雅思小作文笔记
雅思写作笔记1
写作主要授课内容笔记1（20190706）：By Gump Duan雅思小作文数据写作常用写法form……to……by 增加量of 增加量at 在某一点①The number of divorce increased from 100 million to 600million.②The number of divorce increased by 500 thousand in 1980 from 1 million in 1980.③The number of divorces experienced an increase of 500 thousand in 1980.④The number of marriages level off（趋向平稳）at 2.5 million during first decade。
⑤The minutes of local fixed line calls reched the peak at around 90 billion in1990。
Between a and bElectricity production from nuclear power fluctuated wildly during the last few of the 20th century, ranging between 20 units and 50 units.非限定性定语从句England is where the most books are bought, with 81% of market，Wales contents next with 10% closely followed by Scotland with 8% ,Northern Ireland lies with only 1% of market.Sustainable 可忍受的、可持续的、养得起的Sustainable developmentRenewable 可更新的、可再生的Renewable energy source分词作状语The temperature from May onwards saw a steady increase, rising from 20 to 35.表述数值图表文章一个例子The most popular means/modes of transport in France is sky-train ,with 30% of residents choosing to use it on a daily basis.Citizen in France are more likely to travel by sky-train, accounting for 30% of total travelers.The proportion of people choosing sky-train is the largest ,at 30%.Over the 5 years after 1989,the cost of average homes in Tokyo and London dropped by around 7%,while New york house price went down by 5%.by contrast ,price rose by approximately 2% in both Madrid and Frankfurt. Between 1996 and 2002. London house price jumped to around 12% above the 1989 average.主语多样性可使得语句多样性对比句复习In 2007，only 11% of Indian household had air-conditioning, compared to 86% in USA.Teacher ‘salary was largest cost of school, while/whereas the amount of money spent on books was the smallest.The cost of food accounted for largest proportion of family expenses （40%），following by the cost of gasoline（25%）and the money spent on education and training(15%).标准对比句The proportion of people choosing rock music was considerable/slightly larger than that of people who were in favor of classical music.at respectively 60% and 17%.Singapore has a population of about 4 million people, with Chinese accounting for 3 quarts.The total sales of Coke reached 17.1 billion dollars in 2000,with north America having the largest proportion which was 34%,compared with only 7% in Africa and Middle East.。
IELTS小作文重点内容小结
小作文评分标准：一、Task Achievement （TA）二、Coherence and cohesion （CC）Coherence1、结构2、逻辑清晰Cohesion1、连接词使用2、精确多变三、Lexical resource （LR）3四、Grammatical range and accuracy （GRA）3小作文：曲线图必备词汇和句型：1、上升：grow/ increase/ rise/ ascend/go upclimbjump/ leap/ surge/ shoot up/ soar/ rocket2、下降：fall/ decrease/ drop/ descend/ reducedip/ shrink/ sinkslump/ plump/ plummet变化幅度：slight(ly)/smallminimal(ly)/minorsteady(ily)moderate/moderatelysharp/great/steep/significant(ly)dramatical/enormous/substantial/considerable(ly)3、平稳：remain steady at, keep the same levellevel off, level out, stay constant4、波动：fluctuate around/ fluctuate between…and…go up and downrise and fall5、达到顶峰：reach to the peak/ top/ summit/peak at,maximum atreach the highest point6、达到低谷：reach the lowest point/ level,degree atreach the bottom at,趋势描写6大常用句型There be句型：There was a sharp decrease in the number of teachers from five million in 1960 to three million in 1962.横坐标：The years from 1960 to 1962 saw a great fall in the number of teachers, decreasing from five million to three million.纵坐标：The number dropped from five million in 1960 to 3 million in 1962.地点做主语：China saw a decline in the number of teachers from 1960 in five million to 1962 in three million.描述对象做主语：Increasingly less teachers were in position from 1960 to 1962.趋势做主语：The overall trend tended to indicate the increasingly falling number of teachers from 1960 in five million to 1962 in three million.小作文句子的时态问题：1、对数据的描述：用一般过去时2、图表如是将来情况预测：全用一般现在时3、对图表本身的描述一般现在时小作文6大核心衔接手段1、表示之后then, from then on, next,after that, afterwards,thereafter2、时间词, when …/which is followed by..3、对比adv: but,however, by contrast, on the other hand conj: while, whilst, whereasprep: compared with.../different from.../in contrast to;4、类比similarly/likewise; A similar tendency is...again;5、表示对象As for TV viewers,...As to the other two countries,...6、补充说明in addition, furthermore, moreover,开头段常用句型：The ...chart indicates the number of/ percentage of +题目文字信息The ...chart gives information about + 题目文字信息线图小结：重点：趋势变化1、按趋势连续变化分段描述。
雅思作文笔记
CompositionThese days people pay more attention to artists (writers, painters and so on) and give less importance to science and technology. Do you agree or disagree with this view?Richness is an important factor in helping people. To what extent do you agree or disagree.Often new commercial centers are planed with respect to green areas and sport facilities. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Why?Some countries are providing general education in secondary schools, while others are teaching skills specific to a future career. Which type of education would be a better choice these days, in your opinion?Nowadays some secondary schools give children general education in a range of traditional disciplines, while others claim to be more specialized and pay attention to some particular classes, excluding some general ones. Which of two school types is better for children and why?Some people argue that the fittest and strongest individuals and teams can achieve the greatest success in sports. But other people think the success is much related to the mental attitude. Discuss both views and give your opinion.Some people think that children should obey rules or do what their parents and teachers want them to do, but others think that children controlled too much cannot deal with problems well by themselves. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.Some people think that in the modern society individuals are becoming more dependent on each other，while others say that individuals are becoming more independent of each other. Discuss both views and give your own opinionIndividuals and conuntries can not help everyone who need help in the world, so we should be only concerned about our own communities and countries.Agree or DisagreeA family has a great influence on children's development, but the outside of home play a bigger part in children's life. Do you agree or disagree?Some people believe that advertisements should be banned since they serve no useful purpose and can even be damaging. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Expression:1.it is an indisputable/irrevocable/undeniable/irrefutable fact that2.I once again reaffirm my position/restate my view that3.One of the primary benefits/drawbacks associated with this trend is as follows4.One particular salient example of5.There are valid arguments to the contrary6.There are a variety of different perspectives on7.While some still hold to the conservative view that8.The disappearance or introduction of ......disrupts/contributes the balance and negatively/positively impact upon9.In order to stem the tide of10.There is a widely held perception in many parts of the world that11.Not a single respondent to the survey rated12.In stark contrast/by contrast13.Located at/settle in the apex of14.More/less affluent countries15.-folds16.Prostitution,alcoholism,drug abuseModel：I am not quite agree with the author for the reason that we should estimate a great nation with widespread welfare rather than the rest achievements.Even though we need the nation ensure our daily life as a common wealth style to prevent from breaking down;moreover,both physical and social sciences are the material fundament of our community as well as regulations and masterpieces.To start with,reviewing the forming history of our own,non of all the regime are evolved based on impractical powers;meanwhile if so it would come to inefficient and nonsense.Take the utopia that was concept by Sir Thomas More in 16th centry for example,in which story the author draw a blueprint of a society lying in peace and carefree condition.To be specific,characters lived under a harmony,equal and consummate circumstance there,however ironically due to our selfish,that any of us would be beneficial to ourself lead it to just the reverse .As a matter of fact,this idea could never come true;owing to it is too ideal to be far away from realistic.On the other hand,we indeed need a welfare for a rainy day to protect stabilize a basic standard in our daily life while we are in dilemma.As we know,when we were at low water ,the elemental feature turning out is life level declining.After that we may fall in problem to live on; as a result of that our community go after a social indemnification system in faith to avoid ignorance of poverty and then let them fade out.Inherently we are innate to behavior so impassive as that;instead,we demand for organizing an emergency frame not to spoil the public but to do a favour when some one is in need.To draw a conclusion, I once again reaffirm my position that I'm not quite accordance with the author's idea.how and what I strongly stand up for is as follows :Initially,our nations all set up on material and mental foundation that is why we have to put emphasis on these.while following up reason is our society as an organism,while we look forward to rules to constructure in a proper way and to conduct us in a moral way.As a double edged sword,with respect to its protection and efficiency the idea is good to us in some extent.To sum up,this conception still has defects and will be controversy in the long run. (389words，节选自GRE ISSUE113 "Claim: The surest indicator of a great nation is not the achievements of its rulers, artists, or scientists.Reason: The surest indicator of a great nation is actually the welfare of all ")I am not quite in accordance with the author due to the conception that we should learn the same subjects prior to college years.Even though primary and senior courses are highly alike and similar to one another,education is to look upon past achievements after that meditate innovation ways to solve or interpret the problems.For the reason that everyone could impossibly be uniform,meanwhile different strokes different folks.We persue education for the sake of sculpturing us from different background to apply to variable situations rather than copy and paste labours depend on modals.To unify national curricula is to restrain our adolescent from diversities of maturing so that which perhaps definite as a durance both physically and mentally.We believe in the inherent right that ourselves make options personally and at freedom,in addition actually we based on our factual conditions and interests to make up our mind. Try to reflect on a image as you were forced to filing yourselves into a place out of you capacity, at the same time,where you were definitely not care for .Then repeatedly work on assignments for good,therefore what will you feel about that?Moving onto next step,during that period we are still not able to make head or tail of what will we do and who will we be etc.In anther way what we make decisions on at present would not represent for what we are going to do either now or future,hence,doing such a job is most likely to mislead us into mass.In our childhood our mind always exhale upon the air,since that we may have a big deal of ideal life style to realize.Despite of some of them are seldomly liable to bring into effect,we should preserve all of them instead of break them down.Furthermore even the adult could transfer savour into other aspects as well,for instance,what we call it today job hopping.Although according to what I said above,unify of national curriculum is never tne less beneficial to us.Take the education system as a whole for example,the unification results in itself convenient for government and school to supervisor and operate.Separated courses may lead us to be at a loss to measure or comment on what we have achieved.What's more,otherwise we may divide our limited materials and energy in superfluous items as to have negative influence on necessary academic activities such as reducing obligato fees and so forth.In a nutshell, I once again reaffirm my position that I'm not quite agree with the author's idea.how and what I strongly stand up for is as follows :Initially,our genus set us up to take different tasks so that this is the innate and natural power to choose which field we will be in,while following up reason is we haven't been crystal clear aware of what we will do as well as what we think of could not stand for what we do.As a double edged sword,with respect to its convenience and standard the idea is good to us in some way.To sum up,this conception still has defects and will be controversy in the long term.(510 words，节选自GRE ISSUE6“A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.”)。
雅思小作文笔记
雅思A类小作文（TASK1）笔记Part One Flow Chart流程图注：***表示数字省略! 开始段描述物体的组成<可选>The diagram (illustration) has be made up (mainly consists of ) *** partsThe following diagraph shows the structure of ***The whole procedure (程序) can be divided into *** stagesThe picture illustrates…….It works as follows.结As can be seen from the description, this……is……! 描述过程首先In the first stage / the first stage is to / the first stage involves / to begin with其次After this / in the following stage / at the same time步骤序号 stage *** of the process is / to the ***th stage最后结果 eventually / in the last stage过程细话 at this stage(point) / during / before(after) this / in the course of表示目的 in order (not) to / so as to其它短语 alternative 作为选择的/ otherwise / in addition / at the same timeconcurrent 同时的! 写作方法流程文章：说明做什么工作的过程和目的——准备工作——按时间过程描述——结果——总结<可选>物体器具：实物是什么（用）——结构——工作过程——总结! 必要事项时态一般为现在时被动语态较多尽量描述图中所有信息要用自己的话改写原图中的词语Part Two Writing ways 写作方法! 差额法! 倍数法! 百分法! （同类）比较法Part Three line graph折线, bar chart柱状, pie chart饼图, table表格! 概括图表注：简单描述图表所显示，但不可抄题，必定用现在时***为图表略写According to the *** / From the *** , it can be seen that ……*** indicate / illustrate / outline / describe / unfold / reveal /showcase/ display /reflect显现As an overall trend, it is clear (clear-cut) that......It is clearly (explicitly) shown in the bar chart that ……参考首段结尾句：But what is most surprising is the amount of changeThis , however ,doesn’t appear to have been the case.然而事实并非如此两个对象比较(同图内或多图）The graph compares the.....and....between ...(year) and...(year)the............with..........! 主体段落注：根据内容分层写，一般为2-3段# 结构句式段首：According to the data(figures), ……Since + 年份，……….By + 年份+ In some case, ……事实上过程简写：…….increase…趋势…, through…状态…, finally…趋势…结尾：Overall / In summary / In short / In a word ( nutshell), the chart (data) indicate…… we can see that in....(时间数量)...from ... to...there have been huge positive developments to the......（对象）表达数据从过去到现在的变化大There is a significant trend towards…….. 对于.......而言有个显著的趋势The major conclusion that I’ve drawn using the graph, is that……# 基本词汇1. 表达一般上升（v.—n.）：increase—increase / rise (rose risen)—rise / grow—growth / go up / ascend mount / level up表示缓慢上升：climb表示急剧上升：jump / leap / surge / shoot up / soar / boom- a boom2．表达一般下降：decrease / fall (fell fallen) / drop / go down / decline / descend / be reduce—reduction / level down表示小幅下降：shrink萎缩 / sink (sank sank) 下沉 / dip (dipped)略微下降表示大幅（快速）下降：slump / plunge / dive / plummet3．表达波动fluctuate—fluctuation / go up and down—ups and downs / unstablebetween A and B around C4. 表达变化幅度的adj—advdramatic戏剧性—dramatically sharp—sharply steep过高的—steeply rapid (swift)快速的—rapidly(swiftly) sudden—suddenly steady平稳的—steady slight—slightly significant重要的—significantly gradual逐渐的—gradually immense/ huge/ enormous巨大的—enormously substantial重大的—substantially marked显著的—markedly moderate适度的—moderately minimal最小的—minimally 5. 表达平稳/ 不变（stay / remain）the same / unchanged at ——保持不变（stay / remain）stable (steady) at… / level off / be similar to 保持平稳level out (at) ….——a leveling outmaintain / keep the same level = remain fairly constant 保持相同基本不变maintain sth around…… 保持在….（数值）…附近# 相关句式(不要忘记年份)The …(程度)…number (figure) of n. + v.(单) + adv.The …(程度)…proportion比例 of n. + v.表示两个对象属于同类： A and B follows a similar pattern between …and …(地点) There be a + adj. + n. + in + 主体变化（the number of ——）最高级/比较级主体1 + be +(程度) + as + adj.—common / popular / prevalent… as + 主体2# 语言1．最高/最低值amount to/ reach the highest point / level / degree at ……amount to/ reach the peak / top / zenith / summit / maximum at……reach the lowest point / level / degree at ……reach the bottom at ……2. 排序——be the leading ethnicity / level , followed by ——3. 百分比percentageThe rate (percentage) of 主体 + v.……——occupy + Num + quarter ….占到四分之NumA占B的X% A account for / make(take) up / occupy / consist of X% of B 4. 倍数A是B的N倍 A is N times as much as that in BThe number of n.(复数) in A is N times as much as that in Bn.(复数) in A are N times as many as those in B5. 介词—— increase by + 程度（over 50%）+ from + 数量 + to + 数量A随B上升/下降 A increase / decrease with B# 其他相关词汇短语趋势：trend / tendency / indinationdownward 向下的 upward向上的reach a plateau 经过变化再平稳in the same period 在同一时段compare with 与……相比In / by contrast / on the contrary 恰恰相反Likewise 照样的Meanwhile 同时by + 程度（上升/下降）stand at / reach / represent +数据（不用被动）relatively 相对地respectively分别地following = ensuringtrillion万亿around the level of…… 大概在……水的平reach a conclusion = conclude (v.)expending = costitems = thingsduring the same period = during the perion givenreference (n.) = refer to提到，提及complement for each other互补assist to = help torequirement 要求 n.and *** also witness the same situation ***同样也是这样的情况vice- versa反过来也是如此counterpart同等级别相对应的人或物(代替使用)from the beginning to the end 从开始到结束comprise = includeThat is = I.E（略写）作者： 3G雅思写作版主 zxd2010欢迎您提出建议email: zxd2010@。
环球雅思写作笔记
写作笔记评分标准：一、审题二、描述（主要指小作文，小作文不可以添加任何评论性言语）三、论点、论证能力（大作文的论点控制在2-3个左右）四、清晰的表达能力大作文结构:开头段落（50个字左右）：背景信息（2-3句话）个人观点（个人观点控制在一句话左右，务必简单明确）个人观点分为三种：同意反对中立（完全中立和偏向性中立）主体段落（150个字左右）：2-3个自然段每个自然段：开头第一句话为主题句第二句话至末尾为论述句结尾段落（50个字左右）：suggestion or restatement 建议或者重述(3-4句话) 主流题型：PROBLEM/SOLUTION1、Beginning: Background InformationYour Opinion(概括)Body:问题以及解决方法分别陈列P1 P2 P3 …S1 S2 S3Conclusion: Restatement(重申时不要引出新话题)2、Beginning:同上Body:每个问题各写一段进行详细陈述P1 P2 P3Conclusion:总写解决方案S1 S2 S3例子：课本24页Nowadays, more and more children are becoming obese. Give possible reasons and suggestions.AGREE OR DISAGREE/ADVANTAGE OR DISADVANTAGEBeginning: Background InformationYour Opinion(中立具有偏向性)Body: 三分之一篇幅写与自己相反的观点三分之二篇幅写与自己相同的观点先写反，后写正，中间一行过渡段。
Conclusion: Suggestion例子：课本37页Some people think stricter punishment for driving offenders is the only effective way to improve safety on the roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree?主流话题：年轻人（30102，P6）It is right that university graduates should earn higher salary than less well-educated members. But they should pay all the full cost. To what extent you agree or disagree?女性话题（90 P3）A recent research indicated that the rate of crimes committed by young females has been on the rise all over the world. Please give some possible reasons for this sudden increase in crime rate. Also, make some suggestions on how to deal with this social phenomenon.公众类话题（08奥运，体育91 P3）Last year many famous sports professionals earned millions of dollars each. On the other hand, most people in some “ordinary” professions like nurses, doctors and teachers earn only a small fraction of the incomes of these “start”. What do you think about sports stars receiving very high salaries? Is it fair that people with jobs that directly help people are paid much less?科技类话题（98 P4）传统科技模式与现代科技模式的冲突Some people say that the age of book is over and all information will be presented by video, computer, television, film, etc. However, others think that books and the written words will still be necessary for spreading information and completing education. What is your opinion about this issue?环境类话题（79 P3）Waste disposal presents increasing problems, especially in the urban areas of most big cities. Do you think it is true? Give some suggestions for the government and individuals on how to reduce the amount of rubbish.教育类话题（119 P5）In most universities there are a very small number of male students in certain majors like tourism while females students in many science subjects are hard to be found. Therefore, some people think that universities should enroll equal numbers of male and female students in every subject. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Give your reasons.媒体类话题（30109 P6）The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue?国家类话题（100 P4）(110 P5)Many people think that countries in the world have a moral obligation to help each other, while others argue that financial aid to poor countries is often misspent by the governments that receive it. Discuss both viewpoints and give your opinion.(30106 旅游重点)Nowadays, international tourism is the biggest industry in the world. Unfortunately, international tourism creates tension rather than understanding between people form different cultures. To what extent do you agree or disagree?当一个考题涉及一个事物的两个侧面，写作原则必须是中立带有偏向性的观点。
剑桥雅思6-test1-小作文-折线图学习笔记
剑桥雅思6-test1-小作文题目：The graph below shows the proportion of the population aged 65 and over between 1940 and 2040 in three different countries.Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Write at least 150 words.我写的The line graph compares the proportion of population in three different countries which is 65 and older over a 100year periodover a period of 100 years.It is easy to see in the graph the figures people aged 65 and over in three different countries tend to increase from 1940 to 2040（整个句子：It is easy to see in the graph the figures people aged 65 and over in three different countries tend to increase from 1940 to 2040）, While Japan is expected to show the most drastic fluctuation.（未来的数字，用预测的被动）In 1940, Japan had the lowest rates of population aged 65 and over at 5%, while the figure for the USA was twice as Japan. And in Sweden, the number was around 7%. Until 2030, the number of Japanese elderly people is expected to stand at 10%. However, in contrast to the figures for the other countries（与其他国家的数字相比）, the number of Japan will have a considerable rise for the next 10 years.In 2040, the figure for the proportion of population aged 65 and over will be expected to go beyond 23% in all countries mentioned in the graph. Old people in Japan stand at about 28%, which is the highest rate compared to the USA and Sweden.新东方-高分范文：The graph shows the increase in the ageing population in Japan, Sweden and the USA. It indicates that the percentage of elderly people in all three countries is expected to increase to almost 25% of the respective populations by the year 2040.In 1940 the proportion of people aged 65 or more stood at only 5% in Japan, approximately 7% in Sweden and 9% in the US. However, while the figures for the Western countries grew tobefore rising to almost 5% again at the present time.In spite of some fluctuation in the expected percentages, the proportion of older people will probably continue to increase in the next two decades in the three countries. A more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 in Japan, by which time it is thought that the proportion of elderly people will be similar in the three countries.Simon版本范文：The line graph compares the percentage of people（proportion of the population的同义替换）aged 65 or more（over同义替换）in three countries over a period of 100 years（小作文中描述图表涉及的年段就用这个表述，背诵）It is clear that（小作文概览段句型）the proportion of elderly people increases in each country between 1940 and 2040. Japan is expected to see the most dramatic changes in its elderly population.In 1940, around 9% of Americans（知道具体国家人的称呼的时候可以替换国家名词）were aged 65 or over, compared to about 7% of Swedish people and 5% of Japanese people. The proportions of elderly people in the USA and Sweden rose gradually over the next 50 years, reaching just under 15%（表示仅仅少一点）in 1990. By contrast, the figures for Japan remained below 5% until the early 2000s.Looking into the future, a sudden increase in the percentage of elderly people is predicted for Japan, with a jump of over 15% in just 10 years from 2030 to 2040（日本的老年人口比例被预测突然增加突然增加，从2030年到2040年的短短10年时间里，比例将增长15%以上）. By 2040, it is thought that around 27% of the Japanese population will be 65 years old or more, while the figures for Sweden and the USA will be slightly lower, at about 25% and 23% respectively（而瑞典和美国的数字则略低，分别约为25%和23%）.积累：第一段（改写）：小作文中描述图表涉及的一段时间：over a period of 100 years第二段：第一句句型：It is clear that图表中超过三类：in each country，in three countries表示整体趋势是剧烈的增长：see the most dramatic changes数据段：直接描述数据，句子太短则用compare对比其他类别的数据：around 9% of Americans were aged 65 or over，compared to about 7% of Swedish people and 5% of Japanese people.表述剧烈的百分比增长：a sudden increase in the percentage of elderly people is predicted for Japan在一段时间内持续缓慢增长，然后在某一年到达了一个数字：rose gradually over the next 50 years，reaching just under 15% in 1990直到某个时候一直低于某一数字：the figures for Japan remained below 5% until the early 2000sabout 25% and 23% respectively.表示（未来）一段时间内的突然增加（从什么年代到什么年代），从什么数字到什么数字，：a sudden increase in the percentage of elderly people is predicted for Japan, with a jump of over 15% in just 10 years from 2030 to 2040水字数必备短语：与其他国家的数字相比：in contrast to the figures for the other countries图表中有未来的年代，描述未来的第一句：Looking into the future具体数字前面的形容词：不太确定，大概数字：around，approximately，almost，about，nearly表示只有：just over，only多：over，further，少：under，below其他：比例的同义替换：percentage of people，proportion of the population老人的同义替换：elderly people，elderly population进行比较的连接词：while，by contrast，表示未来的数据：it is thought that，is predicted for Japan ，is expected to see the most dramatic changes折线图：关于结构：第一段：第二段：概述段用一般现在时图表中如果有未来的数据，则用“预测”的被动。
雅思小作文必背
小作文课程课堂笔记（须背诵）Task1 : 20 150+30 说明文图表TA: task achievement:对于任务的完成情况1.Summarise the information.总体描写2.Select and report the main features.具体描写3.Make comparisons where relevant.分析对比总分（总）6图表数据图：4：实质：描写数据总：总体描写一句话三要素：题目找1.描写对象：full-time teachers2.数据形式：number3.时间：1960-1990Graph: chart, diagramShow: illustrate, describe, demonstrate数据形式:1.量：the number/ amount of 对象（单位）2.百分比：the proportion/ percentage of 对象This line chart demonstrates the number of full-time teachers (in millions) in China’s regular schools over a period of 30 years from 1960 to 1990.This line chart illustrates the proportion of population aged 65 and over in three different countries, namely Japan, Sweden and the USA over a period of 100 years from 1940 to 2040.首段第二句：overview1.图形中出现了total/all这类的项目：C7T4t12.一条线或者多线同趋势：总趋势3.可作对比的两饼：总体分组情况的说明This line chart demonstrates the number of full-time teachers (in millions) in China’s regular schools over a period of 30 years from 1960 to 1990. In total, it can be obviously seen that the quantity of these educators increased throughout the whole period.It is obvious/clear/apparent thatFluctuate v.Fluctuation n.波动！中间段写作基本方法：1.跟时间推移有关换曲线：2.跟时间推移无关换饼状：按照曲线的变化趋势（升降平）划分具体区间。
7分雅思作文笔记和作文模版
段落连接词It is generally acknowledged that…, Evidence suggests that… ,Unquestionably, Undoubtly, There is a widespread belief that…B2转折However Nonetheless NeverthelessB2缺点(advantage & disadvantage) On the minor side On the weak side On the down sideB2递进Beyond that In addition Additionally句子连接词对比论证whereas while unlike similarly likewise因果the first reason is that , another possibility is that , there may be another contributing element at work因in view of , due to , owing to , given that果in that case , the result has been that ,accordingly , as a consequence , ...resulting in/causing举实例并列与递进第2个beyond that/apart from that , additionally/in addition to that 第3个on top of that , one further point is that , much more important is that , what is worse , furthermore/what is more举例连接句子It is explained by the fact that , Namely（即，也就是）, For instance/example举例连接名词…(…) , like… , Taking,,,as an example主从It is surprising/evident/apparent/known to all that , It appears that疑问词主导how to communicate with kids is highly concerned表从to do, doing同位语从句倒装句not only…but also , Not only does she…,but also she…让步状从Old as she is,…原因&solutions模版Unquestionably, the causes related to the problem are diverse.In this essay, I will analyse some possible causes and the corresponding solutions.It is acknowledged to all that…is the root factor of the phenomenon.It is often seen currently that…Beyond that, there are some objective causes associated with the social phenomenon.In light of above reasons, measures should be taken to combat the situation.Priority should be given to…. Additionally.Only under this circumstance can social harmony be achieved step by step.Discuss both views模版Evidence suggests that …However, critics make an objective statement, pointing out that …As far as I am concerned, we should find the right balance between …/From my point of view, it largely depends on…. …are both essential.Advantages & Disadvantages 模版It can be argued that the advantages of … are enormous.Nonetheless, the downsides of ….can not be neglected图表作文a tiny fraction of , a large pool of24fold as large asScore= 20图表类模版The existing line graph/table/pie chart(s) indicate(s) the data collection about…Analyzing the data, we can find that there is a sharp upward trend in/there is a rise in diversity on/a gentle increment in diversity is displayed in terms ofSurvey results in the remaining … release a different picture, upward tendency.大约approximately , roughly , around , under , less than , below ,above , over占有corner the absolute lion’s share（when referring to…），occupy the vast majority, account for , make up ,constitute老人senior citizens/group/generation , the old folks , aged/elderly/graying people人citizens , dwellers ,inhabitants , residents , people aged年轻人teenager ,adolescent , youngster , junior group/generation , young guys中年人adult ,middle-aged people ,grownups用(能源) deplete，utilize , be used for, be applicable to , consume , apply…for… ,application , operate 投资launch , fund , invest ,charge ,expend费用spending , expense ,cost ,outlay环境emit , release , give out , send out移民immigrate , migrate , migration, immigrant , quality British citizenshipsettle down , original continent/country/nationality学历sb qualityfying… , with/hold…qualificationscertify ,train , empowerilliterate ,literate ,well-taught拥有have, hold , possess ,own ,keep就业work , serve, more into , hire ,employ ,recruit薪水payment , salary , income , financial incentive花时间consume , less leisure time毕业graduate , complete tertiary education , leave school旅游be on a visit to , have a tour to , go sightseeing , have a tour/trip to , tour sp本土local , native , domestic , indigenous国外foreign , overseas , exotic游客tourist , traveler , visitor, people travelling共性regard/view/consider … as …Popular/popularity , attract , draw , appeal to , eye-catching , attractive , fascinated , absorbed Enjoy , prefer , be fond of , be crazy/passionate about , be enthused , show prevalence forFocus on , care about , pay more attention , top concern将来时be expected/projected/predicted/forecasted to , It is estimated that , An estimated … until评价性图表respondent, people interviewed, answerer , intervieweequestionnaire, poll ,service result, samplesay /feel/ believe/ mention/express their ideavalue greatly , speak highly of , approve , make desirable statement , give an indication of appreciation oflook down upon , disapprove , make biased/undesirable statementthe same answer is cited/given by , the ‘…’ reply was given by , the dominant/majority idea raised by…is that , similarly, but at a lower level评价类模版Response to question 1 concerns…The dominant idea , raised by … is that … is superb.In answer to the final question about …..,a distinguished viewpoint is identified.词汇整理Caravane 旅行车环境Human activity impact , off-road vehicle use越野车racing car , farming activities, irrigation灌溉drainage排水sewage , dust storm(snowstorm, thunderstorm) , rivers of flooding, soil erosion, tsunami海啸typhoon台风tornado ,biodegradable生物可降解,biodiversity生物多样性。
雅思新东方写作笔记整理
一、概括：1.写作考试介绍：Time: 60mins 20mins TASK1 150words40mins TASK2 250words2.考试题型：TASK1Process 和Introduction 题目罕见出现。
TASK2I. DiscussEg: 2005年7月9日Some people think the government should pay for health care and education, but other people do not think it the government’s responsibility. Discuss both and give your opinion.II. Advantages and DisadvantagesEg: 2005年5月14日Some school leavers go to travel or work for a period of time instead of going directly to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages for their studies?III. Agree or DisagreeEg: 2005年6月25日People think that the news media has influenced people’s lives nowadays, and it is a negative development. To what extent do you agree or disagree?IV. Your OpinionEg: 2005年3月5日Some academic subjects are useful for children’s future career while others such as music and sports are not so useful. What is your opinion. Give your reasons.V. Problem, Reasons and SolutionsEg: 2005年1月22日Statistics suggest that nowadays an increasing number of crimes are committed by the young people. Explain the reasons for this and give solutions.二、小作文解析（T ASK 1）：1．通用格式：⑴OPENING—1SENTENCE--- A. Paraphrase 5W& B. Overall trendⅠ.Line phasesⅡ.Pie classificationⅢ.Bar the gap between A&Be.g. The graphs and charts tell us a clear overview of the characteristics and trends of……It can be seen from the table that…..详细见白书P6/下，“Referable IELTS Writing opening &writing”●RULE 1：A.不可以抄题目B.不可以写“According to ….”，只能写“In that figure….”C.不可以写“below/following”D.不可以写“that/this”E.第一段不出现数据⑵ENDING--- 1SENTENCE--- A. Repetition / FeatureB. Hidden characteristics(查找图表等中的隐性特质)e.g. What is worth mentioning is that since the overall percentages exceeded100%.It can be indicated that some adults chose several seasons forstudy.C. Exception (All rise, with the exception of A, a decline by…..) 拿高分的同位语D. No ending (多可爱的结尾啊，当然前提是字数够了)⑶BODY --- 6-8SENTENCES A. 整体趋势：分阶段描述（白书P7）e.g. The number of marriage in Scotland fell very sharply between 1960 and 1970, andcontinued to decline until around 1985 though at a slower rate. From 1985onwards there was a gradual increase in the number of marriage which leveled offin 1984.B．导入数据方式：整体趋势+数字（白书P8）●RULE 2：A.不可以有Objective (主观意见)B.不可以出现“cause\therefore\thus\hence”C.不可以用“I/We”等D.用TIME（时间）做主语会有高分e.g. The past decade saw/witnessed a dramatic/moderate/gentle increase of sth.白书P11/ Recite increase n / a.b.c●RULE 3: CAREFULB．用1分钟—看Rubric、X/Y轴、单位、图例、排列顺序。
雅思小作文笔记(个人整理内容最全)
文章结构：Introduction, 1-2 sentences, rewrite the questionBody1, 1+X sentences, 第一句总体概括，X句具体介绍数字Body2, 1+X sentences, 第一句总体概括，X句具体介绍数字Conclusion, 1-2 sentences, 第一句介绍总数（可不写）；第二句做总结。
开头段：1-2句，转述原题转述原题3法：①添加单词②删除单词③替换单词（注意：改动不需过多，3-4处，即可）原题一句变两句，两句变一句。
全部改写，要保证语法、句型的正确性。
开头段的时态：永远一般现在时【原文】The table shows the results of a survey in 2004 which asked undergraduate and postgraduate students of a UK university whether they were satisfied with the facilities at the university.【改写】The diagram gives a breakdown（明细表）about different attitudes among undergraduate and postgraduate students towards equipments of a UK college in the year 2004.【原文】The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualifications in America and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.改后：The bar chart illustrates the diverse levels of post-school certificates in the US and the percentage of males and females holding them in 1999.Level out (变得水平；持平)Example: In 1985, earnings leveled out amongst people with a Master’s degree and with a Doctoral degree.句型、词汇、短语：As shown in the first/second …….. ,According to the …….. ,Overall, it can be seen thatThis table shows a striking difference/similarity betweenThe most striking feature of the graph is the sudden increase in the popularity in the computer games.Another fact worth noticing in the graph is that …….后面接完整的句子如果要跟名词不加thatAnother fact worth noticing in the graph is the high cost of fuels.The most remarkable point is that …….The graph shows the difference between the percentages注意用复数of males and females doing full-time jobs.在表示百分数时可以用percent或percentage percentage的一个意思就是百分比(名词)就不能直接跟在数词后面,要表示"百分之36"时,只能说"a PERCENTAGE of 36" 而不是"36 PERCENTAGE"(因为percentage只能作名词);前者用法是: 数词+percent+of+sth;这时后面谓语的单复数以percent后面跟的主语为主,例如:2 percent of the apples(这里是复数的可数名词) are(所以用复数) eaten.2 percent of the apple(这里是单数,指的是一个苹果的一部分) is(用单数) eaten.2 percent of the water(这里是不可数名词) is(单数) drunk.后者的用法是The percentage of +sth+ is, 注意这里不管后面跟的是什么词,都用is(这里忽略别的时态)1.The percentage of the students is 46.2.The percentage of the water is 46.The size of the population will increase shaply in the future..75.6 percent of the male population over sixteen ... …16岁以上男性人群的75.6％.A small/large proportion of students are ……..In Britain people spent the smallest amount of money on personal + sth.大量 a large/considerable/substantial number of 可数 a large/considerable/substantial amount of不可数少量 a small/limited/tiny number of a few of a small/limited/tiny amount of a little ofLots of /a lot of /plenty of 即可用于可数也可用于不可数过去一段时间内的情况变化，用过去式。
雅思小作文笔记
线图：例：Direction: You should spend no more than 20 minutes on this task.The graph contains information about the price in US dollars ofa barrel ofoil from 1995 with predictions to 2015.Summarize the main features and make comparisons where relevant.开头段：转述原题+时态永远是一般现在时■改变关键词的词性■改变关键词的位置a 同义词替代■灵活加入图表中的其它文字信息The graph provides information about the changes of crude oil price per barrel in US dollars since 1995 and predicts the tendency of the oil price till 2015.开头段常用词汇：Thegraph/the chart/theline graph shows …The graph give past and future dataconcerning …Thegraph demonstratestrends in/an overview of/trends in . …Shows: indicates/ unfolds/ displays/ reveals/ reflects/ relates/ illustrates/ demonstrates/ describes/depicts/portray/outlines/ provide an overview of…例：The graphs below show the enrolments of overseas students and local students in Britain's universities.The graphs provide information about the proportions of overseas students and local students enrolled in Britain's Universities from 1989 to 1999.主体部分1+X句：第一句总结总体趋势，之后分步描述(起点，极值，终点)。
雅思写作笔记
1.把more and more了；换成a growing number of..2.inevitable。
不可避免。
3.should/would/could/may/might；语气比较委婉，不会很肯定，显的谦虚；其次，可以不考虑动词的形式4.physically beneficial身体健康；副词+形容词的表达方式，比较好看，5.worldwide/globly/internationally famous 举世闻名6.convenient&efficient 方便、高效7.enrich lifestyle 丰富生活8.environmentlly friendly（副词修饰形容词）绿色环保9.physically harmful/detrimental 危害健康10.negative impact on the youth 危害青少年11.Insecurity of information 信息不安全12.开头方法一：background【controversy (2 different/opposite ideas)】i.As/Being a controversial issue，。
作为有争议的问题。
ii.Now days，the issue on。
is highly debatable and ideas vary from person to person。
不同的人有不同的观点。
（不要用different people 。
）iii.Some would claim 。
，while some others may suggest。
一些人认为。
另一些人认为。
iv.Some would claim。
，while the idea。
is still held by some others。
Idea倒装，句子更好看。
(不能用some。
the other。
这样只有两种可能性，太绝对。
)13.5个常用单词的替代Think →claim / suggest / believe / advocate / maintain / supposeGood →beneficial / profitable / helpful / sound / decent / positiveBad →harmful / detrimental / hazardous / negativeAdvantage →merit / virtue / benefit / profit / proDisadvantage →demerit / drawback / flaw / shortcoming / con / cost14.few 0-1 几乎没有 A few 一些，不多Several 若干15.赞成某个观点。
雅思写作 整理笔记
▪The graphs describe units of electricity production by fuel source, including coal, oil, natural gas, hydropower and nuclear power, in Australia and France between 1980 and 2000.▪In Australia, coal power in 2000 was 2.6 times as many as in 1980, 50 units. The units of oil and natural gas dropped sharply from 10 in 1980 to 2 and 20 in 1980 to 2 respectively. Hydropower in 2000 (36 units) was 0.8 times more than in 1980.▪In France, coal produced the same units of 25 in 1980 and 2000, while oil generated 25 units in 2000, 5 unites more than in 1980. Natural gas decreased 11.5 times, from 25 to 2. Hydropower in 1980 was 2.5 times more than in 2000, 2 units in total. Clearly, France witnessed more than 8 times increase in nuclear power, from 15 units to 126.▪As can be seen from the charts, 130 in 170 units of total production was made by coal in Australia, while 126 in 180 units went to nuclear power in France.▪剑七▪In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamb and chicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish were consumed (just over 50 grams)▪However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 50 grams respectively. The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable. ▪The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.▪Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.宁柏宇：剑四p100Introduction 改写题目The line chart +v. + _____，and _____are v-ed in the bar chart。
雅思小作文笔记
生词：1.The given/provided sth.2.There are several steps in theprocess from the initial…to thefinal…3.iron bucket/wooden top 4.大作文的预测：Task1: 小店被大超市取代，人们不得不驾车去购物？好处大于坏处吗？--环境类/社会类坏处：1.造成交通堵塞(trafficjam/congestion/burden; roadcrowdedness)环境造成负面影响(pose/exert/bring a negativeimpact on…)—大气污染(airpollution/contamination/poisoning)3.消耗(exhaust/run out/consume/consumption)自然资源4.不得不建设(build/establish/construct)停车场(parkinglot/spaces)好处：1.省时(time-efficient)省精力(energy-efficient)(rich/abundant/diverse/sufficient)，选择性更广(a wider of range of options)—可以一次性买大量的生活必需品(dailynecessities/items)Cost-efficient: a.省钱的2.大超市的物品的质量(qualify)更加有保障(guarantee/ensure: vt.)让步式：Task2:早期的科技发展给人们的生活带来的好于时代的特定情况1.以前的(original/primitive/initial /former/early)科技(technological)发展(development/improvement/ advance/innovation/progress/ progression/headway)对当时的人们的生活带来了很多的便利和改变(bring numerous benefits and changes to people’s life)。
IELTS小作文重点内容小结 2
饼图数据表达：takes upmakes upaccounts forconstitutesoccupiescomprisecoversshares饼图常用句型表达Food and drink occupied comparatively a majority of the average weekly expenditure with 26%.The percentage that was taken by food and drink was 26%26％of the weekly expenditure was shared by food and drink.There is 26% of the weekly expenditure that was used for food and drink.饼图信息组织常用模型：模型一：A andB covered comparatively the largest..., with% and %. However/On the other hand,C andD accounted for a small..., with % altogether. The remaining % and % were shared byE and F.模型二：It is not surprising that the largest component is A, which accounts for %. B is the nextlargest..., taking up%. And the rest part was shared by C, with %饼图文章基本模型：The pie chart depicts the proportion of _______.It consists of ______segments，the largest one representing____, which accounts for _____ of the total. ____ takes up________, becoming the second largest (smallest) one. The remaining___and ___were shared by_____.It can be seen from the chart that_______.表格和柱图的转化：表格变饼图柱图变饼图或线图流程示意图：这种图形考的比重很少，但是为了以防万一，在这里还是给大家补充一篇流程图的衔接和写作注意要点，希望各位亲要认真读完，万一考到这种图也会心慌啊！！巧克力的制作题目:WRITING TASK 1You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.The illustrations above show how chocolate is produced. Summaries the information by selecting and reporting the main features.【高分范文深度解析】The diagram shows the stages in the process of making chocolate.【所有的小作文第一句话都要用一般现在时。
雅思小作文必背词句摘抄方法
雅思小作文必背词句摘抄方法一、五方面入手1.开头句型好的开头可以吸引读者的注意力，为全文打下基础。
可以摘抄一些常用的开头句型，如“In this essay, I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of…”，“The importance of…cannot be overstated.”等。
2.描述图表或数据在雅思小作文中，经常需要描述图表或数据。
可以摘抄一些常用的描述图表或数据的句型，如“The graph/chart/table below presents…”，“According to the data/statistics…”，“The figure/percentage/number…indicates/reveals…”。
3.对比观点在雅思小作文中，经常需要对比不同观点。
可以摘抄一些常用的对比观点的句型，如“Some1people believe that…，while others argue that…”，“On the one hand,…，on the other hand,…”。
4.总结段落好的总结可以让人更好地理解文章的主要内容。
可以摘抄一些常用的总结句型，如“In conclusion,…”，“In summary,…”。
5.结尾句型好的结尾可以让人印象深刻。
可以摘抄一些常用的结尾句型，如“In conclusion,…”，“In summary,…”。
二、摘抄词句时需要注意3点：1.选择符合自己写作风格的句型，不要盲目追求复杂和华丽。
2.注意句子的语法和拼写，确保句子正确无误。
3.在摘抄的过程中，可以适当地加入自己的理解和观点，使摘抄的句子更加符合自己的写作需求。
2。
雅思小作文写法笔记
雅思小作文写法笔记一、审题注意三方面1.绝大部分小作文正文断都是用过去时，比较过去的数据（流程图，跨越过去将来的图型除外）2.要判断好基本的主语+谓语3.题目（大小标题）比图型重要二、首段稍微改写下题目1. 主动句式改法：一般只改动谓语动词,常用compare, give information about, provide/present an overview of, introduce, illustrate2.被动句式写法：In the chart above, …are compared/introduced/given information about……什么国家、城市+什么年代时间。
三、正文段:According to ..., 写好抬头句（总体情况，主题句）: 时间抬头, 地点(国家, 城市) 抬头, 总量抬头, 总趋势抬头, 类别抬头+最明显特征/最大值+数据处理两种办法--最大值…., followed by…第2,3大, In contrast 或while +最小值/ (最大值+in comparison to 最小值+besides which+其他数据/)四、正文内容注意遵循英国人雅思思维原则:从总到分从最受欢迎到不受欢迎从上升/上涨到下降从最大值到最小值从最主要特征到不重要特征常用上升,下降,占多少比率和介词用法Increase, rise (rose, risen), grow, soar, rocket, surge, experience/enjoy/show/ witness the increasing tendency/trend, Decrease, decline, fall, slump, drop, experience/suffer /show/ witness the decreasing tendency/trend,Account for, constitute, makeup, take up,By, at, to杜绝使用reduce, occupy和被动语态五、结尾段:对准题目,做总的轮廓总结/抓出最主要特征/纵向总结/横向总结/补充说明上面一个要点(What is worth mentioning is that…/It is interesting to note that..)。
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下降
动词：fall to/ decrease to/ dip to/ drop to / go down to/ slumped to
名词：a fall in/ a decline in/a decrease in/ a slump in/ a reduction in
线图：
例：Direction: You should spend no more than 20 minutes on this task.
The graph in US dollars of a barrel of oil from 1995 with predictions to 2015.
最高点
Peak at/ reach the highest point of
主体段常用词汇：
第1句话
a) The overall trend/ general trend indicate that …
b) There is an overall +某种趋势的名词
第2句话之前
To be more exact = more exactly
To be more precise= more precisely
分步描述（起点+极值+终点）：
Pricesstarted attwenty US dollars a barrel during 1995, and then rose slightly to approximately twenty-four dollars in 1998.
The cost of a barrel then dropped for two years, to thelowest pointof about eighteen dollars during 2000. After that, there was a steady price rise, reaching about fifty dollars a barrel in 2006.
Summarize the main features and make comparisons where relevant.
开头段：转述原题+时态永远是一般现在时
改变关键词的词性
改变关键词的位置
同义词替代
灵活加入图表中的其它文字信息
The graph provides information about the changes of crude oil price per barrel in US dollars since 1995 and predicts the tendency ofthe oil price till 2015.
This was followed by a dramatic climb to one hundred dollars in 2009, and after that, the datacontinue to rise but slightly, finally reaching thehighest pointof 130 by 2015.
To be more specific = more specifically
上升
动词：rise to/ increase to/ go up to/ climb to
名词：a rise in/ an increase in/a growth in/ an upward trend in/ a boom in
例：The graphs below show the enrolments of overseas students and local students in Britain’s universities.
The graphs provide information about the proportions of overseas students and local students enrolled in Britain’s Universities from 1989 to 1999.
急剧下降：plummet / plunge
速度快
Sharp/ dramatic/ drastic/ rapid/ steep
缓慢
Gradual/ steady/ gentle/ slow
波动
Fluctuate around/ a fluctuation in
稳定在
Level off at/ level out at/ stabilize at/ remain constant/ remain steady at
开头段常用词汇：
The graph / the chart / the line graph shows …
The graph give past and future data concerning…
The graph demonstrates trends in/ an overview of/ trends in …
主体部分1+X句：第一句总结总体趋势，之后分步描述（起点，极值，终点）。
总体趋势：
Overall, oil prices increased by nearly four hundred percent from 1995 to 2010, with the most dramatic increase in the three years from 2006 to 2010 andthis rise ispredictedto continue into the future.
Shows: indicates/ unfolds/ displays/ reveals/ reflects/ relates/ illustrates/ demonstrates/ describes/ depicts/ portray/ outlines/ provide an overview of…