中国政法大学考博英语真题之翻译

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2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷10

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Some plants contain substances that interfere with the digestive processes of animals. 问题1选项A.disruptB.encourageC.augmentD.trigger【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。

interfere with表示“干涉，妨碍”；A项disrupt“破坏，瓦解”，B项encourage“鼓励”，C项argument“争论”，D项trigger“引发，触发”。

句意：有些植物含有干扰动物消化过程的物质。

根据句意该题选A。

2.单选题To preserve one’s dignity, the equilibrium between widely divergent impulses has to be maintained.问题1选项A.equalityB.confusionC.distinctionD.poise【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

equilibrium表示“平衡，均衡”。

A项equality“平等，相等”，B项confusion“混淆，混乱”，C项distinction“区别，差别”，D项poise“平衡，姿势”；句意：为了维护一个人的尊严，必须保持迥然不同的冲动之间的平衡。

根据句意该题选D。

3.单选题The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused, but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge (facts).Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy. For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths. There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories are attempts to explain natural phenomena. From these positions scientists continue to experiment and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nature or that questions are unanswerable; he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of their time and energy. Actually, two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science. The other is armed at using knowledge for specific purposes—for instance, improving health, raising standards of living, orapproach is referred to as applied science.Sometimes practical-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of its immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such a practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however, one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell. The host of scientists dedicating their lives to pure science are not apologetic about ignoring the practical side of their discoveries; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.46. To define science we may simply call it ______.47. Pure science, leading to the construction of a microscope, ______.48. A scientist interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach ______.49. Which of the following statements does the author imply?50. The best title for the passage is ______.问题1选项A.the study of unrelated subjectsB.an attempt to explain natural phenomenaC.the study of unrelated fieldsD.classified knowledge问题2选项A.may lead to antiscientific, impure resultsB.necessarily precedes applied science, leading to the discovery of a cellC.is not always as pure as we supposeD.necessarily results from applied science and the discovery of a cell问题3选项A.applied scienceB.agricultural scienceC.pure scienceD.environmental science问题4选项A.Scientists engaged in theoretical research should not be blamed for ignoring the practical side of their discoveries.B.Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.C.In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.D.Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science.问题5选项A.The Nature of Science and ScientistsB.Biology and the Scientific AgeC.Hypotheses and TheoriesD.On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】46.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：45

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States, and the only one specifically created by the Constitution. A decision of the Supreme Court cannot be appealed to any other court. The Supreme Court has original jurisdiction in only two kinds of cases: those involving foreign dignitaries and those in which a state is a party. All other cases reach the Court on appeal from lower courts. A significant amount of the work of the Supreme Court consists of determining whether legislation or executive acts conform to the Constitution. This power of judicial review is doctrine inferred by the Court from its reading of the Constitution, and forcefully stated in the landmark Marbury vs. Madison case of 1803. The doctrine has also been extended to cover the activities of state and local governments.【答案】参考译文：最高法院是美国的最高法院，也是唯一一个由宪法专门设立的法院。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：88

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.翻译题我一直以为大学校长是高瞻远瞩、指导学术与教育大方向的决策人，而不是管馒头稀饭的保姆。

这一类型的教育者的用心，毋庸置疑，当然是善意的。

问题是，我们论“事”的时候，用心如何根本不重要，重要的是实际后果，而教育的后果何其严重！在这种过度呵护的幼稚教育下成长的大学生，遇事时，除了“眼泪汪汪”之外又能做些什么呢？【答案】参考译文：I have always considered university presidents to be far-sighted decision—makers who conduct academic research and guide main directions of education rather than babysitters who are in charge of students’ daily life. Of course, there is no doubt that such educators have very good intentions. The problem is, when we make judgments on something, what matter are not intentions but the actual consequences. And how serious the consequences of education are! What can you expect the university students who are brought up in an educational system which treat them like babies to do except for seeing them to shed tears in face of an actual hardship problem?2.翻译题An individual human existence should be like a river—small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man, who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done. 【答案】参考译文：一个人的存在应该像一条河流——开始是涓涓细流，被限制在狭窄的河岸之间，然后热情奔放地冲过岩石，越过瀑布。

中国政法大学考博英语真题核心词汇

中国政法大学考博英语真题核心词汇1.rational,reasonablerational a.理性的，区别于无理性;理智的，区别于感情用事的。

The rational thing to do was to take the sick man to a doctor.理智的做法是送病人去看医生。

reasonable a.有道理的，公平合理的，或指人讲道理的。

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That man works very hard,so it is reasonable for him to ask for more money.那个人工作努力，所以他要求加薪是合情合理的。

2.refrain,restrain,constrainrefrain v.抑制，禁止，强调抑制一种冲动，是正式用语，为不及物动词，后接介词from。

Students refrain from smoking in the classroom.学生们克制住不在教室抽烟。

restrain v.抑制，约束，指通过管束阻止某事发生，是及物动词，其习惯用法是restrain sb.(sth.)from doing。

She restrains her dog by walking him on a leash.溜狗时，她牵着狗来限制它的活动。

constrain v.强迫，力劝，是及物动词。

A law constrains the government from spending more money than it takes in.法律限制政府开支大于收入。

3.respectable,respectful,respective一组形近易混词。

respectable a.值得尊敬的，有好名声的。

They are respectable people who are liked and trusted in their town.他们在家乡是受人们敬爱和信任的人。

中国政法大学考博英语真题词汇汇总

中国政法大学考博英语真题词汇汇总oath/n.誓言，誓约;咒骂，诅咒语obedience/n.服从，顺从obedient/a.服从的，顺从的object/n.物体;客体，对象;目的，目标;宾语/v.(to)反对objection/n.(to)反对，异议objective/n.目标，目的 a.客观的，真实的obligation/n.义务，责任oblige/v.迫使;责成;(使)感激，施恩于obscure/a.暗的，朦胧的;模糊的，晦涩的observation/n.观察，观测，监视;[pl.]观察资料或报告，言论obsession/n.着迷，惦念;萦绕于心的事情或人obsolete/a.已废弃的，过时的obstacle/n.障碍，妨碍，干扰obstinate/a.顽固的，固执的obstruct/vt.妨碍，阻挠需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。

obstruction/n.妨碍，障碍物obvious/a.明显的，显而易见的occasion/n.场合，时节，时刻;时机，机会occasional/a.偶然的，非经常的，特殊场合的;临时的;不时的occupation/n.占领，占据;占用occupy/v.占，占用;占据，占领occurrence/n.发生，出现;事件，事故，发生的事情odd/a.奇数的，单的;奇怪的，古怪的odds/n.不平等，差异;机会odor/odour/n.气味，臭气，香味offend/v.冒犯，触犯，得罪;使不快，使恼火offense/offence/n.犯罪，犯规，过错;冒犯，触怒offensive/a.冒犯的，攻击的n.攻势，进攻offset/n.分支，补偿v.抵销，补偿offspring/n.子孙，后代;结果，产物omit/v.省略，删去;遗漏，忽略opaque/a.不透明(光)的;难理解的，晦涩的opening/n.口子，孔;开始，开端 a.开始的，开幕的opponent/n.对手，反对者，敌手 a.对立的，对抗的opportunity/n.机会oppose/v.反对，反抗opposite/a.(to)对面的，对立的，相反的n.对立面，对立物prep.在……的对面oppress/v.压迫，压制opt/v.选择optical/a.眼的，视力的;光学的optimum/n.最佳的，最有利的option/n.选择，选择权optional/a.可以任选的，非强制的orbit/v.(使)沿轨道行orderly/a.整齐的，有秩序的，有条理的n.勤务兵orient/n.[the O]东方v.定……的方位oriental/a.东方的original/a.最初的，原始的，原文的;新颖的，有创造性的n.原物，原作，原文originate/v.(in，from)起源，发生;首创，创造ornament/v.装饰，美化/n.装饰，装饰物orthodox/a.传统的，符合社会风俗的;正统的outbreak/n.爆发outcome/n.结果，成果outermost/a.最外层的，远离中心的outfit/n.装备，供给outing/n.短途旅行，远足outlet/n.出路，出口;发泄方法，排遣outline/n.轮廓，略图;大纲，梗概v.概述，略述outlook/n.景色，风光;观点，见解output/n.产量，输出量outrage/n.残忍，暴行;骇然事件outset/n.开始，开端outskirts/n.郊区outstanding/a.突出的，显著的oval/n./a.椭圆形(的)overall/a.全面的，综合的/n.[pl.](套头)工作服，工装裤overcome/v.战胜，克服overestimate/v.估计过高，过高评价overflow/v.(使)外溢，(使)溢出;溢出，流出，漫出overhaul/v.大修，仔细检查/n.大修，仔细检查overhear/v.偶然听到，从旁听到overlap/v.重叠，与……交叠/n.重叠overlook/v.看漏，忽略;俯瞰，眺望;宽容，放任overnight/a.一夜间，一下子;突然/ad.一夜间，一下子;突然overseas/a.外国的，海外的ad.在海外overtake/v.追上，赶过，超过;袭击，压倒overthrow/v.推翻，颠覆/n.推翻，颠覆overtime/a.超时的，加班的ad.加班overturn/vt.推翻，颠覆overview/n.概述，概观overwhelm/v.压倒，制服overwhelming/a.势不可挡的，压倒的owe/v.欠(债)等，应向……付出;得感谢，(to)应归功于owing/a.欠的，未付的ozone/n.臭氧本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

各校考博英语翻译 - 答案

北理工05翻译参考答案A. 1．我们不是因为种族和肤色的不同而犯错误，也不是因为性别的不同、年龄的长幼。

我们不是因为我们想犯错误而犯了选择或判断的错误。

我们都会犯错误，因为我们是普通人。

犯错误，做出错误判断和做愚蠢的事都是人类的一部分。

我们不能隐瞒自己是谁，也不能躲避我们所做的。

当我们承认了我们的错误和过失并敢于面对自己的缺点时，没有人会用这些来指责我们。

2．我们首先要对自己负责任。

我们可以帮助别人。

我们不能让我们为别人做的事或别人为我们做的事显得比我们为自己做的事更重要。

当我们发现有些事或有些人给我们的生活带来不想要的东西时，我们必须鼓起勇气和力量去制止他们。

这样做，我们就得到了自我保护了。

B. A few years ago, I got to know a young Chinese. He was very clever but highly self-willed and he was eager to go to USA for college education but failed to get admitted by Ivy &Miami University, which he applied for. Luckily, he received the scholarship from an art college, which is a small-scaled and less well-known university among the well-educated Americans. And this university is rarely known in China. All the Americans who had heard his experience were feeling happy for him. But the young man himself was anxious and confused，for the schools ranked behind and his classmates seldom heard of it and their congratulations are few. was his “success” a failure? Should he have stayed in the top university, which had admitted him in Beijing? Or should he have transferred to an American university that he thought would have admitted him? He was still hesitating when time was up that he had to leave. And he even showed regret to his friends.This was an example showing how harmful the place of the school fame or popularity is to young people. However, it was impossible for young people to what is the best university because everyone has his or her own criteria. Even if all of them may agree with certain criteria, they many still have particular opinions and evaluations of their own, which reflect the incompleteness of the information on the school they may have. Maybe one pays particular attention to the quality of the school’s library, another emphasizes the convenience of using computer, and other people may think it is important for the communication between teachers and students, rather than the quality of the library or computer room. If so, how could it be decided?北理工06翻译参考答案Section A21．每一个人都会有一些感到惭愧的、害怕的或内疚的事情。

中国政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析

中国政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析The Englishman has been called a political animal,and he valueswhat is political and practical so much that ideas easily becomeobjects of dislike in his eyes,and thinkers,miscreants,becausepractice is everything,a free play of the mind is nothing.(46)Thenotion of the free play of the mind upon all subjects being a pleasurein itself,being an object of desire,being an essential provider ofelements without which a nation’s spirit,whatever compensations itmay have for them,must in the long run,die of emptiness,hardlyenters into an Englishman’s thoughts.It is noticeable that the wordcuriosity,which in other languages is used in a good sense,to mean,as a high and fine quality of man’s nature,just this disinterestedlove of a free play of the mind on all subjects,for its own sake—itis noticeable,I say,that this word has in our language no sense ofthe kind,no sense but a rather bad and disparaging one.But criticism,real criticism,is essentially the exercise of this very quality.(47)It obeys an instinct prompting it to try to know the best thatis known and thought in the world,irrespectively of practice,Gengduo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lianxi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi politics,andeverything of the kind;and to value knowledge and thought as theyapproach this best,without the intrusion of any other considerationswhatever.(48)This is an instinct for which there is,I think,littleoriginal sympathy in the practical English nature,and what there was of it has undergone a long benumbing period of blight and suppression in the epoch of Romanticism.(49)It is of the last importance that English criticism should clearly discern what rule for its course,in order to avail itself of the field now opening to it,and to produce fruit for the future, it ought to take.The rule may be summed up in oneword-disinterestedness.And how is criticism to show disinterestedness?By keeping aloof from what is called“the practical view of things”;by resolutely following the law of its own nature,which is to be a free play of the mind on all subjects which it touches.(50)By steadily refusing to lend itself to any of those concealed,political,practical considerations about ideas, which plenty of people will be sure to attach to them,but which criticism has really nothing to do with.Its business is,as I have said,simply to know the best that is known and thought in the world, and by in its turn making this known,to create a current of true and fresh ideas.Its business is to do this with inflexible honesty,with due ability;but its business is to do no more.答案46.对所有事物的自由思考本身就是一种乐趣，一种愿望，为民族精神提供了赖以生存的重要因素。

中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析

中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about the state.The Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints1the construction of idea__l__states，such as__2__to the Greeks.With very few exceptions，Roman theorists ignored，or rejected__3__valueless，intellectual exercises like Plato‘s Republic，in__4__the relationship of the individual to the state was__5__out painstakingly without reference to__6__states or individuals.The closest the Roman came to the Greek model was Cicero’s De Re Publica，and even here Cicero had Rome clearly in__7__. Roman thought about the state was concrete，even when it__8__ religious and moral concepts.The first ruler of Rome，Romulus，was__9__to have received authority from the gods，specifically from Jupiter，the“guarantor”of Rome.All constitutional__10__was a method of conferring and administering the__11__.Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the__12__，the family heads who formed the original senate，__13__the religious character necessary to exercise authority，because its original function was to__14__the gods.Being practical as well as exclusive，the senators moved__15__to divide the authority，holding that their consuls，or chief officials，would possess it on__16__months，and later extending its possession to lower officials.__17__the important achievement was to create the idea of continuing__18__authority embodied only temporarily in certain upper-class individuals and conferred only__19__the mass ofthe people concurred.The system grew with enormous__20__，as new offices and assemblies were created and almost none discarded.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.1.[A]with[B]for[C]in[D]to2.[A]tempted[B]attracted[C]appealed[D]transferred3.[A]on[B]for[C]as[D]about4.[A]which[B]that[C]what[D]it5.[A]turned[B]worked[C]brought[D]made6.[A]special[B]specific[C]peculiar[D]particular7.[A]existence[B]store[C]reality[D]mind8.[A]abandoned[B]caught[C]separated[D]involved9.[A]told[B]held[C]suggested[D]advised10.[A]tendency[B]procedure[C]development[D]relation11.[A]authority[B]power[C]control[D]ruling12.[A]officers[B]men[C]administrators[D]fathers13.[A]possessed[B]claimed[C]assured[D]enforced14.[A]confirm[B]confer[C]consult[D]consider15.[A]over[B]along[C]on[D]about16.[A]alternate[B]different[C]varied[D]several17.[A]And[B]So[C]Or[D]But18.[A]state[B]country[C]people[D]national19.[A]as[B]when[C]if[D]so20.[A]dimension[B]complexity[C]exercise[D]function答案1.B2.C3.C4.A5.B6.D7.D8.D9.B10.C11.A12.D13.A14.C15.C16.A17.D18.A19.B20.B总体分析本文介绍了罗马人有关国家建设的理论。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：90

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题He decided to go ahead with his project ______ what other people said.问题1选项A.regardingB.regardless ofC.regardlessD.regarding of【答案】B【解析】考查词组。

A项regarding“关于，至于”，B项regardless of“不管，不顾”，C项regardless“不管的”，D项regarding of“关于”。

句意：不论其他人怎么说，他都决定继续完成他的计划。

根据句意，正确答案为B。

2.单选题Once our attention has been ensnared, we still need to be sufficiently intrigued to read the story.问题1选项A.detractedB.drawnC.removedD.buffed【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。

ensnared在句中是“引诱”，A选项detracted“转移”；B选项drawn“吸引”；C选项removed“迁移”；D选项buff“降低，缓冲”。

句意：当我们的注意力被勾起时，我们仍需被激起足够的兴趣去阅读这个故事。

根据句意B项正确。

3.单选题“More haste, less speed” is saying two opposite things.问题1选项A.an eppeB.a questC.a paradoxD.a clue【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。

opposite things表示“相反的事情”；A项eppe“击剑运动用的重剑”，B项quest“追求”，C项paradox“悖论，反论”，D项clue“线索”。

句意：“欲速则不达”是两种截然相反的说法。

[整理版]各校考博英语翻译

北理工05翻译A. Translate the following two short paragraphs into Chinese.(10 points)1. We do not make mistakes on the basis of race or color. We don not make them because we are male or female, young or old. We do no make mistakes of choice or judgments because we want to make mistakes. We make them because we are human. Mistakes, bad judgments, the stupid things we do are all a part of being human. We cannot hide from who we are. We should not hide from what we do. When we acknowledge our mistakes or errors and face up to our human shortcomings, no one can use them against us.2. We are first and foremost responsible to and for ourselves. We can help other people. We can assist other people. What we cannot do is make what we do for others or others do for us more important than what we do for ourselves. When we find something or someone creating in our lives something we don not want, we must muster the courage and strength to tell them to stop it. When we do, we preserve our sense of self.B. Translate the following two paragraphs into English.(20 points)几年前我认识一个非常聪明但任性的中国青年，他急切地想去美国读大学，但又没有被他申请的长春藤合会名牌大学录取。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：75

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Airbnb announced that it’s going after the major hotel chains—which at first sounded kind of cute, like a precocious Little League pitcher saying he’s going to strike out Miguel Cabrera.But when CEO Brian Chesky laid out his thinking for me while sitting on a barrel in Airbnb’s new, funky headquarters in San Francisco, I thought the investors who have pumped $326 million into the company might not be too dim. Airbnb is becoming much more than a way to spend $26 a night to sleep in London with five other people at The Imperial Fleapit.In fact, Airbnb is looking like a proof point of a trend that has been getting a lot of attention lately. Come refer to it as the DIY for do it yourself-movement. Venture capitalist Hemant Taneja, looking at it form a different angle, calls it “unsealing.” Chesky uses the term “decentralized production.” Marc Andreessen hit on the concept in a manifesto entitled “Why Software Is Eating the World.”It all points to the same idea: Information technology is eroding the power of large-scale mass production. We’re instead moving toward a world of massive numbers of small-producers offering unique stuff—and of consumers who reject mass-produced stuff. The Internet, software, 3D printing, social networks, cloud computing and other technologies are making this economically feasible—in fact desirable.The hotel industry and the way Airbnb thinks about it—is an example of how that is playing out. There is a fundamental truth about big hotel chains that is only now being exposed in the Internet age: Hotel chains grew out of a lack of information.In the middle of last century cars and highways made the world far more mobile. Many more people traveled to towns they didn’t kn ow and they needed places to sleep. They had no way to know which hotel or boarding house might be nice or offer amenities they wanted. Travel guides, like Mobil’s popped up in the 1950s, but for the most part information remained scarce.Still, the underlying story of Airbnb, information and the major hotels will get replayed in lots of industries in the next few years: Mass production and sameness mean safety when information, intimacy and trust don’t exist. As information delivered globally and cheaply over the Internet, brings back intimacy and trust, the advantage of uniformity at scale slips away.41. According to the passage, Airbnb is a hotel that might be ______.42. According to the passage, the future of mass production will be ______.43. According to the passage, hotel chains were ______.44. According to the passage, the advantage of uniformity at scale ______.45. Which of the following might be the title of the passage? 问题1选项A.famousB.uniqueC.funkyD.luxurious问题2选项A.feasibleB.desirableC.economicD.dim问题3选项A.the result of scarce informationB.the result of internet ageC.exposed to the consumersD.the example of Airbnb问题4选项A.will create a lot of industriesB.will decrease cost and employ moreC.will be strengthened by intimacyD.will be weakened by information问题5选项A.The Styles of Hotels.B.The Choice of Consumers.C.The End of Mass Production.D.The Importance of information.【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:D第5题:C【解析】41.【试题答案】C【试题解析】判断推理题。

中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析

中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world arethe ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century NewEngland.According to the standard history of American philosophy,nowhere else in colonial America was“So much important attached tointellectual pursuits”According to many books and articles,NewEngland’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupationsof an unfolding,dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectuallife.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to startwith the Puritans’theological innovations and their distinctiveideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect.But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life,we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European cultureadjusting to New world circumstances.The New England colonies werethe scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understoodideals of civility and virtuosity.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men ofimpressive education and influence in England.Besides the ninety orso learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decadeafter1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop,aneducated gentleman,lawyer,and official of the Crown before hejourneyed to Boston.There men wrote and published extensively,reaching both New World and Old World audiences,and giving NewEngland an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget,however,that most New Englanders were less well educated.While few crafts men or farmers,let alone dependents and servants,left literary compositions to be analyzed,their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality.A tailor named John Dane,who emigrated in the late1630s,left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs.sexual confusion,economic frustrations,and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible,told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate,and read the magical words:“come out from among them,touch no unclean thing,and I will be your God and you shall be my people.”One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.Mean while,many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s,as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion.“Our main end was to catch fish.”36.The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England_________.[A]Puritan tradition dominated political life[B]intellectual interests were encouraged[C]Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors[D]intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment37.It is suggested in paragraph2that New Englanders________.[A]experienced a comparatively peaceful early history[B]brought with them the culture of the Old World[C]paid little attention to southern intellectual life[D]were obsessed with religious innovations38.The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay________.[A]were famous in the New World for their writings[B]gained increasing importance in religious affairs[C]abandoned high positions before coming to the New World[D]created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England39.The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often________.[A]influenced by superstitions[B]troubled with religious beliefs[C]puzzled by church sermons[D]frustrated with family earnings40.The text suggests that early settlers in New England________.[A]were mostly engaged in political activities[B]were motivated by an illusory prospect[C]came from different backgrounds[D]left few formal records for later referencePart BDirections:Directions:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions(41-45),choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution.Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena,including human societies,changed over time,advancing toward perfection.41.____________.本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。

中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题及其精解

中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题及其精解Scientists have known since1952that DNA is the basic stuff ofheredity.They've known its chemical structure since1953.They knowthat human DNA acts like a biological computer program some3billionbits long that spells out the instructions for making proteins,thebasic building blocks of life.But everything the genetic engineers have accomplished during thepast half-century is just a preamble to the work that Collins andAnderson and legions of colleagues are doing now.Collins leads theHuman Genome Project,a15-year effort to draw the first detailed mapof every nook and cranny and gene in human DNA.Anderson,who pioneeredthe first successful human gene-therapy operations,is leading thecampaign to put information about DNA to use as quickly as possiblein the treatment and prevention of human diseases.What they and other researchers are plotting is nothing less thana biomedical revolution.Like Silicon Valley pirates Geng duo yuanxiao wan zheng zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian feizi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zixun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi reverse-engineering a computerchip to steal a competitor's secrets,genetic engineers are decodinglife's molecular secrets and trying to use that knowledge to reversethe natural course of disease.DNA in their hands has become both ablueprint and a drug,a pharmacological substance of extraordinarypotency that can treat not just symptoms or the diseases that causethem but also the imperfections in DNA that make people susceptible to a disease.And that's just the beginning.For all the fevered work being done, however,science is still far away from the Brave New World vision of engineering a perfect human—or even a perfect tomato.Much more research is needed before gene therapy becomes commonplace,and many diseases will take decades to conquer,if they can be conquered at all.In the short run,the most practical way to use the new technology will be in genetic screening.Doctors will be able to detect all sorts of flaws in DNA long before they can be fixed.In some cases the knowledge may lead to treatments that delay the onset of the disease or soften its effects.Someone with a genetic predisposition to heart disease,for example,could follow a low-fat diet.And if scientists determine that a vital protein is missing because the gene that was supposed to make it is defective,they might be able to give the patient an artificial version of the protein.But in other instances, almost nothing can be done to stop the ravages brought on by genetic mutations.(409words)66.It can be inferred from the text that Collins and Anderson and legions of colleagues_____.[A]know that human DNA acts like a biological computer program[B]have found the basic building blocks of life[C]have accomplished some genetic discovery during the pasthalf-century[D]are making a breakthrough in DNA67.Collins and Anderson are cited in the text to indicate all the following EXCEPT that______.[A]time-consuming effort is needed to accomplish the detailed map of in human DNA[B]human gene-therapy operations may be applied to the patients[C]gene-therapy now is already generally used to the treatment and prevention of human diseases[D]information about DNA may be used in the treatment and prevention of human diseases68.The word“pirate”(line2,paragraph3)means______.[A]one who robs at sea or plunders the land from the sea[B]one who makes use of or reproduces the work of another without authorization[C]to take(something)by piracy[D]to make use of or reproduce(another's work)without authorization69.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_____.[A]engineering a perfect human is not feasible for the time being[B]it’s impossible for scientists to engineer a perfect tomato[C]many diseases will never be conquered by human beings[D]doctors will be able to cure all sorts of flaws in DNA in the long run70.The best title for the text may be______.[A]DNA and Heredity[B]The Genetic Revolution[C]A Biomedical Revolution[D]How to Apply Genetic Technology66. D.正在DNA方面取得突破。

中国政法大学考博英语高频词汇

中国政法大学考博英语高频词汇新东方在线考博频道整理了历年中国政法大学考博英语真题总结了中国政法大学考博英语高频词汇，希望对考博生们有所帮助。

hail n.雹子，v. 向…欢呼halve vt.对分;平摊ham n.火腿;(兽类的)后踝hamper vt.阻碍,使困累,妨碍handbook n.手册，便览，指南handicap n.残疾;障碍handout n.施舍物，救济品handy a.手边的;便于使用的a.方便的;便于使用的hardy adj.耐寒的、强壮的harmonious adj.和睦的,调和的,和谐的,协调的harp n.竖琴harsh adj.粗糙的,刺耳的,严厉的hatch n.船舱盖haughty adj.傲慢的，自大的haul vt.拖曳;拖运haunt [hC:nt]vt. 常到，常去，(思想)萦扰，(鬼魅等)常出没于n.常到之地n.危险headlong adj.莽撞的;轻率的headquarter v.以...为总部，设公司于hearth n.壁炉地面;炉边hearty a.衷心的;丰盛的heater n.加热的人，加热器heave v.用力拉，举heaven n.天堂;天，天空n.上帝，神heighten vt.提高hemisphere n.半球;半球地图henceforth ad.今后，从今以后herald vt.预报,宣布,传达,欢呼herb n.草本植物;香草herd n.兽群。

v.聚集，放牧hesitate vi.犹豫，踌躇;含糊vi.含糊，支吾;口吃hide n.兽皮hike v.使高涨,拉起n.提高，增加hindrance n.妨碍，阻碍hinge n.铰链，关键hip n.臀部，髋;屋脊hiss v.作嘘声，(蛇等)发出嘶嘶声historian n.历史学家;编史家historic adj.历史上著名的, 有历史性的hitherto ad.迄今，到目前为止hoarse adj.嘶哑的，粗嗄的hoe vt.&vi.锄地hoist vt.升起vi.扯起来homely adj.家常的, 朴素的;不漂亮的homogeneous adj.同类的，相似的hook n.钩、钓钩hop vi.跳舞;(人)单足跳horizon n.地平线，(思想之)眼界horn n.角,角质,喇叭hose n.长筒袜;软管hospitality n.好客，殷勤hostage n.人质hostess n.女主人;空姐n.女主人;旅馆女老板hostile adj.敌对的，敌意的hound n.猎狗。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：23

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In the months and years that followed as I traversed the Northwest Passage, I came to accept such surprises as commonplace.问题1选项A.passed overB.passed awayC.passed onD.passed across【答案】D【解析】考查词组辨析。

traverse表示“穿过，来回移动”；A项pass over“越过，忽略”，B项pass away“去世，停止”，C项pass on“传递，继续下去”，D项pass across“横穿”。

句意：在接下来的几个月和几年里，当我穿越西北航道时，我渐渐接受了这样的惊喜，认为这是司空见惯的事。

根据句意该题选D。

2.单选题The rice and cotton fields are beset with swarms of pests like rice hopper and pink bollworm. 问题1选项A.investedB.infestedC.infectedD.injected【答案】B【解析】考查词义辨析。

Beset表示“困扰，围绕”；A项invest“投资，覆盖”，B项infest“大批滋生”，C项infect“感染”，D项inject“注入，注射”。

句意：稻田和棉田被成群的害虫所包围，如稻虱和粉虱。

因此B项正确。

3.单选题______, many operations once performed by hand have come to be performed by machine.问题1选项A.New technology is introduced forB.Introducing new technology andC.With the introduction of new technologyD.The introduction of new technology【答案】C【解析】考查句子结构。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：20

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题You ______ all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked a shop assistant.问题1选项A.didn’t need to carryB.needn’t have carriedC.needn’t carryD.didn’t need carry【答案】B【解析】考查情态动词。

后面的句子用了if虚拟语气，由此可知前面句子是事实，那么前面的句子意思应该是“你本不需要亲自拿包裹”，表示本不必做但事实上已经做了，needn’t have done（本不必做）正符合句意。

句意：你本不必亲自拿这些包裹的。

如果你叫售货员，商店就会替你邮寄他们的。

故正确答案为B。

2.单选题In this law, ______, “state” means a territory or group of territ ories having its own law of nationality.问题1选项A.otherwise the context requiresB.unless the context requiresC.the context otherwiseD.unless the context otherwise requires【答案】D【解析】考查连词和固定搭配。

在法律英语中，unless the context otherwise requires“除上下文另有所指”经常使用，Otherwise在这里是作为形容词“另外的”使用；A选项缺少连词，B选项“除非上下文要求”语义矛盾，C选项语义不完整；这句话句意是：在本条法令中，除上下文另有所指，“国家”指拥有自己的国籍法的一个领土或一组领土。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：64

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题By providing legal representation, the American Civil Liberties Union works to defend citizens against breaches of their civil rights.问题1选项A.branchesB.exercisesC.performanceD.violations【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

breach表示“违反，缺口”；A项branch“树枝”，B项exercise“运动，练习”，C项performance“表现，性能”，D项violation“违反，妨碍”。

句意：通过提供法律代理，美国公民自由联盟致力于保护公民的公民权利不受侵犯。

根据句意该题选D。

2.单选题Chinatown has been the center of San Francisco’s Chinese community since the 1850s. Its boundaries have expanded significantly since the 1960s, and the neighborhoods built there are generally affluent.问题1选项A.plentifulB.attractiveC.friendlyD.wealthy【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。

affluent表示“富裕的，丰富的”；A项plentiful“丰富的，许多的”，B 项attractive“吸引人的”，C项friendly“友好的”，D项wealthy“富裕的”。

句意：自19世纪50年代以来，唐人街一直是旧金山华人社区的中心。

自20世纪60年代以来，它的疆界大幅扩张，在那里建造的社区一般都很富裕。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：98

2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国政法大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Today’s success in weather forecasting stems from applied rather than pure science.问题1选项A.derives fromB.leads toC.concurs withD.benefits from【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。

stem from表示“起源于”。

A项derive from“源出，来自”，B项lead to“导致”，C项concur with“同意”，D项benefit from“得益于，得利于”；句意：今天天气预报的成功源于应用科学而非纯科学。

根据句意该题选A。

2.单选题Plants raised in greenhouses are tended methodically in an attempt to create the best possible conditions for their growth.问题1选项A.systematicallyB.naturallyC.personallyD.lovingly【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。

methodically表示“有方法地，有系统地”；A项systematically“系统地”，B项naturally“自然地”，C项personally“个人地”，D项lovingly“亲切地，钟爱地”。

句意：在温室里培育的植物受到系统地照料，尽可能为它们的生长创造最好的可能条件。

根据句意该题选A。

3.单选题The house in which the former president used to live is reported in the local newspaper ______ in a fire two days ago.问题1选项A.to be destroyedB.having been destroyedC.being destroyedD.to have been destroyed【答案】B【解析】考查时态。

中国政法大学考博英语真题解析

中国政法大学考博英语真题解析1. I didn't say anything like that at all. You are purposely my ideas to prove your point.A.revisingB.contradictingC.distortingD.distracting参考答案：C解析：正确答案选C。

(A) revising："改编，修改"。

(B)contradicting："自相矛盾"。

(C)distorting："歪曲，曲解"。

(D)distracting："分神，打扰，迷惑"。

很明显，备选答案中只有(C)distorting符合句意，故(C)为正确答案。

(A)、(B)和(D)填入句中均说不通，或很别扭，故均应排除。

（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537)2. Language, culture, and personality may be considered _______of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.A.indistinctlyB.separatelyC.irrelevantlyD.independently参考答案：D解析：正确答案选D。

(A) indistinctly："不清楚地，分不清地"，强调"看不清、听不清"，以致无法弄清。

(B)separately："分离地"，强调可以分开的。

(C)irrelevantly："无关地，不相干地"，强调相互没有关系。