中考英语复习专题15：定语从句

中考四轮复习第一轮专题15：定语从句【复习目标】▲掌握定语从句的意义及作用。

▲区别各类引导词。

【课前准备】●要求学生用定语从句造五个句子。

【知识要点】在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。

1.由who引导的定语从句中， who用作主语，如： This is the boy who often helps me.2.由whom引导的定语从句中，whom用作宾语，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3.由whose引导的定语从句中， whose用作定语，如： Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?4.由which引导的定语从句中，which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语，如：The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want.注意：(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时，介词可放在 whom、which之前，也可放在从句原来的位置上；但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。

如： He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which，不用that,如：I have lost my bag, which I like very much.(3)关系代词在句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。

5.由that引导的定语从句中，that可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语，但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语，如：The book that I bought yesterday was written b y Lu Xun.注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。

(1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等，如：All that we have to do is to practise English.(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，如(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰，如I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如He is the only person that I want to talk with.(5)先行词既有人又有物时，如:They talked about persons and things that they met.(6)当句中已有who时，为避免重复，如： Who is the man that is giving us the class?6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句，如:I don't know the reason why he was late.This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.注意：先行词是表示地点时，如果从句的谓语动词是及物的，就用 that(which)，如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的，就用where引导。

This is the house Which /tha t he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。

引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等，这些关系代词都不能省略。

(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有这种从句，不影响主句意思的完整，一般用逗号把主句和从句分开，关系代词用 which,不用that;指人时可用who,如： I have two brothers, who are both students.8．如何简化定语从句（1）.定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。

如:My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。

This is a book that is worth reading.→This is a book worth reading. 这是一本值得看的书。

（2）定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。

The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。

I saw the house that was burning at that time.→I saw the bur ning house at that time.当时我看到那房子在燃烧。

（3）定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。

I like to see the films which are directed by Zhang Yimou.→I like to see the films directed by Zhang Yimou. 我喜欢看张艺谋导演的电影。

She is the girl who was praised at th e school meeting.→She is the girl praised at the school meeting. 她就是在校会上受表彰的那个女孩。

（4）定语从句简化为不定式作后置定语。

He is always the first person that comes to school.→He is always the first person to come to school.他总是第一个到校。

The report which will be given tomorrow is important to us.→The report to be given tomorrow is important to us. 明天要作的报告对我们很重要。

（5）定语从句简化为what 从句。

I couldn't remember the words that he said.→I couldn't remember what he said. 我记不得他说的话。

一、翻译句子This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?Do you remember the day when you joined our club? This is the reason why he came late.This is the reason for which he came late.二、分析一下定语从句：( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1. Check the ways you study for an English test.2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar.3. You couldn’t understand people who talked fast.4. I have some ideas that may help.5. They said something you didn’t like.6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently?7. He would always take pride in everything good I do.8. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.9.What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey?10.If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.11. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries.12. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them.13. All I ever wanted to do was traveling.三、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、whom 、whose1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4. The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5. The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6. The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7. The person ______________ you should write to is Mr. Ball.8. The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.9. Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.10. These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.11. The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12. A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.13. This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.14. A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word.15. The book ____________ is on the table is mine.16. The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.17. I will never forget the people and the places _____I have ever visited.18. Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing?19. Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.20. The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.1.I've read all the books you gave me.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that2.There isn't much I can do.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.how3.He keeps a record of everything he had seen there.A.heB.thatC.whichD.what4.Tell us about the people and the places are different from ours.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whom5.Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city he had visited in China.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what6.The TV play I watched last night is the best one I have watched this year.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.thatst Sunday they reached Qingdao, a conference was to be held.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where 8.Is this the museum you visited8.the other day?A.thatB.whereC.in whichD.the one9.I began to work in Beijing in the year New China was founded.A.whenB.thatC.whichD.where10.This is the very film I've long wished to see.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom11.There is no difficulty can't be overcome in the world.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what12.Who is the person is standing at the gate of Beijing Tourism Tower?A.whoB.thatC.whichD.whom13.This was the supermarket I bought this kind of tin.A.whereB.thatC.whoD.which 14.The house the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.when15.This is the last time I shall come here to help you.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what。