中石油2016通用英语选读课文20
中石油2016通用英语选读课文
4 How to Negotiate<谈判> with Americans如何与美国人谈判1.美国是一个富有吸引力的市场。
它给世界带来的诸如“股东价值”和“首次公开募股”的商业文化近几年来一直引导着商业思想，并且在未来几年内还将保持。
但是无论是谁，想要在美国取得成功，都必须记住游戏的规则。
2.美国的商业，在《纽约，纽约》这首歌的歌词中是这样描述的：“如果你能在这里取得成功，你就能在别的任何地方取得成功!” 但是愉快的做生意的方法是绝对不够的。
虽然在美国的商业沟通是愉快的和自在的，但是它同时也因为不讲情面而成为焦点。
3.沟通是美国人与生俱来的才能。
双方谈判的时候，闲聊和微笑是很重要的。
美国人比英国人更幽默也更直接。
（that 引导定语从句，可以译为：美国人自由地使用幽默感，这种幽默感比英国人更加直接。
）如果你和美国人谈话，要很放松并且要准备很多笑话来吸引听众的注意力。
4.美国人不拘礼节。
商业伙伴不会在他们的名片上写他们的毕业院校。
会议期间会提供一些用塑料瓶或盒子装的三明治和饮料。
你的生意伙伴很可能会在办公室随意地做一些事情或聊他们的家庭。
5.“时间就是金钱”这种态度在美国的生意场上的影响力比其他任何领域都强。
在简单的寒暄之后，美国谈判双方很快地切入主题，甚至社会上举办的联欢会都会被利用来讨论生意。
6.美国人做生意很注重实效，他们就是想赢。
相比之下，发展与商业伙伴的个人关系（与得到的谈判结果相比）就不是那么重要了。
7.而且美国谈判者想最快地获得结果。
金融情况时刻受到关注（或直译为“财务业绩每季上报”），这对在短期内保证收益很重要。
因此，许多美国契约在前言里面包含“时间就是生命”这一条款。
所以美国人谈判很性急，但这不应该被理解为无礼，而是因为“时间就是金钱”的理念在起作用。
8.因为战略合作和其他的长期项目都是以其潜在的快速投资回报率来进行评价的，这种态度会对谈判有很大的影响。
(本句也可译为：“时间就是金钱”的这种态度对谈判具有很大的影响，因为，战备合作和其他的长期项目都是以获得快速投资回报的潜能来进行评价的。
2019年版中石油职称英语新增20课.doc
2019年版中石油职称英语新增20课篇一：20XX新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第11-20课_课文精讲中石油职称英语考试20XX版60篇通用选读学习心得（20篇新课文，考过的大题已标出）目录31PETROLEUMGEOLOGYANDOTHERSCIENCES石油地质学与其它科学.错误！未定义书签。
32.THECALIFORNIAGOLDRUSH加利福尼亚淘金热(20XX新版).错误！未定义书签。
33WHATDOPARENTSOWETHEIRCHILDREN 父母欠子女什么？.错误！未定义书签。
34.SHOULDYOUGOORGANIC?你应该“有机”吗？（N20XX新增）错误！未定义书签。
35YOUBETYOURLIFE以命相赌错误！未定义书签。
36.TOBECONTENTWITHONESLOT乐天知命.错误！未定义书签。
37IDIDNTKNOWHOWTOTEACHUNTILIMETYOU直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学错误！未定义书签。
38RESERVOIRPRODUCTIONMECHANISMS油藏开采机理（20XX 新版）.错误！未定义书签。
39A$210,000W ALLET价值21万美元的钱包.错误！未定义书签。
40FUNDAMENTALTECHNIQUESINHANDLINGPEOPLE处理人际关系的基本技巧错误！未定义书签。
11SmokingandCancer吸烟和癌(1970figures).Thisistheequivalentof4,195cigarettes据估计>51%ofAmericanmensmokeparedwith34%ofAmericanwomen.1、美国人每年抽烟60亿支(1970年的统计数字)。
这大致等于每个18岁以上的人一年要吸4195支烟。
据估计，美国有51％的男性吸烟，而女性吸烟的比例则为34％。
2.Since1939,scientificstudiestodeterminewhethersmokingis.hasbeenandin dicatesthatthereisthatsmoking,particularlycigarettesmoking,shortenedlife.2、1939年以来，为了确定抽烟是否有害健康进行了大量的科学研究。
版中石油职称英语新增20课
版中石油职称英语新增20课第一篇范文：2022年版中石油职称英语新增20课013新版选读目录（20篇新课文，考过大题的已标出）1，The Value of Time 时间的价值（新）2, English is a Crazy Language 英语是一种疯狂的语言3, All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的......4, How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判（新）5, Network Security 网络安全（新）6, Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料7，Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车（新）8, Our Family Creed 家族的信条9, The Art of Public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术（06年阅读题）10, Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest Fever 清洁能源行业投资热潮（新）11, Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌（11年阅读题）12, The Positive Meanings of Love 爱的真谛（新）13, Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits?运动有奇效吗？(新）14, Taking chances,Making chances 抓住机遇，制造机遇15, The Province of Alberta 阿尔伯达省16, The American Way: Family 美国人的家庭观（新）17, Computers Give Big Boosts to Productivity 计算机技术极大提高生产效率(新）18, The Principles of International Trade国际贸易原理（新）19, A World without Oil假如世界上没有石油20, The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系21, How Americans Eat and Drink美国人的饮食22, The Delights of South Island南岛之乐23, A Sandpiper to Bring You Joy矶鹞带来快乐24, An Introduction to Distillation蒸馏概述25, Hints to Improve Spoken English提高英语口语须知26，The Moon---Riddle from the Past月球---来自远古之谜（08年阅读题）27，The Delight of Books书之乐趣28, The Magic of Energy能的魔力（07年阅读题）29, How to Reduce Employee Turnover如何减少员工流失（新）30, That “Other Woman" in My Life我生命中的“另一个女人”31, Geography of USA美国地理概况32, The Old Man and the Sea(Excerpt)老人与海（节选）33, Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences石油地质学与其他科学(12年翻译题）34, What do Parents Owe Their Children父母欠子女什么？35，Trends for 21st Century21世纪的趋势（新）36, You Bet Your Life以命相赌37，Radiation and Human Health辐射与人体健康（新）38，To Be Content with One's Lot乐天知命（新）39, I Didn't Know How to Teach until I Met You直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学40, An Introduction to Petrochemicals石油化工产品概述（05年翻译题）41，The Subject of Smiling微笑问题（新）42, A $210,000 Wallet价值21万美元的钱包43，What's Your Best Time of Day?何时是你一天中最佳的时间？（新）44, Fundamental Techniques in Handling People处理人际关系的基本技巧45，Happiness Index幸福指数（新）44, The Versatile Lead Pencil(07版，07年阅读题）46, Becoming Wealthy: It's Up to You致富取决于你自己（04年翻译题）47, Oil 油（06年阅读题）48，Ocean Plant Life in Decline海洋植物数量锐减（新）49，Cultural Taboos文化禁忌（新）50, Managing in a Global Environment在全球环境中进行管理51, Not Quite Ready to Retire退休为时尚早52, Sales Promotion产品促销53, Another Happiness另一种快乐54, Why to Mark a Book为什么要在书上做标记55, Earth's Last Frontier: the Sea海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域56, Why Antarctica is Being Explored为什么要勘探南极洲(11年阅读题）57, Listening Faults聆听的误区(12年阅读题）58, Your are What You Think你认为自己是什么样的人，就是什么样的人（10年翻译题）59, The Audacity of Hope有希望则无所畏惧60, Future of Energy能源的未来（新）1.The Value of Time 时间的价值【2022年新增加文章】1."Time" says the proverb "is money". This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets. If our time is usefully employed, it will either produce some useful and important piece of work which will fetch its price in the market, or it will add to our experience and increase our capacities so as to enable us to earn money when the proper opportunity comes. There can thus be no doubt that time is convertible into money. Let those who think nothing of wasting time remember this; let them remember that an hour misspent is equivalent to the loss of a banknote; and that an hour utilized is tantamount to so much silver or gold; and then they will probably think twice before they give their consent to the loss of any part of their time.1、谚语说：“时间就是金钱。
2016中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第1-10课-课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试课后练习及答案目录1.SIX GOLDEN RULES FOR MEETING MANAGEMENT主持会议六大准则（2016新增） (2)2. NETWORK SECURITY 网络安全(2013版) (2)3 .ALL I LEARNED IN KINDERGARTEN 幼儿园所学的... . (4)4. HOW TO NEGOTIATE WITH AMERICANS 如何与美国人谈判(2013版) (5)5.CARBON-BASED ALTERNATIVE 碳基替代燃料（2010版） (7)6. AUTOMATIC AUTO: A CAR THAT DRIVES ITSELF 无人驾驶汽车(2013版) (9)7 OUR FAMILY CREED 家族的信条（2007版） (11)8 THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING 公共演讲的艺术(2007版) (13)9. OIL AND GAS GENERATION油气生成（2016版新增） (16)10.THE DRESS CODE FOR OFFICE LIFE办公室的着装礼仪（2016版新增） (16)1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则（2016新增）课后练习：1.If you are asked to chair【主持，椅子】a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting ____.A. treatmentB.requirementC.managementD.improvement2.If you begin on time, group members who ____ late will realize the value of time.A.bring upe upC.dress upD.show up3. You may need to refer back to【查阅，重新提及】an issue ____ was discussed during the meeting at a later date.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.where4. ____, we often hear only what we want to hear, rather than【而不是】really listening to other people.A.TraditionallyB.AdditionallyC.ConditionallyD.Exceptionlly5.Many times important issues can get sidetracked【转变话题的】in a meeting, _____ when everyone has a different opinion about the topic.A.essentiallyB.entirellyC.extremelyD.especially6. If you ____ a conflict【冲突】prior to【在……之前】the meeting, discuss the issue with participants【参与者】in advance【提前】.A.anticipateB.participateC.preserveD.announce7. If an unanticipated【不曾预料到的】conflict develops once the meeting is in progress 【进行中】, either appoint a subcommittee【小组委员会】to ____ the problemA.look intoB.look onC. look overD.look through答案：1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6A 7A2. Network Security 网络安全(2013版)课后练习：1.Internet ____ theft 【失窃】is a growing—and very costly【昂贵的，expensive】—problemA.identifyB.identityC. identicalD.identification2. All offers ____ require payment【付款】or private information before giving an award 【奖品】are bogus【假冒的】.A.whatB.whoC.whoseD.that3. Take the time to ____ the validity【合法性】of an offer.A.check outB.look outC.make outD.pick out4.Thoroughly【彻底地】conduct a background【背景】check【核实】on the company, ____ as many phone calls and Internet searches as you can.A.madeB.makesC.makingD.make5. If ____, visit a local law enforcement【执行】office and ask their opinion.A.in doubtB.in caseC.in conditionD.in detail6. ____ people who report such crimes, ____ criminals are arrested.A. the more; the moreB. the more; moreC. more; moreD. the most; the most答案：1B 2D 3A 4C 5A 6A补充练习：1. Use the ____ version of your web browser.A. laterB. lastC. latestD. late2. ____ conduct a background check on the company, making as many phone calls and Internet searches as you can.A. ThoughB. ThroughlyC. ThorughD. Thoroughly3. Don't ____ secure websites using public Wi-Fi.A. accessB. acessC. processD. accesses4. Sign up for alerts ____ your mobile phone or email.A. to send toB. to be sent toC. to be sentD. to sent to5. your bank and credit card accounts weekly.A. monitoB. monitoredC. monitorD. monitoring答案：1C 2D 3A 4B 5C3 .All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的…课后练习：1.Grandpa ___ to water the flowers now, It’s going to rain soon.A.isn’t needingB.needn’tC.doesn’t needD.needs2.Have you watered the flower? I don’t think this kind of flower need ____ every day.A.waterB.wateringC.be wateredD.being watered3.___ he had not hurt his leg,John would have won the race.A.IfB.SinceC.ThonghD.When4.____ interesting story it is!A.What aB.thatC.whichD.since5. Put things back ____ you found them. (2010年考题)A.whereB.thatC.whichD.since6.You ___ yourself about money(2010年考题)A.need not worryB.have worryC. are not being worriedD.need’n be worried7. No matter how old you are, when you go out into the world, it _____ to hold hands and stick together.A. would betterB. had betterC. be betterD. is better8. Goldfish and hamsters all die. ________.A. So do usB. So we doC. So are weD. So do we9. Think of what a better world ______ if we all had cookies and milk about 3 o’clock every afternoon.A. would it beB. it would beC. will it beD. it going to be答案：1C 2B 3A 4A 5A 6A 7D 8D 9B补充练习：1、When you go out into the world, watch for traffic, hold hands and _____ together.A. stickB. stuckC. strikeD. struck2. Put things back _______ you found them.A. whatB. whileC. whereD. which3. It would be a better world if we all _____ with our blankets for a nap.A. lay downB. laid downC. lain downD. lied down4. Don't take things .A. that aren't yoursB. which aren’t youC. that aren’t youD. which are n’t yours答案：1A 2C 3A 4A4. How to Negotiate with Americans 如何与美国人谈判(2013版)课后练习：1.___ wants to succeed【成功】in the US needs to remember the rules of the game.A.WhoeverB.whateverC.whomeverD.whenever2. Yet a euphoric approach to business is ___ enough.A. by all meansB. by means ofC. by no meansD. by means for3. he attitude【态度】"time is money" has more ___ on business communication in the US than it does anywhere else.A.discussB.containC.evaluateD.influence4.Present【介绍】and market【推销】your case in a ___ way.A.positiveB.possibleC.previousD.private5.When doing business in the US, you should take the following considerations into ___.A.adventureB.accountC.adviceD.ambition答案：1A 2C 3D 4A 5B补充练习：1. Its business culture, ____has brought the world "shareholder value" and "IPOs", ___ commercial thinking in recent years and will continue to do so.A. which; has leadedB. which; has been leadingC. that; has leadedD. that; has been leading2. Yet a euphoric approach _____ business is by no means enough.A. intoB. withC. toD. on3. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ____ focused.A. ruthlessB. ruthlesslyC. ruthlessness4. ____ a personal relationship with the business partner is not as important as ____ results.A. Developing; gettingB. Developing; to getC. To develop; gettingD. To develop; to get5. For this reason, many US __ contain the provision "time is of the essence" within their preamble.A. contactsB. contentsC. contendsD. contracts6. The negotiation will ___ in a well-prepared, calm and pragmatic manner, all laced ___a substantial dose of humor.A. proceed; withB. process; withC. process; inD. proceed; in7. Religion, politics or ethnic background should be touched on ___.A. cautiouslyB. cautiousnessC. cautiousD. caution8. Do not ____ your negotiating partners' relaxed style of communication.A. are misled byB. misled byC. be misled byD. be misled9. The casual attitude in the US does not mean ___ no hierarchy in US companies.A. that isB. there isC. there areD. that are答案：1B 2C 3B 4A 5D 6A 7A 8C 9B5.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料（2010版）课后练习：1. Although recent years have seen ______ reductions in noxious pollutants from individual motor vehicles, the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing.A. substantialB. substanceC. submitD. subjective2.The number of such vehicles ___ steadily increasingA.have beenB.had beenC.having beenD.has been3.There is a serious liability ___ performance and fuel efficiency.A.in time ofB.in case ofC.in terms ofD.in honour of4.At a rough estimate,Nigeria is _____ Great BritainA.three times as big asB.three times as bigger asC. as three times big asD.as three times gigger as5. Ethanol is commonly used as a gasoline supplement, but it is currently about ___ methanolA.twice as expensive asB. twice as more expensive asC. as twice more expensive asD. as twice expensive as6. the number of such vehicles has been steadily increasing. ____, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide that exceed legally established limits.【2010年考题】A.ContinuouslyB.ConsequentlyC.ConsantlyD.Consistently7. All of these alternatives are carbon-based fuels _______ molecules are smaller and simpler than those of gasoline.A. whichB. whoC. whatD. whose8. The hydrocarbons they do emit are less likely to _____ ozone.A generalB generationC generateD generous9. The combustion of larger molecules, _____ have multiple carbon-carbon bonds involvesa more complex series of reactions.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. who10. Ethanol is commonly used ____ a gasoline supplementA.forB.toC.byD.as11.Henry and Tom ___ to the particles at the Trade Union every Saturday(2010年考题)ed to goB.were used to goC.are used to goD.ues to go12. Vehicles ____ only the simplest of the engine improvements that methanol makes feasible would still contribute to an immediate lessening of urban air pollution.A. corporateB.cooperatingC. operatingD. incorporating答案：1A 2D 3C 4A 5A 6D 7D 8C 9B 10D 11A 12D补充练习：1. Although recent years have seen substantial reductions in noxious pollutants from individual motor vehicles, the number of such vehicles ____ .A. have been steadily increasingB. has been steadily increasedC. has been steadily increasingD. have been steadily increased2. Consequently, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and ozone that _____ legally established limits.A. succeedB. proceedC. exceedD. excess3. There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve further reductions in vehicle _____ is to replace conventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels.A. permissionB. emissionC. omissionD. Mission4. There is a growing realization that the only ___ way to achieve further reductions in vehicle emissions is to replace conventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels.A. effectiveB. efficientC. sufficientD. Supplement5. These reactions increase the probability of incomplete combustion and are more likelyto _____ uncombusted and photochemically active hydrocarbon compounds into the atmosphere.A. leaseB. releaseC. pleaseD. relief6. On the other hand, alternative fuels do have _____.A. drawbacksB. setbackC. drawerD. backward7. Ethanol and methanol have important advantages _____ other carbon-based alternative fuels.A. onB. overC. byD. with8. It is currently about ______ as methanol.A. twice as expensive asB. as twice expensive asC. as expensive twice asD. expensive as twice as9. Methanol's most attractive feature is that it can reduce ____ about 90 percent the vehicle emissions.A. ofB. inC. onD. by10. However, since methanol-fueled vehicles could be designed to be much more ____ than gasoline clone vehicles fueled with methanol, they would need comparatively less fuel.A. effectiveB. efficientC. sufficientD. supplement答案：1C 2C 3B 4A 5B 6A 7B 8A 9D 10B6. Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself 无人驾驶汽车(2013版)课后练习：1.The car will be guided by a differential GPS system that corrects errors ___ in global positioning satellite signals.A.arisingB.riseC.raiseD.arouse2. GM envisions【设想，想象】a system ___ the Mobility InternetA.callingB.callC.callsD.called3. How much control you want to turn over to the car may __ your age and where youare goingA.depend onB.call one onD.go on4. On vacation with the family the driver may want to __ and talk to the kidsA.turn upB.turn toC.turn onD.turn around5. Taking the fun out of the driving is not our main goal—we'd like to help people enjoy __A. to driveB.driveC.drivesD.driving6. But they should make the ___ if they want to drive or (they) press the autopilotbutton.A.decisionB.decideC.departureD.depart答案：1A 2D 3A 4D 5A补充练习：1. It is an early step toward a robo-car that can drive itself, perhaps ____ .A. better than youB. better than you canC. better you can2. The TTS run will demonstrate ____ the car can take curves as fast as a human driver—without driving off a cliff.A. asB. thatC. whenD. whether3. The car will be guided by a differential GPS system that corrects errors arising in global positioning satellite signals ____ they travel through the ionosphere and troposphere.A. asB. thatC. whatD. where4. Second, the car needs ____ collisions.A. to be able to avoidB. being able to avoidC. to be able to avoiding5. Some of these capabilities have already hit the street, and others %___ in tests.A. has been demonstratedB. have been demonstratedC. have demonstrated6. GM envisions a system ___ connects intelligent cars to each other and to remote servers in a vast, moving peer-to-peer network that would let them ____ efficiently and in sync.A. that; to travelB. which; travelC. where; travelD. that; travel7. How much control you want to turn over to the car(主语) may depend on your age and ____.A. where are you goingB. where you are goingC. where do you go toD. that you are going8. Taking the fun out of the driving（主语）is not our main goal—we'd like to ___.A. help people to enjoy to driveB. help people enjoy to driveC. help people enjoy drivingD. help people enjoying to drive答案：1B 2D 3A 4A 5B 6D 7B 8C考点：使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的“不完全”及物动词，主要有make(使,令)，let(让)，help(帮助)，have(叫)等，其后的不定式“不带to”。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文03
3 All I Learned in Kindergarten幼儿园所学的1.Most of what I really need to know about how to live and what to do and how to be, I learned in kindergarten<幼儿园>.Wisdom<智慧> was not at the top of the graduate<研究生、研究院>mountain,but there in the sandpile<（n.供儿童玩的）沙堆>at nursery school<n.幼儿园nursery<苗圃>>．1.大部分在生活中真正需要的，包括怎样生活，该做些什么，又该怎样去做，这些都是我在幼儿园时学会的。
智慧不在研究生院的山巅之上，而在幼儿园的沙堆里。
2.These are the things I learned：Share everything. Play fair．Don’t hit people．Put things back where you found them. Clean up<清理>your own mess<自己的烂摊子mess<混乱>>．Don’t take things that aren’t yours．Say you’re sorry when you hurt somebody. Wash your hands before you eat. Warm cookies<饼干> and cold milk are good for you．Live a balanced<平衡的>life．Learn some and think some and draw and paint and sing and dance and play and work everyday some．2.以下就是我从幼儿园中学到的。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文05
5 Carbon-based Alternative<adj.替代的;其他的n.替代物>碳基替代燃料1.Although recent years have seen substantial<adj.坚固的，实质的，真实的，充实的> reductions in noxious<adj.有害的>pollutants<n.污染物质> from individual motor vehicles<机动车辆>,the number of such vehicles has been steadily<adv.稳定地;持续地;稳固地>increasing.Consequently<因此>,more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide<一氧化碳>,particulate matter<颗粒物质>,and ozone<n.臭氧；新鲜的空气>(generated by<产生> photochemical reactions<光化反应>with hydrocarbons<n.碳氢化合物>from vehicle exhaust<n.排气，排气装置vi.排气vt.用尽，耗尽>) that exceed<vt.超过;超越;胜过;越过…的界限vi.突出,领先>legally<adv.法律上,合法地> established<adj.已建立的;已设立的;已制定的;确定的> limits. There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve<vt.实现; 取得; 获得; 成功> further reductions in vehicle emissions<n.排放物>- short of<除了…之外；缺乏，达不到>a massive shift<巨大的转变> away from the private automobile<汽车>- is to replace conventional diesel<n.柴油机>fuel and gasoline<汽油>with cleaner-burning fuels such as compressed natural gas, liquefied<v.（使）液化，（使）溶解>petroleum<石油> gas, ethanol<乙醇>, or methanol<甲醇>.<replaceA withB 用B替代A>1.尽管近几年来私人机动车辆排放的有害污染物已有相当程度的减少，但这类车辆的数量却仍在稳定地增长。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文22The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系
22The Germanic Languages 日耳曼语系1. Most people have heard of the Tower of Babel<巴别塔> story in the Bible<圣经>. According to this story, long ago all people spoke the same ter, however, they were punished<惩罚，处罚> by speaking a great number of different tongues<语言>. Today, there are literally<照字面意义，逐字地> thousands of different languages (defined as mutually<相互地> unintelligible<难解的> tongues) around the world, though many are related to one another. Indeed, the two largest language families, the Indo-European (the language family with the largest number of speakers) and Sino-Tibetan (containing the Chinese languages, Thai, Vietnamese, and Tibetan) include hundreds of languages with over half the world's population.1. 大多数的人都听过圣经中巴别塔的故事。
故事称很久以前，人们说的是同一种语言。
但是，后来人们遭受惩罚，而开始说各种不同的语言。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第11-20课-课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》学习笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录11 SMOKING AND CANCER 吸烟和癌（2013版新增） (2)12 EAST MEETS WEST IN RELAXING MACAU澳门—东西方文化的交汇点（2016版新增） (5)13 THE POSITIVE MEANINGS OF LOVE 爱的真谛 (8)14 TAKING CHANCES, MAKING CHANCES 抓住机遇，制造机遇 (13)15 CONVENTIONAL PETROLEUM RESERVOIR常规油气藏（2016版新增） (17)16 UNCONVENTIONAL OIL AND GAS 非常规油气（2016版新增） (21)17 THE PROVINCE OF ALBERTA 阿尔伯达省（2007版） (25)18 UNLEASHING YOUR CREATIVITY 释放你的创造力（2016版新增） (29)19 THE PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE国际贸易原理 (32)20 A WORLD WITHOUT OIL 假如世界没有石油（2013版新增） (37)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
11 Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌（2013版新增）【注：2007版，2010版，2013版】【2011考阅读】1. Americans smoke six thousand million cigarettes【香烟】 every year (1970 figures). This is roughly【大体上】 the equivalent【相等的，等价的；等价物，相等物】 of 4,195 cigarettes a year for every person in the country of 18 years of age or more. It is estimated【估计】 that 51% of American men smoke compared with【与……相比】 34% of American women.1、美国人每年抽烟60亿支(1970年的统计数字)。
中石油系统职称英语通用英语选读文章中英文对照版最新版
目录中石油职称英语教材_2013年版1. The Value of Time时间的价值 (3)2.English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言 (4)3.All I Learned in Kindergarten 幼儿园所学的 (6)4. How to Negotiate with Americans如何与美国人谈判 (7)5. Network Security网络安全 (9)6.Carbon-based Alternative 碳基替代燃料 (11)7. Automatic Auto: a Car That Drives Itself无人驾驶汽车 (13)8.Our Family Creed 家族的信条 (15)9．The art of public Speaking 公共演讲的艺术 (16)10. Sweep a Fuel Craft Invest Fever清洁能源行业投资热潮 (18)11.Smoking and Cancer 吸烟和癌 (19)12. The Positive Meanings of Love爱的真谛 (21)13. Does Exercise Have Unexpected Benefits? 运动有奇效吗？ (24)14.Taking chances, Making chances 抓住机遇，制造机遇 (26)15.The Province of Alberta 阿尔伯达省 (27)16. The American Way: Family美国人的家庭观 (29)17. Computers Give Big Boosts to Productivity计算机技术极大提高生产效率 (30)18. The Principles of International Trade国际贸易原理 (32)19. A World without Oil 假如世界没有石油 (34)20.The Germanic Languages日耳曼语系 (36)21.How Americans Eat and Drink 美国人的饮食 (38)22.The Delights of South Island 南岛之乐 (40)23.A Sandpiper to Bring You Joy 矶鹞带来快乐 (42)24.An Introduction to Distillation 蒸馏概述 (46)25. Hints to Improve Spoken English 提高英语口语须知 (48)26.The Moon-Riddle from the Past月球-来自远古之谜 (50)27.The Delight of Books 书之乐趣 (52)28.The Magic of Energy 能的魔力 (54)29. How to Reduce Employee Turnover如何减少员工流失 (57)30. That "Other Woman" in My Life 我生命中的“另一个女人” (59)31.Geography of USA 美国地理概况 (61)32. The Old Man and the Sea (Excerpt) 参考译文：老人与海(节选) (64)33.Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学 (66)34.What Do Parents Owe Their Children 父母欠子女什么？ (68)35. Trends for 21st Century 21世纪的趋势 (70)36.You Bet Your Life 以命相赌 (73)37. Radiation and Human Health辐射与人体健康 (75)38. To Be Content with One's Lot 乐天知命 (77)39.I Didn't Know How to Teach Until I Met You 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学 (80)40. An Introduction to Petrochemicals 石油化工产品概述 (82)41. The Subject of Smiling 微笑问题 (85)42. A $210,000 WALLET1价值21万美元的钱包 (88)43. What's Your Best Time of Day? 何时是你一天中最佳的时间？ (90)44. Fundamental Techniques in Handling People 处理人际关系的基本技巧 (94)45. Happiness Index幸福指数 (96)46. Becoming Wealthy: It's Up to You 致富取决于你自己 (99)47. Oil（油） (101)48. Ocean Plant Life in Decline海洋植物数量锐减 (104)49. Cultural Taboos文化禁忌 (106)50.Managing In a Global Environment 在全球环境中进行管理 (108)51.Not Quite Ready to Retire1 退休为时尚早 (111)52.Sales Promotion 产品促销 (114)53.Another Happiness 另一种快乐 (117)54.Why To Mark a Book 怎样在书上做标记 (119)55.Earth's Last Frontier: The Sea 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域 (122)56.Why Antarctica Is Being Explored 为什么要勘探南极洲 (125)57.Listening Faults 聆听的误区 (128)58.Your Are What You Think 你认为自己是什么样的人，就是什么样的人 (132)59.The Audacity of Hope1有希望则无所畏惧 (135)60. Future of Energy能源的未来 (139)1. The Value of Time时间的价值【2013年新增加文章】1. "Time" says the proverb "is money". This means that every moment well-spent may put some money into our pockets. If our time is usefully employed,it will either produce some useful and important piece of work which will fetch its price in the market, or it will add to our experience and increase our capacities so as to enable us to earn money when the proper opportunity comes. There can thus be no doubt that time is convertible into money. Let those who think nothing of wasting time remember this; let them remember that an hour misspent is equivalent to the loss of a banknote; and that an hour utilized is tantamount to so much silver or gold; and then they will probably think twice before they give their consent to the loss of any part of their time.1．谚语说：“时间就是金钱。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第31-40课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录31 PETROLEUM GEOLOGY AND OTHER SCIENCES 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版) (2)32 THE CALIFORNIA GOLD RUSH加利福尼亚淘金热 (2016新增) (6)33 WHAT DO PARENTS OWE THEIR CHILDREN 父母欠子女什么？ (11)34 SHOULD YOU GO ORGANIC? 你应该“有机”吗？（N2016新增） (15)35 YOU BET YOUR LIFE 以命相赌 (20)36 TO BE CONTENT WITH ONE'S LOT乐天知命 (24)37 I DIDN'T KNOW HOW TO TEACH UNTIL I MET YOU 直到遇到你我才知道怎么教学 (30)38 RESERVOIR PRODUCTION MECHANISMS油藏开采机理（2016新增） (34)39 A $210,000 WALLET 价值21万美元的钱包 (38)40 FUNDAMENTAL TECHNIQUES IN HANDLING PEOPLE 处理人际关系的基本技巧 (42)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
31Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences 石油地质学与其它科学(2007版)【2007版，2010版，2013版，2016版】【2011年第7、8段翻译】1. Petroleum geology is the application【应用，接to】exploration【勘探】for and production【生产】of oil and gas. Geology itselfis firmly【牢牢地】based on【建立在…基础上】chemistry,physics,and biology,involving【包括】the application【后接to】of essentially【本质上】abstract【adj.抽象的，n.文摘】concepts to observed【观察的】data【资料】. In the past these data were basically【基本上】observation 【观察】and subjective【主观的】,but they are now increasingly physical and chemical,and therefore【因此】more objective【客观的】. Geology,in general【总的来说】,and petroleumgeology,in particular【特别，尤其】value judgements based on experience and an assessment【评估】of validity【有效性】among the data presented.1、石油地质学是地质学（岩石研究）在油气勘探开发和生产中的应用。
2016年中石油职称英语真题及答案
2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I.VocabularySection ADirections:There are some sentences inthis section.Below each sentence are four other words or phrases.Y ou are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A.unconsciousB.thriveC.severeD.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A.lieB.boastC.secretiveD.feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That"Other Woman"in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘；自吹自擂lie v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于boast v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）secretive adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的feelawkward为难；作难；犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A.continueB.hurryC.beginD.discontinue 【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文43Oil石油
43 Oil 石油1. The existence of oil wells has been known for a long time. Some of the Indians of North America used to collect and sell the oil from the wells of Pennsylvania<宾夕法尼亚>. No one, however, seems to have realized the importance of this oil until it was found that paraffin<n石蜡>-oil<煤油> could be made from it; this led to the development of the wells and to the making of enormous<巨大的> profits. When the internal combustion<n燃烧>engine<内燃机> was invented, oil became of worldwide importance.1、油井的存在由来已久。
北美的一些印第安人过去常常去宾夕法尼亚的油井采集油来出售。
一直以来，没有人认识到这种油的重要性，后来人们发现它可提炼出煤油来，情况才为之一变。
自此油井遂蓬勃发展，巨额利润也由此产生。
当内燃机发明后，石油更具有世界性重要意义。
2. What was the origin of the oil which now drives our motor-cars and aircraft? Scientists are confident<确信的> about the formation of coal, but they do not seem so sure when asked about oil. They think that the oil under the surface of the earth originated in<起源于，产生于> the distant past, and was formed from living things in the sea. Countless<无数的>billions<十亿> of minute<微小>sea creatures and plants lived and sank to the sea bed. They were covered with huge deposits of mud; and by processes of chemistry, pressure and temperature were changed through long ages into what we know as oil. For there creatures to become oil, it was necessary that they should be imprisoned<密封，禁锢> between layers of rock for an enormous length of time.The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at<瞧一瞧，看一看> a map showing the chief oilfield of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. In some places gas and oil come up to the surface of the sea from its bed. The rocks in which oil is found are of marine<海洋的>origin<起源>too. They are sedimentary<adj沉积的，沉淀性的> rocks<水成岩>, rocks which were laid down by the action of water on the bed of the ocean. Almost always the remains<遗骸> of shells<贝壳>, and other proofs<证据> of sea life, are found close to the oil. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale<n油页岩，页岩>, which is a soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.2、现在驱动汽车和飞机的油的起源是什么？科学家对煤的形成一清二楚，然而论及石油时，它们就不那么有把握了。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第21-30课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》学习笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录21.AND ALL THAT JAZZ关乎爵士乐(2016版新增) (2)22 THE GERMANIC LANGUAGES 日耳曼语系（2010版） (6)23 HOW AMERICANS EAT AND DRINK 美国人的饮食（2007版） (10)24 THE DELIGHTS OF SOUTH ISLAND 南岛之乐（2010版） (13)25 HINTS TO IMPROVE SPOKEN ENGLISH 提高英语口语须知（2007版） (17)26 THE MAGIC OF ENERGY 能的魔力（2007版） (21)27. WHEN YOU TRAVEL TO A LARGE CITY旅行在都市（2016版新增） (25)28 THAT "OTHER WOMAN" IN MY LIFE 我生命中的“另一个女人”（2007版） (29)29 GEOGRAPHY OF USA 美国地理概况（2007版） (32)30 THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA (EXCERPT) 老人与海(节选)(2010版) (37)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分…，是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
21.And All That Jazz关乎爵士乐(2016版新增)1.Have you ever heard the expression（说法、表达）, —and all that Jazz”？When people say that to day, it’s slang which means much the same thing as et cetera （等等）or “and so forth（等等）.” You may use it yourself. Jazz, it seems, has had quite a few（相当多）meanings. Through the history （历史）of jazz, it has meant many different kinds of music to many different people.1.你听过这种说法吗，“像爵士乐一般，诸如此类的东西”？现在人们把它用作俚语，意思和“等等”，“以此类推”类似。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文30The Old Man and the Sea(Excerpt)老人与海(节选)
30The Old Man and the Sea (Excerpt)老人与海(节选)1. They sailed<航行> well and the old man soaked<浸> his hands in the salt water and tried to keep his head clear. There were high cumulus clouds<积云> and enough cirrus<卷云> above them sothat the old man knew the breeze<微风> would last all night. The old man looked at the fish constantly<时常地>to make sure it was true. It was an hour before the first shark<鲨鱼> hit him. 1.他们航行得很好，老人把手浸在盐水里，努力保持头脑清醒。
积云堆聚得很高，上空还有相当多的卷云，因此老人看出这风将刮上整整一夜。
老人时常对鱼望望，好确定真有这么回事。
这时候是第一条鲨鱼来袭击他的前一个钟点。
2. The shark was not an accident<偶然>. He had come up from deep down in the water as the dark cloud of blood had settled<下沉> and dispersed<扩散>in the mile deep sea. He had come up so fast and absolutely<完全地>without caution<不顾一切>that he broke the surface of the blue water and was in the sun. Then he fell back into the sea and picked up the scent<n气味> and started swimming on the course the skiff<小船> and the fish had taken.2.这条鲨鱼的出现不是偶然的。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第41-50课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录41. HAPPINESS INDEX幸福指数 (2)42 BECOMING WEALTHY: IT'S UP TO YOU 致富取决于你自己 (7)43 OIL 石油 (10)44 JOB SATISFACTION <NEW> (13)45. HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST <NEW> (18)46. CULTURAL TABOOS文化禁忌 (21)47 MANAGING IN A GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT 在全球环境中进行管理 (25)48. THE CONSCIOUS USE OF THE SUBCONSCIOUS MIND <NEW> (29)49. THE BRITISH THROUGH MY EYES <NEW> (33)50 NOT QUITE READY TO RETIRE 退休为时尚早 (36)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
41. Happiness Index幸福指数(index n. 索引；偏意：指数)1. In terms of happiness, your spouse—if you have one—is worth $100,000 a year.1、就幸福而言（in terms of 依据；按照），你的配偶(spouse)——如果你有的话——值10万美元一年（a year）。
中石油2016通用英语选读课文25Hints to Improve Spoken English提高英语口语须知
25 Hints<暗示，提示，线索> to Improve SpokenEnglish 提高英语口语须知1. Speaking English fluently and accurately is a goal of many people studying English in China. Fluency can be simply defined as "being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is saying"; speaking accurately means "speaking without errors of grammar and vocabulary".1、流利并准确地说英语是中国许多英语学习者的一个目标。
流利可简单定义为“具有交流各种思想的能力，无须停下来对话题进行过多思考”。
说话准确的意思是“说话不犯语法错误和词汇错误”。
2. The problem is that many students find that if they try to speak fast, they make more mistakes. And, if they slow down, there may be fewer errors but it can sound unnatural. So, how do we balance accuracy and fluency in spoken English?2、问题在于：许多学生发现，如果他们试图讲得快，所犯错误就更多。
如果他们讲话速度放慢，错误可能会减少，可是听上去就不自然。
所以，英语口语的准确与流利，如何才能平衡起来呢?3. It can depend on the manner<态度>in which one has studied English in the past. People who tend to focus on accuracy may find that they worry too much about making mistakes. This can make them nervous or embarrassed about speaking English in public. As a result, their spoken English might not improve.This means that, although they know English grammar and vocabulary well, they might not be able to hold a good conversation.3、这可能取决于一个人过去学习英语的态度。
中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课（20）
中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课（20）第一篇：中石油职称英语课文讲稿1-60第01课 (20)1.The need for effective[adj.有效的] public speaking will almost certainly touch you sometime[adv.将来某个时候,过去某个时间] in your life.When it does, you want to be ready.But even if you never give another speech in your life, you still have much to gain from studying public speaking.Your speech class will give you training in researching topics, organizing[(organize):vt.组织] your ideas, and presenting yourself skillfully[技巧的].The training is invaluable[munication[n.交流，交际].非常宝贵的] for every type of1、在你生活的某个时刻，几乎必定需要做某种有影响力的公开演讲。
当这个时刻来到时，你希望自己十分有把握。
但是，即便你从未发表过一个演讲，你仍然会从学习公共演说中获益良多。
你的演讲课将会在研究主题、组织思路、和表现技巧方面对你进行训练。
这种训练对任何类型的交流都是非常宝贵的。
分析：；effective有效地，efficient效率高的；sometime某个时候，some time 一些时间，sometimes有时候，some times一些次数； even if =即使； present V.介绍，赠给，展现，a.出席的，到场的；invaluable=priceless 无价的，非常宝贵的，valueless=worthless没有价值的；2.There are many similarities[(similarity):n.相似,类似] between public speaking and daily conversation[n.谈话；交谈].The three major[a.主要的] goals of speaking-to inform[vt.传达], to persuade[vt.说服；to entertain[娱乐]-are also the three major 劝说], goals of everyday conversation.In conversation, almost without thinking about it, you employ[vt.使用] a wide range[n.一系列] of skills[(skill):n.技能；技巧].You organize[vt.组织] your ideas logically[符合逻辑的].You tailor[vt.修改] your message to youraudience[n.听众].You tell a story for maximum[最大量(的)] impact[n.You adapt[v.使适应,使适合]影响].to feedback[n.回授,反馈] from your listener.These are among the most important skills[(skill):n.技能；技巧] you will need for public speaking.2、在公开演讲和日常交谈之间有许多类似的东西。
中石油职称英语考试选读文章47
2016年中石油职称英语考试选读文章47A Sandpiper to Bring You Joy 矶鹞带来快乐She was six years old when I first met her on the beach near where I live.I drive to this beach,a distance of three or four miles,whenever the world begins to close in on me.She was building a sandcastle or something and looked up,her eyes as blue as the sea.我第一次和她在那个海滩上相遇时，她整六岁。
这个海滩离我的住处约有三、四英里。
每当我心情压抑，感到烦恼时，就驱车上哪儿去。
当时她正在用沙子堆积一个城堡似的东西。
看到我来，她抬起头来望着我，那双眼睛像大海般深邃、湛蓝。
“Hello,”she said.I answered with a nod,not really in the mood to bother with a small child.“您好!”她说。
我点了点头作为回答，说实在的，我没有心思跟一个小女孩费神。
“I'm building,”she said.“我在盖房子呢!”她又说。
“I see that.What is it?”I asked,not caring.“我看见了。
这盖的是什么房子呢?”我心不在焉地问道。
“Oh,I don't know,I just like the feel of sand.”“噢，我不知道，我就是喜欢摸沙子的感觉。
”That sounds good,I thought,and slipped off my shoes.A sandpiper glided by.这倒有意思，我边想边脱掉鞋子。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》第51-60课_课文精讲
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录51. THOSE FASCINATING NORTHERN LIGHTS 迷人的北极光（2016新版） (2)52 SALES PROMOTION 产品促销 (7)53. OIL REFINING 石油炼制（2016新增） (7)54 ANOTHER HAPPINESS 另一种快乐 (15)55. IT’S NEVER TOO L ATE FOR SUCCESS成功不分早晚（2016新增） (20)56 WHY TO MARK A BOOK 怎样在书上做标记 (25)57 EARTH'S LAST FRONTIER:THE SEA 海洋，地球最后的待开发疆域 (30)58. OUR MANY RESPONSES TO PAIN <NEW> (36)59. FOREST FIRES: A MAJOR DISASTER <NEW> (42)60 WHY ANTARCTICA IS BEING EXPLORED 为什么要勘探南极洲 (48)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
51. Those Fascinating Northern Lights迷人的北极光（2016新增）1. At 10:00 p.m. on March 23，1969, the Bowater Power Water Company in Deer Lake, Newfoundland experienced a disturbance on its system. The frequency converter at Comer Brook tripped off, shutting down half of the big paper mill. There was a radio blackout over most of the Atlantic Provinces. And accompanying these activities was a magnificient display of northern lights — boiling up out of the north and hanging in bundles of long rays like draperies across the sky. Ninety-three million miles away, a rather ugly looking sunspot was making its way across the disc of the sun.1. 1969年3月23曰晚上10点，保华特水电公司（the Bowater Power Water Company)位于纽芬兰（Newfoundland)鹿湖的设备系统出现了异常；科纳布鲁克（ComerBrook)的变频器跳间，使得一半的大造纸厂停产；大西洋沿岸各省的无线电中断。
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》学习笔记_第1-10课
2016新版中石油职称英语水平考试《通用英语选读》培训笔记（考过的大题已标出）目录1.SIX GOLDEN RULES FOR MEETING MANAGEMENT主持会议六大准则（2016新增） (2)2. NETWORK SECURITY 网络安全(2013新增)【2013阅读题】 (4)3 .ALL I LEARNED IN KINDERGARTEN 幼儿园所学的 (8)4. HOW TO NEGOTIATE WITH AMERICANS 如何与美国人谈判(2013新增) (11)5.CARBON-BASED ALTERNATIVE 碳基替代燃料 (16)6. AUTOMATIC AUTO: A CAR THAT DRIVES ITSELF 无人驾驶汽车(2013版新增) (19)7. OUR FAMILY CREED 家族的信条（2007版） (23)8. THE ART OF PUBLIC SPEAKING 公共演讲的艺术(2007版) (26)9. OIL AND GAS GENERATION油气生成（2016版新增） (30)10.THE DRESS CODE FOR OFFICE LIFE办公室的着装礼仪（2016版新增） (34)温馨小语：每篇“学习笔记”将可能涉及到的“考点”做了重点标记，它们基于“职称考试”的四个主要方面，即词汇、语法、阅读和翻译，所以在学习中要认真体会，找到自己要重点学习的内容。
跳过每一段英文原文，只通篇看下“带有英文”的中文部分。
是不是感觉清楚了课文大致要说的内容？熟悉中文意思，在考试中也是很有帮助的，特别是在回答阅读类的选择题时，如果它恰好又是你在此读过的一篇课文，你一定会用最短的时间，找到正确的答案。
考试的题量可不小，要在此处抢得先机。
过段时间，再来温习下吧。
1.Six Golden Rules for Meeting Management主持会议六大准则（2016新增）If you are asked to chair【主持，椅子】 a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management【管理，regulation】.如果要求你主持一个会议，记住以下有关主持会议的六大准则。
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20 A World without Oil 假如世界上没有石油1. Have you ever stopped to think how your life would change if the world ran out of<用完，用尽> oil? Take a look at your day. The roof of your home is probably made waterproof<防水的> by an oil product, bitumen<沥青>. The same product is used for the road surface outside your home. Before you leave to go to work or school, just examine your surroundings<周围的环境>. Is the room warmer than the cold air outside? Oil, or electricity<电力> from oil-fed generators<燃油发电机> may be keeping you comfortably warm. If you are comfortably cool in a tropical climate, your air conditioning unit<空调器> may also depend on oil-fed generators.1.你曾想过没有，如果世界上用尽了石油，你的生活会发生什么样的变化呢？请看一看你的日常生活。
你家的屋顶可能是用一种叫沥青的石油产品做成防水的。
沥青同样可用来铺你家外面的路面。
在你离家去上班或上学之前，请观察一下你周围的环境。
房间里会比外面冷空气暖和吗？这是石油或由燃油发电机发出来的电使你感到舒适温暖。
如果你在炎热的气候里感到舒适凉爽，那么你家的空调器可能也是靠燃油发电机工作的。
2. In the kitchen and the bathroom you will probably see some plastic<塑料的> fittings<器具> such as tiles<瓷砖，瓦片> and working surfaces; polystyrene<聚苯乙烯> cups; curtains<门帘>made from synthetic<合成的> materials; disinfectants<消毒剂> and detergents<去污剂>. All owe their origin to the oil known as petroleum (Latin/Greek 'petra', rock, and Latin 'oleum', oil), found deep in the earth. Look inside the medicine cupboard for more petroleumproducts, medical paraffin<石蜡> and petroleum jelly<凡士林>. Cosmetics<化妆品> such as face creams, lipsticks<唇膏> and hair preparations are often based on petroleum.2、在厨房和浴室里你可能看到一些塑料器具，如塑料地板和塑料操作台面、聚苯乙烯杯子、合成材料的浴帘、消毒剂和去污剂。
所有这些都是来自称为“Petroleum”的石油，（“Petroleum”(石油)是由拉丁或希腊文"petro"(岩石)和拉丁文"oleum"(油)组成），深埋在地下。
向药厨里看看，你可以找到更多的石油产品，如药用石蜡和凡士林。
化妆品如雪花膏、唇膏、洗发剂等，常用石油作为基本原料。
3. When you're out, notice the fields and gardens. Fertilizers<化肥> and insecticides<杀虫剂>made from petroleum can improve crop production. Recently protein feeds<蛋白质饲料>for animals have been developed by growing yeast<酵母> in a petroleum based stock<基本原料>. As you head for<走向，朝…进发> your bus, train or car, all of which use petroleum products in the form of fuel to move them and lubricants<润滑油>to keep them in working order, take a look in the mirror. What are you wearing today? A polyester<聚酯> shirt or dress, nylon socks<尼龙袜> or stockings, and acrylic<丙烯酸的>sweater-a raincoat of PVC (polyvinyl chloride<聚乙烯氯化物>)? All of these are based on petroleum products.3、当外出时你会看到农田和花园。
化肥和杀虫剂是由石油制取的，可以使农作物增产。
最近已经研制出一些动物食用的蛋白质饲料，它们是用石油作为基本原料加上酵母而制成的。
公共汽车、货车或小轿车，都是靠石油产品作燃料开动的，用润滑油保持这些车辆正常工作。
当你去乘车之前要照一照镜子。
看看今天穿什么衣服好？是化纤衬衫或外套，尼龙袜或长袜，晴纶毛衣—或是塑料雨衣？而所有这些都是用石油产品作原料的。
4. Scientists predict<预言，预测> that the world's known oil resources will run out early in the next century. But long before then the world will have to decide on its priorities<优先考虑的事>. Can we afford to use so much of our limited petroleum supplies for private motoring? Should airlines compete<竞争>on similar routes allowing planes to fly long distances with empty passenger seats? What alternative energy resources can be developed?4、科学家预言世界上已探明的石油资源将在下个世纪初用尽。
但远在那时候以前，世界就必须确定石油是优先考虑控制使用的物资。
石油储量既然有限，我们还能把那么多的石油用于私人汽车吗？难道航空公司还应该为了在类似的航线上竞争而允许他们的客机作有空座的长途飞行吗？能开发出什么样的替代能源呢？5. There is an old English saying, "Necessity is the mother of invention," which means that when you are faced with a need you will discover some way of fulfilling it. Already scientists are proposing<提议，建议> some fascinating<迷人的> solutions. There is one suggestion that the wheeled traffic and the footsteps of crowds walking the streets in major cities could generate energy. One company has presented an idea in which metal strips<金属条>inserted<嵌入> in pavements<人行道> and roads operate fly wheels by means of a piston action<活塞作用>using hydraulic<水力的，液力的>fluid<液体>. They say the human and wheeled traffic in a busy city center could provide enough energy to light the streets of an entire town or power the heating system for a hospital or school. Some people are developing sophisticated versions of the windmill<高级的风车技术>. Engines can run on alcohol<乙醇>, so surplus<过剩的，多余的> sugar cane<甘蔗>could be used to produce energy. An air ship<飞艇>poweredby energy from the sun has been suggested. Such "sun ship" would have a large enough surface area to carry the enormous<巨大的> number of solar cells<太阳能电池> necessary to move any appreciable<可观的> load. Such "sun ship" might travel at over one hundred kilometers an hour. In such circumstances<在这种情况下>, of course, the tropical parts of the world would have a head start in the race to find new energy sources.5、英国有一句古话“需要是发明之母”。