跨文化交际实用教程胡超编著Unit 1
英语跨文化交际实用教程Unit_1
2) Why do you think the Japanese woman wrote, “My husband is not very handsome ”? a) The Japanese woman was trying to tell her American friend that she did not like her husband very much. b) It is uncommon in Japan to compliment one’s husband. c) The Japanese woman didn’t think her husband was handsome, but she liked his personality.
Stereotype Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures
Attitudes towards the Chinese People
Saving Face
Hardworking
Attitudes towards the Chinese People
What Is Culture?
Three Ingredients of Culture
artifacts concepts (beliefs, values, world views…)
behavior
e.g. Whereas money is considered an artifact, then value placed on it is a concept, the actual spending and saving of money is behavior.
Education
跨文化交际实用教程胡超编著Unit 1
We learn to communicate.
II. Culture, Communication, and Intercultural Communication
iii. What Is Intercultural Communication?
i. What is culture?
4. Characteristics of Culture
1) Culture is shared. 2) Culture is not innate, it is learned. 3) Culture is based on symbols. 4) Culture is an integrated system. 5) Culture is dynamic.
1. Intercultural Communication Intercultural Communication means communication between people from different cultural backgrounds.
2.Model of Intercultural Communication
Comment
In the West, there is a value placed in
being young that many people consciously, or subconsciously, are not willing to accept that they are growing old.
6) Culture is ethnocentric[,eθnəu'sentrik]
跨文化交际实用教程unit1重点词汇及问题
跨文化交际实用教程unit1重点词汇及问题Unit 1第一单元需要掌握的术语：Global village:All the different parts of the world form one community linked together by electronic communications, especially the Internet.Melting pot:a socio-cultural assimilation of people of different backgrounds and nationalities.Cultural Diversity: refers to the mix of cultures and sub-cultures of a group or organization or region.Intercultural communication: communication between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event. Culture: a learned set of shared interpretations about beliefs, values, and norms, which affect the behavior of a relatively large group of people.Encul turation: all the activities of learning one’s culture are called enculturation. Acculturation: the process which adopts the changes brought about by another culture and develops an increased similarity between the two cultures. Ethnocentrism: the belief that your own cultural background is superior.SourceThe source is the person with an idea he or she desires to communicate.EncodingEncoding is the process of putting an idea into a symbol.MessageThe term message identifies the encoded thought. Encoding is the process, the verb; the message is the resulting object.ChannelThe term channel is used technically to refer to the means by which the encoded message is transmitted. The channel or medium, then, may be print, electronic, or the light and sound waves of the face-to-face communication.NoiseThe term noise technically refers to anything that distorts the message the source encodes.ReceiverThe receiver is the person who attends to the message.DecodingDecoding is the opposite process of encoding and just as much an active process. The receiver is actively involved in the communication process by assigning meaning to the symbols received.Receiver responseReceiver response refers to anything the receiver does after having attended to and decoded the message.（信息接受者在收到并解码/理解信息之后所作出的反应）FeedbackFeedback refers to that portion of the receiver response of which the source has knowledge and to which the source attends and assigns meaning.（信息接受者所作出的反应中能让信息发送者收到并理解的那一部分）ContextGenerally, context can be defined as the environment in which the communication takes place and which helps define the communication.五、简答和案例分析1. What are the four trends that lead to the development of the global village?The four trends that lead to the development of global village are:1) Convenient transportation systems;2) Innovative communication systems;3) Economic globalization;4) Widespread migration(p.8-9)2. What are the three aspects where the cultural differences exist?The three aspects where the cultural differences exist are:1) the material and spiritual products people produce2) what they do 3) what they think3. What are the three ingredients of culture?The three ingredients of culture are:1) artifacts 2) behavior3) concepts (beliefs, values, world views…)4. How to understand cultural iceberg?Just as an iceberg which has a visible section above the waterline and a larger invisible section below the waterline, culture has some aspects that are observable and others that can only be suspected and imagined. Also like an iceberg, the part of culture that is visible is only a small part of a much bigger whole. It is said nine-tenth of culture is below the surface. (pg. 7)5. What are the characteristic of culture?1) Culture is shared,2) Culture is learned,3) Culture is dynamic,4) Culture is ethnocentric.6. What are the characteristic of communication?1) Communication is dynamic2) Communication is irreversible3) Communication is symbolic4) Communication is systematic5) Communication is transactional. (pg. 8)6) Communication is contextual. (pg. 8)7. How is Chinese addressing different from American addressing?1) In China, the use of given names is limited to husband and wife, very close friends, juniors by elders or superiors, while more English-speaking people address others by using the first name, even when people meet for the first time.2) Chinese often extend kinship terms to people not related by blood or marriage. These terms are used after the surname to show politeness and respect. (pg. 23), but The English equivalents of the above kinship terms are not so used.3) In Chinese, people use a person’s title, office, or profession in addressing people. In English, only a few occupations or titles are used .8. How is the Chinese writing style different from the American style?1) Some oriental writing…is marked by what may be called an approach by indirection. In this kind of writing, the development of the paragraph may be said to be ‘turning and turning in a widening gyre.’The circles or gyres turn around the subject and show it from a variety of tangential views, but the subject is never looked at directly. Things are developed in terms of what they are not, rather than in terms of what they are.”2) An English paragraph usually begins with a topic statement, and then, by a series of subdivisions of that topic statement, each supported by example and illustrations,proceeds, to develop that central idea and relate that idea to all other ideas in the whole essay, and to employ that idea in it proper relationship with the other ideas, to prove something, or perhaps to argue something.”9. What are the different features of M-time and P-time?回答时注意：Monochronic 和Polychronic 两项都要列举几条，八条不用都回答上，但是第一条一定要回答上。
跨文化交际unit 1 课件
Introduction to the Course▪1. Aim of the course: understand the cultural differences; communicate more effectively with people from other cultures▪2. Importance of the course:▪a. important for improving general cultural awareness▪b. can be applied in the training of business executive and technicians▪c. training of new immigrants and foreign students▪d. important in foreign language teaching and learning▪3. Way of learning: a. lecture; b. discussion;▪ c. research▪4. Assessment: 70% for final examination▪15% for PPT demonstration or research paper（>800 words）▪15% for class participation and attendance (AQs>3 times)▪5. Textbooks▪Language and Culture 刘润清邓炎昌外语教学与研究出版社▪Intercultural Communication 胡超编著外语教学与研究出版社▪《跨文化交际学概论》胡文仲著外语教学与研究出版社▪Intercultural Communication in Business 王维波，车丽娟主编外语教学与研究出版社Case Study 1▪In China:▪Xiao Li(an interpreter): Y ou must be very tired. Y ou’re old…▪Catherine(a n elderly American lady): Oh, I’m NOT old, and I’m NOT tired.▪In the West:▪A: How are you doing now? Would you like to rest?▪B: No, not a bit.Case Study 2▪In China, it is common to turn on the TV when visitors come to your home. Why?▪The intent is to be sure that your visitors are properly entertained.▪This is a case where the opposite is true in the United States.▪If a person or a family is watching the TV when visitors arrive, it is expected that the TV be turned off (or at least the sound turned dow n) immediately so that one’s full attention may be given to the visitors.Suggested topics for presentation▪1. Watch the movie 《刮痧》and list out the cultural conflicts and discuss them.▪2. What are the similarities and differences between Chinese and English table manners?▪3. What are the taboos related to Chinese Spring Festival and English Christmas?4. Find a copy of English menu and explain it to the class.▪5. Role-play a job interview with your partner.▪6. Compare English and Chinese humor.Unit One IC, Culture, Language and CommunicationUnit 1 Intercultural Communication1.1 Definition of intercultural communication▪It refers to the communication between different cultural backgrounds.▪a phenomenon (跨文化交际) –universal, long existed▪a discipline（跨文化交际学）--first started in the United States. 1959, Edward Hall ―The Silend Language‖ immigrants, foreign students and tourist multi-national and transnational companies1.2 Components of intercultural communication▪a. International communication:▪e.g. Japanese Prime Minister〈--〉American president (this is the communication between two nations)▪b. interracial communication: e.g. Afro American 〈--〉White American▪c. inter-ethnic communication e.g. Tibetan〈--〉Han (they are from different ethnic groups)▪d. inter-regional communication: e.g. A northerner 〈--〉A Southerner1.3 Reasons for the increased intercultural communication▪1. Mobile means of transport▪2. Easy and convenient communication channel▪3. Globalization of world economy.▪4. Mass migration.1.4 Three contributors to successful intercultural communication▪(1) the positive feeling we possess at the affective level, inc luding affirmation, self-esteem, comfort, trust, and safety;▪(2) the beliefs we bring into the intercultural encounter at the cognitive level, inc luding expectations, stereotypes, uncertainties, and misunderstanding of rules or procedures;▪(3) the actions or skills we possess at the behavioral level, including verbal and nonverbal communication skills in intercultural settings.Section 2. Culture2.1 The importance of adequate knowledge of culture▪1. it is necessary for the survival and existence of human beings as human beings.▪Evidence: (1) Wild boy of A veyon (2) wolf children of India▪Victor of Aveyron (also The Wild Boy of Aveyron) was a boy who apparently lived his entirechildhood naked and alone in the woods before being found wandering the woods in France in 1797. ▪wolf children, also known as wild children, are children who've grown up with minimal human contact, or even none at all. They may have been raised by animals (often wolves) or somehow survived on their own. In some cases, children are confined and denied normal social interaction with other people.3▪2. It is necessary in learning a foreign language. In a way, learning a foreign language is learning a foreign culture. It is significant to get the acquaintance with cultural differences and understanding target culture▪Examples: cases of misunderstandings between people from different culturesCase Study 3▪Here is a story of Litz, a Finnish and her Chinese husband.▪Here is the conversation:Litz: Dick, how long is your mum going to stay?Dick: I don’t know. I haven’t asked her.Litz: Why not ask her?Dick: What do you mean by asking her?Litz: I mean what I said. Just ask her how long she’s going to stay.▪Can you diagnose the problem in the communication?Case Study 4▪Jonathan: Ann, your English is improving.I’m pleased with your wor k.▪Ann: (Looking down) Oh, no. My Englishis not very good.▪J: Why do you say that, Ann? Y ou’redoing very well in class.▪A: No. I am not a good student.Continued:▪J: Ann, you’re making progress in this class.Y ou should be proud of your English.▪A: No, it’s not true. Y ou are a good teacher, butI am not a good student.▪Now predict Jonathan’s feeling.▪J: (He is surprised by her response and wonders why she thinks her English is so bad. He doesn’t know what to say and wonders if he should stop giving her compliments.)Continued:▪Question 1: Where do they come from?▪Question 2: Why did Jonathan feel like that?▪Question 3: If Ann is an American girl, what would she respond to Jonathan?Another conversation:▪Jonathan: Ann, your English is improving.I’m pleased with your work.▪Ann: (making eye contact) Thank you. I’ve learneda lot in this course.▪J: Y ou’re doing well and I can really see progress.▪A: I enjoy studying English. I do homework everynight.▪J: I can see that. Keep up the good work.▪A: I’ll try. Y ou are a good teacher. Y ou have helpedme a lot.▪Discussion: Did you ever experience misunderstanding in your communication with a foreigner? Or did you read anything about this? Please describe the situation and analyze the reason.2.2. Different interpretations of culture▪a.我没文化,不识字。
英语跨文化交际实用教程Unit-1(可直接使用).ppt
Never kiss parents
Fake goods everywhere
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Attitudes towards Westerners
Kiss and hug anytime and anywhere
Go Dutch
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Attitudes towards Westerners
3) To identify challenges that arise from these differences in intercultural interactions and learn ways to creatively address them.
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4) To acquire knowledge and develop skills that increase intercultural competence.
Young independent
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A farm family
A photo of Ba Jin’s Family
Insensitive to time
Tending to misunderstand
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Attitudes towards the Chinese People
Obey but not Follow
Being doubtful
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Attitudes towards the Chinese People
Catherine (an elderly American lady): Oh, I’m NOT old, and I’m NOT tired.
英语跨文化交际实用教程Unit1
3. Elements ofents of Culture
artifacts concepts (beliefs, values, world
views…) behavior
e.g. Whereas the money is considered an artifact, then value placed on it is a concept, the actual spending and saving of the money is behavior.
5) Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.
4) Culture is the deposit of knowledge, experience, beliefs, values, actions, attitudes, meanings, hierarchies, religion, notions of time, roles, spatial relations, concepts of the universe, and artifacts acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving(努力,奋斗 ).
(完整word版)跨文化交际实用教程胡超版U1-U8判断题答案及翻译
T 1 As a phenomenon, intercultural communication has existed for thousands of years. However, as a discipline, itshistory is only about fifty years.作为一种现象，跨文化交际已经存在了几千年。
然而，作为一门学科，它的历史只有50年左右。
F 2 Intercultural Communication as a discipline first started in Europe.跨文化交际作为一门学科最早起源于欧洲。
F 3 Culture is a static entity while communication is a dynamic process.文化是一个静态的实体，交流是一个动态的过程。
T4 Culture can be seen as shared knowledge ,what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture.文化可以看作是共享的知识，人们需要知道什么才能在特定的文化中采取适当的行动。
T5 Although cultural stereotype has its limitations (over-generalization),it still contributes to a person ’s cultural cognition.虽然文化刻板印象有其局限性(过度概括)，但它仍然有助于一个人的文化认知。
T 6 In intercultural communication, we should separate one ’s individual character from cultural generalization.在跨文化交际中，我们应该把一个人的个性与文化泛化区分开来。
跨文化交际(全套266P)程胡超版
201ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ-2-16
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Comment
This case clearly shows that translation is an intercultural communication, which requires the translator/ interpreter to possess both English cultural knowledge and language competence.
Japanese man: felt sorry for his own carelessness, still blamed him at home, swearing not to make such a silly mistake again.
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3.People are culturally different
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The western way of showing concern is generally different from the Chinese way.
In China: Xiao Li (an interpreter): You must be very tired. You’re old… Catherine (an elderly American lady): Oh, I’m NOT old, and
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1. Warm-up Case
Please discuss the case in groups and make a comment on it.
A Case: Showing Concern In China: Xiao Li (an interpreter): You must be
跨文化交际(全套课件266P)程胡超版
Westerners are being individualist, being equal and different. It is none of my business.
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6. People are racially different We are Hopo sapiens. Generally, the people in the world are classified into four major races, though not universally accepted. White/Caucasian; Mongoloid/Asian; Negroid/Black; Australoid/Brown
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Comment
What the interpreter said is quite
courteous in China. It means, ―If you are tired, we can take a little rest, since you are getting on in years.‖
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The Objectives
1) To explore cultural self-awareness, other culture awareness and the dynamics that arise in interactions between the two. 2) To understand how communication processes differ among cultures. 3) To identify challenges that arise from these differences in intercultural interactions and learn ways to creatively address them. 4) To acquire knowledge and develop skills that increase intercultural competence. 5) To have an understanding of the meaning of the cultures understood by the westerners and the easterners or the Chinese and Americans.
跨文化交际复习unit 1
三是非语言过程：包括非语言行为、时间的观念及空间 的使用。
Barriers to Intercultural Communication
Assumption of similarities: Ethnocentrism Language differences: Language as a barrier
Globalization
a. (from economic perspective): It is conceived as a process of increasing involvement in international business operations. b. (from sociological perspective): It occurs when the constraints of geography on social and cultural arrangement recede as people around the world become increasingly aware that they are receding.
--- John F. Kennedy
To know another’s language and not his culture is a very way to make a fluent fool of one’s self. We may all be members of the same village, but we are sitting at our own campfires.
Unit 1 An introduction to Intercultural Communication
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A: How are you doing now? Would you like to rest? B: No, not a bit.
I. Warm-up Cases
The way of showing concern is different.
In China statement
In the West question
must
how would
I. Warm-up Cases Questions for discussion: •In your daily life, do you often accept first offer? •If yes, in what situation?
Case 2: A Canadian colleague and I traveled to Guilin with our admirable guide Heping Liu in very hot weather. Sightseeing is a thirsty business. We did not trust the water, and enjoyed excellent beer. We politely offered some to Heping but he refused. We said nothing and drank our beer, while poor Heping watched. On another day, Heping quickly accepted our offer of beer.
The less the cultures are alike,
the more likely the messages will be changed. Misunderstanding in intercultural communication often arises here.
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iv. Exercises
People are different throughout the world, culturally, religiously, ideologically [,aidiə'lɔdʒikali] (思想上；意识形态上) and racially, actually different in almost every aspect. Therefore, we are supposed to know about their differences as much as possible, just for a smooth communication among the Homo sapiens(现代人), the people in the global village. Throughout this course, you will have the opportunity to gain knowledge, skills and attitudes that will increase your intercultural communication competence.
Comment
In the West, there is a value placed in
being young that many people consciously, or subconsciously, are not willing to accept that they are growing old.
I. Warm-up Cases Comment
First offer
Chinese
Westerners
Modest Polite Well-behaved Religious reasons Reformed alcoholic Allergic
Second or third offer
Hale Waihona Puke Why to take Intercultural Communication?
The more similarities two
cultures share, the less influence culture will have on communication. Therefore, the less messages will be changed during communication.
Intercultural Communication
Unit 1 An Introduction
Culture is a Bridge.
Objectives
Learn the purpose of learning the
course. Learn the notions of Culture, Communication and Intercultural Communication. Learn the differences between Chinese and Western cultures
I. Warm-up Cases
Please discuss the cases in groups and
make a comment on it.
Case 1: Showing Concern In China: Xiao Li (an interpreter): You must be very tired. You’re old… Catherine (an elderly American lady): Oh, I’m NOT old, and I’m NOT tired.
1. Match the terms with their definitions
A. culture B. communication C. ethnocentrism D. intercultural communication E. business communication ( C)1. The belief that your own cultural background, including ways of analyzing problems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is superior. (A)2. The total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.
6) Culture is ethnocentric[,eθnəu'sentrik]
(民族中心主义的;种族优越感的) .
7) Culture is adaptive.
II. Culture, Communication, and Intercultural Communication
i. What Is Communication? Communication is a process in which people attempt to share their internal states with other people through the use of symbols.
i. What is culture?
4. Characteristics of Culture
1) Culture is shared. 2) Culture is not innate, it is learned. 3) Culture is based on symbols. 4) Culture is an integrated system. 5) Culture is dynamic.
II. Culture, Communication, and Intercultural Communication
2. The Functions of Communication gather information about others.
help fulfill interpersonal needs.
1. Intercultural Communication Intercultural Communication means communication between people from different cultural backgrounds.
2.Model of Intercultural Communication
The Objectives 1) To explore cultural self-awareness, other culture awareness and the dynamics that arise in interactions between the two. 2) To understand how communication processes differ among cultures. 3) To identify challenges arise from these differences in intercultural interactions and learn ways to creatively address them. To acquire knowledge and develop skills that increase intercultural competence.
II. Culture, Communication, and Intercultural Communication