp;comenbsp;tonbsp;expectnbsp;fromnbsp;food,n bsp;andnbsp;whatnbsp;theirnbsp;neighboursnbsp;arenbsp;beginningnb sp;tonbsp;wantnbsp;asnbsp;wellobesitynbsp;hasnbsp;increasednbsp;bynbsp;158nbsp;pernbsp;centn bsp;innbsp;Mexiconbsp;innbsp;anbsp;decade,nbsp;sincenbsp;fastnbsp;f oodnbsp;outletsnbsp;begannbsp;tonbsp;replacenbsp;thenbsp;traditionalnbsp ;dietisnbsp;anbsp;feelingnbsp;ofnbsp;beingnbsp;stuffednbsp;tonbsp;the nbsp;gills.nbsp;Cookingnbsp;hasnbsp;becomenbsp;anbsp;spectatornbsp;sport,nb。
课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson18
Lesson 18 Those Rugged Individuals美国个体主义价值观No ideal may be held more sacred in America, or be more coveted by others, than the principle of individual freedom.在美国，没有什么理想比个人自由原则更神圣，也没有什么理想比个人自由原则更令人垂涎。
Given the chance to pursue the heart's desires, our Utopian vision claims, each of us has the ability and the right to make our dreams come true.我们乌托邦式的愿景宣称，只要有机会去追求内心的渴望，我们每个人都有能力和权利去实现自己的梦想。
This extraordinary individualism has prevailed as the core doctrine of the New World through four centuries, bringing with it an unrelenting pressure to prove one's self.四个世纪以来，这种非凡的个人主义一直是新世界的核心信条，随之而来的是证明自我的无情压力。
The self-made man has been America's durable icon, whether personified by the prairie homesteader or the high-tech entrepreneur.'白手起家的人是美国经久不衰的偶像，无论是草原上的农场主还是高科技企业家都是他们的化身。
”Yet, from the beginning,the idea of a community of rugged individualists struck many as an oxymoron. In the 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville warned that the tendency of Americans to do their own thing could very likely doom the country.然而，从一开始，由粗犷的个人主义者组成的社会这个想法就给许多人以矛盾的感觉。
英美报刊阅读教程 端木义万
英美报刊阅读教程端木义万英文版In today's digital age, reading newspapers and magazines from English-speaking countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom can be a great way to improve your language skills. Not only will you be exposed to authentic English language usage, but you will also gain valuable insights into the culture, politics, and current events of these countries.One of the first things to keep in mind when reading English-language newspapers and magazines is to choose publications that cater to your interests. Whether you are interested in politics, sports, fashion, or entertainment, there is a publication out there for you. By reading about topics that interest you, you will be more motivated to continue reading and will be more likely to retain the information you learn.Another important tip is to not get discouraged by unfamiliar vocabulary. Instead of looking up every word you don't know, try to infer the meaning from the context. This will not only improve your reading comprehension skills but also help you become a more fluent reader.Additionally, try to read a variety of publications from different regions in the United States and the United Kingdom. This will expose you to different dialects, slang, and cultural references, helping you become a more well-rounded English speaker.By following these tips and regularly reading English-language newspapers and magazines, you will not only improve your language skills but also gain a deeper understanding of English-speaking cultures.英美报刊阅读教程在今天的数字时代，阅读来自英语国家如美国和英国的报纸和杂志是提高语言能力的好方法。
英语中级听力课程Lesson_19
Lesson 19Presenter: This week's financial talk will be given by our property expert, James Milligan, who is here to tell us about some surprising new developments in the London area.James Milligan: Good afternoon. Not so very long ago it would have been really unusual to pay ￡1 million for a house. Unfortunately this is no longer so. Decline in the real value of money over the past few years has made property values rocket. The cheap house is a thing of the past. Now, the sale of a ￡1 million house no longer causes surprise, nor is it likely to be the subject of a newspaper article.What exactly can we expect to get for ￡1 million today? Well, first of all, space, of course. Living in large cities has made us all tired of living in those cramped little houses and flats built just after the war. We now want space; space to live and relax in, preferably with a garden. And this, of course, is what puts the price up. Another reason for needing space is the fact that we have larger familiesgrowing up under one roof and even quite small children demand their own room these days, while teenagers may demand an extra room where they can entertain their friends privately. Also the trend of going out to eat is dying out due to rising prices of restaurant and transport, so people are once more beginning to entertain and dine at home, which requires a larger dining room. There are numerous new developments in London at the moment which can provide all this and more—if you have the money!At the moment the most fashionable places seem to be the Barbican, St John's Wood, Morgan's Walk in Battersea. People wanting quiet in the evening tend to prefer the Barbican situated in the business heart of the city and therefore fairly free of traffic in the evenings, although several theatres have opened there lately. The Barbican is also for those who like living high up, accommodation being situated mostly in tower blocks. St John's Wood, on the other hand, is favoured mostly by upper-middle class families who prefer a detachedhouse surrounded by a walled garden, thus ensuring their privacy. Gardens of course tend to raise the price of a property. Those not interested in gardening can choose from the grand mansions in Battersea where you get a wonderful view of the Thames and are still only a few minutes away from London's theatres and shops.Look around and take your pick. Oh ... just make sure that you have that million pounds first! Interviewer: Now you're the First Lady of Jazz; probably the greatest blues singer the world has ever known. Just what is it that makes you sing as you do?Singer: I don't know; one night it's a little bit slower, the next night it's a little bit lighter. It's all according to how I feel. I never feel the same way twice. The blues is a mixed up sort of thing. There's two kinds of blues; there's happy blues and there's sad blues.I don't think I ever sing the same way twice.Interviewer: And how did you become a jazz singerin the first place?Singer: Well, it was all by accident really. You see, I wanted to be a dancer so I went along to try out, you know, to an audition and I was just a kid, I didn't know how to dance at all. So I kept doing the two steps I did know over and over until they told me to get off the stage. But I guess the pianist felt sort of sorry for me because he called me back and asked me if I could sing. Huh, 'Course I can sing, man,' I told him; 'I've been singing all my life. What the hell use is that?' And then he asked me to sing a blues song, St Louis Blues, I think it was, and I just kept on singing and he just kept on playing, and in the end I had a job. That was on West 42nd Street. Now that was the street for jazz in those days. And slowly I became known; people started coming to see me rather than just to listen to the orchestra, and that's how it started. I mean, it began like that and it's just been going on ever since.Interviewer: You've never looked back and you'vebeen successful ever since?Singer: Well, it wasn't quite as easy as it sounds. I mean, when I started out I didn't know anything, I mean like chords and sharps and flats. I just sang. But if you're going to sing jazz you have to know these things. And people were very nice and kind to me and they slowly taught me what key I had to sing each song in. And that's how I really became a professional musician. I mean, the beginning was just luck, but if you want to stay at the top you really have to know your job. You have to know what you're doing and you have to know how to be able to change it to go with the public's taste; with the changing fashions. Otherwise you find yourself out of work and back on the streets where you started from.Interviewer: But surely, you never needed to go with the fashions? I mean, you've always been popular.Singer: Well, that's true up to a point. And if you're good enough you can even change the fashions. I've never done that. I've always sung what I wanted and if they didn't like it, they didn't have to buy it. I've never made a fortune from my music because I won't sing just any damn thing. I choose what I want to sing. But anything I do sing is part of my life. So it has to be important to me before I'll sing it. I think this is why people like my music; they know that whatever I say in my songs I really believe and this means something to them and helps them in their lives. I'm not a rich pop singer and never wanted to be. And there's been a lot of scandal attached to my life. Some of it's true; some of it's not. But at least I've always been my true self in my music and I'll always stay that way. I think a guy called Shakespeare once wrote 'Unto thine own self be true and thou canst not then to any man be false'. Well, that's how I feel when I'm singing my songs. You may like them, you may hate them, but nobody can say that I'm not singing from deep down inside myself. I won't ever sing anything Idon't believe in although, as I said, it's never the same way two nights running: it may be happy one night and sad the next. It's all according to how I feel. And now I'm feeling the need for a drink of something strong; I've got four hours on stage tonight and that really takes it out of you, believe me.Interviewer: Go right ahead and thank you for the interview.Singer: That's OK. Here's a couple of tickets; come and see the show.Now first we must identify the parts of this home computer system. Before we can set up the system, we must all know what the names of the different parts of the computer are and what they do. So first I'm going to tell you the names of the parts and what they are used for in a home computer system.First, and most important of all, is your instruction manual. Can you all see that? Theinstruction manual is the book of instructions—it tells you how to set up your system and then how to use it. OK?Next, the monitor. The monitor is the part that everyone can recognize immediately because it looks just like a television. The monitor shows you the information you have typed in on the screen. You can change the information, move it around or take it away, while it is on the screen. Right?Now, when you have finished working with your information and you want a copy of this on paper, then you have to use the printer. The printer prints out on paper what you have on the monitor screen. Then you have a copy of your work on paper.Now the keyboard. The keyboard contains the actual computer and it looks just like a typewriter. Each piece on the keyboard is called a key. You have keys for letters (a, b, c etc.) and keys for instructions to the computer. You have to be able to type if you want to use a computer properly.Now what have we got left? Ah yes, the 2 floppy discs and the disc drive. The disc drive isquite simple—it's the part of the system that operates the floppy discs, we say it powers the floppy discs. You put the floppy discs into the disc drive and the disc drive makes them work.So finally, the two floppy discs. You need two because the first one contains the programme—that is, the instructions—and the second is where you type in your information and where the program works on this information. So you really work on the second floppy disc: then, when you are ready to print, the printer takes everything from the second floppy disc and prints out what you have done.Now, is that clear? Are there any questions?There's no doubt that the computer has enlarged man's working capacity as well as his intellectual capacity enormously. Er ... but it brings with it dangers to match the benefits. Now by this, I mean danger to physical and mental well-being of the people who work at computer terminals, not the dangers to personal privacy or national or industrial security.There's one very alarming set of statistics which come from a survey done in the UK on 800 pregnant women, who happened to use computer terminals for a major part of their working day. In no less than 36% of the subjects there was some severe abnormality during the pregnancy, enough to make a termination necessary. Now these figures compare significantly with a control group of pregnant women of the same age but who did not work with computer terminals. The incidence of severe abnormalities in their case was only 16%. This survey confirms similar investigations carried out in Denmark, Canada, Australia and the USA. Now, no one yet has a clear idea about the exact connection between working with computer terminals and the problems with pregnancy, but the figures at least suggest that there's, well, a cause for alarm.In more general terms, increased stress and disturbances to vision have been noted in workers exposed for long periods to the video screen, and in many countries trade unions of workers involvedwith computers have laid down their own guidelines to protect members' health. Erm ... for instance, rest periods, or a change of activity from time to time are recommended, and the terminal should be placed so that there's a source of natural light, and something else to look at, erm, no blank walls behind the terminal, in other words, so that the operator has a chance to rest his eyes from time to time.Ironically, it seems that it's not only those who work with computers who are at risk. Er ... there's perhaps more danger for people who use computers for interest or pleasure in their own homes. Now, it's obviously not possible to impose in the privacy of people's homes the sort of safeguards that can be applied in the working environment. Most people get so fascinated by what they are doing that they stay in front of the screen for hours on end; some are real fanatics!But they're also using their computers in environments which are not specially designed. Er they may be dusty or hot, and not particularlywell-lit on the whole.An English magazine for computer enthusiasts recently ran its own survey. The readers were invited to send in an account of any health problems they felt were connected with the use of their computers. Er, interestingly, a long list emerged of complaints both serious and less serious, ranging from constipation because of the long hours spent in sedentary ac ... inactivity, and backache due to crouching over an inconveniently positioned keyboard, um, right through to a general sense of fatigue owing to having puzzled over a problem for longer than was sensible.The visual disturbances mentioned above were also very common. Some readers who already suffered from short sight found that the condition had worsened, and a rarer complaint, but still one suffered by a significant number, was an itching of the face, which in some cases became a form of dermatitis. It seems that this is due to the electrostatic field of the video screen attracting dust from the atmosphere, which irritates exposedskin. And ... this is an example of a complaint which is rare in the work situation because there is usually some form of air-conditioning, and quite simply not so much dust and fluff in the air as in a normal home.Precautions for both types of terminal users remain essentially the same. So, first of all, make sure that there's an altermative source of light from that of the screen itself. Secondly, rest your eyes frequently, if possible looking at something in the distance to give them a change from the close focus used on the screen. Thirdly, make sure the screen is properly tuned; a shaky or fuzzy image can cause nausea or headaches. Fourthly, make sure your seat and working area are designed so that you're sitting in a comfortable position, not er ... screwed up or bent over. And finally, get up regularly and walk about the room. Better still, go out into the fresh air occasionally. Sitting still for hours on end is the best way to encourage a thrombosis in the legs, as well as not being particularly good for the digestion.These are all common-sense precautions, but how many home-computer owners wrapped up in the intricacies of some programing problem, or fascinated by some game, are going to remember to use their common sense? Does a generation of short-sighted, constipated, hunched, migraine sufferers with skin problems and circulatory troubles await us?1. Of course, scientists have always had their pet theories, and historically all of the following have been linked as companions to heart disease: first, a high level of fat and cholesterol in the diet; second, cigarette smoking; third, physical inactivity; fourth, being overweight; and fifth, high blood pressure.2. There are some similarities between the two men. Both are married, have grown children, are in their mid-fifties, and have been very successful in their business careers. Both are hard workers and have achieved a position of financial security and responsibility in their jobs. Their professional lives are not easy for either of them. But life for Adamhas been full of tension, and hostility, whereas for Bert, life has been much more enjoyable.3. Adam always seems to be fighting time, trying to do more things in a day than he previously has done. If situations beyond his control cause delays in his schedule, he becomes angry and hostile. He resents people who are not on time or who do not move as quickly as he does. It is very important to him that he fill up every minute with some kind of productive activity.4. However, Bert shows an opposite tendency. Once work is behind him for the day, he devotes himself to three or four interesting hobbies. In addition to his regular physical exercise, he is an enthusiastic reader. He prefers history and historical novels. His special interest is the Second World War, and he prizes all the new information which he can gather about that time period. He also enjoys gardening and likes to fix things around the house. He has a very complete tool collection which he uses toimprove his house.。
美英报刊阅读lesson
live with a bit more chaos and more easily adopt a big picture view. If my wife and I
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PART THREE
READING COMPREHENSION
PART THREE READING COMPREHENSION Tiger Mom... Meet Panda Dad
By Alan Paul
PART THREE
Tiger Mom... Meet Panda Dad
I have watched the 1uproar over theTigTiegreMr Momom debate with growing annoyance that one simple question remains unasked: Where are the dads?
PART THREE
Call me the Panda Dad; I am happy to parent with cuddliness, but not afraid to
英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本第五版端木义万lesson5FoodandObesity
Lesson5 Food and Obesity Being fat is be coming the norm for Americans.As it will soon be come in this country, I have seen the future, and it's extra large.By Joan SmithA friend who happens to be both American and a superb cook-his poulet de Bresse en deuil is one of the most memorable dishes I have tast-e-dcalled me a couple of days ago,enthusing about a lecture he had just at ended.The thesis,he said,was that the human body has changed irrevocably over the last quarter of a century and that the physical environment —chairs,beds, airline-sweialltgsradually adapt to accommodate the new shape.It is,of course,in the US, where my friend no longer lives,that this evolutionary experiment is most advanced;for years now, millions of people have been gorging themselves on vast helpings of fast food, with the consequencethat about 60 percent of the population is overweight.According to Greg Critser, author of Fat Land：How Americans Became the Fattest People in the Word, none of this has happened by accident. Critser argues that the challenge to the US food industry in the 1970s was that the population was growing more slowly than the food supply, so people had to be persuaded to change their eating habits. Fast food, invented after the Second World War as an affordable way of getting families to eat together, became a means of selling surplus fat and sugar to the far-from -unwilling masses. This is a social revolution on a grand scale as scarcity, with which most human beings have had to struggle throughout history, has given way to an apparently permanent state of plenty.It may also help to explain why the magician David Blaine, suspended without food in a Perspex box beside Tower Bridge,has such a grip on people's imaginations.In an astonishingly short period of time, starvation has metamorphosed from a threat to a spectacle, and families are turning out en mass eat weekends to see how his hunger strike is going. For the fifth of the British population who are obese, and unused to doing without food for more than a few hours, the notion of someone giving it up for 44 days is unthinkable, some normal-size people have turned up to mock, throwing egg, cooking food and even trying to cut off the water supply to the hung American. Perhaps this is the point, that there are so few starving Americans in the world, which makes his self-imposed ordeal appear ludicrously sel-findulgent.Yet it is possible to take Critser 'arsgument a stage further and suggest that millions of Americans are trapped between two industries, fast food and slimming, which enjoy a cosily symbiotic relationship. Researchby a fast-food chain showed that what customers cared about was neither taster nor quality but portion size; what they have come to expect from food, and what their neighbours are beginning to want as well-obesity has increased by 158 per cent in Mexico in a decade, since fast food outlets began to replace the traditional diet -is a feeling of being stuffed to the gills. Cooking has become a spectator sport, something to watch famous people do on telly, as the populations of affluent countries rely increasingly on supermarket meals and takeaways. For many people, eating has become an addiction rather than a pleasure, and going on a diet merely replaces on morbid habit with another.In the circumstances, it is not really surprising that people are confused and angered by Blaine, whose stunt highlights the disordered relation to eating which has become habitual in Western societies. Far from being an object of derision as his body enters ketosis, the state in which it starts to consume itself, he should logically be the envy of all those individuals who are endlessly trying Atking and other fashionable diets. We are so used to hearing people pay to get hungry, turning the condition of starving Africans into a longed-for luxury. There is somethingshaming about this, and about the extent to which so many people-like Kafka ' shunger artist, who was addicted to starving-have lost control of their appetites.Perhaps the thesis my friend described to me on the phone is correct, and houses and cars and planes will just have to get bigger as the human rac-ethe affluent part of it, that is-continues to inflate itself with empty calories. Bizarrely, being fat is fast becoming the norm for Americans, and even in this country it will soon be people like me(5ft 5in and a paltry nine stone) who are the freaks. I have seen the future, and it extra large.Plain food moves up a classI was supposed to give a talk myself at the weekend, on food and class, but had to pull out becauseof an annoyingly persistent throat virus. I was going to discuss “ eating above your station ” , which is something I learnt to do, like many people ofmy generation, when I went to university. Until then, I had scarcely ever eaten in a restaurant and I had never tried what my family referred to as “ foreign muck macaroni cheesewas too exotic for my parents, who tipped it into the bin when I came home from cookery class with a Pyrex dish full of overcooked pasta and melted cheddar.Food was plain, served on a plate with thick portions of gravy or custard, and the idea of helping yourself from serving dishes seemed the height of sophistication. What strikes me now, looking back on that traditional working-class diet, is that it was unadventurous but it didn ' t do me ant harm. My father grew vegetables, my mothershelled peas and sliced carrots, and I don' trecall anyone in my family being overweight. It ' s hard to eat too much when someone else puts the food on your plate. These days, if a working-class diet can be said to exist, it is surperficially much more cosmopolitan-curries, pizza, the ubiquitous Chinese takeaway-but adapted to satisfy the British appetite for saturated fat, salt and sugar.In a curious reversal, plain food -simple grilled fish with a green salad, such as the wonderful meal I ate in Marbella in the summer -has become the province of the middle class. I am one of those lucky people who changed class at the right time and in the right direction, but the effects of our eating habits-a slender elite, as millions of ordinary people pile on the pounds-suggest that class divisions are as deep as ever.Bring on the euroI was driving back from a health farm the other day when the friend with whom I had just shared three days of massage, facials and Pilates said rather nervously that she wanted to ask me a question. I naturally assumed that she wanted to talk about men, underwear or the least painful way of shaving your legs, as women do when they know each other well, but it turned out to be something far more intimate. Am I, she asked, in favour of joining the euro?Oh God, anything but that. Admitting that you fell no attachment to the pound, and would like to use the euro in Waitrose, is like telling your friends that you have joined a weird sect. I don'tthink people spend much time thinking about Gordon Brown' s five economic tests, but there is a presumption that the British did jolly week to stay out of the eurozone when all those foreigners gave up their currencies almost two years ago. And now we' resupposed to admire the Swedes for resoundingly voting “ No” at the weekend.I don 't think I ' ve ever confessed this in public before, and I suspect I won invited to any smart parties for weeks at the very least. But I really want to join the euro. And since we bothcame out somewhere on the M1-it was a relief, I can tell you-I now know at least one other person who feels the same.。
课文翻译英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本第五版端木义万Lesson18
课⽂翻译英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本第五版端⽊义万Lesson18Lesson 18 Those Rugged Individuals美国个体主义价值观No ideal may be held more sacred in America, or be more coveted by others, than the principle of individual freedom.在美国，没有什么理想⽐个⼈⾃由原则更神圣，也没有什么理想⽐个⼈⾃由原则更令⼈垂涎。
Given the chance to pursue the heart's desires, our Utopian vision claims, each of us has the ability and the right to make our dreams come true.我们乌托邦式的愿景宣称，只要有机会去追求内⼼的渴望，我们每个⼈都有能⼒和权利去实现⾃⼰的梦想。
This extraordinary individualism has prevailed as the core doctrine of the New World through four centuries, bringing with it an unrelenting pressure to prove one's self.四个世纪以来，这种⾮凡的个⼈主义⼀直是新世界的核⼼信条，随之⽽来的是证明⾃我的⽆情压⼒。
The self-made man has been America's durable icon, whether personified by the prairie homesteader or the high-tech entrepreneur.'⽩⼿起家的⼈是美国经久不衰的偶像，⽆论是草原上的农场主还是⾼科技企业家都是他们的化⾝。
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Lesson 19 It's a Glad, Sad, Mad World主观幸福感Where you live, as much a show you live, is a key influence on the feel-good factor你住在哪里，就像你在现场表演一样，是影响你感觉良好的关键因素By Walter KirnIt's almost impossible for most people in well-off countries to begin to understand how it feels to live in the extreme poverty of Calcutta, surviving in India's third largest city in a shack, or on the street with little access to clean water,food or health care.对于生活在富裕国家的大多数人来说，他们几乎不可能开始理解生活在印度第三大城市加尔各答的极度贫困中是什么感觉，在一个简陋的棚子里生存，或者在没有干净的水、食物或医疗保健的街道上生存。
The filth. The crowds. The disease.污秽、人群、疾病。
From the perspective of the comfortably housed and amply fed, these conditions sound hopeless, and the suffering they must breed seems unimaginable.从那些住得舒舒服服、吃得饱的人的角度来看，这些条件听起来让人绝望，它们所带来的痛苦似乎难以想象。
But not as unimaginable as this: according to a researcher who employs a method of ranking human happiness on a scale of 1 to 7, poor Calcuttans score about a 4, meaning they' reslightly more happy than not.但没有这么不可思议:根据一位研究人员使用一种方法给人类幸福打分，分值从1到7，贫穷的Calcuttans给出的了4分，表示他们的幸福程度稍微高一些。
And that's certainly happier than one might expect. The assumption behind this finding, of course, is that happiness, like Olympic figure skating, can really be scored numerically at all and that the judges who score it don't even need to come from the same countries or speak the same languages as the people they' re judging.这当然比人们预期的要快乐。
当然，这一发现背后的假设是，快乐，就像奥运会花样滑冰一样，真的可以用数字来打分，给它打分的裁判甚至不需要来自相同的国家或说相同的语言。
Robert Biswas-Diener, has worked extensively with his father, the noted University of Illinois psychologist Ed Diener, to evaluate what they term the Subjective Well-Being(SWB) of people around the globe, from Masai warriors in East Africa to Inughuit hunters in Northern Greenland, inviting them to answer questions about their moods and outlook.罗伯特•比斯瓦斯-迪纳为他的父亲做了大量的工作,指出伊利诺斯州大学的心理学家Ed Diener,评估他们的术语主观幸福感(主客观)世界各地的人们,从东非的马赛勇士极地因纽特人猎人在格陵兰岛北部,邀请他们来回答关于他们的心情和前景问题。
The results have led them to one sweeping conclusion: human beings, no matter where they live, and almost without regard to how they live, are, in the elder Diener’s words,"preset to be happy."结果让他们得出了一个笼统的结论:人类，无论他们住在哪里，也几乎不管他们如何生活，用老迪纳的话来说，都是“预设的幸福”。
He thinks of this predilection as a "gift" bestowed on people by evolution that helps us adapt and flourish even in fairly trying circumstances.5 But there are other theories.他认为这种偏爱是进化赋予人类的“礼物”，即使在相当艰难的环境中，它也能帮助我们适应和繁荣。
但是也有其他的理论。
Maybe, he says, we're "socialized" to be happy, "in order to facilitate smooth social functioning."也许，他说，我们“社会化”是为了快乐，“为了促进平稳的社会功能。
”Whatever the reasons for this gift, however, its benefits don't seem to beevenly distributed around the globe.然而，无论这份礼物的原因是什么，它的好处似乎并没有均匀地分布在全球各地。
Latin Americans, for example, are among the happiest people in the world, according to study after study.例如，根据一项又一项的研究，拉丁美洲人是世界上最幸福的人之一。
A survey of college students in the mid-1990s compared so-called national differences in positivity and ranked Puerto Rico, Colombia and Spainas the three most cheerful locales.上世纪90年代中期，一项针对大学生的调查比较了所谓的国家积极性差异，并将波多黎各、哥伦比亚和西班牙列为最快乐的三个地方。
This may surprise those who equate happiness with flat-screen TVs and ice-cube-dispensing refrigerator doors. But not to Ed Diener.这可能会让那些把幸福等同于平板电视和冰箱门的人感到惊讶。
但Ed Diener不是。
For him, the high spirits of the relatively poor Puerto Ricans and Colombians stem from a "positivity tendency" that"may be rooted in cultural norms regarding the value of believing in aspects of life in general to be good."对他来说，相对贫穷的波多黎各人和哥伦比亚人的高昂情绪源于一种“积极的倾向”，这种倾向“可能根植于文化规范中，认为生活的各个方面都是好的。
”Translation: Latin Americans are happier because they look on the sunny side of life.换言之:拉丁美洲人更快乐，因为他们看到生活的光明面。
That tendency does not seem to be popular in East Asia.这种趋势似乎在东亚并不流行。
Among the bottom five in the study are Japan, China and South Korea, the outliers of unhappiness.在这项研究中，排名最后五名的国家是日本、中国和韩国，它们都是不快乐的局外人。
"We have found that East Asians tend to weight the worst areas of their lives when computing their life satisfaction," Diener reports.迪纳在报告中说:“我们发现，东亚人在计算生活满意度时，倾向于把生活中最糟糕的方面考虑在内。
”That may be a reflection of a difference in cultural expectation, says Shinobu Kitayama, a professor of psychology at the University of Michigan, who does research on the connection between culture and well-being.密歇根大学(University of Michigan)的心理学教授北山信(Shinobu Kitayama)说，这可能反映了文化期望的差异。
他专门研究文化与幸福感之间的关系。