英语构词法PPT课件
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英语词汇学之构词法PPT课件
-en
woolen, golden, wooden, earthen…
-ent different, dependent, existent, consistent…
-ic
realistic, poetic, historic, economic…
November 18, 2023
14
常见后缀2—形容词后缀
11
常见后缀1—名词后缀
后缀 例词
-an
Asian, American, Russian, African…
-ance attendance, performance, assistance…
-ation education, examination, pronunciation…
-dom
freedom, kingdom, wisdom, boredom…
spy(监视)
lower(更低的) lower(降低)
1818
其它构词法之截短法
缺点
杂乱 不喜欢
10
常见前缀3—特定意思
构成方式
anti-(反) auto-(自动) bi-(双) centi-(百分之一的) co-(共同) down(向下) ex-(以前的) fore-(前部的) full-(完全) November 18, 2023
例词
antiwar, anticancer, antipollution… automatic, autotimer, auto-record… bicycle, binoculars… centimeter, centigram, centigrade… co-operate, co-edit, co-exit… downstairs, downhill, downwards… ex-wife, ex-lover, ex-husband… forehead, foreleg, forearm… full-time, full-speed, full-strength…
英语构词法-超实用PPT课件
justice（公正）
note（注释）
quality（质量）
test（测试）
unity（团结、联合）加后缀
动词
classify（分类） glorify（美化） identify（识别） justify（为…辩护） notify（告知） qualify（使合格） testify（证实） unify（统一、联合）
添加前缀
counter- -
10
添加前缀 anti-
bacterial（细菌的） virus（病毒）
反义词
antibacterial（抗菌的） anti-virus（抗病毒）
cipher（编写密码） code（编码） frost（结霜） value（估价）
添加前缀 de-
decipher（译码） decode（解码） defrost（除霜） devalue（贬值）
-
12
添加前缀 il-
legal（合法的） literate（有教养的） logical（逻辑的）
balance（平衡） mature（成熟的） moral（道德的） patient（耐心的） perfect（完美的） personal（个人的） polite（礼貌的） possible（可能的） pure（纯的）
动词
clear（变清澈） cool (使变凉爽) empty（倒空） slow（减慢） warm（使温暖）
-
5
Examples
He handed me a piece of cake with his dirty hands.
The house has been valued at
over $200,000.
13
添加前缀
构词法(共29张PPT)
C Although my sister and I have a(n) 1. ________ different (differ) mother, we are 2. ________ certainly (certain) alike. This is not just a matter of 3. ___________ appearance (appear) though we are small with curly hair and have a tendency to overeat and put on weight. The resemblance goes much further than that. Throughout our 4. _________ childhood (child) we were brought up to be very adaptable and our 5. _______ ability (able) to accept change is another characteristic we share.
3. 合成代词 代词宾格/物主代词+ self/selves：herself, ourselves 某些不定代词some, any, every, no等+ body/one/thing：anyone, nothing 4. 合成介词 介词+介词：throughout, within
5. 合成副词 副词+名词：indoors, overhead, upstairs 介词+名词： beforehand（提前） 名词+形容词：sky-high 副词+介词：nearby 6. 合成动词 副词+动词：overhear, overwork, underline 名词+动词：moonwalk, sunbathe 形容词+动词：whitewash, safeguard
9种常见英语构词法(课堂PPT)
爱滋病；获得性免疫功能丧失综合症 Central Intelligence Agency 中央情报局 Chief Executive Officer（公司等的）总经理，总裁 National People’s Congress（中国）全国人民代表大会 Federal Bureau of Investigation （美国）联邦调查局
• die-hard(死硬派) breakthrough workout
3 conversion 词性转化法
• 是指有一种词性转化为另一种词性。单词转化后的
意义往往与之前的意义联系密切.
• water n. 水 ------ water v. 浇水 • hand n. 手 --- hand in上交 v. • telephone n.电话 --- telephone v. 打电话 • look v. 看 --- take a look n. • empty adj. 空的 --- To empty the basket v. • stop v. 停止 --- n.车站 • interest.waste.present.close. back. spare • age.amount.damage.dawn.desert.cost.bare. • bour.hit.object.open.mean.stamp • match.place.sound.spring.spot.treasure.sense
watch-making record-breaking peace-loving
heart - broken
adj.+n. =n. shorthand white-face （？） first-class high-speed long-distance quick-charge adj.+v-ing/v-ed =adj. new-born good-looking deep-breathing far-reaching cold-blooded left-handed adv.+v-ing/v-ed=adj. hard-woking fast-developing well-known newly-built
• die-hard(死硬派) breakthrough workout
3 conversion 词性转化法
• 是指有一种词性转化为另一种词性。单词转化后的
意义往往与之前的意义联系密切.
• water n. 水 ------ water v. 浇水 • hand n. 手 --- hand in上交 v. • telephone n.电话 --- telephone v. 打电话 • look v. 看 --- take a look n. • empty adj. 空的 --- To empty the basket v. • stop v. 停止 --- n.车站 • interest.waste.present.close. back. spare • age.amount.damage.dawn.desert.cost.bare. • bour.hit.object.open.mean.stamp • match.place.sound.spring.spot.treasure.sense
watch-making record-breaking peace-loving
heart - broken
adj.+n. =n. shorthand white-face （？） first-class high-speed long-distance quick-charge adj.+v-ing/v-ed =adj. new-born good-looking deep-breathing far-reaching cold-blooded left-handed adv.+v-ing/v-ed=adj. hard-woking fast-developing well-known newly-built
英语课件英语构词法课件36页PPT
superstar,supermarket, superman, superpower overoverhead, overeat, overuse miniminibus, miniskirt, mini-car underunderground, underestimate semi-(半，部分) semicircle, semiskilled,
英语构词法
英语构词法种类
英语构词法主要有三种： 转化、合成与派生。
另外还有截短、缩合等。
1. 转化 : 是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。
water n. 水 ------ water vt. 浇水
常见的转化形式： 动词 --- 名词 名词 --- 动词
动词----名词
stop vt. 停止 --- n.车站 love vt. 爱 --- n. 爱 Watch vt. 观看 --- n. 手表 record vt. 录音 --- n. 纪录 comb vt. 梳理(头发) --- n. 梳子 abuse vt. 辱骂 --- n. 辱骂
handful(一把)
4. 截短 : 是指用截头取尾的方法构成新词。 telephone --- phone influenza [ˌinfluˈenzə] --- flu. 流行性感冒
5. 缩合 :
是指把两个或两个以上的词各取 一部分合在一起构成一个新单词。
smoke and fog ---- smog 烟雾 Test of English as a foreign language
5. advertisement (n.)广告→advertise(v.) → advertiser(n.)登广告的人
6. equal(adj.)平等的→ equally(adv.) → equality(n.)相等,平等
英语构词法
英语构词法种类
英语构词法主要有三种： 转化、合成与派生。
另外还有截短、缩合等。
1. 转化 : 是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。
water n. 水 ------ water vt. 浇水
常见的转化形式： 动词 --- 名词 名词 --- 动词
动词----名词
stop vt. 停止 --- n.车站 love vt. 爱 --- n. 爱 Watch vt. 观看 --- n. 手表 record vt. 录音 --- n. 纪录 comb vt. 梳理(头发) --- n. 梳子 abuse vt. 辱骂 --- n. 辱骂
handful(一把)
4. 截短 : 是指用截头取尾的方法构成新词。 telephone --- phone influenza [ˌinfluˈenzə] --- flu. 流行性感冒
5. 缩合 :
是指把两个或两个以上的词各取 一部分合在一起构成一个新单词。
smoke and fog ---- smog 烟雾 Test of English as a foreign language
5. advertisement (n.)广告→advertise(v.) → advertiser(n.)登广告的人
6. equal(adj.)平等的→ equally(adv.) → equality(n.)相等,平等
构词法 ppt课件
Word-formation
1. Compounding （合成法） 2. Derivation 派生词 3. Conversion转化法 4.Clipping截短法 5. Blends混合法
1. Compounding （合成法）
Weekend 周末 handwriting 书法 pain-killer 止痛药 three-year-old三岁的 ordinary-looking相貌一般的 sleep-walk梦游
(6) -an: African, Russian
(7) -ese: Chinese, Japanese
(8) -ess: princess, waitress
(9) -ant: accountant, applicant
attendant (10) -er: (工具)container, speaker 喇叭, washer洗衣机/洗碗机, cooker 厨具
4.Clipping截短法
1.截头
telephone →phone airplane →plane
2.去尾
mathematics→ maths
examination→exam
kilogram→ kilo
laboratory →lab
taxicab→ taxi
3.截头去尾
influenza→ flu
(6)-th: faith, warmth, (7)-dom: kingdom, wisdom, (8)-sm: enthusiasm, nationalism, (9)-ance: importance, romance (10)-ence: intelligence, violence, (11)-ery: bravery, slavery, (12)-th: length, strength, warmth,
1. Compounding （合成法） 2. Derivation 派生词 3. Conversion转化法 4.Clipping截短法 5. Blends混合法
1. Compounding （合成法）
Weekend 周末 handwriting 书法 pain-killer 止痛药 three-year-old三岁的 ordinary-looking相貌一般的 sleep-walk梦游
(6) -an: African, Russian
(7) -ese: Chinese, Japanese
(8) -ess: princess, waitress
(9) -ant: accountant, applicant
attendant (10) -er: (工具)container, speaker 喇叭, washer洗衣机/洗碗机, cooker 厨具
4.Clipping截短法
1.截头
telephone →phone airplane →plane
2.去尾
mathematics→ maths
examination→exam
kilogram→ kilo
laboratory →lab
taxicab→ taxi
3.截头去尾
influenza→ flu
(6)-th: faith, warmth, (7)-dom: kingdom, wisdom, (8)-sm: enthusiasm, nationalism, (9)-ance: importance, romance (10)-ence: intelligence, violence, (11)-ery: bravery, slavery, (12)-th: length, strength, warmth,
《英语构词法》课件
Classification and characteristics of compound words
Summary words
Detailed description
Classification and characteristics
Compound words can be classified based on their structure and meaning Some common types of compound words include not compounds, verb compounds, advisory compounds, and advisory compounds They have a specific graphical function and can be used as a single unit in senses
03 Suffix word formation
The definition and function of suffixes
Summary words
Definition and function of suffixes
Detailed description
A suffix is a combination of letters attached to the root of a word, used to change the part of speech, tense, or voice of a word. They play an important role in the formation of English vocabulary.
PPT courseware for English word formation
构词法课件(共69张)
后缀 -ar -ee
-ess -ian
例词 lie→liar说谎者 beg→beggar乞讨者；乞丐 employ→employee雇员 interview→interviewee参加面试者 train→trainee受训者；学员 host→hostess女主人 act→actress女演员 music→musician音乐家 politics→politician政治家 history→historian历史学家
后缀 -ed
例词 scare→scared感到恐惧的 confuse→confused感到困惑的 puzzle→puzzled感到迷惑的 worry→worried感到担心的 bore→bored感到厌倦的 excite→excited感到激动的；感到兴奋的 underline→underlined加下划线的
后缀 -ment -ure
例词 achieve→achievement功绩；成就 argue→argument辩论；论据 treat→treatment对待；治疗 equip→equipment设备 agree→agreement同意 announce→announcement通告 arrange→arrangement安排 encourage→encouragement鼓励 fail→failure失败；没做到 press→pressure压力 please→pleasure快乐
后缀 -ous
-some
例词 continue→continuous不断地；持续的 anxiety→anxious忧虑的 caution→cautious十分小心的；谨慎的 curiosity→curious好奇的 humor→humorous幽默的 poison→poisonous有毒的 ambition→ambitious有抱负的 tire→tiresome令人厌倦的 trouble→troublesome令人麻烦的
高中英语构词法课件(共54张PPT)
b. un+副词：undoubtedly, unexpectedly, unfortunately, unusually, unhappily, unluckily 由un＋形容词构成的词除了unknown, unseen, unfit等词之外，其它词都可变为加-ly的副词（个 别形容词尾需要变动）。
intelligent(intelligence)智力
confident(confidence)
patient(patience)
convenient (convenience)
elegant(elegance)
different(difference)
注意：特殊–ent结尾的形容词→ -ency结尾的名词
(6) disa. dis＋名词：dishonour, disease, discomfort b. dis＋形容词：dishonest, discouraged c. dis＋动词：disappear, dislike, discover, disclose,
disagree, discomfort, dismiss
构 词法
一：构词法分类
1派生词： 词根 (或单词) 附加前缀、后缀构成新词叫派 生词
rich-enrich home-homeless
2 转换法：把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类 back n.背- back v.支持 slow adj.慢的-slow v. 减慢
3合成法：由两个或两个以上单词合成一个单词
7)动词/形容词+y →名词
injure-injury discover-discovery
recover-recovery deliver -delivery
初中英语单词讲解之构词法课件(PPT28张)
-ed surprised, balanced, talented -ing interesting, outstanding
4.动词变形容词
-al traditional, international, natural
5. 名词、形容词变动词： -ify beautify, simplify -ize realize -en quicken, widen, sharpen
(2).表示错误或失当的前缀: mis-misunderstand, misdirect(误导)
(3)表示两个,双边的前缀： bi- bicolor ( 双色的), bicycle
(4)表示相互, 交互, 在一起的前缀 inter—interview, international,
internet (5)表示又,再,重新的前缀
另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组 成.
CD ( compact disk) CCTV( China Central Television) NBA (National Basketball Association) UFO( unidentified flying object) UN( United Nations) ID( identification) USA( United States of America)
3. 转化 (conversion): 是指有一种词类转化为另一种词类。
单词转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联 系密切.
water n. 水 ------ water vt. 浇水 常见的转化形式两种：
动词 --- 名词
名词 --- 动词
形容词---动词
动词----名词
stop v. 停止 --- n.车站 love v. 爱 --- n. 爱 watch v. 观看 --- n. 手表 look v. 看 ----have a look n. 看 walk v. 散步,走---take a walk n.散步 love v. 爱--- your love n. 爱
高中英语构词法课件(共54张PPT)
5)以–ent/ant结尾的形容词→ -ance/ence结尾的名词 violent(violence) distant(distance) present(presence) absent(absence)
obedient(obedience)
competent
(competence)能力,胜任,称职
blackboard
hand-made 手工制作的
语法填空中必有一道题是考查词类转换 的。考查不同词性在句中的不同用法， 其中主要涉及到以下三条： 1. 在句中修饰动词或形容词等作状语, 用 副词； 2. 在句中作定语、表语或补语, 一般用形 容词； 3. 作主语、及物动词或者介词的宾语, 用 名词。
operator操作员
2) 动词+–ee→名词（ 表示“受动者，行动者”）
interviewee 被采访者 trainee 培训生 payee 收（受）款人 employee
3) -ist 表示“从事……研究者；信 仰……主义者”。 如：
pianist钢琴家 scientist科学家 artist艺术家 chemist药剂师 4) -dom 表示“等级，领域，状态”。如： freedom自由 kingdom王国 wisdom智慧
intelligent(intelligence)智力
confident(confidence)
patient(patience)
convenient (convenience)
elegant(elegance)
different(difference)
注意：特殊–ent结尾的形容词→ -ency结尾的名词
assist, attend, attract
高中英语构词法精品(19张)PPT优秀课件
move, possible
11
1.名词后缀：
-er
teacher, worker
-or
visitor, sailor
-tion
education, satisfaction
-ment development, movement
12
名词后缀 ：
-ity
ability, possibility
-ist
responsible
-ant, -ent
important, excellent
-ary
military, voluntary
14
3. 副词性的词缀：
-ly
quickly, softly, yearly
-wards
backwards, forwards
15
转化法(Conversion)
taste
n. 味道 It has a good taste. v. 尝起来 It taste very good.
n. 记录 He broke the record. record
v. 记录 He lies to record something while reading a book.
16
independent 词根
blackboard spaceship half-understand
first-class man-made good-looking sometimes beforehand
6
派生词(derivation)
• 加前缀： happy --- _u_n_happy
• 加后缀： develop --- develop_m__en__t
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Word-forming
构词法之 filling blanks
in right forms
For our homework tonight,we have to write a_d_es_cription(describe) of our school.
The__d_iscovery (discover) of gold in the island made the men rapidly rich.
Thee_s_ca_p_e_ (escape) of the thief led to the police's resignment.
The workers are protesting the_u_n_fa_ir_n_e_ss_ (fair) of the law.
构词法之Cloze
How many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a __37_D_ country like Germany?
加后缀：
develop --- develop_______
既加前缀又加后缀： ment
employ ---__u_n_employ_m_e__n_t__
派生法（Derivation）---词缀法
1. 前缀(prefix):
Pre- Pre-reading, preview, prepay （前）
构词法之Reading comprehension
1、You should walk fast emough to cause
you to breathe difficultly.
You should walk fast emough to cause you to breathe with_d_i_f.ficulty
37．A. traditional B. developing
C. typical
D. wealthy
The boy’s biggest _C_55__ had become his
biggest strength.
55. A. kindness
B. happiness
C. weakness D. sadness
2.It's important to list all the subjects.
Make a _li_stof all the subjects.
3.Plant when the soil is warm, soon after the forst-free for your area.
Plant them soon after the f_o_r_st date ends. 4.Refocus your attention on your breathing.
darkest place everyday unhappy
合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):
பைடு நூலகம்
everyday pathway riverside
派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):
frustration unhappy lonelies freedom
转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性):
mini-（微小）
miniskirt, minibus
post–(之后) postwar, post-reading
fore-(前，预先) semi-(半，部分)
forehead foretell, forecast
semicircle, semi-final
anti- (阻止，抗) antiwar, anti-Japanese war
Re- Rewrite, reconsider, reuse (重新)
dis- （不） disagree , dislike , disappear
in/im- （不） incorrect impossible
mis –（错误或失当）misunderstand, mislead super- （超级） supermarket, superman
Focus your attentioang_a_ionn your breathing.
构词法
合成(Compounding)
构词法：
派生法（Derivation）
【前缀prefix/后缀suffix】
转化法（Conversion）
【词性转换】
Classify:
pathway freedom Frustration lock riverside loneliest
常见的后缀
名词后缀 ：
-ity
ability, possibility
-ist
pianist, artist
-ion action, solution, conclusion
2.形容词后缀：
-ous
dangerous, humorous
-ful
helpful, careful
-able, -ible comfortable,
lock place
一、合成(Compounding)
blackboard spaceship half-understand first-class man-made good-looking sometimes beforehand
二、派生词（derivation）
加前缀：
happy --- _u_n_happy
responsible
-ant, -ent important, excellent
-ary
military, voluntary
3. 副词性的词缀：
-ly
quickly, softly, yearly
-wards backwards, forwards
否定意义的前缀
dis- dishonest, dislike in-, il, im, ir inability, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, noesense un- unable, unemployment
under-
（在……下， 在……中）
underground, under-develop
常见的后缀(suffix)
1.名词后缀 ：
-er
teacher, worker
-or
visitor, sailor
-tion
education, satisfaction
-ment development, movement
构词法之 filling blanks
in right forms
For our homework tonight,we have to write a_d_es_cription(describe) of our school.
The__d_iscovery (discover) of gold in the island made the men rapidly rich.
Thee_s_ca_p_e_ (escape) of the thief led to the police's resignment.
The workers are protesting the_u_n_fa_ir_n_e_ss_ (fair) of the law.
构词法之Cloze
How many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a __37_D_ country like Germany?
加后缀：
develop --- develop_______
既加前缀又加后缀： ment
employ ---__u_n_employ_m_e__n_t__
派生法（Derivation）---词缀法
1. 前缀(prefix):
Pre- Pre-reading, preview, prepay （前）
构词法之Reading comprehension
1、You should walk fast emough to cause
you to breathe difficultly.
You should walk fast emough to cause you to breathe with_d_i_f.ficulty
37．A. traditional B. developing
C. typical
D. wealthy
The boy’s biggest _C_55__ had become his
biggest strength.
55. A. kindness
B. happiness
C. weakness D. sadness
2.It's important to list all the subjects.
Make a _li_stof all the subjects.
3.Plant when the soil is warm, soon after the forst-free for your area.
Plant them soon after the f_o_r_st date ends. 4.Refocus your attention on your breathing.
darkest place everyday unhappy
合成词(有两个或更多的词合成一个词):
பைடு நூலகம்
everyday pathway riverside
派生词(在词根上加上前、后缀构成另外一个词):
frustration unhappy lonelies freedom
转化词(将一种词性转化成另一种词性):
mini-（微小）
miniskirt, minibus
post–(之后) postwar, post-reading
fore-(前，预先) semi-(半，部分)
forehead foretell, forecast
semicircle, semi-final
anti- (阻止，抗) antiwar, anti-Japanese war
Re- Rewrite, reconsider, reuse (重新)
dis- （不） disagree , dislike , disappear
in/im- （不） incorrect impossible
mis –（错误或失当）misunderstand, mislead super- （超级） supermarket, superman
Focus your attentioang_a_ionn your breathing.
构词法
合成(Compounding)
构词法：
派生法（Derivation）
【前缀prefix/后缀suffix】
转化法（Conversion）
【词性转换】
Classify:
pathway freedom Frustration lock riverside loneliest
常见的后缀
名词后缀 ：
-ity
ability, possibility
-ist
pianist, artist
-ion action, solution, conclusion
2.形容词后缀：
-ous
dangerous, humorous
-ful
helpful, careful
-able, -ible comfortable,
lock place
一、合成(Compounding)
blackboard spaceship half-understand first-class man-made good-looking sometimes beforehand
二、派生词（derivation）
加前缀：
happy --- _u_n_happy
responsible
-ant, -ent important, excellent
-ary
military, voluntary
3. 副词性的词缀：
-ly
quickly, softly, yearly
-wards backwards, forwards
否定意义的前缀
dis- dishonest, dislike in-, il, im, ir inability, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, noesense un- unable, unemployment
under-
（在……下， 在……中）
underground, under-develop
常见的后缀(suffix)
1.名词后缀 ：
-er
teacher, worker
-or
visitor, sailor
-tion
education, satisfaction
-ment development, movement