雅思考试巩固预测试卷试题包括答案.doc
雅思考试模考巩固试题及答案
你若盛开，蝴蝶自来。
雅思考试模考巩固试题及答案雅思索试模考巩固试题及答案Birthdays often involve surprises. But this year’s surprise on the birthday of the great British playwright William Shakespeare is surely one of the most dramatic.On April 22, one day before his 441st birthday anniversary, experts discovered that one of the most recognizable portraits of William Shakespeare is a fake. This means that we no longer have a good idea of what Shakespeare looked like. It’s very possible that many pictures of Shakespeare might be unreliable because many of them are copies of this one, said an expert from Britain’s National Portrait Gallery.The discovery comes after four months of testing usingX-rays, ultraviolet light, microphotography and paint samples. The experts from the gallery say the image—commonly known as the “Flower portrait” —was actually painted in the 1800s, about two centuries after Shakespeare’s death. The art experts who work at the gallery say they also used modern chemistry technology to check the paint on the picture. These checks found traces of paint dating from about 1814. Shakespeare died in 1616, and the date that appears on the portrait is 1609.“We now think the portrait dates back to around 1818 to 1840. This was when there was a renewed interest in Shakespeare’s plays,” Tarnya Cooper, the gallery’scurator(馆长), told the Associated President.第1页/共3页千里之行，始于足下。
雅思模拟考试题及答案
雅思模拟考试题及答案听力部分：Section 1: 旅游信息1. 旅游地点的名称是？A. 蓝山B. 绿谷C. 红岩Answer: A. 蓝山2. 旅游团的出发时间是？A. 早上6点B. 早上7点C. 早上8点Answer: B. 早上7点3. 旅游团的费用包括以下哪项？A. 交通B. 住宿C. 餐饮Answer: A. 交通4. 旅游团不包括以下哪项？A. 导游服务B. 保险C. 个人消费Answer: C. 个人消费5. 旅游团的联系电话是多少？A. 0123456789B. 9876543210C. 1234567890Answer: C. 1234567890Section 2: 学术讲座6. 讲座的主题是？A. 气候变化B. 可持续发展C. 环境保护Answer: B. 可持续发展7. 讲座的地点是？A. 图书馆B. 讲堂C. 实验室Answer: A. 图书馆8. 讲座的主讲人是谁？A. 教授B. 学生C. 研究员Answer: A. 教授9. 讲座的时间是？A. 周三下午3点B. 周四下午3点C. 周五下午3点Answer: B. 周四下午3点10. 讲座的参与者需要提前准备什么？A. 笔记本B. 笔记本电脑C. 录音设备Answer: B. 笔记本电脑阅读部分：Passage 1: 城市化的影响11. 根据文章，城市化带来的主要问题是什么？Answer: 城市化导致了交通拥堵和环境污染。
12. 文章提到了哪些解决城市化问题的方法？Answer: 提倡公共交通使用和增加绿地面积。
Passage 2: 教育的重要性13. 文章认为教育对于个人发展的重要性体现在哪些方面？Answer: 教育可以提高个人技能，增强社会参与感，促进个人成长。
14. 文章提到了教育对社会的哪些积极影响？Answer: 教育可以减少犯罪率，提高社会整体的生产力。
写作部分：Task 1: 图表分析15. 描述以下图表，分析其反映的趋势和可能的原因。
雅思考试试题及答案
雅思考试试题及答案听力部分：Section 1: 旅游咨询1. 旅游目的地是_________。
A. 埃及B. 法国C. 澳大利亚2. 旅游的日期是_________。
A. 7月15日B. 8月1日C. 9月10日3. 旅游期间需要预订的酒店类型是_________。
A. 经济型酒店B. 豪华型酒店C. 家庭旅馆答案：1. B2. C3. ASection 2: 校园导览4. 图书馆的开放时间是_________。
A. 8:00 AM - 5:00 PMB. 9:00 AM - 6:00 PMC. 10:00 AM - 7:00 PM5. 学生中心提供哪些服务？A. 学术咨询B. 职业规划C. 法律援助6. 健身房的会员费是_________。
A. £20每月B. £30每月C. £40每月答案：4. B5. A, B6. CSection 3: 学术讲座7. 讲座的主题是关于_________。
A. 环境保护B. 人工智能C. 历史研究8. 讲座的主讲人是_________。
A. 教授B. 学生C. 行业专家9. 讲座结束后，参与者可以_________。
A. 提问B. 参加研讨会C. 获得证书答案：7. B8. A9. ASection 4: 环境问题讨论10. 讨论的主要环境问题是_________。
A. 空气污染B. 水污染C. 土壤退化11. 讨论中提到的解决方案包括_________。
A. 植树造林B. 减少工业排放C. 使用可再生能源12. 讨论的结论是_________。
A. 需要政府干预B. 需要公众参与C. 需要国际合作答案：10. C11. B, C12. C阅读部分：Passage 1: 健康饮食13. 根据文章，健康饮食的首要原则是_________。
A. 多样化B. 低脂肪C. 高蛋白质14. 文章提到，过量摄入哪种物质对健康有害？A. 糖B. 盐C. 脂肪15. 为了保持健康，文章建议_________。
雅思考试巩固模拟试题及答案1word版本
2019年雅思考试巩固模拟试题及答案12019年雅思考试巩固模拟试题及答案1 Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the TreatyA.After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover theirenthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in 2007. Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time beforeis another matter.B.There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in 2006 the large continental economies had one of their best yearsfor a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have its impactin 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then.C.The coming year also marks a particular point in apolitical cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount toa natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty： the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, the Treaty of Nice in 2001. And in 2005they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythmwas rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback.D.In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate itceremoniously, restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and th e basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances, the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expressionof European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfway towards committing themselves to a new treaty. All that will be necessary will be to incorporate the 50th-anniversary declaration into a new treaty containing a number of institutional and other reforms extracted from the failed attempt at constitution-building and—hey presto—a newquasi-constitution will be ready.E.According to the German government—which holds the EU’s agenda-setting presidency during the first half of 2007—there will be a new draft of a slimmed-down constitution ready by the middle of the year, perhaps to put to voters, perhaps not. There would then be a couple of years in whichit will be discussed, approved by parliaments and, perhaps, put to voters if that is deemed unavoidable. Then, according to bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin, blithely ignoring the possibility of public rejection, the whole thing will be signed, sealed and a new constitution delivered in 2009-10. Europe will be nicely back on schedule. Its four-to-five-year cycle of integration will have missed only one beat.F.The resurrection of the European constitution will be made more likely in 2007 because of what is happening in national capitals. The European Union is not really an autonomous organisation. If it functions, it is because the leaders of the big continental countries want it to, reckoning that an active European policy will help them get done what they want to do in their own countries.G.That did not happen in 2005-06. Defensive, cynical andself-destructive, the leaders of the three largest euro-zone countries—France, Italy and Germany—were stumbling towards their unlamented ends. They saw no reason to pursue any sortof European policy and the EU, as a result, barely functioned. But by the middle of 2007 all three will have gone, and this fact alone will transform the European political landscape.H.The upshot is that the politics of the three large continental countries, bureaucratic momentum and the economics of recovery will all be aligned to give a push towards integration in 2007. That does not mean the momentum will be irresistible or even popular. The British government, for one, will almost certainly not want to go with the flow, beginning yet another chapter in the long history of confrontation between Britain and the rest of Europe. More important, the voters will want a say. They rejected the constitution in 2005. It would be foolish to assume they will accept it after 2007 just as a result of an artful bit of tinkering.Questions 1-6Do the following statemets reflect the claims of thewriter in Reading Passage 1?Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.TRUE if the statemenht reflets the claims of the writerFALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of thewriterNOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this1.After years’ introspection and mistrust, continental European governments will resurrect their enthusiasm for more integration in 2007.2. The European consitution was officially approved in 2005 in spite of the oppositon of French and Dutch voters.3. The Treaty of Rome , which is considered as the fundamental charter of the European Union, was signed in 1957.4.It is very unlikely that European countries will signthe declaration at the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome.5.French government will hold the EU’s presidency andlay down the agenda during the first half of 2008.6.For a long time in hisotry, there has beenconfrontation between Britain and the rest of European countries.Questions 7-10Complet the following sentencces.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1for each answer.Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.7. Every four or five years, European countries tend to make a rapid progress towards ___________________by signing a new treaty.8. The European constitution is supposed to______________________for yet more integration of European Union member countries.9. The bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlinrashly ignore the possibility of __________________and think the new consitution will be delivered in 2009-10.10. The politics of the three large continental countries, __________________ and the economic recovery will jointogether to urge the integration in 2007.Questions 11-14Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them inboxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.11. Which of the following statemnts is true of Euopean economic development.A. The economy of Europe developed much faster than thatof Asia before 2006.B. The growth of European economy was slightly slowerthan that of America in 2006.C. The development of European economy are likely to slow down by 2007.D. The recovery of European economy may be considerably accelerated by 2007.12. The word “immobilised” in the last line of SectionC means ___________.A. stopped completely.B. pushed strongly.C. motivated wholely.D. impeded totally.13. Which of the following statements about the treaties in European countries is NOT TRUE.A. The Maastricht Treaty was signed in 1992.B. The Treaty of Amsterdan was signed in 1997.C. The Treaty of Nice was signed in 2001.D. The Treaty of Rome was signed in 2007.14. The European constitution failed to be ratified in 2005--2006, becauseA. The leaders of France, Italy and Germany were defensive, cynical and self-destructuve..B. The voters in two countries of the Union --France and Holland rejected the constitution.C. The leaders of the EU thought that it was unneccessary to pursue any European policy.D. France, Italy and Germany are the three largest and most influential euro-zone countries.Part IINotes to the Reading Passage1. pan-Enropeanpan-：前缀：全，总，泛pan-African 全/泛非洲的(运动)pan-Enropean全/泛欧的(机构建设)2. outstrip超越，胜过，超过，优于Material development outstripped human development”“物质的发展超过了人类的进步”3. ebb回落跌落;衰退或消减The tide is on the ebb.正在退潮。
雅思阅读考试巩固试题附答案
雅思阅读考试巩固试题附答案无知是智慧的黑夜，没有月亮、没有星星的黑夜。
以下是小编为大家搜索整理雅思阅读考试巩固试题附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生!Changes in AirAA federal ban on ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), to conform with the Clean Air Act, is, ironically, affecting 22.9 million people in the U.S. who suffer from asthma, Genetic inhaled albuterol, which is the most commonly prescribed short-acting asthma medication and requires CFCs to propel it into the lungs, will no longer be legally sold after December 31, 2008. Physicians and patients are questioning thewisdom of the ban, which will have an insignificant effect on ozone but a measurable impact on wallets: the reformulated brand-name alternatives can be three times as expensive, raising the cost to about $40 per inhaler. The issue is even more disconcerting considering that asthma disproportionately affects the poor and that according to recent surveys, an estimated 20 percent of asthma patients are uninsured.BThe decision to make the change was political, not medical or scientific, says pharmacist Leslie Hendeles of the University of Florida, who co-authored a 2007 paper in the New England Journal of Medicine explaining the withdrawal and transition. In 1987 Congress signed on to the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, an international treaty requiring the phasing out of all nonessential uses of CFCs. At that time, medical inhalers were considered an essential use because no viable alternative propellant existed. In 1989 pharmaceutical companies banded together and eventually, in 1996, reformulated albuterol with hydrofluoroalkane.CThe transition began quietly, but as more patients see their prescriptions change and costs go up, many question why this bail must begin before generics become available. At least one member of the FDA advisory committee, Nicholas J. Gross of the Stritch-Loyola School of Medicine, has publicly regretted the decision, recanting his support and requesting that the ban be pushed back until 2010, when the first patent expires.DGross notes that the decision had nothing to do with the environment Albuterol inhalers contributed less than 0.1 percent of the CFCs released when the treaty was signed. Lt's a symbolic issue Gross remarks. Some skeptics instead point to the billions of dollars to be gained by the three companies holding the patents on the available HFA-albuterol inhalers, namely Glaxo-SmithKline, Schering-Plough and Teva. Althoughthe FDA advisory committee recognized that the expenses would go up, Hendeles says, it also believed that the companies would help defray the added costs for individuals, Firms, for instance, had committed to donating a million HFA inhalers to clinics around the country. According to Hendeles, GlaxoSmithKline did not follow through, although Schering-Plough and Teva did. GlaxoSmithKline did not respond to requests for comment.EThe issue now, Hendeles says, is that pharmaceutical-grade CFCs are in short supply, and the public faces the risk of a shortage of albuterol inhalers if the FDA does not continue promoting the production of HFA inhalers. He posits that even costs of generics would go up as CFCs become scarcer. Gross disagrees, saying that the inhaler shortage and the closure of CFC manufacturing plants are a result of the ban.FThe HFA inhalers also have encountered resistance because some asthmatics insist that they do not work as well as the CFC variety. But, Hendeles says, the differences are in the mechanics and maintenance—unlike CFC inhalers, the HFA versions must be primed more diligently and rinsed to accommodate the stickier HFA formulation. They also run out suddenly without the warning with a CFC inhaler, that the device is running low. Pharmacists may not tell people of these things, and the doctors don't know, Hendeles says.GThe main public health issue in this decision may be the side effects of the economics, not the drug chemistry. Multiple studies have shown that raising costs leads to poorer adherence to treatment. One study discovered that patients took 30 percent less amtiasthma medication when their co-pay doubled. In the ease of a chronic disease such as asthma, it is particularly difficult to get people to follow regular treatment plans. Generally speaking, for any reason you don’t take medication, cost makes it more likely” that you do not, comments MichaelChernew, a health policy expert at Harvard Medical School.HSuch choices to forgo medication could affect more than just the patients themselves. For example, Hendeles points out, in a pregnant mother with untreated asthma, less oxygen is delivered to the fetus, which can lead to congenital problems and premature birth. And considering that the disease disproportionately strikes the poor, what seemed to be a good, responsible environmental decision might in the end exact an unexpected human toll.Question 14-18Use the information in the passage to match the people (listed A-C) with opinions or deeds below. Write the appropriate letters A-C in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.NB you may use any letter more than onceA Nicholas J. GrossB Michael ChernewC Leslie Hendeles14. Put forward that the increase in the price of drugs would contribute to the patients' negative decision on the treatment.15. Spoke out a secret that the druggists try to hold back.16. Pointed out that the protocol itself is not concerning the environment.17. Demonstrated that the stop of providing alternatives for CFCs would worsen rather than help with the situation.18. In public repented of his previous backing up of the prohibition proposal.Question 19-22Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?In boxes 19-22 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement is trueFALSE if the statement is falseNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage19. It took almost a decade before the replacement drug for the asthma therapy was ultimately developed by the joint effort of several drug companies.20. One of the FDA committee members had a decisive impact on the implement of the ban on chlorofluorocarbons.21. As a matter of fact, the emitted chlorofluorocarbons in asthma treatment took up quite an insignificant amount at the time when the pact was reached.22. The HFA and CFC inhalers have something different regardingthe therapeutic effect.Question 23-27Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using No More than Three words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 23-27 on your answer sheet.American people with asthma would be impacted by...23...about chlorofluorocarbons which would consume the ozone layer. The usually used...24...would be considered illegal because it needs the propelment of...25.... The...26...would cost the patients considerably more money. Impoverished people are far more likely to Suffer from asthma and what makes it even worse is that some of them are in...27...condition.。
雅思考试巩固预测试题包括
2021 年雅思考试稳固预测试题及答案Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold25 January 2007From New Scientist Print Edition.Stuart Clark1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations inthe sun's interior. According to the standard view, the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by theopposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However, Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005, Grandpierre and a collaborator,Gábor Ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each other out, some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages ： for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that, they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit, known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100,000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives, triggering the ice ages. However, a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the iceages changed frequency a million years ago.7 "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," says Neil Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes, UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claimthat the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.8 However, Edwards believes the small changes in solarheating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example, if sea ice beginsto form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part ofthe carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.9 According to Edwards, there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add their effects together, there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work," he says. "The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation," he says. "Ican't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where weare in the temperature oscillation."10 Ehrlich concedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on the sun, I can't think of one that is practical," he says.That's because variation over 41,000 to 100,000 years is too gradual to be observed. However, there may be away to test it in other stars ： red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller than that of the sun, and so Ehrlich believesthat the oscillation periods could be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.11 Nigel Weiss, a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge, is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible". Ehrlich counters that Weiss's opinion is based on the standard solar model, which fails to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature fluctuations.(716 words)Questions 1-4Complete each of the following statements with One orTwo names of the scientists from the box below.Write the appropriate letters A-E in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.A. Attila GrandpierreB.G ábor ÁgostonC.Neil EdwardsD.Nigel WeissE.Robert Ehrlich1. ...claims there 抯 a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall in periods as long as those between ice ages on Earth.2. ...calculated that the internal solar magnetic fieldscould produce instabilities in the solar plasma.3. ...holds that Milankovitch cycles can induce changes in solar heating on Earth and the changes are amplified on Earth.4. ...doesn't believe in Ehrlich's viewpoints at all.Questions 5-9Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?In boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passage FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage5.The ice ages changed frequency from 100,000 to 41,000 years a million years ago.6.The sole problem that the Milankovitch theory can not solve is to explain why the ice age frequency should shift from one to another.7.Carbon dioxide can be locked artificially into sea ice to eliminate the greenhouse effect.8.Some scientists are not ready to give up the Milankovitch theory though they haven't figured out which mechanisms amplify the changes in solar heating.9.Both Edwards and Ehrlich believe that there is nopractical way to test when the solar temperature oscillation begins and when ends.Questions 10-14Complete the notes below.Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet.The standard view assumes that the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusions hold the temperature ...10...inthe sun's interior, but the slight changes in theearth's ...11... alter the temperature on the earth and causeice ages every 100,000 years. A British scientist, however, challenges this view by claiming that the internal solar magnetic ...12... can induce the temperature oscillations inthe sun's interior. The sun's core temperature oscillates around its average temperature in ...13... lasting either100,000 or 41,000 years. And the ...14... interactions withinthe sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other, which explains why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.Answer keys and explanations：1. ESee the sentences in paragraph 1(There's a dimmer switchinside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall ontimescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the sameperiod as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicistwho has created a computer model of our star's core.) andpara.2 (Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in thesun's interior.)2. A BSee para.3 ： ?i style='mso-bidi-font-style：normal'>Grandpierre and a collaborator, Gábor Ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's corecould produce small instabilities in the solar plasma.3. CSee para.8 ： Edwards believes the small changes in solarheating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth.4. DSee para.11 ： Nigel Weiss, a solar physicist at theUniversity of Cambridge, is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible".5. FalseSee para.5 ： for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that,they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.6. FalseSee para.7 ： "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," ...Nor is the transition problem the only one theMilankovitch theory faces.7. Not GivenSee para.8 ： if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide?is locked into the ice. That weakensthe greenhouse effect. (The passage doesn 抰 mention anything about locking Co2 into ice artificially.)8. TrueSee para.9 ： there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you addtheir effects together, there is more than enough feedback tomake Milankovitch work,"?"The problem now is identifyingwhich mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists likeEdwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory.9. TrueSee the sentences in para.9 (According to Edwards, 卙e says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see wherewe are in the temperature oscillation.") and para.10 (Ehrlichconcedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on thesun, I can't think of one that is practical).10. constantSee para.2 ： According to the standard view, the temperatureof the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures ofgravity and nuclear fusion.11. orbitSee para.6 ： Most scientists believe that the ice ages arethe result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit,匛arth's orbit雅思考试巩固预测试题包括gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse andback again roughly every 100,000 years.12. instabilitiesSee para.3 ： ?i style='mso-bidi-font-style：normal'>magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities inthe solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.13. cyclesSee para.4 ：⋯allow the sun's core temperature to oscillatearound its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years.14. randomSee para.4 ： Ehrlich says that random interactions within thesun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cyclelength to the other.(By HE Xiao)11 / 11。
雅思模拟考试题及答案
雅思模拟考试题及答案一、听力部分1. 根据所听对话，选择正确的答案。
A. 火车将在10分钟后到达。
B. 火车已经晚点了20分钟。
C. 火车将在30分钟后出发。
答案：B2. 根据所听对话，选择正确的答案。
A. 男士建议女士去看医生。
B. 女士建议男士去看医生。
C. 两人都同意去看医生。
答案：A二、阅读部分Passage 1阅读以下短文，并回答以下问题。
The history of the bicycle can be traced back to the early 19th century, when it was first invented as a means of transportation. Over the years, the bicycle has evolved from a simple wooden frame to a complex machine with gears and brakes.3. 根据短文，自行车的历史可以追溯到哪个世纪？A. 18th centuryB. 19th centuryC. 20th century答案：B4. 短文中提到自行车最初是由什么制成的？A. 金属B. 木头C. 塑料答案：BPassage 2阅读以下短文，并回答以下问题。
Many people believe that the internet has changed the way we communicate. With the advent of social media, people can now share their thoughts and experiences with others instantly.5. 根据短文，互联网改变了什么？A. 我们的工作方式B. 我们的沟通方式C. 我们的学习方式答案：B6. 短文中提到的社交媒体允许人们做什么？A. 立即分享他们的想法和经历B. 与朋友面对面交流C. 通过邮件发送信息答案：A三、写作部分Task 1根据所给图表，描述以下趋势。
2023年雅思英语预测真题及参考答案
2023年雅思英语预测真题及参考答案关于本文档本文档为2023年雅思英语预测真题及参考答案的文档。
以下提供了一些可能出现的题型以及参考答案，供备考的考生参考使用。
阅读理解题目一题目描述根据短文内容，回答以下问题。
问题1. 问题1的描述2. 问题2的描述3. 问题3的描述参考答案1. 参考答案12. 参考答案23. 参考答案3题目二题目描述根据短文内容，选择正确的选项完成句子。
问题1. 问题1的描述- 选项A- 选项B- 选项C2. 问题2的描述- 选项A- 选项B- 选项C参考答案1. 参考答案：选项B2. 参考答案：选项C听力题目一题目描述请根据所听到的对话内容，选择正确的答案。
问题1. 问题1的描述- 选项A- 选项B- 选项C2. 问题2的描述- 选项A- 选项B- 选项C参考答案1. 参考答案：选项A2. 参考答案：选项B题目二题目描述请根据所听到的独白内容，回答以下问题。
问题1. 问题1的描述2. 问题2的描述3. 问题3的描述参考答案1. 参考答案12. 参考答案23. 参考答案3写作题目一题目描述请根据所给话题，写一篇短文。
话题话题描述参考答案参考短文题目二题目描述请根据所给图表，写一篇短文。
图表描述图表描述内容参考答案参考短文参考资料提供一些相关的参考资料供考生参考：以上是2023年雅思英语预测真题及参考答案的文档，希望对备考的考生有所帮助。
2023年雅思考试备考复习试题带答案
2023年雅思考试备考复习试题带答案2023年雅思索试备考复习试题带答案对一件东西的爱好是由学问产生，学问愈精确，爱好也就愈剧烈。
要达到这精确，就须对所应爱好的事物全体所由组成的每一个总分都有透彻精确的学问。
以下是我为大家搜寻整理2023年雅思索试备考复习试题带答案，期望能给大家带来帮忙!更多精彩内容请准时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!From The Economist print editionHow shops can exploit peoples herd mentality to increase sales1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfarebut it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how "swarm intelligence' (that is， how ants， bees or any social animal，including humans， behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes， also of the Florida Institute of Technology， set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that， if a certain product is seen to be popular， shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmanis supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag， a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information， and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.4. Mr Usmanis "swarm-moves' model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the "right' productthat is， the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work， and testing will get under way in the spring.5. Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could， indeed， be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14，000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded， they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank，but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed，the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category， and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem， a company in Cambridge，Massachusetts， also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm.Questions 1-6Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.1. Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.2. In shops， products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.3. According to Mr. Usmani， with the use of "swarm intelligence' phenomenon， a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store，shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.5. If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high， other customers tend to follow them.6. Using the "swarm-moves' model， shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.Questions 7-12Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 writeYES if the statement agrees with the informationNO if the statement contraicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.8. People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.Answer keys：1. 答案：(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2 行：Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)2. 答案：expensive. (第1段第4 行： Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)3. 答案：impulse buying. (第2段第1 句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan- ul- hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)4. 答案：other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2 句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)5. 答案：screen. (第3段第4 行：As a customer walks pasta shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.)6. 答案：discounts. (第4段第第1句：Mr Usmanis "swarm- moves' model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)7. 答案：NO. (第4段第3、4 句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal- Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd， and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语 "get under way'的意思是"开头进行'，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开头)8. 答案：NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)9. 答案：YES。
2019年雅思考试巩固预测试题及答案
2019年雅思考试巩固预测试题及答案Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold25 January 2007From New Scientist Print Edition.Stuart Clark1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations inthe sun's interior. According to the standard view, the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However, Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.3 He took as his starting point the work of AttilaGrandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005, Grandpierre and a collaborator,Gábor Ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localisedoscillations in temperature.4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of theseoscillations cancel each other out, some reinforce oneanother and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 millionkelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years.Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun'smagnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cyclelength to the other.5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages： for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that, they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit, known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100,000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives, triggering the ice ages. However, a persistent problem withthis theory has been its inability to explain why the iceages changed frequency a million years ago.7 "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," says Neil Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes, UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claimthat the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cyclesare simply not big enough to drive ice ages.8 However, Edwards believes the small changes in solarheating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example, if sea ice beginsto form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide thatwould otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere aspart of the carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakensthe greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.9 According to Edwards, there is no lack of such mechanisms."If you add their effects together, there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work," he says. "The problemnow is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on thecurrent theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation," he says. "Ican't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where weare in the temperature oscillation."。
2019年雅思考试巩固预测试题及答案
2019年雅思考试巩固预测试题及答案Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold25 January 2007From New Scientist Print Edition.Stuart Clark1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun's interior. According to the standard view, the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However, Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005, Grandpierre and a collaborator,Gábor Ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of theseoscillations cancel each other out, some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages： for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that, they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit, known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100,000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives, triggering the ice ages. However, a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.7 "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," says Neil Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes, UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claim that the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.8 However, Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example, if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part of the carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.9 According to Edwards, there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add their effects together, there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work," he says. "The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation," he says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation."。
2019年雅思考试巩固模拟试题与答案1
2019 年雅思考试巩固模拟试题及答案1 Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the TreatyA.After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover theirenthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in 2007.Whether the European public will welcome a return to whatvoters in two countries had rejected so short a time beforeis another matter.B.There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had beenlagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), butin 2006 the large continental economies had one of their bestyears for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms ofgrowth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with alag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have itsimpact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then.C.The coming year also marks a particular point in apolitical cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to anatural law. Every four or five years, European countries takea large stride towards further integration by signing a newtreaty ： the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty ofAmsterdam in 1997, the Treaty of Nice in 2001. And in 2005they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, layingthe ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythmwas rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But thepolitical impetus to sign something every four or five yearshas only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback.D.In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to“ever closer union ” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself,and in normal circumstances, the EU’s 50th -birthday greetingto itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression ofEuropean good fellowship. But it does not take aMachiavelli to spot that once governments have signed thedeclaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be souncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfwaytowards committing themselves to a new treaty. All that willbe necessary will be to incorporate the 50th-anniversarydeclaration into a new treaty containing a number ofinstitutional and other reforms extracted from the failedattempt at constitution-building and—hey presto—a new quasi-constitution will be ready.E.According to the German government—which holds the EU’s agenda-setting presidency during the first half of 2007 there—will be a new draft of a slimmed-down constitution ready bythe middle of the year, perhaps to put to voters, perhaps not.There would then be a couple of years in which it will bediscussed, approved by parliaments and, perhaps, put tovoters if that is deemed unavoidable. Then, accordingto bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin, blithelyignoring the possibility of public rejection, the whole thingwill be signed, sealed and a new constitution delivered in2009-10. Europe will be nicely back on schedule. Its four-to-five-year cycle of integration will have missed only one beat.F.The resurrection of the European constitution will bemade more likely in 2007 because of what is happening innational capitals. The European Union is not really anautonomous organisation. If it functions, it is because theleaders of the big continental countries want it to,reckoning that an active European policy will help themget done what they want to do in their own countries.G.That did not happen in 2005-06. Defensive, cynical andself-destructive, the leaders of the three largest euro-zonecountries —France, Italy and Germany—were stumbling towards their unlamented ends. They saw no reason to pursue any sortof European policy and the EU, as a result, barely functioned.But by the middle of 2007 all three will have gone, and this factalone will transform the European political landscape.H.The upshot is that the politics of the three largecontinental countries, bureaucratic momentum and theeconomics of recovery will all be aligned to give a pushtowards integration in 2007. That does not mean the momentumwill be irresistible or even popular. The British government,for one, will almost certainly not want to go with the flow,beginning yet another chapter in the long history of confrontation between Britain and the rest of Europe.More important, the voters will want a say. They rejectedthe constitution in 2005. It would be foolish to assume theywill accept it after 2007 just as a result of an artful bit of tinkering.Questions 1-6Do the following statemets reflect the claims ofthe writer in Reading Passage 1?Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.TRUE if the statemenht reflets the claims of the writerFALSE if the statement contradicts the claims ofthe writerNOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writerthinks about this1.After years ’ introspection and mistrust, continental European governments will resurrect their enthusiasm for more integration in 2007.2.The European consitution was officially approved in 2005 in spite of the oppositon of French and Dutch voters.3.The Treaty of Rome , which is considered as the fundamental charter of the European Union, was signed in 1957.4.It is very unlikely that European countries will signthe declaration at the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome.5.French government will hold the EU’s presidency andlay down the agenda during the first half of 2008.6.For a long time in hisotry, there has beenconfrontation between Britain and the rest ofEuropean countries.Questions 7-10Complet the following sentencces.Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.7. Every four or five years, European countries tend tomake a rapid progress towards ___________________by signing anew treaty.8.The European constitution is supposed to______________________for yet more integration ofEuropean Union member countries.9.The bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlinrashly ignore the possibility of __________________and thinkthe new consitution will be delivered in 2009-10.10.The politics of the three large continental countries,__________________ and the economic recovery will jointogether to urge the integration in 2007.Questions 11-14Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write themin boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.11.Which of the following statemnts is true ofEuopean economic development.A. The economy of Europe developed much faster than that of Asia before 2006.B. The growth of European economy was slightly slower than that of America in 2006.C. The development of European economy are likely to slow down by 2007.D. The recovery of European economy may be considerably accelerated by 2007.12.The word “immobilised ” in the last line of Section C means ___________.A. stopped completely.B. pushed strongly.C. motivated wholely.D. impeded totally.13.Which of the following statements about the treatiesin European countries is NOT TRUE.A. The Maastricht Treaty was signed in 1992.B. The Treaty of Amsterdan was signed in 1997.C. The Treaty of Nice was signed in 2001.D. The Treaty of Rome was signed in 2007.14.The European constitution failed to be ratified in2005--2006, becauseA. The leaders of France, Italy and Germany weredefensive, cynical and self-destructuve..B. The voters in two countries of the Union --France andHolland rejected the constitution.C. The leaders of the EU thought that it was unneccessaryto pursue any European policy.D. France, Italy and Germany are the three largestand most influential euro-zone countries.Part IINotes to the Reading Passage1. pan-Enropeanpan- ：前缀：全，总，泛pan-African全/泛非洲的(运动)pan-Enropean 全/ 泛欧的 ( 机构建设 )2. outstrip超越，胜过，超过，优于Material development outstripped human development”“物质的发展超过了人类的进步”3. ebb回落跌落 ; 衰退或消减The tide is on the ebb.正在退潮。
雅思考试全真模拟试题及答案
雅思考试全真模拟试题及答案听力部分Section 1场景：旅行咨询题型：填空题1. 旅行的目的地是 _______。
2. 旅行日期是 _______。
3. 旅行者需要预订的酒店类型是 _______。
4. 酒店的房间号是 _______。
5. 旅行者需要的额外服务包括 _______。
6. 旅行者需要支付的总费用是 _______。
7. 旅行者选择了哪种支付方式 _______。
8. 旅行者需要在 _______ 之前完成支付。
9. 旅行者预订的航班号是 _______。
10. 旅行者需要在 _______ 之前到达机场。
答案：1. Paris2. 15th June3. Luxury4. 2045. Airport shuttle6. £3507. Credit card8. 10th June9. BA12310. 2 hoursSection 2场景：图书馆介绍题型：选择题11. 图书馆的开放时间是？A. 8:00 - 22:00B. 9:00 - 21:00C. 10:00 - 20:0012. 图书馆提供哪种类型的学习空间？A. Silent study areaB. Group study roomC. Both A and B13. 图书馆的自助打印机如何使用？A. Scan and print using the appB. Insert coins and printC. Use a library card14. 图书馆的在线数据库可以在哪里访问？A. Library websiteB. University portalC. Both A and B15. 图书馆的借书期限是多少？A. 2 weeksB. 3 weeksC. 1 month答案：11. B12. C13. A14. C15. B阅读部分Passage 1主题：城市化的影响题型：判断题16. 城市化导致人口密度增加。
雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析(9)
雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析（9）(1~10/共10题)SECTION 1Play00:00…Volume第1题Answer the questions below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Example AnswerWhere is Mrs Grey going? SingaporeHow long does it take to fly from Singapore to Hong Kong SAR?第2题What time should the Greys check in?第3题What is the reason they cannot change their flight dates?第4题What date will the Greys fly back to Hong Kong SAR?第5题What does Mrs Grey want to do as soon as she gets back?第6题Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Bert will ______ the confirmation details to Mrs Grey.第7题The maximum weight for ______ luggage is 10 kilograms.第8题Mr and Mrs Grey will check in one ______ at extra cost.第9题The reservation number is ______.第10题Mrs Grey's preference is for a seat next to the ______.下一题(11~20/共10题)SECTION 2Play00:00…Volume第11题What does the speaker say about the following events?Write the correct letter, A, B, or C, next to questions 11-16.A. They are arts-focused.B. They are land-based.C. They are water-based.The National Selections Competition第12题The National Championships第13题The Seriously Social Competition第14题The Women's Only Event第15题The Autumn Festival第16题The Kingstown Youth Tournament第17题Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.School Holiday Programmes# Place Type A ctivitiesOne Prince Park sporting athletics, football, swimming,7Two Lord Hall creative cooking, 8 , craft,hair stylingThree Duke Recreational Area 9 skate boarding, rafting, orienteering, 10 , trekking第18题第19题第20题上一题下一题(21~30/共10题)SECTION 3Play00:00…Volume第21题Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.Julia and Bob's science project is dueA.next week.B.next month.C.next year.第22题All the materials they use must beA.recycled.B.inexpensive.C.available in the lab.第23题A Cartesian diver was called a 'devil' by some people becauseA.they saw it was black.B.they believed in the supernatural.C.they wanted the inventor to be famous.第24题Choose TWO letters, A-E.Julia and Bob find some of the items they needA. in Bob's pencil case and the recycling bin.B. in the cafeteria and the Resource Centre.C. in the shop and Julia's locker.D. in Bob's bag and his pocket.E. in Tara's packet and on the floor.第25题第26题Complete the notes below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.AssemblyStep 1Fold 6 in half.Step 2Use 7 to secure the ends.Step 3Attach 8 to diver.Step 4Fill bottle with water and replace 9 .Step 5Demonstrate by squeezing and releasing bottle. Compression causes diver to sink because diver becomes 10 .第27题第28题第29题第30题上一题下一题(31~40/共10题)SECTION 4Play00:00…Volume第31题Complete the summary below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Every day the human body is fighting off 1 by destructive pathogens. A person in good health has natural protection in the form of an immune system which works best against familiar microorganisms which may have been encountered during a previous 2 or passed on by the mother before or after birth.Vaccination is a way to cause 3 immunisation by introducing a small amount of pathogen into the body—just enough for the body's 4 to react by making antibodies. Passive immnnisation can be used as a way of treating someone who is already sick. Proteins from animal 5 are introduced into the patient to give him the necessary antibodies to fight the disease. Dr. Edward Jenner observed that people who had suffered and recovered from a serious disease called smallpox did not get it again. He also noted that victims of a milder disease, cowpox, which they caught from 6 , were immune to smallpox. He carried out a successful 7 by deliberately giving a child cowpox in order to make him immune to smallpox.第32题第33题第34题第35题第36题第37题第38题Complete the diagram below.Choose your answers from the box below and write the letters A-F next to questions 38-40.图片A. antibodyB. agglutinationC. antigenD. germsE. plasmaF. B-lymphocyte第39题第40题上一题下一题(41~54/共14题)PASSAGE 1图片第41题Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text?In boxes 1-9 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on thisCalls you make to Citywide Customer Service are not billed to you by the phone company.第42题Every Citywide customer receives a 15% discount.第43题If you do not have enough money in your bank account when the direct debit is due, a penalty of 2% is added to your bill.第44题With Internet banking, the bank does not automatically transfer the funds.第45题Automatic payment suits people on low incomes.第46题You should pay your bill straight away if you are using telephone transfer.第47题Citywide does not accept all credit cards.第48题There are no postage costs associated with sending a cheque to Citywide in the mail.第49题You should use cash to pay in person.第50题The following text has five sections, A-E.Choose the correct heading for each section from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, ⅰ-ⅷ, in boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet.图片List of HeadingsⅰAdd shineⅱReturn to original conditionⅲAvoid excessive wetnessⅳPrevent damageⅴHeat the straightening ironsⅵMove the irons through the hairⅶTake only a secondⅷRemove moistureSection A第51题Section B第52题Section C第53题Section D第54题Section E上一题下一题(55~67/共13题)PASSAGE 2Setting up pay structures in your workplace:When it comes to setting up a pay structure for your new business, there are two broad options to choose from: the internal equity method, or the market pricing method.The internal equity methodThe internal equity method of pay structuring involves creating a series of grades with each grade representing a different level of pay within the company. Employment positions are set within these grades depending on the rank of internal advancement the job represents.A company determines how many grades it needs based on the number of employees and the variety of jobs in the organisation. The number of grades can be expanded at any point. As a result of their frequent use of hybrid positions, small businesses do not always benefit from pay grades.Each grade should also be given a spread, so that employees can move within their grade as they progress within their current position. Creating a minimum and a maximum spread for the company is also recommended. There should be a 15 percent progression between grades. This is vital for ensuring that promotions incur meaningful pay increases and maintain incentives for the employee to rise within the company.Market pricing methodAn alternative to this more traditional, grid-based method of remuneration is what is called the market pricing approach. This is quickly becoming the dominant method of pricing jobs. This approach involves an employee's position being compensated in relation to the market value ofthat job, not the level that specific position holds within the organisation.Using the internal equity method, for example, the chief financial officer (CFO) will probably be in the top grade and remunerated higher than an information technology worker in that organisation. Under the market pricing method there is no guarantee of this. An information technology worker with a highly demanded skill-set may be paid much more than what the OFO earns.Which is right for your business?Only you can decide which pay method is right for your business. As a general rule you may find that small, dynamic, high-turnover and high-speed growth-orientated businesses respond well to the market pricing method. This way you can individually select the most qualified and skilled candidates for each position by remunerating them at or just above the market rate so that your precious capital is not wasted on simply rewarding status.For those companies that seek to expand in a firm, controlled and more cautious manner while maintaining robust internal cohesion and high levels of staff loyalty and discipline, the internal equity method may be more suited.第55题Complete the notes below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 15-23 on your answer sheet.Internal equity methodPay organised according to a range of 1 —each one denotes different level of pay based on employee's position within the company.The company decides on the number of grades according to how many workers and how many different2Not suitable for 3 which often have 4 .Gaps between pay grades are important to 5 for promotion.Market pricing methodPay is based on the job's 6 .A worker with sought-after 7 may earn more than a CFO.How to decide?Internal equity good for maintaining steady growth and keeping constant, reliable 8 .Market pricing—Money does not go on paying for 9 alone, but acquiring the best performers.第56题第57题第58题第59题第60题第61题第62题第63题第64题If you want to find a job that motivates you, maybe change your career or start out on your ownin a small business or as a freelancer, or even make a fresh start after redundancy, think about making a quick planner to help you identify your interests and motivating factors.To be successful and happy at work, you have to figure out what it is you really love—you need to recognise your passion. To do well at self-employment or freelance work too, you need to know what your own personal strengths are. More than that, you should be aware of your working styles—things like whether you are good around people or not; whether you are better at working with figures, design or text. Perhaps you like working with machinery or certain materials. The next step is very important: investigate the potential for your ideas, in other words, carry out some research and educate yourself about all the possibilities. Don't rush it. Let your ideas take shape slowly and work out your plans for the future. Time is crucial for refining and developing what you have to offer. At the end of it all, you'll be in the most appropriate and fulfilling job for you whether it's running your own business or enjoying being in a new occupation.Complete the flow chart below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 24-27 on your answer sheet.identify 10↓identify 11↓identify preferred working style↓do 12↓allow ideas to form↓take time to develop↓new 13 or career第65题第66题第67题上一题下一题(68~81/共14题)PASSAGE 3Does water have memory?The practice of homeopathy was first developed by the German physician Samuel Hahnemann. During research in the 1790s, Hahnemann began experimenting with quinine, an alkaloid derived from cinchona bark that was well known at the time to have a positive effect on fever. Hahnemann started dosing himself with quinine while in a state of good health, and reported in his journals that his extremities went cold, he experienced palpitations, an "infinite anxiety", a trembling and weakening of the limbs, reddening cheeks and thirst—"in short", he concluded, "all the symptoms of relapsing fever presented themselves successively..." Hahnemann's main observation was that things which create problems for healthy people cure those problems in sick people, and this became his first principle of homeopathy: simila similibus (with help from the same). While diverging from the principle of apothecary practice at the time—which wascontraria contrariis (with help from the opposite)—the efficacy of simila similibus was reaffirmed by subsequent developments in the field of vaccinations.Hahnemann's second principle was minimal dosing—treatments should be taken in the most diluted form at which they remain effective. This negated any possible toxic effects of simila similibus. In 1988 the French immunologist Jacques Benveniste took minimal dosing to new extremes when he published a paper in the prestigious scientific journal Nature in which he suggested that very high dilutions of the anti-lgE antibody could affect human basophil granulocytes, the least common of the granulocytes that make up about 0.01% to 0.3% of white blood cells. The point of controversy, however, was that the water in Benveniste's test had been so diluted that any molecular evidence of the antibodies no longer existed. Water molecules, the researcher concluded, had a biologically active component that a journalist later termed "water memory". A number of efforts from scientists in Britain, France and the Netherlands to duplicate Benveniste's research were unsuccessful, however, and to this day no peer-reviewed study under broadly accepted conditions has been able to confirm the validity of "water memory".The third principle of homeopathy is "the single remedy". Exponents of this principle believe that it would be too difficult, if not impossible, to ascertain the potential effects of multiple homeopathic remedies delivered simultaneously. If it did work, they suggest, one could not know quite why it worked, turning homeopathy into an ambiguous guessing game. If it did not work, neither patient nor practitioner would know whether the ingredients were all ineffective, or whether they were only ineffective in combination with one another. Combination remedies are gaining in popularity, but classical homeopaths who rely on the single remedy approach warn these are not more potent, nor do they provide more treatment options. The availability of combination remedies, these homeopaths suggest, has been led by consumers wanting more options, not from homeopathic research indicating their efficacy.Homeopathy is an extremely contentious form of medicine, with strong assertions coming from both critics and supporters of the practice. "Homeopathy: There's nothing in it" announces the tagline to 10:23, a major British anti-homeopathy campaign. At 10.23 a.m. on 30 January 2010, over 400 supporters of the 10:23 stood outside Boots pharmacies and swallowed an entire bottle each of homeopathic pills in an attempt to raise awareness about the fact that these remedies are made of sugar and water, with no active components. This, defenders of homeopathy say, is entirely the point. Homeopathic products do not rely on ingredients that become toxic at high doses, because the water retains the "memory" that allows the original treatment to function.Critics also point out the fact that homeopathic preparations have no systematic design to them, making it hard to monitor whether or not a particular treatment has been efficacious. Homeopaths embrace this uncertainty. While results may be less certain, they argue, the non-toxic nature of homeopathy means that practitioner and patient can experiment until they find something that works without concern for side effects. Traditional medicine, they argue, assaults the body with a cocktail of drugs that only tackles the symptoms of disease, while homeopathy has its sights aimed on the causes.Homeopaths suggest this approach leads to kinder, gentler, more effective treatment. Finally, critics allege that when homeopathy has produced good results, these are exceedingly dependent on the placebo effect, and cannot justify the resources, time and expense that the homeopathic tradition absorbs. The placebo effect is a term that describes beneficial outcomesfrom a treatment than can be attributed to the patient's expectations concerning the treatment rather than from the treatment itself. Basically, the patient "thinks" himself into feeling better. Defenders suggest that homeopathy can go beyond this psychological level. They point to the successful results of homeopathy on patients who are unconscious at the time of treatment, as well as on animals.第68题Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-K, below.Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.A. avoid the unpredictable outcomes of combining many remedies at once.B. explain the success of 18th century apothecary medicine.C. produce fever-like symptoms in a healthy person.D. keep antibody molecules active in parts as low as 0.01%.E. support the notion of simila similibus.F. offer more remedial choice.G. produce a less effective dose.H. recreate the original results.I. retain qualities of an antibody to which they were previously exposed.J. satisfy the demand of buyers.K. treat effectively someone with a fever.In the late 18th century, Hahnemann discovered that quinine was able to第69题The effectiveness of vaccinations also helps to第70题Benveniste argued in the journal Nature that water molecules possess the ability to第71题Attempts to verify Benveniste's findings were unable to第72题The purpose of the single remedy is to第73题Classical homeopaths suggest combination remedies have been created to第74题Complete the table below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 33-40 on your answer sheet.Arguments against homeopathy Arguments for homeopathyHas no 7 ingredients. Does not become 8 whentaken in large quantities.Lack of a 9 makes success orfailure of treatments difficult to10 Remedies can be trialed with no risk of11 ; treatments tackle causesand not just 12 .Too much reliance on the 13 .Works psychologically but not physically. Proven to work on people who are14 .第75题第76题第77题第78题第79题第80题第81题上一题下一题(1/2)Writing第82题You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.You and your family are on holiday abroad. You are staying in a hotel, but you are not satisfied with some aspects of the accommodation. Write a letter to the hotel manager. In your letter, you should●introduce yourself●explain what is wrong with the hotel room, and●say what action you would like the hotel manager to take.Write at least 150 words.You do NOT need to write any addresses.Begin your letter as follows:Dear Sir or Madam,...上一题下一题(2/2)Writing第83题You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.Write about the following topic:Nowadays, people are generally not as fit as they have been in previous generations.What are some of the reasons for this trend? What can be done about it?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.Write at least 250 words.上一题下一题(1/3)Speaking Module第84题Introduction (compulsory)●Good morning/afternoon. My name is ______. Can you tell me your full name, please?●What should I call you?●Could you tell me where you're from?●Can I see your identification, please?Thank you. Now in this first part I'd like to ask you some questions about yourself.Interview (choose 1)Let's talk about where you live.●Can you tell me something about the town or city you grew up in?●Do you still live in the same town or city?●Which tourist attractions would you recommend in the town or city you grew up in?Let's talk about your studies.●Where are you studying at the moment?●How do you hope to use your studies in the future?●What do you like most about your studies?Interview (choose 2)Now, let's talk about morning routines.●What time do you usually get up in the mornings? Why?●What sort of things does your morning routine include?●Have you always had a similar morning routine?●Would you say you are a person who prefers mornings or nights? Why?Let's talk about reading.●What types of reading material do you prefer to read? Why?●Do you read as much now as you did when you were younger? Why/Why not?●Where do you usually read? Why?●What do you like most about reading? Why?Now let's talk about relaxing.●How do you normally relax? Why?●Have you always relaxed in the same way?●Do you prefer to relax by yourself or with other people? Why?●Do you think men and women relax in different ways? Why?上一题下一题(2/3)Speaking Module第85题Now, I'm going to give you a topic and I'd like you to talk about it for one to two minutes. Before you talk, you'll have one minute to think about what you're going to say. You can make some notes if you wish. Do you understand?Here's some paper and a pencil for making notes and here's your topic:I'd like you to describe an item that you bought, but don't really use.Describe something you bought but don't really use.You should saywhat it waswhere and when you bought itwhy you don't use itand say what you finally did with the item.Rounding off questions:●Did it cost a lot of money?●Do you often buy things that aren't useful?上一题下一题(3/3)Speaking Module第86题We've been talking about something you bought but did not use and now I'd like to discuss with you oneor two more general questions related to this. Let's consider first the topic of recycling.●There is a growing trend towards introducing public recycling schemes in many countries. Whatare the reasons for and the results of this?●Do you believe individuals or governments should be responsible for recycling? Why?●What can be done to encourage people to recycle more?Now let's talk about consumerism.●Some people think that owning the latest products and goods is extremely important. What's youropinion?●Are there any disadvantages to having a wide array of choice of similar items?●Do you think people will buy more, or less in the future?上一题交卷交卷答题卡答案及解析(1~10/共10题)SECTION 1Play00:00…Volume第1题Answer the questions below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Example AnswerWhere is Mrs Grey going? SingaporeHow long does it take to fly from Singapore to Hong Kong SAR?参考答案：3/three hours/hrs 40/forty minutes/mins详细解答：[听力原文]BERT: Good morning, Mrs Grey, this is Bert Stock speaking from Finnegan's Flight Centre. I can now confirm your flight to Singapore.MRS GREY: Oh good. No problems, I hope?BERT: No, everything is in order.MRS GREY: So we got the dates we wanted?BERT: Yes, leaving from Hong Kong on the 25th of July and arriving in Singapore later the same day.MRS GREY: How long does the flight last?BERT: Oh, about three hours forty minutes.MRS GREY: So, we'd get there at...BERT: 9:45.MRS GREY: In the evening?BERT: No, 9:45 am.MRS GREY: But that means we'd be leaving at...?BERT: Your flight leaves Hong Kong at 6:05 am.MRS GREY: So, we'd have to check in an hour before that...?BERT: Mrs Grey, check-in closes 60 minutes before your scheduled departure. If you arrive after check-in has closed, you will not be able to board the flight and you may forfeit your entire fare. I would strongly recommend that you arrive at the check-in counter at least 120 minutes before your departure time.MRS GREY: So you're saying we should be at the airport no later than 4:05 am?BERT: That's correct.MRS GREY: But we'd have to get up in the middle of the night to arrive by that time! Can't we get a later flight?BERT: Not on July 25th. Now there is a later flight on certain weekdays but not at the weekend. MRS GREY: Well, we must go with what we've got then because we're not at all flexible on the dates because of work commitments.BERT: Can I confirm that you want to return on August 7th?MRS GREY: Yes, that's the idea.BERT: Flight VQ 239 will depart from Singapore at 9:20 am on August seventh.MRS GREY: Oh, that's a much more civilized time. Tell me, the time zone is the same, isn't it? We don't gain or lose an hour along the way?BERT: There's no change in the time zone so you can expect to be back at around I pm Does that suit you?MRS GREY: Oh, absolutely. I'll have time to unpack before dinner—we're expecting to meet friends at the new seafood restaurant at 8 o'clock. ...............................................................................BERT: Mrs Grey, I'll send you all these details by an email or letter of confirmation. Which do you prefer?MRS GREY: Well, email is faster but we've been having difficulties with our Internet connection so if you could post it out, I'd appreciate that.BERT: Now, just one or two other things to check before final confirmation...You're booked on a Liteflite ticket.MRS GREY: What does that mean exactly?BERT: Well, you'll only have carry-on baggage, is that right?MRS GREY: Oh yes, that was the original idea. It's so much quicker not having to wait around at the luggage carousel, but...BERT: Yes?MRS GREY: Can you remind me of the allowance again?BERT: With a Liteflite ticket you're allowed ten kilos of hand baggage.MRS GREY: I'm not sure that's such a good idea now.BERT: Oh?MRS GREY: Well, apparently we're going to have to attend quite a few formal functions while we're away so I think I'm going to need a real suitcase to fit the extra clothes and shoes in. BERT: Well, that's not a problem—I can upgrade you to the next level and change your ticket to 'Easyflite'. There will be an extra charge of course.MRS GREY: How much?BERT: $30 per checked-in item of luggage weighing no more than 22 kilos per item.MRS GREY: Well, we'll probably manage with just a single suitcase between the two of us. Is itpossible to do it like that?BERT: Yes, of course. You can take the 'Easyflite' option and your husband can stay with the 'Liteflite' ticket.MRS GREY: Great.BERT: I'll give you your reservation number now so if you need to make any further changes or enquiries you can just quote this reference, okay?MRS GREY: Yes, I have a pen and paper—what is it?BERT: L4GBWF.MRS GREY: L4GBUF?BERT: WF.MRS GREY: Thanks, I've got it now.BERT: At this point I can actually book your seat numbers. Do you have any preference—window or aisle?MRS GREY: Oh, not by the window, Bert. You see, I'm quite a nervous flier and I don't like looking out. What's more, my husband likes a bit of room to stretch his legs. Aisle would be good. BERT: Great. That's sorted then. As I said, I'll send you the details and if you need to talk to the agency again just quote that reference number I gave you.MRS GREY: Thanks so much. Bye.第2题What time should the Greys check in?参考答案：4:05am详细解答：第3题What is the reason they cannot change their flight dates?参考答案：work (commitments)详细解答：第4题What date will the Greys fly back to Hong Kong SAR?参考答案：7(th) Aug(ust)/Aug(ust) 7(th)详细解答：第5题What does Mrs Grey want to do as soon as she gets back?参考答案：unpack详细解答：第6题Complete the sentences below.Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.Bert will ______ the confirmation details to Mrs Grey.参考答案：post详细解答：第7题The maximum weight for ______ luggage is 10 kilograms.参考答案：hand/carry-on详细解答：。
雅思阅读预测真题库5参考答案
Novice and expertprinciples and rules/mentor/journeyman/patterns of behavior/complex FALSE/TRUE/TRUE/NOT GIVEN/FALSEmodels/consensus/manifestationsMuseum BlockbusterC /A /B /BCustomers/public relation skills /(the new) museology /tourist attractions A D/B C ESir Francis Ronalds and TelegraphG/A/E/D/ILetters and numbers(or alphabet and numbers)/glass tubes/800km/frictional-electricity(machine)D/A/E/C/GBestcom-Considerate ComputingFALSE/TRUE/TRUE/TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVENclues/relationship/message/reschedule/mail/cellphone/meetingVideo Game’s Unexpected Benefits to Human Brain C / D / B / D /NOT GIVE / TRUE / NOT GIVEN / FALSE /C / F / B / E / A /Fossil Files --- the Paleobiology Database iii/i/ii/vi/v/ivB/D/C/B/D/B/CScent of Success1-6题的NB可以忽略C/B/A/F/G/E/B/D/A/E/D/C/BA New Ice AgeD/C/A/D/B/A/B/Cheat/denser/Great Ocean Conveyor/freshwater/southwardSoviet’s New Working Weeki/xii/ii/x/i/ix/v/viiC/A/DYuri Larin/color-coding/familyThe PersuadersYES/NOT GIVEN/YES/NOB/C/D/Ctrolleys/aisles/loyalty card/cosmetics/groupWater Filterclay/water/straw/cow manure/950 degrees/60 minutes FALSE/TRUE/NOT GIVEN/NOT GIVENC/D/AMungo ManTRUE/NOTGIVEN /TRUE/ FALSE /TRUE /NOTGIVENA /E /A /B /C /D /B / ABamboo, A Wonder plantE/D/B/A/D/C/B/A/B/B/Dsoil erosion/paperThe Gap of IngenuityC/A/B/D/B/B/C/YES/YES/YES/NO/NOT GIVEN/YES/NOCorporate Soical Responsibility v/viii/iv/vii/i/iii/iiequal opportunity/internal costC/C/A/BAmateur NaturalistsB/C/H/G/E/D/ABeekepping/life cycle/droughtC/B/A/AThomas Young : The Last True Know-It-AllTRUE/FALSE/FALSE/FALSE/TRUE/TRUE/NOT GIVENhuman eye(or human eye accommodation)/Indo-European/Richard Brocklesby/Royal Institution/gas lightingHow to Achieve Happinessvi/vii/iv/ix/iiB/D/A/C/B/D/F/BAquaculture in New Zealand忽略NBF/E/D/I/GFuel/power/water streams/contaminant/harvesting/Government B5(target)/increase(producing/production)capacity/photosynthesisConsecutive and Simultaneous TranslationB/D/C/C/A2-3 seconds/10 seconds/100-120/200/95-164B/C/E/FThe Future Never Dies?YES/NO/YES/NG/NO/NGtemperature/(molten)rock(or ash)/food/tidal wave/ice age/rocket/D。
雅思模拟考试试题及答案
雅思模拟考试试题及答案听力部分：Section 11. 学生需要参加的课程是：A. 计算机科学B. 艺术史C. 环境科学2. 课程的开始时间是：A. 9:00 AMB. 10:00 AMC. 11:00 AM3. 学生需要在课程开始前做什么？A. 填写在线表格B. 阅读课程大纲C. 购买教材4. 学生可以获得的额外帮助是：A. 每周一次的辅导B. 每月一次的讲座C. 学期初的研讨会5. 学生需要准备的作业是：A. 一篇论文B. 一个项目C. 一份报告答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. BSection 26. 图书馆的开放时间是：A. 8:00 AM - 10:00 PMB. 9:00 AM - 9:00 PMC. 10:00 AM - 8:00 PM7. 图书馆的哪个区域提供安静的学习环境？A. 第一层B. 第二层C. 第三层8. 图书馆提供哪些服务？A. 打印和复印B. 无线网络和电脑C. 书籍和杂志9. 图书馆的哪个部门可以帮助学生找到参考资料？A. 咨询台B. 信息技术部C. 参考资料部10. 图书馆的借书期限是多久？A. 一周B. 两周C. 一个月答案：6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B阅读部分：Passage 1The article discusses the impact of technology on education. It highlights how the use of digital tools has made learning more interactive and accessible. The article also mentions the challenges faced by educators in integrating technology into their teaching methods.Questions 11-1411. What is the main topic of the article?A. The challenges of technology in educationB. The benefits of technology in educationC. The history of educational technology12. What does the article suggest about the use of digital tools?A. They are becoming less popular.B. They are making education more interactive.C. They are only useful for certain subjects.13. What is one of the challenges mentioned in the article?A. The cost of digital tools.B. The lack of training for educators.C. The resistance to change from traditional methods.14. What is the overall tone of the article?A. CriticalB. OptimisticC. Neutral答案：11. B 12. B 13. B 14. B写作部分：Task 1The chart below shows the percentage of people in a city who used public transport, walked, or drove cars to work in 2010 and 2020.[Chart]Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.Task 2Some people believe that the best way to improve public health is by increasing the number of sports facilities. Others think there are better ways to improve it. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.[Essay]口语部分：Part 11. What do you usually do in your free time?2. Do you prefer to stay at home or go out during your free time?3. Do you think people need to have hobbies? Why?Part 2 & 31. Describe a place you often visit that is important to you.2. Why is this place important to you?3. How often do you go there?4. Do you think this place will change in the future? Why?结束语：以上就是雅思模拟考试的试题及答案，希望能够帮助考生们更好地准备考试。
雅思考试模拟试题含答案
雅思考试模拟试题含答案Section 1: ListeningPart 1: (Questions 1-10)Questions 1-5: Complete the form below.EXAMPLE ANSWER:Name: Sophie Smith1. Purpose of visit: Study English2. Duration of stay: ________ 6 ________ weeks3. Accommodation: Homestay4. Dietary requirements: ________ Vegetarian ________5. Airport transport: ________ Yes ________Part 2: (Questions 11-20)Questions 11-15: Choose the correct letter, A, B, or C.11. What is the main purpose of the talk?A. Discuss the importance of recycling.B. Explain the process of recycling.C. Announce a new recycling program.12. What should people do with plastic bags?A. Put them in the recycling bin.B. Reuse them multiple times.C. Dispose of them in a landfill.13. How long does it take for a plastic bottle to decompose?A. 100 years.B. 500 years.C. 1000 years.14. Why is recycling glass beneficial?A. It reduces greenhouse gas emissions.B. It conserves energy.C. It saves money.15. What happens to recycled paper?A. It is turned into new paper products.B. It can be composted.C. It is used to make cardboard.Part 3: (Questions 21-30)Questions 21-25: Complete the sentences.21. The seminar has been postponed until ________ next month.22. The attendees will receive a ________ containing all the relevant information.23. In the workshop, participants will learn about ________ and its impact on the environment.24. The guest speaker will discuss innovative ________ to reduce waste.25. The conference will conclude with a ________ and Q&A session.Part 4: (Questions 31-40)Questions 31-35: Choose the correct letter, A, B, or C.31. What is responsible for the majority of air pollution in cities?A. Vehicle emissions.B. Industrial activity.C. Burning fossil fuels.32. What is a potential consequence of air pollution on human health?A. Respiratory problems.B. Skin allergies.C. Vitamin deficiency.33. How does air pollution affect the environment?A. It contributes to global warming.B. It leads to deforestation.C. It causes soil erosion.34. Which of the following is NOT a way to reduce air pollution?A. Using public transportation.B. Planting more trees.C. Increasing industrial production.35. What role can individuals play in reducing air pollution?A. Choosing eco-friendly products.B. Voting for environmental policies.C. Donating money to environmental organizations.Section 2: ReadingPart 1: (Questions 41-50)Questions 41-45: Complete the sentences with the correct information.41. The Great Barrier Reef is located off the coast of ________.42. Coral reefs are made up of tiny ________ called polyps.43. ________ are responsible for the vibrant colors of coral reefs.44. Rising sea temperatures can cause coral bleaching due to the loss of ________.45. ________ play a crucial role in maintaining the delicate balance of coral reef ecosystems.Questions 46-50: Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.46. What is the main focus of the passage?A. The impact of climate change on coral reefs.B. The history of the Great Barrier Reef.C. The biodiversity of coral reef ecosystems.D. The importance of conserving coral reefs.47. What does the phrase "a diverse array" mean?A. A limited selection.B. A wide variety.C. A uniform group.D. A single species.48. How does global warming affect coral reefs?A. It causes coral bleaching.B. It stimulates coral growth.C. It increases fish population.D. It enhances coral resilience.49. Which human activities pose a threat to coral reef ecosystems?A. Overfishing and pollution.B. Beach tourism and sunscreen use.C. Marine research and coral farming.D. Oil drilling and deep-sea mining.50. According to the passage, what can individuals do to protect coral reefs?A. Reduce carbon emissions.B. Admire reefs from a distance.C. Limit fishing activities.D. Support coral transplantation projects.Section 3: WritingPart 1: (Task 1)You are given a bar graph below. Write a report describing the information presented.Part 2: (Task 2)Write an essay on the following topic:In today's digital age, some argue that traditional forms of communication, such as letter writing and face-to-face conversations, are fading away in favor of instant messaging and social media interactions. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Provide relevant examples and experiences to support your viewpoint.(Note: The word count for the writing tasks is not included in the 1500-word limit requested in the question prompt.)。
雅思阅读考试巩固试题附答案
雅思阅读考试巩固试题附答案无知是智慧的黑夜，没有月亮、没有星星的黑夜。
以下是小编为大家搜索整理雅思阅读考试巩固试题附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生!Changes in AirAA federal ban on ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), to conform with the Clean Air Act, is, ironically, affecting 22.9 million people in the U.S. who suffer from asthma, Genetic inhaled albuterol, which is the most commonly prescribed short-acting asthma medication and requires CFCs to propel it into the lungs, will no longer be legally sold after December 31, 2008. Physicians and patients are questioning thewisdom of the ban, which will have an insignificant effect on ozone but a measurable impact on wallets: the reformulated brand-name alternatives can be three times as expensive, raising the cost to about $40 per inhaler. The issue is even more disconcerting considering that asthma disproportionately affects the poor and that according to recent surveys, an estimated 20 percent of asthma patients are uninsured.BThe decision to make the change was political, not medical or scientific, says pharmacist Leslie Hendeles of the University of Florida, who co-authored a 2007 paper in the New England Journal of Medicine explaining the withdrawal and transition. In 1987 Congress signed on to the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer, an international treaty requiring the phasing out of all nonessential uses of CFCs. At that time, medical inhalers were considered an essential use because no viable alternative propellant existed. In 1989 pharmaceutical companies banded together and eventually, in 1996, reformulated albuterol with hydrofluoroalkane.CThe transition began quietly, but as more patients see their prescriptions change and costs go up, many question why this bail must begin before generics become available. At least one member of the FDA advisory committee, Nicholas J. Gross of the Stritch-Loyola School of Medicine, has publicly regretted the decision, recanting his support and requesting that the ban be pushed back until 2010, when the first patent expires.DGross notes that the decision had nothing to do with the environment Albuterol inhalers contributed less than 0.1 percent of the CFCs released when the treaty was signed. Lt's a symbolic issue Gross remarks. Some skeptics instead point to the billions of dollars to be gained by the three companies holding the patents on the available HFA-albuterol inhalers, namely Glaxo-SmithKline, Schering-Plough and Teva. Althoughthe FDA advisory committee recognized that the expenses would go up, Hendeles says, it also believed that the companies would help defray the added costs for individuals, Firms, for instance, had committed to donating a million HFA inhalers to clinics around the country. According to Hendeles, GlaxoSmithKline did not follow through, although Schering-Plough and Teva did. GlaxoSmithKline did not respond to requests for comment.EThe issue now, Hendeles says, is that pharmaceutical-grade CFCs are in short supply, and the public faces the risk of a shortage of albuterol inhalers if the FDA does not continue promoting the production of HFA inhalers. He posits that even costs of generics would go up as CFCs become scarcer. Gross disagrees, saying that the inhaler shortage and the closure of CFC manufacturing plants are a result of the ban.FThe HFA inhalers also have encountered resistance because some asthmatics insist that they do not work as well as the CFC variety. But, Hendeles says, the differences are in the mechanics and maintenance—unlike CFC inhalers, the HFA versions must be primed more diligently and rinsed to accommodate the stickier HFA formulation. They also run out suddenly without the warning with a CFC inhaler, that the device is running low. Pharmacists may not tell people of these things, and the doctors don't know, Hendeles says.GThe main public health issue in this decision may be the side effects of the economics, not the drug chemistry. Multiple studies have shown that raising costs leads to poorer adherence to treatment. One study discovered that patients took 30 percent less amtiasthma medication when their co-pay doubled. In the ease of a chronic disease such as asthma, it is particularly difficult to get people to follow regular treatment plans. Generally speaking, for any reason you don’t take medication, cost makes it more likely” that you do not, comments MichaelChernew, a health policy expert at Harvard Medical School.HSuch choices to forgo medication could affect more than just the patients themselves. For example, Hendeles points out, in a pregnant mother with untreated asthma, less oxygen is delivered to the fetus, which can lead to congenital problems and premature birth. And considering that the disease disproportionately strikes the poor, what seemed to be a good, responsible environmental decision might in the end exact an unexpected human toll.Question 14-18Use the information in the passage to match the people (listed A-C) with opinions or deeds below. Write the appropriate letters A-C in boxes 14-18 on your answer sheet.NB you may use any letter more than onceA Nicholas J. GrossB Michael ChernewC Leslie Hendeles14. Put forward that the increase in the price of drugs would contribute to the patients' negative decision on the treatment.15. Spoke out a secret that the druggists try to hold back.16. Pointed out that the protocol itself is not concerning the environment.17. Demonstrated that the stop of providing alternatives for CFCs would worsen rather than help with the situation.18. In public repented of his previous backing up of the prohibition proposal.Question 19-22Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage?In boxes 19-22 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement is trueFALSE if the statement is falseNOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage19. It took almost a decade before the replacement drug for the asthma therapy was ultimately developed by the joint effort of several drug companies.20. One of the FDA committee members had a decisive impact on the implement of the ban on chlorofluorocarbons.21. As a matter of fact, the emitted chlorofluorocarbons in asthma treatment took up quite an insignificant amount at the time when the pact was reached.22. The HFA and CFC inhalers have something different regardingthe therapeutic effect.Question 23-27Complete the following summary of the paragraphs of Reading Passage, using No More than Three words from the Reading Passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 23-27 on your answer sheet.American people with asthma would be impacted by...23...about chlorofluorocarbons which would consume the ozone layer. The usually used...24...would be considered illegal because it needs the propelment of...25.... The...26...would cost the patients considerably more money. Impoverished people are far more likely to Suffer from asthma and what makes it even worse is that some of them are in...27...condition.。
雅思考试模拟试题及答案解析(5)
A.a portal
B.a new world of education
C.a different time period
第26题
Step 1 Find 'Portal 8 ' on campus on Open Day
↓
Step 2 Be photographed stepping through the Portal
↓
Step 3 Give contact 9(name & email address)
↓
Step 4 Visit the University Facebook page and vote
iv. Video gaming a risky business
v. A novel method of dual marketing ruled out
vi. Freebie marketing restricted to legal goods
vii. Buyer ingenuity may lead to bankruptcy
List of Headings
i. No give-aways for addictive products
ii. Sales of razor blades increase astronomically
iii. Monopoly of consumables is vital for success
viii. A marketing innovation
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2019 年雅思考试巩固预测试题及答案Sun's fickle heart may leave us cold25 January 2007From New Scientist Print Edition.Stuart Clark1 There's a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star's core.2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations inthe sun's interior. According to the standard view, the temperature of the sun's core is held constant by theopposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However, Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005, Grandpierre and a collaborator,Gábor Ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.4 Ehrlich's model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each other out, some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun's core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth's ice ages ： for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that, they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit, known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth's orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100,000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives, triggering the ice ages. However, a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the iceages changed frequency a million years ago.7 "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," says Neil Edwards, a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes, UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claimthat the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.8 However, Edwards believes the small changes in solarheating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example, if sea ice beginsto form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part ofthe carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.9 According to Edwards, there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you add their effects together, there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work," he says. "The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. "Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation," he says. "Ican't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see where weare in the temperature oscillation."10 Ehrlich concedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on the sun, I can't think of one that is practical," he says.That's because variation over 41,000 to 100,000 years is too gradual to be observed. However, there may be away to test it in other stars ： red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller than that of the sun, and so Ehrlich believesthat the oscillation periods could be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.11 Nigel Weiss, a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge, is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible". Ehrlich counters that Weiss's opinion is based on the standard solar model, which fails to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature fluctuations.(716 words)Questions 1-4Complete each of the following statements with One orTwo names of the scientists from the box below.Write the appropriate letters A-E in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.A. Attila GrandpierreB.G ábor ÁgostonC.Neil EdwardsD.Nigel WeissE.Robert Ehrlich1. ...claims there 抯 a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall in periods as long as those between ice ages on Earth.2. ...calculated that the internal solar magnetic fieldscould produce instabilities in the solar plasma.3. ...holds that Milankovitch cycles can induce changes in solar heating on Earth and the changes are amplified on Earth.4. ...doesn't believe in Ehrlich's viewpoints at all.Questions 5-9Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?In boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet writeTRUE if the statement is true according to the passage FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage5.The ice ages changed frequency from 100,000 to 41,000 years a million years ago.6.The sole problem that the Milankovitch theory can not solve is to explain why the ice age frequency should shift from one to another.7.Carbon dioxide can be locked artificially into sea ice to eliminate the greenhouse effect.8.Some scientists are not ready to give up the Milankovitch theory though they haven't figured out which mechanisms amplify the changes in solar heating.9.Both Edwards and Ehrlich believe that there is nopractical way to test when the solar temperature oscillation begins and when ends.Questions 10-14Complete the notes below.Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet.The standard view assumes that the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusions hold the temperature ...10...inthe sun's interior, but the slight changes in theearth's ...11... alter the temperature on the earth and causeice ages every 100,000 years. A British scientist, however, challenges this view by claiming that the internal solar magnetic ...12... can induce the temperature oscillations inthe sun's interior. The sun's core temperature oscillates around its average temperature in ...13... lasting either100,000 or 41,000 years. And the ...14... interactions withinthe sun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other, which explains why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.Answer keys and explanations：1. ESee the sentences in paragraph 1(There's a dimmer switchinside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall ontimescales of around 100,000 years - exactly the sameperiod as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicistwho has created a computer model of our star's core.) andpara.2 (Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in thesun's interior.)2. A BSee para.3 ： ?i style='mso-bidi-font-style：normal'>Grandpierre and a collaborator, Gábor Ágoston, calculated that magnetic fields in the sun's corecould produce small instabilities in the solar plasma.3. CSee para.8 ： Edwards believes the small changes in solarheating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth.4. DSee para.11 ： Nigel Weiss, a solar physicist at theUniversity of Cambridge, is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich's claims as "utterly implausible".5. FalseSee para.5 ： for the past million years, ice ages have occurred roughly every 100,000 years. Before that,they occurred roughly every 41,000 years.6. FalseSee para.7 ： "In Milankovitch, there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another," ...Nor is the transition problem the only one theMilankovitch theory faces.7. Not GivenSee para.8 ： if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling, carbon dioxide?is locked into the ice. That weakensthe greenhouse effect. (The passage doesn 抰 mention anything about locking Co2 into ice artificially.)8. TrueSee para.9 ： there is no lack of such mechanisms. "If you addtheir effects together, there is more than enough feedback tomake Milankovitch work,"?"The problem now is identifyingwhich mechanisms are at work." This is why scientists likeEdwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory.9. TrueSee the sentences in para.9 (According to Edwards, 卙e says. "I can't see any way of testing [Ehrlich's] idea to see wherewe are in the temperature oscillation.") and para.10 (Ehrlichconcedes this. "If there is a way to test this theory on thesun, I can't think of one that is practical).10. constantSee para.2 ： According to the standard view, the temperatureof the sun's core is held constant by the opposing pressures ofgravity and nuclear fusion.11. orbitSee para.6 ： Most scientists believe that the ice ages arethe result of subtle changes in Earth's orbit,匛arth's orbitgradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse andback again roughly every 100,000 years.12. instabilitiesSee para.3 ： ?i style='mso-bidi-font-style：normal'>magnetic fields in the sun's core could produce small instabilities inthe solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.13. cyclesSee para.4 ：⋯allow the sun's core temperature to oscillatearound its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100,000 or 41,000 years.14. randomSee para.4 ： Ehrlich says that random interactions within thesun's magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cyclelength to the other.(By HE Xiao)。