英国文学复习资料

Suggestive Questions 英国文学复习资料1.What events mark the beginning and end of the romantic period inthe history of British literature?Romanticism arose as a main literary trend ,which prevailed in England during the period of 1798--1832,beginning with the publication of Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads (1798),ending with Walter Scott's death.2.What are the most important features of Romanticism?Under the influences of the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution，the social life changes a lot especially in literature. With the changes，the romantics like George Gordon Byron，John Keats etc.，expressiny their feelings、particular attitudes about life in their respective style instead of old forms，and the Romantic works generally appears the follwing characteristics：as an emphasis on feeling、imagination、intuition and all in all，on subjective；a love for nature；a belief in individulity and freedon；the glorification of commmon place；an interest in the past，the unusual，the unfamiliar，a feeling of loneliness. some of the Lake Poets.William Wordsworth,Robert Southey,Samuel Taylor Coleridge several poems by William WordsworthThe Solitary Reaper / London/I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud一5.Identify the following and explain the whole stanza in your own words, using prose style.Behold her, singer in the field,Yon solitary Highland Lass!Reaping and singing by herself;Stop here, or gently pass!Alone she cuts and binds the grain,And sings a melancholy strain;O listen! For the Vale profoundIs overflowing with the soundIt is the poem called The Solitary Reaper written by William Wordsworth Look!There is a young and beautiful girl on the highland.She is alone in thefield.She is singing while reaping by herself.The melody is so attract that you couldn't stop listening.If you want to leave ,just go gently.She is still cutting and binding with her songs. Her melody is so dreary that just like telling us a sad story.Oh,listen!Her melody is overflowing with the sound in the deep valleys.6.What is the most important poem of Samuel Taylor Coleridge?The Rime of the Ancient Mariner7.Identify “all good poetry is the spontan eous overflow of powerfulfeelings,” and give your own understanding of this expression.It comes from Preface to Lyrical Ballads by William Wordsworth.二In my opinion,it is quite right. To be a good poet,you should have a sensitive mind. You should use your imagination to realize the fusion of the description or events with expression of inward state of mind. several poems by Lord Byron.When We Two Party/She Walks in Beauty / Don Juan.9.For what was Percy Bysshe Shelley expelled from school?In 1811 he and his friend Thomas Jefferson Hogg published their pamphlet, The Necessity of Atheism, which resulted in their immediate expulsion from the university.And it is against the religion on The Victorian Period.10.Identify “O Wind, If Winters comes, can Spring be far behind?”It comes from the poem called Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley .11.In what ways is the west wind both a destroyer and a preserver?Shelly shows the irony of the wind that acts in a contradictory manner.The west wind is a destroyer because it spreads the dead leaves destroyas old plants.It is the preserver as it brings life to the dead atmosphere, it spreads the seeds and they lie two inches beneath the ground and eventually sprout into seedlings.12.Who wrote the poem “Adonais”, and for what purpose?T he poem “Adonais” was wrote by Shelley in order to remember Keats .When the report of Keats' death reached him, he was convinced that三Keats had been hounded to death by the reviewers, so he decided to write a defense of Keats and an attack on the reviewers.. some of the odes by John KeatsOde to a nightingale/ Ode to a Grecian Urm/To Autumne your own words to rewrite the following in prose style:Seasons of mists and mellow fruitfulness,Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun:Conspiring with him how to load and blessWith fruit the vines that round the thatch-eaves run;To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,And fill all fruit with ripeness to the core;Autumn is a season of mist and full of mellow fruit.She is a close bosom friend of the maturing sun.Autumn enjoys conspiring with the sun.Sometime they decorate the grape gum under the thatch-eaves with countless rich fruit.And Sometime they have the trees bending with apples or full fill all fruit with ripeness to the core.15.Identify “Beauty is truth, truth beauty”, and then say somethingabout your understanding of the phrase.The sentences come from the poem called Ode to a Grecian Urm written by John Keats.John Keats is an aestheticsm .He is that kind of person who do the art job with the believe of "art for art's sake."So the sentence is the typical example of四it.The writer pursuit the perfect things ,so he believe that beauty present thetruth.On the opposite, all the beautiful things are truth.16.Keats had influence on ----- who advocated “art for art's sake.”Oscar Wilde some novels by Walter Scott.Ivanhoe/Rob Roy/Waverley18.Identify and comment “It is a truth universally acknowledged, that asingle man in possession of a good fortune must be in need of a wife.The sentence comes form Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen19.Can you name some of the major critical realists in the Victorian Age?Charles Dickens/William Makepeace Thackeray/George Eliot20.Say something about your understanding of the term “critical realists.”English critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the early fifties. The critical realists described with much vividness andartistic skill the chief characteristics of the English society It found itsexpressions in the form of novel. The greatest English realist of the time was Charles Dickens. With striking force and truthfulness, he creates pictures ofbourgeois civilization, showing the misery and sufferings of the common people.Another critical realist was William Makepeace Thackeray. His novels aremainly a satirical portrayal of the upper strata of society. Others are Brontesisters, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot, and Thomas Hardy. The novelists五exposed and criticized the corrupted society mercilessly. They are generally known as critical realists.21.Charles Dickens is a very prolific writer, can you name several of his works that are still widely read today?Oliver Twist/David Copperfield/A Christmas Carol22.Which novel by Charles Dickens is a direct reflection of the French Revolution?A Tale of Two Cities23.Which novel by Charles Dickens has got conspicuous autobiographical elements in it?David Copperfield24.The title of the novel “Vanity Fair”is taken from which work?The Pilgrim's Progress25.Thackeray's “Vanity Fair”has got a subtitle, what is the subtitle and what does it imply?A Novel without a Hero.The subtitle points to the author's intention was not to portray individuals,but the bourgeois and the aristocratic society as a whole.26.Can you name some novels by Elizabeth Gaskell?North and South/Mary Barton/Wives and Daughters27.Who wrote “The Life of Charlotte Brontë”?Elizabeth Gaskell28.Can you say something about the personality of the titular heroine in the六novel Jane Eyre?Jane Eyre is my favorite heroine. She is both realistic but also possesses a wild imagination, she is decent and sincere, both rational and passionate,innocent, self-confident but shy and reserved before strangers, outspoken,fearless, ethical, enduring.29.Who is the author of the novel Wuthering Heights? Emily Bronte30.Can you name four novels by George Eliot?Westminster Review/Adam Bede/The Mill on the Floss/Silas Marner31.Which novel by George Eliot has got autobiographical elements in it?The Mill on the Floss32.What major moral principle did George Eliot want to convey to thereaders in her novel “Silas Marner”?We can learn from the book that"God's mill grinds slow but sure."If you do the good things,the happiness will finally comes to you .And if you alway doing the bad things,you will deserve it.33.In 1850, what kind of honorary title did Alfred Tennyson get?He get Laureateship Poet in 185034.What is the major theme of “Crossing the Bar”?This poem is refering to death and crossing over to the other side. Tennyson describes how he wants to leave in a peaceful way. He hopes people do not mourn his death. He uses the sea as a metaphor for death and the waves and the nature of the sea as how you go. He wants the sea to be at peace while he crosses.七He wants to be face to face with his "pilot" that led him on this voyage. The pilot in this case is God.35.What is Tennyson's poem “Ulysses”mainly about?This poem must resonate with those who live for adventure and for newexperiences. It's for those who can't sit still, for those who start things but find it boring to finish. It talks about the need to have constant new experiences, to never settle for the ordinary and to always seek something new - right down to your last breath. ' However, Ulysses can no longer stay still - he craves not just the adventures, but the fame that comes with what he's done and will do. For people of that personality, constant change, and recognition by others of their exploits are their driving force. Tennyson describes that personality typeperfectly in his poem about Ulysses.36.Identify and comment the following:The year's at the springAnd day's at the morn;Morning's at seven;The hillside's dew-pearled;The lark's on the wing;The snail's on the thorn:God's in His heaven ---All's right with the world!It comes from Pippa Passes written by Robert Browing.八The author described the work as the first of a series of dramatic pieces. His original idea was of a young, innocent girl, moving unblemished through the crime-ridden neighbourhoods of Asolo. She sings as she goes, her song unknown to her influencing others to act for the good. All the things live in harmonious.It is a piece and beautiful picture in the world.37.Identify and comment the followingThe sea of FaithWas once, too, at the full, and round earth's shoreLay like the folds of a bright girdle furled.But now I only hearIts melancholy, long, withdrawing roar,Retreating, to the breathOf the night wind, down the vast edges drearAnd naked shingles of the world.It comes from Dover Beach written by Matthea ArnoldFrom the the poet ,we can know that the challenges to the validity oflong-standing theological and moral precepts have shaken the faith of people in God and religion. People was lost at that time.They can't find the solution to their life.It is a sadness of spirit lose. some poems by Robert Browning.Pippa Passes/Pauline/Men and Women some of Thomas Hardy's novels.九Tess of the D'Urbervilles/Jude the Obscure/Life's Little Ironies40.Analyze the three major characters in the novel “Tess of theD'Urbervilles”.Tess,the heroine,is depicted as a victim of the society.Being abeautiful,innocent,honest,and hard-working country girl,she is easily taken in and abused by the hypocritical bourgeoisie.she eventually executed by the unfair legal system of the society.Second,Angle.Angel Clare values "intellectual liberty"more than parental love.He inherited from his family of the "hard logical deposit".His nature is gentle and affectionate.Third,Alec.He is violent and headstrong,and determined on getting his own way at all costs. some works by Oscar WildeThe Picture of Dorian Gray/The happy prince/The selfish Giant42.Oscar Wilde advocated “art for art's sake,” which author influenced him in this aspect?John Keats some works by G. B. Shaw.Pygmalion/Man and Superman/Apple Cart44.Where does the name Pygmalion come from?It comes from Ancient Greek Myth some novels by D. H. Lawrence十Sons and Lovers/The Rainbow/Women in Love46.Say something about the Oedipus' Complex.The Oedipus Complex is derived from the mythological story of Oedipus. In the myth, the hero unknowingly kills his father and marries his own mother. The Oedipus complex describes a state of psychosexual development in which a male child desires his mother and grows envious.47.Say something about the major theme of “Sons and Lovers”.Sons and Lovers is the novel as a fictional study of the "Oedipus' Complex".Paul Morel seems very much like a man suffering from an Oedipus' Complex.The novel also be viewed as a working -class novel,a novel that focuses on the everyday lives ,trial and poor laborers. Worker around the turn of the century.You get a vivid picture of what it was like to be a miner or a factory Sons and Lovers is an investigation of love between men and women.The conflict between spiritual love and sexual .48.To what school did James Joyce and Virginia Woolf belong to on the aspect of their writing style?James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are influential writers of the 20th century .Their writing styles are both belong to " Stream of consciousness." some works by James JoyceUlysse/Finnegans Wake/A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man some works by Virginia WoolfTo the Lighthouse/The Waves/Mrs. Dalloway十一。