160617MTI翻译基础样卷

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2016年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc

2016年国际关系学院英语翻译基础真题试卷(总分：64.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.demographics（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.play the field（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.endowment insurance（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.Good Samaritan Law（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.probity and self-discipline（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.tenacious determination（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.nepotism（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.low profile（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.marathon-viewing（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.co-starring（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.OECD（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.CATTI（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.TPP（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.IAAF（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.AIIB（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.全面二孩政策（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.大病医疗（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.四个全面战略布局（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.万众一心（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.一带一路倡议（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________23.门当户对（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 24.量体裁衣（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 拼爹__________________________________________________________________________________________ 26.空巢老人（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 任性__________________________________________________________________________________________ 28.徇私舞弊（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 至亲__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.自主知识产权（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 噱头__________________________________________________________________________________________ 32.山体滑坡（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)33.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 34.Beijing is taking aim at the "sharing economy" in China, publishing draft regulations that would impose taxi-like restrictions on private cart-hailing services and could raise costs for internet booking leaders Uber and Didi Kuaidi. The regulations, open for public comment for a month, would require internet-based car-booking operators to obtain licenses, set up local offices and maintain China-based servers, China's Ministry of Transportation said in a draft posed on its Website late on Friday. The release comes two days after Shanghai awarded the first municipal internet car-hailing license in China to Didi, an important step towards regulating an industry that has been controversial in cities around the world. Municipalities from Amsterdam to New Delhi have struggled to control the proliferation of car-hailing apps, ensure passenger safety and deal with the impact of such services on the traditional taxi industry. Uber and Didi, the mainland market leader, have long operated in a grey area of Chinese law, with most municipalities ruling private taxis technically illegal. That ban has not been rigorously or consistently enforced, however. Beijing plans by the end of the year to announce national rules that could either formally legalise the growing car-hailing industry or strangle it. People in the industry point out that even if the draft regulations are adopted, there still would be ample room for municipal regulators to issue detailed local policies that could affect their implementation. Some of the rules are as strict as those on the heavily regulated traditional taxi industry, and thus could prove costly if rigorously enforced nationwide, they said.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 36.中国经济发展长期向好的基本面没有变，经济韧性好、潜力足、回旋余地大的基本特征没有变，经济持续增长的良好支撑基础和条件没有变，经济结构调整优化的前进态势没有变。

2016年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc

2016年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(总分：70.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.international reserve currencies（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.contaminate（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.orphanage（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.multilateral cooperation（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.external-affairs commissioner（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.terrorist attack（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.open ports to foreign trade（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.vehicle exhaust（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.live TV broadcast（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.insurance policy（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.put oneself in someone's shoes（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.jeopardize（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.intercultural communication（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.foreign exchange dealing（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 16.APEC（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 17.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 18.友好合作的伙伴关系（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 19.和平共处（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 20.全民奥运（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 21.不平等条约（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 22.小康社会（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________23.全球化（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 24.感恩节（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________农历__________________________________________________________________________________________ 26.紧急出口（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________关税__________________________________________________________________________________________ 28.财政部（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 29.通货膨胀（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 30.防御性策略（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________国债__________________________________________________________________________________________ 32.欧洲联盟（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________二、英汉互译(总题数：7，分数：10.00)33.英译汉__________________________________________________________________________________________ 34.The manufacture of plastics requires a large quantity of heavy machines as well as knowledge of science. Today the greater part of plastics is manufactured by the world's great oil refineries and chemical works. Chemical works are factories which produce chemicals—a manmade liquids, gases and solid materials. The refineries and chemical works produce many different kinds of raw plastics, which are then taken to the tens of thousands of factories which made plastic products. Machines for making plastic objects are very different from those used for manufacturing articles of wood or metal or other natural materials. For raw plastics must first be softened by heat and then pressed into moulds. It is the moulds which give plastic objects their shapes. These moulds can be of any shape or size. And the same mould can be used over and over again. In fact one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out. This is one of the reasons why plastic things are so cheap.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 35.There is a difference between knowledge and wisdom, but without the one the other cannot be gained. We cannot have a harvest of wheat without seed and skill of cultivation. Knowledge is the root of wisdom; wisdom is the ripe fruit of knowledge. The love of knowledge has been characteristic of most great men. They not only loved knowledge but they were willing to work hard to attain it. When a man wins success, people say, "He is a genius." But the real cause for his success was that the love of knowledge led to the effort to obtain it. Useful knowledge is the knowledge which is of benefit to ourselves and to others, and that is the most important which is the most useful. It is the belief of many people that knowledge is better than riches, and that its possession brings more comfort to the owner than anything else. The power of intellectual knowledge, without the owner of moral principle, often tends to evil. Character is the criterion of knowledge. Not what a man has, but what he is, is the question. The quality of soul is more than the quantity of information. If we have noble purpose, our intellectual attainments will naturally turn to the loftiest uses. (From On Knowledge by W. F. Mark-wick and W. A. Smith)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 36.The mighty Pacific washes the shores of the continents—North America, South America, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica. Its waters mingle in the southeast with the Atlantic Ocean and in the southwest with the Indian Ocean. It is not on the shores of continents or in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky. When white men first came to the Pacific islands, they found that the people living there were like happy children. They were tall men and beautiful women who seemed not to have a care in the world. Coconut palms and breadfruit trees grew at the doors of their huts. The ocean was filled with turtles and fish, ready for the net. (From Pacific Ocean)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 37.汉译英__________________________________________________________________________________________ 38.国与国之间的交往，特别是经贸互动，既存在着合作，又存在着竞争。

2017考研英语一翻译真题解析.doc

2017考研英语一翻译真题解析.doc Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The growth of the use of English as the world`s primary language for international communication has obviously been continuing for several decades.(46)But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future.Complex international, economic, technological and culture change could start to diminish the leading position of English as the language of the world market, and UK interests which enjoy advantage from the breath of English usage would consequently face new pressures. Those realistic possibilities are highlighted in the study presented by David Graddol(47)His analysis should therefore end any self-contentedness among those who may believe that the global position of English is so stable that the young generation of the United Kingdom do not need additional languagecapabilities.David Graddol concludes that moonlit English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations. Alongside that, (48)many countries are introducing English into the primary-school curriculum but British schoolchildren and students do not appear to be gaining greater encouragement to achieve fluency in other languages.If left to themselves, such trends will diminish the relative strength of the English language in international education markets as the demand for educational resources in languages, such as Spanish , Arabic or Mandarin grows and international business process outsourcing in other language such as Japanese, French and German, spreads.(49)The changes identified by David Graddol all present clear and major challenges to UK`s providers of English language teaching to people of other countries and to broader education business sectors. The English language teaching sector directly earns nearly &1.3 billion for the UK in invisible exports and our other education related exploresearn up to &10 billion a year more. As the international education market expands, the recent slowdown in the number of international students studying in the main English-speaking countries is likely to continue, especially if there are no effective strategic policies to prevent such slippage. The anticipation of possible shifts in demand provided by this study is significant:(50) It gives a basis to all organization which seek to promote the learning and very different operating environment. That is a necessary and practical approach. In this as in much else, those who wish to influence the future must prepare for it.【答案】(46)翻译：但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象表明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。

[考研类试卷]2016年北京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2016年北京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷英译汉1 abusive translation2 domesticating translation3 expressive text4 exegetic translation5 interlingual translation6 instrumental translation7 MAT8 metatext9 parallel corpora10 prospective translation11 prototext12 pseudotranslation13 third code14 universals of translation15 untranslability汉译英16 后瞻式翻译17 接受语18 可比语料库19 回译20 描写翻译研究21 冗余22 术语库23 同声传译24 文化移植25 信息型文本26 异化翻译27 要旨翻译28 译后编译29 语义消歧30 语用翻译英译汉31 Just as the top EU official for migration was urging the White House to be "more generous" in accepting Syrian refugees, Paris was struck by a series of attacks that immediately boosted political opposition to his pitch. As in some other countries, the massacres have been co-opted by critics of refugee policy. The US in September agreed to accept 10,000 Syrian refugees over the next year, up from 1,500, under pressure from Europe. The fear that terrorists could enter the US masked as refugees was exacerbated after a Syrian passport was found near the body of one of the attackers. Many of theRepublican presidential contenders and other party members now want the White House to scrap or defer the Syrian refugee programme.32 Sigmund Freud has been out of the scientific mainstream for so long, it's easy to forget that in the early 20th century he was regarded as a towering man of science—not, as he is remembered today, as the founder of the marginalized form of therapy known as psychoanalysis. At the start of his career, he wanted to invent a "science of the mind" , but the Victorian tools he had were too blunt for the task. So he dropped the "science" part and had his patients lie on a couch, free-associating about childhood, dreams and fantasies. This technique yielded the revolutionary notion that the human mind was a soap opera of concealed lust and aggression, of dark motives, self-deception and dreams rife with hidden meaning.33 The new planet's size put it right on the edge between being rocky like Earth and being a fluffy gas ball like Neptune, according to according to studies of other such exoplanets. In an email, Jon Jenkins of NASA's Ames Research Center, home of the Kepler project, and lead author of a paper being published in The Astronomical Journal, said the likelihood of the planet's being rocky was 50 percent to 62 percent, depending on uncertainties in the size of its home star. Describing the planet during a news conference, Dr. Jenkins lapsed into lines from John Keats's poem On First Looking Into Chapman's Homer; " Then felt I like some watcher of the skies/ When a new planet swims into his ken.''汉译英34 据一份新调查显示，阿里巴巴、中国银行和华为，是中国学生梦寐以求的公司。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(英译汉)模拟试卷一

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷一1.In these times when market forces appear increasingly complicated and more volatile, it is all the more important to understand the professional jargon and terminology in the market place in order to be able to better make our investment and business decisions. Understanding key-economic indicators will assist in the decision making process, providing a snapshot of the current situation and an insight into the future.Each economic indicator tells us something about the economy or inflation. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is probably the most important report as it is the whole framework where other economic indicators fall under. Using the textbook formula where Gross National Product = Consumption + Investment + Government Spending + Exports - Imports, some of the indicators will fall into the above-mentioned category e. g. retail sales figures will fall under consumption, construction spending under investment, to name a few.There are also indicators that are broader that tell us about the economy itself rather than the component, e. g. employment figures, leading indicators, money supply figures ( M3 ). Inflation figures, Produce Price Index ( PPI) and the Consumer Price Index ( CPI) will, in short, inform us of the changes in wholesale prices, cost of consumer ( retail) goods and services respectively.An indicator that is useful must be accurate, timely and reliable. It depends entirely on the integrity of the national statistical system responsible. It is vital to know the accurate components of an indicator. We have to be mindful of the limitation of these statistical figures too.Some indicators can be historic or extremely volatile, and therefore their value are reduced. It is better to compare the most recent data with earlier months, or take a moving average for the past 3, 6 or 12 months to smooth the data. It will tell us if there has been a significant change in trend and whether a new direction is under way.标准答案在目前这种时期，市场越来越变幻莫测、动荡不定，要做出明智的商业投资决策，理解市场相关的专业术语变得尤为重要。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(英译汉)模拟试卷四

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷四1.Unemployment in America is high, and elections are on the horizon. It must be time to look east again for scapegoats. Japan is only starting to recover from its protracted recession, so China will be handed the role of economic villain in the coming U. S. election cycle. Expect to hear a chorus of presidential candidates blame unfair Chinese competition for America' s manufacturing woes.China' s trading partners do have legitimate grievances, but it would be irresponsible and inaccurate for American politicians to pin the United States' economic sluggishness on scheming culprits in Beijing. Traveling in Asia in October, Treasury Secretary John Snow heeded political pressures back home in exhorting Chinese leaders to let the market price their currency. This is a desirable outcome in the long run, but a raft of immediate caveats come to mind.China' s financial system remains fragile, and sudden currency volatility could lead to a banking crisis that could sell disaster for the world economy. Washington would do better to urge China' s leaders to focus on their lack of preparation to assume their proper role in the world' s financial order, rather than to demand any supposedly quick fix. Moreover, China' s refusal to devalue its currency in the aftermath of the late 1990' s crises in East Asia—much appreciated by its neighbors and Washington at a time when the yuan seemed overvalued—adds credence to Beijing' s insistence that it prizes stability when it comes to exchange rates, not short-term advantage. With most economists concerned that China' s robust growth could fuel inflation and a speculative bubble, there are valid reasons for Beijing to fear a surging currency.标准答案目前美国的失业率居高不下，而总统选举即将到来。

2017年山东大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含

2017年山东大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 名词解释5. 应用文写作名词解释1．面对经济下行压力加大态势，我们保持战略定力，稳定宏观经济政策，没有采取短期强刺激措施，而是继续创新宏观调控思路和方式，实行定向调控，激活力、补短板、强实体。

把握经济运行合理区间的上下限，抓住发展中的突出矛盾和结构性问题，定向施策，聚焦靶心，精准发力。

向促改革要动力，向调结构要助力，向惠民生要潜力，既扩大市场需求，又增加有效供给，努力做到结构调优而不失速。

正确答案：(1)经济政策：是国家和政府根据一定时期政治、经济形势制定的反映客观经济规律要求并用以指导、影响或干预经济活动的准则，包括宏观经济政策和微观经济政策两个方面。

其中，宏观经济政策是国家在一定时期内，按照宏观调控目标的要求而制定的组织、调节、控制经济活动的行为规范和准则。

宏观经济政策包括财政政策、货币政策、产业政策、价格政策、收人分配政策等等。

(2)宏观调控：亦称国家干预，是政府对国民经济的总体管理，是一个国家政府特别是中央政府的经济职能。

它是指国家运用经济政策和杠杆对这些总量进行调节，促进总需求和总供给的基本平衡，以实现经济的平稳增长。

(3)实体：原为马克思主义以前的旧哲学常用的术语，此处指实体经济。

实体经济是指物质资料生产、销售以及直接为此提供服务所形成的经济活动，主要包括农业、工业、交通运输业、商业、建筑业等产业部门。

制造业属于实体经济的范畴。

(4)市场需求：是个别需求的加总，即所有消费者在一定时期内，对某一消费品在特定价格水平上的需求。

一般来讲，影响个别需求的因素也会影响市场需求。

从根本上讲，市场需求决定整个社会的需求状况，个别需求的产生和实现都是通过市场需求和供给的调节来完成的。

(5)有效供给：是指与消费需求和消费能力相适应的供给，即产品的供需平衡。

有效供给的内容有两方面，即产品的品质与产品的价格。

外交学院翻硕真题(2017)

外交学院翻硕真题（2017）外交学院翻硕真题（2017英语翻译基础）词条翻译一、短语互译（30个，每个1分）UNDOCGNPIMFMOUPMIFIFACECCEBRDASEANBRICStax certaintyFinancial Stability Boardcross-border resolution regimesexclusive economic zone边缘群体人文交流网络诈骗可持续发展20国集团峰会一带一路倡议全面战略伙伴关系市场化融资段落翻译二、翻译（120分）英译汉和汉译英都是6小段，共12段。

每段都是不同话题，来自不同的文章。

英译汉只能回忆起来五段，按关键词找到了原文。

1. Margaret Thatcher saw herself, and was seen, as an essential partner of two American presidents. She stoutly defended nuclear deterrence when she thought her friend and ideological soulmate, Ronald Reagan, was getting carried away in talks with the Russians.Tony Blair pushed NATO and Bill Clinton into military action in Kosovo. Ill-fated though the later invasion of Iraq proved, Mr. Blair was never an American poodle. He believed that Britainshould be in the first rank of countries prepared to counter the threat of Saddam Hussein’s supposed weapons of mass destruction. Even the maligned Gordon Brown co-ordinated theinter national response to the financial crash of 2008.2. The history of economics has been, among other things,a story of learning to care less about land. The physiocrats of 18th-century France saw it as the primary guarantor of wealth. Adam Smith included it alongside labour and capital as one of the three factors of production that combined to generate output. A little later Thomas Malthus saw its innate scarcity as ensuring eventual catastrophe in the face of exponential population growth. Instead of succumbing to catastrophe Western countries found ways to work around land’s scarcity, some of them ingenious —skyscrapers, artificial fertiliser, railways, suburbs —and some nefarious —dispossessing the oppressed and colonised. Improved transport allowed land farther off to do the work that land close at hand had done before, whether by producing crops half way round the world or housing workers out in the suburbs.3. In a surprise televised address on Tuesday night, Modi said the demonetisation of India’s highest-value banknotes, worth about £6 and £12,would start from midnight. The move is an effort to close down the booming economy of untaxed cashtransactions, which allows corruption, the funding of terrorist groups, and keeps counterfeit notes in circulation. Addressing the nation, Modi said: “The exchange of 500 and 1,000 rupee notes being tendered as currency will bestopped from today. Black marketeers and traitors who use black money will notbe able to move large amounts of money and 500 and 1,000 rupee notes will become worthless pieces of paper. Those citizens earning honestly and with hardwork, their interests will be protected.”4.The decision to delay the leadership election nearly two weeks and possibly put up a challenger to Pelosi is a sign of how deeply Democrats are soul-searching after last week’s election that saw Republicans win control of the White House and retain its majority in the Senate and House. While Pelosi became the first female speaker of the House in 2006 and had a huge hand in winning passage of the Affordable Care Act, Democrats havenever fully recovered under her leadership from losing 63 seats in the 2010 midterm election. They have remained in the minority ever since.5. Trump galvanized white voters without college degrees, particularly in the Rust Belt; Clinton’s team calculated that this bloc was a lost cause and could be ignored in favor of focusing on her base and trying topersuade white-collar voters she was the less risky choice. Bill Clinton reportedly agitated for the campaign to pay more attention to the “bubbas”that had oncebeen his base, only to be rebuffed by a campaign staff that believed his worldview was out of date.汉译英主要是政治类题材，领导人讲话之类的（主题有官德、安全、对当前局势的表述、一带一路，还有另外一个啥）。

2017年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2017年中山大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．FOB正确答案：船上交货价格，离岸价格(Free on Board)2．Futures business正确答案：期货交易3．Silicon Valley正确答案：硅谷4．Multipolarity正确答案：多极性5．Ramadan正确答案：斋月6．genetic mutation正确答案：基因突变7．diplomatic asylum正确答案：外交庇护8．International Herald Tribune正确答案：《国际先驱论坛报》9．bubble economy正确答案：泡沫经济10．NAFTA正确答案：北美自由贸易协定(North American Free Trade Agreement) 11．South-South Cooperation正确答案：南南合作12．e-government正确答案：电子政务13．Hegemonism正确答案：霸权主义14．Brexit正确答案：英国脱欧15．presidential debate正确答案：总统竞选辩论汉译英16．常务委员正确答案：member of the standing committee17．传统产业正确答案：traditional industry18．不良贷款正确答案：non-performing loan19．优惠关税正确答案：preferencial tariff20．《论语》正确答案：The Analects of Confucius21．欲速则不达正确答案：Fool’s haste is no speed. /More haste, less speed.22．整顿煤矿正确答案：crack down on illegal coal mining23．总供给正确答案：aggregate supply24．长治久安正确答案：long-term stability25．保险索赔正确答案：insurance claims26．出口配额正确答案：export quotas27．综合国力正确答案：comprehensive national strength28．法制观念正确答案：legal consciousness29．国家质量监督检验检疫总局正确答案：General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China30．安居工程正确答案：Comfortable Housing Project英译汉31．The idea that American bosses are obscenely overpaid is conventional wisdom, and not just among the true believers at the Democratic convention. The New York Times complains of “fat paychecks to chief executives who, by many measures, don’t deserve them. “ Forbes, hardly the in-house journal of Occupy Wall Street, frets that CEO pay is “gravity-defying”. An issue in April gave warning that “our report on executive compensation will only fuel the outrage over corporate greed. This orthodoxy rests on three propositions: that CEO pay just keeps on going up; that it is not tied to performance; and that boards are not doing their job of holding fat cats’ paws to the fire. These propositions in turn rest on a bigger argument: that CEOs are using their political power to rig the system, and that an efficient market for talent would produce very different results. The Dodd-Frank law of 2010 required all public firms to hold an annual “say on pay” vote for top executives. But turnover rates suggest that boards have been getting tougher on CEOs for years. And last year, despite a lot of noise by activists, shareholders voted to uphold 98% of pay proposals. The evidence suggests that CEO pay is determined mostly by supply and demand, not bad corporate governance or skewed incentives. Companies compete for scarce talent. They reap big rewards for a smart hire because they are growing larger and more global. They suffer big losses from a bad hire for much the same reason. They pay what it takes to woo the best bosses, and sack them if they stumble. That is how it should work. -------Selected from “Bargain Bosses” , the Economics 正确答案：民主党大会上一些人坚定地认为美国高管的薪资过高，而且持这种观点的人并非少数。

2017年北京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2017年北京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．functional equivalence正确答案：功能对等2．semantic void正确答案：语义空缺3．Skopos theory正确答案：翻译目的论4．source language正确答案：源语言5．lexical translation正确答案：词法翻译6．interlingual translation正确答案：语际翻译7．idiomatic translation正确答案：地道翻译8．paraphrase正确答案：释译9．explicitation正确答案：显化10．court interpreting正确答案：法庭口译11．loan translation正确答案：借译；仿译12．information load正确答案：信息负荷13．target-text oriented translation studies正确答案：目标文本取向翻译研究14．mediating language正确答案：中介语15．subtitling正确答案：配字幕汉译英16．语内翻译正确答案：intralingual translation17．形式对等正确答案：formal equivalence18．国际译联正确答案：International Federation of Translators 19．翻译普遍特征正确答案：universals of translation20．同声传译正确答案：simultaneous interpretation 21．机助翻译正确答案：machine-aided translation 22．双语语料库正确答案：bilingual corpus23．文本类型学正确答案：text typology24．规定翻译研究正确答案：prescriptive translation studies 25．语用翻译正确答案：pragmatic translation26．文本规范正确答案：textual norms27．语境一致正确答案：contextual consistency 28．耳语传译正确答案：whispering interpretation 29．成分分析正确答案：componential analysis 30．交际翻译正确答案：communicative translation英汉互译英译汉31．New research shows that text-based communications may make individuals sound less intelligent and employable than when the same information is communicated orally. The findings imply that old-fashioned phone conversations or in-person visits may be more effective when trying to impress a prospective employer or, perhaps, close a deal. V ocal cues “show that we are alive inside—thoughtful, active,”said Nicholas Epley, a professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and one of two co-authors of the paper, The Sound of Intellect published in Psychological Science this month. “ Text strips that out, “ he added.正确答案：新研究发现，同样的信息，与通过口头交流相比，文字交流可能会给人留下不太聪明以及不够称职的印象。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(英译汉)模拟试卷二

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷二
1.It has now been five years since Margaret Thatcher resigned as Britain' s Prime Minister. In her heyday she strode the international headlines with such bravura that she seemed inevitable, a natural force. The world stage seemed just the right size for her, as she chaffed her conservative soul mate Ronald Reagan or flattered the " new man," Mikhail Gorbachev.
2.Unemployment in America is high, and elections are on the horizon. It must be time to look east again for scapegoats. Japan is only starting to recover from its protracted recession, so China will be handed the role of economic villain in the coming U. S. election cycle. Expect to hear a chorus of presidential candidates blame unfair Chinese competition for America' s manufacturing woes.

大学英语专业《翻译基础》试卷

III. Improve the following translations. (10%, 1 points for each correct answer) 1. What is identifiably unique about the human species is its achievement, or history, in fact. （整与零）译文一：人类可以确认的独特之处在于它的成就，实际上也就是它的历史。

译文二: 可以确认的是，人类的独特之处在于它的成就，实际上也就是它的历史。

2. Electricity can pass through the carbon grains more easily when they are pressed together than when they are spread apart.译文一：当电流在碳粒聚集时比碳粒分开时更容易通过。

译文二: 碳粒聚集时，电流在碳粒中的传导比碳粒分开始更容易。

3. The rocketing price of housing has tremendously dampened the enthusiasm of potential house buyer.译文一：住房猛涨的价格大大挫伤了潜在购房者的积极性。

（整与零）译文二: 住房价格猛涨，大大挫伤了潜在购房者的积极性。

4. It is important that everyone does his duty.译文一：每个人尽自己的责任是很重要的。

（整与零）译文二: 每个人各司其职，这一点很重要。

5. His pursuit of science withdraws interest from external things.译文一：他对科学的追求使他对外界事物不感兴趣。

（整与零）译文二: 他一心追求科学，对外界事物根本不感兴趣。

6. 我一看到他就生气。

2017年扬州大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2017年扬州大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．opinion poll正确答案：民意调查，民意测验2．nationally televised debate正确答案：全国电视辩论3．Single’s Day正确答案：光棍节4．press conference正确答案：记者招待会，新闻发布会5．cross-border e-commerce正确答案：跨境电子商务6．infant formula milk正确答案：婴儿配方奶粉7．surrogate exam-taker正确答案：替考者8．innovative strategic partnership正确答案：创新战略伙伴关系9．telemarketing fraud正确答案：电信诈骗，电话营销诈骗10．the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine正确答案：诺贝尔生理学或医学奖11．“Internet Plus” action plan正确答案：“互联网+”行动计划12．The Belt and Road Initiative正确答案：“一带一路”倡议13．middle-income trap正确答案：中等收入陷阱14．supply-side structural reform正确答案：供给侧结构性改革15．sharing economy正确答案：共享经济汉译英16．工薪阶层正确答案：salariat/working class17．春节联欢晚会正确答案：Spring Festival gala18．廉政公署(香港)正确答案：Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong) 19．(电视)机顶盒正确答案：set-top box20．连体婴儿正确答案：conjoined twins21．大学城正确答案：University Town22．摇钱树正确答案：cash cow23．教书育人正确答案：impart knowledge and educate people 24．龙头产品正确答案：flagship products25．陶冶情操正确答案：cultivate the mind26．有识之士正确答案：people of vision27．复合型人才正确答案：interdisciplinary talent28．天时，地利，人和正确答案：right time, right place, right people 29．拆东墙补西墙正确答案：rob Peter to pay Paul30．房屋贷款正确答案：mortgage loan英汉互译英译汉31．Social networking services make prompt communication possible for people in separated regions nowadays. Tencent Messenger, Weibo, and Weixin are typical of those social networking services. “Weibo is a totally open ‘we media. ‘People can follow up and spread news of an event that aroused their concern. A group of people with the same good intention may gather together and think of a way to help,”said Zhang Ruwei, an operation specialist for public interests at the Sina Weibo. Weibo unites strangers whereas Weixin betters communication among acquaintances. With functions supporting text, voice, and image transmission, Weixin has 200 million registered users in just two years. In the past decade, social networking services have flourished from scratch in China. It has become a major channel through which people can acquire information, express themselves, and market products.正确答案：如今，社交网络服务使身处异地的人得以实现及时沟通。

2017年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2017年四川大学英语翻译基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译 2. 英汉互译词语翻译英译汉1．Electoral College正确答案：总统选举团2．gene silencing正确答案：基因沉寂；基因沉默3．Pacific Alliance正确答案：拉美太平洋联盟4．Paraplymic Games正确答案：残疾人奥林匹克运动会5．tight gas正确答案：致密地层天然气6．South Asia Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)正确答案：南亚区域合作联盟(南盟)7．holographic imaging正确答案：全息成像8．Intercontinental Exchange正确答案：美国洲际交易所集团9．iambic pentameter正确答案：五步抑扬格10．20正确答案：线上到线下(Online to Offline)11．B2C正确答案：企业对消费者的电子商务模式(Business to Customer)12．B20 Summit正确答案：二十国集团工商峰会(Business 20 Summit，summit of business leaders from the G20 countries)13．KPMG正确答案：毕马威会计师事务所14．The Three-Body Problem正确答案：《三体》15．International Court of Justice正确答案：(联合国)国际法院(ICJ)汉译英16．英国脱欧正确答案：Brexit17．车联网正确答案：Internet of Vehicles18．城市内涝正确答案：urban waterlogging19．“一带一路”倡议正确答案：the Belt and Road Initiative20．“众创、众包、众扶、众筹”正确答案：crowd innovation, crowdsourcing, crowd support, and crowdfunding 21．南海仲裁案正确答案：South China Sea Arbitration22．分子生物学正确答案：molecular biology23．采购经理人指数正确答案：Purchase Managers’ Index (PMI)24．光合作用正确答案：photosynthesis25．“双11”正确答案：Double 11 (Singles Day)26．乳酸菌正确答案：lactic acid bacteria27．消费者信心指数正确答案：Consumer Confidence Index (CO)28．跨境电商正确答案：cross-border electronic commerce29．《本草纲目》正确答案：Compendium of Materia Medica30．《尚书》正确答案：Book of Documents英汉互译英译汉31．In other words, the Windows-enabled PC gave everyone in the office the ability to create and manipulate digital content—words, data, pictures—at their fingertips on their desktops, which was a great leap forward from paper and typewriters. And, if your whole office was using the same hardware, software, and e-mail system, you could be even more productive, by seamlessly shooting your digitized content around your company, from department to department. But more often than not, back in the 1980s and early 1990s, companies did not run all the same software and hardware. Companies installed systems piecemeal or found that one computer-software system was good for the accounting department and another system was best for inventory management and a third was best for e-mail. Therefore, a company’s sales department might be running Microsoft, while the inventory department was running Novell or IBM. As a result, they could not communicate or collaborate digitally with each other—couldn’t work together on each other’s digital content, or certainly not without difficulty. So while each individual department was more productive inside its own walls, because it had computers, software, and e-mail, when there was an issue between departments that needed to be resolved, someone from sales still had to walk around the wall, over to inventory, and speak to someone there. Work still did not flow digitally, and collaboration did not happen digitally, as easily as it might have. We often forget that the software industry started out like a bad fire department. Imagine a city where every neighborhood had a different interface for connecting the fire hose to the hydrant. Everything was fine as long as your neighborhood’s fire department could handle your fire. But when a fire became too big, and the fire engines from the next neighborhood had to be called in, they were useless because they could not connect their hoses to your hydrants.正确答案：换句话说，依靠Windows操作系统启动运行的个人电脑的出现令公室里的每个人都拥有了创造并处理文字、数据、图像等数字化内容的能力，而他们需要做的不过是在办公电脑上动一动手指。

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北京外国语大学硕士研究生入学考试试题（样卷）
招生专业：英语笔译、英语口译科目名称：英语翻译基础（考试时间3小时，满分150分，全部写在答题纸上，答在试题页上无效）
I. Translate the following terms into Chinese. (15 points, 1 point each)
1.TPP
2.AKA
3.RSVP
4.GUI
5.CIF
6.Grand Prix
7.life expectancy
8.national treatment
9.cholesterol
10.displaced person
11.Interpol
12.insurance policy
13.Payable at sight
14.No Loitering
15.World Anti-Doping Agency
II. Translate the following terms into English. (15 points, 1 point each)
1.21世纪海上丝绸之路
2.阅兵
3.传销
4.抗日战争
5.华侨
6.和平共处五项原则
7.川菜
8.佣金
9.人民币离岸市场
10.转基因玉米
11.农药残留
12.不可抗力
13.电磁炉
14.消防通道
15.天下为公
III. Translate the following passage into Chinese. (60 points) Human history is the story of a species so skilled at exploiting and altering its environment that it now has the power to create new life forms genetically or destroy life on a vast scale and extinguish many species. As builders, colonists, and conquerors, humans have shown an astonishing capacity to invent, transform, and lay waste. "Wonders are many, but none is more wonderful than man," wrote the Greek playwright Sophocles. "Cunning beyond fancy's dream is the fertile skill which brings him, now to evil, now to good."
Humans owe their phenomenal ability to alter the world for good or ill to a process of evolution that began in Africa more than four million years ago with the emergence of the first hominids: primates with the ability to walk upright. Early hominids stood only three or four feet tall on average and had brains roughly one-third the size of the modern human brain, which limited their capacity to reason or speak. But their upright posture and opposable thumbs (used to grip objects between fingers and thumb) allowed them to gather and carry food and process it using simple tools.
IV. Translate the following passage into English. (60 points)
孔子是中国古代最著名的思想家、教育家、哲学家，儒家学派创始人。

对中国思想文化的发展有极其深远的影响。

孔子的祖先本是宋国的贵族，后因避宫廷祸乱而迁居鲁国。

孔子的父亲是一名武士，虽跻身于贵族之列，但地位很低。

孔子三岁时，父亲便去世了，他跟着母亲过着贫困的生活。

他年轻时做过管理仓库和掌管牛羊畜牧一类的小官，鲁定公时，孔子曾任主管司法，政治生涯到了顶峰。

孔子55岁退出政坛，离开鲁国去周游列国，宣扬自己的政治主张。

晚年回到鲁国一心一意讲学和整理古代文献资料，并根据鲁国史官所记修订了《春秋》。