参考文献&致谢的写作要求
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这篇致谢中感谢了四种基金会的资助。感谢了Smith教授的 讨论，还感谢了Xie和Jim技术上的帮助。
References
References • General Introduction • Function • Basic rules • Style
General Introduction
References list specific works that used in the paper. References list books and articles related to a general or highly specialized field of study
Basic rules
List only significant published references Make sure that all references cited in the text are indeed listed in the literatures Use the published references whenever possible Cite the latest published literatures with prior
• 引文的作者姓氏已在正文中自然列出，括号中只列出出 版年，如: In a recent study Dunham(1997) argued that…..
• 引文的作者姓氏如在正文中没有写出，则在括号中列出， 如A recent study （Dunham 1998）shows that……
• 引用同一作者在同一年出版的多篇论文，在括号中的出 版年后应加字母（a，b，c等）加以区别 • 引用同一作者在不同年份出版的多篇论文，括号中按出 版年顺序列举，如When his subsequent studies were published （Smith 1999，2000，2002），it became clear that….
列出支持研究的个人或组织
Contents
Two possible ingredients require consideration
Acknowledge any significant technical help, including individual help, the source of special equipment, cultures or other materials.
• Three general ways of citing references:
著者-出版年体系（name-year system） 顺序编码体系（citation-order system） 著者-数字（顺序编码）体系（alphabet-number system）
Name-year system
• Advantages : convenience add or delete easily • Shortcomings: distract the readers(often in the introduction) increase the cost of publications
Writing points
Writing points
• 如果有多篇文献作者的姓氏相同，则需加列名的首字母以 区别，如The most recent work( Dawson G L 2003, Dawson W M2003) has shown that ….. • 如果文献的作者有两位，则两位作者的姓氏都应列出：如 Matthews and Jones（1998） have proposed that….. • 如果文献作者有3位，正文中首次出现时列出所有3位作者 的姓氏，此后再提及，只列第一作者并加et al.（但文献书 目中列3位） • 如果作者数超过3位，则在正文或文献书目中只列出第一 作者加et al
How to state the Acknowledgments and References
小组成员： 郭慧慧 刘莉莎 张梦媛 邹青
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
Contents of acknowledgments
Main points of acknowledgments
参考文献： – 完整的科技论文不可或缺的一部分； – 论文内容的缘起和延伸； – 为有兴趣的读者提供进一步查询的资料或信息线索
Function
• help the reader locate and consult a particular book or article.
• 参考文献的作用： 注明前人的相关工作，说明研究背景和依据； 避免作者不必要地重复论述已有的方法、结果和结论； 论证作者的观点
Avoid quoting the author’s literatures
Styles
• 有250种以上的参考文献著录格式，差别大多体现在各著录项的取舍 、不同著录项的编排顺序、字体变化、标点符号等； • 各类参考文献编辑软件：Endnote，Procite，Reference Manager，可提 供300种以上的参考文献格式；
Contents
Acknowledge any outside financial assistance, such as grants, contacts, or fellowships.
For example:
1. This work was supported in part by NIH grants GM61390 and
Examples
Citation-order system
• Advantages : quickly refer to the references avoid the substantial printing expense of the name and year system • Shortcomings: To authors, the substantial renumbering chore To readers, separation of various articles of the same author
作者感谢了中国教育部的支持，也特别感谢了王先生和郭先生 在技术上的帮助，和感谢朱女士在写作上的协助。
Examples
• This work was supported by Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC), Singapore and National University of Singapore under the grant number R279-00-208-305. The authors are grateful to Professor Kenneth A. Smith (Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT) for helpful discussion on this project. We would also thank J. Xie and L.K. Limfor their technical support in the course of this study.
Functions
By acknowledgements, the writer thanks supporters and colleagues
通过致谢，作者要感谢支持者和同事
List the individuals or institutions that supported the research
致谢的形式要参阅期刊的投稿指南的作者需知，尤其是对 于感谢有关基金资助的信息，有些期刊要求将其放到“致 谢”中，有些则要求将其放到论文首页的脚注部分。
Examples
• This work was supported by the key project of Chinese ministry of education (No. 104093). Special thanks are given to Mr. Jinchao Wang and Mr Huizhong Guo for their technical help and Ms. Suyan Zhu for her writing assistance.
Biblioteka Baidu
Main points
投稿前应请所有被感谢的对象阅读论文的定稿（尤其是致 谢部分），已获得允许或默认。 用词要恰当(避免使用wish) 致谢的开始应该用“We thank”,而不是“We wish to thank” “We would like to thank”或“The authors thank”等，尤其是 “wish”一词尽量避免使用。
Examples
Alphabet-number system
• 正文中文献标注采用“顺序编码体系”，文献书目的著录 则采用“著者-出版年体系”。
• Advantages : modification of name and year system
GM75900, as well as by an unrestricted grant from Amgen, Inc.
2. This work is supported by the Kansas Technology nterprise Corporation through the Centers of Exellence Program and by Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
Main points
致谢的内容应尽量具体
致谢的对象应是对论文工作有直接和实质性帮助、贡献的 人或者机构，因此，致谢中应尽量指出相应对象的具体帮 助与贡献。 例如：“Thanks are due to J. Jones for assistance with the experiments and to R. Smith for valuable discussion.”的表达， 避免如“To acknowledge all of the people who have contributed to this paper in some manner……” 如果是感谢一个思想、建议或者解释，就要尽量指明这 些内容，以免将被感谢的对象敏感而尴尬地置于为整篇论 文承担文责的境地。
For example:
1. We greatly appreciate and thank our former group members Drs. Carolyn L.Cummins, Linda E. Gustavson, Philip C.Smith, Vincent Wacher, Laurene Wang Smith, Alan Wolfe,and Yuanchao Derek Zhang for their careful review and helpful editing of this manuscript. 2. Special thanks are given to Mr. Jinchao Wang and Mr Huizhong Guo for their technical help and Ms. Suyan Zhu for her writing assistance.
Writing points
• 正文引用的文献按其出现的先后顺序连续编码，并将序号 置于方括号“[]”或圆括号“（）” • 引用多篇文献时，只需将各篇文献的序号在括号内全部列 出，各序号间用逗号。 • 文献书目中的各篇文献按其在正文中出现的标注序号依次 列出； • 正文中文献序号多用上角标形式标注。参照拟投稿刊物的 作者须知。
References
References • General Introduction • Function • Basic rules • Style
General Introduction
References list specific works that used in the paper. References list books and articles related to a general or highly specialized field of study
Basic rules
List only significant published references Make sure that all references cited in the text are indeed listed in the literatures Use the published references whenever possible Cite the latest published literatures with prior
• 引文的作者姓氏已在正文中自然列出，括号中只列出出 版年，如: In a recent study Dunham(1997) argued that…..
• 引文的作者姓氏如在正文中没有写出，则在括号中列出， 如A recent study （Dunham 1998）shows that……
• 引用同一作者在同一年出版的多篇论文，在括号中的出 版年后应加字母（a，b，c等）加以区别 • 引用同一作者在不同年份出版的多篇论文，括号中按出 版年顺序列举，如When his subsequent studies were published （Smith 1999，2000，2002），it became clear that….
列出支持研究的个人或组织
Contents
Two possible ingredients require consideration
Acknowledge any significant technical help, including individual help, the source of special equipment, cultures or other materials.
• Three general ways of citing references:
著者-出版年体系（name-year system） 顺序编码体系（citation-order system） 著者-数字（顺序编码）体系（alphabet-number system）
Name-year system
• Advantages : convenience add or delete easily • Shortcomings: distract the readers(often in the introduction) increase the cost of publications
Writing points
Writing points
• 如果有多篇文献作者的姓氏相同，则需加列名的首字母以 区别，如The most recent work( Dawson G L 2003, Dawson W M2003) has shown that ….. • 如果文献的作者有两位，则两位作者的姓氏都应列出：如 Matthews and Jones（1998） have proposed that….. • 如果文献作者有3位，正文中首次出现时列出所有3位作者 的姓氏，此后再提及，只列第一作者并加et al.（但文献书 目中列3位） • 如果作者数超过3位，则在正文或文献书目中只列出第一 作者加et al
How to state the Acknowledgments and References
小组成员： 郭慧慧 刘莉莎 张梦媛 邹青
Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments
Contents of acknowledgments
Main points of acknowledgments
参考文献： – 完整的科技论文不可或缺的一部分； – 论文内容的缘起和延伸； – 为有兴趣的读者提供进一步查询的资料或信息线索
Function
• help the reader locate and consult a particular book or article.
• 参考文献的作用： 注明前人的相关工作，说明研究背景和依据； 避免作者不必要地重复论述已有的方法、结果和结论； 论证作者的观点
Avoid quoting the author’s literatures
Styles
• 有250种以上的参考文献著录格式，差别大多体现在各著录项的取舍 、不同著录项的编排顺序、字体变化、标点符号等； • 各类参考文献编辑软件：Endnote，Procite，Reference Manager，可提 供300种以上的参考文献格式；
Contents
Acknowledge any outside financial assistance, such as grants, contacts, or fellowships.
For example:
1. This work was supported in part by NIH grants GM61390 and
Examples
Citation-order system
• Advantages : quickly refer to the references avoid the substantial printing expense of the name and year system • Shortcomings: To authors, the substantial renumbering chore To readers, separation of various articles of the same author
作者感谢了中国教育部的支持，也特别感谢了王先生和郭先生 在技术上的帮助，和感谢朱女士在写作上的协助。
Examples
• This work was supported by Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC), Singapore and National University of Singapore under the grant number R279-00-208-305. The authors are grateful to Professor Kenneth A. Smith (Department of Chemical Engineering, MIT) for helpful discussion on this project. We would also thank J. Xie and L.K. Limfor their technical support in the course of this study.
Functions
By acknowledgements, the writer thanks supporters and colleagues
通过致谢，作者要感谢支持者和同事
List the individuals or institutions that supported the research
致谢的形式要参阅期刊的投稿指南的作者需知，尤其是对 于感谢有关基金资助的信息，有些期刊要求将其放到“致 谢”中，有些则要求将其放到论文首页的脚注部分。
Examples
• This work was supported by the key project of Chinese ministry of education (No. 104093). Special thanks are given to Mr. Jinchao Wang and Mr Huizhong Guo for their technical help and Ms. Suyan Zhu for her writing assistance.
Biblioteka Baidu
Main points
投稿前应请所有被感谢的对象阅读论文的定稿（尤其是致 谢部分），已获得允许或默认。 用词要恰当(避免使用wish) 致谢的开始应该用“We thank”,而不是“We wish to thank” “We would like to thank”或“The authors thank”等，尤其是 “wish”一词尽量避免使用。
Examples
Alphabet-number system
• 正文中文献标注采用“顺序编码体系”，文献书目的著录 则采用“著者-出版年体系”。
• Advantages : modification of name and year system
GM75900, as well as by an unrestricted grant from Amgen, Inc.
2. This work is supported by the Kansas Technology nterprise Corporation through the Centers of Exellence Program and by Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan.
Main points
致谢的内容应尽量具体
致谢的对象应是对论文工作有直接和实质性帮助、贡献的 人或者机构，因此，致谢中应尽量指出相应对象的具体帮 助与贡献。 例如：“Thanks are due to J. Jones for assistance with the experiments and to R. Smith for valuable discussion.”的表达， 避免如“To acknowledge all of the people who have contributed to this paper in some manner……” 如果是感谢一个思想、建议或者解释，就要尽量指明这 些内容，以免将被感谢的对象敏感而尴尬地置于为整篇论 文承担文责的境地。
For example:
1. We greatly appreciate and thank our former group members Drs. Carolyn L.Cummins, Linda E. Gustavson, Philip C.Smith, Vincent Wacher, Laurene Wang Smith, Alan Wolfe,and Yuanchao Derek Zhang for their careful review and helpful editing of this manuscript. 2. Special thanks are given to Mr. Jinchao Wang and Mr Huizhong Guo for their technical help and Ms. Suyan Zhu for her writing assistance.
Writing points
• 正文引用的文献按其出现的先后顺序连续编码，并将序号 置于方括号“[]”或圆括号“（）” • 引用多篇文献时，只需将各篇文献的序号在括号内全部列 出，各序号间用逗号。 • 文献书目中的各篇文献按其在正文中出现的标注序号依次 列出； • 正文中文献序号多用上角标形式标注。参照拟投稿刊物的 作者须知。