英语学术论文写作PPTunit7
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学术英语-综合-Unit-7.pptx学术英语-综合-Unit-7
Unit 7
Sociology
Text A Supplementary information
1. Life satisfaction
Life satisfaction is the way a person perceives how his or her life has been, how they feel about and where it is going in the future. It is a measure of well-being and may be assessed in terms of mood, satisfaction with relations with others and with achieved goals, self-concepts, and self-perceived ability to cope with daily life. It is having a favorable attitude of one’s life as a whole rather than their current feelings. Life satisfaction has been measured in relation to economic standing, amount of education, experiences, and the people’s residence as well as many other topics.
学术英语 综合
Academic English — An Integrated Course
Unit 7
Sociology
Unit Contents
Unit objectives
学术英语写作 Unit Seven 终极版
无忧PPT整理发布
Managing Borrowed Material
国际 • Managing Summaries
英语 学术
✓Making certain that you do not unintentionally reproduce the
论文
author’s language.
写作
✓Signaling the beginning and end of a summary.
Putting Words on Paper
国际
英语 • A spell-checker identifies spelling errors, often highlighting
学术 论文
them as .
写作 ·
• You can view several pages at once to check the layout
– Some additional research may be necessary
• Fine-Tuning Your Outline
无忧PPT整理发布
Getting Your Draft on Paper
国际
英语
• 信心 引用
学术 论文
• Opening Gambits（ at least a tentative choice ）
论文 写作
• Finding a Time and a Place to Write
· 第15
• Freewriting
版 • Organizing Your Notes
– the source information (author and page number)
Managing Borrowed Material
国际 • Managing Summaries
英语 学术
✓Making certain that you do not unintentionally reproduce the
论文
author’s language.
写作
✓Signaling the beginning and end of a summary.
Putting Words on Paper
国际
英语 • A spell-checker identifies spelling errors, often highlighting
学术 论文
them as .
写作 ·
• You can view several pages at once to check the layout
– Some additional research may be necessary
• Fine-Tuning Your Outline
无忧PPT整理发布
Getting Your Draft on Paper
国际
英语
• 信心 引用
学术 论文
• Opening Gambits（ at least a tentative choice ）
论文 写作
• Finding a Time and a Place to Write
· 第15
• Freewriting
版 • Organizing Your Notes
– the source information (author and page number)
学术英语(管理)_Unit 7ppt课件
• firm • generic products • branding program • touch point • disconnect
• direct mail
• mailer • point of engagement • inconsistency • company • marketing communication
Unit 7 Brands and Branding
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
key
Lessons drawn from examples
Brand experience should be consistent and controlled by the organization at every point of contact
.
2
Unit 7 Brands and Branding
Several terms
• brand 品牌
•
branding: efforts on creating, mtaoi,ntaaibnrianngd,品a牌nd建a设dding more value
• brand value 品牌价值
• brand equity 品牌资产
Unit 7 Brands and Branding
.
1
Unit 7 Brands and Branding
• Text A
The Importance of Brands
1) Critical thinking and reading of Text A 2) Language building-up
Lessons drawn from examples
学术英语(人文)Unit 7
Unit Contents
• Lead-in • Text A • Text B • Text C • Academic Language and Discourse • Listening • Speaking • Writing
Unit 7 Truth and Objectivity in Historical Research
Suggested answer:
(To be continued)
Unit 7 Truth and Objectivity in Historical Research
Text A
Classroom activities
The Empirical Approach to Historical Research
Unit 7 Truth and Objectivity in Historical Research
Text A
Supplementary information
The Empirical Approach to Historical Research
Work in pairs to compare your answers to the questions in Task 2 / Critical Reading and Thinking / Text A. P130
Unit 7 Truth and Objectivity in Historical Research
Text A
Supplementary information
The Empirical Approach to Historical Research
Third, the epistemic values and religious beliefs are also swing factors. Even Leopold von Ranke, the founder of history as an academic discipline, was under the influence of his religious belief as he maintained that every state was given a moral character from God. The historian may not be aware of personal bias which could well be rooted in his mythic assumptions.
学术英语(管理)-Unit+7(ppt文档)
Activity 4
Lead-in
Which is more important for a brand, the physical attributes or the emotional associations?
UUnniitt 77 BBrraannddss aanndd BBrraannddiinngg
The Importance of Brands
1) Critical thinking and reading of Text A 2) Language building-up
Unit 7 Brands and Branding
Several terms
• brand 品牌
•
branding: efforts and adding more
3. Definition of brand experience (Paragraph 3)
Unit 7 Brands and Branding
Text A
Critics brand?
• Scan the text and underline all sentences beginning with "A brand is..." or "A brand does(or other verbs)..."
Activity 3
Exchange Time
In a group
Go around in turns
Take notes as you listen
Summarize your discussions
Lead-in
UUnniitt 77 BBrraannddss aanndd BBrraannddiinngg
学术英语写作Unit-7-Materials
6
Organization
Arrange experimental details in chronological order or by subsections
Subheading
7
3. Sample Analysis
Read the sample Methodology and write a shorting description of what the writer is doing in each sentence.
If you fail to provide justification for what you did, the reader my not accept the validity of your choice. They may wonder why you did things in a particular way, or why you used a procedure.
2
The title of this section varies in different disciplines and in different journals.
Materials and Methods Procedure Experiments Experimental Simulation Methodology Model
Unit 7 How to Write the Materials and Methods
1
1. Purpose 2. Content and Structure 3. Sample Analysis 4. Grammar and Writing skills 5. Summary 6. Exercises
Organization
Arrange experimental details in chronological order or by subsections
Subheading
7
3. Sample Analysis
Read the sample Methodology and write a shorting description of what the writer is doing in each sentence.
If you fail to provide justification for what you did, the reader my not accept the validity of your choice. They may wonder why you did things in a particular way, or why you used a procedure.
2
The title of this section varies in different disciplines and in different journals.
Materials and Methods Procedure Experiments Experimental Simulation Methodology Model
Unit 7 How to Write the Materials and Methods
1
1. Purpose 2. Content and Structure 3. Sample Analysis 4. Grammar and Writing skills 5. Summary 6. Exercises
英语科技论文写作Unit 7
– To describe what his readers really need to know as brief as possible
– To keep in mind that a process involves several steps which take place in a certain time sequence
Topical Highlights
• Materials Used in the Experiment • Equipment Introduced in the Experiment • Conditions Provided in the Experiment • Special Attention: Variety – variety in sentence structure and sentence opening, essentials to making a paper more readable, avoiding monotony and enabling the author to express him/herself more effectively
Process Undertaken in the Experiment
– A professional has to present to the readers what experiment or experiments he has done and what is the findings in his experiment.
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Unit 7 Textual Development (2)
Topical Highlights
– To keep in mind that a process involves several steps which take place in a certain time sequence
Topical Highlights
• Materials Used in the Experiment • Equipment Introduced in the Experiment • Conditions Provided in the Experiment • Special Attention: Variety – variety in sentence structure and sentence opening, essentials to making a paper more readable, avoiding monotony and enabling the author to express him/herself more effectively
Process Undertaken in the Experiment
– A professional has to present to the readers what experiment or experiments he has done and what is the findings in his experiment.
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Unit 7 Textual Development (2)
Topical Highlights
学术论文写作-Unit7
Unit Seven
II. Sample Reading
2. Answer the following questions based on the sample abstract.
1) How was the study carried out? Using a move structure analysis, four moves were identified to account
purposes of the preface sections.
Unit Seven
II. Sample Reading
2. Answer the following questions based on the sample abstract.
3) What is the use of the findings? These findings could be incorporated into instructional literature for writers wishing to start book projects. These findings may also be helpful for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers in selecting materials for their classrooms based on their external evaluation of academic textbooks.
___e____3) This move structure reflects the textual strategies used by writers to
achieve the rhetorical purposes of the preface sections.
用英语写论文 Unit 7
•
• •
When a research introduces to his experimental process, he should be as brief as possible and describe what his readers really need to know. In no case will he need to provide information on all the points. In order to illustrate his information on any experimental process briefly and purposefully, he must keep in mind the process involves several steps which take place in a certain time sequence aken in the Experiment
• In a research paper, a professional has to present the readers what experiment or experiments he has done and what is the finding in his experiment as well as what particular details or meaningful anecdotes he has encountered in the experimental method, equipments, and materials, his experimental steps and then particular research findings.
• •
When a research introduces to his experimental process, he should be as brief as possible and describe what his readers really need to know. In no case will he need to provide information on all the points. In order to illustrate his information on any experimental process briefly and purposefully, he must keep in mind the process involves several steps which take place in a certain time sequence aken in the Experiment
• In a research paper, a professional has to present the readers what experiment or experiments he has done and what is the finding in his experiment as well as what particular details or meaningful anecdotes he has encountered in the experimental method, equipments, and materials, his experimental steps and then particular research findings.
Unit7 Writing.ppt
The Main Characters
Tom Sawyer Aunt Polly Ben Rogers
This movie is based on Mark Twain’s novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.
Plot:
Aunt Polly wants Tom to paint their fence. However, Tom is lazy. He would prefer to play games. Tom is also quite clever. He pretends that painting the fence is not hard work but fun. He tricks Ben Rogers and other boys in the town into painting the fence for him.
UNIT 7 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
By Mark Twain
Unit 7
A report on a story
Study skillsP110’
Read the tips and then answer the questions.
• What is an outline? It is the general plan of an article. • Why is an outline helpful? It is helpful in organizing one’s thoughts and makes it much easier to write an article. • What do you need to do to make a good outline? First, sum up the topic in one sentence or phrase. Second, brainstorm as many sub-topics as you can with the help of a spidergram. Finally, use different series of numbers and letters to organize your ideas. • Do we need to use complete sentences in an outline? What do we use instead? No, we don’t. Singles words or phrases.
写作教程第2版课件u7
•
• The sample paragraph presents the problem of lack of parking in some of the US cities before it goes on to explore the causes of the issue. This pattern of organization is single effect vs. multiple causes.
精选完整ppt课件
7
• Complete the outline according to the organization of Sample 1:
• Causes
• 1. Over a million cars are abandoned on the streets.
• 2. More cars are consequently being produced.
精选完整ppt课件
15
• As is observed, the writer structures his paragraph mainly around points of effects instead of causes, reasoning along the logical sequence of events. Like Sample 1, transitions are also used here so as to avoid abrupt idea development.
精选完整ppt课件
17
Linking Devices
• Sample • Questions • 1. What topic/topics do the paragraph mainly deal
• The sample paragraph presents the problem of lack of parking in some of the US cities before it goes on to explore the causes of the issue. This pattern of organization is single effect vs. multiple causes.
精选完整ppt课件
7
• Complete the outline according to the organization of Sample 1:
• Causes
• 1. Over a million cars are abandoned on the streets.
• 2. More cars are consequently being produced.
精选完整ppt课件
15
• As is observed, the writer structures his paragraph mainly around points of effects instead of causes, reasoning along the logical sequence of events. Like Sample 1, transitions are also used here so as to avoid abrupt idea development.
精选完整ppt课件
17
Linking Devices
• Sample • Questions • 1. What topic/topics do the paragraph mainly deal
学术英语-医学_Unit 7 PPT课件
Unit 7 Life and Medicine
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Useful expressions
• 护士站 nursing station • 停止使用呼吸机并停药/停止治疗 withdraw life-support machines and medications / treatment • …who was impressive not only for his clinical skills but also for his devotion to patients • …who was impressive not only for his clinical skills but also for his devotion to patients • I told them suffering or comfort — it was their decision. • But in the end, they made no decision and just walked right out of the room
Unit 7 Life and Medicine
Lead-in
Task: Read the title of Text A and imagine three different situations in which doctors may be asked to make “tough decisions” for their patients. Then write them down.
• Decide whether life-support system should be continued or withdrawn; • Decide whether euthanasia should be considered; • Decide whether a new therapy should be tried; • Decide whether surgery should be the first choice or the last resort; • Decide whether transfer or referral is needed.
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An effective abstract usually: 1. uses one or more well developed paragraphs: these are unified, coherent, concise, and able to stand alone; 2. uses an introduction/body/conclusion structure which presents the article, paper, or report’s purpose, results, conclusions, and recommendations in that order; 3. follows strictly the chronology of the article, paper, or report; 4. provides logical connections (or transitions) between the information included; 5. adds no new information, but simply summarizes the report; 6. is understandable to a wide audience;
The above example consists of three paragraphs and is made up of 280 words. It includes such information as purpose, method, scope of the paper (problems addressed), and conclusion. Passive voice (It is argued that ...) is used to downplay the author and emphasize the conclusion.
All of these problems are about blurred boundaries, between and within real world domains of language use, between the test and the nontest situation, and between the components of ability or knowledge measured by the test. It is argued that these blurred
Look at the following sample abstract from Language Testing.
This article takes up some of the issues identified by Douglas (2000) as problematic for Language for Specific Purposes (LSP) testing, making reference to a number of performance-based instruments designed to assess the language proficiency of teachers or intending teachers. The instruments referred to include proficiency tests for teachers of Italian as a foreign language in Australia (Elder, 1994) and for trainee teachers using a foreign language (in this case English) as medium for teaching school subjects such as mathematics and science in Australian secondary schools (Elder, 1993b; Viete, 1998).
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
boundaries are an indication of the indeterminacy of LSP, as currently conceptualised, as an approach to test development (Elder 149).
The first problem addressed in the article has to do with specificity: how does one
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
contains specific information from the paper, includes the purpose, methods, and scope of the paper, and provides the results (findings), conclusions, and recommendations. Unless otherwise directed, researchers should always write informative abstracts.
define the domain of teacher proficiency and is it distinguishable from other areas of professional competence or, indeed, from what is often referred to as “general” language proficiency? The second problem has to do with the vexed issue of authenticity: what constitutes appropriate task design on a teacher-specific instrument and to what extent can “teacher-like” language be elicited from candidates in the very artificial environment of a test? The third issue pertains to the role of nonlanguage factors (such as strategic competence or teaching skills) which may affect a candidat’s response to any appropriately contexutalized test-task and whether these factors can or should be assessed independently of the purely linguistic qualities of the test performance.
7.1 Abstracts
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
The abstract is usually placed before the introduction of a paper, but it is usually the last part of the paper to be written. All other sections of the paper should have been completed before the essential information can be selected and summarized. The abstract is a condensed version of a research paper that highlights the major points covered and provides readers with a brief preview of the content and scope of the writing. It is formal and impersonal.
The abstract is extremely important and useful because most readers start reading a paper from the abstract and they depend on the abstract to decide whether or not they should continue to read the entire paper.
There are two typical types of abstracts: descriptive and informative. A descriptive abstract usually tells readers what information the paper contains, outlines the purpose, methods, and scope of the paper, and introduces the subject. An informative abstract
An abstract, especially one for journal articles, should be as brief and concise but informative as possible. Journal editors usually impose a word limit for the abstract which authors can not exceed. For example, ELT Journal limits the words of an abstract to 100200. Most abstracts of master’s theses are confined to 200 words. In order to shorten an abstract to satisfy such word limit, researchers often focus on only two or three aspects, with the emphasis placed on the results of the study. Therefore, information about the
The above example consists of three paragraphs and is made up of 280 words. It includes such information as purpose, method, scope of the paper (problems addressed), and conclusion. Passive voice (It is argued that ...) is used to downplay the author and emphasize the conclusion.
All of these problems are about blurred boundaries, between and within real world domains of language use, between the test and the nontest situation, and between the components of ability or knowledge measured by the test. It is argued that these blurred
Look at the following sample abstract from Language Testing.
This article takes up some of the issues identified by Douglas (2000) as problematic for Language for Specific Purposes (LSP) testing, making reference to a number of performance-based instruments designed to assess the language proficiency of teachers or intending teachers. The instruments referred to include proficiency tests for teachers of Italian as a foreign language in Australia (Elder, 1994) and for trainee teachers using a foreign language (in this case English) as medium for teaching school subjects such as mathematics and science in Australian secondary schools (Elder, 1993b; Viete, 1998).
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
boundaries are an indication of the indeterminacy of LSP, as currently conceptualised, as an approach to test development (Elder 149).
The first problem addressed in the article has to do with specificity: how does one
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
contains specific information from the paper, includes the purpose, methods, and scope of the paper, and provides the results (findings), conclusions, and recommendations. Unless otherwise directed, researchers should always write informative abstracts.
define the domain of teacher proficiency and is it distinguishable from other areas of professional competence or, indeed, from what is often referred to as “general” language proficiency? The second problem has to do with the vexed issue of authenticity: what constitutes appropriate task design on a teacher-specific instrument and to what extent can “teacher-like” language be elicited from candidates in the very artificial environment of a test? The third issue pertains to the role of nonlanguage factors (such as strategic competence or teaching skills) which may affect a candidat’s response to any appropriately contexutalized test-task and whether these factors can or should be assessed independently of the purely linguistic qualities of the test performance.
7.1 Abstracts
7.1 Abstracts
How to Write a Dissertation in English
Con 7.1 7.2 7.3 Q
The abstract is usually placed before the introduction of a paper, but it is usually the last part of the paper to be written. All other sections of the paper should have been completed before the essential information can be selected and summarized. The abstract is a condensed version of a research paper that highlights the major points covered and provides readers with a brief preview of the content and scope of the writing. It is formal and impersonal.
The abstract is extremely important and useful because most readers start reading a paper from the abstract and they depend on the abstract to decide whether or not they should continue to read the entire paper.
There are two typical types of abstracts: descriptive and informative. A descriptive abstract usually tells readers what information the paper contains, outlines the purpose, methods, and scope of the paper, and introduces the subject. An informative abstract
An abstract, especially one for journal articles, should be as brief and concise but informative as possible. Journal editors usually impose a word limit for the abstract which authors can not exceed. For example, ELT Journal limits the words of an abstract to 100200. Most abstracts of master’s theses are confined to 200 words. In order to shorten an abstract to satisfy such word limit, researchers often focus on only two or three aspects, with the emphasis placed on the results of the study. Therefore, information about the