椭圆滤波器的实现
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学院毕业设计(论文)
摘要
在模拟信号的处理中，滤波器起着重要的作用，一个好的滤波电路对一个产品的整 个性能有着重要的影响。然而用传统的方法设计无源的高阶的滤波电路，不仅耗时，计 算也比较复杂。因此本文在总结传统方法的基础上，运用计算机进行辅助设计，不仅省 时，而且效率高。 本文对无源低通椭圆滤波器进行了研究。首先阐述了滤波器设计的理论，在此基础 上，了解了常用的滤波器的原理和结构。接着根据椭圆滤波器的结构和原理，得出了理 论上的椭圆滤波器。 然后分别利用滤波器设计软件 Filter Solutions 和 MATLAB 软件对椭圆滤波器进行 设计和仿真。在比较两者优点的基础上，对设计出的电路进行了改进。 最后，对仿真后的电路，利用 PROTEL 99SE 画出电路的原理图，生成 PCB 板，并 对元器件的值进行了修正，以便在实际中选择元器件。对焊接好的电路，进行了测试， 结果表明设计出的椭圆滤波器符合规定的设计要求。
关键词：滤波器，传递函数，椭圆函数
I
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
无源低通椭圆滤波器的设计和实现
Abstract
The filters play the vital role in processing analog signals. A good filter circuit has important influence on the whole performance of a product. However, in traditional methods, designing the passive and higher-order filter circuits wastes a great deal time and the computation is quite complex. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing traditional methods, this paper proposes the novel method which uses computers to aid design. The method makes time saved and efficiency improved. In the paper, the passive low pass elliptic filter is studied. Firstly, the theory about filter design is explained, and usual filters are introduced. On the basis of understanding structure and principle of the elliptic filter, the elliptic filter is theoretically designed. And then separately in the light of filter design software-Filter Solution and MATLAB, elliptic filter is realized and simulated. According to their respective advantage, designed circuit is improved. Finally, Schematic and PCB of designed circuit are charted by using Protel 99. In order to choose proper components, the values of components are amended. And sealed circuit is tested. The result has indicated that proposed elliptic filter satisfies design demands.
2.1 滤波器的概念 ............................................................................................................................ 3 2.1.1 滤波网络及转移函数 ....................................................................................................... 3 2.2 滤波器的分类 ............................................................................................................................ 4 2.3 相位函数和时延函数 ................................................................................................................ 7 2.4 有源滤波器 ................................................................................................................................ 8 2.4.1 有源滤波器的设计 ........................................................................................................... 9 2.5 无源滤波器 .............................................................................................................................. 10 2.5.1 理想低通无源滤波器 ..................................................................................................... 10 2.5.2 巴特沃思和切比雪夫滤波器 ........................................................................................ 11 2.5.3 椭圆滤波器 ................................................................................................................... 12 2.6 小结 .......................................................................................................................................... 13 第三章 无源低通椭圆滤波器的实现 .......................................................................................... 15 3.1 无源低通椭圆滤波器的实现方法 .......................................................................................... 15 3.1.1FILTER SOLUTIONS 方法 .......................................................................................... 15 3.1.2 MATLAB 实现椭圆滤波器........................................................................................... 20 3.2 灵敏度 ...................................................................................................................................... 23 3.2.1 极点和零点的灵敏度 ..................................................................................................... 24 3.3 小结 .......................................................................................................................................... 24 第四章 滤波器电路的仿真与制板 .............................................................................................. 25 4.1 电路制板 .................................................................................................................................. 25 4.2 仿真 .......................................................................................................................................... 26 4.3 电路分析 .................................................................................................................................. 28
Keywords: filters; transfer function; elliptic function
II
学院毕业设计(论文)
目录
摘要 .................................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... II 目录 ............................................................................................................................................... III 第一章 绪论 .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 滤波器的发展 ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 椭圆滤波器课程设计的现实意义 ............................................................................................ 2 1.3 本课程设计的主要工作 ............................................................................................................ 2 第二章 滤波器的理论 ................................................................................................................ 3
摘要
在模拟信号的处理中，滤波器起着重要的作用，一个好的滤波电路对一个产品的整 个性能有着重要的影响。然而用传统的方法设计无源的高阶的滤波电路，不仅耗时，计 算也比较复杂。因此本文在总结传统方法的基础上，运用计算机进行辅助设计，不仅省 时，而且效率高。 本文对无源低通椭圆滤波器进行了研究。首先阐述了滤波器设计的理论，在此基础 上，了解了常用的滤波器的原理和结构。接着根据椭圆滤波器的结构和原理，得出了理 论上的椭圆滤波器。 然后分别利用滤波器设计软件 Filter Solutions 和 MATLAB 软件对椭圆滤波器进行 设计和仿真。在比较两者优点的基础上，对设计出的电路进行了改进。 最后，对仿真后的电路，利用 PROTEL 99SE 画出电路的原理图，生成 PCB 板，并 对元器件的值进行了修正，以便在实际中选择元器件。对焊接好的电路，进行了测试， 结果表明设计出的椭圆滤波器符合规定的设计要求。
关键词：滤波器，传递函数，椭圆函数
I
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
无源低通椭圆滤波器的设计和实现
Abstract
The filters play the vital role in processing analog signals. A good filter circuit has important influence on the whole performance of a product. However, in traditional methods, designing the passive and higher-order filter circuits wastes a great deal time and the computation is quite complex. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing traditional methods, this paper proposes the novel method which uses computers to aid design. The method makes time saved and efficiency improved. In the paper, the passive low pass elliptic filter is studied. Firstly, the theory about filter design is explained, and usual filters are introduced. On the basis of understanding structure and principle of the elliptic filter, the elliptic filter is theoretically designed. And then separately in the light of filter design software-Filter Solution and MATLAB, elliptic filter is realized and simulated. According to their respective advantage, designed circuit is improved. Finally, Schematic and PCB of designed circuit are charted by using Protel 99. In order to choose proper components, the values of components are amended. And sealed circuit is tested. The result has indicated that proposed elliptic filter satisfies design demands.
2.1 滤波器的概念 ............................................................................................................................ 3 2.1.1 滤波网络及转移函数 ....................................................................................................... 3 2.2 滤波器的分类 ............................................................................................................................ 4 2.3 相位函数和时延函数 ................................................................................................................ 7 2.4 有源滤波器 ................................................................................................................................ 8 2.4.1 有源滤波器的设计 ........................................................................................................... 9 2.5 无源滤波器 .............................................................................................................................. 10 2.5.1 理想低通无源滤波器 ..................................................................................................... 10 2.5.2 巴特沃思和切比雪夫滤波器 ........................................................................................ 11 2.5.3 椭圆滤波器 ................................................................................................................... 12 2.6 小结 .......................................................................................................................................... 13 第三章 无源低通椭圆滤波器的实现 .......................................................................................... 15 3.1 无源低通椭圆滤波器的实现方法 .......................................................................................... 15 3.1.1FILTER SOLUTIONS 方法 .......................................................................................... 15 3.1.2 MATLAB 实现椭圆滤波器........................................................................................... 20 3.2 灵敏度 ...................................................................................................................................... 23 3.2.1 极点和零点的灵敏度 ..................................................................................................... 24 3.3 小结 .......................................................................................................................................... 24 第四章 滤波器电路的仿真与制板 .............................................................................................. 25 4.1 电路制板 .................................................................................................................................. 25 4.2 仿真 .......................................................................................................................................... 26 4.3 电路分析 .................................................................................................................................. 28
Keywords: filters; transfer function; elliptic function
II
学院毕业设计(论文)
目录
摘要 .................................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................... II 目录 ............................................................................................................................................... III 第一章 绪论 .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 滤波器的发展 ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 椭圆滤波器课程设计的现实意义 ............................................................................................ 2 1.3 本课程设计的主要工作 ............................................................................................................ 2 第二章 滤波器的理论 ................................................................................................................ 3