中考复习知识点.doc

中考复习知识点

The important concepts, rules and theories of the midterm

Remember the name and heat of the six changes in the state of the state.

Remember the six laws of physics: (1) Newton，s first law (the law of inertia) (2) the reflection law of light (3) light

(4) the law of transformation and conservation of energy (5) ohm，s law (6) joule，s law. Remember the two principles: (1) the Archimedes principle (2) the principle of leverage

Quality is the property of an object: changes in shape, geography, state, and temperature. And gravity varies with position.

Density is the property of matter, independent of m, v, but it changes with state and temperature. Inertia is the property of the object, it only has to do with the mass of the object,

It has nothing to do with the force of the object, motion or movement. Specific heat capacity is the property of matter: it is only related to matter, state, quality and temperature.

Resistance is the property of a conductor: it has to do with the type, length, thickness, and temperature of the material, regardless of current or voltage.

4, scientific inquiry has seven elements: ask questions, conjecture and hypothesis, planning and design experiment, experiment evidence collection, analysis, evaluation, exchanges and cooperation.

The physical method is reflected in the process of studying the

laws of physics, which is mainly analogous, equivalent substitution, false contrivation, controlling variable law,

The ideal model method, transformation method and so on.

Control variables: when researching a problem, only one factor

(that is, a variable) is changed, while other factors are not

Change, such as exploring the relationship between I and U, R, and exploring the factors associated with evaporation.

Equivalent substitution (for example, the net force, the total resistance), the model method (for example, the atomic nucleus

Structural models, magnetic lines, light), analogies (such as current and water, voltage and water pressure). Conversion method (the principle of an ammeter, using a thermometer to measure temperature, a small field to test the magnetic field)

6, electricity experiment points should be paid attention to: (1) in the process of connecting circuit, switch in the off state. (2) before the closing switch, slide rheostat in the maximum resistance state, a connection to a.

Measured resistance should be parallel in both ends (3) voltmeter, ammeter in series in the circuit. (4) ammeter and voltmeter must

take the current in the circuit from terminal to enter, the outflow from the negative terminal.

7, is the basic instrument and tool use: scale, watches and clocks, liquid thermometer, balance (level adjustment, cross rail balance adjustment, swim yards), measuring cylinder, measuring cup, spring