铁路工程项目管理

一摘要

题目--《铁路工程项目管理》当代国际社会传言，企业崛起一靠技术，二靠管理。现代企业应拥有最新技术，同时还必须懂得管理，善于管理，采用各种先进的管理模式和方法，在投资决策、项目实施、工程结算各个阶段加强工程项目全过程管理,以有效控制工程造价,提高项目投资的经济和社会效益。提升企业的工作效率和经济效益。现代项目管理作为管理学中的一个重要学科领域，是在第二次世界大战即将结束之时产生，并在本世纪５０—６０年代获得成熟性的发展。铁路工程项目有与其他部门工程项目不同的特点。在一个铁路项目中有众多的工程工作，如线路路基及轨道、桥隧建筑、站场、机务设备、车辆设备、给排水设备、通信信号设备、电力和房屋建筑等工作中的几项或全部。不同于一般项目的单一工作。一个铁路工程项目具有投资规模大、点多、线长、面广、技术性强、专业分工细、流程复杂等特点。又都牵涉到人力、物力、财力和工地的运用。所以要完成一项铁路工程项目，从勘测设计到施工、交付使用构成一个系统。在这个系统内必须有严格的分工和密切的协作而又相互制约，必须有一套相应的组织管理办法。

Two English summaries

Topic-《the railroad engineering item manage 》the contemporary international society pass on a message, the business enterprise grow a near technique, two depend a management. The modern business enterprise should own the latest technique, have to also know a management in the meantime, being good at a management, adopting various forerunner's management style and method at investing decision, the item implement, engineering to settle accounts each stage to strengthen the engineering item whole process management, building price by valid control engineering, raising the economic and social performance that the item invest, promoting the work efficiency and the economy performance of the business enterprise. The modern item management is an important academics realm that the management learns to win, is at the World War II will soon end of produce, and acquires the development of the maturity in 50-60's in this century. The railroad-engineering item has a different characteristic with the other section-engineering item. There are numerous engineering works in a railroad item, construct, stand a field, train such as the circuit roadbed and the orbit, the bridge tunnel maintain an equipments, vehicle equipments and give to drain an equipments and correspond by letter the signal equipments, electric power and house to construct etc. work in of several items or all. Differ from single work of the general item. A railroad engineering item has an investment large-scale, order to have another, the line grow, noodles wide, the technique is strong, the profession divide the work thin, process complications etc. characteristics. All concern to the usage of the manpower, material resources, financial power and the workplace again. So want to complete a railroad-engineering item, design from survey to construction and consign a usage to constitute a system. Have to their are the strict division of lab our and close cooperation in this system but again mutually check and supervision, have to have a set of organization management way that ring to correspond.

三正文

（一）工程项目管理的有关概念

⒈项目：项目是指按限定时间、限定费用和限定质量标准完成的一次性任务和管理对象。项目所具有的主要特征：

①项目的一次性。这是项目的最主要特征,也可称为为性。一次性是指没有与此相同的另一