it作形式主语与形式宾语
英语语法it形式主语和形式宾语ppt课件
1 it 代替不定式(短语) 当不定式(短语)在复合宾语结构中作某些动词(如think, make, find,
consider, feel, suppose等)的宾语时。
I find it pleasant to work with him. They felt it my honor to be invited to speak here.
It
6.(改错)That felt funny watching myself on TV.
It
17
Summary
it
①It is+adj for/of sb+to do sth
作 代替不定式 ②It is+n+to do sth
为
③It takes/took sb+sth+to do sth
形
代替动名词 It is+no use/good/useless/pleasure/a wa
3
? It is frightening to go climbing with him. to go climbing with him 是真正的主语
To go climbing with him is frightening.
通常it作为形式主语,在句中没有实 际意义,只是满足语法需要,起到 一个平衡句子结构,避免句子头重 脚轻的作用。
11
• ⑥ It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth. •这是一个表示“(某人)花多少时间干某事”的 句型,其中it是形式主语,代替后面的不定式 (to do sth.),句型中的sb.也可以省略。
“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解
it作形式主语和形式宾语it既可作人称代词,用来表示动物或无生命的物体等,也可以作无人称代词,在句中作主语,表示“时间”、“距离”、“天气”等。
它还可以引导强调句,使语气得以加强。
此外,it在句中能作引导词,充当句子中的形式上的成分,如形式主语、形式宾语等。
㈠it作形式主语:it作形式主语时没有具体的意义,而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去,使句子显得平稳一些。
it作形式主语时,可以代替三种形式:不定式、动名词和主语从句。
1. it代替不定式短语常用于下列句型中:It + be +形容词+ (for/of sb.) to do sth.It + be + 名词+ to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干…花了某人…时间It’s up to sb. to do sth. 干…是某人的职责或义务如:①It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.遵守法律是每个人的义务。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to obey the law)②It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.对于一个外国人来说,学习汉语是困难的。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to learn Chinese)③It is not right to use these places as rubbish dumps.把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to use these places as rubbish dumps)④It took them a year to build the bridge.建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to build the bridge)⑤It is bad manners to stare at people.瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。
it作形式主语和形式宾语
I think it difficult to learn written Chinese.
5. It happened that
It happened that I had no money on me.
6. It makes no difference / doesn’t matter to sb. + wh-从句
It won’t make much difference to me which side may win or lose.
It is a pity that he is not able to join us.
2. It is no good/use/harm doing sth. It is no use making any complaints about it. It is no good talking to him.
It 作形式主语 1)It is +adj./ n. + (for / of sb.) to do sth.
that 从句 It is wrong of you to say anything like that in
that occasion. It is easy for him to lose temper.
I consider it a shame that we have lost the game.
用以上2个句型造句. 1.我认为他几乎每晚都出去散步是很奇怪的.
高中英语课件-it作形式主语及形式宾语句型
I would appreciate +it +if… 注意:表好恶的动词不能直接接宾语从句,
需要在从句前加上形式宾语it。
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
it的固定用法
When it comes to.... 当谈到…;
take it for granted that... 认为…理所当然
It is a fact(a pity, a shame, an honour,no wonder) +that从句 注:It is no good (use ) doing sth.(动名词短语做真正主语)
做某事是没益处(没有用的)的
注:区分常见的there be固定句型
There is no doubt that 毫无疑问 There is no need to do 没有必要 There is no point doing sth 做某事无意义
depend on it that...某人相信...
see to it that... 务必,保证
Let it be/go.
顺其自然;
That’s it. Make it. Get it.
对了,正是; 成功了; 懂了
一. it 用作形式主语 (1) It is+ adj. + that从句/to do sth
① It is clear, obvious,true,possible,certain.... that .....
“....是清楚(显然,真的,肯定)的” ② It is necessary, important, strange, natural.... that .....
“It”作形式主语和形式宾语用法详解
新希望英语语法精讲——-———“It"作形式主语和形式宾语“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It作形式主语和形式宾语用法,是英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
无论是单项选择,还是完行填空,it 用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。
现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法,进行如下归纳分析,以供学习参考。
一、It 用作形式主语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。
) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的.)〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定。
)〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型:①It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….e。
g。
It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要.)It is useless crying over the spilt milk。
(覆水难收。
)It was really surprising that she married a man like that。
(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)②It + be +名词词组+ doing / that …。
e。
g。
It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday。
it作形式主语和形式宾语
it既可作人称代词,用来表示动物或无生命的物体等,也可以作无人称代词,在句中作主语,表示“时间”、“距离”、“天气”等。
它还可以引导强调句,使语气得以加强。
此外,it在句中能作引导词,充当句子中的形式上的成分,如形式主语、形式宾语等。
㈠it作形式主语:it作形式主语时没有具体的意义,而只是帮助把真正的主语移到句子后部去,使句子显得平稳一些。
it作形式主语时,可以代替三种形式:不定式、动名词和主语从句。
⒈it代替不定式短语常用于下列句型中:It + be +形容词+ (for/of sb.) to do sth.It + be + 名词+ to do sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth. 干…花了某人…时间It’s up to sb. to do sth. 干…是某人的职责或义务如:①It is everyone’s duty to obey the law.遵守法律是每个人的义务。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to obey the law)②It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.对于一个外国人来说,学习汉语是困难的。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to learn Chinese)③It is not right to use these places as rubbish dumps.把这些地方用来倒垃圾是不对的。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to use these places as rubbish dumps)④It took them a year to build the bridge. 建这座桥花了他们一年的时间。
(it作形式主语, 代替不定式短语to build the bridge)⑤It is bad manners to stare at people.瞪着眼睛看人是不礼貌的。
It作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解
新希望英语语法精讲------"It〞作形式主语和形式宾语"It〞作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It作形式主语和形式宾语用法,是英语学习的主要语法工程之一。
无论是单项选择,还是完行填空,it 用法始终是反复考察的重、热点之一。
现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法,进展如下归纳分析,以供学习参考。
一、 It 用作形式主语当不定式〔短语〕、动名词〔短语〕或从句在*个句子中作主语时,为保持句子构造前后平衡,防止头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。
) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。
) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will e. (谁要来还不确定。
) 〔It为who will e的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型:① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。
)It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。
)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that….e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday. (你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解
新希望英语语法精讲-————-“It”作形式主语和形式宾语“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It作形式主语和形式宾语用法,是英语学习的主要语法项目之一.无论是单项选择,还是完行填空,it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一.现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法,进行如下归纳分析,以供学习参考.一、It 用作形式主语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义.e。
g。
It is wrong to tell a lie。
(说谎是错误的。
)〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。
)〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定.)〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型:①It + be + 形容词+ to do sth。
/ doing / that ….e。
g. It is very important to learn a foreign language。
(学一门外语非常重要.)It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收.)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)②It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday。
It作形式主语和形式宾语
It作形式主语和形式宾语,虽然是我们高中就学过的语法点,但在考研英语题型中,无论是在阅读还是翻译,常会考查该知识点。
一、it作形式主语。
英语中不定式、动名词、主语从句在作主语时主语往往显得很长,使整个句子看上去有点头重脚轻,这样就借助“it”来作形式上的主语,而把真正的主语移到句子后边去,使全句结构上前后平衡。
“it”并无实际意义。
It之后的谓语部分,可以是be+形容词,be+名词(词组),或be+过去分词等。
1.不定式做真正主语例句1:If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. (2002 Text1)【结构分析】本句包含由and连接两个并列分句。
第一个分句主干为you will be in a position,不定式to know the experiences and problems 做定语,修饰position,其中which引导定语从句,修饰the experiences and problems。
第二个分句为it’ll be appropriate for you to …,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式to make a passing remark about…。
【参考译文】如果你是你谈话听众中的一员,你就能够了解你们所共有的经历和问题,而且你也可对餐厅极难吃的食物或者领导在选择领带方面差劲的品味进行评头论足。
“It”作形式主语和形式宾语用法详解
新希望英语语法精讲------“It”作形式主语和形式宾语“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It作形式主语和形式宾语用法,是英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
无论是单项选择,还是完行填空,it 用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。
现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法,进行如下归纳分析,以供学习参考。
一、It 用作形式主语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。
) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。
) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定。
) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型:①It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。
)It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。
)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)②It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday. (你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
it作形式主语和宾语的几种结构
B. 动词+ it + that从句。常见于like, take, have, put等少数动词之后(it相当于that从句的同位语)。
I take it that they will succeed sooner or later.
我认为他们迟早会成功的。
The newspapers have it that some Japanese firms have gone bankrupt.
(他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。)
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
(我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。)
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.
(他立志决不向别人借钱。)
(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)
It took him fourteen hours to go to New Zealand from Shanghai by plane.
(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。)
How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train?
(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries in the world.
(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。)
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004 tsunami.
it英语单词
it英语单词"it"是一个常用的英语代词,用于指代物体、动物或事物的性质、状态或情况。
以下是一些常见的用法:1.作主语:It is raining.(正在下雨。
)It is important to exercise regularly.(定期锻炼很重要。
)2.作宾语:I saw it at the store.(我在商店看到了它。
)Can you pass me the salt?I need it for the recipe.(你能给我递一下盐吗?我需要用来做菜。
)3.作形式主语或形式宾语:It is said that he will retire next year.(据说他明年将退休。
)I find it difficult to understand calculus.(我发现理解微积分很难。
)4.用于强调:It was John who broke the vase,not me.(打破花瓶的是约翰,不是我。
)It is I who am responsible for the project.(负责这个项目的是我。
)5.作引导词:It is clear that she doesn't want to come.(很明显,她不想来。
)It seems that they have already left.(看起来他们已经离开了。
)此外,"it"还可以用于表示时间、天气等方面的情况:-What time is it?(现在几点了?)-It is sunny today.(今天阳光明媚。
)请注意,"it"也可以指代婴儿(当性别未知或不重要时):-It's a baby!(这是一个婴儿!)。
it用作形式主语和形式宾语
it用作形式主语和形式宾语一、用作形式主语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时,避免头重脚轻,通常在句首使用形式主语it,而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。
如:It is stupid to do such a thing. 做这种事真蠢。
It’s no good sitting up too late. 熬夜没有好处。
It is necessary that he should be sent there at once. 有必要马上派他到那里去。
注:类似以下句子中的it也可视为形式主语:It happened that the harvest was bad in 1988. 碰巧1988年的收成很不好。
It seems that she is afraid to tell them about it. 似乎她怕将此事告诉他们。
二、用作形式宾语当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。
如:I’ve made it a rule never to hurry. 我已养成凡事从容不迫的习惯。
Do you think it possible to root out crime? 你认为可以根除犯罪吗?He found it difficult to breathe at high altitudes. 他觉得在高空呼吸困难。
注:通常意义的形式宾语主要见于真正宾语为不定式、动名词、从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形,即用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构,但以下两类形式宾语却比较特殊,其后没有宾语补足语:1、由于介词后通常不能直接跟that从句作宾语,有个别特殊结构就在介词后先接it作形式宾语,再跟that从句。
如:You may depend on it that it is true. 你可以相信这是真的。
I can’t answer for it that he will help you. 我不能保证他会帮你。
形式主语
浅谈it作形式主语和形式宾语用法It作形式主语和形式宾语用法,是中学阶段英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
纵观历届高考题,无论是单项选择,还是完行填空,it用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法,进行如下归纳分析,以供学习参考。
一、 It 用作形式主语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie.(说谎是错误的。
) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it.(争吵是没用的。
) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come.(谁要来还不确定。
) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型:① It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language.(学一门外语非常重要。
)It is useless crying over the spilt milk.(覆水难收。
)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)② It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….e.g. It is no good telling lies.(撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
it作形式主语与形式宾语
i t作形式主语与形式宾语形式主语形式主语是动词的一种,它也是,可以把它归类到逻辑主语的第一种(不定式的逻辑主语)。
用作宾语的不定式,用作目的状语的不定式,用作结果状语的不定式都是属于不定式的大概念里面的。
详细用法综述形式主语it作为形式主语的it并无实际语义,只是为满足语法上的需要,避免句子头重脚轻,它代替的是句子的,概括起来会有如下情况:➢句子的逻辑主语为不定式如:It isverykindofyou togive meahandintime.It ismypleasure toaddress themeeting.It wasprettyhardforhim tobringup thechildonhisown.➢句子的逻辑主语为从句如:It sohappened that theticketsweresoldout.It isextremelyobvious that shehasbeenlyingaboutheridentity.It suddenlyoccurredtome that themessagemusthavebeenhiddenbetweenthelayersofthebriefcase.➢句子的逻辑主语为动名词短语这类句子远不如前面两种出现率高,主要在(nogood,waste,useless,nouse,dangerous)等词语的后面用。
如:It isnouse reasoning withhim.It isnogood reading indimlight.作形式主语的代词只能用it,不能用that、this等词。
例如:1)It iseasier tolose friendsthan tomake friends.交朋友难而失去朋友比较容易。
2)It isimportantformodernyoungpeople tomaster atleasttwoforeignlanguages.掌握至少两门外语对于当代年轻人来说是很重要的。
“It”作形式主语和形式宾语地用法详解
新希望英语语法精讲------“It”作形式主语和形式宾语“It”作形式主语和形式宾语的用法详解It作形式主语和形式宾语用法,是英语学习的主要语法项目之一。
无论是单项选择,还是完行填空,it 用法始终是反复考查的重、热点之一。
现将it在特殊句型中作形式主语和形式宾语用法,进行如下归纳分析,以供学习参考。
一、 It 用作形式主语当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时,为保持句子结构前后平衡,避免头重脚轻,因此常用it作形式主语置于句首,而将真正的主语放在句尾。
此时it 只起先行引导作用,本身无词义。
e.g. It is wrong to tell a lie. (说谎是错误的。
) 〔It为to tell a lie的形式主语〕It is no use arguing about it. (争吵是没用的。
) 〔It为arguing about it的形式主语〕It is uncertain who will come. (谁要来还不确定。
) 〔It为who will come的形式主语〕It 作形式主语的常见句型:① It + be + 形容词 + to do sth. / doing / that ….e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。
)It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。
)It was really surprising that she married a man like that.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。
)② It + be +名词词组 + doing / that ….e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。
)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday. (你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
it作形式主语与形式宾语形式主语形式主语是动词不定式的一种,它也是逻辑主语, 可以把它归类到逻辑主语的第一种(不定式的逻辑主语)。
用作宾语的不定式,用作目的状语的不定式,用作结果状语的不定式都是属于不定式的大概念里面的。
详细用法综述形式主语it作为形式主语的it并无实际语义,只是为满足语法上的需要,避免句子头重脚轻,它代替的是句子的逻辑主语,概括起来会有如下情况:➢句子的逻辑主语为不定式如:It is very kind of you to give me a hand in time.It is my pleasure to address the meeting.It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own.➢句子的逻辑主语为从句如:It so happened that the tickets were sold out.It is extremely obvious that she has been lying about her identity.It suddenly occurred to me that the message must have been hidden between the layers of the briefcase.➢句子的逻辑主语为动名词短语这类句子远不如前面两种出现率高,主要在(no good, waste, useless, no use, dangerous)等词语的后面用。
如:It is no use reasoning with him.It is no good reading in dim light.作形式主语的代词只能用it,不能用that、this等词。
例如:1)It is easier to lose friends than to make friends. 交朋友难而失去朋友比较容易。
2)It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. 掌握至少两门外语对于当代年轻人来说是很重要的。
以上两句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
3)It is considered no good reciting without understanding. 不理解的背诵被认为是没有好处的。
4)It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
以上两句中的it是形式主语,真正的主语是V-ing形式。
5)It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 英语作为一门国际语言正日益为人们所接受,这是不争的事实。
(it指代同位语从句)6)It depends on the weather whether we will go. 我们去不去得看天气行事。
(其中的whether 不能换成if,因为if不能引导主语从句。
)以上两句中真正的主语是名词性从句。
it 作形式主语主要用于下列三种情况不定式作真正主语主要用于下列句型:1. It + is/was + adj./n. +to do sth.A. 名词作表语。
主要有a pity, a pleasure, an idea等。
例如:In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it答案为D再如:It is a great pleasure to do this. 这样做多好啊。
It is a good idea to think this way. 这样考虑问题是个好办法。
除be外,其他动词也有跟名词的情况。
例如:It seems a pity to waste the food. 浪费这些食物真可惜。
It requires efforts to master a foreign language. 掌握一门外语需要种种努力。
B. 形容词或形容词短语作表语。
分两种情况:1)下列形容词:kind, good, nice, clever, wrong, right, foolish, wise, unwise, stupid, rude, careless, cruel, brave, naughty, polite, selfish等词作表语时,不定式前常可加一个由of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况。
形容词表示不定式逻辑主语的特征,即形容词用来描述不定式行为者的性格、品行等。
例如:It was foolish of you to leave school. 你中途退学,真是傻瓜。
It was brave of her to speak out in public. 她能当众大声讲话,真勇敢。
这种of sb. to do sth. 句型,of 的宾语可以作句子的主语。
上面两个句子可以改写为:You were foolish to leave school.She was brave to speak out in public.2)其他形容词作表语,常见的形容词有:necessary, hard, important, difficult, easy, possible, common等。
例如:It is necessary to use a short-wave radio to pick up the programmers. 必须用短波收音机才能收到节目。
如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的,可以在不定式前加for + 名词或代词+ to do sth.(for 后的宾语不能作句子的主语)。
名词或代词作不定式的逻辑主语,即表示不定式所指动作的执行者。
在此句型中,形容词只对不定式行为者作某种描述,而不涉及其品行。
例如:It is not hard for one to do a bit of good. 对于一个人来说做点好事并不难。
It is common for leaves to fall from the trees in the fall. 秋天树叶从树上落下是件常事。
需要注意的是:动词不定式作主语,一般情况下用it作形式主语,而把动词不定式(从句)放在后面。
也可以直接用不定式作主语。
例如:It is wrong to tell lies. = To tell lies is wrong. 撒谎是不对的。
但在疑问句和感叹句中,只能用it作形式主语。
例如:Isn't it a good idea to have a walk around? 出去兜一圈难道不是一个好主意吗?What a pleasure it is to work with you! 同你一起工作是多么愉快啊!2. It + v. + to do sth.动词不定式作主语时除动词be以外,动词take, cost, need, require, make, sound, occur 等也可用it作形式主语,而把动词不定式放在后面。
例如:It took us three years to complete the project. 我们花费三年时间才完成了这项工程。
It sounds reasonable to do it this way. 听起来这样做有道理。
It needed hard work to finish the job. 要完成这项工作需要努力地工作。
It didn’t occur to me to ask him to help me. 我根本没想到要找他帮忙。
●动名词作真正主语用于这种形式的是一些特定的形容词和名词。
例如:It was nice meeting you. 见到你真高兴!(分别时用)它与不定式作真正主语的区别在于,动名词说到的动作已经发生。
例如:It is nice to meet you.(刚刚见面时用)it 作形式主语,动名词作真正主语主要用于下列句型:It's +n. /adj. + doing sth.1)下列形容词后常用动名词作真正主语:nice, good, useless, hard, foolish, enjoyable, worthwhile等。
例如:It is nice talking to you. 跟你交谈真是愉快。
It's foolish behaving like that. 这样的表现是很愚蠢的。
It is useless doing that. 那样做没用。
2)下列名词或名词短语作表语时常用动名词作真正主语:use, good, fun, a waste of, job, task 等。
例如:It's a waste of time doing this. 这样做是浪费时间的。
It's no good (use) doing that. 那样做没好处(没用)。
It's an awful job doing this. 做这事真是一件可怕的差事。
It's fun doing this. 做这事真有趣。
It is not an easy task doing this work. 做这工作真非易事。
●名词从句作真正主语用it 作形式主语的结构主要用于下列句型:It +谓语+名词从句(主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)1. It is +名词+从句:这样的名词有a fact, a surprise, an honor(非常荣幸), a pity, common knowledge(常识)等。
例如:It is common knowledge that the full moon brings fair weather. 皓月兆天晴,这是常识。
It is a surprise that you gave such an answer to the question. 你对这个问题作了这样的回答,令人吃惊。
2. It is +形容词+从句:这样的形容词有natural, true, strange, necessary, important, obvious(很明显), certain, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, probable等。