句子成分和五种句子类型(全)
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3.表语(predicative)
❖ 1. 说明主语的身份或特征、属性、状态等。2. 位于
在系动词后面。3.充当短语的可以使单词、短语或从
句。
形容词
❖ 1.You look younger名th词an before. ❖ 2.I am a teacher. 副词
❖ 3.Jim is out.
定式 ❖ I enjoy reading foreign stories, especially ❖ American ones.（V-ing形式） ❖ We all believe that you are suitable for this work.
（从句
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5.宾语补足语(object complement)
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什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是 能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第
一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？ ！
I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !
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句子包括哪些成分？
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语 （predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语 （attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。
❖ I had bread and milk for breakfast this morning. ❖ Where did you buy that?(名词） ❖ I need twenty works.（数词） ❖ He always does the unexpected.（名词化的形容词 ❖ Remember to tell him to come to the lecture.（不
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❖ Please make yourself at home. 介词短语
❖ Please keep the dog out. 副词
❖ We call her Miss Zhang. 名词
to is
twehaacthIyn精o品eu文e档dE.ng从lis句h.
4.宾语
o❖b1je. c一t)个动作的承受者，表示动作的对象或结果。
❖ 2.用在及物动词或介词后面. ❖ She is playing the piano.
He often helps me. He likes to sleep in the open air. He is addicted to smoking. We enjoy living in China. 3.宾语包括直接宾语和间接宾语。 ❖ Please pass me the book. ❖ = Please pass the book to me. ❖ He bought her some flowers. ❖ =He bought some flow精e品r文s档for her.
8.It made me excited that dad bought me a
computer.
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it作形式主语
2.谓语(verb)
❖ 1. 表示主语的行为动作或所处的状态。 ❖ 2. 必须由动词充当。 ❖ 3.一般在主语后面，和主语在人称和数方面必须一致。 ❖ 谓语有简单谓语、复合谓语之分。 ❖ (1) 简单谓语： 是由动词或动词词组组成的。 ❖ She always studies hard. ❖ He often listens to music. ❖ (2) 复合谓语：是由“情态动词或助动词 + 动词”构成. ❖ He can speak English. ❖ We have finished reading the book. ❖ I did see her yesterday.
按句子结构，句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句。只有一个 主语（并列主语）和一个谓语（并列谓语），句子成分都是由单词 和短语表示，这样的句子称为简单句。简单句最基本的类型有五种， 其他各种句型都是由这五种句型变化而来的。掌握这五种基本句型， 是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
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句子成分的构成
句子的主要成分：
4.Surfing, diving and swimming 5.Four plus four is eight.数词
are
all
w动ate名r 词sports.
6.What you said made me sad. 从句
7.The young should respect the old. the+adj.
❖ 放在宾语后面,对宾语进行补充说明,与宾语一起构 成复合宾语。
❖ I made my room beautiful. 形容词
❖ I can see her dancing there.
现在分词
❖ He made himself known to them. 过去分词
❖ She asked me to lend her my bike.不定式
主语、谓语、宾语、表语
句子的次要成分：
定语、状语、补足语（同位语、插入语)
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1.主语(subject)
❖ 1. 主语是句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体. ❖ 2.一般在句首。
❖ 3. 一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语(不定式， 动名词或从句)充当。 1. We study in LianPing Middle School. 代词 2.Our classroom is very clean. 名词 3.To teach you English is my job. 不定式
介词短语
❖ 4.Now they are at home. 反身代词
❖ 5.I’m not quite myself today.过去分词
❖ 6.He got lost in the forest. 动名词
❖ 7.His hobby is swimming.
不定式
❖ ❖
8.My job is 9.The book
3.表语(predicative)
❖ 1. 说明主语的身份或特征、属性、状态等。2. 位于
在系动词后面。3.充当短语的可以使单词、短语或从
句。
形容词
❖ 1.You look younger名th词an before. ❖ 2.I am a teacher. 副词
❖ 3.Jim is out.
定式 ❖ I enjoy reading foreign stories, especially ❖ American ones.（V-ing形式） ❖ We all believe that you are suitable for this work.
（从句
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5.宾语补足语(object complement)
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什么是句子？
句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是 能表达一个完整概念的语言单位．句子的第
一个字母必须大写，结尾要有．？ ！
I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !
精品文档
句子包括哪些成分？
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、 状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语 （predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语 （attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。
❖ I had bread and milk for breakfast this morning. ❖ Where did you buy that?(名词） ❖ I need twenty works.（数词） ❖ He always does the unexpected.（名词化的形容词 ❖ Remember to tell him to come to the lecture.（不
wenku.baidu.com
❖ Please make yourself at home. 介词短语
❖ Please keep the dog out. 副词
❖ We call her Miss Zhang. 名词
to is
twehaacthIyn精o品eu文e档dE.ng从lis句h.
4.宾语
o❖b1je. c一t)个动作的承受者，表示动作的对象或结果。
❖ 2.用在及物动词或介词后面. ❖ She is playing the piano.
He often helps me. He likes to sleep in the open air. He is addicted to smoking. We enjoy living in China. 3.宾语包括直接宾语和间接宾语。 ❖ Please pass me the book. ❖ = Please pass the book to me. ❖ He bought her some flowers. ❖ =He bought some flow精e品r文s档for her.
8.It made me excited that dad bought me a
computer.
精品文档
it作形式主语
2.谓语(verb)
❖ 1. 表示主语的行为动作或所处的状态。 ❖ 2. 必须由动词充当。 ❖ 3.一般在主语后面，和主语在人称和数方面必须一致。 ❖ 谓语有简单谓语、复合谓语之分。 ❖ (1) 简单谓语： 是由动词或动词词组组成的。 ❖ She always studies hard. ❖ He often listens to music. ❖ (2) 复合谓语：是由“情态动词或助动词 + 动词”构成. ❖ He can speak English. ❖ We have finished reading the book. ❖ I did see her yesterday.
按句子结构，句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句。只有一个 主语（并列主语）和一个谓语（并列谓语），句子成分都是由单词 和短语表示，这样的句子称为简单句。简单句最基本的类型有五种， 其他各种句型都是由这五种句型变化而来的。掌握这五种基本句型， 是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
精品文档
句子成分的构成
句子的主要成分：
4.Surfing, diving and swimming 5.Four plus four is eight.数词
are
all
w动ate名r 词sports.
6.What you said made me sad. 从句
7.The young should respect the old. the+adj.
❖ 放在宾语后面,对宾语进行补充说明,与宾语一起构 成复合宾语。
❖ I made my room beautiful. 形容词
❖ I can see her dancing there.
现在分词
❖ He made himself known to them. 过去分词
❖ She asked me to lend her my bike.不定式
主语、谓语、宾语、表语
句子的次要成分：
定语、状语、补足语（同位语、插入语)
精品文档
1.主语(subject)
❖ 1. 主语是句子所要说明的动作或状态的主体. ❖ 2.一般在句首。
❖ 3. 一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语(不定式， 动名词或从句)充当。 1. We study in LianPing Middle School. 代词 2.Our classroom is very clean. 名词 3.To teach you English is my job. 不定式
介词短语
❖ 4.Now they are at home. 反身代词
❖ 5.I’m not quite myself today.过去分词
❖ 6.He got lost in the forest. 动名词
❖ 7.His hobby is swimming.
不定式
❖ ❖
8.My job is 9.The book