全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之议论文

全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之议论文

(2014安徽卷) D

Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasons for example, economic (经济的) reasons—why they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed?

In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own home town of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate (影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area.

It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative(保守的) and do not like change.

Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward . If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves . Thus , I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different , even though that might be the more risky choice.

68. What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph?

A. Some of them are not attractive.

B. Most of them ate too expensive to preserve.

C. They are more pleasing than modern buildings.

D. They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.

69. Which of the following is true according to the author?

A. We should reproduce the same old buildings.

B. Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.

C. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in.

D. No one understands why people speak against new buildings.

70. By “move things forward ” in the last paragraph , the author probably means “______”.

A. Destroy old buildings

B. Put things in a different place

C. Choose new architectural styles

D. Respect people’s feelings for historical buildings

71. What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain why people dislike change.

B. To warn that we could end up living in caves.

C. To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.

D. To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.

【篇章导读】这是一篇议论文。有历史遗迹的地方是否可建设现代建筑？作者认为新的建筑风格能与古老的风格共存。

68. A【解析】细节题。根据第一段中的“Not all historical buildings are attractive.”可知，不是所

有的古代建筑都很吸引人。

69. C【解析】推理题。根据第三段中的“It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too.”可知，一些新建筑会毁掉他们所在地区的面貌，反之易然，一些旧建筑物也会破坏了所在的面貌。70. C 【解析】推理题。根据最后中的“If we always reproduced what was there before,we would all still be living in caves . Thus , I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different , even though that might be the more risky choice.”可知，作者的观点是有古老的建筑风格的地方可选择新的建筑风格，这是建筑师和规划师的责任。

71. D 【解析】推理题。作者在第一段中抛出问题“Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a histor ic area of a city?”，第二、三、四段中提问自己的观点“new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style.”所以文章主要论述新的建筑风格能与古老的风格共存。

(2014福建卷) D

Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money. Strange as it may seem, if you're unsatisfied, the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires—not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don't have enough tastes.

Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities (能力) to enjoy life. Most people are already swamped(淹没) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much. They live in too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a hut.

Your house of life ought to be a mansion (豪宅) , a royal palace. Every new taste, every additional interest, every fresh enthusiasm adds a room. Here are several rooms your house of life should have.

Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things. If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them, they would make you as happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when you're hungry.

Literature, classic literature, is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment. To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person, for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library.

Music like Mozart's and Bach's shouldn't be absent. Real riches are of the spirit. And when you've brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk, you have increased your thrills and bettered them. And life is a matter of thrills.

Sports, without which you remain poor, mean a lot in life. No matter who you are, you would be more human, and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days, if you could, and did, play a bit.

Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life, the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding.

68. The author intends to tell us that______.

A. true happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair means

B. big houses are people's most valued possessions

C. big houses can in a sense bring richness of life

D. true happiness comes from spiritual riches

69. The underlined sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that______.

A. however materially rich, they never seem to be satisfied

B. however materially rich, they remain spiritually poor

C. though their house is big, they prefer a simple life

D. though their house is big, it seems to be a cage

70. It can be learned from the passage that ______.

A. more money brings more happiness

B. art is needed to make your house beautiful

C. literature can enrich your spiritual life

D. sports contribute mainly to your physical fitness

71. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. House of Life

B. Secret of Wealth

C. Rest and Refreshment

D. Interest and Enthusiasm

【篇章导读】这是一篇议论文。很多人物质上很富有，但他们的精神生活很匮乏。真正的幸福源于精神上的富有。

68. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据四、五、六、七段有关Art, Literature, Music, Sports的论述可知，幸福的人需拥有艺术、文学、音乐和运动等，真正的幸福源于精神上的富有。

69. B 【解析】句意理解题。根据第二段中的“Most people are already swamped(淹没) with things. They eat, wear, go and talk too much.”以及该段内容本句“They live in too big a house with too many rooms, yet their house of life is a hut.”可知，有些人无论物质上多么富有，但是在精神生活很贫穷。

70. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Literature, classic literature, is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you might find many an hour o f rest and refreshment.”可知，文学可以丰富我们的精神生活。

71. A 【解析】主旨大意题。文中的“Your house of life ought to be a mansion (豪宅) , a royal palace. Here are several rooms your house of life should have. …Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life, the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding.”可知，House of Life作文章的标题最佳。

(2014 湖北卷) E

For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets, and even bicycles. Dr. Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue, th e elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk, the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally (水平地), and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的) columns.

If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience—one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we’re hanging from a cable in a long passage.

In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it,” Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Bernard, sets the elevator

ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives Today, as the world’s urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America’s total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine’s “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”—are a force that’s becoming more important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.

67. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. The general view of elevators.

B. The particular interests of experts.

C. The desire for a remarkable machine.

D. The enthusiasm for transport vehicles.

68. The author’s purpose in mentioning cars is ______.

A. to contrast their functions with elevators’

B. to emphasize the importance of elevators

C. to reveal their secret war against elevators

D. to explain people’s preference for elevators

69. According to Prof. Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences?

A. Vertical direction.

B. Lack of excitement.

C. Little physical space.

D. Uncomfortable conditions.

70. The author urges readers to consider ______.

A. the exact number of elevator lovers

B. the serious future situation of elevators

C. the role of elevators in city development

D. the relationship between cars and elevators

【篇章导读】这是一篇议论文。诸多城市人对电梯有误解，然而电梯在城市的发展中有显著的作用。

67. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets, and even bicycles.”可知，很多人认为电梯不值得注意，它不会给人带来热情和兴趣，但是Dr. Christopher Wilk认为这是一种误解。所以this指对电梯的普遍看法。

68. B 【解析】作者意图题。根据第一段中的“In that sense, they argue, the elevator’s role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk, the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally (水平地), and elevators pushing them toward life in close groups of towering vertical (垂直的) col umns.”可知，作者谈及汽车是为了说明电梯的重要性。

69. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘After 150 years, we are still not used to it,’Bernard said.‘We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.’”可知，Prof. Bernard认为人们不习惯乘电梯是因为空间太小，这与人们其它的生活经历不一样。C项中的“Little physical space”与Bernard谈及的“closeness”相吻合。

70. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“America’s total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine’s “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”—are a

force that’s becoming more important than ever.”可知，然而电梯在城市的发展中扮演着重要角色。

(2014 江苏卷) B

However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone's time or money could be better spent on something else.

Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.

Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost.

For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there's no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.

Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it's human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.

In the business world, a popular phrase is "value for money." People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: "value for time." The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.

58. According to the passage, the concept of "opportunity cost" is applied to______.

A. making more money

B. taking more opportunities

C. reducing missed opportunities

D. weighing the choice of opportunities

59. The "leftover ... time" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time______.

A. spared for watching the match at home

B. taken to have dinner with friends

C. spent on the way to and from the match

D. saved from not going to watch the match

60. What are forgone opportunities?

A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making.

B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.

C. Opportunities you miss accidentally.

D. Opportunities you make up for.

【篇章导读】本文是一篇议论文。文中讲一天中人们不可有足够的时间做想要做的一切事情，

我们要放弃一些机会以得到更好的机会。

58. D 【解析】猜测词义题。根据第一段中的“Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone's time or money could be better spent on something else.”可知，the concept of opportunity cost指人们是否能把时间或金钱更好地利用在其他事上，所以它用在衡量机会的选择。

59. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends?”可知去体育场看球赛花钱，来回的途中又花时间，倒不如在家里用省下来时间和金钱和朋友吃饭。所以文中leftover money and time指看球赛来回所花费的时间。

60. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段内容，尤其是该段中的“Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.”可以，forgone opportunities指为了更好的机会被放弃的机会。

(2014 江西卷) D

Every one looks forward to progress, whether in one’s personal life or in the general society. Progress indicates a person’s ability to change the way he is living at the moment. Progress must lead a better way of doing things. All these, however, remains true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.

However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”, efficiency comes with a price. When communication becomes efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to. The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or to see each other without even leaving their homes. With the communication gadgets, such as mobile phones and ipads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally. A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the person’s presence for as long as the visit lasts. We ca nnot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.

With efficiency also comes mass production. Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today. Factories have improved efficiency. Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done. However, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products. For example, many handcrafts (手工艺品) are now produced in a factory. Although this means that supply is better able to increase demand, now that the supply is quick and efficient, the demand might fall because mass production lowers the quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs on each item.

Nevertheless, we must not commit the mistake of analyzing progress only from one point of view. In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up. It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state. New technology is required for old products to stay old.

It is people’s attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society. Technology is flexible. There is no fixed way of making use of it. Everything depends on people’s attitude. The worst effects of progress will fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views of society. When we accept progress and ada pt it to suit our needs, a new “past” is created.

70. According to Paragraph 1, progress can benefit people when they are willing to ______.

A. live a better life

B. look for better methods

C. change ways of living

D. accept technology and advance steadily

71. The underlined word “gadgets” is closest in meaning to ______.

A. tools

B. messages

C. barriers

D. skills

72. The author explains “efficiency comes with a price” by ______.

A. describing a process

B. using examples

C. following time order

D. making classification

73. Compared with home-made handicrafts, machine-made products ______.

A. lack great accuracy

B. lack the personal touch

C. are of high value

D. are quite welcome

74. What can be learned about technology from Paragraph 4?

A. It can destroy old traditions.

B. It can lead to social progress.

C. It can be used to correct mistakes.

D. It can be used to preserve old products.

75. What can be concluded from the last paragraph?

A. Progress can suit the needs of daily life.

B. People review the past with great regret.

C. Technology should be introduced in a fixed way.

D. People’s attitude decides the use of technology.

【篇章导读】这是一篇议论文。新技术有利有弊，但是真正技术是否能够影响人类的生活取决于人们对待技术的态度。

70.D 【解析】推理题。根据第一段中的“All these, however, remains true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things.”可知，人们想要接受新技术并且通过找到更有效的做事方法来向前发展时，进步是有很多好处的。

71.A 【解析】猜测词义题。根据该词所在句“With the communication gadgets, such as mobile phones and ipads”中的关键词mobile phones and ipads可知，gadget指人们经常使用的通讯工具。

72.B 【解析】推理题。根据划线后面的“When communication becomes efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to. The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or to see each other without even leaving their homes.”可知，作者通过具体的例子来解释“efficiency comes with a price(高效率带来的发展有代价)”。73.B【解析】细节题。根据文章第三段中的“How ever, with the improvements in efficiency also comes the loss of the personal touch when making these products.”可知，技术进步以后，机器生产出来的产品缺乏人情味。

74.D 【解析】推理题。根据第四段中的“It is only with progress and the invention of new technology that many old products can be brought back to their old state. New technology is required for old products to stay old.”可知，新技术可用于保存陈旧的产品，因为新技术的运用可使许多古老的东西风韵犹存。

75.D 【解析】推理题。根据最后段中的“It is people’s attitude towards progress that causes the type of influence that technology has on society.”以及“Everything depends on people’s attitude”可知，人们对于进步的态度决定技术的使用。

(2014 陕西卷) D

One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son’s school being comforted by

teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching（干呕）into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficult sleeping the night before.

What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-competitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day cause no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare （噩梦）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disease.

Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say competition is character building; or it’s taking part, not winning, that’s important; or that’s a tradition of school life.

I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain.

Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting — and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone’s eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.

I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.

57. What can we learn about the author’s son from Paragraph 1?

A. He talked with some mothers.

B. He comforted his classmates.

C. He had difficulty in sleeping.

D. He suffered from stomachache.

58. Sports day is still an annul event in this school probably because ______.

A. this is an independent school

B. it is a tradition of the school

C. it helps children lose weight

D. children enjoy watching sports

59. What does the author think about team games?

A. They should include more stressful races.

B. They are acceptable to different children.

C. They should be abandoned at primary school.

D. They are less fun for those who love running.

60. What is the author’s attitude towards sports day?

A. Critical.

B. Neutral.

C. Positive.

D. Ambiguous.

【篇章导读】这是一篇议论文。学校“运动日”对不同学生有不同的影响。建议学校取消或者用竞争性更少的活动取代该活动。

57. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching（干呕）into a bowl.”可知，作者的儿子胃疼。

58. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Some may say competition is character building; or it’s taking part, not winning, that’s important; or that’s a tradition of school life.”可知，学校每年有“运动日”的原因可能是因为它的学校的传统。

59. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting —and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone’s eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.”可知，团队运动能让孩子有热情、观看起来也有趣，不同的学生可接受团队运动。

60. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I wish that spo rts day could be abandoned and

replaced with some other less competitive event.”可知，作者认为可放弃“运动日”，或用其他方式取代，所以作者对它持有批评的态度。

(2014新课标1卷) C

A typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip( 鞭) at a chair. The whip gets all of the atten tion, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?

This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.

It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become…take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.

28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?

A. To trick the lion.

B. To show off his skills.

C. To get ready for a fight.

D. To entertain the audience.

29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?

A. They feel puzzled over choices.

B. They hold on to the wrong things.

C. They find it hard to make changes.

D. They have to do something for show

30. What is the author’s attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph3?

A. Tolerant.

B. Doubtful.

C. Respectful.

D. Supportive.

31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to ______.

A. wait for a better chance

B. break your old habits

C. make a quick decision

D. ask for clear guidance

【篇章导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文中通过驯兽师用“椅子”迷惑狮子的故事告诉人们当面对迷惑的选择时，要当即作出决定，确定目的，马上采取行动。

28. A 【解析】推理题。根据第一段中的“When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.”可知，驯兽师用“椅子”迷惑狮子。

29. A 【解析】推理题。根据第二段中的“How often do you find yourself in the s ame position as the lion? …only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?”可知，人们与狮子相似，当面临着很多选择的时候，也会很困惑，不知所措。

30. B 【解析】推理题。根据第三段中“This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best the people who want to improve their lives are left

confused by all of the conflicting information. …stay the same when we could be improving.”可知，由于专家的问题，本可进步的人们却停留在原地，所以作者对专家持有怀疑的态度。

31.C 【解析】推理题。根据最后一段中的“Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. I…take immediate action.”可知，当面对多种选择的时候，作者的建议是立刻采取行动。

(2014 重庆卷) B

There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can’t help putting on weight as they get older, while others hold that if they stop exercising, their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths：

I’ll never lose weight一I come from a fat family

Wrong! While we can’t change the body type we are bo rn with, we can’t blame our genes for making us fat. There’s plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families, and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.

I am fat because I burn calories slowly

Wrong! Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). In fact, although fat people consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat! Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.

Exercise is boring

Wrong! Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that’s fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk，take a different route. If you do yoga，try a tai chi class. If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time challenge. No pain, no gain

Wrong! Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed, pain is your body telling you something’s wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly, but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don’t, rest an d seek medical advice.

40. What does the author think about being fat?

A. It is the family genes that make people fat.

B. People are fat because they consume too little energy.

C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.

D. It is the conse quence of people’s unbalanced lifestyle.

41. According to the author, how can we make exercise more interesting?

A. By taking varied exercise.

B. By choosing simple exercise.

C. By doing regular exercise.

D. By sticking to outdoor exercise.

42. What is the author’s opinion about “No pain, no gain” in exercising?

A. Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.

B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.

C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.

D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.

43. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To declare the importance of keeping fit.

B. To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.

C. To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.

D. To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.

【篇章导读】这是一篇议论文。文中作者驳斥了一些关于肥胖和锻炼的谬见。

40. D 【解析】细节理解题。作者在文章中否定了多个关于肥胖和锻炼的错误观点。根据第二段中的“the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.”可知，肥胖与饮食习惯以及锻炼太少有关，它是不平衡生活方式的结果。

41.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that’s fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk，take a different route. If you do yoga，try a tai chi class. If you like swimming, set yourself a distance or time chall enge.”可知，让锻炼有趣味的关键是制定一个平衡的、多样化的锻炼计划。

42.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Indeed, pain is your body telling you something’s wrong, and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury.”可知，锻炼时如果身体感觉疼痛就应该停止锻炼，否则会受伤。

43.B 【解析】主旨意图题。根据第一段中的“There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise.”可知，文中作者驳斥了一些关于肥胖和锻炼的谬见。