M4A88T-M_LE主板详细说明书
华硕880G开核超频BIOS设定详解
华硕880G试用开核超频BIOS设定详解现在i5产品在intel的市场性能处理器里中流砥柱，其实i5的性能也很一般，一颗开核超频的X3 440基本可以和i5系列的产品打下对手，开核是省钱的最佳捷径。
当然要想玩爽开核还是需要一块简单易开核的主板才的行，华硕M4A88TD-M的开核超频非常的强大和简单，一起来看看我的超频体验吧不潮不要钱，购买开核套装省下来的钱拿去买神马USB3.0设备，神马急速SSD固态硬盘，那不是更好？！非常需要说明的是，现在攒机平台的瓶颈在硬盘上，不要在CPU上投资太多，除非你有多程序混合使用的需求，一般的玩家和用户，开核或者i5级别的U足够用了，完全不用浪费了。
285M读/275M写的固态硬盘倒是非常值得装备一个。
速度飞一般的快哦！1.华硕M4A88TD-M 开机画面2.华硕M4A88TD-M主板BIOS设定界面，进BIOS很简单。
开机按DEL键即可3.主界面的SATA Configuration 可以设定启用SATA 3.0和硬盘运行模式4.开核设定：找到Advanced 第一个项目CPU Configration回车进去设置开核设定：将ASUS Core Unlocker 设定为Enabled 就进入开核状态了！5.超频设置，华硕M4A88TD-M除了开核简单之外，超频也是非常的简单将CPU/HT 设定为240, 频率直接彪到3.6G去，内存项直接设定为1600mhz也轻松将套装的宇瞻霹雳DDR3 1333超频到1600去，简单轻松就搞定！！！6.华硕M4A88TD-M 还有独家的Express Gate 极速板载系统功能，5秒开机上网都不成问题，不过一般用不上。
可以设定为关闭缩短系统判断的时间如此简单易用的超频开核体验，SSD硬盘装系统也很快的。
来看看超频的战果是否稳定，简单的系统运行评分测试，稳定性无需置疑。
在用华硕M4A88TD开核超频根本没技术难度。
按图索骥也可以轻松搞定！开核后华硕M4A88TD-M 平台CPU和内存以及集成显卡GPU信息截图开核后华硕M4A88TD-M 平台的Windows7评分体验开核后华硕M4A88TD-M 平台的内存和CPU缓存效能测试开核后华硕M4A88TD-M 平台的PI 运行测试。
ASUS M4A88T-M USB3 说明书
Siewert & Kau Computertechnik GmbHWalter-Gropius-Str. 12aDE 50126 BergheimT elephone: 02271 - 763 0Fax: 02271 - 763 280E-Mail:**********************Internet: ASUS M4A88T-M/USB3Motherboard, micro ATX, Socket AM3, AMD 880G, USB 3.0, Gigabit Ethernet, onboard graphics, HD Audio(8-channel)This motherboard supports AMD socket AM3 multi-core processors with unique L3 cache and delivers better overclocking capabilities with less power consumption. It features dual-channel DDR3 1333 memory support and accelerates data transfer rate up to 5200MT/s via HyperTransport 3.0 based system bus. This motherboard also supports AMD CPUs in the 45nm manufacturing process. T he motherboard supports DDR3 memory that features data transfer rates of 1866(O.C.)/1333/1066 MHz to meet the higher bandwidth requirements of the latest operation system, 3D graphics, multimedia, and Internet applications. A TI Hybrid CrossFireX technology is a unique hybridmulti-GPU technology. It takes your gaming experience to the next level boosting PC performance by enabling the chipset's integrated graphics processor and a discrete GPU to operate simultaneously with combined output for blisteringly-fast frame rates unleashing the graphics performance. T his motherboard supports multiple digital and analog display output interfaces - HDMI, DVI, and D-Sub. With such diversity of display outputs, you are able to choose and upgrade display devices freely. A MD 880G chipset is designed to support up to 5200MT/s HyperTransport 3.0 (HT3.0) interface speed and PCI Express 2.0 x 16 graphics. It is optimized with AMD's latest AM3 and multi-core CPUs to provide excellent system performance and overclocking capabilities. T his motherboard supports the latest PCIe 2.0 devices for double speed and bandwidth which enhances system performance. H igh-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is a set of digital video standards that delivers multi-channel audio and uncompressed digital video for full HD 1080p visuals through a single cable. Supporting HDCP copy protection such as HD DVD and Blu-ray discs, HDMI provides you with the highest-quality home theater experience. E xperience ultra-fast data transfers at 4.8 Gb/s with USB 3.0 - the latest connectivity standard. Built to connect easily with next-generation components and peripherals, USB 3.0 transfers data 10X faster and is also backward compatible with USB 2.0 components. F eel the adrenaline rush of real-time O.C. - now a reality with the ASUS T urboV. This easy O.C. tool allows you to overclockwithout exiting or rebooting the OS; and its user-friendly interface makes overclock with just a few clicks away. Moreover, the ASUS OC profiles in T urboV provide the best O.C. settings in different scenarios. A SUS Turbo Key allows you to turn the PC power button into a physical overclocking button. After the easy setup, Turbo Key can boost performances without interrupting ongoing work or games, simply through pressing the button. A uto Tuning is an intelligent tool that automates overclocking to achieve a total system level up.General informationAsusCategory MotherboardsArticle number21256690-MIBD25-G0EAY00ZTechnical specificationsProduct Description ASUS M4A88T-M/USB3 - motherboard - micro A TX - Socket AM3 - AMD 880GProduct Type Motherboard - micro ATXForm Factor Micro A TXChipset Type AMD 880G / AMD SB710Dimensions (WxDxH)24.4 cm x 24.4 cmProcessor Socket 1 x Socket AM3Compatible Processors Sempron, Phenom II X3, Athlon II X2, Phenom II X2, Athlon II X4, Athlon II X3, Phenom II X4,Phenom II X6RAM0 MBMulti-Core Support Dual-Core / Triple-core / Quad-core / Six-coreMax Supported Memory16 GBMax Bus Speed2600 MHzRAM Supported 4 DIMM slots - DDR3 SDRAM , non-ECC, ECC , unbufferedProcessor0 ( 1 ) - Socket AM3Storage Ports 6 x SAT A-300 (RAID), 1 x ATA-133USB / FireWire Ports 2 x SuperSpeed USB + 4 x Hi-Speed USB + (6 x Hi-Speed USB via headers)64-bit Processors Compatibility Y esUSB Ports Configuration12 x USBGraphics ATI Radeon HD 4250Audio HD Audio (8-channel)Supported RAM Technology DDR3 SDRAMLAN Gigabit EthernetMicrosoft Certification Compatible with Windows 7Supported RAM Integrity Check Non-ECC, ECCUnbufferedSupported RAM (Registered orBuffered)Storage Controller ATA-133, Serial ATA-300 (RAID)Storage Ports Configuration 1 x AT A, 6 x SATAGraphics Controller ATI Radeon HD 4250 Shared Video Memory (UMA)Audio Output Sound card - 7.1 channel surroundNetworking Network adapter - Realtek RTL8111E - Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit EthernetMore detailed technical specificationsGeneralProduct Type Motherboard - micro ATXForm Factor Micro A TXChipset Type AMD 880G / AMD SB710Width24.4 cmMax Bus Speed2600 MHzDepth24.4 cmProcessor Socket Socket AM3Max Processors Qty164-bit Processors Compatibility Y esCompatible Processors Sempron, Phenom II X3, Athlon II X2, Phenom II X2, Athlon II X4, Athlon II X3, Phenom II X4,Phenom II X6Multi-Core Support Dual-Core / Triple-core / Quad-core / Six-coreBIOS Type AMIStorage Controller ATA-133, Serial ATA-300 (RAID)Power Connectors4-pin ATX12V connector, 24-pin main power connectorMemoryRAM Installed0 MBMax Supported Memory16 GBSupported RAM Technology DDR3 SDRAMSupported RAM Speed1600 MHz, 1333 MHz, 1066 MHzSupported RAM Integrity Check Non-ECC, ECCUnbufferedSupported RAM (Registered orBuffered)RAM Features Dual channel memory architectureRAM Installed ( Max )0 MB / 16 GB (max)GraphicsGraphics Controller ATI Radeon HD 4250Memory Allocation Technology Shared Video Memory (UMA)ProcessorInstalled Qty (Max Supported)0 ( 1 )AudioType HD Audio (8-channel)Audio Codec VIA VT1708SSound Output Mode7.1 channel surroundCompliant Standards High Definition AudioAudio Output Sound cardLANNetwork Controller Realtek RTL8111ENetwork Interfaces Gigabit EthernetExpansion / ConnectivityExpansion Slot(s) 1 x processor - Socket AM3 ¦ 4 x memory - DIMM 240-pin ¦ 1 x PCI Express 2.0 x16 ¦ 2 x PCIExpress 2.0 x1 ¦ 1 x PCIStorage Interfaces AMD SB710 : ATA-133 - connector(s): 1 x 40pin IDC - 2 Device(s) ¦ AMD SB710 : Serial AT A-300 -connector(s): 6 x 7pin Serial ATA - 6 Device(s) - RAID 0 / RAID 1 / RAID 10 / JBODInterfaces 1 x keyboard / mouse - generic - 6 pin mini-DIN (PS/2 style) ¦ 4 x Hi-Speed USB - 4 PIN USB Type A ¦2 x SuperSpeed USB 3.0 - 9 pin USB Type A ¦ 1 x network - Ethernet10Base-T/100Base-TX/1000Base-T - RJ-45 ¦ 1 x audio - line-out - mini-phone stereo 3.5 mm ¦ 1 xaudio - line-In - mini-phone stereo 3.5 mm ¦ 1 x microphone - input - mini-phone 3.5mm ¦ 1 x audio -line-out (side surround) - mini-phone stereo 3.5 mm ¦ 1 x audio - line-out (rear) - mini-phone stereo3.5 mm ¦ 1 x audio - line-out (centre/subwoofer) - mini-phone 3.5mm ¦ 1 x display / video - HDMI - 19pin HDMI Type A ¦ 1 x display / video - DVI-Digital - 24 pin digital DVI ¦ 1 x display / video - VGA - 15pin HD D-Sub (HD-15) ¦ 6 x Hi-Speed USB ( internal )Power Connectors4-pin ATX12V connector, 24-pin main power connectorAdditional Connectors (Optional) 6 x Hi-Speed USBVideoGraphics Controller ATI Radeon HD 4250 Shared Video Memory (UMA)FeaturesBIOS Type AMIBIOS Features DMI 2.0 support, WfM 2.0 support, ASUS MyLogo2, ASUS Quiet Thermal Solution, ASUS EZ Flash2, ASUS O.C. Profile, ACPI 2.0a support, SMBIOS 2.5 supportManual Settings CPU frequency, processor core voltage, memory voltage, PCI Express x16 slot frequency, chipsetvoltageSleep / Wake Up Wake on LAN (WOL), wake on ring (WOR)Hardware Features ASUS Q-Fan, C.P.R. (CPU Parameter Recall), AMD Cool 'n' Quiet T echnology, jack retasking, ASUSAnti-Surge Protection, MemOK!, GPU NOS, ASUS Turbo Key, CrashFree BIOS 3, ASUS AI NET2,ASUS Stepless Frequency Selection (SFS), audio jack detect technology, ASUS CPU Level Up,ASUS Precision Tweaker 2, ASUS Express Gate, ASUS EPU-4 Engine, ASUS TurboV, CoreUnlocker, AMD Hybrid CrossFireX technology supportTelecom / NetworkingNetworking Network adapter - Realtek RTL8111E - Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit EthernetMiscellaneousSoftware Included Drivers & Utilities, ASUS Live Update, ASUS Express Gate, ASUS Auto T uningCompatible with Windows 7"Compatible with Windows 7" software and devices carry Microsoft’s assurance that these productshave passed tests for compatibility and reliability with 32-bit and 64-bit Windows 7.Compliant Standards Plug and Play, RoHS, ACPI 2.0aWidth24.4 cmDepth24.4 cmSiewert & Kau take no accountability nor guarantee that all information contained on these pages is current and complete.。
天地伟业48进8出矩阵切换控制器软件说明书
Warning Statements多媒体控制软件需要安装在硬盘录像机上，才能实现对矩阵主机的控制管理，本说明书以天地伟业硬盘录像机为例进行介绍。
本机的设计和制造充分考虑了安装人员、操作人员以及辅助设备的安全问题，但不正确的安装和使用也可能引起触电伤人或漏电失火，在安装本机时，须考虑下述情况：一、安装1、安装前请打开包装先根据配件清单，清点包装内的配件是否齐全，如有缺损请及时向厂家或供货商提出，以免由于缺损导致设备无法正常工作；2.产品的安装调试应由专业人员操作或在专业人员指导下进行；3、安装时请考虑安放位置的环境因素，注意防尘、防水，远离高温的热源和环境，避免阳光直接照射；4、为确保硬盘录像机正常散热，应避开通风不良的场所，切勿堵塞硬盘录像机的通风口，机箱后部设计有散热风扇，因此安装时其后部应距离其它设备或墙壁5cm以上；5、硬盘录像机应水平安装，避免安装在会剧烈震动的场所；6、第一次使用前请认真阅读说明书的快速入门部分，避免由于使用不当造成设备无法正常使用或损坏；7、切记不要尝试自己拆盖维修，以免造成设备损坏；8、请使用原厂配件或由制造商推荐的配件。
二、避免电击和失火1、切记勿用湿手触摸电源和硬盘录像机；2、勿将液体溅落在硬盘录像机上，以免造成机器内部短路或失火；3、勿将其它设备直接放置于硬盘录像机上部；4、当硬盘录像机的电源线与电源插座连接后，即使未启动，机器内部仍有电压，所以必须确保电源线与电源插座脱离后才可打开机箱盖。
三、运输与搬运1、本机的包装经过抗震设计和实验，搬运时，最好使用原来的包装材料和纸箱；2、运输装有硬盘的录像机时，务必将硬盘安装在硬盘架中，并用螺丝固定，否则可能会造成硬盘损伤而不能正常工作；3、避免在过冷、过热的场所间相互搬动录像机，以免机器内部产生结露，影响机器的使用寿命；4、严禁带电搬动本机，否则会损坏硬盘和主板。
四．特别注意：在使用时，我们特别提醒，硬盘录像机在带电状态下：1.不能直接插拔硬盘；2、不能直接插拔音视频线、串口线；3、不能直接带电插拔解码器、报警解码器及球型摄像机设备连线。
华硕主板图纸全集以及价格
Intel G41
Intel ICH7
LGA 775
华硕 M4N68T
nVIDIA
AM3
内存插槽 价格
2 DDR3 DIMM
¥399
2 DDR2 DIMM
¥379
2 DDR3 DIMM
¥409
2 DDR3 DIMM
¥449
2 DDR DIMM
¥470
2 DDR2 DIMM
¥470
2 DDR3 DIMM
LGA
1155
2 DDR3 DIMM
LGA
1155
2 DDR3 DIMM
AM3
4 DDR3 DIMM
¥649 ¥649 ¥649 ¥649 ¥649 ¥649 ¥649 ¥699 ¥699 ¥699 ¥699 ¥699 ¥749 ¥699 ¥699 ¥599
华硕 M4A77TD
AMD
AMD SB710
AMD 970
AMD SB950
华硕 F2A85-M
AMD
AMD A85(Huds on D4)
华硕 M4A87TD
AMD
AMD 870
AMD SB850
华硕 M4A78-E SE 华硕 P8H61 PRO
AMD
英特尔 (Intel)
SB750
华硕 P8H67
英特尔 (Intel)
华硕 P8H77-M LE
LGA 775
华硕 P5G41T-M LX
英特尔 (Intel)
Intel ICH7
LGA 775
华硕 P5KPL SE
AM
英特尔 (Intel)
Intel ICH7
LGA 775
华硕 P5KPL-AM SE
华硕 M4N78 SE 说明书
用 戶 手 冊C4424第 1 版2009 年 2 月發行版權所有‧不得翻印 © 2009 華碩電腦本產品的所有部分，包括配件與軟件等，其相關知識產權等歸華碩電腦公司（以下簡稱華碩）或授權華碩使用的相關主體所有，未經權利主體許可，不得任意地仿製、拷貝、摘抄或轉譯。
本用戶手冊沒有任何型式的擔保、立場表達或其它暗示。
若有任何因本用戶手冊或其所提到之產品信息，所引起直接或間接的數據流失、利益損失或事業終止，華碩及其所屬員工恕不為其擔負任何責任。
除此之外，本用戶手冊所提到的產品規格及信息只作參考，內容亦會隨時疏漏或升級，恕不另行通知。
下列因素導致的產品故障或損壞不在免費保修範圍內：A. 因天災(水災、火災、地震、雷擊、颱風等)、遇不可抗拒外力或人為之操作使用不慎造成之損害。
B. 自行拆裝、修理、或將產品送至非華碩認証之維修點進行檢測維修。
C. 用戶擅自或請第三人修改、修復、變更規格及安裝、添加、擴充非本公司原廠銷售、授權或認可之配件所引起之故障與損壞。
D. 因用戶自行安裝軟件及設定不當所造成之使用問題及故障。
E. 計算機病毒所造成之問題及故障。
F. 本公司保修識別標籤撕毀或無法辨認，涂改保修服務卡或與產品不符。
G. 要求華碩提供軟件安裝服務(用戶需自行提供原版軟件)、軟件故障排除或清除密碼等。
H. 其它不正常使用所造成之問題及故障。
用戶手冊中所談論到的產品名稱僅做識別之用，而這些名稱可能是屬於其他公司的註冊商標或是版權。
關於產品規格最新的升級信息請您到華碩的官方網站瀏覽或是直接與華碩公司聯絡。
ii請 用 剪 刀 沿 虛 線 剪 下目 錄 內 容 (vii)安全性須知 (viii)電氣方面的安全性 (viii)操作方面的安全性 (viii)關於這本用戶手冊 (viii)用戶手冊的編排方式 (viii)提示符號 (ix)跳線帽及圖示說明 (ix)哪裡可以找到更多的產品信息 (ix)M4N78 SE 規格列表 (xi)第一章：產品介紹1.1 歡迎加入華碩愛好者的行列 ....................................................................................1-11.2 產品包裝 .........................................................................................................................1-11.3 特殊功能 ..........................................................................................................................1-11.3.1 產品特寫 .........................................................................................................1-11.3.2 華碩獨家研發功能 .......................................................................................1-31.4 主板安裝前 ....................................................................................................................1-4電力指示燈 ....................................................................................................................1-41.5 主板概述 .........................................................................................................................1-51.5.1 主板的擺放方向 ..........................................................................................1-51.5.2 螺絲孔位 ........................................................................................................1-51.5.3 主板結構圖 ....................................................................................................1-61.5.4 主板元件說明 ...............................................................................................1-71.6 中央處理器（CPU） .................................................................................................1-71.6.1 安裝中央處理器 ..........................................................................................1-71.6.2 安裝散熱器與風扇 ......................................................................................1-91.7 系統內存 .......................................................................................................................1-101.7.1 概述 ...............................................................................................................1-101.7.2 內存設置 ......................................................................................................1-111.7.3 安裝內存條 ..................................................................................................1-161.7.4 取出內存條 ..................................................................................................1-161.8 擴展插槽 .......................................................................................................................1-171.8.1 安裝擴展卡 ..................................................................................................1-171.8.2 設置擴展卡 ..................................................................................................1-171.8.3 PCI 擴展插槽 ..............................................................................................1-171.8.4 PCI Express x1 擴展插槽 .....................................................................1-171.8.5 PCI Express x16 擴展插槽 ..................................................................1-171.9 跳線選擇區 ..................................................................................................................1-181.10 元件與外圍設備的連接 ...........................................................................................1-201.10.1 後側面板連接端口 ....................................................................................1-201.10.2 內部接口 ......................................................................................................1-211.11 軟件支持 .......................................................................................................................1-261.11.1 安裝操作系統 .............................................................................................1-261.11.2 驅動程序與應用程序光盤信息 .............................................................1-26第二章：BIOS 信息2.1 管理、更新您的 BIOS 程序 ....................................................................................2-12.1.1 華碩在線升級（ASUS Update） .........................................................2-12.1.2 使用華碩 EZ Flash 2 升級 BIOS 程序................................................2-22.1.3 使用 CrashFree BIOS 3 程序恢復 BIOS 程序 .................................2-32.2 BIOS 程序設置 .............................................................................................................2-42.2.1 BIOS 程序菜單介紹 ...................................................................................2-52.2.2 程序功能表列說明 ......................................................................................2-52.2.3 操作功能鍵說明 ..........................................................................................2-62.2.4 菜單項目 ........................................................................................................2-62.2.5 子菜單 .............................................................................................................2-62.2.6 設置值 .............................................................................................................2-62.2.7 在線操作說明 ...............................................................................................2-62.2.8 設置窗口 ........................................................................................................2-62.2.9 滾動條 .............................................................................................................2-62.3 主菜單（Main） ..........................................................................................................2-72.3.1 System Time [xx:xx:xx] ..........................................................................2-72.3.2 System Date [Day xx/xx/xxxx] ..........................................................2-72.3.3 Primary IDE Master/Slave, SATA1~4 設備 ....................................2-72.3.4 存儲設備設置（Storage Configuration） ........................................2-82.3.5 系統信息（System Information） .......................................................2-92.4 高級菜單（Advanced） ...........................................................................................2-92.4.1 JumperFree設置（JumperFree Configuration） ..........................2-92.4.2 處理器設置（CPU Configuration） ..................................................2-122.4.3 芯片組設置（Chipset） .........................................................................2-122.4.4 內置設備設置（Onboard Devices Configuration） ....................2-132.4.5 PCI 即插即用設備（PCI PnP） ..........................................................2-142.4.6 USB 設備設置（USB Configuration） ............................................2-142.5 電源管理（Power） ................................................................................................2-152.5.1 Suspend Mode [Auto] ...........................................................................2-152.5.2 ACPI 2.0 Support [Disabled] ...............................................................2-152.5.3 ACPI APIC Support [Enabled] ............................................................2-15i2.5.4 高級電源設置（APM Configuration） ............................................2-152.5.5 系統監控功能（Hardware Monitor） ..............................................2-162.6 啟動菜單（Boot） ...................................................................................................2-172.6.1 啟動設備順序（Boot Device Priority） ..........................................2-172.6.2 啟動選項設置（Boot Settings Configuration） ...........................2-172.6.3 安全性菜單（Security） .........................................................................2-182.7 工具菜單（Tools） ..................................................................................................2-192.7.1 ASUS EZ Flash 2 .....................................................................................2-192.7.2 Express Gate [Auto] ..............................................................................2-202.7.3 AI NET 2 .....................................................................................................2-202.8 退出 BIOS 程序（Exit） ........................................................................................2-21ii安全性須知電氣方面的安全性‧ 為避免可能的電擊造成嚴重損害，在搬動電腦主機之前，請先將電腦電源線暫時從電源插槽中拔掉。
AMD640开六核操作
AMD X4 640和AMD X4 960T是近期最为火爆的开核CPU，一经开核后，四核立马提升为六核，性价比极高。
不过开核使用，除了CPU本身支持开核外，主板的设置也至关重要，很多新手朋友都不是很清楚如何在主板上进行开核设置，下面我给大家进行一个详细的图文讲解，希望对大家开核使用有所帮助。
我这里介绍的是几款最经典的开核主板，分别为：微星880GMS-E41（微星880G 870各个型号基本都通用）、技嘉880GM-D2H(技嘉880G 870 970主板基本通用）、华硕M4A88T-M LE、华硕M5A97(华硕970系列通用）、华擎880GMH/U3S3（华擎880G 970系列通用）。
由于开核主板型号太多，我也没有条件一一测试，希望这个教程对大家起到抛砖引玉的效果。
微星880GMS-E41（微星880G 870各个型号基本都通用）步骤一：开机按DEL键进入BIOS 选择Cell Menu步骤二：如图所示设置步骤三：如图所示选项，可以打开或者关闭CPU核心，也可以很直观的看到有几个核心步骤四：由于节能选项打开时，会在CPU闲置时候减低频率，所以对CPU性能有较高要求的朋友，可以关闭节能选项以获得CPU最佳性能步骤五：部分版本的880GMS-E41或者870A-G46，在单独打开开核选项后，可能还是无法开核这个时候需要搭配主板自带的超频精灵来操作（即OC Genie Lite),如下图所示步骤六：未开启自动超频精灵时的频率步骤七：开启超频精灵后，可以看到上面的频率已经是3.43G，CPU外频也已经达到229，因为自动超频的频率，未必十分稳定，所以我建议大家在开核成功后，关闭自动超频精灵，把CPU外频降低，开启自动超频精灵的主要目的，还是为了配合开核。
步骤八：把CPU外频改成200，那就是CPU默认频率步骤九：开核成功，这里已经显示六个核心了，大功告成技嘉880GM-D2H(技嘉880G 870 970主板基本通用）步骤一：技嘉主板设置就比较简单，开机按DEL键进入BIOS，选择下图选项步骤二：把下图的CPU开核选项打开步骤三：未开核前，如下图所示是4个核心步骤四：开核成功后，这里可以看到是6个核心步骤五：下图选项是手动控制开关CPU核心的选项华硕M4A88T-M LE步骤一：这个型号的主板支持一键开核，大家可以在开机的时候连续按键盘的数字键“4”，如下图所示步骤二：已经开成六核了，如下图所示，非常简单步骤三：如果需要手动开核，可以根据以下设置，开机按DEL键进入BIOS选择下图选项进入步骤四：由于节能选项打开时，会在CPU闲置时候减低频率，所以对CPU性能有较高要求的朋友，可以关闭节能选项以获得CPU最佳性能步骤五：开核成功后，就是显示下图所示的型号，请大家放心，不会影响CPU的正常使用步骤六：开核前是显示X4 960T，大家可以前后对照一下步骤七：开核选项如下图所以，选择ALL Cores步骤八：Unleashing Mode也需要打开步骤九：开核成功后，开机会显示如下字幕，这是因为开成六核的型号，主板BIOS无法识别CPU型号代码，这个信息可以在主板里面设置关闭，也不会对CPU使用造成任何影响步骤十：具体操作是进入主板BIOS后，选择下图选项步骤十一：把下图选项关闭，开机就不会显示上面出现的烦人提示了华硕M5A97(华硕970系列通用）步骤一：开机按DEL键进入BIOS，然后选择进入高级模式，方法如下图步骤二：点选Advancde Mode就是高级模式步骤三：在高级模式中选择下图所示选项步骤四：ASUS Core Unlocker就是开核选项选择打开步骤五：开核成功，显示六个核心步骤六：我们还可以关闭CPU节能选项，以获得CPU的最佳性能可以选择下图选项步骤七：关闭下述选项就可以关闭CPU的节能选项了华擎880GMH/U3S3（华擎880G 970系列通用）步骤一：开机后按DEL键键入BIOS,选择OC Tweaker选项，再选择ASRock UCC步骤二：如下图所示，这个选项可以开启关闭CPU核心步骤三：开核前显示X4 960T步骤四：开核后，显示下图型号，说明开核成功了，具体型号可以进入系统后，用CPU-Z软件查看步骤五：开核成功后，已经可以看到是六个核心了以上就是主流开核主板的设置方法，大家可以好好借鉴一下，如果还有不明白的地方，可以和我们旺旺客服联系，希望大家都能用到廉价又好用的六核开核CPU。
WICE-4 8MA用户手册说明书
LEAP ELECTRONICContentsI. Introduction (1)II. Supported Devices (1)III. Accessories (2)IV. Host Computer Requirements (3)V. Installation (3)VI. Hardware Specification (3)VII. DOS Operation Introduction (4)1.Path File Operation under DOS (4)The error message (6)2.Windows Operation under DOS (7)A.TYPE (7)B.WICE (7)C.DISK (8)D.HELP (11)E.PROCESS (12)F.PARAMETER (13)G.Window software operating example (13)VIII. Set Up Windows Software (14)IX. Windows Operation (16)1.Introduce File (16)2.Process-WICE control box (19)3.Buffer (21)4.Option (25)5.Help (25)6.Window (26)WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUALI. IntroductionWICE-4/8MA is a high performance in-circuit emulator for developing and debugging ROM/SRAM applications. It offers real-time emulation up to 8M bit.WICE-4/8MA interface to an IBM PC or clone via the printer port.It is able to be driven under DOS or Windows 3.1/95.It is mainly a manual for WICE-8MA, if you buy a WICE-4MA, the operation is the same as WICE-8MA.II. Supported DevicesWICE-4MACapacity Quantity Device Low voltage Device2K ¡Ñ 8 2 2716 -4K ¡Ñ 8 2 2732 -8K ¡Ñ 8 2 2764 -16K ¡Ñ 8 2 27128 -32K ¡Ñ 8 2 27256 -64K ¡Ñ 8 2 27512 -128K ¡Ñ 8 2 27010 27LV010256K ¡Ñ 8 2 27020 27LV020512K ¡Ñ 8 1 27040 27LV04064K ¡Ñ 16 1 271024 27LV1024128K ¡Ñ 16 1 272048 27LV2048256K ¡Ñ 16 1 274096 27LV40962K ¡Ñ 8 2 6116 -8K ¡Ñ 8 2 6264 -32K ¡Ñ 8 2 62256 -128K ¡Ñ 8 2 628128 --1-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL WICE-8MACapacity Quantity Device Low voltage Device2K ¡Ñ 8 2 2716 -4K ¡Ñ 8 2 2732 -8K ¡Ñ 8 2 2764 -16K ¡Ñ 8 2 27128 -32K ¡Ñ 8 2 27256 -64K ¡Ñ 8 2 27512 -128K ¡Ñ 8 2 27010 27LV010256K ¡Ñ 8 2 27020 27LV020512K ¡Ñ 8 2 27040 27LV0401024K¡Ñ 8 1 27080 27LV08064K ¡Ñ 16 1 271024 27LV1024128K ¡Ñ 16 1 272048 27LV2048256K ¡Ñ 16 1 274096 27LV40962K ¡Ñ 8 2 6116 -8K ¡Ñ 8 2 6264 -32K ¡Ñ 8 2 62256 -128K ¡Ñ 8 2 628128 -512K ¡Ñ 8 2 628512 -P.S.Low voltage type must have 3.3V adaptor and switch to 3.3 voltage selection.III. Accessories1. Standard Accessories:* WICE-4/8MA mainframe x 1* 26-pin cable x 1* 32-pin single connector flat cable x 1* 32-pin double connector flat cable x 1* 16 bit 40-pin module + flat cable x 1* 4 signal line hook x 1* 28-pin IC socket x 2* System software disk x 1* User manual x 1-2-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL* DC power adaptor x 1* 3.3V adaptor x 22. Option* 28F002 module driver* PLCC adaptorIV. Host Computer Requirements*IBM PC or compatible computer (above 386)*MS-DOS VER 3.0(or above); Windows 3.1/95V. Installation1. Plug one head of 26-pin cable in WICE-4/8MA, and another headin printer port.2. Switch the selector to choose which voltage device you want toemulate. For example, you want to emulate 5V device then switch the selector to 5V.3. Plug adaptor in 110V power socket and the other head in WICE-4/8MA DC IN.4. If you want to emulate 3.3V device, add 3.3V adaptor is needed.Then plug 32-pin cable in WICE-4/8MA.5. Install the system software. (key in INST8MD.EXE under DOS)6. Run the software.VI. Hardware Specification1. Transmit by printer port.2. One printer port can control 2 units of WICE-4/8MA.-3-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL3. The switch is able to be adjusted to 3.3V or 5V.(Note:There is no reverse protection when the switch is at 3.3V if without 3.3V adaptor.)4. Signal line is able to control RESET or HOLD o n targetboard.VII. DOS Operation IntroductionNote:Change W8 into W4 if you operate WICE-4MA.1. Path File Operation under DOSw8 [d:][path] file name [/type] [/#ID] [/EVEN] [/ODD] [/RESET] [/LPTn] [/Nn] [/Snnnnnn] [/V](1) [d:] [path] file name: the files which users need to be simulated,include set the disk number/path/file name/accessory filename.(2)[/type]: assign the name of device[/16] or [/2716] = 2K ¡Ñ 8bits[/32] or [/2732] = 4K ¡Ñ 8bits[/64] or [/2764] = 8K ¡Ñ 8bits[/128] or [/27128] = 16K ¡Ñ 8bits[/256] or [/27256] = 32K ¡Ñ 8bits[/512] or [/27512] = 64K ¡Ñ 8bits[/010] or [/27010] = 128K ¡Ñ 8bits[/020] or [/27020] = 256K ¡Ñ 8bits[/040] or [/27040] = 512K ¡Ñ 8bits[/080] or [/27080] = 1024K ¡Ñ 8bits(3) [/#ID]: assign the emulator. One printer port is able to controltwo units of WICE-4/8M and each WICE-4/8M has twoport.[/#1A]=WICE-#1A-4-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL[/#1B]=WICE-#1B[/#2A]=WICE-#2A[/#2B]=WICE-#1B(4) [/EVEN]: set the data of even position loaded(5) [/ODD]: set the data of odd position loaded(6) [/RESET]: set the reset signal after transmission, reset the circuit.(7) [/LPTn]: select the number of Printer Port, n might be 1-4. If you do not want to set this parameter, it will automatically set to "LTP1".(8) [/Snnnnnn]: select the beginning position of loaded files.(9) [/V]: verify the data which is from PC to WICE-4/8MA to make sure the correction of the data.(10) [W8/?]: mention that the way to set parameter. It will show you like following.Example:W8 TEST. BIN /010 /VEmulate 27010 from file TEST.BIN to port A-5-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUALThe error message1. Have not source file name enter!without assigning the source of the file name2. Source file not found!could not find the source file3. Source file read error!the error made from reading source file4. Source file not *.EXE file or bad!the source file is not *.EXE or the file length is not enough5. Illegal start offset address!the start address is wrong6. Start offset > file length!the start address is longer than the file length7. Illegal download source file allocate to device numberError in downloading source file allocate to device number8. Download data to WICE-8MA error!the error from transmitted verification9. Check the power and the cable of WICE!make sure the conncetion of power and the cable of WICE 10. Port B not ready check Port B please!please check Port B if it is ready11. WICE hardware do not define parallel port (LPTn)!WICE hardware do not define parallel port address-6-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-7-2. Window Operation under DOSKey in WICE-4/8/MA under this path and get into main chart.TYPE : set the type of outputWICE : the function of output/inputDISK : disk loading operating systemHELP : operating introduction and EPROM pinout introductionPROCESS : process the data in bufferPARAMETER : set the parameterA. TYPE:Set the IC type and output position[T] Set emulator typeAccording to IC position for choosing the type of ICB. WICE:Transmit the data from buffer to WICE.1. [M] Move data block to WICEMove buffer data from 0000 position to WICE2. [Shift] [M] Move any block to WICE User can transmit anyblock data to WICEWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL3. [R] Read WICE data into bufferRead the data from WICE into buffer4. [N] Read WICE data check sumCalculate and show the data check sum5. [V] Verify WICE/Buffer dataVerify the difference between WICE and buffer, if there are differences it will show you the address and the data. 6. [Ctrl] [C] Clear WICE data to "FF"h”hClear WICE data to "FF"h7. [E]Move data with error checkExamine error while transmitting data”h8. [1] Reset target board (Pluse)Send the pluse signal to target board, it is a signal which is from high to low and then back to high.9. [Shift] [1] Change RESET Output stateChange RESET output state from high to low or from low to high.10. [2] Change "HOLD" output stateChange HOLD output state from high to low or from low to high.11. [3] Change "USER" output stateChange USER output state from high to low or from low to high.12. [Z] Change memory (cache) segmentChange memory cache segmentC. DISKDisk loading operating system.1. [Ctrl] [D] List disk directoryList the file name/length/date in the disk-8-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL2. [L] Load disk data file to bufferDownload disk files to PC buffer, it will list 26 types of transmission format. Normally, it is [2] Binary/Machine Code or [3] Intel HEX format. You do not have to key in the file name, simply use A:\*.* to list the data in the file and download it by using the cursor.Start address [00000]: indicate the start address of buffer, Fill 0/FF/NO: fill in [ ].[0]: clear the buffer data to 00h before loading[F]: clear the buffer data to FFh before loading[N]: do nothing to buffer before loading3. [S] Save buffer data to diskSave buffer data to floppy or hard disk4. [Shift] [L] Load encryption data to bufferload encryption data to buffer5. [Shift] [S] Save encryption data to diskSave encryption data to disk6. [Ctrl] [M] Define macro keyUser define macro key to bufferMacro key capture:[ ] you can set from F1 to F10-9-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-10-Macro key remark: [ ] key in the note of file name Example:Set the procedure in ROM.BIN into macro key.(1) Press [Ctrl] [M] and do the set-up like following: Macro key capture: [F2]Macro key remark: [ ROM.BIN](2) Press [Enter](3) Press [L] to load 26 types and click [2] Binary/ Machine Code(4) Press [Enter] to load A: *.* then [Enter], after listing file name move the cursor to ROM.BIN(5) Press [Enter], choose the start address 0000. Press [F] to select blank and fill the data. Then press [Enter] to start loading.(6) Press [Ctrl] [M] to end the set-up procedresNote: You can press [F2] to repeat above procedures.7. [Ctrl] [E] Erase macro keyErase the set-up macro key8. [Ctrl] [T] List macro keyList macro key and its explanatory notes9. [Ctrl] [L] Load macro key fileLoad macro key file to buffer, it will automatically load UNIV.KEY when you get into the system.10. [Ctrl] [S] Save macro key file to diskSave macro key file to disk11. [Shift] [T] View text fileView text file on screen, the function is the same as "type" in DOS.WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL12. [Ctrl] [I] Rest time, system lockRest time which you can set password to avoid someone else usurp the data.13. [0] To decompose big file (>262K)Decompose big file into small one. Please refer to HELP.14. [W] Select mega buffer fileSelect mega buffer in disk15. [Shift] [I] Initial mega file buffer file in diskProduct 1MEGA buffer in disk16. [Ctrl] [Q] Exit, Return DOSEnd of work, press [S] SAVE all parameter and file then exit Press [Y] EXIT return to DOS, not saving the dataPress [N] No not leaving the emulator softwareD. HELPOperating introduction and pin configuration1. [H] HELPOperating introduction, you can check by [Pgup] [Pgdn] 2. [ I ] Device informationProvide IC pin configuration-11-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUALE. PROCESSProcess the data in buffer.1. [D] Dump/Edit buffer dataShowing the whole buffer data which contain HEX/ASCII to edit. It will show you the binary, hexadecimal and ASCII CODE of code format.Key in [Ctrl] [E] to edit HEX[Ctrl] [A] to edit ASCII[Ctrl] [D] to go the data you want to examine[ESC] back to main screenThis function will provide you a easy way to DUMP and EDIT. You can press [Ctrl] [F2] into a special process buffer 2. [U] Display buffer used mapShow the current buffer condition to provide users analyzing 3. [Shift] [D] Edit encryption tableProvide a spare buffer (256K byte) to process input password, like encryption code4. [Shift] [C] Buffer data lock/unlockProtect the data in main buffer. You may retrieve thedata by processing the same password.5. [Ctrl] [N] Read memory check sumRead memory check sum from buffer6. [Ctrl] [F] Buffer fill (FFh) dataFill buffer with FFh data7. Buffer fill (00h) dataFill buffer with 00h data8. Fill sequential word into allFill buffer with sequential word9. Fill sequential byte into all-12-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUALFill buffer with sequential byte10. [Ctrl] [X] Divide 16/32/64 to 8 bitDivide buffer data into 8 bit11. [Shift] [X] Combine 8 to 16/32 bitCombine 8 bit into 16/32 bitF. PARAMETERSet the parameter.1. [Shift] [A] 8 bit BUS all addressTransmit 8 bit data from buffer to WICE-4/8MA2. [Shift] [E] 16 bit BUS Even addressTransmit 16 bit ,Even data from buffer to WICE-4/8MA 3. [Shift] [0] 16 bit BUS Odd addressTransmit 16 bit ,Odd data from buffer to WICE-4/8MA 4. [Ctrl] [0] Select printer portSelect printer portG. Window software operating exampleTransmit BIN of 27010 to drive# on WICE-4/8MA.1. Press [TYPE] and select [0] WICE#A (27010) to set the size of WICE#A-13-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL2. Select [L] Load disk data file to buffer in DISK, it will showyou 26 transmission types . Choose Binary/Machine code,then [Enter], the start address is (00000), [Enter],Fill 0/FF/No: [N], then the data is loading in buffer.3. Select WICE key in [E], it will show you [WICE-1#A (27010)-378 address is A], then press[Enter] for transmitting the datato drive#A.4. Turn on target boardVIII. Set Up Windows Software1. Standard Requirements*IBM PC or compatible computer (above 386)*10M hardisk space*WINDOWS 3.1/95*8M RAM2. Installation Procedures[A] Please back up your software disk.[B] Turn on your computer and set the Windows in, please in the-14-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL"SETUP DISK" and execute the "SETUP.EXE" in order to set the WICE-4/8MA main program into computer.[C] Your screen will show the dialogue to choose the set-up path, please key in the path of the file that you want to install.[D] When you finish the set-up, it appears a new program in your Windows explorer.[E] You can check WICE-4/8MA chart twice to execute the main program.3.Connect WICE-4/8MAIntroduction:Please follow the procedures to connect the WICE-4/8MA with PC.-15-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-16-Connection Procedure:[A] Plug one head of cable in WICE-4/8MA and the other head in printer port.[B] Turn it on and execute the WICE-4/8MA main program.[C] Select Process-WICE control box on the MENU and turn into WICE Control Box.(Or click the third button on Tool bar).[D] Take a look at WICE DRIVE SELECT, if it is dissolved then it doesn't connected. You can click Auto Detect WICE in WICE Control Box, do the detection again.[E] Click Auto Detect WICE, if it is still dissolved then check [A] [B] and repeat [C] [D] [E].IX . Windows OperationWICE-4/8MA MENUMenu IntroductionFile : functions of file processBuffer : function of file editingProcess: hardware processOption : working environment optionHelp : on line helpWindow : re-arrange windows1. Introduce FileWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-17-Load: load in a old fileIt will show you a Dialog box like followingPath : to select load pathName : to select load nameFile format : to select file format Buffersize : to select buffer range (max 16Mbyte)Source : to select the start file address and end address (Program will self-judge if the input correct or not)Destination : to select the buffer destination start address for disk and input unused block.unused fill : unused data fill.Browse : to select file by browseWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-18-Save: save filesIt will show you a Dialogue box like following.Path : to select save pathName : to select save nameFile format : to select file formatSelect buffer range : to select buffer range (Program will self- judge if the input correct or not)Destination : to select the buffer destination start address for disk and input unused block.unused fill : unused data fill.Browse : to select file by browseBuffer range : to fill the buffer range in the destination File range : to use file range to fill select buffer range Close: close the current window (current window is focus window)Exit:exit current programWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-19-2. Process-WICE control boxIntroductionMainly to open the "WICE control box" dialog and control the hardware of WICE-4/8MA. Explain the approach like following about "WICE control box"”.[WICE control box]WICE DRIVE SELECTTo select the device number of emulation device.SOURCESelect the data which will transmit to WICE-4/8MA PROGRESSShow the progress at the presentWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUALStart addressSelect the start address of transmissionTransfer with verifyVerify data while transmitting, but it delay the transmitting timeMove data block to WICETransmit data to WICE-4/8MARead WICE data into bufferRead data from WICE-4/8MARead WICE data check sumRead data check sum from WICE-4/8MAVerify WICE/Buffer dataVerify the data in buffer and WICE-4/8MACheck sumShow the check sum of dataUSERHi: turn the USER test hook to high level voltageLow: turn the USER test hook to low level voltageHOLDHi: turn the HOLD test hook to high level voltageLow: turn the HOLD test hook to low level voltage-20-WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-21-RESETPluse: In RESET test hook, it will output pluse from Low to High Hi: turn the RESET test hook to high level voltageLow: turn the RESET test hook to low level voltageAuto Detect WICEDetect the connection of WICE-4/8MANote:It will delay transmitting time while you choose "Transfer with verify".3. BufferNew:open a new edit window to use a blank bufferWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-22-Jump: move the cursor to an address where you would like to go. Just fill the address and press OK, then you can go there quickly.Block: for copy, or move, or exchange the block content.Action: to select to block1. copy : to copy block2. move: to move block3. swap: to swap two blocksSource: to select source block.DESTINATION: to select the destination address.Buffer range: to fill the buffer range in the destinationFile range: to fill the file range in the destinationNote: If input wrong to the above selection, the program willsend message to remind you.WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-23-Search: search for the goal dataStyle: select the search style( use Binary or ASCII to search)Action : to select the search startSearch next : to search the next oneFirst : the first search dataTarget : the target data (ASCII or Binary)Range:Start Address:search start addressEnd Address :search end addressMax range :the maximum buffer addressFile range :the maximum range of file address that you have already load.Fill:fill in dataWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-24-Fill data : select fill data:All fill bit 1 :All bit fill "1"All fill bit 0 :All bit fill "0"User define : to fill the user define byte.Range : to select and fill the rangeMax range : to fill the range with maximum butter range File range : to fill the range with the maxumum file range Get Check Sum: get the check sum from the Edit.Range: to select the range of calculationMax range: the maximum buffer rangeFile range: the maximum file rangeInsert File: Insert the file to the edit file. (only accept Binary type)Use Map: use map to reflect the data of the edit file.The window of use mapWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-25-Buffer resize: resize the bufferSize: select the length of buffer4. OptionIntroductionThese selections are for you to set the working environment.Hide status bar: you can hide status bar by choosing this Text color: you have 15 colors option to chooseBig tools bar & Small tools bar: you can shift big tools bar or small tools bar5. HelpMain guide: You can choose this function if you have any questionabout WICE-4/8MA.WICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-26-Device information: Show the information of emulated devices pinout like following.6. WindowCascade: to use cascade way for arranging windowsTile[horizontal]: to use horizontal way for arranging windowsWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-27-Tile [vertical]: to use horizontal way for arranging windows[ arrange windows by horizontal way ]Arrange Icons: to use arrange icons for arranging windows[ icons arrangement]Close All: to close all of windowsWICE-4/8MA USER'S MANUAL-28-7. Tools BarFile---Load function File---Save functionWICE Control box。
M84 用户手册
Mo T eC M84 User’s ManualContentsIntroduction (1)Additional Documentation (1)Overview (3)Options (3)ECU Inputs & Outputs (4)Calibration & Setup (7)ECU Functions (8)MoTeC Software (11)PC Requirements (11)Connecting a PC to the ECU (11)Installing the Software (11)Starting the Software (12)ECU Manager Software (12)Data Logging (12)Installation (15)Throttle Position or MAP Load Sensing (15)Sensors (15)Wiring (19)Fuel System (21)Ignition System (25)Auxiliary Valves (27)ECU Mounting (27)ECU Cleaning (27)Initial Setup (29)Main Setup (29)Sensor Setup (30)Input / Output Functions (30)Other Functions (31)Initial Calibration (33)Fuel Tables (33)Ignition Tables (34)Initial Starting Procedure (37)Pre Start Checks (37)Starting (39)After Start Checks (40)Calibration (43)Warning Alarms (43)Ensure that the engine is “On Site” (43)Site Tables (43)Dyno Calibration (44)Fuel - Main Table (44)Ignition - Main Table (45)Fuel - Injection Timing (46)Fuel - Cold Start (46)Other Calibration Tables (46)Data Logging & Road Testing (47)ECU Manager Software (49)Introduction (49)Basics (49)Calibration Files (51)Versions & Upgrading (51)Screen Layouts (53)Making Adjustments (55)View Screen (65)Testing the ECU Outputs (66)Enabling ECU Options (66)Keyboard Reference (67)Appendices (69)Appendix A: General Specifications (69)Appendix B: Sensor Supplies (70)Appendix C: Input Characteristics (71)Appendix D: Auxiliary Output Characteristics (73)Appendix E: Ignition Output Characteristics (74)Appendix F: Injector Output Characteristics (75)Appendix H: Wire Specifications (76)Appendix J: CAN Wiring - Multiple Devices (77)Appendix K: CAN Bus Wiring - Single Device (78)Appendix L: Pin list by Function (79)Appendix M: Wiring Schematic (81)For racing and off highway use onlyNot legal on emissions controlled vehicles unless appropriately certified © Copyright – MoTeC Pty Ltd 2001-2010The information in this document is subject to change without notice.While every effort is taken to ensure correctness, no responsibility will be taken for the consequences of anyinaccuracies or omissions in this manual.11 April, 2014Mo T eC Introduction 1 IntroductionThank you for purchasing a MoTeC Engine Management System.This manual will help you understand the installation and calibration requirements of your MoTeC Engine Management System.Additional DocumentationAdditional documentation is available in the form of Drawings and TechNotes. These can be downloaded from the MoTeC website at.au. They are also available on the MoTeC Resource CD.Drawing CategoriesAccessoriesECUsLoomsIgnition ModulesCombined Module & Trigger SystemsTrigger SystemsValvesSensorsMiscellaneousTech NotesTraction ControlBoost ControlIdle Speed ControlClosed Loop Lambda ControlWideband Lambda SensorOthers2 Introduction Mo T eCMo T eC Overview 3 OverviewThe MoTeC M84 ECU is a powerful and compact programmable Engine Control Unit (ECU). The M84 is characterised by the following features:•1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 Cylinder/ 2, 3 and 4 rotor operation•8 injector outputs• 6 ignition outputs•8 Auxiliary outputs•Waterproof plastic connector with gold plated contacts•512 kByte logging memory•Single Wideband Lambda inputData LoggingAllows logging of the ECU sensors and operating parameters to the internal data logging memory. The logged data may then be analysed in graphical format using the MoTeC i2 Software.Wideband LambdaAllows Wideband Lambda (Air Fuel Ratio) measurement, which may be usedfor data logging or closed loop control of the Air Fuel Ratio. The ECU is compatible with Bosch LSU 4.0, 4.2 and 4.9 or NTK Wideband Lambda sensors.OptionsA number of options are available which allow the ECU to be configured for a particular need and can also be updated later if necessary.The options may be enabled at any time by entering an enable password. Optional functions include:• Traction Control•Boost Enhancement (Anti-lag)• Hi/Lo Injection•Gear Change Ignition Cut•Advanced Functions (Traction Control, Boost Enhancement (Anti-lag), Hi/Lo Injection, Gear Change Ignition Cut)•Dual Wideband Lambda Inputs4 Overview Mo T eC ECU Inputs & OutputsThe ECU analyses signals from the sensors, then controls the Fuel Injectors,Ignition System and other auxiliary devices according to the Calibration andSetup Data which is stored in the ECU’s programmable memory.The Inputs and Outputs are shown below.Main Engine SensorsThe Main Engine Sensors are required for correct operation of the ECU.The engine RPM is derived from the REF trigger sensor.The SYNC trigger sensor is required to synchronise the Fuel and Ignition tothe correct engine cycle for sequential injection and correct firing of multicoilignition systems.Mo T eC Overview 5 The Throttle Position, Manifold Pressure, Air Temp and Engine Temp areused as inputs to the various calibration tables.Optional SensorsThe Optional Sensors are not required for basic operation of the ECU.The Lambda Inputs may be used for Wideband air fuel ratio measurement or Wideband or Narrowband closed loop Lambda control.The Digital Inputs may be used for wheel speed measurement or to activate functions such as Dual RPM Limit.The other inputs may be used for data logging (e.g. Exhaust Gas Temp, Fuel Pressure etc.) or for special calibration features.Fuel Injector OutputsUp to eight injectors may be driven fully sequentially including very low ohm types (0.5 ohms).Ignition OutputsThe Ignition Outputs may be used to drive many different types of ignition systems, which are detailed in the various ignition system drawings.Up to six ignition outputs are available for multicoil applications.• Up to 8 coils may be driven from one Ignition Output using a MoTeC CDI8 or MoTeC Ignition Expander.Auxiliary OutputsThe M84 has eight Auxiliary Outputs that may be used for:Turbo Waste Gate Control, Idle Speed Control, Gear Change Light, Driver Warning Alarm (plus many others).CAN CommunicationsThe CAN Communications system is a high speed network communications system that allows multiple devices to be connected and communicate with each other.The CAN connection is used for all communications with the PC via the ECU Manager software which includes calibration, diagnostics checking, retrieving the logged data, firmware upgrading and enabling options.6 Overview Mo T eC CAN may be used to communicate with the MoTeC ADL & SDL DashLoggers, PLM, LTC and SLM.RS232 Serial CommunicationsUsed for receiving GPS data input and transmitting MoTeC Data Set 1 for usewith dash displays and loggers.Mo T eC Overview 7 Calibration & SetupCalibration TablesThe Calibration Tables determine how the output devices should be controlled for various sensor readings. For example, the fuel calibration table determines the base injector pulse width for all combinations of RPM and Load. Other calibration tables will also affect the fuel injector pulse width such as Air Temperature compensation and Engine Temperature compensation.The ECU determines the amount of fuel to inject by first calculating the RPM and Load then extracting the corresponding value from the table. If the RPMand Load do not match an RPM and LOAD point exactly then the values from the closest sites are mathematically interpolated to arrive at an intermediate value.A typical 3 dimensional fuel calibration table is shown below.The calibration tables may also be represented graphically as shown below.8 Overview Mo T eC Setup ParametersThe Setup Parameters allow the ECU to be configured for almost any engine.The Setup Parameters include Number of Cylinders, Ignition Type, SensorTypes, Injector Current, Auxiliary Output Functions etc.•The Setup Parameters must be correct before attempting to start the engine.ECU FunctionsThe ECUs can perform a large number of functions in addition to the normalFuel and Ignition control capabilities including; Hi /Lo injection, IndividualCylinder tables for Fuel and Ignition, Rotary Ignition Split and various sensor compensationsThe functions are setup using ECU Manager either in the Functions menu,the Digital Input Functions menu or the Auxiliary Output Functions menu.Help on each function is available from within ECU Manager by pressing theF1 key when the appropriate screen is shown.Tech Notes are available from Mo T eC on the more complicated functions suchas Traction Control.The functions are as follows:FunctionsThe following functions are setup in the Functions menu•Boost Control **•Warning Alarms **• Gear Detection *• Overrun Fuel Cut•Ground Sped Limiting *•Gear Change Ignition Cut *•Boost Enhancement (Anti-lag) *•Lambda Control•Traction Control *• Idle Control* must also be setup in the Digital Input Functions** must also be setup in the Auxiliary Output FunctionsMo T eC Overview 9 Digital Input FunctionsThe following functions are setup in the Digital Input Functions menu •Speed Measurement•Period Measurement•Pulse Measurement• Dual RPM Limit•Air Conditioner Request• Ignition Switch• Brake• Logging Enable• Clutch•Overrun Boost Enhancement•Traction Control Enable•Ground Speed Limiting• Power SteeringAuxiliary Output FunctionsThe following functions are setup in the Auxiliary Output Functions menu• Boost Control•Idle Speed Control•Aux Table Controlled Output• Tacho Signal•Stepper Idle Speed Control• Lambda Sensor Heater•Fuel Pump Control•Thermatic Fan Control•Air Conditioner Fan Control•Air Conditioner Clutch Control•RPM / Load Table Output•Gear Change Light Output•Fuel Used Pulse Output• Slip Warning Output• Alternator Control•Spray Bars Output• Status Output•Thermo Pump10 Overview Mo T eCMo T eC Software 11 MoTeC SoftwareThe following software is available for the M84 ECU.ECU Manager:Used for calibration, setup, diagnostics, output testing,upgrading, unloading the logged data and enablingECU options.i2: Used to analyse the logged data.PC Requirements•IBM PC compatible•200 MHz Pentium or faster•Operating System: Windows XP. Windows Vista, Windows 7 Connecting a PC to the ECUThe PC must be connected to the ECU by a MoTeC UTC or CAN Cable. Note that the ECU must be wired with the mating connector.Installing the SoftwareThe MoTeC Software must be installed on to the PC hard disk before it canbe used.12 Software Mo T eC The main software required is the ECU Manager software, if Data Analysis is required then the i2 software should also be installed.The software can be downloaded from the MoTeC website at.au . It is available on the MoTeC Resource CD.MoTeC is continually updating the software and newer versions may bedownloaded from the website at no charge.To install the software after downloading from the web, double click on the downloaded file and follow the instructions.Note that a separate folder (directory) is automatically created for eachversion of the software. Old versions are kept so that they may be used if necessary.•Do not change the MoTeC directory structure or move the software to a different directory, otherwise the software will not operate correctly. Starting the SoftwareTo start the MoTeC Software double click the appropriate icon on the desktopor select the appropriate program from the Start menu. For example: Start / Programs / MoTeC / M84 / ECU Manager 1.0ECU Manager SoftwareThe ECU Manager software is covered in more detail later in this manual.Data LoggingData Logging allows the ECU operational data to be recorded in a memorychip inside the ECU. The data may then be extracted for analysis on a PC.Data logging is extremely useful for checking mixture readings, sensorreadings, diagnostics errors and other operating information.The items to be logged and the logging rates must be setup using the MoTeCECU Manager software. This is done in the Data Logging Setup screens.The ECU will remember the logged data even if the ECU power is turned off.•If the logging memory becomes full, the oldest data is overwritten so that the most recent data is always available.Mo T eC Software 13 Unloading the Logged DataThe logged data can be extracted by connecting the MoTeC UTC or CAN Cable to the ECU and selecting Utilities | Get Logged Data from the ECU Manager menu.Data Logging AnalysisThe MoTeC i2 s oftware may be used to analyse the logged data.The i2 s oftware is supplied separately to the ECU Manager software.The i2 software makes it easy to analyse mixture readings and other sensor readings by presenting the data in various graphical formats.Refer to the i2 help screen for more detail.14 Software Mo T eCMo T eC Installation 15InstallationThrottle Position or MAP Load SensingThe load point for the fuel and ignition calibration tables may be based on any defined load measuring sensor.The most commonly used are the Throttle Position sensor or the MAP (Manifold Pressure) sensor.Turbo Charged EnginesNormally use Manifold Pressure load sensing (connect the MAP sensor to the inlet manifold).A Throttle Position sensor is optional and will be used for acceleration enrichment if fitted.Normally Aspirated EnginesNormally use Throttle Position load sensing.The MAP sensor may be used to compensate for barometric pressurechanges by venting it to atmospheric pressure.If Idle Speed Control is used then the MAP sensor should be connected to the plenum or Manifold Pressure load sensing should be used. This is required so that the fuel is varied as the idle speed control valve opens and closes. SensorsThrottle Position SensorThe Throttle Position sensor must be a potentiometer type, older switch types are not suitable. The sensor will produce a voltage proportional to the angle of the throttle plate.Throttle sensors generally have a dead band at either end and must be pre-loaded to avoid the dead band.The Setup Parameters TPHI and TPLO must be set to indicate the fullyclosed and fully open positions. These parameters must be set any time the16 Installation Mo T eC sensor is moved or replaced. It is very important to set these parameters withthe butterfly in exactly the same place each time.The resistance element inside the sensor may wear due to vibration in high performance engines which can cause erratic readings. It is best to replacethe throttle position sensor periodically.Avoid high pressure washing as this may penetrate the seals and damage the sensor.For wiring details refer to the appropriate MoTeC drawing.MAP SensorThe MAP (Manifold Absolute Pressure) sensor measures Absolute Pressure(i.e. pressure relative to a vacuum).0 kPa Absolute = Complete Vacuum100 kPa = 1 Bar = 14.5 PSIAtmospheric Pressure at sea level is approximately 100 to 102 kPa,depending on the weather.MAP sensors normally produce a voltage between 0 and 5V, depending onthe pressure.The pressure sensor may be used to measure the inlet manifold pressure orto measure the barometric pressure depending on the Load Sensingarrangement detailed earlier.The ECU Sensor Setup parameters must be set to indicate the type andpressure range of the sensor.Avoid severe vibration of the sensor as this can cause fluctuations in thereading. Do not mount rigidly to the engine. Normally the pressure sensor is mounted to the vehicle body.If Used for Manifold Pressure SensingFor normally aspirated engines use a 100 kPa sensor.For turbo charged engines a 300 kPa absolute sensor will measure up to 200kPa (29 psi) of boost (above Atmospheric). If higher boost will be achieved, asensor with a higher pressure range will be needed.The sensor should be connected to the inlet manifold plenum via a short hose(less than 1m). The sensor should be mounted above the level of the plenumwith the port facing down to avoid moisture accumulating on the sensorelement. The hose should run downwards all the way to the plenum.Mo T eC Installation 17 The plenum take off point should be at a position that best represents the average manifold pressure and has minimal pressure pulsations. A small restrictor may be needed at the manifold end of the hose to help reduce pressure pulsations. The take off point should not be teed in with other items such as idle speed control valves as they can affect the pressure reading.If used for Barometric Pressure SensingUse a 105 kPa sensor.Vent the sensor to the atmosphere with the port facing down.Avoid mounting at a point where air buffeting occurs Any pressurefluctuations will directly affect the mixture.It may be desirable to sense the pressure at the air intake as the pressuremay vary due to aerodynamic effects.Air Temp SensorThe Air Temperature sensor is mainly used to correct for air density changedue to air temperature variation.The sensor contains a temperature dependant resistor and is designed forhigh speed response in an air flow.The Air Temp sensor must be placed to measure the air temperature beforethe butterfly (and after the intercooler on turbo charged engines).Avoid placing the sensor too close to the stand-off vapour in a multi-runner manifold as this will cool the sensor and give a false reading.The ECU Sensor Setup parameters must be set to indicate the particular typeof sensor.Engine Temp SensorThe Engine Temperature sensor is mainly used for cold start enrichment.The sensor contains a temperature dependant resistor and is designed for water immersion.The ECU Sensor Setup parameters must be set to indicate the particular typeof sensor.18 Installation Mo T eC Trigger Sensors (REF & SYNC)The trigger sensors supply the necessary timing information to the ECU sothat it knows when to fire the fuel injectors and ignition system. Normally twosensors are used, REF and SYNC.Many different types of trigger sensors and chopper patterns may be used.The wiring and ECU setup information for the trigger sensors are specific tothe particular system. Refer to the appropriate MoTeC drawing.Home made sensor systems often cause problems. Do not use Chrome mollyfor chopper disks as it is a non magnetic material. Runout of the disk,imperfections and bolt heads are also potential sources of problems. Wherepossible it is best to use the manufacturer’s trigger system.REF SensorSupplies the crank position information.Some sensors supply one pulse per Top Dead Centre (4 pulses per enginerev on a V8), others supply as many as 360 pulses per engine revolution.The Engine RPM is derived directly from this signal.SYNC SensorUsed to indicate each engine cycle, which is required for sequential injectionand multicoil operation.Generally supplies one pulse per engine cycle (i.e. once every 2 revs on a 4stroke engine).On some special trigger systems the ECU can be synchronised using theREF sensor only (e.g. Ford Narrow Tooth)REF / SYNC AlignmentMost modern distributors supply both REF and SYNC signals in which casethe alignment is pre-set.When using separate REF and SYNC sensors the alignment of the twosensors relative to one another is critical. Ensure that the sensors are aligned correctly for the type of trigger system being used. Refer to the appropriate drawing. Allow for any mechanical play in the distributor drive system if theSYNC signal is derived from the distributor.Exhaust Gas Sensor (Lambda Sensor)The ECU may optionally use a wideband exhaust gas sensor for data logging or closed loop control of the Air Fuel Ratio.The ECU is compatible with the Bosch LSU Wideband sensor and the NTK Wideband sensor. These sensors are different to the sensors used on previous model ECUs.Note that the sensor heater must be connected to these sensors at all times and must be controlled by the ECU by connecting it to one of the Auxiliary Outputs.The sensor should preferably be placed within 0.5 m of the collector pipe on a normally aspirated engine or 0.5 m of the turbo on a turbo charged engine. If placed too close to the exhaust outlet, the reading may be affected by the outside oxygen.The sensor can be contaminated by exhaust manifold sealant - use an exhaust gas sensor friendly sealant.The lifetime of the Sensor will be significantly reduced by leaded fuels.Refer to the MoTeC Tech Notes and Drawings for more details.WiringWiring DrawingsFor general wiring details refer to the following drawing; M84 Wiring.The wiring details for the REF and SYNC Trigger Sensors and the Ignition Module are specific to the type of sensors and Ignition system. MoTeC can provide wiring diagrams for most Trigger Sensors and Ignition systems. Wiring details for other sensor types are available from MoTeC.Wiring ReliabilityThe wiring is critical for reliable operation of the ECU. The following points will help to ensure that the wiring is reliable.Ground WiringOne of the most common wiring problems is poor ground wiring.The ground wire must be grounded properly to the engine block. There should be no paint or anodising between the ground wire and the engine block.Temporary wiring is likely to cause problems: use a proper eyelet terminal that is securely crimped to the ground wire. Studs fixed in place by Loctite® can also cause a problem as the Loctite® becomes an insulator. These comments apply to both the ECU ground wire and the Ignition system ground wire.The ground wire must be at least 12# (3.3 mm2) and must be kept as short as possible.Power WiringThe power wire must be wired by the shortest path possible to the battery via a 30 Amp relay and a 20 Amp fuse. The relay and fuse must be in good condition and the wires must be crimped securely to the appropriate terminals. The relay should be activated by the Ignition Switch. The ECU power must NOT be fed directly from the Ignition switch because it probably won’t handle the required current.The power wire must be at least 12# (3.3 mm2) and must be kept as short as possible.Spark Plug LeadsThe spark plug leads can cause interference in the ECU wiring. Keep the ECU wires away from the plug leads wherever possible (at least 100mm). If it is necessary to cross the plug leads, cross at right angles.Terminal CrimpingUse the correct crimping tool for each type of terminal. Do a pull test on a sample wire and terminal to verify that the crimp is sound. In theory the wire should break before the wire pulls out of the crimp.Most crimp tools are only designed for a certain range of wire sizes so be sure to test the crimp with the particular wire size being used.Soldering the terminal is a last resort if the correct crimping tool is not available. Soldering will cause a stress point where the solder wicks up the wire which is likely to fracture unless all movement is avoided. Solder flux can also cause corrosion and may affect the contacts.Terminal DamageThe various connector terminals are easily damaged if probes are inserted into them. Do not insert probes of any kind into the terminals. If checking a circuit for continuity, gently touch the side of the terminals only, or preferably attach a mating connector.Wire SplicingPreferably use a crimp splice. If soldering a wire splice, wire movement near the joint must be avoided otherwise a fracture may occur at the stress point created by the solder. Use heatshrink sleeving to insulate and provide support to the wires.Wire StrainAvoid pulling the wires tight at the connectors.Wire MovementAvoid wire fatigue by tying the wires down close to the connectors.HeatKeep the ECU wires away from the exhaust system.Fuel SystemAn ideal race fuel system is shown belowLift PumpThe Lift Pump is a low pressure pump designed to lift the fuel from the fuel tank to the swirl pot (header tank).The Lift Pump must be capable of flowing enough fuel for full power operation.Swirl PotThe swirl pot (header tank) maintains a reserve of fuel to avoid fuel starvation to the engine during cornering and acceleration. Fuel starvation can also cause damage to the pressure pump as it relies on the fuel for cooling, lubrication and speed limiting.The swirl pot also forms a header tank for the pressure pump since the pressure pump is not capable of lifting the fuel from the tank if the tank is lower than the pump. Place the swirl pot at the same level, or higher than the pressure pump.Pressure PumpThe Pressure Pump is a high pressure pump that must be capable of delivering the required amount of fuel at the correct pressure at full power.It is very important that the pump is capable of maintaining the correct fuel pressure at full power otherwise the engine could be damaged due to a lean mixture.A 600 hp engine requires a flow rate of approximately 250 lb/hr for petrol or gasoline.Notes•The pressure pump must be lower than the outlet of the swirl pot. •Prime the pump with fuel before use.•The pump’s flow capability is dependant on the required pressure, the flow capability of the pump will be less at higher pressures. A small pump will maintain correct pressure at light load but will not maintain correctpressure as the flow requirement increases.•On boosted engines the pressure required from the pump increases with boost pressure because the regulator maintains constant pressure above manifold pressure.•Avoid running the pump dry as this may destroy the pump.FiltersThe filters are necessary to ensure that the fuel pump is not damaged and to ensure that the injectors do not become blocked.•The strainer before the pressure pump is essential to prevent the pump from seizing. A strainer is used because the pressure pump won’t suck through a paper filter.Fuel LinesThe fuel feed lines must be high pressure type and should be at least 8mm (5/16 inch) diameter. The return lines should also be at least 8mm (5/16 inch) diameter to ensure that the fuel is easily returned to the tank.Use proper high pressure hose clamps to ensure that the lines do not blow off under pressure.Keep the fuel lines as cool as possible to avoid fuel vaporisation. The temperature of the fuel will also affect the mixture due to the change in fuel density.Avoid fire risk by ensuring that all hoses and fittings are in good condition and installed correctly.Fuel RailsThe fuel rails must be free of any debris that could block the injectors. Welded fuel rails can often cause a problem unless they have been properly treated to remove all scale and debris and even then they may corrode and cause problems. Aluminium fuel rails mounted directly on the injectors are recommended as they do not suffer these problems.The fuel rails must have sufficient volume to minimise fuel pressure pulsation and resonance problems.Fuel Pressure RegulatorThe fuel pressure regulator maintains constant fuel pressure to the injectors which is necessary to ensure constant metering of the fuel. Any variation in the fuel pressure will cause a corresponding mixture change.The fuel pressure regulator should be mounted at the end of the fuel rail so that fuel is always flowing through the rail. This helps to avoid vapour locks. Adjustable pressure regulators are available.If Using Manifold Pressure Load SensingConnect the regulator port to the plenum as this ensures that constant pressure is maintained across the injectors.Note that this will cause the fuel pressure required from the pump to increase as the manifold pressure increases.。
Telstra T48G Business Internet Start 快速入门指南说明书
Mute Key Hold KeyMessage LightNavigation KeysHeadset Key Message Key Redial KeyTransfer Key Speakerphone KeyVolume Key Cancel KeyEXT Portor EXP40PC PortInternet PortPower PlugHandset PortHeadset Port USB PortConnect WiFi dongle or Bluetooth dongleet up your Telstra 2. S et up your power andthe network connectionConnect via AC powerFig 4Connect via AC power• Ensure the power source is turned OFF.• Plug the Power Adapter (DC5V) into the power source.• Connect the Power Adapter (DC5V) to the DC5V port onthe back of the phone (Fig 4).• Turn the power source ON.• Connect the Ethernet cable to the Internet port on theback of the phone and an available Ethernet port on acompatible DOT router/switch* (Fig 4).• Optional – PC Connection: Connect one end of the secondEthernet cable to the LAN port on the user’s PC and theother end to the PC port on the phone (Fig 4).* DOT-powered switches are available for purchase, if there are insufficientEthernet ports on your DOT router to connect all your devices.• Pressto update configuration orto cancel startup.our phone will update configuration setting automatically after 10 seconds, unless you press .” for ~5 seconds.Fig 6• You will be prompted for your admin details (Fig 6) – please ensure you follow the next steps correctly.−Refer to the Configuration Summary that was sent to your DOT registration email.−Refer to section “Device type: T48G” for your User ID and Password.• Enter your User Name and Password select to completethe set up.Fig 7• The LCD screen will revert to the home display screen (Fig 7) – your phone is ready for use.Getting connectedair and Connect aFig 9• You will be prompted (Fig 9): “Adapter has been added,scan bluetooth devices right now?”• Select “OK”.T he IP phone will automatically scan for available Bluetoothdevices; these will be displayed on the touch screen.• Tap the desired Bluetooth device.• Enter the PIN in the Password field.• Tap the OK soft key to connect your phone andBluetooth headset.onnecting to a Wireless O Ethernet cable should be connected (either for wired • You will be prompted: “Wi-Fi adapter connected. Scan for available Wi-Fi networks?”• Select “OK ”.Fig 11• The IP phone will toggle the Wi-Fi on and search for available wireless networks in your area (Fig 11).• Optional – Refresh search: To search again for available networks, tap .• To connect to the desired wireless network (SSID): Select the wireless network (SSID); or Tap at the end of the desired SSID, and then tap .• For secure networks, please enter the password in the Wi-Fi Password field.• Select “OK ”.Connected” (Fig 12).• When phone is in idle state, connect the Wi-Fi dongleinto the USB port on the back of the phone (Fig 13).• You will be prompted: “Wi-Fi adapter connected.Scan for available Wi-Fi networks?”• Select “OK”.Fig 14Fig 15• The IP phone will toggle the Wi-Fi on and search foravailable wireless networks in your area (Fig 14).• Optional – Refresh search: To search again for availablenetworks, tap .• Whilst the phone is scanning for available networks, longpress the WPS button on the Wi-Fi USB dongle. (Fig 15)• You will be prompted: “WPS activated. Connecting…120s”.• Long press the WPS button on your modem router.• Once WPS setup has completed successfully,the SSID will now display the status: “Connected”.OK”.• Optional – Refresh search: To search again for availablenetworks, tap .• Tap and select PIN.• You will be presented with a randomly-generated PIN.Fig 18• Tap OK (Fig 18).• You will be prompted: “WPS activated. Connecting…120s”.• From a PC or laptop connected to the DOT router/switch,open up a web browser and enter in the DOT router address.• Locate the Wireless Protected Setup configuration menu.• Enter the PIN in the corresponding field to enable the setupof wireless devices via PIN.• Click the corresponding button in the router’s web interfaceto search clients.• Once WPS setup has completed successfully, the modemrouter’s web interface will prompt success.anually add and connect toin the Wi-Fi configuration screen (Fig 19).If you select WEP from the pull-down list“Security Mode”:Edit the profile name, SSID, WPA shared key in thecorresponding fields.If you select WPA PSK or WPA2 PSK from the pull-downlist “Security Mode”:Select the desired Cipher type (TKIP, AES or TKIP+ AES)from the pull-down list of Encryption Type.Edit the profile name, SSID, WPA shared key in thecorresponding fields..2. D isconnecting from aWireless Network (Wi-Fi)To disconnect the wireless network connection:• Tap > Basic > Wi-Fi.• Do one of the following:Fig 20• In the Available Networks list – Tap the connected SSID orat the end of the connected SSID (Fig 20).Fig 21• Tap (Fig 21).• Tap Saved Networks.• Tap the connected SSID.• The SSID will now display the status: “Disconnected”.iewing the Wireless Network> Basic > Wi-Fi.at the end of the desired SSID to view the detailedNetwork Status to view the4. Disabling Wi-FiTo disable Wi-Fi feature, do one of the following:• Tap > Basic > Wi-Fi.• In the Wi-Fi field, select “Off”.• Connect an Ethernet cable to the IP phone.T he wireless network is changed to the wired network, andthe IP phone will switch the Wi-Fi off.• Unplug the Wi-Fi USB dongle from the IP phone.The IP phone will switch the Wi-Fi off.to access your Phone Directory.and type the complete or partial name of theHistory”.applicable Call History type: Missed, Placed, Save a number/edit a contact from Call History• From the home screen, use navigation keys to scroll down.• Select “History”.• Select applicable Call History type: Missed, Placed, Received, Forwarded• Optional – search by name: Select and type the complete or partial name of the contact you wish to call.• Using the navigation keys, scroll up or down to desired contact.• Select “i” at the end of the desired contact/number to open contact details.You can choose to call (“Send”); delete (“Delete”) contactor edit details directly in corresponding fields.or pressor press– Transfer the call to another handset without .– Transfer the call to another handset .after the call is answered to complete or press 68 usingor pressCall Park code (68) and Call Park retrieve code (88) should already be Group Call PickupGroup Call Pickup enables calls that are ringing on another phone to be answered from any other phone in the office.• When another phone within the office is ringing, press.Note: Group Call Pickup code (*98) should already be pre-configured on the phone.Conference CallsLocal Conference Call – a maximum of three parties (including the caller) can be on a conference call at any one time.To initiate a conference, add a third party to a call• Whilst on an active call, press.• Enter the other party’s number, wait for the party to answer the phone.• Pressto connect all parties into the conference.To manage callers in a conference• During the conference call, press to mute the selected party. The muted party can hear everyone, but no one can hear the muted party.• Press to remove the selected party from the conference call.Network Conference Call – more than three parties (including the caller) can be on a conference call at any one time.• Whilst on a 3-way conference call, press.• Enter the other party’s number, wait for the party to answer the phone.• Pressto connect all parties into the conference.• Repeat the above steps to invite more parties.Note: Network conference features should already be pre-configured on the phone.TL00678_T48G_QSG_AUG20。
华硕M4A88TD-MUSB3.0产品规格
M4A88TD-M/USB3 产品规格中央处理器AMD AM3 Phenom™ II/Athlon™ II/Sempron™ 100 Series Processors AMD Cool 'n' Quiet™ 技术支持AM3 45 nm CPU支持高达140 W处理器芯片组AMD 880G/SB850内存4 x DIMM内存插槽, 最大容量16GB, DDR3 2000(超频)/1600(超频)/1333/1066 Hz ECC, Non-ECC, Un-buffered 内存双通道内存架构* 请浏览 获取最新内存合格供货商列表（QVL）。
*当您安装4GB以上内存时，Windows® 32位操作系统可能仅识别为3GB以下。
因此，如您使用Windows® 64位操作系统，推荐使用4GB以上的内存。
*由于CPU限制，AMD AM3 100和200系列处理器支持DDR3 1066MHz。
凭借华硕设计，本主板可支持高达DDR3 1333MHz.系统总线高达 5.2 GT/s Hy perTransport™ 3.0 总线显示芯片集成ATI Radeon™ HD 4250 GPU支持Multi-VGA输出: HDMI/DVI/RGB 接口- 支持HDMI™ 最大分辨率1920 x 1080 @ 60 Hz- 支持DVI最大分辨率2560 x 1600 @ 60 Hz- 支持RGB 最大分辨率2048 x 1536 @ 85 Hz最大共享显存：1024 MBDual independent displays support with HDMI/DVI and D-Sub 支持H.264, VC-1及MPEG-2支持DirectX 10.1, OpenGL 2.0, Shader Model 4.1支持蓝光播放*1支持Multi-GPU支持AMD® CrossFireX™ 技术扩展槽1 x PCIe 2.0 x16扩展卡插槽2 x PCIe 2.0 x1扩展卡插槽1 x PCI扩展卡插槽存储功能AMD SB850 控制器:6 x SATA 6Gb/s 接口, 蓝色支持Raid 0, 1, 5, 10VT6415 :1 x UltraDMA 133/100/66 接口，支持2 个PATA 设备, 海军蓝网络功能Realtek 8111E 千兆网卡控制器, 1 x 千兆网卡, 支持AI NET2音效Realtek® ALC 892 8 通道高清晰音频编码解码器- 支持: Jack-detection, Multi-streaming, 前面板Jack-retasking 音频功能:- Absolute Pitch 192kHz/ 24-bit真正蓝光无损音效- 光纤S/PDIF数字音频输出接口，位于背板USB 接口内置控制器:2 x USB 3.0 接口(2 个位于背板, 蓝色)内置控制器:12 x USB 2.0 接口(4 个位于背板, 黑色, 8 个位于主板上)超频功能超频防护功能:- 华硕C.P.R.（CPU参数恢复）独特功能华硕巅峰设计:华硕Hybrid处理器- TurboV EVO : - Turbo Unlocker- 瞬间加速- 自动加速- CPU智能升级- 集显提速华硕Hybrid 开关:- 一键开核华硕供电设计:- 4 +1 相供电设计- ASUS EPU华硕独家功能:- 华硕电涌全保护- Express Gate华硕静音散热解决方案:- 华硕无风扇设计: 美学散热片- Stack Cool- 华硕风扇达人华硕EZ DIY:- 华硕O.C. Profile- 华硕CrashFree BIOS 3- 华硕EZ Flash 2- 华硕MyLogo 2100% 高品质全固态电容背板I/O 接口1 x PS/2 键盘/鼠标combo接口1 x DVI1 x D-Sub接口1 x HDMI接口1 x LAN (RJ45) 接口2 x USB 3.04 x USB 2.01 x 光纤S/PDIF数字音频输出接口6 x 音频插孔内部I/O 接口4 x USB 2.0 接口可扩展8组外接式USB 2.0接口1 x IDE 接口1 x 串口连接插座（COM）6 x SATA 6Gb/s设备连接插座1 x 中央处理器风扇电源插槽1 x 机箱风扇接口1 x S/PDIF_Out数字音频连接排针1 x 24-pin EATX主板电源插槽1 x 4-pin ATX 12V主板电源插槽1 x 并口连接插座1 x 前面板音频接口(AAFP)1 x 系统面板接口1 x MemOK!按钮1 x Core Unlocker 开关附件使用手册华硕Q-Shield1 x UltraDMA 133/100 cable(s)2 x SATA 3.0Gb/s数据线2 x SATA 6.0Gb/s数据线1 x Q-connector(s) (2 合1) *2BIOS 16 Mb Flash ROM , AMI BIOS, PnP, DMI2.0, WfM2.0, SM BIOS 2.5, ACPI 2.0a, ASUS EZ Flash 2, ASUS CrashFree BIOS 3管理软件WOL by PME,WOR by PME,WOR by Ring,PXE随机光盘驱动程序防毒软件（OEM版本）华硕Update在线更新程序华硕Utilities应用程序尺寸规格uATX 规格9.6 英寸x 9.6 英寸( 24.4 厘米x 24.4 厘米)备注*1: 请使用Windows Vista或更高操作系统以支持蓝光播放。
AMD新速龙5200开核
性能何止翻倍AMD新速龙5200开核评测(2)Athlon 64 Socket AM2规格型号：-AMD Athlon 64 4000+, 512KB缓存(90nm, Orelans核心)-AMD Athlon 64 3800+, 512KB缓存(90nm, Orelans核心)-AMD Athlon 64 3500+, 512KB缓存(90nm, Orelans核心)Athlon 64 X2 Socket AM2规格型号：-AMD Athlon 64 X2 3800 2x512KB缓存(90nm, Windsor核心) 主频2.0GHz-AMD Athlon 64 X2 4200 2x512KB缓存(90nm, Windsor核心) 主频2.2GHz-AMD Athlon 64 X2 4400 2x1MB缓存(90nm, Windsor核心) 主频2.2GHz-AMD Athlon 64 X2 4600 2x512KB缓存(90nm, Windsor核心) 主频2.4GHz-AMD Athlon 64 X2 4800 2x1MB缓存(90nm, Windsor核心) 主频2.4GHz-AMD Athlon 64 X2 5000 2x512KB 缓存(90nm, Windsor核心)，主频2.6GHz-AMD Athlon 64 X2 5200 2x1MB 缓存(90nm, Windsor核心)，主频2.6GHzAthlon 64 FX Socket AM2规格型号：-AMD Athlon 64 FX-62 2x1MB 缓存(90nm, Toledo核心)，主频2.8GHz在各大论坛网站里面，DIY玩家们之间只要说到AMD最具性价比CPU的时候，绝对离不开“开核”二字。
仅需在Bios里面设置一个选项、甚至只需按一个按键就可以使双核“变”四核，而且还附送 AMD高端CPU才会有的三级缓存，再加上CPU优越的超频能力，其性能提升可不止翻倍！低价、高性能、可玩性高，“开核”的魅力都可由此可见。
MEMORY存储芯片MT48V8M16LFFF-8IT中文规格书
The auto precharge feature is engaged when a READ or WRITE command is issued with A10 HIGH. The auto precharge feature uses the RAS lockout circuit to internally delay the PRECHARGE operation until the ARRAY RESTORE operation has completed. The RAS lockout circuit feature allows the PRECHARGE operation to be partially or com-pletely hidden during burst READ cycles when the auto precharge feature is engaged.The PRECHARGE operation will not begin until after the last data of the burst write se-quence is properly stored in the memory array.REFRESH CommandThe REFRESH command (REF) is used during normal operation of the device. This command is nonpersistent, so it must be issued each time a refresh is required. The de-vice requires REFRESH cycles at an average periodic interval of t REFI. When CS_n,RAS_n/A16, and CAS_n/A15 are held LOW and WE_n/A14 HIGH at the rising edge of the clock, the device enters a REFRESH cycle. All banks of the SDRAM must be pre-charged and idle for a minimum of the precharge time, t RP (MIN), before the REFRESH command can be applied. The refresh addressing is generated by the internal DRAM re-fresh controller. This makes the address bits “Don’t Care” during a REFRESH command.An internal address counter supplies the addresses during the REFRESH cycle. No con-trol of the external address bus is required once this cycle has started. When the RE-FRESH cycle has completed, all banks of the SDRAM will be in the precharged (idle)state. A delay between the REFRESH command and the next valid command, except DES, must be greater than or equal to the minimum REFRESH cycle time t RFC (MIN),as shown in Figure 83 (page 146).Note: The t RFC timing parameter depends on memory density.In general, a REFRESH command needs to be issued to the device regularly every t REFI interval. To allow for improved efficiency in scheduling and switching between tasks,some flexibility in the absolute refresh interval is provided for postponing and pulling-in the REFRESH command. A limited number REFRESH commands can be postponed depending on refresh mode: a maximum of 8 REFRESH commands can be postponed when the device is in 1X refresh mode; a maximum of 16 REFRESH commands can be postponed when the device is in 2X refresh mode; and a maximum of 32 REFRESH commands can be postponed when the device is in 4X refresh mode.When 8 consecutive REFRESH commands are postponed, the resulting maximum inter-val between the surrounding REFRESH commands is limited to 9 × t REFI (see Figure 84(page 146)). For both the 2X and 4X refresh modes, the maximum interval between sur-rounding REFRESH commands allowed is limited to 17 × t REFI2 and 33 × t REFI4, re-spectively.A limited number REFRESH commands can be pulled-in as well. A maximum of 8 addi-tional REFRESH commands can be issued in advance or “pulled-in” in 1X refresh mode,a maximum of 16 additional REFRESH commands can be issued when in advance in 2X refresh mode, and a maximum of 32 additional REFRESH commands can be issued in advance when in 4X refresh mode. Each of these REFRESH commands reduces the number of regular REFRESH commands required later by one. Note that pulling in more than the maximum allowed REFRESH commands in advance does not further re-duce the number of regular REFRESH commands required later, so that the resulting maximum interval between two surrounding REFRESH commands is limited to 9 × t RE-FI (Figure 85 (page 146)), 17 × t RFEI2, or 33 × t REFI4. At any given time, a maximum of 16 additional REF commands can be issued within 2 × t REFI, 32 additional REF2 com-4Gb: x4, x8, x16 DDR4 SDRAM REFRESH CommandDLL-On/Off Switching ProceduresThe DLL-off mode is entered by setting MR1 bit A0 to 0; this will disable the DLL for subsequent operations until the A0 bit is set back to 1.DLL Switch Sequence from DLL-On to DLL-OffTo switch from DLL-on to DLL-off requires the frequency to be changed during self re-fresh, as outlined in the following procedure:1.Starting from the idle state (all banks pre-charged, all timings fulfilled, and, to dis-able the DLL, the DRAM on-die termination resistors, R TT(NOM), must be in High-Z before MRS to MR1.)2.Set MR1 bit A0 to 1 to disable the DLL.3.Wait t MOD.4.Enter self refresh mode; wait until t CKSRE/t CKSRE_PAR is satisfied.5.Change frequency, following the guidelines in the Input Clock Frequency Change section.6.Wait until a stable clock is available for at least t CKSRX at device inputs.7.Starting with the SELF REFRESH EXIT command, CKE must continuously be regis-tered HIGH until all t MOD timings from any MRS command are satisfied. In addi-tion, if any ODT features were enabled in the mode registers when self refresh mode was entered, the ODT signal must continuously be registered LOW until all t MOD timings from any MRS command are satisfied. If R TT(NOM) was disabled in the mode registers when self refresh mode was entered, the ODT signal is "Don't Care."8.Wait t XS_FAST, t XS_ABORT, or t XS, and then set mode registers with appropriate values (an update of CL, CWL, and WR may be necessary; a ZQCL command can also be issued after t XS_FAST).•t XS_FAST: ZQCL, ZQCS, and MRS commands. For MRS commands, only CL and WR/RTP registers in MR0, the CWL register in MR2, and gear-down mode in MR3 may be accessed provided the device is not in per-DRAM addressability mode. Access to other device mode registers must satisfy t XS timing.•t XS_ABORT: If MR4 [9] is enabled, then the device aborts any ongoing refresh and does not increment the refresh counter. The controller can issue a valid command after a delay of t XS_ABORT. Upon exiting from self refresh, the device requires a minimum of one extra REFRESH command before it is put back into self refresh mode. This requirement remains the same regardless of the MRS bit setting for self refresh abort.•t XS: ACT, PRE, PREA, REF , SRE, PDE, WR, WRS4, WRS8, WRA, WRAS4, WRAS8,RD, RDS4, RDS8, RDA, RDAS4, and RDAS8.9.Wait t MOD to complete.The device is ready for the next command.4Gb: x4, x8, x16 DDR4 SDRAM DLL-On/Off Switching Procedures。
如何开启VT虚拟化功能
如何开启VT虚拟化功能开启VT虚拟化功能是怎么操作的呢，开启VT虚拟化功能又要怎么办呢?下面是店铺收集整理的如何开启VT虚拟化功能，希望对大家有帮助~~开启VT虚拟化功能的方法工具/原料M4A88T-mle方法/步骤1由于主板型号众多，我们只能拿一个型号出来演示。
我们以华硕的M4A88T-mle为例。
开机时按DEL键进入BIOS页面。
开机时不停的按DEL键。
2进入后用键盘的向右方向键移动到Advanced选项。
BIOS中选择都是用方向键，然后回车键执行。
下面的移动执行都是用方向键和回车键，就不再详述了。
3然后选择第一个cpu configuration按回车键进入。
进行后选择蓝色的第三个Secure Virtual Machine Mode这个就是安全虚拟机虚拟化功能技术，默认值是关闭的【disabled】。
4按回车键进入后选择Enabled开启。
按回车键后选择Enabled，然后再按回车键确认。
5选定后，在键盘上按F10保存，弹出一个对话框，选择OK，按回车键确认保存，然后电脑就会自动重启。
如果要安装虚拟机的可以参考下面这个引用链接vmware安装方法。
0vmware虚拟机安装，在WIN10系统怎么安装虚拟机6下面这些是其他一些主板的VT位置，给大家参考一下，因为主板实在是太多了，无法一一详解。
这个华硕主板BIOS UEFI BIOS的VT界面。
7这个是AWARD BIOS机型开启VT的界面。
进入AdvancedBIOS Features菜单就可以看Virtual Technology，开启就可以了。
8这是Insyde20 BIOS 机型的。
进入选择Configuration 菜单，然后就可以看到 Intel Virtual Technology选项了，开启就可以了。
主板BIOS设置图解
主板BIOS设置图解BIOS（basic input output system 即基本输入输出系统）设置程序是被固化到计算机主板上的ROM芯片中的一组程序，其主要功能是为计算机提供最底层的、最直接的硬件设置和控制。
BIOS设置程序是储存在BIOS芯片中的，只有在开机时才可以进行设置。
CMOS主要用于存储BIOS设置程序所设置的参数与数据，而BIOS设置程序主要对技巧的基本输入输出系统进行管理和设置，是系统运行在最好状态下，使用BIOS设置程序还可以排除系统故障或者诊断系统问题。
在我们计算机上使用的BIOS程序根据制造厂商的不同分为：AWARD BIOS程序、AMI BIOS 程序、PHOENIX BIOS程序以及其它的免跳线BIOS程序和品牌机特有的BIOS程序，如IBM等等。
目前主板BIOS有三大类型，即AWARD AMI和PHOENIX三种。
不过，PHOENIX已经合并了AWARD，因此在台式机主板方面，其虽然标有AWARD-PHOENIX，其实际还是AWARD的BIOS的. Phoenix BIOS 多用于高档的586原装品牌机和笔记本电脑上，其画面简洁，便于操作。
AWARD BIOS程序图解教程一、进入AWARD BIOS设置和基本选项??开启计算机或重新启动计算机后，在屏幕显示“Waiting……”时，按下“Del”键就可以进入CMOS的设置界面（图 1）。
要注意的是，如果按得太晚，计算机将会启动系统，这时只有重新启动计算机了。
大家可在开机后立刻按住Delete键直到进入CMOS。
进入后，你可以用方向键移动光标选择CMOS设置界面上的选项，然后按Enter进入副选单，用ESC键来返回父菜单，用PAGE UP和PAGE DOWN键来选择具体选项，F10键保留并退出BIOS设置。
图 1STANDARD CMOS SETUP（标准CMOS设定）用来设定日期、时间、软硬盘规格、工作类型以及显示器类型BIOS FEATURES SETUP(BIOS功能设定)用来设定BIOS的特殊功能例如病毒警告、开机磁盘优先程序等等CHIPSET FEATURES SETUP（芯片组特性设定）用来设定CPU工作相关参数POWER MANAGEMENT SETUP（省电功能设定）用来设定CPU、硬盘、显示器等等设备的省电功能PNP/PCI CONFIGURATION（即插即用设备与PCI组态设定）用来设置ISA以及其它即插即用设备的中断以及其它差数LOAD BIOS DEFAULTS（载入BIOS预设值）此选项用来载入BIOS初始设置值LOAD OPRIMUM SETTINGS（载入主板BIOS出厂设置）这是BIOS的最基本设置，用来确定故障范围INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS（内建整合设备周边设定）主板整合设备设定SUPERVISOR PASSWORD（管理者密码）计算机管理员设置进入BIOS修改设置密码USER PASSWORD（用户密码）设置开机密码IDE HDD AUTO DETECTION（自动检测IDE硬盘类型）用来自动检测硬盘容量、类型SAVE&EXIT SETUP（储存并退出设置）保存已经更改的设置并退出BIOS设置EXIT WITHOUT SAVE（沿用原有设置并退出BIOS设置）不保存已经修改的设置，并退出设置图 2STANDARD CMOS SETUP（标准CMOS设定）图2标准CMOS设定中包括了DATE和TIME设定，您可以在这里设定自己计算机上的时间和日期。
Intel Socket 775 接口 Intel X48 Series 主板 用户说明书
用户说明书Intel Socket 775接口Intel X48 Series主板商标所有的产品注册商标及公司名称皆属其公司所有产品内容若有更改，恕不另行通知V1.0 中文版 2008年8月MUIX4808811A01常用除错卡代码表以下列出一些常见的自检代码，对一些可能出现的问题以及解决方式的列表，如果想了解更多的关于自检代码的信息，请参考本说明书后面的附录。
目录第1章配件 (1)1-1 包装内容 (1)1-2 主板介绍 (2)1-3 主板规格 (3)1-4 系统模块图 (6)第2章安装 (7)2-1 CPU安装 (7)2-2 跳线设置 (8)2-3 系统内存 (9)2-4 背部I/O接口 (10)2-5 主板内部接口介绍 (10)第3章常用BIOS设置 (14)3-1 主菜单 (14)3-2 标准CMOS设置 (14)3-3 BIOS高级属性设置 (15)3-4 芯片组高级属性设置 (17)3-5 集成的周边设备设置 (18)3-6 电源管理设置 (21)3-7 PNP/PCI/PCI-E配置设定 (23)3-8 系统状态侦测设置 (24)3-9 Q-Tune Bios超频功能设置 (25)3-10 默认菜单 (28)3-11 超级用户/用户密码设定 (28)3-12 退出BIOS (29)第4章驱动以及应用程序 (30)第5章常见问题解答 (31)第6章 BIOS刷新 (34)附录：磐正超磐手主板保修条例 (36)1-1包装内容内容可选设备A.主板 F.硬盘数据线B.用户说明书G.软驱数据线C.CD H.额外的USB2.0扩展端口连接D.I/O挡板I. 探温头E.S-ATA II数据线J.SATA/IDE 转接卡K.小散热片CCDEDH IAK注：若您的包装内物品有任何的损坏或短缺情形，请与经销商联络。
1-2主板介绍●Socket 775基于Socket 775接口设计的主板，支持Intel Core 核心的处理器，为下一代技术创新平台。
CPU带宽和内存带宽之间的匹配
存还有CPU带宽如何计算2009年08月03日星期一下午 04:05CPU带宽是指CPU与北桥之间的数据传输率，从CPU前端总线带宽的计算方法“前端总线带宽＝系统外频×N倍速×64位总线位宽/8〞中，我们可以知道，P4系列133MHz外频即前端总线为533MHz〔133MHz 外频×4倍速〕的CPU的传输带宽可达4.2GB/s〔533MHz×8〕速率。
由此我们可以换算出其他不同前端总线CPU的带宽：266MHz FSB的传输带宽为2.1GB/s；333MHz FSB的传输带宽为2.7GB/s；400MHz FSB 的传输带宽为 3.2GB/s；533MHz FSB的传输带宽为 4.2GB/s，800MHz FSB的传输带宽为6.4GB/s。
存速率是指存的工作频率，例如DDR266的工作频率即为266MHz，根据存带宽的算法：带宽＝总线位宽/8×一个时钟周期交换的数据包个数×总线频率，DDR266的带宽＝64/8×2×133=2128，它的传输带宽为2.1GB/s，因此DDR266又俗称为PC2100，这里的2100就是指其存带宽约为2100MB。
同理，DDR333的工作频率为333MHz，传输带宽为2.7GB/s，俗称PC2700；DDR400的工作频率为400MHz，传输带宽为3.2GB/s，俗称PC3200。
存带宽计算公式：带宽=存时钟频率×存总线位数×倍增系数/8。
以目前的DDR400存为例，它的运行频率为200MHz，数据总线位数为64bit，由于上升沿和下降沿都传输数据，因此倍增系数为2，此时带宽为：200×64×2/8＝3.2GB/s〔如果是两条存组成的双通道，那带宽那么为6.4 GB/s〕。
很明显，在现有技术水准下，运行频率很难成倍提升，此时数据总线位数与倍增系数是技术突破点。
NXP LPC4088 -32 OEM 板级产品说明书
The Art of Embedded Systems Development – made Easy™LPC4088-32 OEM Board Feature HighlightsThe LPC4088-32 OEM Board provides a quick and easy solution for implementing a high-performance ARM Cortex-M4 based design around the LPC4088 from NXP.∙ Build around NXP's ARM Cortex-M4 LPC4088 microcontrollerwith 512Kbyte internal FLASH and 96Kbyte internal SRAM ∙ 32MByte external SDRAM, via 32-bit databus ∙ 128 Mbyte NAND FLASH ∙ 32 Mbit QSPI flash∙ 100/10Mbps Ethernet interface based on SMSC LAN8720 ∙ 12.000 MHz and 32.768 kHz crystals for LPC4088 ∙ Buffered 32-bit data bus ∙ +3.3V powering∙ 200 pos expansion connector(as defined in popular SO-DIMM industry standard), 0.6mm pitch ∙ Compact design with dimensions: 68 x 50 mmSupport Highlights∙ Access to Embedded Artists support page containingo Schematics o User’s Manualo Sample software applications o OEM Board Integration Guide∙ Supported by Developer’s Kit , see picture to right ∙ Volume discount available∙ Customization service available for optimized high-volume designBlock Diagram of LPC4088-32 OEM BoardNXP PartnerEmbedded Artists is a partner of NXP. Together we give engineers an excellent base to work from when creating advanced embedded systems. We have a close co-operation and knoweverything there is to know about the NXP processors. Take advantage of our unique knowledge! For further information, please contact: ***************************The Art of Embedded Systems Development – made Easy™[1] Extended temperature range can be supplied on request. Subject to minimum order volume. [2] Will be defined after a characterization process.Mechanical DimensionsBoard width according to SO-DIMM standard: 67.6 mm. Board height and depth according to picture below:ESD CAUTIONESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Charged devices and circuit boards can discharge without detection. Although this product features ESD protection damages may occur on devices subjected to high energy ESD. Therefore, proper ESD precaution should be taken to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.50.0 mm 5.0 mmThe Art of Embedded Systems Development –made Easy™The Art of Embedded Systems Development –made Easy™O: outputI: inputB: Bidirectional P: PowerA: Analog GPIO: General purpose I/O GPI: General purpose input GPO: General purpose outputThe Art of Embedded Systems Development –made Easy™DisclaimersEmbedded Artists reserves the right to make changes to information published in this document, including without limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without notice. This document supersedes and replaces allinformation supplied prior to the publication hereof.Customer is responsible for the design and operation of their applications and products using Embedded Artists’ products, and Embedded Artists accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or customer product design. 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华硕主板FW status recovery error故障修复,双BIOS功能分析2016.6
华硕主板FW status recovery error故障修复，双BIOS功能分析 wxleasyland@2016.6最近买了一个二手华硕主板P8B75-M LX，开机时会提示：“FW status recovery error”。
但电脑又能正常使用，比较奇怪。
FW指Firmware固件，一般是指BIOS程序。
百度：固件(Firmware)就是写入EROM（可擦写只读存储器）或EEPROM(电可擦可编程只读存储器)中的程序。
Firmware is a type of software that provides control, monitoring and data manipulation of engineered products and systems.此故障网上相关信息很少，有人说这是BIOS ROM芯片有问题造成的。
一、芯片：主板上BIOS芯片有2个，芯片型号是25Q64FVAIG，每个是8MB字节的，2个共有16MB字节。
采用SPI总线，所以读写速度很快。
电压2.7-3.6V。
25Q64F 型号有多了QPI功能，而25Q64B没有。
上芯片：更靠近内存条侧的芯片。
下芯片：更靠近白色SATA插座侧的芯片。
我以前有在BIOS SETUP中，重刷官方BIOS（.cap格式）成版本1403。
奇怪的是，官方的发布的BIOS只有8MB字节（除去文件头2048字节），并不是16MB 字节。
2016.6.9二、官方备份：bupdater v1.3 是华硕在DOS下备份、烧写BIOS软件，以前在更老的 华硕主板M4A88T-M 上（只有一个2MB芯片），可正常使用，DOS下能备份BIOS。
而且备份出来的内容与 芯片拆下在编程器上 读出的内容是完全一样的，大小也完全一样！！bupdater在现在这个主板上运行，DOS下运行后显示：BOARD: P8B75-M LXVER: 1403(H:02 B:05)DATE: 08/06/2014然后提示: The BIOS backup is not supported due to the security policy不能备份BIOS了！应该是因为这个是EFI BIOS，华硕为了Win8认证不再允许BIOS备份。
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