北京高三英语一模七选五汇总
2020北京高三英语一模七选五汇总带答案 精校版
2020西城一模Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some message in the type of clothing they wore. Long ago people started wanting to stand out from the “crowd” and be different from other people by means of changing their clothing. Some examples of these “standing out” became very popular and were followed by more people. 46 Nowadays, fashion has become a necessary part of one’s self-realization and clothing is basically a covering designed to be worn on a person’s body. This covering is a “necessity”, which brings a lot of variety into the lives of people and makes their image more complete.The type of clothing completely depends on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personal identity. Lately, a lot is being heard about its meaning in the life of every single person on the planet. The choice of clothing is as important as identification through the color of hair, skin and gender. As every piece of clothing carries a strong message about its owner, every owner “nests” a certain value in it depending on his mindset or today’s mood. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a means of communication with the outside world. 47Clothes have a significant impact on the understanding of the people nearby as well as the person wearing them. For instance, a suit can make a person feel more confident and organized, which would eventually change even the gestures of the person. 48 Sometimes, fashion may play a vital role in a person’s life, especially when the person is applying for the job he wants. Fashion also creates a message that is required by a situation the person finds himself in. This can be simply proved by analyzing one’s reaction on people wearing different types of clothing. 49___ Thus, even the smallest companies make wearing a suit one of the requirements for their employees.50 Fashion, with all its symbolism and features, form an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. It is a part of the self-realization that is required for finding a place in life and has become a tool for achieving harmony with the inner world. The more diverse the society around us, the more fashion-trend will appear and surprise us.A.Fashion helps us realize our dreams.B.This was the moment when fashion appeared.C.Fashion and identity are inseparable companions.D.Clothing was designed to serve people in their daily life.E.The preference is always given to people dressed in “business style”.F.It is the way of telling people about the “state” and the “status” of its owner.G.Wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very casual one2020海淀一模Is there a link between social media and depression? Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health? Ifs complicated.1In a recent study, the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens.46 Specifically, for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers, she likely had a 0.64-point higher depression score.A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types of social media users. The finding was that "problematic social media use" was one of the main themes f o r people whose mental health was affected by social media. You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem, or your alcohol use may become problematic. 47There's one important thing to remember about survey research because two things happen together, it's not necessarily true that one causes the other. 48 For all we know, it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media.49 If you think that we shouldn't paint social media with one broad brush, you're on the right track. On the one hand, participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress. On the other hand, cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants. Some also said that constantly checking their own social media profile was stressful.Ifs certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying, comparing yourself to idealized images, and constantly monitoring your profile, are bad f o r your mood. It's also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages. Given the inconclusive research, it's safe to say that at least we shouldn't write off social media altogether. 50 Anyway, you cannot use it as a crutch f o r coping with other stressors and mental health problems.A.It's the same with social media.B.Social media can be a double-edged sword.C.People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media.D.They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores.E.They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks.F.The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying sociallyconnected.G.For example, just because higher social media use co-occurs with higher levels of depression doesn'tmean social media use causes depression.2020朝阳一模What Your Nose KnowsY our sense of smell enriches your experience of the world around you. Different scents can change your mood or transport you back to a distant memory. Y our ability to smell also plays a key role in your health. 46The things we smell are actually the tiny molecules(分子) released by substances all around us. When we breathe in these molecules, they stimulate specialized sensory cells high inside the nose.47 But a given molecule can stimulate a combination of these receptors, creating a unique representation in the brain. W e perceive that representation as a smell.248 A stuffy(不通气的) nose or a harmless growth in the nose can block air and thus scents from reaching the sensory cells. Certain medications, like some blood pressure pills, can change smell, but these effects are usually temporary. Y our smell should come back once you’ve recovered or stopped the medication. But some things can cause a long-lasting loss of smell. A head injury or virus, for example, can sometimes damage the nerves related to smell. 49 According to Dr. Davangere Devanand, an expert on neurodegenerative(神经变性的) diseases and smell loss, the main reason appears to be that the functioning of the brain regions involved in smell and memory becomes damaged as we grow older.But problems with your ability to smell may be more than normal aging. They can sometimes be an early sign of serious health conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease. Devanand’s group is studying the relationships between smell dysfunction and certain disease.Researchers are also looking for ways to avoid smell loss. Some studies suggest that smell training may help you improve your ability to distinguish and identify scents. 50 But the question remains as to whether and how this might work.A. Many things can cause smell loss.B. People may have lost their ability to smell before they notice it.C. Each of these sensory cells has only one type of scent receptor.D. It may improve your brain’s ability to interpret low levels of scents.E. As people get older, many of them couldn’t identify certain kind of smell.F. If your ability to smell declines, it can affect your physical well-being and everyday safety.G. And with age, there is a decline in the ability to smell to some extent in the nose, but much more in the brain itself.2020丰台一模For serious birders who regularly observe birds in the wild, ignoring climate change isn’t possible. We have been seeing and documenting the effects of a warming climate since at least the 1950s.46 Glossy black great-tailed grackles (美洲黑羽椋鸟), for example, previously found primarily in the tropics (热带), first reached southeastern California in 1964. They are now found throughout most of the state.New research from the National Audubon Society highlights the dangers of the trend. For its new report, “Survival by Degrees,” Audubon scientists analyzed the current geographic ranges of 604 North American bird species, and modeled how those ranges would change at different levels of warming. At a global temperature rise of three degrees Celsius, they found that 389 of those species—or nearly two-thirds of those studied—would become endangered, losing much of their current habitat. 473Why does this matter to anyone who’s not a bird watcher? For one thing, birds play a crucial role in the ecology, keeping down insect populations and serving as food themselves for larger predators (食肉动物). 48 Their shifting ranges warn of increasing droughts, floods, fires, rising seas and unlivable cities.49 Audubon scientists modeled what would happen at lesser levels of warming, and the results are striking. Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees would reduce the danger for three-quarters of those threatened birds. Audubon’s report “Survival by Degrees” is not a depressing forecast but rather a call to action. It stresses the need for action at every level, by individuals and governments alike, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.As a lifelong birder, I’m proud of the role my tribe has played in documenting the effects of climate change. When local conditions change, particular types of frogs or wildflowers may decrease and disappear, few will notice. 50 I hope people can pay close attention to the urgent message in this new report and work together for solutions. Birds tell us we don’t have time to wait.A. We still have time to do something about it, however.B. But they also serve as a visible symbol of broader environmental shifts.C. This would greatly benefit humans, reducing the potential suffering for people.D. But when a bird species disappears, we dedicated birders document the change.E. In recent decades, that has meant a consistent northward shift in where species are found.F. The changes will make birding exciting, with birders finding new species in unexpected places.G. Even if some could shift their range northward, they would soon start to run out of room on the map.2020延庆一模Where do you think the world’s happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 46 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let’s start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital(人均) than other country. .47 Because a shop assistant’s final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don’t choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There’s a philosophy in Denmark known as4“Jante-lov”, which translates as “you’re no better than anybody else.” 48 But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn’t seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a “post consumerist” society.49 What is more important is the sense of society and it’s no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.50 They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You’ll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes—simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren’t as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they’re not mad about shopping and spending.G. And there’s another advantage to those high taxes.2020门头沟一模How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to ThemAnyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits isn’t easy. 46The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in5making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.A. Find your auto habits.B. It takes time and insistence.C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.2020密云一模Mystery of EvolutionFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing-the NCP's symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu. but it's potentially more dangerous.Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola (埃博拉) . But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can't reproduce on their own. 46Viruses can infect every living thing-from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections cause no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can eater our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 47 For example, HIV, which causes AIDS. attacks the T-cells of the immune system.But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 48 "Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult. " Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told6Scientific American, "because viruses don't leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded."49 First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者) . Second. viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. 50 Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears.A. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect.B. Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists.C. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.D. There's pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus.E. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses.F. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.G. Bat is a flying mammal with a long lifespan, whose temperature is high, similar to a fever.2020平谷一模The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since1992. Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.46 But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生). It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation. The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right. 47 These include rural communities, people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer.Apart from the obvious health issues, a lack of accessible clean water means that people —often women and children — spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies.This means they don’ t have time to dedicate to work, studies and other domestic duties.48 And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world. 49 But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water, especially in industry and agriculture. Waste-water recycling, capturing rainwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently.50 We should support charities, raise awareness, take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and, of course, be careful with how we use water in our own lives. Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us. Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.A. Clean drinking water is fundamental.B. As individuals, what can we do to help the issue?C. The search for water becomes their main occupation.D. This important work needs to continue and to expand.E. Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.F. In normal conditions, the human body can only survive three or four days without water.G. However, there are still at least 2. 1 billion people around the world living without safe water.2020石景山一模How Smartphone Adds to Your WeightUsing a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline. Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating. 467The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract (分心) dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating.“It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,” said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone.The volunteers, aged 18 to 28, were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food—ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate—until they were satisfied.47 On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile. Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. 48“Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study—carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands. He added: “Tablets and smartphones have become the main ‘distracters’ during meals, even early in childhood. 49A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food a ccepted.”50 A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal.A. They also eat more fatty food.B. They also ate more when reading a magazine.C. Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain.D. The study is published in Physiology And Behavior.E. It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes.F. Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day.G. They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine.2020高三适应性考试An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being, and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires that came through their letterboxes or to emails. 48 Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. Most importantly, though, you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them.49 Y ou will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are important—how do you want to be seen? As “one of us”? As a person in authority? As an observer? …Or what?50 However you decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break the ice.8A.This is a ready-made support for you.B.Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.C.You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.D.Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound and behave.E.The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination of these.F.Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.G.You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees might reallymean.9西城一模: 46.B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C海淀一模：46. D 47. A 48. G 49. B 50. F朝阳一模46．F47．C48．A49．G50．D丰台一模46. E47.G48. B49. A50. D延庆一模：46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C门头沟一模：46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A密云一模：46-50 FABEC平谷一模：46. A；47. G；48. C；49. D；50. B；石景山一模：46．A；47．G；48．B；49．E；50．D；高三英语适应性考试：46．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D10。
2019年北京高三英语一模阅读七选五汇编(word版有答案)(1)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Benefits of SportsDoing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It's a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you're involved. 46 Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions.47 Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child's confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth. 48 So after a game, it's a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?”Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up accountability and leadership. 49 Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. 50 There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!A.It's not just your body that benefits from sports.B.Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.C.But remember, a child's self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss.D.If you play group sports, you'll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.E.Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.F.Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage.G.Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field.根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京市城六区2022年届高三一模英语试题分类汇编之7选5含答案
【海淀一模】其次节〔共5 小题；毎小题2 分，共10 分〕依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填人空白处的最正确选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
Radar is an electronic device that detects planes, ships, coastlines, landmarks, and even storm clouds.The name radar comes from the first letters of the words radio direction and ranging. As the human eye useslight waves to see, radar “sees” with radio waves. Without radar, planes could not land safely in bad weatherand ships could not move safely in thick fog. 51 In the 1800s it was discovered that radio waves could be reflected from objects. But scientists did notmake great advances in radar research until the 1930s, when the world was threatened by war. 52 It hasbeen used widely in almost every conflict since then.Echoes make it possible for radar to work. When a beam of radio waves is sent out, it strikes on an objectand returns an echo. This echo is picked up by radar and recorded on a screen similar to television screen. On thescreen an observer sees a flash, or a blip, that shows the direction and distance of the object. 53Airport control towers use radar to guide planes in for safe landings. Almost all large ships depend onradar to prevent collisions with icebergs or other ships. 54 Weather forecasters “see”the size, direction,and speed of storms on radar screens. Astronomers can even use radar to measure accurately the distance tothe moon. Thus, the device has generated major advancements.55 Huge radar antennas have been installed all over the United States. They guard us against possible enemy attacks. We have ballistic—missiles (战略)warning systems that can alert us to attacks when missiles are more than 1,000 miles away. Other radar systems warn us against enemy aircraft and evenspying space satellites.A.Police track speeders in radar-equipped cars.B.These measurements are now highly accurate.C.The device can be used in a wide range of fields.D.It is therefore especially valuable to shippers and travelers.E.During World War II many countries used radar effectively.F.Today radar is used by commercial airliners and weather forecasters.G.Strengthening national defense is one of radar’s most important functions.其次节〔共5 小题；每题2 分，共10 分〕51. D 52. E 53. B 54. A 55. G【西城一模】其次节〔共5 小题；每题2 分，共10 分〕依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。
2020高三英语一模汇编写七选五
2020北京各区高三英语一模分类汇编—七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
1、（2020北京朝阳一模）What Your Nose KnowsYour sense of smell enriches your experience of the world around you.Different scents can change your mood or transport you back to a distant memory.Your ability to smell also plays a key role in your health.46The things we smell are actually the tiny molecules(分子)released by substances all around us.When webreathe in these molecules,they stimulate specialized sensory cells high inside the nose.47But a given molecule can stimulate a combination of these receptors,creating a unique representation in the brain.We perceive that representation as a smell.48A stuffy(不通气的)nose or a harmless growth in the nose can block air and thus scents from reachingthe sensory cells.Certain medications,like some blood pressure pills,can change smell,but these effects are usually temporary.Your smell should come back once you’ve recovered or stopped the medication.But some things can cause a long-lasting loss of smell.A head injury or virus,for example,can sometimes damage the nerves related to smell.49According to Dr.Davangere Devanand,an expert on neurodegenerative(神经变性的)diseases and smell loss,the main reason appears to be that the functioning of the brain regions involved in smell and memory becomes damaged as we grow older.But problems with your ability to smell may be more than normal aging.They can sometimes be an early sign of serious health conditions,such as Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease.Devanand’s group is studying the relationships between smell dysfunction and certain disease.Researchers are also looking for ways to avoid smell loss.Some studies suggest that smell training may help you improve your ability to distinguish and identify scents.50But the question remains as to whether and how this might work.A.Many things can cause smell loss.B.People may have lost their ability to smell before they notice it.C.Each of these sensory cells has only one type of scent receptor.D.It may improve your brain’s ability to interpret low levels of scents.E.As people get older,many of them couldn’t identify certain kind of smell.F.If your ability to smell declines,it can affect your physical well-being and everyday safety.G.And with age,there is a decline in the ability to smell to some extent in the nose,but much more in the brain itself.2、（2020北京东城一模）As the higher education sector faces mounting pressures to provide value for money,it’s now often assumed that universities will provide its students with much more than just a degree.Most prospectuses（宣传册）introductionpresent institutions as being the“leaders”in academic research,student satisfaction,graduate employability and contact hours.46Visiting a university“in the flesh”on the open day is the only way you can truly get a feel for the place,and ensures you won’t get any unpleasant surprises when you start your course.47Remember that there is no such thing as the best university–only the best fit for you.Before your visit,conduct some online research and decide on a few universities you’d like to visit.Plan your day, booking any relevant sessions,and noting down any talks you would like to attend.Prepare a list of questions about all the aspects of university life.During your visit,you need to make plenty of notes!48You’ll start to forget important things unless you put them down.Note which accommodation you like as well as how much it costs and where it is located.Bear in mind that you might not get your first choice of accommodation,so have a few others in mind as a back-up.49Go along to application sessions and you can get the answers there.You could even show the admissions tutor a draft of your personal statement and ask for some direct feedback.Ask the experts–not only the admissions team and course tutors,but also the current students.While it might be tempting to let mum and dad take over,it’s you who will be going to university,not them,so don’t be afraid to speak up!Write down what you like about the university and compare it to others.Remember to make sure you prioritise your course over the university.50If you don’t enjoy your course,then chances are you will fail to maximise your potential.It’s your choice,so make the best of it!A.Avoid being misled by claims and statistics.B.It doesn’t matter how famous the university is.C.It is important to find out the selection criteria.D.With so many choices,how can you make an informed decision?E.Faced with all the information,what you need to do is to get the most out of it.F.The conversations and experiences you’ve had will mix together after a few visits.G.Determine your own criteria–especially if you’re unsure about which subjects to study.3、（2020北京房山一模）Suppose you were promised$1,440each day that comes to$525,600a year.That could never be reduced or changed in your whole life.Sounds great,doesn’t it?Actually,we all do get1,440a day—but in minutes,not dollars. 46It’s possible to get more money,but you can’t make more time.Many of the management practices that help people make good use of their money can also be applied to your “time currency”.But the question is,are you a good manager of your time?47Find out where your time is going now.Write down everything you do in a day.Include work,study,cooking and meals,cleaning and household maintenance,sleep,family time and mindless activities such as watching TV and getting lost in social media.48Ten minutes of planning can save you an hour of time and helps stretch the time you have,and you’ll see pockets of time you can use for things you want to do.“Once people have a clear picture,they actually do have a lot more time than they realize.”Clark,the founder of the Purposeful Planner says.You can also set e kitchen timers,phone reminders,apps or other timing devices to stay focused and work more productively,suggests Janine Adams,certified professional organizer of Peace of Mind Organizing.49When you have missions to run,instead of making three separate trips on three different days to buy groceries,office supplies or home store products,integrate them—visit all three stores in one trip.It’s more efficient to finish“little one-off”tasks together rather than deal with one at a time throughout the day.At the end of the day,week,month and year,take a look at how well you’ve managed your time.You’ll see where you could do better and where you’ve completed what you set out to do.Booren compares this progress check to reviewing your annual“financial statement”.50Do that over and over and“it forms habit and becomes natural.”Booren says.A.Try these simple steps to take control of your clock and calendar.B.Time is one of the most precious and limited resources for people.C.Grouping small tasks into one job proves to be helpful in daily practice.D.The most important tasks are not always the same as the most pressing tasks.E.Focus on what you’re doing and avoid having to repeat the same process twice.F.Invest a few minutes at the beginning of each day or week to plan and organize.G.Take time each day to reflect on your achievements and set goals for tomorrow.4、（2020北京丰台一模）For serious birders who regularly observe birds in the wild,ignoring climate change isn’t possible.We have been seeing and documenting the effects of a warming climate since at least the1950s.46Glossy black great-tailed grackles(美洲黑羽椋鸟),for example,previously found primarily in the tropics(热带),first reached southeastern California in1964.They are now found throughout most of the state.New research from the National Audubon Society highlights the dangers of the trend.For its new report,“Survival by Degrees,”Audubon scientists analyzed the current geographic ranges of604North American bird species,and modeled how those ranges would change at different levels of warming.At a global temperature rise of three degrees Celsius,they found that389of those species—or nearly two-thirds of those studied—would become endangered,losing much of their current habitat.47Why does this matter to anyone who’s not a bird watcher?For one thing,birds play a crucial role in the ecology, keeping down insect populations and serving as food themselves for larger predators(食肉动物).48Their shifting ranges warn of increasing droughts,floods,fires,rising seas and unlivable cities.49Audubon scientists modeled what would happen at lesser levels of warming,and the results are striking. Limiting warming to1.5degrees would reduce the danger for three-quarters of those threatened birds.Audubon’s report“Survival by Degrees”is not a depressing forecast but rather a call to action.It stresses the need for action at every level,by individuals and governments alike,to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.As a lifelong birder,I’m proud of the role my tribe has played in documenting the effects of climate change. When local conditions change,particular types of frogs or wildflowers may decrease and disappear,few will notice. 50I hope people can pay close attention to the urgent message in this new report and work together for solutions. Birds tell us we don’t have time to wait.A.We still have time to do something about it,however.B.But they also serve as a visible symbol of broader environmental shifts.C.This would greatly benefit humans,reducing the potential suffering for people.D.But when a bird species disappears,we dedicated birders document the change.E.In recent decades,that has meant a consistent northward shift in where species are found.F.The changes will make birding exciting,with birders finding new species in unexpected places.G.Even if some could shift their range northward,they would soon start to run out of room on the map.5、（2020北京适应一模）An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them.46There are three basic sub-types of interview:structured interviews,unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47Incidentally,“respondent”and“informant”are words that are sometimes used instead of“interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this personal contact:you are another human being,and interviewees will respond to you,in bodily presence,in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires that came through their letterboxes or to emails.48Most people want to help and give their opinions,and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit,you can be more or less guaranteed of a response.Most importantly, though,you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them.49You will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic.Because of the primacy of the personal contact,your appearance and tone are important—how do you want to be seen?As“one of us”?As a person in authority?As an observer?…Or what?50However you decide to present yourself,it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to talk about the weather,about your journey,about anything that will break the ice.A.This is a ready-made support for you.B.Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.C.You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.D.Your decision should influence the way that you look,sound and behave.E.The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination of these.F.Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.G.You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees might really mean.6、（2020北京海淀一模）Is there a link between social media and depression?Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health?It's complicated.In a recent study,the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens.46Specifically,for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers,she likely had a 0.64-point higher depression score.A different study published in2018identified five distinct types of social media users.The finding was that "problematic social media use"was one of the main themes for people whose mental health was affected by social media.You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem,or your alcohol use may become problematic.47There's one important thing to remember about survey research-just because two things happen together,it's not necessarily true that one causes the other.48For all we know,it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media.49If you think that we shouldn't paint social media with one broad brush,you're on the right track.On the one hand,participants often described social media as avaluable way to cope with stress.On the other hand,cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants.Some also said that constantly checking their own social media profile was stressful.It's certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying,comparing yourself to idealized images,and constantly monitoring your profile,are bad for your mood.It's also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages.Given the inconclusive research,it's safe to say that at least we shouldn't write off social media altogether.50Anyway,you cannot use it as a crutch for coping with other stressors and mental health problems.A.It's the same with social media.B.Social media can be a double-edged sword.C.People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media.D.They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores.E.They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks.F.The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying socially connected.G.For example,just because higher social media use co-occurs with higher levels of depression doesn't mean socialmedia use causes depression.7、（2020北京门头沟一模）How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to ThemAnyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing:Building new habits isn’t easy.46The good news:There’s a solution,and it’s called automation.47For example:If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve,try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week.If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day,try doing5pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy.48“Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化),which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,”Kahina Louis,a psychologist,tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals,you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,”she says.“Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement,and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement,automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference.Though we all love the major successes,the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step.49“As you show yourself each small change you’ve made,you’re giving yourself the message that you arecapable of accomplishment,”Louis says.“That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation.Louis says,“For example:If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work,then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal,try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water.“You might not even realize you’re doing it,and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,”she says.A.Find your auto habits.B.It takes time and insistence.C.But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D.Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E.It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F.It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G.Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.8、（2020北京密云一模）Mystery of EvolutionFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP),also named COVID-19by WHO,there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen.Fever,coughing,sore throat,difficulty breathing-the NCP's symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu.but it's potentially more dangerous.Viruses could be deadly,like HIV and Ebola(埃博拉).But what are viruses?How can they cause so muchtrouble?Viruses are non-living organisms(有机体)approximately one-millionth of an inch long.Unlike human cells or bacteria,they can't reproduce on their own.46Viruses can infect every living thing-from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria.For this reason,they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life.Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal.Other viral infections cause no noticeable reaction.Viruses lie around our environment all of the time,waiting for a host cell to come along.They can eater our bodies by the nose,mouth,eyes or breaks in the skin.47For example,HIV,which causes AIDS.attacks the T-cells of the immune system.But the basic question is,where did viruses first come from?48"Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult." Ed Rybicki,a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa,told Scientific American,"because viruses don't leave fossils(化石)and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they'veinvaded."49First,viruses started as independent organisms,then became parasites(寄生者).Second.virusesevolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that"escaped"from larger organisms.Third,viruses co-evolved with their host cells,which means they existed alongside these cells.For the time being,these are only theories.The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation.50Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier(含糊不清的)than it now appears.A.Once inside,they try to find a host cell to infect.B.Until now,no clear explanation for their origin exists.C.Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.D.There's pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus.E.However,there are three main hypotheses(假说)to explain the origin of viruses.F.Instead,they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce,spread and take over.G.Bat is a flying mammal with a long lifespan,whose temperature is high,similar to a fever.9、（2020北京平谷一模）The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on22March since1992.Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work,ways to stop wasting water,finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.46But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生).It is estimated that more than700children under the age ofseven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation.The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right.47These include rural communities,people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer.Apart from the obvious health issues,a lack of accessible clean water means that people—often women and children—spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies.This means they don’t have time to dedicate to work,studies and other domestic duties.48And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world.49But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only beaddressed by more efficient use of water,especially in industry and agriculture.Waste-water recycling,capturing rainwater,more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently.50We should support charities,raise awareness,take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and,of course,be careful with how we use water in our own lives.Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us.Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.A.Clean drinking water is fundamental.B.As individuals,what can we do to help the issue?C.The search for water becomes their main occupation.D.This important work needs to continue and to expand.E.Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.F.In normal conditions,the human body can only survive three or four days without water.G.However,there are still at least2.1billion people around the world living without safe water.10、（2020北京人大附一模）Why do some people have many friends while others do not?46However,it is not so.Let’s look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy interpersonal relations.The first experiment is called the“Hawthorne effect”after Hawthorne,Illinois,where the experiment took place.A group of psychologists examined the work patterns of two groups of workers in the Western Electric Company.47.The psychologists changed the working conditions for one group twice but left the other group alone.They were surprised to find that productivity increase on both occasions and in both groups.They concluded that the increase in productivity came from the attention given to the workers by the management.It had increased their motivation(积极性)and so they had worked harder.In other words,if you take an interest in others,they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.48After Martin Luther King,Jr was killed in the1960s,a teacher,Jane Elliott,living in an all–white town decided to help her class of young children understand why the Civil Rights Movement had been necessary in America.She divided the class into two groups:one with blue eyes and the other with brown eyes.Other eye colours such as hazel or green were excluded from his exercise.Then she told the class that brown–eyed people were cleverer than blue–eyed ones because of an agent(化学作用)for brown colour found in their blood.Blue–eyed people were stupid,lazy and not to be trusted.Jane Elliott did not need to say any more.The brown–eyed students quickly got used to their new role as the leaders of the class.The blue–eyed students became quiet and withdrawn.Then shediscovered something very interesting.Four poor brown–eyed readers began to read fluently in a way they had never done before.49.So if you want to be successful and happy,take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates.Congratulate them on their successes and sympathize(同情)with them in their troubles. 50.A.Before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them.B.Remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behavior to you.C.The second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or ignore others.D.The ones who have more friends usually are those who care about others.E.Jane Elliott had shown that the way people are treated affects not only their behavior but also their confidence and their performance.F.You may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.G.The second experiment tells us what teachers said has a great effect on the students.11、（2020北京石景山一模）How Smartphone Adds to Your WeightUsing a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline.Researchers have found that men and women consumed15%more calories when looking at their phones while eating.46The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract(分心)dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating.“It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,”said researchers who filmed62volunteers eating alone.The volunteers,aged18to28,were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food—ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate—until they were satisfied.47On average,the volunteers ate535calories without the distraction of a smartphone but591when using a mobile.Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate616calories while using their phones.When in possession of their mobiles,the volunteers also consumed10percent more fatty foods.48“Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,”said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa,a lead author of the study—carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands.He added:“Tablets and smartphones have become the main‘distracters’during meals,even early in childhood.49A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food accepted.”50A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal.A.They also eat more fatty food.B.They also ate more when reading a magazine.C.Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain.D.The study is published in Physiology And Behavior.E.It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes.F.Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day.G.They were recorded eating with no distractions,using a smartphone or reading a magazine.12、（2020北京顺义一模）Sustainable Fabrics（织物）of the FutureChoosing what to wear can be a difficult problem,especially if you5re a fashion victim.Trying to keep up with the latest styles involves regular visits to the shopping malls and sometimes paying for expensive designer clothes.But the fashion often changes.46Many stores now offer cheap“fast fashion”一low-price items that copy the styles of more expensive designer brands.Environmentalists are angered by the amount of energy involved in making these clothes and that many of them are made from non-recyclable materials.47Eleanor Lawrie,a BBC reporter,says that people in the UK are the worst in Europe for getting rid of unwanted clothes every year.And she says,"On top of often poor labour conditions for workers,the fashion industry is also responsible for20%of the world's waste water,and10%of carbon emissions（丹F放）.”This is something the fashion industry is becoming more aware of and has tried to find new crops of biomaterials to replace wasteful fabrics like cotton and leather.Examples include Pinatex,a leather-like material made from pineapple leaves.It's been used in collections by Hugo Boss and H&M.48It is being used to create food,packaging and clothes.49The current farming practice requires a massive amount of water and insect killer.Eleanor says,"About 15,000litres of water are required to make one pair of jeans,while95%of its material is cotton."So,buying organic cotton is a better choice.And there is also Tencel,a natural product becoming increasingly popular.It's made by taking cellulose fiber（木质纤维素）from trees and its production is thought to use95%less water than cotton processing.Professor Richard Blackbum from Leeds School of Design tells the BBC that creating sustainable fabrics is only part of the battle一buying reasonably,buying second hand and buying fewer clothes are obviously the more environmentally friendly choices for people.50If one can do that,he is starting to be sustainable.。
2024北京高三一模英语汇编：七选五
2024北京高三一模英语汇编七选五一、阅读理解（2024北京门头沟高三一模）More than a quarter have to enlarge the font size on their mobile phone so they can read it clearly. 1 Meanwhile, 28% regularly squint (眯眼看) at the screen. And all of them are signs of eye disorder.“The research has shown our eyes are not designed to be fixed on a single object for a long time, especially smaller laptops or smart devices. 2 Even worse, staring at the screen constantly can lead to dry eye syndrome,” says Giles Edmonds, a clinical service director.Dry eye syndrome is a condition where the eyes do not make enough tears, or the tears evaporate too quickly. Here are some simple solutions to prevent eye strain and irritation, and preserve your eye health overall.Rest your eyes.Follow the 20:20:20 rule, looking up from your screen every 20 minutes and look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. 3 It in turn reduces eye tiredness.Adjust your workstation.Change your screen settings to ensure that the brightness and contrast are balanced correctly, as well as making fonts larger. Also, be mindful of how your workstation is positioned. Adjust your screen ensuring it is 15—20 degrees below eye level and around 50—70 cm away from the eyes. 4Reduce glare (眩光).5 . Try reducing this by attaching an anti-glare screen to your monitor or laptop to avoid external light shining onto the screen. Glasses wearers can also have lenses treated with an anti-glare coating.A．People should try to reduce the time spent on the screen.B．One can read his favorite paper books instead of e-books.C．Half confess they’re forced to enlarge images to see them clearly.D．Another thing to focus on is to make sure your room is properly lit.E．Looking into the distance helps relax the focusing muscles of your eyes.F．Reflections on your computer screen can cause glare and lead to eye fatigue.G．They may feel uncomfortable, painful, tired and even start to itch (发痒) or burn.（2024北京延庆高三一模）Do you want to be a cognitive superager when you are old? Just as you take steps towards a future-proofing body, you can enhance your brain’s resilience to age-related disease by boosting cognitive reserve.Andrew Sommerlad, an associate professor of psychiatry, discovers the power of cognitive reserve in studies of older people who show signs of Alzheimer’s (阿尔兹海默症) in their brains. 6 Actually, three years ago, colleagues of Sommerlad had also published findings from Study of Ageing. They showed that higher levels of cognitive reserve are associated with lower levels of dementia.7 The strong cognitive reserve is helpful to stave off symptoms of brain changes associated not just with dementia but with other brain diseases. It also helps you to function better for longer when facing unexpected life events as you get older.How do you improve it? The younger you implement things that will bolster it, the better. For example, you can do tasks that challenges your brain ability, like crosswords, reading, giving impromptu speech and critical thinking.8 So, do mind-body practices like yoga, Tai Chi or meditation to reduce stress is also important. This can help you balance the periods of mental demand and relaxation.9 ideally, seven to nine hours is optimal for enhancing cognitive reserve. Start by improving your sleep hygiene with steps such as avoiding electronic screens.Cognitive reserve is developed through a lifetime of education, curiosity and persistence. 10A．Its effects are wide reaching.B．Additionally, maintain regular sleep patterns.C．So plan ahead to make sure you keep cognitively busy and engaged!D．There are ways you can improve sleep, for both young and old people.E．It suggests that developing a good cognitive reserve can be powerfully protective.F．However, thinking too hard for too long may wear you out, hurting cognitive reserve.G．They cope better with pathological (病理上的) changes, the higher their powers of cognitive reserve.（2024北京东城高三一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020北京高三英语一模七选五汇总解析 精校版10城区
做题五大原则：话题一致，代词指代，名词复现，总分结构，前后逻辑。
2020西城一模Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some message in the type of clothing they wore. Long ago people started wanting to stand out from the “crowd” and be different from other people by means of changing their clothing. Some examples of these “standing out” became very popular and were followed by more people. 46 Nowadays, fashion has become a necessary part of one’s self-realization and clothing is basically a covering designed to be worn on a person’s body. This covering is a “necessity”, which brings a lot of variety into the lives of people and makes their image more complete.By means of 以。
方式covering 覆盖物The type of clothing completely depends on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personal identity. Lately, a lot is being heard about its meaning in the life of every single person on the planet. The choice of clothing is as important as identification through the color of hair, skin and gender. As every piece of clothing carries a strong message about its owner, every owner “nests” a certain value in it depending on his mindset or today’s mood. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a means of communication with the outside world. 47Nest 嵌套，拥有For exampleClothes have a significant impact on the understanding of the people nearby as well as the person wearing them. For instance, a suit can make a person feel more confident and organized, which would eventually change even the gestures of the person. 48 Sometimes, fashion may play a vital role in a person’s life, especially when the person is applying for the job he wants. Fashion also creates a message that is required by a situation the person finds himself in. This can be simply proved by analyzing one’s reaction on people wearing different types of clothing. 49 Thus, even the smallest companies make wearing a suit one of the requirements for their employees.50 Fashion, with all its symbolism and features, form an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. It is a part of the self-realization that is required for finding a place in life and has become a tool for achieving harmony with the inner world. The more diverse the society around us, the more fashion-trend will appear and surprise us.Separate A from B inseparableA.Fashion helps us realize our dreams. 时尚助我们实现梦想B.This was the moment when fashion appeared. 这是时尚出现的时候C.Fashion and identity are inseparable companions. 时尚和身份是不可以分割的伴侣D.Clothing was designed to serve people in their daily life.衣服是用来服务人的E.The preference is always given to people dressed in “business style”.人们喜欢穿商务风格的衣服F.It is the way of telling people about the “state” and the “status” of its owner.通过过穿着得知主人的状态和身份G.Wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very casual one.穿牛仔改变了人的行为到一种自由形式西城一模: 46.B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C2020海淀一模Is there a link between social media and depression? Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health? Ifs complicated.In a recent study, the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens.46 Specifically, for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers, she likely had a0.64-point higher depression score.A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types of social media users. The finding was that "problematic social media use" was one of the main themes f o r people whose mental health was affected by social media. You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem, or your alcohol use may become problematic. 47There's one important thing to remember about survey research because two things happen together, it's not necessarily true that one causes the other. 48 For all we know, it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media.49 If you think that we shouldn't paint social media with one broad brush, you're on the right track. On the one hand, participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress. On the other hand, cyberbullying via social media was also a common experience for participants. Some also said that constantly checking their own social media profile was stressful.Ifs certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying, comparing yourself to idealized images, and constantly monitoring your profile, are bad f o r your mood. It's also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages. Given the inconclusive research, it's safe to say that at least we shouldn't write off social media altogether. 50 Anyway, you cannot use it as a crutch f o r coping with other stressors and mental health problems.A.It's the same with social media.B.Social media can be a double-edged sword.C.People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media.D.They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores.E.They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks.F.The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying socially connected.G.For example, just because higher social media use co-occurs with higher levels of depression doesn't mean social media use causes depression.答案：46. D 47. A 48. G 49. B 50. F2020朝阳一模What Your Nose KnowsY our sense of smell enriches your experience of the world around you. Different scents can change your mood or transport you back to a distant memory. Y our ability to smell also plays a key role in your health. 46The things we smell are actually the tiny molecules(分子) released by substances all around us. When we breathe in these molecules, they stimulate specialized sensory cells high inside the nose. 47 But a given molecule can stimulate a combination of these receptors, creating a unique representation in the brain. W e perceive that representation as a smell.48 A stuffy(不通气的) nose or a harmless growth in the nose can block air and thus scents from reaching the sensory cells. Certain medications, like some blood pressure pills, can change smell, but these effects are usually temporary. Y our smell should come back once you’ve recovered or stopped the medication. But some things can causea long-lasting loss of smell. A head injury or virus, for example, can sometimes damage the nerves related to smell.49 According to Dr. Davangere Devanand, an expert on neurodegenerative(神经变性的) diseases and smell loss, the main reason appears to be that the functioning of the brain regions involved in smell and memory becomes damaged as we grow older.But problems with your ability to smell may be more than normal aging. They can sometimes be an early sign of serious health conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease. Devanand’s group is studying the relationships between smell dysfunction and certain disease.Researchers are also looking for ways to avoid smell loss. Some studies suggest that smell training may help you improve your ability to distinguish and identify scents. 50 But the question remains as to whether and how this might work.A. Many things can cause smell loss.B. People may have lost their ability to smell before they notice it.C. Each of these sensory cells has only one type of scent receptor.D. It may improve your brain’s ability to interpret low levels of scents.E. As people get older, many of them couldn’t identify certain kind of smell.F. If your ability to smell declines, it can affect your physical well-being and everyday safety.G. And with age, there is a decline in the ability to smell to some extent in the nose, but much more in the brain itself.46．F47．C48．A49．G50．D2020丰台一模For serious birders who regularly observe birds in the wild, ignoring climate change isn’t possible. We have been seeing and documenting the effects of a warming climate since at least the 1950s.46 Glossy black great-tailed grackles (美洲黑羽椋鸟), for example, previously found primarily in the tropics (热带), first reached southeastern California in 1964. They are now found throughout most of the state.New research from the National Audubon Society highlights the dangers of the trend. For its new report, “Survival by Degrees,” Audubon scientists analyzed the current geographic ranges of 604 North American bird species, and modeled how those ranges would change at different levels of warming. At a global temperature rise of three degrees Celsius, they found that 389 of those species—or nearlytwo-thirds of those studied—would become endangered, losing much of their current habitat. 47 Why does this matter to anyone who’s not a bird watcher? For one thing, birds play a crucial role in the ecology, keeping down insect populations and serving as food themselves for larger predators (食肉动物). 48 Their shifting ranges warn of increasing droughts, floods, fires, rising seas and unlivable cities.49 Audubon scientists modeled what would happen at lesser levels of warming, and the results are striking. Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees would reduce the danger for three-quarters of those threatened birds. Audubon’s report “Survival by Degrees” is not a depressing forecast but rather a call to action. It stresses the need for action at every level, by individuals and governments alike, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.As a lifelong birder, I’m proud of the role my tribe has played in documenting the effects of climate change. When local conditions change, particular types of frogs or wildflowers may decrease and disappear, few will notice. 50 I hope people can pay close attention to the urgent message in this new report and work together for solutions. Birds tell us we don’t have time to wait.A. We still have time to do something about it, however.B. But they also serve as a visible symbol of broader environmental shifts.C. This would greatly benefit humans, reducing the potential suffering for people.D. But when a bird species disappears, we dedicated birders document the change.E. In recent decades, that has meant a consistent northward shift in where species are found.F. The changes will make birding exciting, with birders finding new species in unexpected places.G. Even if some could shift their range northward, they would soon start to run out of room on the map.46. E47.G48. B49. A50. D2020延庆一模Where do you think the world’s happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 46 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let’s start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital(人均) than other country. .47 Because a shop assistant’s final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don’t choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There’s a philosophy in Denmark known as “Jante-lov”, which translates as “you’re no better than anybody else.” 48 But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn’t seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a “post consumerist” society.49 What is more important is the sense of society and it’s no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.50 They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You’ll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes—simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren’t as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government.E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they’re not mad about shopping and spending.G. And there’s another advantage to those high taxes.延庆一模：46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C2020门头沟一模How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to Them5Anyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits isn’t easy. 46The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.A. Find your auto habits.B. It takes time and insistence.C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.门头沟一模：46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A2020密云一模6Mystery of EvolutionFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing-the NCP's symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu. but it's potentially more dangerous.Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola (埃博拉) . But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can't reproduce on their own. 46 Viruses can infect every living thing-from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections cause no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 47 For example, HIV, which causes AIDS. attacks the T-cells of the immune system.But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 48 "Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult. " Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, "because viruses don't leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded."49 First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者) . Second. viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. 50 Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears.A. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect.B. Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists.C. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.D. There's pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus.E. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses.F. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.G. Bat is a flying mammal with a long lifespan, whose temperature is high, similar to a fever.密云一模：46-50 FABEC2020平谷一模The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since1992. Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.46 But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生). It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation. The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right. 47 These include rural communities, people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer.Apart from the obvious health issues, a lack of accessible clean water means that people —often women and children — spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies.This means they don’ t have time to dedicate to work, studies and other domestic duties.48 And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world. 49 But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water, especially in industry and agriculture. Waste-water recycling, capturing rainwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently.50 We should support charities, raise awareness, take part in the World Water Day7events that are happening all around the world and, of course, be careful with how we use water in our own lives. Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us. Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.A. Clean drinking water is fundamental.B. As individuals, what can we do to help the issue?C. The search for water becomes their main occupation.D. This important work needs to continue and to expand.E. Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.F. In normal conditions, the human body can only survive three or four days without water.G. However, there are still at least 2. 1 billion people around the world living without safe water.平谷一模：46. A；47. G；48. C；49. D；50. B；2020石景山一模How Smartphone Adds to Your WeightUsing a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline. Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating. 46 The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract (分心) dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating.“It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,” said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone.The volunteers, aged 18 to 28, were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food—ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate—until they were satisfied.47 On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile.Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. 48“Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study—carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands.He added: “Tablets and smartphones have become the main ‘distracters’ during meals, even early in childho od. 49A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food a ccepted.”50 A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal.A. They also eat more fatty food.B. They also ate more when reading a magazine.C. Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain.D. The study is published in Physiology And Behavior.E. It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes.F. Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day.G. They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine.石景山一模：46．A；47．G；48．B；49．E；50．D；2020高三英语适应性考试An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.8A great deal is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being, and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires that came through their letterboxes or to emails. 48 Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. Most importantly, though, you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them.49 Y ou will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are important—how do you want to be seen? As “one of us”? As a person in authority? As an observer? …Or what?50 However you decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break the ice.A.This is a ready-made support for you.B.Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.C.You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.D.Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound and behave.E.The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination of these.F.Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.G.You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees mightreally mean.高三英语适应性考试：46．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D910西城一模: 46.B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C延庆一模：46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C门头沟一模：46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A密云一模：46-50 FABEC平谷一模：46. A；47. G；48. C；49. D；50. B；石景山一模：46．A；47．G；48．B；49．E；50．D；高三英语适应性考试：46．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D1146．B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C2020延庆一模Where do you think the world’s happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 46 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let’s start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital(人均) than other country. .47 Because a shop assistant’s final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don’t choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There’s a philosophy in Denmark known as “Jante-lov”, which translates as “you’re no better than anybody else.” 48 But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn’t seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a “post consumerist” society.49 What is more important is the sense of society and it’s no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.50 They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You’ll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes—simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren’t as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they’re not mad about shopping and spending.G. And there’s another advantage to those high taxes.46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C2020门头沟一模How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to ThemAnyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits12isn’t easy. 46The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.A. Find your auto habits.B. It takes time and insistence.C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A2020高三适应性考试13。
[2019][北京市高三一模英语分类汇编--七选五]
![[2019][北京市高三一模英语分类汇编--七选五]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/8cc0765948d7c1c708a145e1.png)
七选五1. 2019海淀一模Benefits of SportsDoing sports is a physical, mental and social adventure. It’s a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy. It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being.The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious. Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports, you’ll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you’re involved. 46 Basketball players focus on strength training; football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs. The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions.47 Playing sports contributes to mental health, helping to increase confidence and self-worth. A pat on the back, high-five from a teammate, or handshake after a match really boosts a child’s confidence. Words of praise and encouragement from the coach, parents and other players raise the self-worth. 48 So after a game, it’s a better idea to ask “Did you enjoy the game?” rather than “Did you win?”Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect, feeling part of a group, building up accountability and leadership. 49 Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome. Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions. Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader.Discipline is another social advantage. Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule. As a student-athlete, you need to balance academics and athletics. 50There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in. Are you ready to go? Pick one and get moving!A. It’s not just your body that benefits from sports.B. Therefore, playing sports is going to make you more fit.C. But remember, a child’s self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss.D. If you play group sports, you’ll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach.E. Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive.F. Among these, learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage.G. Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field.Can We Stop Food Longing Through Imaginary Eating?Are you fighting an urge to reach for chocolate? Then, let it melt in your mind, not in your mouth. According to the recent research, imagining eating a specific food reduces your interest in that food, so you eat less of it.This reaction to repeated exposure to food—being less interested in something because you’ve experienced it too much—is called habituation. ____46____ The research is the first to show that habituation can occur through the power of the mind. “If you just think about the food itself—how it tastes and smells—that will increase your appetite,” said Carey Morewedge, a well-known psychologist. “It might be better to force yourself to repeatedly think about chewing and swallowing the food in order to reduce your longing. ____47____ Visualizing yourself eating chocolate wouldn’t prevent you from eating lots of cheese,” he added.Morewedge conducted an interesting experiment. 51 subjects were divided into three groups. One group was asked to imagine putting 30 coins into a laundry machine and then eating three chocolates. ____48____ Another group was asked to imagine putting three coins into a laundry machine and then eating 30 chocolates. Lastly, a control group imagined just putting 33 coins into the machine—with no chocolates. ____49____ When they said they had finished, these were taken away and weighed. The results showed the group that had imagined eating 30 chocolates each ate fewer of the chocolates than the other groups.____50____ Physical signals—that full stomach feeling—are only part of what tells us we’ve finished a meal. The research suggests that psychological effects, such as habituation, also influence how much a person eats. It may lead to new behavioral techniques for people looking to eat more healthily, or have control over other habits.A. What’s more, this only works with the specific food you’ve imagined.B. People were advised to try different methods to perform the experiment.C. For example, a tenth bite is desired less than the first bite, according to the study.D. All of them then ate freely from bowls containing the same amount of chocolateeach.E. It meant those who repeatedly imagined eating would concern about some specificfood.F. This requires the same motor skills as eating small chocolates from a packet, thestudy says.G. This study is part of the research looking into what makes us eat more than we actually need.Empathy is the ability to imagine what it must be like in someone else’s situation. It is an essential part of what it means to be human, to the extent that we are suspicious of anyone who does not show empathy in their behavior.46 We read novels, watch television and go to the theatre, and part of our enjoyment comes from understanding the dilemma faced by the characters because we know how we would feel if we were in the same situation.47 One study has shown animals displaying empathy towards other animals and towards humans. Creatures from across the animal kingdom such as bees and whales, as well as domestic pets, display behavior that suggests they cooperate with and protect each other.In another study, psychiatrist Jules Masserman and his team conducted an experiment with monkeys in which the monkeys pulled one of two chains that released food. One chain simply released the food, while another gave an electric shock to a second monkey. The first monkey stopped pulling the chain that delivered the shock. 48 This empathetic behavior was observed in a number of monkeys.The origin of empathy is probably the need for the young of all animal species to be cared for. They communicate this requirement by crying for attention and to show pain. Both human and non-human young were more likely to survive if their parents reacted positively to their needs. People and animals alike are social beings and are more likely to work together. 49 If we help others, we are also helping ourselves and so empathy is sensible and realistic.We don’t always display empathy, however. Just as animals react aggressively to unknown creatures from their own or other species, humans tend to regard people they don’t know with suspicion. 50 Our unwillingness to trust anyone unfamiliar is as natural to us as our empathy towards those we know and love.A. To feel empathy is not restricted to real life.B. You can empathize with someone without feeling sympathy for them.C. This fear of strangers will, we believe, protect us from personal danger.D. It seemed to be willing to go hungry rather than see a fellow animal suffer.E. However, it seems that in fact empathy may not be a quality unique to humans.F.Empathy plays a role in that as it allows us to understand our fellow humans better.G. It’s certainly difficult to understand an animal’s intention behind an emphatic response.Public SpeakingPublic speaking can be defined as the act of making a speech in front of a group of listeners.The types of public speaking are deliberately structured with three general purposes: to inform, to persuade and to entertain. An informative speech has a purpose to inform, or give knowledge to its audience. 46 For persuasive speech, the speaker would try to change the mindset, perception, or behavior of the audience for their own good. Thus, the speaker needs to look for common ground with the audience and try to relate to what they might agree on. The last type is a ceremonial speech. It tends to be less formal and more personal than the other types of speeches. No matter how well you know the person you are giving speech about, try not to say bad things about them, even if it is meant to be a joke.47 Sparing some time to practice will help build confidence and help determine how long the presentation will last. Aside from it, knowing who the audience will be is quite necessary. Try to get as much information as possible regarding this particular area related to the audience. Knowing the “battlefield” in advance will give the speakers a huge advantage.Language is the main aspect a speaker needs to pay attention to while giving a speech. 48 A speaker needs to choose their words carefully and make it clear to the audience what they mean. Often, when given a speech, the audience look up to the speaker to give them something new and useful. 49 Language and delivery alone will not be sufficient if the speaker does not have the body language. The movement and gesture of a speaker also affect the audience. While closing the speech or presentation, speakers can restate their main points, just to remind the audience of the important things that have been said. 50A. It needs to be used clearly.B. These speeches mark special occasions.C. The important thing to watch about is not to put in too much information.D. The key of perfecting anything is through practice, including public speaking.E. They can also end it with a special message and encourage the audience to ask questions.F. Knowing how public speaking is done is a key part in understanding the importance of it.G. Thus, the speaker needs to know how to deliver their speech to fulfill the audience’s expectation.Are You a Prisoner of Perfection?Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach? 46 Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you can’t achieve the unachievable? Understanding what drives perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self-created anchor that keeps us stuck.Shame and fear are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism. We believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us with criticism and we’ll win respect and approval.47 Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame. They fear that showing vulnerability(弱点) will expose them to the accusation that they’re weak. They stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when it’s obvious that the emperor has no clothes.Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future. We’re constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better. 48 However, if we can’t relax and enjoy lighter moments, then we become prisoners of our perfectionism. We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too seriously. Sadly, we deprive(剥夺) ourselves of the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves.49 We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn’t mean that we are a failure. Without failures, we’ll never learn from our mistakes; we’ll never move forward in our lives. Those who succeed have made countless mistakes. The important thing is to learn from our error, forgive ourselves and move on.Being human, perfection is impossible. 50 Releasing ourselves from the desire to protect our image, we’re freed to sail gracefully through our successes and failures—and enjoy our precious life.A. Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible to realize?B. A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings.C. Do you fear that others will be horrified by what you judge about yourself?D. The addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect.E. There’s nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way.F. People who are addicted to perfection are often isolated, even if they seem outgoing and popular.G. By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best, we begin to rid the shame that drives perfectionism.6. 2019西城一模Today’s students are surrounded by information. The ability to figure out exactly why authors write—and not accept every opinion as fact—is a key skill. 46 The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write.Start with why. “Why did the author write this piece?” is the key question asked to identify author’s purpose. To help students expand their understanding of “why,” post various types of nonfiction (an advertisement, opinion article, news article, etc.) around your classroom and have students quickly identify a purpose for each. 47 Talk about structure. Authors use different structures for different purposes. For example, one author may use time order to explain an event, while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event into context.48 Often when authors write, they’re trying to get readers to feel a certain way. Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales. Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation. After students read a text, stop and ask: How do you feel? And how did the author get you to feel this way?Connect it to students’ own writing. It doesn’t have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand. 49 When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about, to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory, they’ll become more conscious of how authors approach writing.Observe how purpose changes within a text. Auth or’s purpose is often studied through the text as a whole, but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well. 50 Then, they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation. And finally, they may conclude with an appeal. Take a short article and break it apart, identifying the different purposes so that students see how author’s purpose changes as they read.A. Get to the heart.B. Identify the topic.C. The readers may get more advanced in their work with informational text.D. For example, an author may include a funny anecdote (轶事) to draw the reader in.E. In particular, they'll need to figure out author’s purpose and draw their own conclusions.F. Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes.G. Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write.七选五--参考答案1. 2019海淀一模46. E 47. A 48. C 49. F50. G2. 2019朝阳一模46—50 CAFDG3. 2019丰台一模46. A47.E48. D49. F50. C4. 2019石景山一模46－50: CDAGE5. 2019东城一模46．A 47．D 48．E 49．B 50．G 6. 2019西城一模46．E 47．G 48．A 49．F 50．D。
2020北京城区高三英语一模七选五汇总解析校对
做题五大原则：话题一致，代词指代，名词复现，总分结构，前后逻辑。
2020西城一模Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some message in the type of clothing they wore. Long ago people started wanting to stand out from the “crowd” and be different from other people by means of changing their clothing. Some examples of these “standing out” became very popular and were followed by more people. 46 Nowadays, fashion has become a necessary part of one’s self-realization and clothing is basically a covering designed to be worn on a person’s body. This covering is a “necessity”, which brings a lot of variety into the lives of people and makes their image more complete.By means of 以。
方式covering 覆盖物The type of clothing completely depends on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personal identity. Lately, a lot is being heard about its meaning in the life of every single person on the planet. The choice of clothing is as important as identification through the color of hair, skin and gender. As every piece of clothing carries a strong message about its owner, every owner “nests” a certain value in it depending on his mindset or today’s mood. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a means of communication with the outside world. 47Nest 嵌套，拥有For exampleClothes have a significant impact on the understanding of the people nearby as well as the person wearing them. For instance, a suit can make a person feel more confident and organized, which would eventually change even the gestures of the person. 48 Sometimes, fashion may play a vital role in a person’s life, especially when the person is applying for the job he wants. Fashion also creates a message that is required by a situation the person finds himself in. This can be simply proved by analyzing one’s reaction on people wearing different types of clothing. 49 Thus, even the smallest companies make wearing a suit one of the requirements for their employees.50 Fashion, with all its symbolism and features, form an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. It is a part of the self-realization that is required for finding a place in life and has become a tool for achieving harmony with the inner world. The more diverse the society around us, the more fashion-trend will appear and surprise us.Separate A from B inseparableA.Fashion helps us realize our dreams. 时尚助我们实现梦想B.This was the moment when fashion appeared. 这是时尚出现的时候C.Fashion and identity are inseparable companions. 时尚和身份是不可以分割的伴侣D.Clothing was designed to serve people in their daily life.衣服是用来服务人的E.The preference is always given to people dressed in “business style”.人们喜欢穿商务风格的衣服F.It is the way of telling people about the “state” and the “status” of its owner.通过过穿着得知主人的状态和身份G.Wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very casual one.穿牛仔改变了人的行为到一种自由形式西城一模: 46.B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C2020延庆一模Where do you think the world’s happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 46 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let’s start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital(人均) than other country. .47 Because a shop assistant’s final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don’t choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There’s a philosophy in Denmark known as “Jante-lov”, which translates as “you’re no better than anybody else.” 48 But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn’t seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a “post consumerist” society.49 What is more important is the sense of society and it’s no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.50 They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You’ll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes—simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren’t as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they’re not mad about shopping and spending.G. And there’s another advantage to those high taxes.延庆一模：46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C2020门头沟一模How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to ThemAnyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits isn’t easy. 46The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.A. Find your auto habits.B. It takes time and insistence.C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.门头沟一模：46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A2020密云一模Mystery of EvolutionFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing-the NCP's symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu. but it's potentially more dangerous.Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola (埃博拉) . But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can't reproduce on their own. 46 Viruses can infect every living thing-from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections cause no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can eater our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 47 For example, HIV, which causes AIDS. attacks the T-cells of the immune system.But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 48 "Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult. " Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, "because viruses don't leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded."49 First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者) . Second. viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. 50 Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears.A. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect.B. Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists.C. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.D. There's pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus.E. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses.F. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.G. Bat is a flying mammal with a long lifespan, whose temperature is high, similar to a fever.密云一模：46-50 FABEC2020平谷一模The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since1992. Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.46 But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生). It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation. The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right. 47 These include rural communities, people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climatechange is making water more and more scarcer.Apart from the obvious health issues, a lack of accessible clean water means that people —often women and children — spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies.This means they don’ t have time to dedicate to work, studies and other domestic duties.48 And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world. 49 But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water, especially in industry and agriculture. Waste-water recycling, capturing rainwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently.50 We should support charities, raise awareness, take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and, of course, be careful with how we use water in our own lives. Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us. Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.A. Clean drinking water is fundamental.B. As individuals, what can we do to help the issue?C. The search for water becomes their main occupation.D. This important work needs to continue and to expand.E. Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.F. In normal conditions, the human body can only survive three or four days without water.G. However, there are still at least 2. 1 billion people around the world living without safe water.平谷一模：46. A；47. G；48. C；49. D；50. B；2020石景山一模How Smartphone Adds to Your WeightUsing a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline. Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating. 46 The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract (分心) dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating.“It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,” said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone.The volunteers, aged 18 to 28, were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food—ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate—until they were satisfied.47 On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile.Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. 48“Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study—carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands.He added: “Tablets and smartphones have become the main ‘distracters’ during meals, even early in childhood. 49A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food a ccepted.”50 A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal.A. They also eat more fatty food.B. They also ate more when reading a magazine.C. Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain.D. The study is published in Physiology And Behavior.E. It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes.F. Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day.G. They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine.石景山一模：46．A；47．G；48．B；49．E；50．D；2020高三英语适应性考试An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being, and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires that came through their letterboxes or to emails. 48 Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. Most importantly, though, you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them.49 Y ou will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are important—how do you want to be seen? As “one of us”? As a person in authority? As an observer? …Or what?50 However you decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break the ice.A.This is a ready-made support for you.B.Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.C.You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.D.Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound and behave.E.The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination of these.F.Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.G.You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees mightreally mean.高三英语适应性考试：46．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D7西城一模: 46.B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C延庆一模：46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C门头沟一模：46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A密云一模：46-50 FABEC平谷一模：46. A；47. G；48. C；49. D；50. B；石景山一模：46．A；47．G；48．B；49．E；50．D；高三英语适应性考试：46．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D846．B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C2020延庆一模Where do you think the world’s happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 46 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let’s start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital(人均) than other country. .47 Because a shop assistant’s final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don’t choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There’s a philosophy in Denmark known as “Jante-lov”, which translates as “you’re no better than anybody else.” 48 But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn’t seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a “post consumerist” society.49 What is more important is the sense of society and it’s no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.50 They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You’ll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes—simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren’t as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they’re not mad about shopping and spending.G. And there’s another advantage to those high taxes.46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C2020门头沟一模How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to ThemAnyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits9isn’t easy. 46The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.A. Find your auto habits.B. It takes time and insistence.C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A2020高三适应性考试10An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them.46 There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being, and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires that came through their letterboxes or to emails. 48 Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response. Most importantly, though, you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them.49 Y ou will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are important—how do you want to be seen? As “one of us”? As a person in authority? As an observer? …Or what?50 However you decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break the ice.H.This is a ready-made support for you.I.Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.J.You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.K.Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound and behave.L.The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination of these. M.Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.N.You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees might really mean.1146．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D12。
北京高三英语一模七选五汇总知识讲解
朝阳区The Tower and the GloryA large man jumps onto my shoulders. He is quickly followed by anotherslightly smaller man who catches my belt and moves up. Another follows. Then Ibegin to move slowly from on side to another dangerously.A castell is a human tower built traditionally in festivals in Spain. The activityof making human towers began almost 200 years ago near Tarragona, just southof Barcelona. 71 It has become an annual event in some areas of thecountry. Usually it is considered a success once all castellers have climbed into their appointed places. On November 16, 2010, castells were declared to be one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.72 It is a formation of several people in which two or more people support a level of higher people, who in turn may support other higher levels of people. Each person is wound into a long narrow piece of cloth worn around the waist to help other people hold tightly when they climb. Typically, the number of the people in each level is one greater than the level immediately above it, resulting in a triangular structure. 73At first I’d like to go on top to enjoy the glory, but the clu b’s president indicated a little girl who looked as though she had been raised on the top. It was she who had pride of place on top of the tower. For my first try-out I was given the role of second hands. Once I had assumed my position, people began to climb up me to the tower without warning. 74 My hard work must have been appreciated because I was quickly promoted to support the bottoms of the first level of the tower.My performance in the “hands”section was obviously satisfactory. 75 I was really proud of that, since it was a clear gesture that I had been fully accepted.A. Building a good human tower takes team work and skills.B. Within seconds I assisted in the formation of a three- level tower.C. Each team is famous for its tallest and most complex tower of people.D. Once a tower is built, try and see if the group can hold it for a count of 30.E. Since then it’s been popular, with groups competing to build higher structures.F. Before long I was called forward and given the great honor of the President’s Belt.G. I hoped to change my position because I knew that this activity required particular skills.EADBF东城区How to Bring Our Community TogetherCanada is a nation that prides itself on multi-culturalism and opportunity. __71___ Building social connections and a sense of belonging brings people together in ways that strengthen individual relationships as well as whole communities.There are several things that we can do to develop strong social connections and a sense of belonging: ___72__ One of the simplest ways to bring a community together is through shared experience. Events like an international food festival, a sports league featuring activities from around the world, and health and wellness programs drawing on different cultures, are excellent ways of bringing people together.Think outside our box. ___73_.Many of us get caught up in our own routines and practices and forget that there are other ways of doing things. Try talking to different community members, ranging from youths to seniors, to understand their opinions of the world.___74__Try new things. Positively influencing our community can go beyond volunteering our time and resources. Consider getting involved in our community by working for the 2017 Census(人口) as an enumerator(普查员) or a crew leader. Census enumerators are responsible for identifying dwellings on maps, conducting personal interviews, and following up with respondents in person and by phone, while crew leaders are responsible for leading, training and supervising a team of enumerators. ___75___A strong feeling of unity in a community can make residents feel comfortable and at home.A. Plan community events.B. Encourage community members to do some community service work.C. Social connections offer community members chances to know each other better.D. Our multi- cultural tradition provides a welcoming environment for individuals and families.E. Learning about different cultures and practices can open our mind to a whole new way of life.F. Invite individuals of different cultures to participate in community planning to ensure that every voice is heard.G. These positions provide an opportunity to meet new people and build relationships with members of ourcommunity.DAEFG西城区Stop Negative Talk“I’m so fat,” one of your friends says. The girl next to her joins in, “Well, I hate my hair today.” Without thinking, you respond: “No, you are not fat! I am fat. And my hair is flat and boring.” 71 It is easy for people to engage in self-critical conversations, and once it starts there is often pressure for you to join in. 72 Maybe it is because “just talking” feels harmless. But before you know it, those opinions flow out of your conversations and into your life, where they start eating away at your self-respect.73 When you start talking about yourself in a negative way, you are not only affecting your self-respect, but your friends’! When you criticize yourself, your friends might think you have the same standards for them. You have heard that it is important to treat others the way you want to be treated, but there is also value in treating yourself like you treat your friends. If you wouldn’t criticize your friend for the same thing, chances are that you are being too hard on yourself. So, don’t start it.But what if someone else starts? For example, your friend feels insecure about how well he played in his soccer game, so he puts himself down: “I suck at soccer.” 74 Ask him, “Do you really think that? Why?”Maybe he is actually upset about a comment someone made, or is just getting down on himself over one bad play. Whatever it is, talking through the real issue will help him more than slipping into another negative talk. It is important to talk to your friend about your insecurities, but make sure you are not talking about them just to put yourself down. 75 Instead of just focusing on the negative, talk about what makes you and your friends beautiful and unique—including what you love about your body and what you have accomplished. When you show yourself love, you set yourself as an example, and everyone benefits from you positively.A. Negative talk affects self-respect.B. Criticizing yourself helps nobody.C. But why do we hesitate to praise ourselves?D. But why is it acceptable to talk so negatively?E. All it takes is just one comment and the negative talk starts.F. It is better to resist negative conversations and create more balanced ones.G. Before everyone puts himself down, see if you can get to the root of the problem.EDBGF海淀区Freshers’ WeekIn British universities, new students have a special name: they are called Freshers. After their A-level exams, young people in the UK often make a fresh start by going to university, which can involve leaving their family and moving to a new city. __71__Freshers’ Week is a chance to make lots of new friends and try out different hobbies. Most universities in the UK have a Union building: a place where students go to have fun. __72__ It also hosts various societies, including sports teams, political groups, etc. Students buy a membership to be part of a society and go to social events to meet others with similar interests. Sometimes there are quite a lot of students in lectures so it is difficult to get to know people in class. Therefore, each subject has its own club, such as the English Societyand the Philosophy Society.__73__ Tours of the town, creative workshops and parties are great ways to socialize with others. Sometimes famous singers come and play concerts especially for the new students of the university. There are also opportunities to go on trips to theme parks or other big cities nearby.Students often move into “halls of residence” in their first year. __74__ This is an excellent way to make friends but sometimes it can be difficult if you don’t get along with your new flat-mates or if the shared area gets very messy.Freshers’ Week can be quite an exhausting experience because so many activities happen at once. A lot of students feel homesick when they first arrive on campus and keep themselves very busy to avoid feeling sad about leaving their family. Some students use their new liberty to drink a lot of alcohol and eat unhealthy food during Freshers’ Week. __75__ However, it is supposed to be the best week of your life, and it is also an opportunity to make friends. Remember that it is only the beginning of your time at university and that you have three years ahead of you.A. Usually it has shops, bars and even underground nightclubs.B. They live in apartments with their own bedrooms but share a kitchen.C. The best part of it is that you can share your interests with people around.D. In Freshers’ Week, lots of activities are organized for Freshers to meet each other.E. Then comes the great opportunity to make friends, join clubs and settle into university life.F. This can cause “Freshers’ flu”: people get ill after a week of late nights and non-stop parties.G. The first week of university life is called Freshers’ Week and is both an exciting and scary experience.GADBF丰台区A Canine Reading BuddyDogs and people have developed a special bond over time. Recently, however, some dogs have takena different role in people’s lives—therapy dogs.71 Some therapy dogs visit patients in hospitals or nursing homes, while others visit children in schools and libraries. They are there to help children become better readers.Reading programs that use therapy dogs have been in existence for more than ten years. All therapy dogs of this program are registered with an organization that tests the dogs to make sure they have the right personality for the job.72 Both the dogs and the handlers are volunteers with the reading program.At the start of a reading therapy session, a child and a dog are introduced. The pair is allowed to settle down in a quiet corner together. 73 An adult handler stays nearby but generally lets the dog perform its job without interfering(干涉). Sometimes, a handler may ask a question that encourages the child to work with the dog to help the child feel more comfortable.Not every child will be able to be part of a reading therapy program that uses dogs. A few children might be allergic to dogs or afraid of them; some children might have cultural traditions that prevent them from touching a dog. 74Reading therapy programs inspire learning and change. 75 They spend time with human friends. For dogs that love human companionship and a quiet place to rest, being part of a reading therapy program can be a great way to spend a few hours each day. The readers benefit too, gaining confidence and learning that reading aloud can be a relaxing experience.A. How do the therapy dogs benefit from it?B. But therapy animals also serve in many other areas.C. As the child reads, the dog usually lies quietly and listens.D. When reading to an animal, some children may become relaxed.E. In these circumstances, other animals are available, such as cats and parrots.F. A therapy dog is more of a companion and is trained to help people in different ways.G. A dog’s handler also takes a class and must pass a test to work in the therapy program.FGCEA石景山区How to Have a Successful Teenage LifeEveryone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they ? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard.71• Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school: listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.72• Do good in your community（社区）. V olunteering can not only improv e your community’s status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression（抑郁）than people who don’t. 73 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.74 Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. 75 You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.A. Live life to the fullest.B. School sets you up on the right track!C. Be nice to your parents and teachers.D. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.E. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.F. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.G. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.FBDCG。
北京高三英语一模七选五汇总
北京高三英语一模七选五汇总朝阳区The T ower and the GloryA large man jumps onto my shoulders. He is quickly followed by another slightly smaller man who catches my belt and moves up. Another follows. Then I begin to move slowly from on side to another dangerously.A castell is a human tower built traditionally in festivals in Spain. The activity of making human towers began almost 200 years ago near T arragona, just south of Barcelona. 71 It has become an annual event in some areas of the country. Usually it is considered a success once all castellers have climbed into their appointed places. On November 16, 2010, castells were declared to be one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.72 It is a formation of several people in which two or more people support a level of higher people, who in turn may support other higher levels of people. Each person is wound into a long narrow piece of cloth worn around the waist to help other people hold tightly when they climb. Typically, the number of the people in each level is one greater than the level immediately above it, resulting in a triangular structure. 73At first I’d like to go on top to enjoy the glory, but the clu b’s presiden t indicated a little girl who looked as though she had been raised on the top. It was she who had pride of place on top of the tower. For my first try-out I was given the role of second hands. Once I had assumed my position, people began to climb up me to the tower without warning. 74 My hard work must have been appreciated because I was quickly promoted tosupport the bottoms of the first level of the tower.My performance in the “hands” section was obviously satisfactory. 75 I was really proud of that, since it was a clear gesture that I had been fully accepted.A. Building a good human tower takes team work and skills.B. Within seconds I assisted in the formation of a three- level tower.C. Each team is famous for its tallest and most complex tower of people.D. Once a tower is built, try and see if the group can hold it for a count of 30.E. Since then it’s been popular, with groups competing to build higher structures.F. Before long I was called forward and given the great honor of the President’s Belt.G. I hoped to change my position because I knew that this activity required particular skills. EADBF东城区How to Bring Our Community T ogetherCanada is a nation that prides itself on multi-culturalism and opportunity. __71___ Building social connections and a sense of belonging brings people together in ways that strengthen individual relationships as well as whole communities.There are several things that we can do to develop strong social connections and a sense of belonging:___72__ One of the simplest ways to bring a community together is through shared experience. Events like an international food festival, a sports league featuring activities from around the world, and health and wellness programs drawing on different cultures, are excellent ways of bringingpeople together.Think outside our box. of us get caught up in our own routines and practices and forget that there are other ways of doing things. Try talking to different community members, ranging from youths to seniors, to understand their opinions of theTry new things. Positively influencing our community can go beyond volunteering our time and resources. Consider getting involved in our community by working for the 2017 Census(人口) as an enumerator(普查员) or a crew leader. Census enumerators are responsible for identifying dwellings on maps, conducting personal interviews, and following up with respondents in person and by phone, while crew leaders are responsible for leading, training and supervising a team of enumerators. ___75___A strong feeling of unity in a community can make residents feel comfortable and at home.A. Plan community events.B. Encourage community members to do some community service work.C. Social connections offer community members chances to know each other better.D. Our multi- cultural tradition provides a welcoming environment for individualsand families.E. Learning about different cultures and practices can open our mind to a whole new way of life.F. Invite individuals of different cultures to participate in community planning to ensurethat every voice is heard.G. These positions provide an opportunity to meet newpeople and build relationships withmembers of our community.DAEFG西城区Stop Negative Talk“I’m so fat,” one of your friends says. The girl next to her joins in, “Well, I hate my hair today.” Without thinking, you respond: “No, you are not fat! I am fat. And my hair is flat and boring.” 71It is easy for people to engage in self-critical conversations, and once it starts there is often pressure for you to join in. 72 Maybe it is because “just talking” feels harmless. But before you know it, those opinions flow out of your conversations and into your life, where they start eating away at your self-respect.73 When you start talking about yourself in a negative way, you are not only affecting your self-respect, but your friends’! When you criticize yourself, your friends might think you have the same standards for them. You have heard that it is important to treat others the way you want to be treated, but there is also value in treating yourself like youtreat your friends. If you wouldn’t criticize your friend for the same thing, chances are that you are being too hard on yourself. So, don’t start it.But what if someone else starts For example, your friend feels insecure about how well he played in his soccer game, so he puts himself down: “I suck at soccer.” 74 Ask him, “Do you really think that Why” Maybe he is actually upset about a comment someone made, or is just getting down on himself over one bad play. Whatever it is, talking through the real issue will help him more than slipping into another negative talk.It is important to talk to your friend about your insecurities, but make sure you are not talking about them just to put yourself down. 75 Instead of just focusing on the negative, talk about what makes you and your friends beautiful and unique—including what you love about your body and what you have accomplished. When you show yourself love, you set yourself as an example, and everyone benefits from you positively.A. Negative talk affects self-respect.B. Criticizing yourself helps nobody.C. But why do we hesitate to praise ourselvesD. But why is it acceptable to talk so negativelyE. All it takes is just one comment and the negative talk starts.F. It is better to resist negative conversations and create more balanced ones.G. Before everyone puts himself down, see if you can get to the root of the problem.EDBGF海淀区Freshers’ WeekIn British universities, new students have a special name: they are called Freshers. After their A-level exams, young people in the UK often make a fresh start by going to university, which can involve leaving their family and moving to a new city. __71__ Freshers’ Week is a chance to make lots of new friends and try out different hobbies. Most universities in the UK have a Union building: a place where students go to have fun. __72__ It also hosts various societies, including sports teams, political groups, etc. Students buy a membership to be part of a society and go to social events to meet others with similar interests. Sometimes there are quite a lot of students in lectures so it isdifficult to get to know people in class. Therefore, each subject has its own club, such as the English Society and the Philosophy Society.__73__ T ours of the town, creative workshops and parties are great ways to socialize with others. Sometimes famous singers come and play concerts especially for the new students of the university. There are also opportunities to go on trips to theme parks or other big cities nearby.Students often move into “halls of residence” in their first year. __74__ This is an excellent way to make friends but sometimes it can be difficult if you don’t get along with your new flat-mates or if the shared area gets very messy.Freshers’ Week can be quite an exhausting experience because so many activities happen at once. A lot of students feel homesick when they first arrive on campus and keep themselves very busy to avoid feeling sad about leaving their family. Some students use their new liberty to drink a lot of alcohol and eat unhealthy food during Freshers’ Week. __75__ However, it is supposed to be the best week of your life, and it is also an opportunity to make friends. Remember that it is only the beginning of your time at university and that you have three years ahead of you.A. Usually it has shops, bars and even underground nightclubs.B. They live in apartments with their own bedrooms but share a kitchen.C. The best part of it is that you can share your interests with people around.D. In Freshers’ Week, lots of activities are organized for Freshers to meet each other.E. Then comes the great opportunity to make friends, join clubs and settle into university life.F. This can cause “Freshers’ flu”: people get ill after a week of late nights and non-stop parties.G. The first week of university life is called Freshers’ Week and is both an excitingand scary experience.GADBF丰台区A Canine Reading BuddyDogs and people have developed a special bond over time. Recently, however, some dogs have taken a different role in people’s lives—therapy dogs.71 Some therapy dogs visit patients in hospitals or nursing homes, while others visit children in schools and libraries. They are there to help children become better readers.Reading programs that use therapy dogs have been in existence for more than ten years. All therapy dogs of this program are registered with an organization that tests the dogs to make sure they have the right personality for the job.72 Both the dogs and the handlers are volunteers with the reading program.At the start of a reading therapy session, a child and a dog are introduced. The pair is allowed to settle down in a quiet corner together. 73 An adult handler stays nearby but generally lets the dog perform its job without interfering(干涉). Sometimes, a handler may ask a question that encourages the child to work with the dog to help the child feel more comfortable.Not every child will be able to be part of a reading therapy program that uses dogs. A few children might be allergic to dogsor afraid of them; some children might have cultural traditions that prevent them from touching a dog. 74Reading therapy programs inspire learning and change. 75 They spend time with human friends. For dogs that love human companionship and a quiet place to rest, being part of a reading therapy program can be a great way to spend a few hours each day. The readers benefit too, gaining confidence and learning that reading aloud can be a relaxing experience.A. How do the therapy dogs benefit from itB. But therapy animals also serve in many other areas.C. As the child reads, the dog usually lies quietly and listens.D. When reading to an animal, some children may become relaxed.E. In these circumstances, other animals are available, such as cats and parrots.F. A therapy dog is more of a companion and is trained to help people in different ways.G. A dog’s handler also takes a class and must pass a test to work in the therapy program.FGCEA石景山区How to Have a Successful Teenage LifeEveryone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. 71Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school: listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.72Do good in your community（社区）. Volunteering can not only improve your community’s status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression（抑郁）than people who don’t. 73 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.74 Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. 75 You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.A. Live life to the fullest.B. School sets you up on the right track!C. Be nice to your parents and teachers.D. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.E. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.F. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.G. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.FBDCG。
北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-04七选五
北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-04七选五一、七选五参考答案：1．G 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。
散步被认为是最好的运动之一。
对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处。
然而，这个习惯不仅仅是一个健康的习惯，也是创造力的必要因素。
斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，与坐着相比，走路时人们更有创造力。
1．根据空白处上文“For many people,daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits(对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处)”以及下文“A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting(斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，与坐着相比，参与者在走路时更有创造力).”可知，此处上下文说的是走路不仅有益于身体健康，也是有利于创造力的培养，G项“However, this habit isn’t just a healthy habit but a necessary element of creativity(然而，这个习惯不仅是一个健康的习惯，也是创造力的必要因素)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
2．根据下文“Our creative mindset is triggered by physical movement(我们的创造性思维是由身体运动引发的)”可知，走路时的身体运动很重要，D项“The physical movement during walking is obviously key(走路时的身体运动显然是关键)”表达的含义一致，讲述身体运动是重要的。
故选D项。
3．根据上文“Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone,which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities(只要走出去，你就走出了你习惯的环境和舒适区，如果你想打开你的思维，接受新的可能性，这是必要的)”可知此处说的是要到外面去走走，E项“You can walk through a park and observe people relaxing or birds singing(你可以穿过公园，观察人们放松或鸟儿唱歌)”符合语境，承接上文，故选E项。
2020北京城区高三英语一模七选五汇总精校版
Fashion and IdentityFor hundreds of years people have put some message in the type of clothing they wore. Long ago people started wanting to stand out from the “crowd” and be different from other people by means of changing their clothing. Some examples of these “standing out” became very popular and were followed by more people. 46 Nowadays, fashion has become a necessary part of one’s self-realization and clothing is basically a covering designed to be worn on a person’s body. This covering is a “necessity”, which brings a lot of variety into the lives of people and makes their image more complete.The type of clothing completely depends on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personal identity. Lately, a lot is being heard about its meaning in the life of every single person on the planet. The choice of clothing is as important as identification through the color of hair, skin and gender. As every piece of clothing carries a strong message about its owner, every owner “nests” a certain value in it depending on his mindset or today’s mood. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a means of communication with the outside world. 47Clothes have a significant impact on the understanding of the people nearby as well as the person wearing them. For instance, a suit can make a person feel more confident and organized, which would eventually change even the gestures of the person. 48 Sometimes, fashion may play a vital role in a person’s life, especially when the person is applying for the job he wants. Fashion also creates a message that is required by a situation the person finds himself in. This can be simply proved by analyzing one’s reaction on people wearing different types of clothing. 49___ Thus, even the smallest companies make wearing a suit one of the requirements for their employees.50 Fashion, with all its symbolism and features, form an outstanding base for personal and cultural identification. It is a part of the self-realization that is required for finding a place in life and has become a tool for achieving harmony with the inner world. The more diverse the society around us, the more fashion-trend will appear and surprise us.A.Fashion helps us realize our dreams.B.This was the moment when fashion appeared.C.Fashion and identity are inseparable companions.D.Clothing was designed to serve people in their daily life.E.The preference is always given to people dressed in “business style”.F.It is the way of telling people about the “state” and the “status” of its owner.G.Wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very casual one1Where do you think the world’s happiest people live? Somewhere hot with sandy beaches? A country with a tradition of the fine food and culture? Not according to a recent study by the university of Leicester. Who are the happiest people on Earth? 46 Surprised? Well you’ll be more surprised when you hear that the Danes pay some of the highest taxes in the world. So what is the secret of their success?Let’s start with all that tax they pay. The Danish government provides its people with one of the finest education and health systems in the world. It spends more on children and elderly people per capital(人均) than other country. .47 Because a shop assistant’s final salary is not that much less than someone who works in a bank, for example, Danes don’t choose their careers based on money or status as people in other countries do. They choose the job they want to do. There’s a philosophy in Denmark known as “Jante-lov”, which translates as “you’re no better than anybody else.” 48 But workers in other countries are not used to looking at life in this way.Money doesn’t seem as important in Denmark. It has been called a “post consumerist” society.49 What is more important is the sense of society and it’s no surprise that Danes are very used to socializing. 92% of Danes belong to some kind of social club and these clubs are even paid for by the government.50 They also show an amazing amount of trust in each other and their government. You can see sighs of this all over the country. You’ll find vegetable stalls with no assistant. You take what you want and leave the money in a basket. perhaps the bike is a good symbol for Denmark. The Danes can afford cars but they choose bikes—simple, economical, non-polluting machines that show no status and help keep people fit.A. In a list ranking countries by the happiness of their citizens, it put tropical Fiji 50 places below freezing Iceland.B. The street sweeper can hold his head up high as he proudly does his job.C. Danish people aren’t as suspicious as many other nations.D. Most Danes are used to seeing between 50-70% of their salary going to the government!E. Those 5.5 million people who call Denmark their home.F. People have nice things in their houses, but they’re not mad about shopping and spending.G. And there’s another advantage to those high taxes.2020门头沟一模How to Automate New Habits So That You’ll Keep to ThemAnyone who’s tried to add something new to their routine knows one thing: Building new habits isn’t easy. 462The good news: There’s a solution, and it’s called automation. 47 For example: If you want to save more but it seems difficult to achieve, try transferring five dollars to your savings account each time you buy lunch during the week. If you want to do more sports but aren’t motivated to go to the gym every day, try doing 5 pushups after each time you use the restroom.That sounds easy. 48 “Automation works well in developing new behavior patterns because it involves the use of positive reinforcement(强化), which is one of the most powerful tools for behavior change,” Kahina Louis, a psychologist, tells Shine.“As you’re engaging in gradual steps toward your goals, you may quickly start to experience feelings of accomplishment and pride that you’re making the changes you wanted to make,” she says. “Those positive feelings are forms of reinforcement, and you are more likely to continue doing things that reinforce you.”Along with its positive reinforcement, automation emphasizes the impact of small changes in making a big difference. Though we all love the major successes, the small changes along the way are what get us there in the first step. 49 “As you show yourself each small change you’ve made, you’re giving yourself the message that you are capable of accomplishment,” Louis says. “That feeling and self-belief are extremely helpful to have as you continue toward creating new behavior change.”50 Take a look at what things you keep doing throughout the day or course of the week to decide when to add new automation. Louis says, “For example: If you know that you’re always extremely tired after work, then you might consider picking an auto habit that occurs in your morning routine rather than in the evening.”Louis also explains that although you should pick a behavior that occurs frequently enough to maximize the opportunities to build towards your goal, try not to choose an already existing behavior that occurs too often—like checking your phone or drinking of water. “You might not even realize you’re doing it, and may then miss a lot of chances to perform the new habit,” she says.A. Find your auto habits.B. It takes time and insistence.C. But it turns out to be efficient while trying.D. Consider auto habits that occur at times or places.E. It’s the small steps that fuel your motivation and self-belief.F. It is when you add what you’d like to be your new habit onto an existing habit.G. Building a new habit requires strong mind to help the process go along smoothly.2020密云一模Mystery of EvolutionFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing-the NCP's symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu. but it's3potentially more dangerous.Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola (埃博拉) . But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can't reproduce on their own. 46Viruses can infect every living thing-from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections cause no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can eater our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 47 For example, HIV, which causes AIDS. attacks the T-cells of the immune system.But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 48 "Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult. " Ed Rybicki, a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, "because viruses don't leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded."49 First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者) . Second. viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. 50 Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears.A. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect.B. Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists.C. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers.D. There's pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus.E. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses.F. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.G. Bat is a flying mammal with a long lifespan, whose temperature is high, similar to a fever.2020平谷一模The World Water Day has been celebrated annually on 22 March since1992. Each year has a different theme, looking at things like the role of clean water in the world of work, ways to stop wasting water, finding ways to supply water to underprivileged groups and so on.46 But it is also vital for sanitation(卫生). It is estimated that more than 700 children under the age of seven die every day from illnesses linked to unsafe water and poor sanitation. The right to water and sanitation was recognized as a human right. 47 These include rural communities, people who have been displaced due to war and local conflicts and areas where climate change is making water more and more scarcer.Apart from the obvious health issues, a lack of accessible clean water means that people —often women and children — spend hours every day walking to and from distant water supplies.This means they don’ t have time to dedicate to work, studies and other domestic duties.48 And people who are not able to walk to get their own water are particularly vulnerable.There are many charities working on creating sustainable supplies of clean water for different communities around the world. 49 But the fundamental problem of increasing demand for a limited resource can only be addressed by more efficient use of water, especially in industry and agriculture. Waste-water recycling, capturing rainwater, more efficient irrigation techniques and reforestation are all examples of how water can be used more efficiently.50 We should support charities, raise awareness, take part in the World Water Day events that are happening all around the world and, of course, be careful with how we use water in our own lives. Visit the UN World Water Day website to find out about an event near us. Follow world water day on social media and help spread the word about this incredibly important issue.4A. Clean drinking water is fundamental.B. As individuals, what can we do to help the issue?C. The search for water becomes their main occupation.D. This important work needs to continue and to expand.E. Every living cell in the body needs water to keep functioning.F. In normal conditions, the human body can only survive three or four days without water.G. However, there are still at least 2. 1 billion people around the world living without safe water.2020石景山一模How Smartphone Adds to Your WeightUsing a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline. Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating. 46 The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract (分心) dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating.“It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,” said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone.The volunteers, aged 18 to 28, were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food—ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate—until they were satisfied.47 On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile.Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. 48“Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study—carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands.He added: “Tablets and smartphones have become the main ‘distracters’ during meals, even early in childhood. 49A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food a ccepted.”50 A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal.A. They also eat more fatty food.B. They also ate more when reading a magazine.C. Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain.D. The study is published in Physiology And Behavior.E. It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes.F. Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day.G. They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine.2020高三适应性考试An interview is a discussion with someone in which you try to get information from them. 46 There are three basic sub-types of interview: structured interviews, unstructured interviews and semi-structured interviews. 47 Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.A great deal is provided by this personal contact: you are another human being, and interviewees will respond to you, in bodily presence, in an entirely different way from the way that they would have reacted to questionnaires that came through their letterboxes or to emails. 48 Most people want to help and give their opinions, and they will usually be energized to help by your physical presence.If you take the trouble to schedule a visit, you can be more or less guaranteed of a response.5Most importantly, though, you will be able to relate to interviewees while you are talking to them.49 Y ou will be able to watch their behaviour which will give you important clues about how they feel about a topic. Because of the primacy of the personal contact, your appearance and tone are important—how do you want to be seen? As “one of us”? As a person in authority? As an observer? …Or what?50 However you decide to present yourself, it is good practice of course to try to put the interviewee at ease before the interview begins—to talk about the weather, about your journey, about anything that will break the ice.A.This is a ready-made support for you.B.Its nature varies with the nature of the interviews.C.You will be able to hear and understand what they are saying.D.Your decision should influence the way that you look, sound and behave.E.The information may be facts or opinions or attitudes or any combination of these.F.Each involves the interviewer in fact-to-face contact or telephone contact with another person.G.You will be using these clues to make informed guesses about what the interviewees might reallymean.6西城一模: 46.B 47．F 48．G 49．E 50．C延庆一模：46. E 47. G 48.B 49. F 50. C门头沟一模：46．B 47．F 48．C 49．E 50．A密云一模：46-50 FABEC平谷一模：46. A；47. G；48. C；49. D；50. B；石景山一模：46．A；47．G；48．B；49．E；50．D；高三英语适应性考试：46．E 47．F 48．A 49．C 50．D7。
北京高三英语一模七选五汇总精编版
The Tower and the GloryA large man jumps onto my shoulders. He is quickly followed by anotherslightly smaller man who catches my belt and moves up. Another follows. Then Ibegin to move slowly from on side to another dangerously.A castell is a human tower built traditionally in festivals in Spain. The activityof making human towers began almost 200 years ago near Tarragona, just southof Barcelona. 71 It has become an annual event in some areas of thecountry. Usually it is considered a success once all castellers have climbed into their appointed places. On November 16, 2010, castells were declared to be one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.72 It is a formation of several people in which two or more people support a level of higher people, who in turn may support other higher levels of people. Each person is wound into a long narrow piece of cloth worn around the waist to help other people hold tightly when they climb. Typically, the number of the people in each level is one greater than the level immediately above it, resulting in a triangular structure. 73At first I’d like to go on top to enjoy the glory, but the clu b’s president indicated a little girl who looked as though she had been raised on the top. It was she who had pride of place on top of the tower. For my first try-out I was given the role of second hands. Once I had assumed my position, people began to climb up me to the tower without warning. 74 My hard work must have been appreciated because I was quickly promoted to support the bottoms of the first level of the tower.My performance in the “hands”section was obviously satisfactory. 75 I was really proud of that, since it was a clear gesture that I had been fully accepted.A. Building a good human tower takes team work and skills.B. Within seconds I assisted in the formation of a three- level tower.C. Each team is famous for its tallest and most complex tower of people.D. Once a tower is built, try and see if the group can hold it for a count of 30.E. Since then it’s been popular, with groups competing to build higher structures.F. Before long I was called forward and given the great honor of the President’s Belt.G. I hoped to change my position because I knew that this activity required particular skills.EADBFHow to Bring Our Community TogetherCanada is a nation that prides itself on multi-culturalism and opportunity. __71___ Building social connections and a sense of belonging brings people together in ways that strengthen individual relationships as well as whole communities.There are several things that we can do to develop strong social connections and a sense of belonging: ___72__ One of the simplest ways to bring a community together is through shared experience. Events like an international food festival, a sports league featuring activities from around the world, and health and wellness programs drawing on different cultures, are excellent ways of bringing people together.Think outside our box.___73_.Many of us get caught up in our own routines and practices and forget that there are other ways of doing things. Try talking to different community members, ranging from youths to seniors, to understand their opinions of the world.___74__Try new things. Positively influencing our community can go beyond volunteering our time and resources. Consider getting involved in our community by working for the 2017 Census(人口) as an enumerator(普查员) or a crew leader. Census enumerators are responsible for identifying dwellings on maps, conducting personal interviews, and following up with respondents in person and by phone, while crew leaders are responsible for leading, training and supervising a team of enumerators. ___75___A strong feeling of unity in a community can make residents feel comfortable and at home.A. Plan community events.B. Encourage community members to do some community service work.C. Social connections offer community members chances to know each other better.D. Our multi- cultural tradition provides a welcoming environment for individuals and families.E. Learning about different cultures and practices can open our mind to a whole new way of life.F. Invite individuals of different cultures to participate in community planning to ensure that every voice is heard.G. These positions provide an opportunity to meet new people and build relationships with members of ourcommunity.DAEFGStop Negative Talk“I’m so fat,” one of your friends says. The girl next to her joins in, “Well, I hate my hair today.” Without thinking, you respond: “No, you are not fat! I am fat. And my hair is flat and boring.” 71 It is easy for people to engage in self-critical conversations, and once it starts there is often pressure for you to join in. 72 Maybe it is because “just talking” feels harmless. But before you know it, those opinions flow out of your conversations and into your life, where they start eating away at your self-respect.73 When you start talking about yourself in a negative way, you are not only affecting your self-respect, but your friends’! When you criticize yourself, your friends might think you have the same standards for them. You have heard that it is important to treat others the way you want to be treated, but there is also value in treating yourself like you treat your friends. If you wouldn’t criticize your friend for the same thing, chances are that you are being too hard on yourself. So, don’t start it.But what if someone else starts? For example, your friend feels insecure about how well he played in his soccer game, so he puts himself down: “I suck at soccer.” 74 Ask him, “Do you really think that? Why?” Maybe he is actually upset about a comment someone made, or is just getting down on himself over one bad play. Whatever it is, talking through the real issue will help him more than slipping into another negative talk. It is important to talk to your friend about your insecurities, but make sure you are not talking about them just to put yourself down. 75 Instead of just focusing on the negative, talk about what makes you and your friends beautiful and unique—including what you love about your body and what you have accomplished. When you show yourself love, you set yourself as an example, and everyone benefits from you positively.A. Negative talk affects self-respect.B. Criticizing yourself helps nobody.C. But why do we hesitate to praise ourselves?D. But why is it acceptable to talk so negatively?E. All it takes is just one comment and the negative talk starts.F. It is better to resist negative conversations and create more balanced ones.G. Before everyone puts himself down, see if you can get to the root of the problem.Freshers’ WeekIn British universities, new students have a special name: they are called Freshers. After their A-level exams, young people in the UK often make a fresh start by going to university, which can involve leaving their family and moving to a new city. __71__Freshers’ Week is a chance to make lots of new friends and try out different hobbies. Most universities in the UK have a Union building: a place where students go to have fun. __72__ It also hosts various societies, including sports teams, political groups, etc. Students buy a membership to be part of a society and go to social events to meet others with similar interests. Sometimes there are quite a lot of students in lectures so it is difficult to get to know people in class. Therefore, each subject has its own club, such as the English Society and the Philosophy Society.__73__ Tours of the town, creative workshops and parties are great ways to socialize with others. Sometimes famous singers come and play concerts especially for the new students of the university. There are also opportunities to go on trips to theme parks or other big cities nearby.Students often move into “halls of residence” in their first year. __74__ This is an excellent way to make friends but sometimes it can be difficult if you don’t get along with your new flat-mates or if the shared area gets very messy.Freshers’ Week can be quite an exhausting experience because so many activities happen at once. A lot of students feel homesick when they first arrive on campus and keep themselves very busy to avoid feeling sad about leaving their family. Some students use their new liberty to drink a lot of alcohol and eat unhealthy food during Freshers’ Week. __75__ However, it is supposed to be the best week of your life, and it is also an opportunity to make friends. Remember that it is only the beginning of your time at university and that you have three years ahead of you.A. Usually it has shops, bars and even underground nightclubs.B. They live in apartments with their own bedrooms but share a kitchen.C. The best part of it is that you can share your interests with people around.D. In Freshers’ Week, lots of activities are organized for Freshers to meet each other.E. Then comes the great opportunity to make friends, join clubs and settle into university life.F. This can cause “Freshers’ flu”: people get ill after a week of late nights and non-stop parties.G. The first week of university life is called Freshers’ Week and is both an exciting and scary experience.GADBFDogs and people have developed a special bond over time. Recently, however, some dogs have takena different role in people’s lives—therapy dogs.71 Some therapy dogs visit patients in hospitals or nursing homes, while others visit children in schools and libraries. They are there to help children become better readers.Reading programs that use therapy dogs have been in existence for more than ten years. All therapy dogs of this program are registered with an organization that tests the dogs to make sure they have the right personality for the job.72 Both the dogs and the handlers are volunteers with the reading program.At the start of a reading therapy session, a child and a dog are introduced. The pair is allowed to settle down in a quiet corner together. 73 An adult handler stays nearby but generally lets the dog perform its job without interfering(干涉). Sometimes, a handler may ask a question that encourages the child to work with the dog to help the child feel more comfortable.Not every child will be able to be part of a reading therapy program that uses dogs. A few children might be allergic to dogs or afraid of them; some children might have cultural traditions that prevent them from touching a dog. 74Reading therapy programs inspire learning and change. 75 They spend time with human friends. For dogs that love human companionship and a quiet place to rest, being part of a reading therapy program can be a great way to spend a few hours each day. The readers benefit too, gaining confidence and learning that reading aloud can be a relaxing experience.A. How do the therapy dogs benefit from it?B. But therapy animals also serve in many other areas.C. As the child reads, the dog usually lies quietly and listens.D. When reading to an animal, some children may become relaxed.E. In these circumstances, other animals are available, such as cats and parrots.F. A therapy dog is more of a companion and is trained to help people in different ways.G. A dog’s handler also takes a class and must pass a test to work in the therapy program.FGCEA石景山区Everyone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they ? Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. 71• Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school: listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future.72• Do good in your community（社区）. V olunteering can not only improve your community’s status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely to develop depression（抑郁）than people who don’t. 73 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.74 Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. 75 You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.A. Live life to the fullest.B. School sets you up on the right track!C. Be nice to your parents and teachers.D. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.E. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.F. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.G. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.FBDCG。
北京市部分区2023届高三下学期一模英语试题汇编：七选五
北京市部分区2023届高三下学期一模英语试题分类汇编七选五2023届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模英语试题四、七选五Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).___35___. It can help you process what you’ve been through and assist you as you envision a path forward.Why does a writing intervention work?___36___In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety “frees up” cognitive resources. When you write down the emotions associated with a traumatic experience, you may be changing the way it is organized in the brain. You are then able to detach from the emotion, making it easier for you to talk about and process the event.However, for most people, the thought of acknowledging emotions and admitting that there’s something wrong with us is difficult. This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.___37___That is what sets journaling apart. This is between you and your journal — you don’t have to share it with anyone unless, of course, you choose to.If you’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.___38___Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it. Use all your senses. Now, write about that object and see how large its meaning can become.___39___How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well. It all depends on what works best for you. Remember, one size does not fit all. Writing may not work for everyone, but you won’t know if you don’t try.A．Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tool.B．Of course, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).C．Also, seeking help for emotional stress is often seen as a sign of weakness.D．It may seem abnormal that writing about negative experiences has a positive effect. E．Once you have a better handle on your problems, you can move forward and get on with life. F．It is writing from your heart and mind and about the emotion associated with a certain event.G．Let your mind go to the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings and truth of your experience.2023届北京市延庆区高三下学期一模英语试题四、七选五Why Boundaries at Work Are EssentialWhat is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. ____35____ If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的). ____36____Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work.Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one.____37____ One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during theweek/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clientsor patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout (倦怠) over time.Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics (道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this. ____38____ Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within.____39____ Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills — valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace.A．Why are boundaries important?B．However, they are equally, if not more, important.C．Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them.D．Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful.E．Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.F．Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict.G．Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.2023届北京市石景山区高三统一练习英语试卷四、七选五Offload ThoughtsIn our busy world, we rush from task to task, often leaving us feeling easily angered. We seek out technology or brain-enhancing products to help us optimize (最优化) our productivity, but end up running on a never-ending hamster(仓鼠) wheel. ____35____ It feels like our entire lives are engineered toward one question: How much can I get done in the least amount of time?Research shows that spending too much time optimizing our thoughts for perfect outcomes not only leaves us feeling exhausted, but can also have harmful effects on our wellbeing and work output. Optimizing thoughts requires being highly focused. But it just goes against the way our minds work. That is to say, efficiency isn’t always productive when we pursue it. ____36____ And to some extent, it can even cause impulsive (鲁莽的) decision-making.Our brain essentially has two main modes of operating: the “focus network” and the “default mode network.” When one network works, the other physically can’t turn on. The modern world often demands we live in the focus network and the default mode network is often less celebrated. ____37____ So in order to make more effective decisions and feel better in our daily lives, we have to spend less time in our brain’s “focus network.”Cognitive (认知的) offloading is an accessible practice. It has the potential to not only release emotions, but enhance mental capabilities, too. Even just a few moments of creative flow — like offloading the feelings of anxiety by doodling (涂鸦) before a meeting — can have a strong impact on emotions. ____38____ We might try cognitive offloading as a transition from our action-oriented workday into a more relaxed evening routine.____39____ And we can see what takes shape. Some unproductive pathways often can help us feel more creative, refreshed, and alive.A．The functionality is simpler than you might imagine.B．Give ourselves a few minutes to offload our emotions.C．Being focused all the time can eventually lead to less self-control.D．Fortunately, there is a way to stop this kind of always-on mentality.E．It’s no surprise that the majority of us feel more exhausted than ever.F．But spending more time on the latter offers a form of “insurance” for our emotions. G．What’s more, this exercise can help give the brain the space to make new connections.2023届北京市西城区高三一模英语试卷第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2023北京高三一模英语汇编：七选五
2023北京高三一模英语汇编七选五一、七选五（2023·北京东城·统考一模）Wit.climat.chang.continuin.t.worsen.ou.situatio.i.beginnin.t.fee.increasingl.serious.____1___.I.i.right.Mayb.not.Techno-e.t.solution.t.ensur.ou.future.I.ca.b.define.a..belie.tha.futur.techno logie.wil.solv.al.o.ou.curren.problems.Thi.definitio.reinforce.(强化.th.ide.tha.there’.n.reaso.t.pani.o.chang.ou.curren.energy-intensiv.lifestyle.Al.societ.need.t.d.i.loo.t.gree.technolog.t.wor.it.magic.____2___.On.o.th.bes.example.o.thi.optimisti.misconceptio.i.th.electri.car.Despit.bein.highl.regarde.a.a.eco-.chemica.element.whic.w.c oul.b.seein..shortag.o.b.th.midcentury.____3___.Techno-optimis.ha.le.man.t.believ.tha.i.everyon.jus.switche.t.drivin.electri.vehicles.w.woul.b.makin.incredibl.step.toward.su stainability.However.th.realit.i.tha.th.amoun.o.resource.an.energ.neede.t.produc.enoug.electri.vehicle.fo.everyon.i.n o.eve.remotel.sustainable.____4___.Investin.i.publi.transportatio.an.movin.awa.fro.individuall.owne.vehicles.Producin.fewe.cars.Impro vin.recyclin.practice.o.ol.batteries.Th.solution.w.see.shoul.no.b.roote.i.ne.technology.bu.b.abou.changin.th.wa.ou.so ciet.functions.Techno-optimis.put.to.muc.emphasi.o.technolog.an.no.enoug.o.wha.w.ca.d.righ.thi.minute.Unfortunately.peopl.see.t.lik.th.p ictur.tha.techno-optimis.paints.____5___.I.i.importan.t.understan.tha.th.proble.begin.whe.w.se.thos.technologie.a..wa.t.mak.ou.curr ple.life.w.canno.mak.tru.progres.toward.sustainability.A. So where should we look for answers instead?B. The modern world’s simple solution is technology.C. Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce.D. Is it a trap that many people have fallen into in recent years?E. Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.F. Despite any technology, we as a whole are not living sustainably.G. Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.（2023·北京西城·统考一模）Adult.ar.ofte.embarrasse.abou.askin.fo.aid.It’.a.ac.tha.ca.mak.peopl.fee.emotionall.unsafe.____6____Seekin.assist anc.ca.fee.lik.yo.ar.broadcastin.you.incompetence.Ne.researc.suggest.youn.childre.don’.see.hel.i.school.eve.whe.the.nee.it.fo.th.sam.reason.Unti.recently.psych ologist.assume.tha.childre.di.no.star.t.car.abou.thei.reputatio.an.thei.friends.thought.abou.the.unti.aroun.ag.nine.Bu.ou.researc.suggest.tha.a.earl.a.ag.seven.childre.begi.t.connec.askin.fo.hel.wit.lookin.incompeten.i.fron.o.others.A.som.point.ever.chil.struggle.i.th.classroom.____7____To learn more about how children think about reputation, we created simple stories and then asked children questions about these situations to allow kids to showcase their thinking.Acros.severa.studies.w.aske.57.children.age.fou.t.nine.t.predic.th.behavio.o.tw.kid.i..story.On.o.th.character.ge nuinel.wante.t.b.smart.an.th.othe.merel.wante.t.see.smar.t.others.I.on.study.w.tol.childre.tha.bot.kid.di.poorl.o..test._ ___8____Th.four-year-old.wer.equall.likel.t.choos.eithe.o.th.tw.kid.a.th.on.wh.woul.see.help.Bu.b.ag.seve.o.eight.childre.though.tha.th.ki. wh.wante.t.see.smar.woul.b.les.likel.t.as.fo.assistance.An.children’.expectation.wer.trul.“reputational.i.nature-the.wer.specificall.thinkin.abou.ho.th.character.woul.ac.i.fron.o.others.Whe.assistanc.coul.b.sough.privatel.(p ute.rathe.tha.i.person).childre.though.bot.character.wer.equall.likel.t.as.fo.it.____9____Teacher.coul.giv.childre.mor.opportunitie.t.see.assistanc.privately.The.shoul.als.hel.student.realiz.askin.q uestion.i.fron.o.other.a.normal.positiv.behavior.____10____Parent.coul.poin.ou.ho..child’.questio.kicke.of..valuab l.conversatio.i.whic.th.entir.famil.go.t.tal.an.lear.together.Adult.coul.prais.kid.fo.seekin.assistance.Thes.response.se n..stron.signa.tha.othe.peopl.valu..willingnes.t.as.fo.ai.an.tha.seekin.hel.i.par.o..pat.t.success.A. Kids could be afraid to ask their parents for help.B. Seeking help could even be taught as socially desirable.C. In another study we told them that only one kid did poorly.D. Such reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions.E. The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal that you are lost.F. But if they are afraid to ask for help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer.G. We then asked which of these characters would be more likely to raise their hand in front of their class to ask the teacher for help.（2023·北京海淀·统考一模）"J ust think positively!"“I.coul.b.worse."“You should look at the bright side!"We'v.al.hear.(ed.thes.phrase.withou.muc.thought.Bu.the.coul.b.contributin.t..cultur.o.toxi.(有毒的.positivity.Fo.thos.ne.t.thi.term. i.migh.soun.lik.a.oxymoro.(矛盾修辞法).Ho.ca.positivit.b.toxic.Isn'.i.suppose.t.b.helpful. o."positive”, a.th.nam.suggests..1..“Toxi.positivit.i.whe.somebod.avoid.al.negativ.thought.o.felings. pretendin.everythin.i.goin.wel.whe.i.i.not..explain.Meliss.Dowd. .therapis.a.PlushCare. .virtua.healt.platfor.fo.prima r.car.an.menta.healt.services.Whitne.Goodman. th.autho.o.Toxi.Positivit.describe.toxi.positivit.a.the “endles.pressur.t.b.happ.an.positive. n.matte.wha.th.circumstance.are...1..It'.als.somethin.w.ca.caus.othe.peopl.t.experience.plicate.proble.tha.w.kno.nothin.about. o.no.allowin.peopl.aroun.yo.t.appropriatel.expres.negativ.emotions.Toxi.positivit.cause.u.t.suppres.ou.emotions. whic.ca.mak.the.worse..1...Althoug.i.ca.b.helpfu.t.loo.o.th.brigh.sid.whe.facin.challenges..Dow.says.“te.i.differen.area.o.you.lif.o.a..for.o.anxiety...1.. “I..fee.lik.you'r.goin.t.dismis.me. I'.goin.t.sto.sharin.ho.I'.felling..Goodma.adds.. 1.. I.you'in.toxi.positivit.agains.yourself. Goodma.suggest.rememberin.it'.O.i.you.r.upse.abou.something.It'.vali.i.somethin.annoy.you.“Allo.ourselve.an.othe.peopl.t.shar.whe.they.r.goin.throug..difficul.time..sh.says.Dow.add.tha.it'.essentia.that “w.al.lear.t.cop.wit.an.proces.ou.emotion.i..health.wa.a.oppose.t.avoidin.ho.w.feel"a.life'.stressor.continu.t.rise.Fo. example. instea.o.simpl.sayin.“Jus.thin.positively..we'.bette.say“Sometime.ba.thing.happen.Ho.ca..help?"A.Ar.ther.way.t.avoi.toxi.positivity?B.Toxi.positivit.als.disrupt.connection.C.I.ca.har.peopl.wh.ar.goin.throug.difficul.times..u.i.differen.situation.whe.w.ar.dealin.wit.pressure.stin.healt.concern.i.th.future.F.Expert.sa.constan.force.positivit.ca.lea.t.th.opposite. an.hav..negativ.effect.G.Thi.i.wha.w.ma.brin.o.t.ourselve.b.no.allowin.negativ.thought.an.feeling.（2023·北京朝阳·统考一模）Onc.upo..time.w.wer.al.question-askin.experts.W.starte.askin.ou.parent.numerou.question.a.kids.B.preschool.ou.inquirie.eve.reache.th.depth.o.scienc e.philosophy.an.th.socia.order.Wher.doe.th.su.g.a.night.Wh.doesn’.tha.ma.hav..hom.lik.w.do.Wh.d.rock.sin.bu.ic.f loats.____16____Wh.doe.th.child’.urg.t.as.question.gro.inactiv.i.s.man.adults.A.importan.facto.i.ho.th.socia.environment.surro undin.u.chang.a.w.age.School.transfor.fro..plac.fo.askin.question.t.on.funde.b.ou.abilit.t.answe.them.____17___.An .w.recogniz.tha.societ.reward.th.peopl.wh.propos.t.hav.th.answers.____18___.W.ca.b.brave.abou.askin.question.i.publi.an.encouragin.other.t.pursu.thei.curiosity.too.I.tha.encour agement.w.hel.creat.a.environmen.wher.thos.aroun.u.fee.saf.t.as.questions.e.t.ho.w.phras.questions.w.ar.advise.t.ope.wit.les.sensitiv.questions.favo.follow-u.questions.an.kee.question.open-ended.W.ca.als.practic.askin.question.o.an.fo.ourselve.b.keepin..runnin.lis.o.question.i..journal.____19___.Finally. w.coul.se.asid.tim.t.as.absur.question.lik.“Ho.woul.yo.accomplis..week’.wor.i.tw.hours?for.zone.I.th.worl.tha.doe.no.loo.muc.a.i.di.year.ago.w.mus.as.questions.____20___.Grea.question.ca.ope.u.ou.capacit.t.chan g.becaus.the.allo.u.t.dra.peopl.in.openin.the.u.t.sharin.knowledge.ideas.an.opinions.An.the.ar.als.ou.primar.mean.o.l earnin.abou.th.world.I.short.askin.question.i.th.bes.wa.t.deepe.ou.understandin.o.th.thing.tha.matte.t.ou.life.A.an.ch il.coul.probabl.tel.u.i.w.asked.A. Then, at some point, our inquiring desires disappear.B. It is a high-payoff behavior especially in times of change.C. The questions we ask depend on our attitudes as well as the situations.D. But as we grow up, asking questions fills us with worry and self-doubt.E. As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere.F. We learn to sell ourselves on the job market by what we know, not what we don’t.G. It not only removes the publicity from question asking, but offers us a place to experiment.（2023·北京丰台·统考一模）Expressiv.writin.o.journalin.i.on.wa.t.hel.yo.hea.fro.traum.(创伤).___21___.I.ca.hel.yo.proces.wha.you’v.bee.throug.an.assis.yo.a.yo.envisio..pat.forward.Wh.doe..writin.interventio.work?___22___I.fact.narratin.th.stor.o.a.ongoin.anxiet.“free.up.cognitiv.resources.Whe.yo.writ.dow.th.emotion.associate.wit..traumati.experience.yo.ma.b.changin.th.wa.anize.i.th.brain.Yo.ar.the.abl.t.detac.fro.th.emotion.makin.i.easie.fo.yo.t.tal.abou.an.proces.th.event.However.fo.mos.people.th.though.o.acknowledgin.emotion.an.admittin.tha.there’.somethin.wron.wit.u.i.diffi cult.Thi.i.becaus.expressin.emotion.ca.brin.u.feeling.o.guil.an.shame.___23___Tha.i.wha.set.journalin.apart.Thi.i.b etwee.yo.an.you.journa..yo.don’.hav.t.shar.i.wit.anyon.unless.o.course.yo.choos.to.I.you’r.intereste.i.tryin.ou.writin.a..too.fo.healing.star.you.writin.b.settin..time.fo.te.minutes.___24___Thin.o.on.objec.i.y .al.you.senses.Now.writ.abou.tha.objec.an.se rg.it.meanin.ca.become.___25___Ho.yo.hea.fro.traum.ca.b.differen.fro.perso.t.perso.a.well.I.al.depend.o.wha.work.bes.fo.you.Remember.o n.siz.doe.no.fi.all.Writin.ma.no.wor.fo.everyone.bu.yo.won’.kno.i.yo.don’.try.A. Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tool.B. Of course, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).C. Also, seeking help for emotional stress is often seen as a sign of weakness.D. It may seem abnormal that writing about negative experiences has a positive effect.E. Once you have a better handle on your problems, you can move forward and get on with life.F. It is writing from your heart and mind and about the emotion associated with a certain event.G. Let your mind go to the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings and truth of your experience.（2023·北京石景山·统考一模）Offload ThoughtsI.ou.bus.world.w.rus.fro.tas.t.task.ofte.leavin.u.feelin.easil.angered.W.see.ou.technolog.o.brain-enhancin.product.t.hel.u.optimiz.(最优化.ou.productivity.bu.en.u.runnin.o..never-endin.hamster(仓鼠.wheel.____26___.I.feel.lik.ou.entir.live.ar.engineere.towar.on.question.Ho.muc.ca..ge.don.i.th.leas.amoun.o.timeResearc.show.tha.spendin.to.muc.tim.optimizin.ou.thought.fo.perfec.outcome.no.onl.leave.u.feelin.exhausted. bu.ca.als.hav.harmfu.effect.o.ou.wellbein.an.wor.output.Optimizin.thought.require.bein.highl.focused.Bu.i.jus.goe.a gains.th.wa.ou.mind.work.Tha.i.t.say.efficienc.isn’.alway.productiv.whe.w.pursu.it.____27___.An.t.som.extent.i.c a.eve.caus.impulsiv.(鲁莽的.decision-making.Ou.brai.essentiall.ha.tw.mai.mode.o.operating.th.“work.an.th.“wor.works.th.othe.physicall.can’.tur.on.Th.moder.worl.ofte.demand.w.liv.i.th.f wor.i.ofte.les.celebrated.____28___.S.i.orde.t.mak.mor.effectiv.decision.an.fee.bett e.i.ou.dail.lives.w.hav.t.spen.les.tim.i.ou.brain’.“work..Cognitiv.(认知的.offloadin.i.a.accessibl.practice.I.ha.th.potentia.t.no.onl.releas.emotions.bu.enhanc.menta.capabilities.too.Eve.jus. .fe.moment.o.creativ.flo..lik.offloadin.th.feeling.o.anxiet.b.doodlin.(涂鸦.befor..meetin..ca.hav..stron.impac.o.emotions.____29___.W.migh.tr.cognitiv.offloadin.a..transitio.fro.ou.action-oriente.workda.int..mor.relaxe.evenin.routine.____30___.An.w.ca.se.wha.take.shape.Som.unproductiv.pathway.ofte.ca.hel.u.fee.mor.creative.refreshed.an.alive.A. The functionality is simpler than you might imagine.B. Give ourselves a few minutes to offload our emotions.C. Being focused all the time can eventually lead to less self-control.D. Fortunately, there is a way to stop this kind of always-on mentality.E. It’s no surprise that the majority of us feel more exhausted than ever.F. But spending more time on the latter offers a form of “insurance”for our emotions.G. What’s more, this exercise can help give the brain the space to make new connections.（2023·北京房山·统考一模）Has anyone ever told you, “Stand up straight!” or scolded you for sitting lazily at a family dinner? Comments like that might be annoying, but they’re not wrong.____31___.I.i.th.foundatio.fo.ever.movemen.you.bod.makes.an.ca.determin.ho.wel.you.bod.adapt.t.th.stresse.o .it.Thes.stresse.ca.b.thing.lik.carryin.weight.o.sittin.i.a.awkwar.position.____32____I.you.postur.isn’.goo.enough.you.muscle.hav.t.wor.harde.t.kee.yo.uprigh.an.balanced.Som.muscle.wil.becom .tigh.an.inflexible.____33___ans.lik.you.lungs.les.efficient.S.wha.doe.goo.postur.loo.like.I.you’r.sitting.you.nec.shoul.b.vertical.no.tilte.forward.You.shoulder.shoul.b.relaxe.wit.you.arm.clos.t.you.trunk.You.knee .shoul.b.a..righ.angl.wit.you.fee.fla.o.th.floor.Bu.wha.i.you.postur.can’.b.tha.great.____34___.Fo.example.adjus.y ou.scree.s.it’.a.o.slightl.belo.ey.level.Mak.sur.al.part.o.you.body.lik.you.elbow.an.wrists.ar.supported.It’.als.no.enoug.t.jus.hav.goo.posture.Keepin.you.muscle.an.joint.movin.i.extremel.important.I.fact.bein.stil.fo.lon .period.wit.goo.postur.ca.b.wors.tha.regula.movemen.wit.ba.posture.____35___in.you.muscl e.wil.kee.the.stron.enoug.t.suppor.yo.effectively.o.to.o.al.th.othe.benefit.t.you.joints.bones.brai.an.heart.A. Try redesigning your environment.B. You adjust your body unless you feel tired.C. So if you sit a lot, get up and move around on occasion.D. And the big one that we all experience every day is gravity.E. Besides, poor posture leads to extra wear and tear on your joints.F. Posture can even influence your emotional state and your sensitivity to pain.G. Your posture refers to the way you hold your body when you’re sitting or standing.（2023·北京延庆·统考一模）Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential Wha.i..boundary.yo.ask..boundar.i..limi.definin.yo.i.relatio.t.someon.o.something.____36___rme. someon.tha.thi.i.you.offic.space.you.desk.o.you.chair.yo.hav.attempte.t.se.physica.boundaries.Lettin.co-fortabl.shakin.thei.hand.o.huggin.the.a..holida.party.especiall.wit.Covi.a.thi.time.i.anothe.e xampl.o.settin..physica.boundary.I.i.ofte.easie.t.understan..physica.boundary.Emotiona.o.menta.boundarie.ma.b.sub tle.(更微妙的).____37____Emotiona.boundarie.ar.relate.t.ou.feeling.an.ho.somethin.o.someone’.Fo.example.i..bos.tre at.yo.disrespectfull.b.yellin.a.yo.o..colleagu.frequentl.interrupt.yo.i.meetings.yo.ar.likel.t.fee.hurt.embarrassed.an.perhap.angry.Understandably.b.havin..courageou.conversatio.wit.bot.you.bos.an.co-worke.abou.thei.behavior.th.impac.i.ha.o.you.an.you.expectation.regardin.futur.behavior.yo.ar.settin.health.emotion a.boundarie.fo.yoursel.a.work.binatio.o.bot..physica.an.emotiona.one.____38___.On.exampl.o.thi.i.bein.r t.durin.th.week/weekend.o.whil.o.vacation.Anothe.exampl.i.bein.require.t.se.to.man.client.o.p atient.t.th.poin.w.fee.tire.a.th.en.o.th.da.an.exhauste.b.Friday.Often.th.abov.workplac.demand.lea.t.increase.stres.an. .hig.potentia.fo.burnou.(倦怠.ove.time.Menta.boundarie.ar.relate.t.ou.beliefs.values.cultura.norms.ethic.(道德).an.standards.Fo.example.yo.valu..workplac.cultur.tha.treat.employee.an.client.wit.respec.an.dignit.an.act.ethical pan.leader.ar.repeatedl.behavin.i.way.no.consisten.wit.this.____39___.Ove.time. thi.ma.lea.t.significan.stres.an.physica.symptom.within.____40___.clarif.ou.responsibility.preserv.ou.physica.an.emotiona. energy.an.liv.ou.value.an.standards.Learnin.th.skil.o.boundar.settin.help.empowe.u.t.prioritiz.ou.value.an.well-bein.an.bette.manag.ou.stress.Identifying.setting.an.maintainin.boundarie.ar.skill..valuabl.skill.that.unfortunately.w. ar.ofte.no.taugh.i.schoo.o.th.workplace.A. Why are boundaries important?B. However, they are equally, if not more, important.C. Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them.D. Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful.E. Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.F. Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict.G. Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.参考答案1. B2. E3. C4. A5. G【导语】这是一篇说明文。
2022届北京市部分区高三英语一模试题汇编：七选五
F. One of the 24 solar terms, which is very important in spring, is called Rain Water.
G. The fast increase in air humidity due to rainfall can result in lower temperature and wet weather.
This way of thinking might help explain why calorie restriction usually fails long before a person with obesity approaches an ideal body weight. A low-calorie, low-fat diet further restricts an already limited supply of energy to the body, worsening hunger without addressing the underlying tendency to store too many calories in body fat.____39____
2023年北京重点校高三(上)期末英语汇编：七选五
2023年北京重点校高三（上）期末英语汇编七选五一、七选五（2023秋·北京顺义·高三统考期末）Late-night eating has long been connected to a higher risk for obesity or overweight, which can pose all kinds of risks to your heart.1 A recent study found that when meals are delayed by four hours — say eatingat 10:30 PM rather than 6:30 PM and keeping all other lifestyle factors the same, people burn fewer calories, have stronger appetite, and experience changes in fat tissue that promote weight gain, according to the study’s author.The study was rather small, featuring only 16 overweight or obese people. 2 In the weeks before, they maintained a regular sleep schedule and stuck to identical diets and meal times at home. Each participant reported on their hunger and appetite, and provided data needed. Besides feeling hungrier, burning fewer calories, and showing changes in fat tissue, late eating also impacted the hunger-regulating hermones (荷尔蒙) ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin is the hormone that tells you when to eat, while leptin tells you when you’ve had enough. 3 The solution may be relatively simple. Keeping your eating schedule in line with your body’s natural clock makes sense. 4 It can minimize weight gain and reduce the risk for high blood pressure and other heart disease risk factors. Besides, try eating a big breakfast, slightly smaller lunch, and small dinner with healthy snacks throughout the day. 5 So pay attention to portion (食物的一份) sizes and what you’re eating.A．Of course, not everyone’s natural body clock is the same.B．Researchers may have learned why meal timing could impact fat gain.C．A survey has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight.D．They each stuck to a strict early or late meal schedule for one day in a lab.E．Remember, what you eat and how much is likely more important than when.F．Eating more early in the day and less as it progresses may be the best strategy.G．The study found that leptin dropped by 16 percent when people delayed their meals.（2023秋·北京通州·高三统考期末）Stock market club, German club, magic club... These are some of the many fun clubs at our school. What makes these clubs so special? 6 From bringing up ideas to putting them into action, the students do everything.7 As soon as word got out, students took the chance. My friend and I were interested in a writing team which was set up by our classmates. We took part in the tryouts forthe writing team. It was very competitive. We tried to write an article to apply for it. 8 Then we realized that we didn’t get used to writing in that kind of style. Soon we got the ideato set up a non-competitive writing club. Anyone who loves to write can join. So, we created Write Space. First, we planned the goal of the club. We hoped that members could share their writing in regular meetings. Members would give each other advice and make progress together. We also thought about how to invite new members and raise funds. 9 When the school agreed, we got a new club!Starting a club is not easy, but leading it is harder. A fully student- run club is a good chance to test your leadership skills. 10A．They are not led by teachers.B．We worked hard to lead the club.C．Unfortunately, we did not pass it.D．Then we sent the proposal to the school.E．There are science clubs, art clubs and sports clubs.F．This opportunity today is truly creating leaders for tomorrow.G．Our school recently announced that we could start our own clubs.（2023秋·北京房山·高三统考期末）Happiness is considered very important in life. Itis so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work. 11Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us. 12 It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.13 When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself. Now try to apply that advice to yourself.Keeping moving is also a good way. When people get up and move, they tend to be happier than when they are still. We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness. 14 Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others. 15Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.Happiness often comes from within. When you are happy, anything is possible. Happy people don’t have the best of everything; they make the best of what they have.A．The first secret is to enjoy simple things in life.B．Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.C．Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.D．You can forget about your problems, and turn to your friends for help.E．Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.F．Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.G．People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.（2023秋·北京海淀·高三统考期末）The Science of Recreational Fear From peek-a-boo to Halloween haunted houses, research shows that recreational fear can teach us to face scary situations. The “paradox of horror” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. 16Having fun with fear is an “extremely important tool for learning,” said Mathias Clasen, director of the Recreational Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark. “We learn something about the dangers of the world. We learn something about our own responses: What does it feel like to be afraid? How much fear can I take?”Horror movies have gotten more popular. And in one survey of more than 1,000 Americans, conducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as horror fans. 17 Many people who would not consider themselves fans of fear enjoy true-crime podcasts and novels featuring violence and murder. Others may enjoy nature documentaries about top predators (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.Even babies like being a little spooked (惊的). Peek-a-boo is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. 18 “I don’t think I’ve yet come across a person who did not enjoy some kind of recreational fear,” he said.19 It is a combination of an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an opportunity to learn about dealing with scary situations in a safe environment, researchers say. When we are afraid, our endocrine system releases adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol to help prepare our body for physical action. We know the “Halloween” movie Michael Myers is not real, but our brain still responds as if he were a burning threat. One brain imaging study found that watchinghorror movies activates threat-response brain regions such as the amygdala (扁桃腺), prefrontal cortex and insula as if the danger were real.After this rush, many people experience an uplifted mood. One study examined how 262 adults felt before and after they entered an extreme haunted house. 20 Brain recordings before and after showed that those whose mood improved had a smaller neural response to subsequent stressors, which is associated with the post-haunt high.A．So why do we like it?B．Fifty percent of people said they felt better after the visit.C．And recreational fear, as it is rightly named, could benefit us, too.D．Playing with fear helps us learn what our body does under pressure.E．Horror, though, is not the only genre of what people find scary fun, he said.F．We define recreational fear broadly as a mixed emotional experience of fear and enjoyment.G．Classic childhood games of tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes of predator vs. prey.（2023秋·北京西城·高三统考期末）The Positive Effects of a Positive AffectParents often have high hopes for how their children will turn out in adulthood, such as wanting them to be healthy, to feel satisfied with their career, and to have strong friendships.21Recent research suggests that a teen’s affect—especially positive affect—is one critical factor. What exactly is affect? Affect is the tendency to express positive or negative emotions, which in turn influences how we experience things and determine whether to judge a given situation as positive or negative. 22 Moreover, research suggests that a person’s affect is relatively stable over time, especially by the time one reaches adulthood.Affect is typically described in terms of being either positive or negative, and it seems that positive affect, in particular, is related to a number of beneficial outcomes in adulthood.In support of this crucial role that positive affect has in development, a study by researchers at the University of Virginia followed teenagers and young adults from ages 14 to 25, allowing them to understand the predictive power of positive affect across the critical developmental period from adolescence to young adulthood. 23 For example, teens with a higher positive affect reported had a stronger, healthier attachment to their friends.24 Positive affect also predicted increased self-worth and job competence,suggesting that, overall, positive affect seems to be a key predictor of young adult success across several important areas of functioning.But what about the effects of negative affect? The researchers also examined whether negative affect would predict problems in young adulthood. 25 Thus, the important takeaway is that adolescent positive affect may have powerful links to important life outcomes in the domains of personal well-being, career, and social relationships up to a decade later.A．Affective responses to events typically happen automatically.B．So how can parents help their children grasp the meaning of positive affect?C．But what factors help produce these outcomes as teens move from adolescence to adulthood?D．Interestingly, the results suggested that positive affect may go beyond helping teens build positive relationships.E．The results uncovered that negative affect might account for many life problems when a teenager became a young adult.F．Unlike positive affect, having greater negative affect did not have any significant associations with any of the later life outcomes.G．This study found that positive affect was strongly predictive of life outcomes in young adulthood, such as developing better friendships.（2023秋·北京昌平·高三期末）A Nervous JourneyLet’s take a journey. It is going to be a fast one, so be prepared. Where are we going? We are going to start at your head and end up at your toes. 26 It may be the shortest and fastest trip of your life. Are you ready? Let’s begin. Wiggle your big toe. Okay, we’re done. You might be saying, “That’s it?” We said it was going to be a fast ride!You just sent a message with an electrical signal from your brain to the muscles in your toe. Bingo! It moves. 27 The electrical signals in your body can move as fast as 150 meters per second. In the amount of time it takes you to say “Mississippi” three times, a nerve could send an electrical signal the length of a football field and back. Now that you know how fast a nerve impulse (神经冲动) can travel, let’s take a look at the system that is the highway for these electrical signals.The human body is made of trillions of tiny cells. Each cell is so small that you need a microscope to see them. Your skin, your hair, your eye — all are made up of cells. 28 Muscle cells move your body. Skin cells protect your body. One special type of cell, neurons(神经元), allow your brain to send messages to every part of your body.The center of the nervous system is the brain. The brain takes in what your eyes see and what your ears hear. 29 You can think of your nervous system as a relay team passing a baton from one runner to the next. But instead of runners, you have cells, and instead of a baton, you have information. 30 It hands its information to the next cell, which passes the information to another cell. In the end, the information reaches its destination and causes a change — maybe a muscle contracts. The “information” baton passed from neuron to neuronis usually a small electrical event called an action potential.A．Just how fast was the signal moving?B．A neuron in your brain starts the relay.C．Different types of cells do different jobs.D．You might have heard them called brain cells.E．Did you ever wish you could go inside someone’s brain?F．It may not seem like a long trip, but it is going to be fast.G．If you decide that you want to move around, your brain tells your muscles to do it.（2023秋·北京丰台·高三统考期末）It won’t sound like a big surprise when I tell you that kindness plays an important role in a person’s wellbeing. It can lead to changes like higher self-esteem(自尊心) and lower blood pressure. Even just witnessing acts of kindness can make us happier.31 “From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers perceived it to be,” states a study.32 Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do feel? Why do we underestimate the impact we have on others?Many of us don’t have a real sense of our value. It’s been estimated that as many as 85 percent of people struggle with low self-esteem. 33 This “voice” tends to shift our focus inward assessing our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn’t motivate positive behavior. 34 It encourages us to hold back feeding us thoughts like, “Don’t stick your neck out”: “No one wants to hear from you”; and “You’re going to make a fool of yourself.”One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others. 35 We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. The degree to which we’re able to do that will help determine our own happiness along with the happiness we light up in others.A．However, the work doesn’t stop there.B．People may lower the value of their own kind comments.C．We all carry around a “critical inner voice” that tends to put us down.D．Instead of seeing what we have to offer, we may think of ourselves as a burden.E．This misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.F．Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.G．Yet, people may not truly know the impact that even the smallest of kind acts can have on another person.（2023秋·北京朝阳·高三统考期末）An apology can achieve great things for both the givers and the receivers although nobody likes to admit that they were wrong.An apology is crucial to our physical health. When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted. 36 Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally. 37 When presented with an apology, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier to give forgiveness. In a powerful piece in Psychology Today, writer Beverly Engel described how a simple “I’m sorry” from her mother, after being estranged from each other for three years, made her relieved emotionally. But let’s be real, apologizing can be difficult.38 We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. 39 Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people. 40 As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, theothers, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.A．There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.B．It’s a way of showing the price we paid for the wronged action.C．A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.D．But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.E．This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.F．Apologize for what you did rather than what other people might have thought about it.G．It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.（2023秋·北京东城·高三统考期末）Is fashion important to you? 41 From those who wear trendy ripped jeans and loose-fitting T-shirts to those who wear smart tailored suits and expensive designer outfits, each individual can have their own style.42 And what impact can this have on their self-expression?Arguably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others. People who dress well and keep up with the latest styles seem to be more noticed than those who are not concerned about their appearance. 43 In this way they assume an identity which makes them feel they impress. Yet, by copying general looks, people actually can’t show their individuality.At the same time, fashion is perceived by some as a tool for success and one that represents wealth or respectable social position. For instance, people intentionally try to raise their status by wearing famous brands or expensive clothes which are admired by others. 44 They are just the means to promote a specific image of power and control. In this case, fashion does not express personal individuality but could perhaps be said to give a false impression of appearance for a specific purpose.That being said, following fashion may not have anything to do with copying current trends but with using them as an inspiration to create outfits expressing individuality. 45 Adding glam here and there, rolling up a pair of trousers or even wearing two different shoes can be considered a form of self-expression demonstrating originality.Having considered all this, to my way of thinking, fashion can be used as a means of communication and a way to communicate your self-image to people around you. As a famous designer once said, “Fashion is instant language.”A．Is it a trend we must follow?B．But why are people following fashion?C．For most people it is, at least to some extent.D．For this reason, people wear fashionable clothing.E．These clothes are not actually giving a personal statement of the wearer.F．There are always fashion followers, even though fashion is constantly changing.G．An example of this is reforming fashionable pieces and making small personalized changes.参考答案：1．B 2．D 3．G 4．F 5．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了吃饭的时间会影响食欲和体重，并提出相关建议。
2023年北京重点校高三(上)期末英语汇编：七选五
2023年北京重点校高三（上）期末英语汇编七选五一、七选五（2023秋·北京顺义·高三统考期末）Late-night eating has long been connected to a higher risk for obesity or overweight, which can pose all kinds of risks to your heart.1 A recent study found that when meals are delayed by four hours — say eating at 10:30 PM rather than 6:30 PM and keeping all other lifestyle factors the same, people burn fewer calories, have stronger appetite, and experience changes in fat tissue that promote weight gain, according to the study’s author.The study was rather small, featuring only 16 overweight or obese people. 2 In the weeks before, they maintained a regular sleep schedule and stuck to identical diets and meal times at home. Each participant reported on their hunger and appetite, and provided data needed. Besides feeling hungrier, burning fewer calories, and showing changes in fat tissue, late eating also impacted the hunger-regulating hermones (荷尔蒙) ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin is the hormone that tells you when to eat, while leptin tells you when you’ve had enough. 3 The solution may be relatively simple. Keeping your eating schedule in line with your body’s natural clock makes sense. 4 It can minimize weight gain and reduce the risk for high blood pressure and other heart disease risk factors. Besides, try eating a big breakfast, slightly smaller lunch, and small dinner with healthy snacks throughout the day. 5 So pay attention to portion (食物的一份) sizes and what you’re eating.A．Of course, not everyone’s natural body clock is the same.B．Researchers may have learned why meal timing could impact fat gain.C．A survey has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight.D．They each stuck to a strict early or late meal schedule for one day in a lab.E．Remember, what you eat and how much is likely more important than when.F．Eating more early in the day and less as it progresses may be the best strategy.G．The study found that leptin dropped by 16 percent when people delayed their meals.（2023秋·北京通州·高三统考期末）Stock market club, German club, magic club... These are some of the many fun clubs at our school. What makes these clubs so special? 6 From bringing up ideas to putting them into action, the students do everything.7 As soon as word got out, students took the chance. My friend and I were interested in a writing team which was set up by our classmates. We took part in the tryouts forthe writing team. It was very competitive. We tried to write an article to apply for it. 8 Then we realized that we didn’t get used to writing in that kind of style. Soon we got the idea to set up a non-competitive writing club. Anyone who loves to write can join. So, we created Write Space. First, we planned the goal of the club. We hoped that members could share their writing in regular meetings. Members would give each other advice and make progress together. We also thought about how to invite new members and raise funds. 9 When the school agreed, we got a new club!Starting a club is not easy, but leading it is harder. A fully student- run club is a good chance to test your leadership skills. 10A．They are not led by teachers.B．We worked hard to lead the club.C．Unfortunately, we did not pass it.D．Then we sent the proposal to the school.E．There are science clubs, art clubs and sports clubs.F．This opportunity today is truly creating leaders for tomorrow.G．Our school recently announced that we could start our own clubs.（2023秋·北京房山·高三统考期末）Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work. 11Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us. 12 It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.13 When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself. Now try to apply that advice to yourself.Keeping moving is also a good way. When people get up and move, they tend to be happier than when they are still. We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness. 14 Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others. 15Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.Happiness often comes from within. When you are happy, anything is possible. Happy people don’t have the best of everything; they make the best of what they have.A．The first secret is to enjoy simple things in life.B．Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.C．Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.D．You can forget about your problems, and turn to your friends for help.E．Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.F．Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.G．People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.（2023秋·北京海淀·高三统考期末）The Science of Recreational Fear From peek-a-boo to Halloween haunted houses, research shows that recreational fear can teach us to face scary situations. The “paradox of horror” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. 16Having fun with fear is an “extremely important tool for learning,” said Mathias Clasen, director of the Recreational Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark. “We learn something about the dangers of the world. We learn something about our own responses: What does it feel like to be afraid? How much fear can I take?”Horror movies have gotten more popular. And in one survey of more than 1,000 Americans, conducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as horror fans. 17 Many people who would not consider themselves fans of fear enjoy true-crime podcasts and novels featuring violence and murder. Others may enjoy nature documentaries about top predators (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.Even babies like being a little spooked (惊的). Peek-a-boo is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. 18 “I don’t think I’ve yet come across a person who did not enjoy some kind of recreational fear,” he said.19 It is a combination of an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an opportunity to learn about dealing with scary situations in a safe environment, researchers say. When we are afraid, our endocrine system releases adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol to help prepare our body for physical action. We know the “Halloween” movie Michael Myers is not real, but our brain still responds as if he were a burning threat. One brain imaging study found that watchinghorror movies activates threat-response brain regions such as the amygdala (扁桃腺), prefrontal cortex and insula as if the danger were real.After this rush, many people experience an uplifted mood. One study examined how 262 adults felt before and after they entered an extreme haunted house. 20 Brain recordings before and after showed that those whose mood improved had a smaller neural response to subsequent stressors, which is associated with the post-haunt high.A．So why do we like it?B．Fifty percent of people said they felt better after the visit.C．And recreational fear, as it is rightly named, could benefit us, too.D．Playing with fear helps us learn what our body does under pressure.E．Horror, though, is not the only genre of what people find scary fun, he said.F．We define recreational fear broadly as a mixed emotional experience of fear and enjoyment.G．Classic childhood games of tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes of predator vs. prey.（2023秋·北京西城·高三统考期末）The Positive Effects of a Positive AffectParents often have high hopes for how their children will turn out in adulthood, such as wanting them to be healthy, to feel satisfied with their career, and to have strong friendships.21Recent research suggests that a teen’s affect—especially positive affect—is one critical factor. What exactly is affect? Affect is the tendency to express positive or negative emotions, which in turn influences how we experience things and determine whether to judge a given situation as positive or negative. 22 Moreover, research suggests that a person’s affect is relatively stable over time, especially by the time one reaches adulthood.Affect is typically described in terms of being either positive or negative, and it seems that positive affect, in particular, is related to a number of beneficial outcomes in adulthood.In support of this crucial role that positive affect has in development, a study by researchers at the University of Virginia followed teenagers and young adults from ages 14 to 25, allowing them to understand the predictive power of positive affect across the critical developmental period from adolescence to young adulthood. 23 For example, teens with a higher positive affect reported had a stronger, healthier attachment to their friends.24 Positive affect also predicted increased self-worth and job competence,suggesting that, overall, positive affect seems to be a key predictor of young adult success across several important areas of functioning.But what about the effects of negative affect? The researchers also examined whether negative affect would predict problems in young adulthood. 25 Thus, the important takeaway is that adolescent positive affect may have powerful links to important life outcomes in the domains of personal well-being, career, and social relationships up to a decade later.A．Affective responses to events typically happen automatically.B．So how can parents help their children grasp the meaning of positive affect?C．But what factors help produce these outcomes as teens move from adolescence to adulthood?D．Interestingly, the results suggested that positive affect may go beyond helping teens build positive relationships.E．The results uncovered that negative affect might account for many life problems when a teenager became a young adult.F．Unlike positive affect, having greater negative affect did not have any significant associations with any of the later life outcomes.G．This study found that positive affect was strongly predictive of life outcomes in young adulthood, such as developing better friendships.（2023秋·北京昌平·高三期末）A Nervous JourneyLet’s take a journey. It is going to be a fast one, so be prepared. Where are we going? We are going to start at your head and end up at your toes. 26 It may be the shortest and fastest trip of your life. Are you ready? Let’s begin. Wiggle your big toe. Okay, we’re done. You might be saying, “That’s it?” We said it was going to be a fast ride!You just sent a message with an electrical signal from your brain to the muscles in your toe. Bingo! It moves. 27 The electrical signals in your body can move as fast as 150 meters per second. In the amount of time it takes you to say “Mississippi” three times, a nerve could send an electrical signal the length of a football field and back. Now that you know how fast a nerve impulse (神经冲动) can travel, let’s take a look at the system that is the highway for these electrical signals.The human body is made of trillions of tiny cells. Each cell is so small that you need a microscope to see them. Your skin, your hair, your eye — all are made up of cells. 28 Muscle cells move your body. Skin cells protect your body. One special type of cell, neurons(神经元), allow your brain to send messages to every part of your body.The center of the nervous system is the brain. The brain takes in what your eyes see and what your ears hear. 29 You can think of your nervous system as a relay team passing a baton from one runner to the next. But instead of runners, you have cells, and instead of a baton, you have information. 30 It hands its information to the next cell, which passes the information to another cell. In the end, the information reaches its destination and causes a change — maybe a muscle contracts. The “information” baton passed from neuron to neuron is usually a small electrical event called an action potential.A．Just how fast was the signal moving?B．A neuron in your brain starts the relay.C．Different types of cells do different jobs.D．You might have heard them called brain cells.E．Did you ever wish you could go inside someone’s brain?F．It may not seem like a long trip, but it is going to be fast.G．If you decide that you want to move around, your brain tells your muscles to do it.（2023秋·北京丰台·高三统考期末）It won’t sound like a big surprise when I tell you that kindness plays an important role in a person’s wellbeing. It can lead to changes like higher self-esteem(自尊心) and lower blood pressure. Even just witnessing acts of kindness can make us happier.31 “From giving away a cup of hot chocolate in a park to giving away a gift in the lab, those performing an act of kindness consistently underestimated how positive their receivers would feel, thinking their act was of less value than receivers perceived it to be,” states a study.32 Yet, why is there this difference between what we think someone will feel from an act of kindness versus what they do feel? Why do we underestimate the impact we have on others?Many of us don’t have a real sense of our value. It’s been estimated that as many as 85 percent of people struggle with low self-esteem. 33 This “voice” tends to shift our focus inward assessing our every move, and having bad effect on our relationships.Unlike a conscience(良心), this inner critic doesn’t motivate positive behavior. 34 It encourages us to hold back feeding us thoughts like, “Don’t stick your neck out”: “No one wants to hear from you”; and “You’re going to make a fool of yourself.”One wonderful way to fight against our critical inner voice is through acts of being kind to others. 35 We must also try to see ourselves through the eyes of the people we affect. The degree to which we’re able to do that will help determine our own happiness along with the happiness we light up in others.A．However, the work doesn’t stop there.B．People may lower the value of their own kind comments.C．We all carry around a “critical inner voice” that tends to put us down.D．Instead of seeing what we have to offer, we may think of ourselves as a burden.E．This misunderstanding suggests that people devalue their own actions in relation to others.F．Instead, it turns us against ourselves, making us underestimate our beneficial effect on others.G．Yet, people may not truly know the impact that even the smallest of kind acts can have on another person.（2023秋·北京朝阳·高三统考期末）An apology can achieve great things for both the givers and the receivers although nobody likes to admit that they were wrong.An apology is crucial to our physical health. When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted. 36 Research showed that heart rate, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally. 37 When presented with an apology, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier to give forgiveness. In a powerful piece in Psychology Today, writer Beverly Engel described how a simple “I’m sorry” from her mother, after being estranged from each other for three years, made her relieved emotionally. But let’s be real, apologizing can be difficult.38 We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. 39 Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people. 40 As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, theothers, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.A．There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.B．It’s a way of showing the price we paid for the wronged action.C．A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.D．But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.E．This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.F．Apologize for what you did rather than what other people might have thought about it.G．It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.（2023秋·北京东城·高三统考期末）Is fashion important to you? 41 From those who wear trendy ripped jeans and loose-fitting T-shirts to those who wear smart tailored suits and expensive designer outfits, each individual can have their own style.42 And what impact can this have on their self-expression?Arguably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others. People who dress well and keep up with the latest styles seem to be more noticed than those who are not concerned about their appearance. 43 In this way they assume an identity which makes them feel they impress. Yet, by copying general looks, people actually can’t show their individuality.At the same time, fashion is perceived by some as a tool for success and one that represents wealth or respectable social position. For instance, people intentionally try to raise their status by wearing famous brands or expensive clothes which are admired by others. 44 They are just the means to promote a specific image of power and control. In this case, fashion does not express personal individuality but could perhaps be said to give a false impression of appearance for a specific purpose.That being said, following fashion may not have anything to do with copying current trends but with using them as an inspiration to create outfits expressing individuality. 45 Adding glam here and there, rolling up a pair of trousers or even wearing two different shoes can be considered a form of self-expression demonstrating originality.Having considered all this, to my way of thinking, fashion can be used as a means of communication and a way to communicate your self-image to people around you. As a famous designer once said, “Fashion is instant language.”A．Is it a trend we must follow?B．But why are people following fashion?C．For most people it is, at least to some extent.D．For this reason, people wear fashionable clothing.E．These clothes are not actually giving a personal statement of the wearer.F．There are always fashion followers, even though fashion is constantly changing.G．An example of this is reforming fashionable pieces and making small personalized changes.参考答案：1．B 2．D 3．G 4．F 5．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了吃饭的时间会影响食欲和体重，并提出相关建议。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
朝阳区The Tower and the GloryA large man jumps onto my shoulders. He is quickly followed by another slightly smaller man who catches my belt and moves up. Another follows. Then I begin to move slowly from on side to another dangerously.A castell is a human tower built traditionally in festivals in Spain. The activity of making human towers began almost 200 years ago near Tarragona, just south of Barcelona. 71 It has become an annual event in some areas of the country. Usually it is considered a success once all castellers have climbed into their appointed places. On November 16, 2010, castells were declared to be one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.72 It is a formation of several people in which two or more people support a level of higher people, who in turn may support other higher levels of people. Each person is wound into a long narrow piece of cloth worn around the waist to help other people hold tightly when they climb. Typically, the number of the people in each level is one greater than the level immediately above it, resulting in a triangular structure. 73At first I’d like to go on top to enjoy the glory, but the clu b’s president indicated a little girl who looked as though she had been raised on the top. It was she who had pride of place on top of the tower. For my first try-out I was given the role of second hands. Once I had assumed my position, people began to climb up me to the tower without warning. 74 My hard work must have been appreciated because I was quickly promoted to support the bottoms of the first level of the tower.My performance in the “hands” section was obviously satisfactory. 75 I was really proud of that, since it was a clear gesture that I had been fully accepted.A. Building a good human tower takes team work and skills.B. Within seconds I assisted in the formation of a three- level tower.C. Each team is famous for its tallest and most complex tower of people.D. Once a tower is built, try and see if the group can hold it for a count of 30.E. Since then it’s been popular, with groups competing to build higher structures.F. Before long I was called forward and given the great honor of the President’s Belt.G. I hoped to change my position because I knew that this activity required particular skills. EADBF东城区How to Bring Our Community TogetherCanada is a nation that prides itself on multi-culturalism and opportunity. __71___ Building social connections and a sense of belonging brings people together in ways that strengthen individual relationships as well as whole communities.There are several things that we can do to develop strong social connections and a sense of belonging:___72__ One of the simplest ways to bring a community together is through shared experience. Events like an international food festival, a sports league featuring activities from around the world, and health and wellness programs drawing on different cultures, are excellent ways of bringing people together.Think outside our box. of us get caught up in our own routines and practices and forget that there are other ways of doing things. Try talking to different community members, ranging from youths to seniors, to understand their opinions of theTry new things. Positively influencing our community can go beyond volunteering our time and resources. Consider getting involved in our community by working for the 2017 Census(人口) as an enumerator(普查员) or a crew leader. Census enumerators are responsible for identifying dwellings on maps, conducting personal interviews, and following up with respondents in person and by phone, while crew leaders are responsible for leading, training and supervising a team of enumerators. ___75___A strong feeling of unity in a community can make residents feel comfortable and at home.A. Plan community events.B. Encourage community members to do some community service work.C. Social connections offer community members chances to know each other better.D. Our multi- cultural tradition provides a welcoming environment for individualsand families.E. Learning about different cultures and practices can open our mind to a whole new way of life.F. Invite individuals of different cultures to participate in community planning to ensurethat every voice is heard.G. These positions provide an opportunity to meet new people and build relationships withmembers of our community.DAEFG西城区Stop Negative Talk“I’m so fat,” one of your friends says. The girl next to her joins in, “Well, I hate my hair today.” Without thinking, you respond: “No, you are not fat! I am fat. And my hair is flat and boring.” 71It is easy for people to engage in self-critical conversations, and once it starts there is often pressure for you to join in. 72 Maybe it is because “just talking” feels harmless. But before you know it, those opinions flow out of your conversations and into your life, where they start eating away at your self-respect.73 When you start talking about yourself in a negative way, you are not only affecting your self-respect, but your friends’! When you criticize yourself, your friends might think you have the same standards for them. You have heard that it is important to treat others the way you want to be treated, but there is also value in treating yourself like youtreat your friends. If you wouldn’t criticize your friend for the same thing, chances are that you are being too hard on yourself. So, don’t start it.But what if someone else starts For example, your friend feels insecure about how well he played in his soccer game, so he puts himself down: “I suck at soccer.” 74 Ask him, “Do you really think that Why” Maybe he is actually upset about a comment someone made, or is just getting down on himself over one bad play. Whatever it is, talking through the real issue will help him more than slipping into another negative talk.It is important to talk to your friend about your insecurities, but make sure you are not talking about them just to put yourself down. 75 Instead of just focusing on the negative, talk about what makes you and your friends beautiful and unique—including what you love about your body and what you have accomplished. When you show yourself love, you set yourself as an example, and everyone benefits from you positively.A. Negative talk affects self-respect.B. Criticizing yourself helps nobody.C. But why do we hesitate to praise ourselvesD. But why is it acceptable to talk so negativelyE. All it takes is just one comment and the negative talk starts.F. It is better to resist negative conversations and create more balanced ones.G. Before everyone puts himself down, see if you can get to the root of the problem.EDBGF海淀区Freshers’ WeekIn British universities, new students have a special name: they are called Freshers. After their A-level exams, young people in the UK often make a fresh start by going to university, which can involve leaving their family and moving to a new city. __71__Freshers’ Week is a chance to make lots of new friends and try out different hobbies. Most universities in the UK have a Union building: a place where students go to have fun. __72__ It also hosts various societies, including sports teams, political groups, etc. Students buy a membership to be part of a society and go to social events to meet others with similar interests. Sometimes there are quite a lot of students in lectures so it is difficult to get to know people in class. Therefore, each subject has its own club, such as the English Society and the Philosophy Society.__73__ Tours of the town, creative workshops and parties are great ways to socialize with others. Sometimes famous singers come and play concerts especially for the new students of the university. There are also opportunities to go on trips to theme parks or other big cities nearby.Students often move into “halls of residence” in their first year. __74__ This is an excellent way to make friends but sometimes it can be difficult if you don’t get along with your new flat-mates or if the shared area gets very messy.Freshers’ Week can be quite an exhausting experience because so many activities happen at once. A lot of students feel homesick when they first arrive on campus and keep themselves very busy to avoid feeling sad about leaving their family. Some students use their new liberty to drink a lot of alcohol and eat unhealthy food during Freshers’ Week. __75__ However, it is supposed to be the best week of your life, and it is also an opportunity to make friends. Remember that it is only the beginning of your time at university and that you have three years ahead of you.A. Usually it has shops, bars and even underground nightclubs.B. They live in apartments with their own bedrooms but share a kitchen.C. The best part of it is that you can share your interests with people around.D. In Freshers’ Week, lots of activities are organized for Freshers to meet each other.E. Then comes the great opportunity to make friends, join clubs and settle into university life.F. This can cause “Freshers’ flu”: people get ill after a week of late nights and non-stop parties.G. The first week of university life is called Freshers’ Week and is both an excitingand scary experience.GADBF丰台区A Canine Reading BuddyDogs and people have developed a special bond over time. Recently, however, some dogs have taken a different role in people’s lives—therapy dogs.71 Some therapy dogs visit patients in hospitals or nursing homes, while others visit children in schools and libraries. They are there to help children become better readers.Reading programs that use therapy dogs have been in existence for more than ten years. All therapy dogs of this program are registered with an organization that tests the dogs to make sure they have the right personality for the job.72 Both the dogs and the handlers are volunteers with the reading program.At the start of a reading therapy session, a child and a dog are introduced. The pair is allowed to settle down in a quiet corner together. 73 An adult handler stays nearby but generally lets the dog perform its job without interfering(干涉). Sometimes, a handler may ask a question that encourages the child to work with the dog to help the child feel more comfortable.Not every child will be able to be part of a reading therapy program that uses dogs. A few children might be allergic to dogs or afraid of them; some children might have cultural traditions that prevent them from touching a dog. 74Reading therapy programs inspire learning and change. 75 They spend time with human friends. For dogs that love human companionship and a quiet place to rest, being part of areading therapy program can be a great way to spend a few hours each day. The readers benefit too, gaining confidence and learning that reading aloud can be a relaxing experience.A. How do the therapy dogs benefit from itB. But therapy animals also serve in many other areas.C. As the child reads, the dog usually lies quietly and listens.D. When reading to an animal, some children may become relaxed.E. In these circumstances, other animals are available, such as cats and parrots.F. A therapy dog is more of a companion and is trained to help people in different ways.G. A dog’s handler also takes a class and must pass a test to work in the therapy program.FGCEA石景山区How to Have a Successful Teenage LifeEveryone wants to succeed in their life, don’t they Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. 71•Do well in school. No matter how boring it is now, education will help you be a productive member in society. Try your best for excellence in school: listen to the teachers, do your homework, study, and get good grades. Doing so will help you get into a better university, which will enable you to have a bright future. 72•Do good in your community（社区）. Volunteering can not only improve your community’s status, it could make you happier. Studies show that people who volunteer are less likely todevelop depression（抑郁）than people who don’t. 73 For example, if you love animals, volunteer at an animal shelter. If you love helping the environment, plant trees or pick up litter. When you help others, it will make you feel better about yourself.74 Remember, they’re there to help you be the best that you can be. Respect them and value their opinions, even if they annoy you sometimes. 75 You don’t get to choose your teachers or your family, but you still have to put up with them. Learn how to deal with people now, because when you’re an adult, you don’t get to choose your boss or your co-workers, so learn how to respect them now.A. Live life to the fullest.B. School sets you up on the right track!C. Be nice to your parents and teachers.D. Find chances to do volunteer work that interests you.E. It will help you pass time and develop your personality.F. Here are some important points that you may find helpful.G. Keep in mind that they do the things they do because they care about you.FBDCG。