英语被动语态用法详解

英语被动语态用法详解

一、单项选择被动语态

1．I saw Jack in the lift this morning. He around here for a long time.

A．won't be seen B．wasn't seen

C．hasn't been seen D．hadn't been seen

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去完成时态的被动语态。句意：今天早上我在电梯里看见杰克。他好久没在这附近露面了。根据this morning可知这是过去的事情；再根据for a long time可知此空是更靠前的动作，且句子主语He和see之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去完成时态，故选D。

2．The affairs of each country should be by its own people.

A．elected B．settled

C．developed D．contained

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选settle，意为“解决”。elect选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选B。

3．Her own story ________ and this book is expected to come out next week.

A．had been written B．has been written

C．had written D．has written

【答案】B

【解析】

句意：她自己的故事已经被写出来了，这部书有望下周出版。由句意可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态。故选Ｂ。

4．Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth

_________very well.

A．has been told; washes B．had been told; washed

C．was told; was washed D．had been told; was washed

【答案】B

【解析】

考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。

5．If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now.

A．is not polluted B．would not be polluted

C．had not been polluted D．would not have been polluted

【答案】B

【解析】

选B句意：如果我们早采取有力措施，现在河水就不会污染这么严重。主句表示与现在

事实相反的虚拟语气，用would加动词原形。

6．—Are we about to have dinner?

—Yes，it ________ in the dining room.

A．serves B．is serving

C．is being served D．has been serving

【答案】C

【解析】

考查时态。因serve与it(dinner)是动宾关系，要用被动语态；由问句中的are about to(即将) have dinner和答语Yes可知，已“在”供应dinner了，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选

C。

7．—Do you know why a meeting by the middle school teachers last Sunday?

—To demand smaller classes of no more than 25 to 30 students in each class.

A．was held B．had been held

C．has held D．held

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。meeting是hold逻辑上的宾语，故用被动语态，再由时间状语last Sunday可知用一般过去时。故选A。句意：——你知道为什么上星期日中学老

师召开会议吗？——要求更小班，每个班不超过25-30个学生。

8．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year.

A．is washing away B．is being washed away

C．are washing away D．are being washed away

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：1. 确定谓语单复数：根据quantity的用法，quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但

它们作主语时，quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单

数，故排除A、D项。2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在

进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选

D项。