初中英语课件动词不定式
第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分-主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):动词不定式的句法作用(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词+不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)+不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊!It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧).A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.I hope see you soon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I made them to give the money back.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.No one noticed him to leave the room.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Have you given up to smoke?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.We found him waited at the school gate.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Why not to turn off the light?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.She didn't want me go.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.I don't know to swim.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.They don't allow that people smoke.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.It's difficult sell my car.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。
初中英语语法精讲2动词不定式用法
动词不定式用法动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。
但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。
另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。
动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。
下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。
一.作主语可以直接作主语。
如:To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。
如:It's wrong to play tricks on other people.It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is +adj +(for sb.)+(not)to do sth句型中,表示说话人对客观事件的决断,意为:做…..是……的,it仅作形式主语,真正的主语是to do sthIt is very interesting to read.读书是有趣的It is useful to read.看书是有用的It is healthy to run every day.每天跑步是健康的It is a little difficulty for me to work out this question.解出这道题对我来说有点难It is bad not to finish homework.不完成作业是糟糕的It is bad to be late for school.迟到是糟糕的It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪,与It is +adj +(for sb.)+(not)to do sth的意义不同。
初中全新英语语法——非谓语动词(共18张PPT)
动名词
(1)作主语
动名词作主语,放在句子的前面,但当动名词短语较 长时,为了使句子保持平衡,常用it作形式主语,而 将真正的主语放到句子的末尾。如:
Reading makes a man perfect.阅读使人完美。
Finding work is difficult these days.现在找工作 很困难。
动词不定式短语作表语,放在连系动词之后。如:
The most important thing is to cut off the elec tricity.最重要的是切断电源。
Her wish is to be a teacher.她的愿望就是当一名教 师。
She seems to be very happy today.今天她好像很 快乐。
Itຫໍສະໝຸດ isa good habit to get up early. = To get up early
is a good habit.早起床是一个好习惯。
②不定式短语作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 如:
To learn English well is not easy.学好英语是不容 易的。
(2)作表语
It's no use waiting for another hour.再等一个小 时也没用。
(2)作宾语
动名词作宾语既可用于及物动词和短语动词后作宾语, 也可用于介词后作介词的宾语。如:
He enjoys reading stories.他喜欢读故事。
I dislike paying cars.我不喜欢打牌。
She is a trained nurse.她是一个受过训练的护士。
She bought a computer produced in China.她 买了一台中国生产的电脑。
初中英语动词不定式 公开课 PPT课件 图文
We hope to get there before dark. 我们希望天黑以前到那儿。 The girl decided to do it herself. 那个姑娘决定自己做那件事。
作表语
• My job is to teach the students. • His idea is to save their lives at once.
动词不定式
观察这些句子
• 1) He likes to read novels. • 2) I saw him come. • 3) We decided not to buy that house. • 4) It is interesting to fly a kite. • 5) Please let him not go there.
典型试题
1.It’s bad for your eyes B computer games too much.
A. plays B. to play C. play D. playing (作主语)
2. She was often heard C in the room.
A. singing B. sing C to sing D. sung (作感官动词的宾补, 变被动语态时,to要还原)
• What I ask him to do is to have his hair cut.
• What you can do is to close your mouth.
作宾语补足语
• 1.后面能接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:ask,
order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。
to do
to be done
初中英语非谓语动词——动词不定式
一对一个性化讲义本次课课堂教学内容一、动词不定式的构成及句法功能1.动词不定式的构成不定式的基本形式为:to+动词原形。
有时可以不用to,这里的to是不定式符号,本身没有意义,动词不定式的否定形式是“not(+to)+动词原形”。
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语或状语。
2.动词不定式的句法功能(1)不定式作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
当作主语的不定式(短语)较长时,用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语置于句末。
例:To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易It is important for students to learn English well.学好英语对学生们来说是重要的。
(2)不定式作宾语有些及物动词后用不定式作宾语,常见的这类及物动词有:begin、choose、continue、decide、expect、fail、forget、hate、help、hope、learn、manage、mean、need、offer、plan、prefer、pretend、promise、refuse、try、wait、want、wish、determine、dare、attempt、afford、agree、start、like。
例:She promised to come at nine o’clock.她答应九点来的。
如果作宾语的不定式有宾语补足语,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语后置。
例:I found it important to get up early in the morning.我发现早上早起很重要。
(3)不定式作定语①不定式有时起形容词的作用,修饰名词、代词,在句中作定语。
不定式作定语时,它的位置是在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法
班级:领航英语培训班姓名:_____________八年级下册Unit2语法(一)动词不定式用法动词不定式属于英语动词非谓形式之一,由“to+动词原形“构成。
否定形式:not+to+动词原形。
在句中作做主语、宾语、表语,定语、状语、宾语补足语(即主宾表,定状补)1.作主语1)To see is to believe.(眼见为实)2)To play tricks on other people is wrong当主语动词不定式短语较长,常用it 做形式主语,而将真实的主语不定式短语放在末尾。
It's wrong to play tricks on other people.2.作宾语We agreed to start early.She wants to be a doctor.b.love,like ,begin,start,hate ,prefer等词后面可以接不定式。
3.表语:放在连系动词be后面例句:His wish is to become a scientist.The first important thing is to save the soldiers' lives.4.作定语:放在被修饰的名词、代词后面例句:I have a lot of work to do.The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy.点击规律:动词不定式若在句中作定语,常放在被修饰的名词、代词之后。
提示板:如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系,若动词是不及物动词,切记不要忘掉介词。
如:I have a small bedroom to live in.Have you got some pens to write with?5.作状语1)目的状语:I come to see you.He runs fast in order to get there in time.2).原因状语:放在sorry,glad,surprised,disappointed,excited等词后面。
初中英语语法 动词不定式做宾语的用法课件
开始 _s_t_a_rt__ 尝试 __t_r_y__
常见的跟动词不定式做宾语的动词:
plan, prepare, want, help, would like, invite, drive, offer, expect, ask, fail, forbid, tell, happen, need, hope, pretend, promise, decide, refuse, order, force, wish
有些动词后面跟动词不定式时, 应将不定 式符号to省去。常见的动词有 let, make, feel, help, watch, hear 等。
e.g. 让我来帮助你。 Let me help you.
你能帮助我打扫房间吗?
Can you help me clean the house?
用动词的适当形式填空。
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 Don't pretend to know when you don't. 不要不懂装懂。 I pretend to be listening carefully. 我假装听地仔细。 promise to do sth. 许诺做某事 Don't worry. I promise to do just as you say. 别担心,我照你说的做就是了。 If you promise to do something, you must not break your promise. 如果你答 应做事,就一定不要失言。
初中英语动词不定式的基本用法
初中英语动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式(the infinitive)的基本用法动词不定式1.基本构成:to+动词原形,其否定形式是“not/never to do/not do”.2.基本用法:不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化。
一、不定式的句法功能1.作主语eg: It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school.不定式做主语时,常用代词it来代替不定式结构,这时it被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置,往往放v.和adj.之后。
e.g. To learn English well is not easy.=It’s not easyto learn English well.★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for+名词或代词宾格”构成,即:It’s+ adj. + for / of sb. + to do sth.跟踪操演1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers.2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream.3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换)________ ________ English well ______ very important.4.It’s important _______ Chinese well.A. to learnB. learnC. learningD. learns2.作表语eg:The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.表语是用来透露表现主语的身份、状况和特性等,可与系动词组成系表布局。
eg:Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.My job is to clean the streets.跟踪操演1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day.2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor.3.作宾语eg:The driver offered to help the patient.有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语,表示命令、打算或希望等。
初中非谓语动词讲解ppt课件
非谓语动词
(3)forget to do sth忘记要去做某事(还没做) forget doing sth忘记做过了某事(已做) (4)remember to do sth记着要去做某事(还没做) remember doing sth记得做过了某事(已做) (5)go on to do sth做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事 go on doing sth继续做原来所做的同一件事 (6)need doing(某事)需要做(被动含义) need to do 需要去做某事(主动含义)
非谓语动词
4.作状语 Laughing and talking, they went into the room. 他们有说有笑地走进了房间。 5.现在分词与过去分词的区别 (1)语态上,现在分词表示主动之意,过去分词表 示被动之意。 如: the surprising news 令人惊讶的新闻 a surprised boy 一个受惊吓的男孩 (2)时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表 示已经完成的动作。 如: the developing country 发展中国家 the developed country 发达国家
非谓语动词
2.作宾语 常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有 enjoy, finish, consider (考虑), miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, can't help, avoid, be used to, be worth, be afraid of, be proud of, be interested in, can't stop, keep…from, look forward to, put off, stop…from, have fun等。如: Have you finished __________ the book? 你读完这本书了吗?reading 3.作表语 The nurse's job is ______________ the patients. 护士的工作是照顾病lo人ok。ing after
动词不定式(47张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
说明 作主语用的不定式,常常用it作形式主语, 而把不定式放在后面。
My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean 多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换作为
the room every day is my work.
主语。
—What sports does he like to play?—He likes to 只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的
prove/
tend/
offer/
expect等
款适合你
夯基·必备基础知识
① Although he pretended to surrender to the enemy , he failed to win their trust.
② I hope to finish it tomorrow .
3.see sth done 看见某事被做 重点看宾语和补语之间的逻辑关系
夯基·必备基础知识 5. 作补语
① I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动,完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
② I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主
夯基·必备基础知识 3. 作表语
注意:下列情况下不定式作表语通常省略to:
All you need to do now is complete the form. 你现在要做的是把这张表填好。
What I want to do most in senior high school is improve my English.
初中英语动词不定式课件市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖PPT课件
6. I am very glad _______ (meet) you here.
7. We saw them_______ (come) into the room just now.
8. What he said made me_____ (feel) sorry.
9. I am sorry.I forgot_____ (tell) you the news.
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定语
动词不定式做定语放在所修饰名词 、代词后面。
例: He is the first person to sail around the world.
I have a lot of work to do.
The doctor said he could do nothing to help the boy.
特殊情况: 假如动词不定式和前面所修饰词组成动宾关系, 且动词是不及
物动词, 切记不要忘记后面介词。 I have a small bedroom to live in.
初中英语动词不定式课件
Have you got some pens to write with?
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作状语
a.目标状语: 放在go, come, use, live, in order等词后面.如: I come to see you. He runs fast in order to get there in time.
真正宾语是后面动词不定式。
The man found it difficult to get to sleep.
I feel it easy to recite the text.
初中英语语法大全——非谓语动词(共24张PPT)
知识归纳 常用it作形式主语的句式 It is no use/ good doing..做...是没有用的不好的。 It is a waste of time doing...做..是浪费时间的。 It is useful/ enjoyable/ tiring doing...
做...是有用的/ 令人高兴的/累人的
(6)不定式作状语
①不定式作状语主要表示目的等。表示目的时常位于句首,表 示原因和结果时常位于句尾。 eg: To arrive there on time, I got up one hour earlier than usual. eg: In ancient China, food was stored with ice to kee p it fresh.
常接动名词作宾语的(短语)动词
enjoy喜欢
finish完成
practise练习
suggest建议
mind介意
avoid避免
admit承认
consider考虑
give up放弃
look forward to盼望
imagine想象
be busy忙于 put off推迟
feel like想要
be worth值得
(4)不定式作宾语补足语
eg: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. eg: Mr. White persuaded Tom not to smoke any more. eg: I sat near her and heard her sing the new song. eg: The peaceful music in the CD made the students feel relax.
初中英语语法系列---非谓语动词PPT课件
possible等。
It’s very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. 对孩子们来说,穿过繁忙的街道很危险。 It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难。
表目的
表某一次具体的动作
1.表示将来: I have a lot of work to do.
2.表示某一次具体的动作: I like dancing, but I don’t like to dance
today.
3. 表示目的: To learn English well, you must practise
动词不定式 动名词
非谓语动词的特点:
1. 由动词构成 2. 在句子中不做谓语
现在分词废分词话Fra bibliotek过去分词
动词不定式
基本形式:to+动词原形 (有时可以不带to ) 。 ●动词不定式没有人称和数的变化 ●在句子中不能作谓语 ●但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分——主 语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。
常考点注意:
答案:B. tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.
4、动词不定式与疑问词连用:疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词 when, where, how , why等后面可以
按动词不定式,构成动词不定式短语,可以在句子中作主语、宾 语、表语等成分。 例如: (1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine. (不定式作宾语) (2) How to use the machine is a question. (不定式作主语) (3) The question is when to go there. (不定式作表语)
动词不定式讲解初中英语语法
动词不定式讲解初中英语语法动词不定式讲解初中英语语法动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形 (如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式,但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing,to have written),也有被动态(如to be written),所有的主动词,不管是及物动词还是不及物动词,也不管是动作动词还是状态动词,都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外,没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge.在上述情况下,如果不定式较长,显得头重脚轻,那么可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替),而将不定式放到后面。
如:1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago.2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time.不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的,即不定式的逻辑主语,通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达: 1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a generalreview. 2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam. 在某些形容词(如careless,clever,considerate,foolish,good,impolite,kind, naughty,nice,silly,stupid等)作表语时,不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语: 1.It is very kind of you to me thetruth. 2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing.及物动词+带to的不定式结构: 只能跟动词不定式的动词,常见的有: afford, agree, aim, appear, ask, believe,care,claim,decide demand, desire, determine, expect,fail, happen, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, long,manage, offer, pretend, promise, prepare, refuse,seek, swear, undertake,want, wish等。
初中英语动词不定式
1.动词不定式做补语1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)advise allow appoint believe cause challenge commandcompel consider declare drive enable encourage findforbid force guess hire imagine impel induceinform instruct invite judge know like orderpermit persuade remind report request require select sendstate suppose tell think train trust understand urgewarn例句:a.Father will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
b.We believe him to be guilty.我们相信他是有罪的。
Find 的特殊用法:Find 后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to 的动词不定式。
find后也可带一个从句。
此类动词还有get,have。
I found him lying on the ground.I found it important to learn.I found that to learn English is important.典型例题:The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead.A. lyingB. lieC. layD. laying答案:A. find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用。
现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。
2) to + be 的不定式结构,作补语的动词。
Acknowledge,believe,consider,think,declare(声称),discover, fancy(设想),feel find,guess,judge,imagine,know,prove,see(理解), show,suppose,take(以为),understandWe consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。
初中英语动词不定式的基本用法讲课教案
初中英语动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式(the infinitive)的基本用法动词不定式1. “not/never to do / not do”.2. 基本用法:不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化。
一、不定式的句法功能1. 作主语eg: I t’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school.不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时 it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置,往往放v.和adj.之后。
e.g. To learn English well is not easy.= It’s not easy to learn English well.★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for + 名词或代词宾格”构成, 即:跟踪练习1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers.2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream.3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换)________ ________ English well ______ very important.4. It’s important _______ Chinese well.A. to learnB. learnC. learningD. learns2. 作表语eg:The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特征等,可与系动词构成系表结构。
eg:Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.My job is to clean the streets.跟踪练习1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day.2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor.3. 作宾语eg:The driver offered to help the patient.有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语,表示命令、打算或希望等。
初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法
9Aunit3 语法(一)动词不定式用法形动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不可以独立作谓语。
但动词不定式具闻名词、容词和副词特色,在句中能够作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。
此外,动词不定式拥有动词特色,能够有自己的宾语和状语,构成动词不定式短语。
动词不定式的必定形式是to+do;其否认形式是not to +do。
下边以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详尽说明。
1.作主语能够直接作主语。
如:To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用it 作形式主语,真实的主语即动词不定式放在后边。
如:It's wrong to play tricks on other people .It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy .点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在 It is + adj.(形容词)+ to do sth.或 It is + n.(名词)+ to do sth.句型中, it 仅作形式主语。
2.作宾语a. want, decide , agree 等动词后边跟而且只好跟不定式。
如:We agreed to start early.She wants to be a doctor.b. love,like,begin,start,hate,prefer等词后边能够接不定式。
点击规律:上述动词后边除接不定式外,还能够接动名词,意思无很大差别。
提示板: like doing 指常常性动作,而like to do 指一次性的动作。
如:I like swimming , but I don't like to swim now .我喜爱游泳,但我此刻不想游。
c. stop, forget , remember, go on , try 等词或短语后边能够接不定式。
点击规律:上述动词后边接不定式和接动名词意思大不同样。
初中英语中的动词不定式
初中英语中的动词不定式动词不定式作在句中可以充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语等。
1.动词不定式作宾语当句了中已经有谓语动词,而我们又要表达不止一个动作概念时,其它的动词可以使用非谓语形式表达。
动词不定式就是动词的种非谓语形式,其基本形式是“to + 动词原形”。
如:He wants to play football after class,他想课后瑞足球.Remember to turn off the light when you leave the romm. 记住离开房间时把关灯了。
注意:动词不定式在句子中不作谓语,因此没有人称、数和时态的变化。
动词不定式在句中常作谓语动词的宾语,这一类谓语动词常见的有:agree(同意),choose(选择),decide(决定),forget(忘记),hope(希望),learn(学习),ike(喜欢),plan(计划),prepare(准备),promise(答应),refuse(拒绝),remember(i记得),seem(觉得好像),want(想要),wish(希望),would like(想要)。
我们可以这样来记忆,choose to do something,decide to do something等。
She decided to visit her grandparents this weekend.她决定这个周未去看望她的祖父母。
注意:动词不定式的否定形式是“not to + 动词原形”。
如:You must promise not to be late again.你必须保证不再迟到了。
2.疑问词+ 动词不定式我们可以用“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构作动词的宾语。
疑问词包括疑问代词wht、which、who和疑问副词how、when、where等。
常和“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构连用的动词及动词短语有:know、learn、see、hear、ask、tell、advise、decide、explain、find out、forget、remember、think、understand、wonder等。
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1. Sally 总是拒绝和妹妹玩. Sally always ___ ___ ___ ___ with her younger sister. 2. 她宁愿步行不乘公共汽车. She would ___ walk ___ ___ the bus. 3. 我没有把玩电脑游戏的事告诉她. I didn’t ___ her ___ the computer games. 4. 我突然意识到我犯错了. Suddenly I realised that I ___ ___ .
1 .我可以捎个口信吗? Can I ___ ___ ___? 2. 我可以问你些私人问题吗? Can I ask you ___ ___ ___? 3. 请别挂电话,我看看她是否在。 ___ ___ ___ , please. I’ll see if she’s in. 4. 记者正在采访凯丽。 The reporters are___ ___ ___ ___ Kylie. 5. 请告诉我你来自何方。 Just tell me ___ ___ ___.
10. 在人的一生中有许多不同的事情可做。 __ __ many different things to do ___ ___. 11. 哈里波特的故事非常受欢迎,因此更多的 青少年比以前更喜欢读了。 The Harry Potter stories are very popular and ___ ___ ___ more teenagers ___ ___ than before. 12.琼能歌善舞。 Jane ___ ___ ___ singing and dancing. 13.爸爸常常在电视上看篮球赛。 Dad often ___ ___ ___ ___.
• ( ) 4. I don’t know where _______________ • A. lives Mr. Brown B. does Mr. Brown live • C. does Mr. Brown lives D. Mr. Brown lives • ( ) 5. Could you tell me _____________? • A. who the old man is B. where do you live • C. whose bike is this D. when the meeting start • ( ) 6. I really don’t know what ____________? A. does he buy B. he has bought C. did he buy D. has he bought • ( ) 7. Paula looked very tired and the teacher asked her what ______ with her. • A. was wrong B. wrong was • C. the matter is D. is the matter
1.今天最新的新闻是什么? What’s ___ ___ ___ today? 2. 中国与英国比赛的分数是多少? What’s ___ ___ ___ China-England match? 3. 课堂上不要讲话. ___ ___ in class. 4. 昨天校长带领乡村教师参观我们学校. Our headmaster ___ the teachers from the countryside ___ our school. 5. 他们为什么不同意对方的意见. Why don’t they ___ ___ each other?
10. 他讨厌看到他的队输. He hates ___ his team ___. 11. 我记得看过这部电影. I ___ ___ the film. 12.你知道他们那时在干什么吗? Do you know ___ ___ ___ ___ at that time? 13. 明天天气如何? 会出太阳,不会下雨. What ___ the weather ___ ___ tomorrow? It’s going to ___ ___. It isn’t going to ___. 14.你除了足球还喜欢其他体育运动吗? Do you like other sports ___ ___ ___ football?
Revision A
翻译句子 宾语从句 状语从句
动词不定式
1. 你多久收拾房间一次? ___ ___ do you ___ ___ your room? 2. 什么使你对音乐产生了兴趣? What made you ___ ___ music? 3. 本学期末你有什么打算? What are you going to do___ ___ ___ ___ ___? 4. 空余时间你喜欢做什么? What do you like to do ___ ___ ___ ___? 5.爱好可以使你长大成人。 Hobbies can _____ you _____ ____ a person.
15. 你是怎样为考试做准备的? How do you ___ ___ the exam? 16. 这个节目持续了两个半小时. The programme lasted ___ ___ ___ ___ ___. 17. 过马路是要当心车辆. Please ___ ___ ___ the cars when you cross the road. 18. 我将把你介绍给你最喜欢的主持人认识. I’ll ____ you ___ your favourite ____.
5. 你为什么朝陌生人笑? Why do you ___ ___ strangers? 6. 用你的照相机为我照张像行吗? ___ ___ ___ ___ me ___ your camera, will you? 7. 如果你想知道它的工作原理,阅读说明书. If you want to know ___ ___ ___, ___ ___ ___. 8. 如果你想用手机 发送文本信息,你该怎样做? What do you do if you want to ___ ___ ___ with your mobile phone? 9. 你能告诉我如何使用刻录机吗? Can you tell me ___ ___ ___ the recorder?
宾语从句专练
• ( ) 1. Do you know ___________ during the coming summer holiday? • A. what Tom will do B. what did Tom will do • C. what will Tom do D. what Tom did • ( ) 2. ----Would you please tell me ________________? • ----In a small village near Ningbo. • A. where was your mother born • B. where your mother was born • C. when was your mother born • D. when your mother was born • ( ) 3. Do you think ___________ an English film tomorrow night? • A. is there B. there is going to have • C. will there be D. there is going to be
14. 我们的朋友遍天下。 We have friends ___ ___ ___ ___. 15. 他们按照过去人们所生活的方式去生活。 They__ __ __ __ that people did in the past. 16.他们不仅周末过得开心,而且还学习很多 有关过去的生活知识。 They __ __ enjoy the weekend, __ __ learn a lot about life __ __ __. 17. 哪项运动有助于发展新技能。 Which hobby helps __ __ __.
9. 吃早餐,否则你会饿的. Eat some breakfast, ___ you’ll ___ ___ . 10. 如果你得不到充足的睡眠,你会觉得疲惫. If you ___ ___ ___ ___ , you’ll feel tired . 11. 我认为没有任何人能够做这件事. I ___ think anyone will ___ ___ ___ do that. 12.如果我们不更加努力学习,我们将考不出好 成绩. If we don’t ___ ___ , we won’t ___ ___ ___ the exam.
6. 一些爱好是放松的,另一些是有创造力的 Some hobbies are ___ and ____ ____ ____. 7. 2003 年的秋天他写了一本关于青少年的书 并于第二年出版。 He wrote a book ___teenage life ___ ___ ___ ___ 2003 and it ___ ___ as a book the next year. 8.她的爱好给她带来了成功与快乐。 Her hobby has brought her ___ and ___. 9. 我同学的爱好除了听音乐以外,还在一个乐 队演奏音乐。 My classmate’s hobby is ___ ___in a band, __ __ __ listening to music.
1.在录像前你通常会做什么? What do you do before you ___ ___? 2. 如果你想回放,按绿色键. If you want to ___ ___ , press the green button. 3. 他关上冰箱门是为了可以安全避开蛇. He closed the fridge door ___ ___ he was safe from the snake. 4.他第二天就离开了医院. He left hospital ___ ___ ___.