Children'senvironmental_healthclimatechangePPT课件
(更新版)最新国家开放大学电大《人文英语3》网络核心课形考网考作业及答案
（更新版）最新国家开放大学电大《人文英语3》网络核心课形考网考作业及答案100%通过考试说明：2018年秋期电大把《人文英语3》网络核心课纳入到“国开平台”进行考核，它共有八次单元自测。
针对该门课程，本人汇总了该科所有的题，形成一个完整的标准题库，并且以后会不断更新，对考生的复习、作业和考试起着非常重要的作用，会给您节省大量的时间。
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单元自测 1一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。
（每题10分）题目1—Do you have much experience with caring for babies? ______选择一项：A. Yes, I do. I often take care of kids in my free time.题目2—It's raining so heavily outside. I'm terribly anxious about my son's safety. ______选择一项：C. Don't worry about him. He will come back safe and sound.题目3Young people ______ 62% of University teaching staff.选择一项：A. comprise题目4We often compare children ______ flowers.选择一项：B. to题目5We consider it necessary ______ Tom should improve his behavior.选择一项：B. that题目1—How do you feel about your family life? ______题目2—Ken did badly in his math test. I'm terribly worried about the result. ______选择一项：C. Come on. It isn't the end of the world.题目3It is said that ______ 2000 factories were closed down during the economic crisis.选择一项：B. approximately题目4He asked me ___________ Zhang Hua came to school or not.选择一项：B. whether题目5Lily is a good student except ________ she is a little bit careless.一项：C. that题目1—Our son has picked up some bad habits recently, and I am really worried about it. _____ 选择一项：B. Cheer up. I believe he will overcome it.题目2—Ken did badly in his math test. I'm terribly worried about the result. _____选择一项：C. Come on. It isn't the end of the world.题目3The birth rate of the country decreases ______ with years.选择一项：C. progressively题目4This movie is ________ that one.选择一项：I want to know________ .选择一项：C. what his name is题目1—How do you feel about your family life? ______选择一项：B. Not bad. I think it is a good choice to be a full-time mother.题目2—It's raining so heavily outside. I'm terribly anxious about my son's safety. ______选择一项：C. Don't worry about him. He will come back safe and sound.题目3Tom won the first prize of oral English contest, which is beyond his ______.选择一项：C. expectation题目4This movie is ________ that one.选择一项：B. as interesting as题目5Young people ______ 62% of University teaching staff.选择一项：A. comprise二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分）Most couples who get married or decide to live together generally plan to have children. Several years ago, people thought that having big families was common and this was seen as an advantage. That was mainly because children began working at an early age to help provide for the family. But with the changing times and with the cost of living getting higher every single year, having a big family is no longer considered to be a practical option. In fact, more couples consider that they have only one child and some do not have any desire to become parents at all.According to the Australian Institute of Family Studies, by 1986, women aged 40 to 44 years, were considerably more likely to have given birth to two children than three children (36% vs. 27%) or four or more children (19%). However, taken together,in the most recent period (38% vs. 25% in 1996; 38% vs. 22% in 2006). These days, most families in Australia have two children. But the number of women who had given birth to a single child increased progressively from only 8% in 1981 to 13% in 2006.The U.S. Census Bureau states that there are approximately 14 million only children in America today. This comprises 20% of the children's population compared to only 10% around fifty years ago.操作提示：通过题干后的下拉框选择题目的正确答案。
2024届高考英语第一轮专项复习时事热点试题抢分秘籍之环保主题(附答案)
2024届高考英语第一轮专项复习时事热点试题抢分秘籍之环保主题一．完形填空（共2小题）1．Laura encourages her two kids to make crafts and drawings from old bits of packaging.She began（1） her family 's waste when she moved house and decided that she would leaveall single﹣ use（2） behind."It's cheaper and you know that the item will（3） being used instead of being set aside—so it's just perfect!Each of us play a big（4） in taking care of theenvironment.It's（5） to try to help rather than just keep complaining about the current situation."Any glass container is（6） and repurposed for something else.This means that thefamily only send a piece of（7） to landfill every two weeks on average.She tries not to buyany plastic at all，but when she has to，she will get it（8） washed and recycled.The family also grow their own tomatoes，lettuce，and some other vegetables in thegarden，and have orange trees ura has also（9） herself in a community offriends who（10） items with each other that they need，like furniture or plates.She said，" We tried to（11） the minimum and take over some toys and babyequipment from friends and relatives.If we really had to（12） anything，first we tried atthe（13） market."To help educate her kids，Laura takes them out on nature walks to the forest where they（14） rubbish as they go." They enjoy this（15） ，because they know it 's better for the environment."she said.（1）A．consideringB．reducing C．analyzing D．dividing （2）A．pots B．handles C．items D．collections（3）A．continue B．stop C．fancy D．delay（4）A．game B．lead C．match D．role（5）A．original B．enjoyable C．cautious D．normal（6）A．paid back B．left out C．washed up D．taken awayB．furniture C．glass D．rubbish （7）A．equipmentC．modestly D．accidentally （8）A．thoroughly B．delightedlyB．found C．exposed D．buried （9）A．devoted（10）A．occupy B．trade C．discuss D．clarify（11）A．refuse B．value C．book D．consume（12）A．purchase B．discover C．approach D．preserveD．life﹣longC．second﹣hanB．duty﹣free（13）A．far﹣awayd（14）A．pull out B．pick up C．hold back D．keep off（15）A．activity B．exercise C．theme D．jungle 2．Pangolins（穿山甲）are the world's most heavily poached（偷猎）mammal.And three out of four Asian pangolin species are critically（1） now﹣heavy demands for theirmeat.scales，and blood have（2） them with extinction.Growing up near Cuc Phuong National Park in Vietnam's Red River Delta，Thai Van Nguyen had been accustomed to seeing dead pangolins.（3） ，everything changed when he witnessed his neighbor killing a baby pangolin.It was then that his（4） to save pangolins was ignited .And he knew the biggest（5） would be shifting the mindset and habits of the Vietnamese people.To change the fate of the pangolins，Nguyen set out to（6） the public on the importance of pangolin conservation.His efforts（7） a series of outreach and education campaigns：he published research in er﹣reviewed journals，attended international workshops，and developed Vietnam's first reintroduction and tracking programme for pangolins.Then Nguyen founded Vietnam's first Asian Pangolin Rehabilitation Center.So far it has managed to（8） and release nearly 500 pangolins and has（9） to rescue other species like turtles.In 2018，Nguyen（10） his work，creating Vietnam's first﹣ever anti﹣poaching unit，which has destroyed 9，701 animal traps，and arrested 558 people for poaching ﹣leading to a significant（11） in illegal activities in Vietnam.Nguyen devotes his life to（12） pangolins，bringing global awareness of pangolins'（13） .He hopes his deeds will bring pangolins back to their rightful place in the forest. "It's my greatest joy that I can really make a（14） ，he said.And it is this devotion that（15） won him the Goldman Environmental Prize for grassroots activism in 2021.（1）A．significant B．endangered C．valuable D．dangerous（2）A．threatened B．associated C．matched D．compared（3）A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Nevertheless D．Moreover（4）A．potential B．courage C．ability D．passion（5）A．possibility B．challenge C．goal D．risk（6）A．instruct B．consult C．serve D．prepare（7）A．applied to B．counted on C．took up D．began with （8）A．trap B．farm C．restore D．relieve（9）A．expanded B．reduced C．hurried D．turned（10）A．scheduled B．continued C．suspended D．developed（11）A．advance B．result C．revival D．decline（12）A．seeking B．raising C．freeing D．studying（13）A．sufferings B．contributionsC．sacrifices D．experiences （14）A．fortune B．difference C．living D．choice（15）A．particularly B．primarily C．naturally D．eventually 二．阅读理解（共12小题）3．For the critically endangered Irrawaddy dolphin，fishing equipment is a deadly threat to their lives.In Indonesia's Mahakam River，two﹣thirds of dolphin deaths in the past 25 years were drownings caused by being trapped in fishing nets.Now a relatively inexpensive andpractical electronic device known as Pinger shows promise for preventing dolphins frombecoming trapped.These underwater noisemakers have been used to protect various marine life，but this is the first time they've been proven effective at protecting freshwater dolphins.The small sound device，about the size of a banana，is attached to a fishing net and sends out a pulsing noise（脉冲噪声）that annoys the dolphins but doesn't harm them.Dolphins are capable of avoiding the nets，being scared of trying to seize fish from them，and can therefore feed and swim more safely in their habitat.Fishers' nets，meanwhile，sustain less damage and this can make fishers control the cost.Pingers are lucrative to fishers' livelihoods.A six﹣month study，led by conservation organization Yayasan Konservasi RASI and supported by WWF，recently revealed that fishers who used the devices saw a 40% increase in their daily catch—an additional 350 to 500 pounds of fish—and tended to catch larger fish，thus increasing their profits.Approximately 80 Irrawaddy dolphins live in the Mahakam River.Small populations are found in the Mekong and Ayeyarwady rivers，where，in addition to being trapped by the fishingnets，they're impacted by the worsening habitat，unsustainable fishing practices，as well as water pollution.During the study，the reduction in dolphin bycatch was significant.100% of participating fishers kept using the devices after the trial ended，which proves that the action of using the device to protect dolphins from being harmed or killed is becoming effective.（1）Why is the undewater sound device applied？ A.To examine the health of dolphins.B.To scare fish away from dolphins.C.To decrease noise around dolphins.D.To keep dolphins safe from fishing nets.（2）What does the second paragraph mainly talk about？ A.Pinger's efficiency.B.Pinger's working principle.C.Pinger's limitations.D.Pinger's working conditions.（3）What does the underlined word "lucrative" in paragraph 3 mean？ A.Sensitive.B.Familiar.C.Risky.D.Beneficial.（4）What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？ A.Further research will be carried out.B.The number of dolphins may increase.C.Dolphins will move to new habitats.D.All fishers have employed the devices.4．My wife and I have always had a non﹣negotiable when looking for a place to rent：a gas stove.We love cooking together，and countless food shows have impressed upon us that there is nothing more essential to a tasty meal than a flame（火焰）.Then came the shift of work forcing us to move into a new apartment with an induction（电磁感应）cooker.Past encounters with the slow and inconsistent heating elements of early electric stoves had soured us to the idea of cooking with electricity，but it took only a couple of days for us to realize that our new induction cooker was far superior：Water boiled at lightning speed；I could set a timer and walk away knowing the heat would automatically turn off.Our belated switch to induction came amid a rise of horrifying stories about the health and climate risks of gas stoves.Studies have found cooking with gas is like having secondhand smoke in the kitchen.Worse still，the primary ingredient that fuels gas stoves is methane，a greenhouse gas 80 times more harmful to the environment than carbon dioxide.That's why I finally quit using gas stoves and abandoned my prior conviction that I could never live in a home without one.Don't get me wrong﹣there's still a place for flame，and there's a reason why barbecued food is so delicious.Barbecuing food imparts special flavour that you can't experience with an electric cooker.But dishes that truly require cooking over an open flame are the exception，not the rule.Changing the fundamentals of our lives is hard.But just as we have stopped commuting by horse，or have replaced a coal fireplace with central heating，it's time to move gas out of our kitchens.Some might be horrified.The rest of us，though，can step calmly into the future.Hopefully the governments，too，will soon smell the gas.（1）How did the author feel about cooking with early electric stoves？ A.Unpleasant.B.Concerned.C.Panicky.D.Stressed.（2）What can be inferred from paragraph 4？ A.The author regrets giving up gas stoves.B.Barbecued food is tastier and healthier.C.It is a common practice to cook outdoors.D.Gas stoves still have a role to play.（3）What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？ A.Be open to changes.B.Be brave in the face of uncertainty.C.The old should give way to the new.ernments should be gas advocates.（4）What's the best title of the text？ A.Barbecue：Tasty or RiskyB.A New "Flame"Has ComeC.Gas Stoves：To Leave or to StayD.Electricity Has Taken the Lead5．Were it not for my mask's rubber covering over my nose，no doubt his warm，fishy breath would have made the experience complete，as an adult male Atlantic grey seal （海豹）inspected me to the waters that bathe Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly.This was a close andmagical swimming﹣with﹣seals encounter filmed for BBC Two's Springwatch four years ago.My job is to get people to love and connect with nature，but the experience still left me feeling both excited and conflicted.Is it possible that we get a little too close，and love nature a little too much？Certainly，for anyone working in wildlife media and tourism，the reality is that habitats and many species often can't handle longtime close contact with humans.Marine mammals they may be，but seals must regularly return to dry land，hauling （牵引）themselves out of the water to rest，digest，and reproduce.Haul﹣out sites are typically inaccessible beaches or rocky tiny islands after the tide falls away.These safe places become a terrifying drop when disturbed，particularly by walkers，dogs and boats full of wildlifetourists.When frightened，seals prefer escaping into shallow seas or，worse still，hardrocks，risking broken jaws or bones.In Scotland in February 2021，a ban came into force that stopped the fisheries industry from shooting seals.Prior to this，seals in Scotland could be shot under licence.Seal groups and charities are revising their policies to no longer encourage people to seek out encounters with seals either in or out of the water，especially during the winter months when the grey seal pupping （产崽）season is in full swing.No matter how much we love seals，remember they are terrified of us，so we really need to enjoy them from a distance.But that is not to say there can't be a connection.Joining organised surveys helps monitor seals as well as the health of our waters.The marine mammals have much to deal with，including climate change，and we have a lot to learn from these envoys （使者）from the sea.（1）Why did the author film swimming﹣with﹣seals encounter four years ago？ A．To get people close to nature.B．To inspect an Atlantic grey seal.C．To challenge himself in the waters.D．To promote BBC Two's TV programme.（2）What is the author's attitude to the swimming﹣with﹣seals experience？ A．Contradictory.B．Tolerant.C．Uncertain.D．Supportive.（3）What is the author's purpose of writing paragraph 3？ A．To define the haul﹣out sites of seals.B．To introduce the living habit of seals.C．To prove humans' disturbance to seals.D．To present the safety problem facing seals.（4）What does the author suggest doing？ A．Stopping shooting seals completely.B．Leaving seals alone especially in winter.C．Reducing the influence of climate change on seals.D．Connecting with seals indirectly by protecting them.6．Different forests in the western United States have unique combinations of trees and birds.One type has broad﹣leaved trees like ash and cottonwood，along with kingbirds.Another type has evergreen trees like pine and white spruce，along with juncos.Ecologists in the early twentieth century once claimed these ecological communities were precisely balancedsystems，where every species had a specific role to play in a complex machine.They believed that removing or adding any plant，bird，or insect，could disrupt this balance and harm the habitat.One of these pioneer ecologists was Frederick Clements，who believed that in a specific climate area，ecological communities gradually moved toward the most balanced and integrated group of species in that region.Clements was challenged by another pioneer ecologist，Henry Gleason，who took the opposite view.Gleason viewed the community as largely a group of species with similar tolerances to the stresses given by climate and other factors typical of the region.Gleason thought chance played a big role in where species lived.His concept suggests that nature is not highly integrated.Each species is responding individually to its surroundings.Gleason thought things could change in different ways，depending upon local conditions.Who was right？It now appears that Gleason was more accurate than Clements.The ecological community is mostly a random collection of species with similar responses to a particular climate.Ash trees are found in association with cottonwood trees because both can survive well on floodplains and the competition between them is not so strong that only one can survive.This is not to say that precise harmonies are not present within communities.Most flowering plants rely on pollinators（传粉者）.But if we see a precise balance of nature，it is largely a product of our perception，due to the false belief that nature，especially a complex system like a forest，seems so unchanging from one day to the next.（1）Early 20th century ecologists commonly claimed that .A.each species plays a specific role in the communityB.new species need to be added as communities developC.maintaining precise balance in community is challengingD.it is important to protect communities by removing certain species（2）According to Gleason，what influences where species live？ A.How individualistic the species is.B.Their ability to tolerate the stresses there.C.The number of similar species present.D.Their ways to integrate with other species.（3）Why does the author mention two kinds of trees in paragraph 3？ A.To show greater species variety in floodplains.B.To provide evidence to support Clements' theory.C.To give an example of species that prefer to live on floodplains.D.To support the current view on how ecological communities develop.（4）The underlined word "perception" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .A.cultureB.environmentC.understandingcation7．ㅤTurning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.And at first it is，says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts，a school garden program at four low﹣income schools.The program aims to help students develop science skills，environmental awareness，and healthy lifestyles.ㅤJaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green ce are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. "The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，" she says. "They come to us thinking vegetables are awful，dirt is awful，insects are awful." Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt，most are eager to try something new.ㅤUrban Sprouts' classes，at two middle schools and two high schools，include hands﹣on experiments such as soil testing，flower﹣and﹣seed dissection，tastings of fresh or dried produce，and work in the garden.Several times a year，students cook the vegetables theygrow，and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.ㅤProgram evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. "We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，" Jaramillo says.ㅤShe adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition.Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.Besides，working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students，many of whom have emotional control issues. "They get outside，" she says，"and they feel successful."（1）What do we know about Abby Jaramillo？ A．She used to be a health worker.B．She grew up in a low income family.C．She owns a fast food restaurant.D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.（2）What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program？ A．The kids' parents distrusted her.B．Students had little time for her classes.C．Some kids disliked garden work.D．There was no ce for school gardens.（3）Which of the following best describes the impact of the program？ A．Far﹣reaching.B．Predictable.C．Short﹣lived.D．Unidentifiable.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ A．Rescuing School GardensB．Experiencing Country LifeC．Growing Vegetable LoversD．Changing Local Landscape8．ㅤWhen John Todd was a child，he loved to explore the woods around his house，observing how nature solved problems.A dirty stream，for example，often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older，John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.ㅤAfter studying agriculture，medicine，and fisheries in college，John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria（细菌）？Which kinds of fish can eat cancer﹣causing chemicals？With the right combination of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did.He decided to build what he would later call an eco﹣machine.ㅤThe task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge（污泥）.First，he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little，these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks，John added the sludge.ㅤHe was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco﹣machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it!Within weeks，it had all been digested，and all that was left was pure water.ㅤOver the years，John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse﹣like facility that treated sewage （污水）from 1，600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco﹣machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou，a city in southeast China.ㅤ"Ecological design"is the name John gives to what he does."Life on Earth is kind of a box of re parts for the inventor，"he says."You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self﹣repair."（1）What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs？ A．He was fond of traveling.B．He enjoyed being alone.C．He had an inquiring mind.D．He longed to be a doctor.（2）Why did John put the sludge into the tanks？ A．To feed the animals.B．To build an ecosystem.C．To protect the plants.D．To test the eco﹣machine.（3）What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou？ A．To review John's research plans.B．To show an application of John's idea.C．To compare John's different jobs.D．To erase doubts about John's invention.（4）What is the basis for John's work？ A．Nature can repair itself.B．Organisms need water to survive.C．Life on Earth is diverse.D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.9．This in March，I jumped into a heated pool in California to meet a dolphin named Delle.AsI approached her，Dell turned towards me and became playful，greeting me by splashing mewith her beak.Delighted，I reached out to pat her shiny skin.It felt rubbery，which was the main giveaway that Delle the dolphin was a robot.Just as fake（假的）animals are becoming very realistic，it's becoming increasingly less acceptable to use live animals for entertainment purposesumentaries like Blackfish （2013）and The Cove （2009）have exposed some of the horrific treatment and suffering of ocean mammals.The resulting public protest has made aquariums（水族馆）controversial attracting less visitors.Arguably，entertaining people with captive（圈养的）animals is vital for animal conservation.Many zoos and aquariums actively try to promote conservation efforts by providing educational experiences and encouraging interest in the natural world.This type of entertainment is useful，because it inspires people to care.At first，this seems like a reason to avoid replacing the animals withtechnology.However，research in the rapid﹣developed field of human﹣robot interaction is showing astonishing results on engagement with robots that can imitate lifelike behavior.When physically interactive，robots attract a lot of attention.People tend to treat them like they'realive，even though they know perfectly well they're just machines.If we start to replace the animals in our theme parks with machines，will this trend decrease our wonder for the natural world？A bunch of people expressed negative gut reactions（本能反应）after I posted video of the robot dolphin on .And yet，I don't believe that using this robot animals will cause us to forget the worth of living creatures.（1）Why does the author mention Della in paragraph 1？ A.To share a special experience.B.To promote rubbery dolphins.C.To draw attention to robot animals.D.To describe a dolphin performance.（2）What can we learn about live animals in zoos？ A.They are cruelly treated.B.They make zoos popular.C.They are well entertained.D.They deserve conservation.（3）What is paragraph 4 mainly about？ A.Reasons for replacing animals with robots.B.Benefits of entertaining people with robots.C.Research results on interaction with robots.D.Public concerns over engagement with robots.（4）What's the author's attitude to replacing animals with machines？ A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.10．The impact of the man﹣made climate crisis on Antaretica is scientifically undeniable：stable ice shelves are retreating，air temperature increased by 3 degrees Celsius，krill（磷虾）numbers are declining，melting ice is contributing to sea level rise，and polar bears and seals are getting displaced."Antaretic biodiversity could decline substantially by the end of the century if we continue with business as usual."Jasmine Rachael Lee，lead author of the University of Queensland study says.Published in the journal PLOS Biology，the study finds population declines are likely for 65%of the continent's plants and wildlife by the year 2100.The most vulnerable（脆弱的）species is the Emperor penguins.In October 2022，the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service listed Emperor penguins as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act（ESA），as experts predict the flightless seabird will see a 26%to 47%dip in its population by 2050."This listing reflects the growing extinction crisis and highlights the importance of the ESA and efforts to conserve species before population declines become irreversible（不可逆转）."said Service Director Martha Williams at the time.Aside from Emperor penguins，other Antarctic specialists，like the Adélic penguin and dry soil nematodes，were also highly vulnerable.We urgently need a combination of global and local conservation action to best conserve Antarctic species.Global action and global voices to help relieve climate change—because the biggest threat to Antaretica is coming from outside of it.And then we need local actions to help protect biodiversity against local threats and give them the best chance of adapting to climate changes.This will help to save our iconic （代表性的）species like the Emperor penguins and all of Antaretical's unique and highly adapted inhabitants.It will also help humankind，as we rely heavily on the priceless services the Antarctic provides in regulating our climate and capturing sea level in its ice sheets.（1）What can we learn from Paragraph 1？ A．The impact of climate crisis is usually denied.B．Conservation efforts are badly needed.C．Air temperature on Antarctic increases 3℃annually.D．Sea level rise results in scabirds losing their habitats.（2）Why is the Emperor penguin mentioned in Paragraph 2？ A．To serve as a call to protect wildlife on Antaretic.B．To reflect the growing population of wild species.C．To prove the effectiveness of the Endangered Species Act.D．To highlight the severe impact of rising temperature.（3）What is probably the best conservation policy？ A．Reducing the chances of making a trip to Antaretic.B．Making joint efforts to relieve climate change.C．Attempting to provide essential nutrients to the ecosystem.D．Continuing to carry forward the Endangered Species Act.（4）What is the best title for the text？ A．Plants and Wildlife on Antarctica Will Deeline QuicklyB．Antaretic Species Are Vulnerable to Human ThreatsC．More Action Should Be Taken to Protect Wildlife on AntareticaD．The Best Conservation Strategy Will Be Carried Out Soon11．After being driven to near extinction，wolves are back in Washington state.Wolf 32 M，called The Old Guy by wolf specialist Ben Maletzke，lived some 12 years as the patriarch（族长）of the Teanaway Pack，kicking off the recovery of wolves in Washington.The pack's territory was roasted by wildfire in 2014.But wolf 32 M and his family remained in existence，bringing the call of the wild back for the first time in a century.These wolves are what Maletzke calls stepping stones in recovery﹣﹣the animals that could help lead the way to new territory not yet repopulated by wolves.Wolves spread to new territory to find mates and begin packs of their own.It is this pack dynamic that wildlife biologists are counting on，in time，to urge wolves into areas where they do not presently live."We just need a couple to pick up and go，"Maletzke says.All along，the Teanaway Pack has stayed mostly out of trouble probably，helped by a lot of range riding （牧区巡逻）intended to help reduce conflicts over wolf recovery by keeping wolves away from cattle."He is an example of wolves living and doing what they do，even around people，"Maletzke says of wolf 32 M.Story Warren，a student at the University of Montana，was just a girl when she first saw 32 M's tracks in the Teanaway River Valley﹣an exciting encounter that helped generate a serious。
2021届高考英语二轮复习题型突击专题05阅读理解之生态环保类含解析202103022221
专题05 生态环保类序号内容Part 1 题型总览题型综述技巧点拨读相关词Part 2 真题感悟真题详解强重难词析长难句..Part 3 专题强化真题自测新题模拟P P a a r r t t11题题型型总总览览【题型综述】“生态环保”是普通高中英语课程标准话题之一，亦是高考英语常考话题。
本话题包括动植物保护、生态保护、自然灾害、环境污染和保护等方面。
这些话题与学生的生活息息相关，联系密切。
通过对这些话题的学习以及高考英语对这些话题的考查，可以让学生多注意身边的人和事、关注社会环境、树立环保意识、学会与大自然和谐相处。
【技巧点拨】1.运用语篇结构，概括全文主旨大意，明晰写作意图。
在阅读时，首先用略读法快速浏览每段的首尾句，分析原文的文本结构，然后根据作者谋篇布局的逻辑线索归纳主旨大意。
如果文章中含有标题、副标题、图片等，在概括全文主旨大意和写作目的时需要重点考虑。
根据英语说明文思维模式特征，作者一般都会开门见山，直奔主题。
结尾通常也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应。
因此在做主旨大意、写作意图和最佳标题等题目时，需要重点关注首尾段落里面高频复现的词汇和内容。
导语、主体和结尾是有机整体，解题时要综合起来进行判断。
2.利用文中语境线索分析长难句，进行逻辑推理判断。
在阅读解题时，第一步可以浏览全文，掌握中心大意。
第二步可以根据题干要求，用查读法（scanning）再快速定位到相关段落。
第三步可以重点搜索段内的标志词，利用标志词所提供的逻辑关系找到细节信息，如数据、例子、原因和结果等。
如果句子成分复杂，有生词，也不要烦躁退缩，分析主句和从句或非谓语动词之间的关系，抓住行文逻辑的标志词，层层剖析，露出主干部分，就能明晰句意，弄懂作者的真实意图。
【读相关词】1.haze n. 雾霾2.conservation n. 保护3.recycle v．回收；循环利用4.ecological balance 生态平衡5.make proper use of 合理利用6.keep the balance of 保持……的平衡7.attach great importance to 十分重视8.bring ... under control 把……控制住9.be/bee aware of 意识到10.take the responsibility for/be responsible for 对……负责任11.mist n. 薄雾12.shortage n. 缺乏13.damage n．& vt. 毁坏，破坏14.destroy vt. 摧毁，破坏15.ruin vt. (使)毁坏；(使)毁灭n. (复)废墟；遗迹16.disappear vi. 消失17.threaten vt. 威胁18.be trapped in ruins 被困在废墟中19.rebuild one’s home 重建某人的家园20.extinct adj. 灭绝的21.preserve vt. 保护22.victim n. 牺牲品，受害者23.damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地24.endangered species濒危物种25.die out 灭绝26.natural reserve 自然保护区27.protect wildlife 保护野生动物28.cut down 砍倒29.raise the awareness of 唤醒……的意识30.live in harmony with 与……和谐相处31.pollute vt. 污染32.waste n. 废料33.rubbish n. 垃圾；废物34.litter n. 垃圾35.garbage n. 垃圾36.greenhouse effect 温室效应37.environmentallyfriendly adj. 环保的38.advocate vt. 拥护，支持，提倡39.preserve vt. 保护，保留，保存40.limited natural resources 有限的自然资源41.alternative energy 替代能源42.in harmony with nature 与自然和谐共处43.live a low-carbon life 过低碳生活44.prevent ...from ... 阻止……做……45.raise one’s environmental awareness提高某人的环保意识46.save and treasure our resources 节约并珍惜我们的资源47.take action/steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事48.call on/appeal to sb. to do sth. 号召/呼吁某人做某事P P a a r r t t22真真题题感感悟悟【2020·全国新课标II】When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(showcased)nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us.”says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.”Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to e around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to e up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.28．What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn?A．To promote guilt-free fur.B．To expand the fashion market.C．To introduce a new brand.D．To celebrate a winter holiday.29．Why are scientists concerned about nutria?A．Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.B．Nutria are an endangered species.C．Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.D．Nutria are illegally hunted.30．What does the underlined word “collapsed”in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Boomed.B．Became mature.C．Remained stable.D．Crashed.31．What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan?A．It’s formal.B．It’s risky.C．It’s harmful.D．It’s traditional.【答案】28．A29．A30．D31．B【解析】本文是说明文。
英语科普环保类阅读试题答案及解析
英语科普环保类阅读试题答案及解析1. February 16, 2014（VOA）JAKARTA — The United States and China say they recognize the need for "urgent action" to address the twin challenges of climate change and the air pollution caused by burning fossil fuels. U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry called for greater political will to address a warming planet.China is the leading producer of greenhouse gases and joins the United States as the largest consumers of energy. So U.S. officials say the world's two biggest economies agreeing to limit emissions and promote energy efficiency in buildings and industry "sends a strong message to the world" that this is an issue that needs to be addressed now.Following that agreement with Chinese leaders, Secretary Kerry told an audience in Indonesia that Washington hopes this "unique partnership" with Beijing will help set an example for global leadership and global seriousness on climate change.Kerry Warns About Global Climate Change"Together we account for roughly 40 percent of the world’s emissions. But this is not just about China and the United States," Kerry said. "It is about every country on Earth doing whatever it can to pursue cleaner and healthier energy sources.Kerry said scientific evidence compels the world to act."It is not a lack of ability that is the problem," Kerry said. "It is a lack of political resolve that is standing in our way.The European Union is calling for a 40 percent cut in carbon emissions by 2030. European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso says that target is ambitious and affordable."It shows that we are beyond debate where we either have to be green or a defender of industry," Barroso said. "We believe these two issues are not contradictory, but can perfectly go together if handled smartly.Some European parliamentarians and some environmentalists believe the carbon reduction goals do not do enough to encourage cleaner energy. Jason Anderson heads European climate and energy policy for the World Wildlife Fund."We want to make sure that they do not put the brakes on the energy transition that we are seeing now," Anderson said. "Their ambitions for renewable energy would actually slow down the pace of change, which it is completely senseless as it is one of those areas of the economy that is growing right now.Kerry's climate speech was the first in a series of events meant to focus on cutting carbon emissions before talks in Paris next year on coming up with a successor to the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, which was never ratified by the United States. （）419【1】European Commission President Jose Manuel Barroso believes that________.A．The European Union accounts for 40 percent of the world’s emissions.B．we either have to be green or a defender of industry.C．we have to be green and a defender of industry if handled smartly.D．the carbon reduction goals do not do enough to encourage cleaner energy.【答案】C【解析】考查细节理解。
【英语】高二英语专题汇编阅读理解(科普环保)(一)及解析
【英语】高二英语专题汇编阅读理解(科普环保)(一)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Boomerang children who return to live with their parents after university can be good for families, leading to closer, more supportive relationships and increased contact between the generations, a study has found.The findings contradict research published earlier this year showing that returning adult children trigger a significant decline in their parents' quality of life and wellbeing.The young adults taking part in the study were "more positive than might have been expected about moving back home—the shame is reduced as so many of their peers are in the same position, and they acknowledged the benefits of their parents' financial and emotional support. Daughters were happier than sons, often slipping back easily into teenage patterns of behaviour, the study found.Parents on the whole were more uncertain, expressing concern about the likely duration of the arrangement and how to manage it. But they acknowledged that things were different for graduates today, who leave university with huge debts and fewer job opportunities.The families featured in the study were middle-class and tended to view the achievement of adult independence for their children as a "family project". Parents accepted that their children required support as university students and then as graduates returning home, as they tried to find jobs paying enough to enable them to move out and get on the housing ladder. "However", the study says, "day-to-day tensions about the prospects of achieving different dimensions of independence, which in a few extreme cases came close to conflict, characterised the experience of a majority of parents and a little over half the graduates".Areas of disagreement included chores, money and social life. While parents were keen to help, they also wanted different relationships from those they had with their own parents, and continuing to support their adult children allowed them to remain close.（1）What is the finding of the previous research?A. Boomerang children made their parents happier.B. The parents were looking forward to their children's return.C. The parents' quality of life became worse than before.D. Boomerang children never did any housework.（2）The underlined word "trigger" in Paragraph 2 may be best replaced by ________. A. cause B. defeat C. arise D. allow（3）What is the attitude of the college graduates towards returning home?A. They are ashamed of turning to their parents for help.B. They are glad that they could come back.C. They are doubtful about whether they should return.D. They are proud to be independent from the family.（4）What can be inferred as the reason for the "boomerang children" phenomenon?A. The children want to keep in closer touch with their parents.B. The parents are willing to provide support to their children.C. It is harder for the children to secure a satisfying job.D. There is more house work needed to be done by the children.（5）What is the side effect of the boomerang children phenomenon?A. Both parents and children enjoy a more harmonious relationship.B. Neither parents nor children want to do the chores at home.C. Not only parents but also children want to be independent.D. There are occasional quarrels between parents and children.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）C（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究发现，“回巢族”子女在大学毕业后回到父母身边生活对家庭是有好处的，他们会与父母建立更亲密、更具支持性的关系，并增进两代人之间的联系。
高考英语语法填空名校好题100篇：专题01 健康环保主题(一)基础篇(原卷版)
专题01-健康环保主题（一）---基础篇距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
storing and preparing food —____8____ (release) carbon dioxide, methane and otherplanet-warming gases. When the food ____9____ (waste), so are all those emissions. In addition, once unused food reaches landfills, it breaks down and releases more methane. In the United States, customers in 12 cities can browse restaurants and stores, then reserve “surprise bags” that typically cost about $4 to $6 and contain food that would have been _____10_____ (origin) priced at roughly three times that amount.Passage 2（2022秋·湖南长沙·高三长郡中学校考阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2023届黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校高三第三次高考模拟考试英语试题(含答案解析)
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解 Every year, TIME highlights inventions that are making the world better, smarter and
permission and understand the cultural significance behind the clothing. Last, be aware that
wearing another culture’s clothing comes with great responsibility.”
were wearing these outfits as an act of kindness to Tatay. He is losing his memory, but barong
is something that remains in his mind.
I could understand Darren. Just over this past year, a number of well-known people have
A．They train kids in programming. B．They are invented by kids. C．They need fitting together first. D．They combine fun with learning. 2．Which invention best suits kids who need emotional comfort? A．Sphero Indi. B．Sproutel Purrble. C．Thames & Kosmos Mega Cyborg Hand. D．Lego recycled brick. 3．What makes Lego recycled brick special?
高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧(很有用)及练习题
高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)技巧(很有用)及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
When athletes at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics collect their medals, they'll not only be wearing something that celebrates their sporting performance, but something that symbolizes lastingness. For both the 2020 Olympics and Paralympics, organizers aim to make all of the gold, silver, and bronze medals out of used electronics. This strong message about how to make use of e-waste has gotten a lot of Japan involved.Starting in April 2017, the Japanese Olympic Committee began collecting old laptops, digital cameras, smartphones, and other abandoned electronics. The initiative (倡议) has achieved great success. Already, the quantity needed for bronze medals has been met, and they're in the homestretch for silver and gold medals, meaning the collection process can pack up at the end of March.When looking just at the number of cell phones collected, the amount of waste is shocking. In a period of about 18 months, a little over 5 million smartphones were collected thanks to cooperation with NTT DOCOMO. Japan's largest mobile phone operator allowed the public to turn in phones at their shops, which counted a lot in the project's success.After being taken apart and sorted, the small electronics underwent a smelting process to extract (提炼) all the gold, silver, and bronze elements. Thanks to this initiative, the worldwide struggle with e-waste will have a global platform. According to a study published by the United Nations University—44.7 million metric tons of e-waste were made in 2016. Only 20% of that was actually recycled. Unfortunately, this figure is set to rise significantly in the coming years, moving to 52.2 million metric tons by 2021. So while the Tokyo Olympics initiative might be just a drop in the bucket, it's a good start in showing what the public can do if they're made more aware of the issue.（1）What can be learnt about Tokyo Olympics initiative from the passage?A. E-waste in the world is increasing significantly.B. It is easy to get elements needed from the used electronics.C. Only producers of electronics participated in the project.D. NTT DOCOMO contributed to the success of the project.（2）Which can best replace the underlined word "homestretch" in Paragraph 2?A. starting periodB. collection effortC. final stageD. hard search（3）What influence does the Tokyo Olympics initiative have?A. It offers an effective method to solve the problem of e-waste.B. It shows the power of advanced technology in daily life.C. It saves the expense spent in making all the medals.D. It encourages the public's involvement in dealing with e-waste.（4）What is the writer's attitude to the Tokyo Olympics initiative?A. PositiveB. NegativeC. AmbiguousD. Indifferent【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本将回收利用废弃的电子产品中的金属，用于制作2020年奥运会奖牌。
高二年级英语环境保护与可持续发展单选题40题
高二年级英语环境保护与可持续发展单选题40题1. The destruction of the rainforest can lead to the loss of many _____, which play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance.A. speciesB. areasC. treesD. climates答案：A。
解析：本题考查对生态系统概念的理解。
A选项“species （物种）”，雨林的破坏会导致很多物种的消失，而物种在维持生态平衡中起着至关重要的作用。
B选项“areas（（区域）”，这里强调的不是区域的丧失，而是生物多样性的丧失。
C选项“trees（（树木）”，虽然雨林中有很多树木，但这里说的是更广泛的生态概念，不仅仅是树木。
D选项“climates（（气候）”，雨林破坏会影响气候，但不是直接导致气候的丧失。
2. Which of the following is a major type of water pollution?A. Noise pollutionB. Air pollutionC. Chemical wasteD. Soil erosion答案：C。
解析：本题考查环境污染类型。
A选项“noise pollution （噪音污染）”属于另一种类型的污染，与水无关。
B选项“air pollution （空气污染）”也是不同类型的污染。
C选项“chemical waste（（化学废物）”，化学废物排入水中是一种主要的水污染类型。
D选项“soil erosion（土壤侵蚀）”主要是土壤方面的问题，与水污染无关。
3. An ecosystem includes all of the following EXCEPT _____.A. living organismsB. non - living thingsC. human - made buildingsD. the environment they live in答案：C。
上海市奉贤区2019届高三二模英语试题 含解析
2018学年奉贤区调研测试高三英语试卷考生注意1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
Ⅰ. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. At an airport.B. In an office.C. At a police station.D. Ata travel agency.【答案】A【解析】【分析】W: Thanks for meeting me. Mr. Hawker.M: Nice to see you. Do we need to stop at the baggage claim area?Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
高二英语科普环保类试题
高二英语科普环保类试题1. Adults are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practised in the meantime. A man who has not had an opportunity to go swimming for years can 1 swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after several decades and still 2 away. A mother who has not 3 the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or recite the story of Cinderella or Snow White.One explanation is the law of over learning, which can be stated as following: 4 we have learned something, additional learning increases the 5 of time we will remember it.In childhood, we usually continue to practise such skills as swimming, bicycle riding long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and 6 ourselves of poems such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella or Snow White. We not only learn but __7 .The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, 8 it may result in a passing grade, is not a 9 way to learn a school course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little over learning, 10 , is usually a good investment toward the future.【1】A．only B．still C．hardly D．even【2】A．move B．ride C．travel D．drive【3】A．showed up B．cared for C．thought about D．brought up【4】A．Once B．Before C．Until D．Unless【5】A. accuracy B. unit C length. D. limit【6】A．warm B．inform C．remind D．recall【7】A．recite B．research C．overlearn D．improve【8】A．so B．though C．if D．after【9】A．satisfactory B．demanding C．convenient D．swift【10】A．at most B．on the otherhandC．by the way D．in the end【答案】【1】B 【2】B【3】C【4】A【5】C【6】C【7】C【8】B【9】A【10】B【解析】为什么你小时候学的儿歌、童谣到你长大了还不会忘记？那是因为overlearn的缘故。
小学上册第十四次英语第二单元测验试卷
小学上册英语第二单元测验试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What shape is a stop sign?A. CircleB. TriangleC. SquareD. Octagon答案:D2.Abraham Lincoln was the ________ president of the United States.3.The _______ (小蜗牛) carries its house on its back.4.The _____ (植物生物) is varied and complex.5.I want to _______ (买) a toy.6.The ________ (生态旅游业) promotes awareness.7.What is the term for the process of removing waste products from the body?A. DigestionB. ExcretionC. RespirationD. Circulation答案:B8.The ______ (小鸟) builds its home carefully.9.The macaw has bright _______ (羽毛).10.I have a pet _____ (兔子).11.My house has a big ______.12.I enjoy playing ________ (桌游) on rainy days.13.What do you wear on your head?A. ShoesB. HatC. GlovesD. Scarf答案:B14.Eclipses happen when one celestial body moves into the _______ of another.15. A __________ (净化) process removes impurities from substances.16.The cat is ___ (sleeping) on the couch.17.The _____ (熊) hibernates in winter.18.Oxidation is a reaction involving the loss of _____.19.I enjoy reading books with my ____.20.What is the term for a baby goldfish?A. FryB. PupC. KitD. Chick答案:A21.The reaction of an acid with a metal produces ______ gas.22.The __________ (历史的更新) allows for growth.23.What do we call the holiday celebrated on January 1st?A. ChristmasB. New Year's DayC. Valentine's DayD. Thanksgiving24.I like to collect __________ because they are __________.25.What do we call the person who plays the violin?A. ViolinistB. PianistC. MusicianD. Conductor26.The _____ (小猫) plays with a piece of string.27.Which animal is known as man's best friend?A. CatB. DogC. RabbitD. Hamster答案:B28.Chemical changes involve the breaking and forming of ______.29.I want to learn how to draw a ________.30.What is the capital of Saudi Arabia?A. RiyadhB. MeccaC. MedinaD. Jeddah答案:A Riyadh31.The first successful vascular transplant was performed in ________.32.What do you call a baby cat?A. PuppyB. KittenC. CubD. Foal答案:B33.Which animal is known for having antlers?A. BearB. DeerC. LionD. Elephant34.Which of these is a mode of transportation?A. BicycleB. BookC. ChairD. Table答案:A35.The ______ is known for her fashion sense.36.My family has a tradition of ______ (在一起吃晚餐) every night. It's a special time for us to connect.37.The Khmer Empire built the famous temple complex of _______ Wat.38.Which planet is known as the Red Planet?A. EarthB. VenusC. MarsD. Jupiter39.My brother is a __________ (电气工程师).40.What do we use to measure time?A. RulerB. ClockC. ScaleD. Compass41.What do you call the place where you go to borrow books?A. LibraryB. SchoolC. StoreD. Park答案:A42.My uncle is a __________ (科学家).43.What is the capital of Italy?A. VeniceB. MilanC. FlorenceD. Rome答案:Dmunity advisory board) provides guidance and feedback. The ____45.The Earth revolves around the ______ once a year.46.ipation Proclamation was issued by ________ (林肯总统). The Eman47.What do you call a person who sells goods?A. CustomerB. VendorC. ManagerD. Buyer答案:B48.What do we call a large body of freshwater surrounded by land?A. OceanB. LakeC. RiverD. Sea49.Galileo was one of the first to use a ______.50. A _____ (野餐) in the park is enjoyable in spring.51.The first man-made satellite was launched in _______.52.The water is ___ (hot).53.We should _____ (保护) endangered plant species.54.I believe that practice makes _______ (完美). I will keep trying to improve my _______ (技能).55.What is the largest mammal in the world?A. ElephantB. Blue WhaleC. GiraffeD. Hippopotamus答案:B56.What is 2 + 2?A. 3B. 4C. 5D. 657.What is the opposite of "strong"?A. WeakB. PowerfulC. MightyD. Robust58.Erosion can be caused by wind, water, and ______.59.What is the name of the famous race in Monaco?A. Daytona 500B. Monaco Grand PrixC. Indianapolis 500D. Le Mans答案:B60.What is the name of the famous American national park known for its canyons and rock formations?A. YosemiteB. Grand CanyonC. ZionD. Arches答案:B61.What is 12 4?A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 9答案:C62.The kite is ___ (flying) in the sky.63.What is the name of the study of weather?A. MeteorologyB. AstronomyC. BiologyD. Geography答案:A64.I love to read ________ (书) before going to bed.65.The city of Baku is the capital of _______.66.What do we call the time of the day when it gets dark?A. NightB. EveningC. Late afternoonD. Midnight67.The chemical formula for ammonium phosphate is _______.68.What do you call a large body of salt water?A. LakeB. RiverC. OceanD. Pond69.The ________ (magnifying glass) helps me see.70.The chemical formula for rust is ______.71.What is the weather like in summer?A. ColdB. HotC. WindyD. Snowy答案:B72.What is the name of the famous artist known for his use of light and shadow?A. CaravaggioB. RembrandtC. Claude MonetD. Vincent van Gogh答案:B73. A _______ can measure the amount of energy consumed by different devices.74.Which object helps us tell time?A. CompassB. ClockC. MapD. Book75.The ________ (气候变化) affects wildlife.76.She is a _____ (评论员) on a news channel.77.She likes to ________ (help) others.78.What do we call the act of taking care of someone?A. CaringB. NurturingC. Looking afterD. All of the Above答案:D79.What do you call a person who makes bread?A. BakerB. ChefC. CookD. Butcher答案:A80.The Earth's atmosphere is vital for sustaining ______.81.What is the name of the largest desert in the world?A. SaharaB. ArabianC. GobiD. Kalahari答案:A82.What is the main source of light during the day?A. MoonB. StarsC. SunD. Lamp答案:C83.What do caterpillars turn into?A. BeesB. AntsC. ButterfliesD. Moths答案:C84.What do we call a person who travels to different countries for pleasure?A. TouristB. TravelerC. ExplorerD. Nomad答案:A85.The chemical formula for phosphoric acid is ______.86.The __________ (历史的连接) unites us.87. A base is a substance that can accept _______ ions.88.Which fruit is red and often associated with teachers?A. BananaB. GrapeC. AppleD. Orange答案:C89.小松鼠) gathers acorns for winter. The ___90.The ________ (campaign) raises funds.91.What is the main ingredient in pizza dough?A. RiceB. FlourC. CornD. Oats答案:B92. A snail leaves a ______ (黏糊糊的) trail behind.93.The ________ has bright colors that stand out.94.What is the name of the famous wizard in children's literature?A. GandalfB. DumbledoreC. MerlinD. Harry Potter答案:D95. A __________ (电解质) conducts electricity when dissolved in water.96. A fox is known for being very ______.97. A __________ is a type of reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen.98.We should _____ (encourage) pollinator habitats.99.The bus is _______ (来了).100.What is the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo?A. KinshasaB. LubumbashiC. KisanganiD. Mbuji-Mayi答案:A。
【英语】高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)
【英语】高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A new study from brain researchers helps explain how the human brain evolved or changed over time, to permit people to speak and write.Michael Ullman, the lead researcher, a professor at Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, D.C, has been studying language learning for more than 20 years.Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or co-opted (指派) parts of our brain for language. And those parts, he says, are ancient-older even than humans themselves."This study examines the theoretical framework (准则) that language is learned, stored and' processed in two ancient learning and memory systems in the brain."Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language. They found that people learn language using two memory systems: declarative and procedural. Memorizing vocabulary, for example, is a declarative memory process. But learning grammar is, mostly, a procedural memory process."Declarative memory, in humans at least, is what we think of as learning memory', such as, 'Oh, remember what you said last night' or things like that. And procedural motor memory is what we often call motor memory' such as how you learn to ride a bicycle." Or, Ullman adds, "These procedural memory skills become so deeply leaned that we are no longer aware that we are doing them."However, Ullman explains that the two long-term memory systems can share tasks. And, he adds, the adult brain uses the systems to learn language a bit differently than a child's brain. "Adult language learners of a second language may use their declarative memory for using grammar patterns. They think about it purposefully. For a child, the grammar may come more naturally. They don't have to think about the grammar rules before speaking."In addition to language learners, Ullman's study could help people who have a brain injury that affects speaking and writing. This knowledge can also help those who have learning disabilities such as dyslexia (阅读障碍). People with dyslexia have difficulty recognizing words and symbols accurately.（1）How did Ullman study human's memory systems?A. By examining the brain with his team.B. By studying language learning over years.C. By comparing different languages year after year.D. By referring to data from other studies on language.（2）Which of the following is an example of "motor memory"?A. Learning to make a model plane.B. Remembering the grammar patternsC. Repeating what you heard.D. Memorizing what you read.（3）What does the underlined word "it" refer to?A. Declarative memory.B. An adult language learner.C. Using grammar patterns.D. A second language.（4）What's the main idea of the text?A. Ullman has advanced our language understanding.B. A new research helps people learn a new language.C. Learning memory is more active than motor memory.D. Human beings learn language in pre human area of brain.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述Michael Ullman和他的团队的研究称人类大脑前区的为语言学习区，由此解开了人类大脑进化过程之谜。
Unit 3 -单元综合测试卷-高二英语(新人教版选择性必修三)
选择性必修三Unit 3 Environmental Protection单元综合检测卷I 基础部分一、根据中文或首字母提示写出下列单词。
1.The opportunity is there. Why not s__________________ it?2.Garbage sorting is one of the increasingly popular life t_________________ in China in the near future.3.It’s illegal to r________________ any waste without disposing of them.4.We are close friends, but we can’t see each other f____________________, for we live and work in differentcities.5.Stop driving so crazily, or you will be taught and f__________________ by the police sooner or later.6.Without water, we would not be able to grow the food we eat, or to __________________(维持) ourselves orthe ecosystem.7.But for many other species, ______________________(保护) efforts are likely to come too late.8.We want to show the investors that they can make money and ____________________(使复原) the grasslands.9.We must carry on the patriotic public health __________________(运动) to reduce disease and improve healthconditions.10.This is sure to be an item on the _______________________(议程表) next week.二、单句语法填空1. ________________(ecology) argue that it is not a proper way _____________(treat) waste water with this medical method.2. The _______________(cooperate) in various fields between the two countries has developed _______________________(comprehensive).3. In order to promote the fast ________________(develop) of the western areas, more practical ___________(policy) should be carried out.4. Though Thunberg doesn’t have a ______________(magic) cure for climate, she ________________(believe) that climate change can __________________(affect) at grass-roots level by educating friends and electing _____________________(politician) that support the cause.5. One of the obvious results was ____________ there were more blue-sky days during the Olympics than __________(smog) ones.6. In fact, traffic rules are parts of the rules and ________________(regulate) closely related ________ public order.7. We should not yet abandon this option for the _________________(dispose) of highly radioactive wastes.8. A large number of people _________________(participate) in this project, all of _____________ made their efforts.9. That boy always takes away the garbage from his home when he _______________(go) to school, as his mother tells him ____________.10. _________________(boost) confidence, officials have repeatedly guaranteed that they will stick to ________________(moderate) loose monetary policy.三、词组的适当形式填空。
环境与人类健康 Environment and Human Health 英语作文
Environment and HumanHealth>Environment and Human Health Essay:Environment comprises of some major elements and a thousand minuscule elements that contribute to nature in some or other way. Environment goes far beyond the normal perception of nature and there are many facts which are yet unknown about it. We have presented long and short essay samples to provide a proper idea about the environment and how it affects human health in various ways. Along with this, we will also provide ten pointerson the theme that will work as guidance for framing the essay.Long and Short Essays on Environment and Human Health EssayWe are providing a long essay of 400-500 words and a short essay of 100 to 200 words on Environment and human health essayLong Essay on Environment and Human Health 500 words in EnglishEnvironment and Human Health Essay will be helpful for students in classes 7, 8, 9, and 10.For some people environment generally means nature. The environment is the surroundings in which a living being takes birth and evolves according to changes that happen from time to time. It is said that the environmental challenges, changes, and makes human beings adapt to the state of the environment they live in. Thus, Environment visibly affects the humans living on it in many direct or indirect ways.The life on earth is interconnected in a way that proves that whatever we give in to the earth never simply disappears. Contaminants reach the humans in the form of the food they eat, theair they inhale, and the water that they drink. In some or the other way, everything is connected. The most vulnerable to the harm of the environment are the children and the old age people as their immunity is in question for many reasons. The Food that we eat is not free of pesticides or chemicals as well.When the food is produced many chemicals are used for ensuring the proper growth of food and due to this, the modern additions damage the quality of the soil of the farmland. Moreover, they also degrade the quality of pollinators that help the food grow naturally. They can causemany diseases like cancer and antibiotic resistance in the people who eat them.Maintaining the quality of water is important as well because only 2.5% of the total water on earth is drinkable. No matter how many clean water safety acts we put out, sometimes it will always slip through. Many plants rooted in water safety are under threat. We have made rivers and oceans into our dumping areas which at last dents a hole in our hygiene only.Air pollution is not any less dangerous to humans. It is already seen that outdoor air pollution is attracted to more than 1 milliondeaths and countless illnesses each year. The toxins transmitted from motor vehicles and industrial emissions dangerously impact human health as they contain pollutants like mercury and Sulphur dioxide. Illnesses like lung cancer, heart diseases, and asthma are results of unhealthy levels of pollution around the world. Rising global temperatures also play an active part in this.Indoor air can be dangerous as well as they also have chemicals present due to different reasons. Governments have tried to give solutions in the form of agreements and acts tocommence a “greener approach” in industries and businesses. However, governments are unable to maintain biodiversity as the world continues to lose species. Thus, Challenges keep on coming along with new improvements that are decided to give way to a healthier earth.What we can do to solve this? Each person would have to take individual responsibility in this mission. You can reduce your exposure to toxic environments by taking organic food and getting your water tested for metals or chemicals. The earth can do its part of healing you but the best way to deal with it is to take precautionarymeasures by avoiding a toxic lifestyle, both mentally and physically.Short Essay on Environment and Human Health Essay 200 words in EnglishEnvironment and Human Health Essay is useful for students in classes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.The >Environment consists of many facets, both known and unknown. The same is the case with the humans that reside on it. The environment causes many hazards that are harmful to humans in a long-lasting way. They are all caused in the form of the food they eat,the air they inhale, and the water that they drink. All organisms depend on necessities like food water and air to survive. But when these necessities turn out to be polluted to a dangerous extent, there is a huge problem.The microscopic pollutants in the air can easily slip through our defenses and cause endangering respiratory diseases. Water pollution is the main problem and our body immediately reacts to it. The diseases caused by water cause deaths of 3,575,000 deaths per year globally! Food pollution is no less dangerous as they can cause hormonal ormetabolic problems to us and can trigger many forms of diseases. Thus, Earth does let us live on it, but it is solely our responsibility to keep it and ourselves healthy and in the best condition.10 Lines on Environment and Human Health Essay in EnglishThe environment can be simply called the nature that accommodates for us to live in.Environment and humans’ lives are interconnected, so nothing goes to waste.Whatever is given in to the earth, is returned.But various hazards are caused by the pollution of the earth’s basic resourc es.The air is polluted due to the toxins of motor vehicles and industrial emission.The food is polluted due to the different chemicals used in its production and it alters its natural healthiness.The water which is already in the scarce entity is used in many polluting ways and by dumping our waste in it, we make it undrinkable.The Illnesses that arise due to these polluted resources are no one’s fault, but ours.The government takes many steps to solve the situations in the form of cleaning the resources or lessening pollution.But, If we do not stay alert about the same and do not put effort, there would be no change in these bad times.FAQ’s on Environment and Human Health EssayQuestion 1.Which are the organizations that work for human health at a global level?Answer:United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), World Wide Fund for Nature, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Meteorological Organization, Greenpeace, Earth Day, and Green Panther are some of the organizations aiding in human health.Question 2.Which health hazard causes the most deaths globally?Answer:Air pollution causes the most amount of deaths according to the UN.Question 3.Which tests are used to understand the water quality?Answer:Tests like temperature testing, salinity testing, Ph testing, and many more are used to determine water quality.Question 4.What does environmental health science mean?Answer:Environmental health science is the study of processes of the environment and how they affect life on earth.。
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析
【英语】高三英语阅读理解(科普环保)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下面文章，然后从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出每个问题的最佳选项。
My two- and four-year-old boys love to win, whether they're racing their bikes down the sidewalk or just finishing their snacks. It's true that those with high status, from world leaders and prize winners to athletes and movie stars, are people we like and respect. A recent study published in Nature Human Behaviour showed that we seem to have an innate (天生的) preference for high-ranking peoples—but only if those people aren't hurtful toward others.Researchers showed toddlers (aged 21 to 31 months) a scene where two puppets (木偶) approached one another from opposite sides of a stage and one bowed to let the other pass first. Asked which puppet they liked better, 18 of the 21 toddlers in the experiment reached for the puppet who had been allowed to pass. Because respect from others is a marker of status, this suggests that children have a preference for those with a higher status—even before age three. However, the results were quite different when two puppets approached one another and one used force to knock the other down before continuing to the other side. In this case, 18 of the 21 toddlers reached for the one who was knocked down. As the researchers concluded, "When approaching others, very young children care not only who wins, but also how." The previous experiment has shown that toddlers know about social status, but this experiment went one step further by proving they have an obvious preference for high status. Since the participants were so young, this might even be an innate human preference.In a word, this new research suggests that young children appreciate people who do well while at the same time doing good to others. So, when my four-year-old thinks that he has to get his shoes on first, I'll keep reminding him that helping his brother so they both finish faster is what winning is all about.（1）What do we tend to do according to the first paragraph?A.Seek challenges all the time.B.Admire high-ranking people.C.Take advantage of high status.D.Hurt others with offensive words.（2）Why did toddlers prefer the puppet allowed to pass?A.It looked adorable.B.It behaved smartly.C.It seemed polite.D.It was respected.（3）What can we infer from the latter study?A.Slower people are better loved by toddlers.B.People naturally dislike unkind behavior.C.Toddlers care little about high social status.D.Being helpful contributes to being supported.（4）What should we do when we encourage children to win?A.Instruct them to use proper and creative ways.B.Advise them to be as hardworking as possible.C.Remind them to be considerate to other people.D.Tell them to try to cooperate with someone else.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们更倾向于喜欢和尊敬地位高而又无害于他人的人，这似乎是一种天性，即使是蹒跚学步的孩子也是如此。
最新高二英语试卷英语阅读理解(科普环保)题分类汇编含解析
最新高二英语试卷英语阅读理解(科普环保)题分类汇编含解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forestsin these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken inby the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone (臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling."We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere." Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.（1）According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may ________.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there（2）The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT ________.A. large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC. snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD. ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun（3）Earlier studies about northern forest fires ________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming（4）The underlined phrase "soak up" in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. distributed（5）From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may ________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亚的森林大火使气候变暖，科学家们已经发现，在燃烧的树木允许更多的雪将更多的阳光反射到太空的地区可能会发生冷却。
Children_'s_environmental_health_climate-change
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Modelling Malaria Transmissibility in Zimbabwe. III
Baseline 2000 2025 2050 Courtesy: Kris Ebi
What Should Health Ministries Do?
• Commission/conduct national assessments of risks to health from CC (and SLR)
[IPCC 2019].
VECTOR-BORNE DISEASE
Estimated population at risk of dengue fever under “standard” climate change scenario: 1990, 2085
1990
2085
.
Source. Hales S et al. Lancet (online) 6 August 2019. image.thelancet/extras/01art11175web.pdf
400
600
Time from start (years)
800
IPCICPC20C1,92019
高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧及练习题
高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧及练习题一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The clock always seems to be ticking rather too fast in the doctor's office and the queue of patients outside the door seems to be pressing rather too hard. Some say it's high time for the model of short, sharp one-to-one appointments to give way to shared medical appointments (SMAs共享医疗预约).SMAs are doctor-patient visits in which a group of patients receive patient education and counseling (咨询), physical examination and medical support in a group setting. Typically SMAs are designed to have one or more doctors attend to a group of patients who share a common illness or medical condition. In contrast to one-to-one visits, SMAS provide a longer appointment time-frame as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers.However, doctors who have pioneered the shared appointment approach report that there are significant challenges involved. Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic, identifies culture change as the most significant challenge. Physicians and nurses are trained in a model of personal service and privacy; the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixed ideas. They need shared goals and a way of testing the innovation against agreed standards. Dr. Sumego says, "The physicians may be worried about the possible chaos and efficiencies that are marketed. They also have to make the patients understand what their appointment is, and what the expectation is.""So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buy-in from a few champion physicians, develop the work-flow and develop some experience. Provide some support behind what that best practice should look like. Create some standards so that, as the concept spreads, you can employ that experience to start the next shared medical appointments and the next."（1）What is the purpose of the SMA approach?A. To improve medical service.B. To promote doctors' reputation.C. To conduct medical research.D. To meet patients' expectation.（2）According to Dr. Sumego, what prevents the SMA approach from being widely adopted?A. Personal service.B. Fixed ideas.C. Lack of equipment.D. Shared goals.（3）What can the underlined "buy-in" in Paragraph 4 be replaced by?A. practiceB. organizationC. purchaseD. support（4）What can be learned about the SMA approach in the last paragraph?A. It is currently being questioned.B. It is impractical in some areas.C. It will enjoy wide popularity soon.D. It should be carried out step by step.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了SMAs (共享医疗预约) 模式，以及这种模式面临的挑战。
高二英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)
高二英语阅读理解(科普环保)解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1．犇犇阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partner.Dieticians at Newcastle University said both partners try to please one another, and so change their dietary habits to suit their other half.It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner. Women still have the strongest long-term influence over the couple's diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households.The report, by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a variety of research projects from the UK, North America and Australia, which looked at the eating and lifestyle habits of couples.The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partnerWomen also use food as a comfort when dealing with emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men.Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.Report author and registered dietician Dr. Amelia Lake said, "The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration."（1）According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men ________.A. have few changes of their dietary habitsB. have to eat more unhealthy foodsC. don't like foods high in fat and sugar at allD. try to eat foods that their girlfriends like（2）The underlined word "light" (in Paragraph 4) probably means ________.A. not very heavyB. less in fat and sugarC. gentleD. not serious or important （3）According to the report by Newcastle University's Human Nutrition Research Centre, ________.A. women put on weight only because they want to suit their other halfB. when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habitsC. eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couplesD. it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner（4）From the passage, we can infer that ________.A. women should pay more attention to their partner's influence on themB. more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most householdsC. couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their partnerD. long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner（5）What would be the best title for the passage?A. Don't be silly any more, women!B. Which are better dietary habits?C. Boyfriends make you fatD. Dr. Amelia Lake and his study【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，纽卡斯尔大学的营养学专家的研究表明，同居让女人发胖让男人更健康。
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Number of Earths used by humanity
One Earth is available (The planet’s total biocapacity = 1.0)
1970s
1980s
1990s
Based on Wackernagel et al, 20602
Changes in environmental indicators, 1750 - 2000
400
600
Time from start (years)
800
IPCICPC20C0,120901
SLR Risks to Small Island-States
• Coastal flooding • Amplified storm surges • Damaged coastal infrastructure (roads, etc.) • Salination of island fresh-water (esp.
2
Kilimanjaro 1970
Area (km2)
Ice on Kilimanjaro
15 10
5 0
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 Year
Kilimanjaro 2000
Climate Change: Basic Issues
• Earth’s climate varies naturally – because of a variety of cosmological and geological processes.
fast over the past 30 years • Sea-level rise is gradually accelerating • Many temperature-sensitive systems/processes
have changed over the past two decades
Climate Change and Health
With special reference to risks facing small iMcMichael
National Centre for Epidemiology & Population Health The Australian National University Canberra, ACT 0200
• “Climate change” refers to an additional, and relatively rapid, change induced by human actions.
• The additional change – several degrees C within a century – will disrupt the foundations of life on Earth.
High
17
16
15
14 13
1860
Central estimate = 2.5 oC (plus increased variability)
Low
1900
Band of historical climatic variability
1950
2000
Year
2050 2100
Sea-LevSeeal -Rleivseel,roisveeorvtehrecocmominigncgemntuilrleiensnium
following 70 years of excess greenhouse gas emissions
1.5
Sea-level rise (m)
Total sea level rise
1.0
Ocean Expansion
Ice-melt
0.5
0.0 200
Peaking in 2050
Greenhouse gas emissions (“super-Kyoto” action)
Loss of trop forest, woodland Domesticated land Global biodiversity
7 From: Steffen et al. In press 2004
20
Average Global Tem1p9erature (OC)
18
This presents a rate-of-change probleImPCfCor(m20a0n1y)neastutirmalates systemas/1p.r4o-c5e.8sseoCs increase
Atmos CO2 conc Atmos N2O conc
Atmos CH4 conc
Atmos ozone loss Av surface temp (NH) Climate disasters
Fully exploited fisheries Coastal shrimp farms Coastal N2 flux
• Ecosystems and life in general have evolved within a narrow band of climatic-environmental conditions.
5
Number of Earths
1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0
Climate Change: the “debate”
Skepticism is now receding. We know that: • Greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations are
increasing • GHGs affect the climate system (thankfully!) • World average temperature has risen relatively
subterranean cells) • Impaired crop production • Population displacement: diverse health
risks (nutrition, infection, mental health)