北师大版高中英语选修六第6讲:Unit17 Laughter-语法篇(学生版)
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Unit 17 Laughter 语法篇
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1、掌握过去完成进行时的用法。
2、掌握并区分进行时态与非进行时态的用法。
3、掌握过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时、过去完成时及过去进行时的区别。
一. 过去完成进行时
1. 定义:过去完成进行时是表示一个动作从过去某时开始,一直延续到另一个过去时刻,到那个时刻,该动作可能刚刚终止,也有可能还在继续。
2. 构成:
3. 用法:
①过去完成进行时表示在过去某一时间之前一直进行着的动作。
He said he had been standing in the wind all the morning. 他说他在风中站了一上午了。
Before I worked in the factory, I had been working as a secretary in the local government. 在我来这个工
厂之前,我一直在当地政府部门做秘书工作。
②过去完成进行时表示过去某个确定的时间内反复进行的动作。
"The man had been visiting your office several times before you arrived," Tom said to me. 汤姆对我说:“在你到来之前这个人已到过你的办公室好几次了。”
③过去完成进行时表示到过去的某个时间点还在进行的动作。
She told me that she had been writing letters since breakfast. 她告诉我她从吃过早饭就一直在写信。
④过去完成进行时表示一定的感情色彩。
过去完成进行时有时可表示强烈的感情色彩,如表达喜欢或厌恶等感情。
I never thought he had been doing that kind of thing to you. 我怎么也没想到他居然对你做那种事。
误区警示:
某些不能用于进行时的动词,同样不能用于过去完成进行时。分类如下:
二. 进行时态与非进行时态的区别
1. 进行时态表示动作未完成,非进行时态表示动作已完成。比较:
The Greens were watching a football match on TV. 格林一家正在看电视上播出的足球赛。(正在看)
The Greens watched a football match on TV last night. 昨天晚上格林一家看了电视上播出的足球赛。(看过了)
I have been fixing the bridge all this morning. 我一上午都在修冰箱。(可能会持续下去)
I have fixed the fridge. 我已修好了冰箱。(已修完)
2. 进行时态表示暂时的动作,非进行时态表示永久的动作。比较:
Where is he working at present? 他母亲在哪儿工作?(临时性工作)
Where does he work? 他在哪儿工作?(固定工作)
We were working from two to four yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我们从2点一直工作到4点。(只是某段时间)
We work in that factory. 我们在那家工厂工作。(永久性的)
三. 过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时、过去完成时及过去进行时的区别
1. 过去完成进行时与现在完成进行时的区别:
过去完成进行时表示动作发生在过去,延续到过去;现在完成进行时表示动作发生在过去,延续到现在,并且可能继续下去。
2. 过去完成进行时与过去完成时的区别:
过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始,一直延续到这一过去时间,并有可能继续下去;而过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去,时间一定是在过去的过去。
3. 过去完成进行时与过去进行时的区别:
过去完成进行时表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作,时间相对于过去而言;而过去进行时则表示过去某一时间动作正在进行,是相对于现在而言,所以过去进行时表示过去动作的暂时性、一时性,动作并未结束。
例1. The crazy fans __ __ patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.
A. were waiting
B. had been waiting
C. had waited
D. would wait
例 2. He ___ __ photos along the lake before he saw a boy fall into the water.
A. had been taking
B. have been taking
C. had taken
D. have taken
例3.Tom __ __ in the library every night over the last three months.
A.works
B.worked
C.has been working
D.had been working
例4.(2019 陕西高考)On Monday mornings it usually __ __ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.
A.takes
B.is taking
C.took
D.will take
例5.(2019 湖南高考)Since the time humankind started gardening, we __ __ to make our environment more beautiful.
A. try
B. have been trying
C. are trying
D. will try
基础演练
一. 用括号里所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. He __ __ __ (amuse) us by his humorous story before our teacher came into classroom.
2. Our school __ __ __ (forbid) students to take part in some activities such as singing competition until our new headmaster took his place.