英语二笔翻译真题2012年11月
2012年CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案
2012年CATTI二级笔译真题及参考答案《笔译综合能力》1. 阅读第一篇选自《纽约时报》，原文标题为：Few Biologists but Many Evangelicals Sign Anti-Evolution Petition节选部分内容如下：In the recent skirmishes over evolution, advocates who have pushed to dilute its teaching have regularly pointed to a petition signed by 514 scientists and engineers.The petition, they say, is proof that scientific doubt over evolution persists. But random interviews with 20 people who signed the petition and a review of the public statements of more than a dozen others suggest that many are evangelical Christians, whose doubts about evolution grew out of their religious beliefs. And even the petition's sponsor, the Discovery Institute in Seattle, says that only a quarter of the signers are biologists, whose field is most directly concerned with evolution. The other signers include 76 chemists, 75 engineers, 63 physicists and 24 professors of medicine.The petition was started in 2001 by the institute, which champions intelligent design as an alternative theory to evolution and supports a "teach the controversy" approach, like the one scuttled by the state Board of Education in Ohio last week.Institute officials said that 41 people added their names to the petition after a federal judge ruled in December against the Dover, Pa., school district's attempt to present intelligent design as an alternative to evolution."Early on, the critics said there was nobody who disbelieved Darwin's theory except for rubes in the woods," said Bruce Chapman, president of the institute. "How many does it take to be a noticeable minority — 10, 50, 100, 500?"Mr. Chapman said the petition showed "there is a minority of scientists who disagree with Darwin's theory, and it is not just a handful."The petition makes no mention of intelligent design, the proposition that life is so complex that it is best explained as the design of an intelligent being. Rather,it states: "We are skeptical of claims for the ability of random mutation and natural selection to account for the complexity of life. Careful examination of the evidence for Darwinian theory should be encouraged."A Web site with the full list of those who signed the petition was made available yesterday by the institute at . The signers all claim doctorates in science or engineering. The list includes a few nationally prominent scientists like James M. Tour, a professor of chemistry at Rice University; Rosalind W. Picard, director of the affective computing research group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and Philip S. Skell, an emeritus professor of chemistry at Penn State who is also a member of the National Academy of Sciences.It also includes many with more modest positions, like Thomas H. Marshall, director of public works in Delaware, Ohio, who has a doctorate in environmental ecology. The Discovery Institute says 128 signers hold degrees in the biological sciences and 26 in biochemistry. That leaves more than 350 nonbiologists, including Dr. Tour, Dr. Picard and Dr. Skell.Of the 128 biologists who signed, few conduct research that would directly address the question of what shaped the history of life.Of the signers who are evangelical Christians, most defend their doubts on scientific grounds but also say that evolution runs against their religious beliefs.Several said that their doubts began when they increased their involvement with Christian churches.Some said they read the Bible literally and doubt not only evolution but also findings of geology and cosmology that show the universe and the earth to be billions of years old.Scott R. Fulton, a professor of mathematics and computer science at Clarkson University in Potsdam, N.Y., who signed the petition, said that the argument for intelligent design was "very interesting and promising."He said he thought his religious belief was "not particularly relevant" in how he judged intelligent design. "It probably influences in the sense in that it makes me very interested in the questions," he said. "When I see scientific evidence that points to God, I find that encouraging."Roger J. Lien, a professor of poultry science at Auburn, said he received a copy of the petition from Christian friends."I stuck my name on it," he said. "Basically, it states what I believe."Dr. Lien said that he grew up in California in a family that was not deeply religious and that he accepted evolution through much of his scientific career. He said he became a Christian about a decade ago, six years after he joined the Auburn faculty."The world is broken, and we humans and our science can't fix it," Dr. Lien said. "I was brought to Jesus Christ and God and creationism and believing in the Bible."He also said he thought that evolution was "inconsistent with what the Bible says."Another signer is Dr. Gregory J. Brewer, a professor of cell biology at the Southern Illinois University medical school. Like other skeptics, he readily accepts what he calls "microevolution," the ability of species to adapt to changing conditions in their environment. But he holds to the opinion that science has not convincingly shown that one species can evolve into another."I think there's a lot of problems with evolutionary dogma," said Dr. Brewer, who also does not accept the scientific consensus that the universe is billions of years old. "Scientifically, I think there are other possibilities, one of which would be intelligent design. Based on faith, I do believe in the creation account."Dr. Tour, who developed the "nano-car" — a single molecule in the shape of a car, with four rolling wheels — said he remained open-minded about evolution."I respect that work," said Dr. Tour, who describes himself as a Messianic Jew, one who also believes in Christ as the Messiah.But he said his experience in chemistry and nanotechnology had showed him how hard it was to maneuver atoms and molecules. He found it hard to believe, he said, that nature was able to produce the machinery of cells through random processes. The explanations offered by evolution, he said, are incomplete."I can't make the jumps, the leaps they make in the explanations," Dr. Tour said. "Will I or other scientists likely be able to makes those jumps in the future? Maybe."Opposing petitions have sprung up. The National Center for Science Education, which has battled efforts to dilute the teaching of evolution, has sponsored a pro-evolution petition signed by 700 scientists named Steve, in honor of Stephen Jay Gould, the Harvard paleontologist who died in 2002.The petition affirms that evolution is "a vital, well-supported, unifying principle of the biological sciences."Mr. Chapman of that institute said the opposing petitions were beside the point. "We never claimed we're in a fight for numbers," he said.Discovery officials said that they did not ask the religious beliefs of the signers and that such beliefs were not relevant. John G. West, a senior fellow at Discovery, said it was "stunning hypocrisy" to ask signers about their religion "while treating the religious beliefs of the proponents of Darwin as irrelevant."2. 阅读第三篇选自《纽约时报》，原文标题为：Richard Prince Lawsuit Focuses on Limits of Appropriation节选部分内容如下：In March a federal district court judge in Manhattan ruled that Mr. Prince —whose career was built on appropriating imagery created by others —broke the law by taking photographs from a book about Rastafarians and using them without permission to create the collages and a series of paintings based on them, which quickly sold for serious money eve n by today’s gilded art-world standards: almost $2.5 million for one of the works. (“Wow —yeah,” Mr. Prince said when a lawyer asked him under oath in the district court case if that figure was correct.)The decision, by Judge Deborah A. Batts, set off alarm bells throughout Chelsea and in museums across America that show contemporary art. At the heart of the case, which Mr. Prince is now appealing, is the principle called fair use, a kind of door in the bulwark of copyright protections. It gives artists (or anyone for that matter) the ability to use someone else’s material for certain purposes, especially if the result transforms the thing used — or as Judge Pierre N. Leval described it in an influential 1990 law review article, if the new thing “adds value to the original” so that society as a whole is culturally enriched by it. In the most famous test of the principle, the Supreme Court in 1994 found a possibility of fair use by the group 2 Live Crew in its sampling of parts of Roy Orbison’s “Oh Pretty Woman” for the sake of one form of added value, parody.In the Prince case the notoriously slippery standard for transformation was defined so narrowly that artists and museums warned it would leave the fair-use door barely open, threatening the robust tradition of appropriation that goes back at least to Picasso and underpins much of the art of the last half-century. Several museums, including the Museum of Modern Art and the Metropolitan, rallied to the cause, filing papers supporting Mr. Prince and cal ling the decision a blow to “the strong public interest in the free flow of creative expression.” Scholars and lawyers on the other side of the debate hailed it instead as a welcome corrective in an art world too long in thrall to the Pictures Generation — artists like Mr. Prince who used appropriation beginning in the 1970s to burrow beneath the surface of media culture.But if the case has had any effect so far, it has been to drag into the public arena a fundamental truth hovering somewhere just outside the legal debate: that today’s flow of creative expression, riding a tide of billions of instantly accessible digital images and clips, is rapidly becoming so free and recycling so reflexive that it is hard to imagine it being slowed, much less stanched, whatever happens in court. It is a phenomenon that makes Mr. Prince’s artful thefts —those collages in the law firm’s office —look almost Victorian by comparison, and makes the copyright battle and its attendant fears feel as if they are playing out in another era as well, perhaps not Victorian but certainly pre-Internet.In many ways the art world is a latecomer to the kinds of copyright tensions that have already played out in fields like music and movies, where extensive systems of policing, permission and licensing have evolved. But art lawyers say that legal challenges are now coming at a faster pace, perhaps in part because the art market has become a much bigger business and because of the extent of the borrowing ethos.1. 英译汉第一篇选自《纽约时报》，原文标题为：Translation as Literary Ambassador节选部分内容如下：The runaway success of Stieg Larsson’s “Millennium” trilogy suggests that when it comes to contemporary literature in translation, Americans are at least willing to read Scandinavian detective fiction. But for work from other regions, in other genres, winning the interest of big publishing houses and readers in the United States remains a steep uphill struggle.Among foreign cultural institutes and publishers, the traditional American aversion to literature in t ranslation is known as “the 3 percent problem.” But now, hoping to increase their minuscule share of the American book market — about 3 percent — foreign governments and foundations, especially those on the margins of Europe, are taking matters into their own hands and plunginginto the publishing fray in the United States.Increasingly, that campaign is no longer limited to widely spoken languages like French and German. From Romania to Catalonia to Iceland, cultural institutes and agencies are subsidizing publication of books in English, underwriting the training of translators, encouraging their writers to tour in the United States, submitting to American marketing and promotional techniques they may have previously shunned and exploiting existing niches in the publishing industry.“We have established this as a strategic objective, a long-term commitment to break through the American market,” said Corina Suteu, who leads the New Y ork branch of the European Union National Institutes for Culture and direc ts the Romanian Cultural Institute. “For nations in Europe, be they small or large, literature will always be one of the keys of their cultural existence, and we recognize that this is the only way we are going to be able to make that literature present in the United States.”For instance, the Dalkey Archive Press, a small publishing house in Champaign, Ill., that for more than 25 years has specialized in translated works, this year began a Slovenian Literature Series, underwritten by official groups in Sl ovenia, once part of Y ugoslavia. The series’s first book, “Necropolis,” by Boris Pahor, is a powerful World War II concentration-camp memoir that has been compared to the best of Elie Wiesel and Primo Levi, and has been followed by Andrej Blatnik’s “Y ou Do Understand,” a rather absurdist but still touching collection of sketches and parables about love and intimacy.Dalkey has also begun or is about to begin similar series in Hebrew and Catalan, and with Switzerland and Mexico, the last of which will consist of four books yearly for six years. In each case a financing agency in the host country is subsidizing publication and participating in promotion and marketing in the United States, an effort that can easily require $10,000 or more a book.。
20121111CATTI二级笔译第2篇英译汉试题+答案+解析
20121111CATTI二级笔译第2篇英译汉试题+答案+解析[原创]详见/Item/16803.aspx原文The ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what they thought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon. Flying over it, you can scarcely imagine that it could erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea levels any time soon.Along the flanks in spring and summer, however, the picture is very different. For an increasing number of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreading ever higher on the icecap.The melting surface darkens, absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow, which reflects sunlight. Natural drainpipes called moulins carry water from the surface into the depths, in some places reaching bedrock.The process slightly, but measurably, lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of ice towards the sea.Most important, many glaciologists say, is the break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of ice where some large Greenland glaciers, particularly along the west coast, squeeze through fiords as they meet the warming ocean. As these passages have cleared, this has sharply accelerated the flow of many of these creeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than the upper estimate of about 60 centimetres this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change last year. (Seas rose less than 30 centimetres last century.)The panel's assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice flows but not understood well enough to estimate with confidence. SCIENTIFIC scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's most vulnerable ice sheets, in Greenland and west Antarctica, can continue to accelerate. The effort involves field and satellite analyses and sifting for clues from past warm periods,Things are definitely far more serious than anyone would have thought five years ago.II参考译文1.参考译文1来源于/thread-3069399-1-1.html#1017726-tieba-1-70529-13b86649721407872d4252e6b3d972b a格林兰岛被广袤的原始冰层所笼罩，飞行员曾将冰层误认为地平线上隆起的云堤迎头相撞。
[VIP专享]2012年11月真题(二级)
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第一部分职业道德（第1~25题，共25道题）一、职业道德基础理论与知识部分答题指导：◆该部分均为选择题，每题均有四个备选项，其中单项选项题只有一个选项是真确的，多项选择题有两个或两个以上选项是真确的。
◆请很据题意的内容和要求答题，并在答题卡上将所选答案的相应字涂黑。
◆错选、少选、多选，则该提均不得分。
（一）单项选择题（第1~8题）1、下述说法中，属于道德要求的是（）。
（A）每个员工都应该为企业多提好的建议（B）每个员工都应该是企业发展的重要成员（C）每个老板的背后都应该包含鲜为人知的故事（D）每个员工的成长历程都应该是他们的人生财富2、职业活动内在的道德准侧是（）。
（A）真诚、谨慎、勤勉（B）忠诚、谨慎、勤勉（C）真诚、审慎、勤奋（D）忠诚、审慎、勤勉3、关于职业化素养，正确的说法是（）。
（A）职业化素养是对高级从业人员的要求（B）培养职业化素养需要从业人员自主培养职业责任和职业道德（C）培养职业化素养要求从业人员尽量在职业活动中发挥主观性（D）职业化素养养成的基本手段在于他律4、古人所谓“才者，德之资也；德者，才之帅也”，其真确的含义是（）。
（A）一个人只要有才，就有了道德资本（B）“才”和“德”是对立统一的关系（C）德行居主导地位，对才能起统一作用（D）一个人有了才，他的德行就能从分彰显出来5、关于职业道德规范“敬业”，正确的说法是（）。
（A）敬业与否要看工作是否适合自己的愿望和能力（B）敬业的本资在于内心，与外在要求无关（C）敬业是对从业人员最根本、最核心的要求（D）敬业是带有激情色彩的最求6、作为职业道德规范的“诚信”，其特征是（）。
（A）通识性、智慧性、止损性、资质性（B）知识性、智慧性、破损性、资质性（C）知识性、益智性、对等性、资本性（D）通识性、合约性、平等性、资源性7、根据《禁止商业贿赂行为的暂行规定》，下列说法中正确的是（）。
（A）经营者不得在商品交易中向对方单位或者个人附赠任何形式的礼金礼品（B）经营者销售或者购买物品，不得以任何方式给中间人佣金（C）在帐外暗中给予单位或者个人回扣的，以行贿罪论处，对方以受贿赂罪论处（D）经营者给予对方折扣的，可以不入账8、在日常生活中，从业人员执行操作规程的具体要求包括（）。
2012年11月教育部二级英语口译真题
2012年11月教育部二级英语口译真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、英译中(总题数：1，分数：50.00)1.Thank you all. Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you. And it is, as always, such a personal pleasure for me to join this remarkable gathering. And I look out at this audience and there are just too many people here who deserve recognition to name all of you, so let me just express my deep appreciation to all the representatives of foreign governments as well as the leaders and advocates who are here with us and who will be sharing the stage. And of course, I do want to thank someone very special, namely my husband, for organizing this event – (applause) – and instilling it with his very special spirit of activism, innovation, and commitment that is contagious. Last year at CGI, I spoke about the Obama Administration’s new strategy for international development, which has elevated development alongside diplomacy and defense as the core pillars of American foreign policy. And we are working with our partner countries to help them obtain the tools and capacity that they need to solve their own problems and contribute to solving the world’s shared problems. Our goal is to help people lift themselves, their families, and their societies out of poverty and toward a better life. And this is not development for development’s sake. This work, we believe, advances our own security, prosperity, and values. So we have focused on strategic areas where we can make the biggest impact on agricultural change that stretch from the farm to the market to the table and keep people nourished and productive, health systems that help people spend their days working rather than sick or dying, opportunities for women and girls that allow them to contribute to economic and social progress. And today, I am very excited to tell you about a new initiative that will advance these and other efforts, and help put vital new tools in the hands of millions of people. As we meet here in New York, women are cooking dinner for their families in homes and villages around the world. As many as 3 billion people are gathering around open fires or old and inefficient stoves in small kitchens and poorly ventilated houses. Many of the women have labored over these hearths for hours, often with their infant babies strapped to their backs, and they have spent many more hours gathering the fuel. The food they prepare is different on every continent, but the air they breathe is shockingly similar: a toxic mix of chemicals released by burning wood or other solid fuel that can reach 200 times the amount that our EPA considers safe for breathing. As the women cook, smoke fills their lungs and the toxins begin poisoning them and their children. The results of daily exposure can be devastating: Pneumonia, the number one killer of children worldwide, chronic respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and a range of other health problems are the consequence. The World Health Organization considers smoke from dirty stoves to be one of the five most serious health risks that face people in poor, developing countries. Nearly 2 million people die from its effects each year, more than twice the number from malaria. And because the smoke contains greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane, as well as black carbon, it contributes to climate change. There are other consequences as well. In conflict zones like the Congo, the journeys that women must take to find scarce fuel put them at increased risk of violent and sexual assault. Even in safer areas, every hour spent collecting fuel is an hour not spent in school or tending crops or running a business. People have cooked over open fires and dirty stoves for all of human history, but the simple fact is they are slowly killing millions of people and polluting the environment. Engineers and development professionals have worked on this problem for decades. My own involvement stretches back many years, and I’m well aware that well-meaning efforts have been launched, but none have managed to match the scope of the challenge. But today, because of technological breakthroughs, new carbon financing tools, and growing private sector engagement, we can finally envision a future in which open fires and dirty stoves are replacedby clean, efficient, and affordable stoves and fuels all over the world –stoves that still cost as little as $25. I know that maybe this sounds hard to believe, but by upgrading these stoves, millions of lives could be saved and improved. This could be as transformative as bed nets or even vaccines. So today, I am very pleased to announce the creation of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. (Applause.) This is a public-private partnership led by the United Nations Foundation that will work toward the goal of 100 million homes adopting new clean stoves and fuels by 2020. Our long-term goal is universal adoption all over the world, and the alliance is a perfect CGI model of a public-private partnership that already includes governments such as the United States, Germany, Norway, and Peru, international development organizations and local NGOs, as well as foundations and private companies such as Morgan Stanley and Shell. And we do expect to grow quickly with your help, and this effort will proceed on a number of parallel tracks. First, a major applied research and development effort to improve design, lower costs, and develop global industry standards for cookstoves. There are already some good stoves out there, but we can make them much more durable, efficient, and affordable, and scale up production to reach a mass market. With the right advances, new stoves could even use their own wasted heat to produce electricity that powers smoke-clearing fans, mobile phones, and even household lights. Second, a broad-based campaign to create a commercial market for clean stoves, including reducing trade barriers, promoting consumer awareness, and boosting access to large-scale carbon financing. Now, no single stove will meet the needs of every community across the world. In fact, previous efforts have taught us that if local tastes and preferences are not considered, people will simply not use the stoves, and we’ll find them stacked in piles of refuse. That’s why a market-based approach that relies on testing, monitoring, and research is so important, because if we do this right, these new stoves will fit seamlessly into family cooking traditions while also offering a step up toward a better life. Third, we will integrate clean stoves into our international development projects so that refugee camps, disaster relief efforts, and long-term aid programs all will act as distribution networks. Women and girls who are obviously the vast majority of stove users will be our focus throughout. Women-owned, micro-financed businesses and networks can extend deep into hard-to-reach communities, and that I know a number of my friends from SEWA, the Self Employed Women’s Association tha t started in India, has already made a huge difference for millions of women in India. And they’re with us today; you’ll meet them in a minute. And they’re helping us to make this happen more broadly. The United States is committing more than $50 million over the next five years to this initiative, and we urge other countries to join us. Our partners have already contributed an additional $10 million, and we’re working to raise more every day with the goal of reaching at least $250 million over 10 years. This is a project that brings, across our government, the experts together, and many of them have long experience in working on clean stoves, but never before have we pulled our resources and our expertise behind a single global campaign, as we are doing today. And never before have we had the range of global partners and coordination that the Alliance for Clean Cookstoves brings with it. So we need your help as well. You’re here because you are already committed to identifying and investing in innovative solutions to persistent global problems. So today, I ask you to join us, to be a part of this solution, an issue that brings together so many of our concerns. Whether you’re passionate about health or the environment or sustainable development or women’s em powerment, this is a project for you, and we need you. The next time you sit down with your own family to eat, please take a moment to imagine the smell of smoke, feel it in your lungs, see the soot building up on the walls, and then come find us at the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. Hearths, whatever they look like, and wherever we gather around them, where we tell our stories and pass down our values, bind families together. And the benefits from this initiative will be cleaner and safer homes, and that will, in turn, ripple out for healthier families, stronger communities, and more stable societies. So we are excited because we think this is actually a problem we can solve. And Iwant to bring up and introduce to you a woman who has been my partner in this process in the United States Government. She provided invaluable leadership to this effort and has on so many important issues facing our country. The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, Lisa Jackson. （分数：50.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：( 谢谢大家，谢谢，非常感谢，谢谢。
2012年考研英语二真题全文翻译答案超详解析
2012 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析本文是一篇关于人物介绍的说明性文章，主要讲述了G. I. Joe 由普通人成长为英雄，是美国特种兵敢死队的象征。
二、试题解析1．【答案】B【解析】本段开篇提出主题：G. I. Joe 这个名字对于参加过第二次世界大战的人来说意义非凡。
空格中需要填动词，在定语从句中做谓语，其主语是who（指代men and women），动作发生的地点是in World War II；空后的句子“the people they liberated”中 they也指代 men and women，他们有 liberate的动作，由此推断“the men and women”指的应该是参加了第二次大战的男人和女人，即服役的军人。
只有serve 有“服兵役”的意思，所以选 B。
A 项 perform 意为“表现；执行；表演”；C 项 rebel 意为“造反，反抗”；D 项 betray 意为”背叛，出卖”，皆不符合文意，为干扰项。
2．【答案】B【解析】空格处所指的人与下文的 the poor farm kid 和 the guy 在含义上呼应，同时与空格后的“grown intohero”逻辑含义应保持一致，因此空内信息应该是与hero“英雄”意思相对，后面的分句说他背井离乡，经历了很多苦难，显然这里应该是说由普通人平凡人（common man）成长为英雄，所以选 B。
A 项actual 意为“实际上，事实上的”；C 项special 意为“特殊的，专门的”；D 项normal 意为“正常的，常态的”；皆不符合上下文语意，为干扰项。
3．【答案】A【解析】本题考查的是词语的搭配关系，需要填入动词在定语从句中做谓语，先行词是who（the guy），宾语是all the burdens of battle，要表达“承担战争带来的负担，应该用动词bear 或shoulder，所以这里选 A，bore。
2012CATTI翻译考试笔译综合能力测试
20122012CATTICATTI 翻译考试笔译综合能力测试Section 1:English –Chinese Translation (英译汉)This section consists of two parts,Part A —“Compulsory Translation”and Part B —“Choice of Two Translations”consisting of two sections “Topic I”and “Topic 2”.For the passage in Part A and your choice of passage in Part B,translate the underlined portions,including titles,into Chinese.Above your translation of Part A,write “Compulsory Translation”and above your translation from Part B,write “Topic I”or “Topic 2”(60points,100minutes)Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)(30points)Nowhere to GoFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley,all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj”(who didn’t want to reveal his real name).He’s an Indian immigrant who,like many other Indian engineers,came to America recently on an H-1B visa,which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years.But one morning last month,Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off.The reason:weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley,“It was the shock of my lifetime,”says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bear-market sob story.According to federal regulation,Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices.They must either return to India,or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS)allow them to transfer their visa to the new company.And the law doesn’t allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy.“How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?”Nagaraj wonders.Until recently,H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the region’s shortage of programmers and engineers.First issued by the INS in 1992,they attract skilled workers from other countries,many of whom bring families with them,lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards.Through February 2000,more than 81,000worker held such visas —but with the dot-com crash,many have been getting laid off.That’s causing mass consternation in U.S.immigrant communities.The INS considers a worker “out of status”when he loses a job,which technically means that he must pack up and go home.But because of the scope of this year’s layoffs,the ernment has recently backpedaled,issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa.But even those loopholes remain nebulous.The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America,and the possibilities that they will be sent home.“They are in limbo.It is the greatest form of torture,”says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few st fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas.Now, with technology firms retrenching,demand for such workers is slowing.Valley heavyweights like Intel,Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year,which include many H-1B workers.The INS reported last month that only16,000new H-1B workers came to the United States in February—down from32,000in February of last year.Last month,acknowledging the scope of the problem,the INS told H-1B holders “not to panic,”and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers before they had to leave the United States.INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month.“We are aware of the cutbacks,”she says.“We’re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.”Part B Choice of Two Translations(二选一题)(30points)Topic1(选题一)What Is the Force of Gravity?If you throw a ball up,it will come down again.What makes it come down?The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth.The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects.Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away.This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity.The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth’s surface is called the weight of the object.All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon,the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects.The bigger and heavier a body is,the greater is its force of gravity.Thus,since the moon is a smaller body than Earth,the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth’s surface.In fact,the moon’s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth.This means that an object weighing120kilograms on Earth will only weigh20 kilograms on the moon.Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.The Earth’s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space.To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull.Entry into SpaceHow can we overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull?Scientists have been working on this for a long time.It is only recently that they have been able to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earth’s gravitational pull.Such machines are called space rockets.Their great speed and power help them to escape from the Earth’s gravitational pull and go into space.RocketsThe powerful space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework rocket.The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head.The body is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel.It is a mixture of chemicals that will burn rapidly to form hot gases.At the base or foot of the rocket there is an opening or nozzle.A fuse hangs out like a tail from the nozzle.A long stick attached along the body serves to direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted.When the gunpowder burns,hot gases rush out of the nozzle.The hot gases continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder burns.When these gases shoot downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards.This is called jet propulsion.The simple experiment,shown in the picture,will help you to understand jet propulsion.Topic2(选题二)Basketball DiplomacyCHINA”S TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live the American Dream.But Wang Zhizhi,a7-foot-1basketball star from the People’s Liberation Army,is making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA.In his first three weeks in America the23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check, preside over“Wang Zhizhi Day”in San Francisco and become immortalized on his very own trading cards.He’s even played in five games with his new team,the Dallas Mavericks,scoring24points in just38minutes.Now the affable Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffs—and he is intent on enjoying every minute.One recent evening Wang slipped into the hot tub behind the house of Mavericks assistant coach Donn Nelson.He leaned back,stretched out and pointed at a plane moving across the star-filled sky.In broken English,he started singing his favorite tune:“I believe I can fly.I believe I can touch the sky.”Back in China,the nation’s other basketball phenom,Yao Ming,can only dream of taking flight.Yao thought he was going to be the first Chinese player in the NBA. The7-foot-5Shanghai sensation is more highly touted than Wang:the20-year-old could be the No.1overall pick in the June NBA draft.But as the May13deadline to enter the draft draws near,Yao is still waiting for a horde of business people and apparatchiks to decide his st week,as Wang scored13points in the Dallas season finale,Yao was wading through a stream of bicycles on a dusty Beijing street. Yao and Wang are more than just freaks of nature in basketball shorts.The twin towers are national treasures,symbols of China’s growing stature in the world. They’re also emblematic of the NBA’s outsize dreams for conquering China.The NBA,struggling at home,sees salvation in the land of1.3billion potential hoop fans. China,determined to win the2008Olympics and join the World Trade Organization, is eager to make its mark on the world—on its own terms.The two-year struggle to get these young players into the NBA has been a cultural collision—this one far removed from U.S.-China bickering over spy planes and trade liberalization.If it works out,it could be—in basketball parlance—the ultimate give-and-go.“This is just like Ping-Pong diplomacy,”says Xia Song,a sport-marketing executive who represents Wang.“Only with a much bigger ball.”Two years ago it looked more like a ball and chain.Wang’s Army bosses were miffed when the Mavericks had the nerve to draft their star back in1999.Nelson remembers flying to Beijing with the then owner Ross Perot Jr.—son of the eccentric billionaire—to hammer out a deal with the stone-faced communists of the PLA.“You could hear them thinking:‘What is this NBA team doing,trying to lay claim to our property?’”Nelson recalls.“We tried to explain that this was an honor for Wang and for China.”There was no deal.Wang grew despondent and lost his edge on court.This year Yao became the anointed one.He eclipsed Wang in scoring and rebounding,and even stole away his coveted MVP award in the Chinese Basketball Association league.It looked as if his Shanghai team—a dynamic semicapitalist club in China’s most open city—would get its star to the NBA first.Then came the March madness.Wang broke out of his slump to lead the Army team to its sixth consecutive CBA title—scoring40in the final game.A day later the PLA scored some points of its own by announcing that Wang was free to go West. What inspired the change of heart?No doubt the Mavericks worked to build trust with Chinese officials(even inviting national-team coach Wang Fei to spend the 1999-2000season in Dallas).There was also the small matter of Chinese pride.The national team stumbled to a10th-place finish at the2000Olympics,after placing eighth in1996.Even the most intransigent cadre could see that the team would improve only if it sent its stars overseas to learn from the world’s best players.keys：Part A无家可归这不是正常的有市场疲软而引发的悲剧故事。
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案
11月翻译资格考题二级英语笔译实务试卷及答案第一部分英译汉必译题This week and next, governments, international agencies and nongovernmental organizations are gathering in Mexico City at the World Water Forum to discuss the legacy of global Mulhollandism in water - and to chart a new course.They could hardly have chosen a better location. Water is being pumped out of the aquifer on which Mexico City stands at twice the rate of replenishment. The result: the city is subsiding at the rate of about half a meter every decade. You can see the consequences in the cracked cathedrals, the tilting Palace of Arts and the broken water and sewerage pipes.Every region of the world has its own variant of the water crisis story. The mining of groundwaters for irrigation has lowered the water table in parts of India and Pakistan by 30 meters in the past three decades. As water goes down, the cost of pumping goes up, undermining the livelihoods of poor farmers.What is driving the global water crisis? Physical availability is part of the problem. Unlike oil or coal, water is an infinitely renewable resource, but it is available in a finite quantity. With water use increasing at twice the rate of population growth, the amount available per person is shrinking - especially in some of the poorest countries.Challenging as physical scarcity may be in some countries, the real problems in water go deeper. The 20th-century model for water management was based on a simple idea: that water is an infinitely available free resource to be exploited, dammed or diverted without reference to scarcity or sustainability.Across the world, water-based ecological systems - rivers, lakes and watersheds - have been taken beyond the frontiers of ecological sustainability by policy makers who have turned a blind eye to the consequences of over- exploitation.We need a new model of water management for the 21st century. What does that mean? For starters, we have to stop using water like there"s no tomorrow - and that means using it more efficiently at levels that do not destroy our environment. The buzz- phrase at the Mexico Water forum is "integrated water resource management." What it means is that governments need to manage the private demand of different users and manage this precious resource in the public interest.参照译文：本周，世界水论坛在墨西哥城开幕，论坛将一直持续到下周。
201211CATTI二级笔译中译英第2篇真题+参考答案
20121111二级笔译实务中译英第2篇原文+参考答案详见烁烁英语试题原文作为远古人类留给我们的宝贵的文化遗产，岩画堪称是记载人类早期社会生活的百科全书，它不仅传承着源远流长的古代文明，也是史前人类文化、宗教、民俗以及原始艺术史的见证。
在世界上，中国岩画是诞生最早、分布最广、内容最丰富的国家之一，而贺兰山又是华夏土地上遗存最集中、题材最广泛、保存最完好的岩画地区之一。
在贺兰山腹地，共发现20余处遗存岩画，其中最具代表性的是贺兰山贺兰口岩画。
贺兰山岩画在山口内外分布着近6000幅岩画，其中罕为人见的人面像岩画就有70幅之多。
据考证，贺兰山口岩画是不同时期先后刻制的，大多为北方游牧民族创作.岩画造型粗犷稚拙、构图朴实自然，牛、马、驴、鹿、鸟、虎等动物栩栩如生，各种人头的造型同样是千奇百态。
凭着自己对社会现实的理解与感悟，对美好生活的追求与向往，把自己的亲身感受与体验，忠实地记录在岩石之上，同时也为后人留下了神秘瑰丽的贺兰山岩画。
有学者说贺兰口是史前人类凭借自然魅力打造的祭祀圣地，又有专家认为，贺兰口岩画是象形文字前的图画文字，在文字没有发明前，这里的人们艰难地把他们的理想、愿望、欢乐、悲伤，通过岩画的形式表现出来。
于是，在亘古不变的贺兰山上，写就了一部史前人类的“天书”。
参考译文As a precious cultural heritage left by ancient people, rock-painting can be said as an encyclopedia recording the early social lives of human, which not only transmits the ancient civilization with long times, but also serves a witness of the culture, religion, folk-custom and ancient artistic history of prehistory people.China is one of the countries whose rock-carvings boast the earliest creation, the widest distribution and the richest content in the world, while Helan Mountain is one of the regions whose rock-carvings boast the most concentrated distribution, the widest theme and the best preserved condition in China. In the depth/hinterland of Helan Mountain, more than 20 relic places with rock-paintings have been discovered, among which, the most representative ones are those at the mouth of Helan Mountain.There are some 6000 rock-paintings near the mouth of Helan Mountain, among which rare rock-paintings of human faces hits over 70. According to research and study, the rock-paintings at the mouth of Helan Mountain were carved during different periods, and most were created by nomad nationality in north China. These rock-paintings are characterized by rough and adorned sculpt, as well as simple and natural composition, of vivid animals such as cattle, horses, donkeys, deer and tigers, as well as human heads carrying thousands expressions. The rock-paintings are faithfully recorded by ancient people of their pursuits and aspirations for happy life in future as well as their personal experiences and feelings based on understanding and thoughts of then social reality, meanwhile leaving these mysterious and magnificent rock-painting heritages in Helan Mountain.Some scholars said that Helan Mountain are created by prehistory people as their sacrifice place by virtue of natural charm, while some held that rock-paintings here are drawing writings before pictographs, through which people take paints to express their ideals, wishes, happiness and sadness before the creation of characters. In this way, “Heaven Book” of prehistory people hasbeen written on the everlasting Helan Mountain.。
2012年11月CATTI
2012年11月CA TTI：二级三级口译实务试题点评2012年11月CA TTI全国翻译资格考试后，南京沃尔得英语的专家针对笔译实务科目进行具体点评，结合考试中出现的句子段落，对具体的细节翻译进行剖析和分解，帮助考生消化考试真题。
三级口译实务试题点评：对话翻译：总体上比较简单。
只要了解情况，基本上不会产生太大的偏差，需要注意的是表达，特别是汉译英的表达要尽量地道。
下面仅就其中一部分较难表达法加以解释。
Take to the street上街游行。
Burn with dissatisfaction内心极度不满。
广泛的怨气great grievance or hatredjob scarce工作很难找pension right diminishing养老金减少inflation eat away their savings通胀正在蚕食储蓄（储蓄因通胀而减少）这些怨气会产生什么政治影响：What is the political consequence of these public anger?If there is no coherent agenda如果缺乏统一的目标（计划）所以政治家应该勇于担当，迅速采取行动：The politicians must be courageous with their responsibility and take prompt actions.政治家还应该讲真话，尤其讲明问题出在哪儿：Politicians also have to be honest. Particularly, they should tell the public honestly what the root of the problem is.The assault on the whole of globalization is unwarranted.对于全球化的全面攻击是站不住脚的。
CATTI笔译综合能力二级翻译真题2006-2012
2006年5月【英译汉必译题】For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."【参考译文】尽管去年发生了许多自然灾害和人为的灾害，但是旅游者比以往更加坚决地出门旅行。
2012翻译资格考试笔译实务试题
2012翻译资格考试笔译实务试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation(英译汉)(60 point) The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation (必译题)(30 points)It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here.“With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this,” Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen’s cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. “That is a fortune for people like us,” he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a “mother boat” equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river’s main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fis hing operations, as well as some of the peasants’ less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations.“The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account,” said the president of the local fishermen’s union. “They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing.”Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) (30 points)Topic 1 (选题一) Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basictheory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade—free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions—improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called “comparative advantage”.Here’s a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it’s more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lowerwage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power.“Free trade is not always a win-win situa tion,” Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Topic 2 (选题二) Uga nda’s eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren’s smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 privateuniversities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health is another, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda’s high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government’s newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the “restoration of security” at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.KEYS：Section 1: 英译汉 (60分)Part A (必译题)(30分)在亚马逊河的这一支流上捕鱼的农民就希望遇上那天的情况。
2012考研英语二翻译部分答案
2012考研英语二翻译部分答案When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain, Canada Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates。
发展中国家的人们若为移民问题操心，往往是想到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学去创造自己最辉煌的未来。
英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国给大学毕业生提供的优惠移民政策，就是为了吸引这部分人群。
Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all Indians over the age of 25. The “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make。
12年11月二笔实务答案 汉英翻译参考译文
试题一China's Foreign AidChina is a developing country. Over the years, while focusing on its own development, China has been providing aid to the best of its ability to other developing countries with economic difficulties, and fulfilling its due international obligations.China has been doing its best to provide foreign aid, to help recipient countries to strengthen their self-development capacity, enrich and improve their peoples’ livelihood, and promote their economic growth and social progress. Through foreign aid, China has consolidated friendly relations and economic and trade cooperation with other developing countries, promoted South-South cooperation and contributed to the common development of mankind.Adhering to equality and mutual benefit, stressing substantial results, and keeping pace with the times without imposing any political conditions on recipient countries, China’s foreign aid has emerged as a model with its own characteristics.China’s foreign aid policy has distinct characteristics of the times. It is suited both to China’s actual conditions and the needs of the recipient countries. China is the world’s largest de veloping country, with a large population, a poor foundation and uneven economic development.As development remains an arduous and long-standing task, China’s foreign aid falls into the category of South-South cooperation and is mutual help between developing countries.Currently, the environment for global development is not favorable. With the repercussions of the international financial crisis continuing to linger, global concerns such as climate change, food crisis, energy and resource security, and epidemic of diseases have brought new challenges to developing countries. Against this background, China has a long way to go in providing foreign aid. The Chinese government will make efforts to optimize the country’s foreign aid structure, improve the quality of foreign aid, further increase recipient countries’ capacity in independent development, and improve the pertinence and effectiveness of foreign aid. As an important member of the international community, China will continue to promote South-South cooperation, as it always has done,gradually increase its foreign aid input on the basis of the continuous development of its economy, promote the realization of the UN Millennium Development Goals, and make unremitting efforts to build, together with other countries, a prosperous and harmonious world with lasting peace.试题二原文节选自《魅力翘楚贺兰山》（独家改良版译文By Zhu Xiaomeng）As precious cultural heritage left by ancient people, rock-painting can be said as an encyclopedia recording the early daily life of human, which not only inherits the ancient civilization of long standing, but also witnesses the culture, religion, folk-custom and art history of prehistoric people.China is one of the countries whose rock-carvings boasts long history, wide distribution, and varied contents; while Helan Mountain is one of the regions in China whose rock-carvings are noted for the most concentrated distribution, the widest range of themes, and the best preservation condition. In the hinterland of Helan Mountain, more than 20 relic places with rock-paintings have been discovered, among which, the most representative ones are those at the mouth of Helan Mountain.There are some 6,000 rock-paintings near the mouth of Helan Mountain, among which rare rock-paintings of human faces reach over 70 pieces. According to research, the rock-paintings at the mouth of Helan Mountain were done in different times, most of which were created by northern nomadic people. These rock-paintings are characterized by rough, plain shape and simple, natural composition, of vivid animals such as cattle, horses, donkeys, deer and tigers, as well as human heads carrying thousands of expressions. The ancient people recorded faithfully their pursuits and aspirations for happy life and their personal experiences and feelings with their understanding of the then social reality, leaving the mysterious and magnificent rock-painting heritage to later generations.Some scholars said that the mouth of Helan Mountain was served as a sacred worship place for prehistoric people due to its natural charm, while some held that the rock-paintings there were graphic characters, which appeared before pictographs. At that time when writing was not invented, people tried hard to express their ideals, wishes, happiness and sadness. In this way, the “Heaven ly Book” about prehistoric people was carved on the immortal Helan Mountain.。
CATTI二级笔译2012年11月汉英翻译真题及参考答案
2012.11Part A中国是一个发展中国家。
多年来，中国在致力于自身发展的同时，始终坚持向经济困难的其他发展中国家提供力所能及的援助，承担相应国际义务。
China is a developing country. China has been providing aid to other developing countries to the best of its ability and shouldering the due international duties while making remitting efforts to develop itself.中国仍量力而行，尽力开展对外援助，帮助受援国增强自主发展能力，丰富和改善人民生活，促进经济发展和社会进步。
中国的对外援助，发展巩固了与广大发展中国家的友好关系和经贸合作，推动了南南合作，为人类社会共同发展作出了积极贡献。
China is still doing its best to provide foreign aid to help other developing countries, helping them strengthen their capacity of independent development, enrich people’s livelihood and boost economic development and social progress. This enhances the friendly relations and economic collaboration between China and other developing countries and promotes South-South cooperation, which contributes to the common growth of mankind.中国对外援助坚持平等互利，注重实效，与时倶进，不附带任何政治条件，形成了具有自身特色的模式。
CATTI笔译综合能力二级翻译真题2006-2012
2006年5月【英译汉必译题】For all the natural and man-made disasters of the past year, travelers seem more determined than ever to leave home.Never mind the tsunami devastation in Asia last December, the recent earthquake in Kashmir or the suicide bombings this year in London and Bali, among other places on or off the tourist trail. The number of leisure travelers visiting tourist destinations hit by trouble has in some cases bounced back to a level higher than before disaster struck."This new fast recovery of tourism we are observing is kind of strange," said John Koldowski, director for the Strategic Intelligence Center of the Bangkok-based Pacific Asia Travel Association. "It makes you think about the adage that any publicity is good publicity."It is still too soon to compile year-on-year statistics for the disasters of the past 12 months, but travel industry experts say that the broad trends are already clear. Leisure travel is expected to increase by nearly 5 percent this year, according to the World Tourism and Travel Council.Tourism and travel now seem to bounce back faster and higher each time there is an event of this sort," said Ufi Ibrahim, vice president of the London-based World Tourism and Travel Council. For London, where suicide bombers killed 56 and wounded 700 on July 8, she said, "It was almost as if people who stayed away after the bomb attack then decided to come back twice."Early indicators show that the same holds true for other disaster-struck destinations. Statistics compiled by the Pacific Asia Travel Association, for example, show that monthly visitor arrivals in Sri Lanka, where the Dec. 26, 2004, tsunami left more than 30,000 people dead or missing, were higher than one year earlier for every month from March through August of this year.A case commonly cited by travel professionals as an early example of the trend is Bali, where 202 people were killed in bombings targeting Western tourists in October 2002. Visitor arrivals plunged to 993,000 for the year after the bombing, but bounced back to 1.46 million in 2004, a level higher than the two years before the bomb, according to the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Even among Australians, who suffered the worst casualties in the Bali bombings, the number of Bali-bound visitors bounced back within two years to the highest level since 1998, according the Pacific Asia Travel Association.Bali was hit again this year by suicide bombers who killed 19 people in explosions at three restaurants.Visits are also on the upswing to post-tsunami Thailand, where the giant waves killed 5,400 and left more than5,000 missing.Although the tsunami killed more than 500 Swedes on the Thai resort island of Phuket, the largest number of any foreign nationality to die, Swedes are returning to the island in larger numbers than last year, according to My Travel Sweden, a Stockholm-based group that sends 600,000 tourists overseas annually and claims a 28 percent market share for Sweden."We were confident that Thailand would eventually bounce back as a destination, but we didn"t think that this year it would come back even stronger than last year," said Joakim Eriksson, director of communication for My Travel Sweden. "We were very surprised because we really expected a significant decline."Eriksson said My Travel now expects a 5 percent increase in visitors to both Thailand and Sri Lanka this season compared with the same season last year. This behavior is a sharp change from the patterns of the 1990s, Eriksson said."During the first Gulf war we saw a sharp drop in travel as a whole, and the same after Sept. 11," Eriksson said. "Now the main impact of terrorism or disasters is a change in destination."【参考译文】尽管去年发生了许多自然灾害和人为的灾害，但是旅游者比以往更加坚决地出门旅行。
2012年考研英语二真题答案：翻译参考译文(跨考版)
2012年考研英语二真题答案：翻译参考译文
（跨考版）
发展中国家的人们担心“移民”，通常是在关注他们前往硅谷或者发达国家的医院和大学后，自己最为美好的，光明的前景会是如何。
这些移民是英国、加拿大和澳大利亚这样的国家，试图通过制定一些给予大学毕业生特权的移民政策，想要吸引的一类人群。
大量研究表明，发达国家中受过良好教育的人非常可能移民。
2004年对于印度家庭的一项大型研究表明，接近40%的移民都接受过高中以上的教育，而年龄在25岁以上的印度人当中受过高中以上教育的人只有 3.3%。
这种“人才流失”长期以来困扰着贫穷国家的政策制定者，这些政策制定者担心移民会破坏他们国家的经济，流失许多急缺的技术人才，这些人才也许本应在他们的大学教书，在他们的医院工作，创造出新产品让本国的工厂来制造。
2012年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案
2012年11月翻译资格考试二级英语笔译实务真题及答案第一部分英译汉试题一Where Shakespeare Slept, or So They SayTucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coaching inn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of "A Midsummer Night's Dream."Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as a Tudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.It was "Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linked Shakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It is also said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23 every year -- the date he is said to have been born and to have died." "In later years, the house later became a farmhouse, with 150 acres of land, but, over time, pieces were sold off," Mr. Underwood said. "In the 20th century, it was owned by two American families." Now, he and his co-owner, Roy Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property on the market at￡1.375 million, or $2.13 million. Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-square-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritage lists it as a Grade II* property, indicating that it is particularly important and of "more than special interest." Only 27 percent of the 1,600 buildings on the organization's register have this designation.We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale. It is so unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when wesaw it, we absolutely fell in love with it," Mr. Underwood said. "We have taken great pleasure in working on it and living here. This house is all about the history." In addition to being the owners' home, the property currently is run as a luxury guest house,with rooms rented for￡99 to￡250 a night."Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture," said Dean Heaviside, the national sales director of Fine real estate agency, which is representing the owners. "It has been beautifully restored and offers a unique lifestyle, which brings a taste of the past together with modern-day comfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."参考译文：这家前伊丽莎白时期的驿站旅馆坐落于白金汉郡的这个小村落之中，据说莎士比亚的《仲夏夜之梦》有一部分书稿就是在这里完成的。
2012年11月10号教育部二级笔译试卷 记忆版
2012年11月10号教育部笔译二级考试汉译英Passage 1国际货币体系的问题在2008年就已经暴露出来了，欧债危机只是进一步展示了其中的问题和挑战。
过去几年里，中国和其他国家政府官员以及学界，已经把基于主权货币的国际金融体系所隐含的问题讲得很清楚，大家都认识到现有国际金融体系固有的问题，也同时都看到未来改革的方向，亦即必须建立超越主权的国际货币——国际通货。
但是，虽然方向明白了，我们也还要认识到短期内这一目标不可能实现。
其中的主要挑战在于还没有一个世界政府，也没有真正的世界央行。
国际货币基金组织只能算是形式上的世界央行，联合国也没有真正的立法权、执法权和行政权。
在国家主权当先的世界秩序下，超主权货币难以成为现实。
欧元危机正说明了这一点。
欧元区17国只有货币联盟，但没有财政联盟、更没有政治和法治乃至行政方面的联盟.Passage 2统筹城乡发展，推进城乡一体化，要以深化宏观体制改革为突破口，深化财政、税收、金融、户籍、社会保障、劳动就业等宏观经济领域和社会领域的改革，建立健全城乡平等的经济社会体制。
通过创新体制，建立统筹城乡发展新的政策体系，彻底扫清造成城乡分隔的种种障碍，建立有利于城乡人口和生产要素合理流动的体制机制，促进城市与农村全方位、多层次的开放与交流，让城乡居民享有平等的政治、经济和社会地位，拥有平等的权利、义务和发展机会。
统筹城乡发展要把实现城乡居民的愿望，满足城乡居民的需要，特别是增进最广大农民群众的物质利益、政治利益、文化利益作为工作的出发点和落脚点，正确处理城镇建设与农村建设的关系，坚持富民为先、以民为本，充分调动和发挥人民群众的主观能动性和创造性，着力推进城市和农村的协调发展。
英翻汉Passage 1全文如下："Buy now, pay later” has long been the unofficial mantra of American retailing. But this holiday season plenty of American shoppers have gone the other way—paying first and buying later. ’Tis the season of layaway.From a strictly financial perspective, layaway looks foolish. As critics point out, if you were to put the purchase on a credit card instead and pay off the amount in full by the time that the layaway period would have elapsed, you could well pay less in interest than the five-dollar service fee that most st ores charge. Alternatively, if you don’t have a credit card, you could put the moneyyou’re going to spend on the product into a savings account or under your mattress. That would save you the service fee and eliminate the risk that you’ll have to pay a ca ncellation fee if you end up not making all the layaway payments. What this analysis leaves out, however, is the way people actually behave. Even people who can pay off their credit cards often don’t, since the whole structure of the credit-card industry is designed to make you irresponsible—as long as you make a small monthly payment, the bank will carry you. In fact, that’s what the bank wants: the profits in the credit-card business come from “revolvers,” people who pay a small amount each month and rack up big interest charges—far more than the five bucks they’d have spent on a layaway service fee. Layaway, by contrast, fosters virtue: it forces you to save, because if you don’t make the payment you don’t get the product. It’s what psychologists call a “commitment device,” a way to get yourself to do something that you want to do but know you’ll have a hard time doing if left purely to your own devices.Passage 2未找到原文不过是以下这篇文章的缩略版。
2012年11月CATTI笔译考试真题及答案
1.英译汉FOR MORE than 30 years, I have been wondering about L.R. Generson.三十多年来，我一直在思考着L. R. 杰内森究竟是何许人。
On one of our first Christmases together, my husband gave me a complete set of Dickens. There were 20 volumes, bound in gray cloth with black corners, old but in good condition. Stamped on the flyleaf of each volume, in faded block letters, was the name of the previous own er: “L.R. Generson, M.D., Bronx, NY.’’在我和丈夫一起度过的最初的几次圣诞节中，有一次他送给我了一整套狄更斯的作品。
这些书有二十卷，用一块黑色边角的灰布包裹着，这些书尽管有些旧了但保存完好。
每一卷的扉页上，都有模糊的大写字母，显示着它们之前的主人的信息：“L. R. 杰内森, 医学博士，布朗克斯，纽约。
”That Dickens set is one of the best presents anyone has ever given me. A couple of the books are still pristine, but others - “Bleak House,’’ “David Copperfield,’’ and especially “Great Expectations’’ - have been read and re-read almost to pieces. Over the years, Pip and Estella and Magwitch have kept me company. So have Lady Dedlock, Steerforth and Peggotty, the Cratchits and the Pecksniffs and the Veneerings. And so, in his silent enigmatic way, has L.R. Generson.这套狄更斯的作品是我收到的最好的礼物之一。
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2012年11月英语二级《笔译实务》试题Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）Where Shakespeare Slept, or So They SayTucked away in this small village in Buckinghamshire County is the former Elizabethan coachinginn where William Shakespeare is said to have penned part of ”A Midsummer Night's Dream. ”Dating from 1534, the inn, now called Shakespeare House, is thought to have been built as aTudor hunting lodge. Later it became a stop for travelers between London and Stratford-upon-Avon, where Shakespeare was born and buried.It was ”Brief Lives," a 17th-century collection of biographies by John Aubrey, that linkedShakespeare to the inn, saying that he had stayed there and drawn inspiration for the comedy while in the village.One of the current owners, Nick Underwood, said the local lore goes even further: "It isalso said he appears at the oriel window on the top floor of the house on April 23 every year --the date he is said to have been born and to have died.""In later years, the house later became a farmhouse, with 150 acres of land, but, over time,pieces were sold off," Mr. Underwood said. "In the 20th century, it was owned by two Americanfamilies." Now, he and his co-owner, Roy Elsbury, have put the seven-bedroom property onthe market at ￡1.375 million, or $2.13 million.Despite its varied uses and renovations over the years, the 4,250-square-foot, or 395-square-meter, inn has retained so much of its original character that the organization English Heritagelists it as a Grade II* property, indicating that it is particularly important and of "more thanspecial interest." Only 27 percent of the 1,600 buildings on the organization's register havethis designation.We knew of the house before we bought it and were very excited when it came up for sale. It isso unusual to find an Elizabethan property of this size, in this area, and when we saw it, we absolutely fell in love with it," Mr. Underwoodsaid. "We have taken great pleasure in workingon it and living here. This house is all about the history."In addition to being the owners' home, the property currently is run as a luxury guest house,with rooms rented for ￡99 to ￡250 a night."Shakespeare House is a wonderful example of Elizabethan architecture," said Dean Heaviside,the national sales director of Fine real estate agency, which is representing the owners. "It hasbeen beautifully restored and offers a unique lifestyle, which brings a taste of the pasttogether with modern-day comfort. It is rare to find a home like this on the market."Part B Optional Translation（二选一题）Topic 1 （选题一）In Greenland, Ice and InstabilityThe ancient frozen dome cloaking Greenland is so vast that pilots have crashed into what theythought was a cloud bank spanning the horizon. Flying over it, you can scarcely imagine that itcould erode fast enough to dangerously raise sea levels any time soon.Along the flanks in spring and summer, however, the picture is very different. For an increasingnumber of warm years, a network of blue lakes and rivulets of melt-water has been spreadingever higher on the icecap.The melting surface darkens, absorbing up to four times as much energy from the sun as snow,which reflects sunlight. Natural drainpipes called moulins carry water from the surface into thedepths, in some places reaching bedrock.The process slightly, but measurably, lubricates and accelerates the grinding passage of icetowards the sea.Most important, many glaciologists say, is the break-up of huge semi-submerged clots of icewhere some large Greenland glaciers, particularly along the west coast, squeeze through fiordsas they meet the warming ocean. As these passages have cleared, this has sharply acceleratedthe flow of many of these creeping, corrugated and frozen rivers.Some glaciologists fear that the rise in seas in a warming world could be much greater than theupper estimate of about 60 centimeters this century made by the Intergovernmental Panel onClimate Change last year. (Seas rose less than 30 centimeters last century.)The panel's assessment did not include factors known to contribute to ice flows but notunderstood well enough to estimate with confidence. SCIENTIFIC scramble is under way to clarify whether the erosion of the world's most vulnerable ice sheets, in Greenland and westAntarctica, can continue to accelerate. The effort involves field and satellite analyses and siftingfor clues from past warm periods,Things are definitely far more serious than anyone would have thought five years ago.Topic 2（选题二）抱歉，暂未在互联网上找到试题来源。