2019年12月大学英语四级仔细阅读习题及答案(3)
2019年12月大学英语四级第三套卷附答案
2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25minutes) 说明：由于2019年12月大学英语四级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与第2套内容完全一样.只是选项顺序不一样.因此在本套真题中不再重复给出oPart ID Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory(呼吸道)viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example—or one row in front of or behind that individual—had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick, according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.Prior to the new study, little was known about the risks of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U. S. during the flu season. The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on 34 side of a person infected with flu, as well as those sitting one row in font of or behind this individual, had about an 80 percent chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each state-ment contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its ownA)Getting around a city is one thing — and then there's the matter of getting from one city to another.One vision of the perfect city of the future is a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis :The Way We'll Live Next. Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity ona massive scale. ”B)“The 18th century really was a waterborne(水运的)century, the 19th century a rail century. the 20thcentury a highway, car, truck century—and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,” Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda's prime examples. It has existed for just a few years. “ From the outset, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,n says Kasada. "The gov-ernment built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport. ”C)Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea's Incheon Airport, its main international hub (枢纽). Butit takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an “ in-ternational business district” doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived (构想)this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. Park sees himself as a visionary. Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park's baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It's about an hour outside Seoul, built on former tidal flats along the Yellow Sea, There's a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.D)Chances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever tocome out of South Korea. "Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo. "I don't know if you remember, there was a scene in a sub-way station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo, ” sa ys Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett School of Planning, “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice. ”E)The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But that's not how it has turned out. Songdo's reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there's a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there's a Starbucks and a 7- Eleven一all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.F）The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing bady carriages, old women with walkers—even in the middle of the day, when it's 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that's the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city—more popular as a residential area than a business one. It's not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. "It's a great place to live. And it's becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, vice-president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of small boats and people fishing.Shimmering（闪烁的）glass towers line the canal5s edge.G）“What's happened is that our focus on creating that quality of life first has enabl ed the residents to live here, ” Summers says. But there needs to be strong economic incentives for companies to locate here. The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn't feel all that futuristic.There's a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly.Everybody's television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.H） But this is not Star Trek. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow. "I'm, like, in prison for weekdays. That's what we call it in the workplace, ” says a woman in her 20s. She doesn't want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. “ I say I'm prison-breaking on Friday nights. " But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There's no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.I） Park Yeon Soo, the man who first imagined Songdo, feels frustrated, too. He says he built South Ko-rea a luxu ry vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It's a good car now. But we're waiting for a good driver to accelerate. ” But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with fu-turistic ,high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.J）S ongdo's backers contend that it's still early, and business space is filling up—about 70 percent of fin-ished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. "There have been a lot of utopian（乌托邦的）cities in history. And the reason we don't know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely. " In other words, when it comes to cities一or anything else一it is hard to predict the future.36.Songdo5s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37.The man who conceives Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.40.Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor.41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.44.Acording to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what will happen inthe future.45.Park Yeon Soo, Who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy(征税)1. 5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside su-per-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It's expected to raise $ 410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the meas-ure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“ The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages—including low-and no-calorie choices，” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. "But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it. ”An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $ 4 million on advertisements. The ads criti-cized the measure, characterizing it as a 44grocery tax. ”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. "The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places, ” said Jim Krieger, executive direc-tor of Healthy Food America. "Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It's not ‘just Berkeley5 anymore. nSimilar measures in California's Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado's Boulder are be-coming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.46.What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?A)It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.B)It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C)It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.D)It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.47.What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A)Bargain with the city council.B)Refuse to pay additional tax.C)Take legal action against it.D)Try to win public support.48.What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?A)It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.B)It tried to win grocers5 support against the measure.C)It kept sending letters of protest to the media.D)It criticized the measure through advertising.49.What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A)Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B)Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.C)Add to the fund for their research on diseases.D)Benefit low-income people across the country.50.What do we leam about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?A)They are becoming rather sensitive issues.B)They are spreading panic in the soda industry.C)They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D)They are taking away lot of profit from the soda industry.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe's stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status” items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO2—the main greenhousegas responsible for climate change—at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment, ” say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recen data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.51.What is the finding of the new study?A)Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B)The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C)CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.D)The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people think.52.Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A)They are becoming more affordable.B)They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.C)They are getting much easier to operate.D)They take less time to cook than other appliances.53.What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A)Cooking food of different varieties.B)Improving microwave users5 habits.C)Eating less to cut energy consumption.D)Using microwave ovens less frequently.54.What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A)There are far more emissions from cars than from micro waves.B)People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.C)The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU.D)More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55.What does Professor David Reay think of the use of micro waves?A)It will become less popular in the coming decades.B)It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C)It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D)It consumes more power than conventional cooking.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。
2019年12月四级参考答案完整版
2019年12月四级参考答案完整版2019年12月四级参考答案完整版考证菌2019-12-14 23:03:46via星火英语四六级试卷采用多题多卷形式，大家核对答案时，找准具体选项内容，忽略套数。
写作（共三套，忽略套数，只核对内容）第一套Dear Tom,On hearing that you are planning to teach English in China and ask me to recommend a city, I'd like to recommend our capital city, Beijing, an international metropolis.The reasons why I recommend Beijing can be listed as follows. First of all, there are a lot ofEnglish-speaking foreigners in Beijing, which helps you adapt to life here very quickly. Furthermore, as the capital of several dynasties, Beijing has a profound cultural background, so you can better experience the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture. Most importantly, parents in Beijing, an international metropolis with many multinational companies, attach great importance to their children's English learning and many people who work in multinational companies also need to learn English.I truly hope that you can come to Beijing to start your teaching life and I'm looking forward to your arrival. If you have any question about the city, please feel free to contact me for further information.Yours sincerely,Li Ming第二套Dear Tom,On hearing that you are planning to learn Chinese in China and ask me to recommend a place, I'd like to recommend our capital city, Beijing, an international metropolis.I recommend Beijing to you because of the following reasons. First of all, there are a lot ofEnglish-speaking foreigners in Beijing, which helps you adapt to life here very quickly. Furthermore, as the capital of several dynasties, Beijing has a profound cultural background, so you can better experience the extensive and profound traditional Chinese culture. Last but not least, with many people understand and master both Chinese and English, Beijing has a good bilingual atmosphere. It is good for you to improve your Chinese. You could communicate with local people in Chinese as much as possible because practice makes perfect.I truly hope that you can come to Beijing and learn Chinese here. I'm looking forward to your arrival. If you have any question about the city, please feel free to contact me for further information.Yours sincerely,-Dear Tom,I was so delighted to receive the letter from you. On hearing that you are planning to study in China, I decide to write you a letter to recommend a university. My recommendation is Xiamen University, which is one of the most outstanding universities in China.The reasons why I recommend this university can be listed asfollows. First of all, Xiamen University is located in a coastal city, Xiamen, which has beautiful and attractive seaside scenery. If you study here, you can have a walk and breathe the fresh air at the end of the day's study. How comfortable and enjoyable! More importantly, Xiamen University has a high reputation for its academic contributions to China and the world.I truly hope that you can come to Xiamen University to start your college life and I am looking forward to your arrival. If you are interested in my recommendation and want to know more detail about the university, please feel free to contact me.Yours sincerelyLI Ming听力（共两套，第三套仅顺序改变，忽略套数，只核对内容）第一套Section A: 1-71. D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.2. D) It was sent to the animal control department.3. B) It is going to be expanded4. C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia5. A) Pick up trash.6. A) They are especially intelligent.7. B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.Section B: 8-158. C) It will cover different areas of science.9. C) It will be more entertaining.10. A) People interested in science.11. B) Provide financial support.12. D) Dissatisfied13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect。
2019四级仔细阅读习题及答案(3)
2019四级仔细阅读习题及答案(3)What has thetelephone done to us, or for us, in the hundred years of its existence? A feweffects suggest themselves at once. It has saved lives by getting rapid word ofillness, injury, or fire from remote places. By joining with the elevator tomake possible the multi-story residence or office building, it has madepossible for better or worse -- the modem city. By bringing about a great leapin the speed and ease with which information moves from place to place, it hasgreatly accelerated the rate of scientific and technological changes and growthin industry. Beyond doubt it has seriously weakened if not killed the ancientart of letter writing. It has made living alone possible for persons withnormal social impulses (冲动) ; by so doing, it has played a role in one of thegreatest social changes of this century, the breakup of the multi-generationalhousehold. It has made the war chillingly more efficient thanformerly.Perhaps, though not provably, it has prevented wars that might have arisen outof intemational misunderstanding caused by written communication. Or perhaps―again not provably―by magnifying (扩大) and extendingirrational personal conflicts based on voice contact, it has caused wars.Certainly it has extended the scope of human conflicts, since it impartially (不偏不倚) disseminates (传播)the useful knowledge of scientists andthe nonsense of the ignorant, the affection of the affectionate and the malice (恶意) of the malicious.1. What is the main idea of this passage?A) Thetelephone has helped to save people from illness and fire.B) Thetelephone has helped to prevent wars and conflicts.C) Thetelephone has made the modern city neither better nor worse.D) Thetelephone has had positive as well as negative effects on us.2. According to the passage, it is the telephonethat_______ .A) has madeletter writing an artB) hasprevented wars by avoiding written communicationC) has madethe world different from what it wasD) hascaused wars by magnifying and extending human conflicts3. The telephone hasintensified conflicts among people because ______ .A) itincreases the danger of warB) itprovides services to both the good and themaliciousC) it makesdistant communication easierD) it breaksup the multi-generational household4. The author describes thetelephone as impartial because it _______ .A) saveslives of people in remote placesB) enablespeople to live alone if they want toC) spreadsboth love and ill willD) replacesmuch written communication5. The writer's attitudetowards the use of the telephone is _______A) affectionate B)disapprovingC) approving D)neutral1.D 本文主要讲了电话的发展对人类生活与活动所产生的正负两方面的影响。
2019年12月四级真题及答案第3套
2019 年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，本套试卷不再提供听力部分。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.Millions of people travel by plane every single day. If you re planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the 26 feeling air travel often leaves you with.Besides the airport crowds and stress, traveling at a high altitude has real effects on the body. Although the pressure of the cabin is 27 to prevent altitude sickness, you could still 28 sleepiness or a headache.The lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is 29 to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of altitude. A drop in oxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain 30 . To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water,and avoid alcohol and coffee.Airplane food might not really be as tasteless as you 31 thought. The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste. Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost 30 percent in a simulation of air travel. However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking water. A dry mouth may 32 taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking fluids.Although in-fight infections 33 in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air 34 used. Unless you're sitting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn't worry too much about getting sick. However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, sowash your hands 35 .Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is deriveD) You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its ownA）G etting around a city is one thing — and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future: a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next.Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.”B) “The 18th century really was a waterborne（水运的）century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century — and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,” Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda’s prime examples. It has existed for just a few years. “From the outset, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,” says Kasada. “The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport.”B）S ongdo is a stone’s throw from South Korea’s Incheon Airport, its main international hub（枢纽). But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just building a place as an “international business district” doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived（构想）this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. Park sees himself as a visionary.Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park’s baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo.It’s about an hour outside Seoul, built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea.There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.C）C hances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea. “Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo.” I don’t know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station.That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo,” says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London’s Bartlett School of Planning. “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and nice.”D）T he city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But that’s not how it has turned out. Songdo’s reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there’s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven — all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.E）The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing baby carriages, old women with walkers — even in the middle of the day, when it’s 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that’s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city — more popular as a residential area than a business one. It's not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined. “It’s a great place to live. And it’s becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, vice-president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company’s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of kayaks and paddle boats. Shimmering（闪烁的）glass towers line the canal’s edge.G）“What’s happened is that our focused on creating that quality of life first has enabled the residents to live here,” Summers says. But there needs to be strong economic incentives.” The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn’t feel all that futuristic. There’s a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody’s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.H）But this is not Star Trek. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow.” I’m, like, in prison for weekdays. That’s what we call it in the workplace,”says a womanin her 20s. She doesn’t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. “I say I’m prison-breaking on Friday nights.” But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There’s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.I）Park Yeon Soo, The man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated, too. He says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It’s a good car now. But we’re waiting for a good driver to accelerate.” But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.J）Songdo’s backers contend that it’s still early, and business space is filling up — about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. “There have been a lot of utopia n （乌托邦的）cities in history. And the reason we don’t know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely.” In other words, when it comes to cities — or anything else — it is hard to predict the future.36.Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37.The man who conceived Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short ofhis expectations.38.A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.40.Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according toa professor.41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43.A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to internationaltransportation.44.According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foreseewhat happen in the future.45.Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D.. You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税) 1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia’s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and iced teas. It’s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages —including low- and no-calorie choices.” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association.” But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.”An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America. “Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It’s not ‘just Berkeley’ anymore.”Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.46.What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia? A）I t will change the lifestyle of many consumers.B）I t may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C）I t will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.D）I t may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.47.What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A）B argain with the city council.B）R efuse to pay additional tax.C）T ake legal action against it.D）T ry to win public support.48.What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?A）I t tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.B）I t tried to win grocers’ support against the measure.C）I t kept sending letters of protest to the media.D）I t criticized the measure through advertising.49.What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A）A lert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B）H elp people to fix certain long-time health issues.C）A dd to the fund for their research on diseases.D）B enefit low-income people across the country.50.What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some othercities?A）T hey are becoming rather sensitive issues.B）T hey are spreading panic in the soda industry.C）T hey are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D）T hey are taking away a lot of profit from the soda industry.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status” items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO₂ - the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change – at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment.” say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behavior. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO₂ in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave salescould be seen as a positive thing.51.What is the finding of the new study?A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C) CO₂ emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.D) The use of microwaves emits more CO₂ than people think.52.Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A) They are becoming more affordable.B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.C) They are getting much easier to operate.D) They take less time to cook than other appliances.53.What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A) Cooking food of different varieties.B) Improving microwave users’ habits.C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.54.What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.C) The UK produces less CO₂ than many other countries in the EU.D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55.What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C) It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。
2019年12月大学英语四级真题及答案共20页文档
2019年12月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a singleline through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) “At the office” is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The man could come some time later.B) The size the man wants will arrive soon.C) The size of the skirt is ail right for the man.D) The man could buy a shirt of a different color.2. A) The woman is filming the lake.B) The woman is running toward the lake.C) The woman can’t take a photo of the man.D) The woman is watching an exciting film with the man.3. A) It’s quiet in the restaurant.B) The restaurant is too far from their school.C) The price is high in the restaurant.D) The restaurant serves good food.4. A) On a busy street.B) In a Hong Kong hotel.C) At an airport.D) At a booking office.5. A) The woman should confirm her appointment with the doctor.B) The woman should have seen the doctor earlier.C) The woman’s headache will go away by itself.D) The woman has been complaining too much.6. A) Put off his appointment with Mr. Johnson.B) Help move things to Mr. Johnson’s office.C) Help the woman move the items.D) Hurry to Mr. Johnson’s office.7. A) The man didn’t practice hard enough.B) The man should find a new partner.C) The man should not give up.D) The man should not dream of being a superstar.8. A) It doesn’t appeal to her.B) It’s incredibly delicious.C) She has already tasted it.D) There is no more left.9. A) The man is a diligent student.B) The man has bad study habits.C) The man has made a mess of his midterm exam.D) The man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.10. A) The man has finished Ms assignment.B) The man is willing to help the woman.C) The man will drive the woman to school.D) The man is losing patience with the woman.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The importance of good manners.B) The art of saying thank you.C) The secret of staying pretty.D) The difference between elegance and good manners.12. A) They were willing to spend more money on clothes.B) They paid more attention to their appearance.C) They were more aware of changes in fashion.D) They were nicer and gentler.13. A) By putting on a little make-up.B) By decorating our homes.C) By being kind and generous.D) By wearing fashionable clothes.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Children don’t get enough education in safety.B) The playgrounds are in poor condition.C) The playgrounds are overcrowded.D) Children are keen on dangerous games.15. A) They should help maintain the equipment.B) They should teach their children how to use the equipment.C) They should stop their children from climbing ladders.D) They should keep a watchful eye on their children.16. A) They can be creative when they feel secure.B) They may panic in front of high playground equipment.C) They should be aware of the potential risks in the playground.D) They tend to stay within shouting or running distance of their parents.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) It’s admired worldwide.B) It takes skill.C) It pays well.D) It’s a full-time job.18. A) An old lady carrying a handbag on the left.B) A mother with a baby in her arms.C) A woman whose bag is hanging in front.D) A lone female with a handbag at her right side.19. A) A side pocket of his jacket.B) The top pocket of his jacket.C) A side pocket of his trousers.D) The back pocket of his tight trousers.20. A) Clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard.B) Hotels and restaurants in southeast London.C) Airports where people carry a lot of luggage.D) Theater lobbies with uniformed security guards.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.I’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children aresignificantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are America’s kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation—brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things—and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place.Given that we can’t turn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.21. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people’s state of mindare ________.A) surprisingB) confusingC) illogicalD) questionable22. What does the author mean when he says, “we can’t turn the clock back” (Line 1,Para. 3)?A) It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change.B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.D) It’s impossible to forget the past.23. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated asmentally ill 50 years ago ________.A) were less isolated physicallyB) were probably less self-centeredC) probably suffered less from anxietyD) were considered less individualistic24. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is________.A) to provide them with a safer environmentB) to lower their expectations for themC) to get them more involved sociallyD) to set a good model for them to follow25. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.B) Children’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.C) Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.D) Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story:I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles, several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice” isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probably have to ask for it.Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market.What will someone else pay for your services?Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.26. According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should ________.A) demonstrate his capabilityB) give his boss a good impressionC) ask for as much money as he canD) ask for the salary he hopes to get27. What can be inferred from Beth’s story?A) Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.B) If people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.C) People should not be content with what they have got.D) People should be careful when negotiating for a job.28. We can learn from the passage that ________.A) unfairness exists in salary increasesB) most people are overworked and underpaidC) one should avoid overstating one’s performanceD) most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises29. To get a pay raise, a person should ________.A) advertise himself on the job marketB) persuade his boss to sign a long-term contractC) try to get inside information about the organizationD) do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions30. To be successful in negotiations, one must ________.A) meet his boss at the appropriate timeB) arrive at the negotiation table punctuallyC) be good at influencing the outcome of the interactionD) be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma’s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes andsilver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best.But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware (粗陶)-and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs—one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the com pany “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television;Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time?Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (礼节) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (“Chew with your mouth closed.” “Keep your elbows off the table.”) must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless socially.31. The trend toward casual dining has resulted in ________.A) bankruptcy of fine china manufacturersB) shrinking of the pottery industryC) restructuring of large enterprisesD) economic recession in Great Britain32. Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?A) Family members need more time to relax.B) Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.C) People want to practice economy in times of scarcity.D) Young people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation.33. It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is ________.A) a retailer of stainless steel tablewareB) a dealer in stonewareC) a pottery chain storeD) a producer of fine china34. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is ________.A) the increased value of the poundB) the economic recession in AsiaC) the change in people’s way of lifeD) the fierce competition at home and abroad35. Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life________.A) are still a must on certain occasionsB) axe bound to return sooner or laterC) are still being taught by parents at homeD) can help improve personal relationshipsPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects.Located on the shore of Sullivan’s Island off the coast of South Carolina, th e award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane (飓风) Hugo 10 years ago. In September 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state.Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina’s shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn’t strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugo’s wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivan’s Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour.At first sight, the house on Sullivan’s Island looks anything but hur ricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern (灯笼)” at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The house’s wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings—long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm surges. The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. “These swells of water come ashore attremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,” said Huff.Huff designed the t imber pilings to be partially concealed by the house’s ground-to-roof shell. “The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn’t look like it’s standing with its pant legs pulled up,” said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.36. After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along SouthCarolina’s shore line are required ________.A) to be easily reinforcedB) to look smarter in designC) to meet stricter building standardsD) to be designed in the shape of cubes37. The award-winning beach house is quite strong because ________.A) it is strengthened by steel rodsB) it is made of redwoodC) it is in the shape of a shellD) it is built with timber and concrete38. Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to________.A) withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hrB) anchor stronger pilings deep in the sandC) break huge sea waves into smaller onesD) prevent water from rushing into the house39. The main function of the shell is ________.A) to strengthen the pilings of the houseB) to give the house a better appearanceC) to protect the wooden frame of the houseD) to slow down the speed of the swelling water40. It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be ________.A) fancy-lookingB) waterproofC) easily breakableD) extremely strongPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. He asked us to ________ them in carrying through their plan.A) provideB) arouseC) assistD) persist42. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, ________ was to be expected.A) thatB) whatC) soD) as43. He was such a ________ speaker that he held our attention every minute of thethree-hour lecture.A) specificB) dynamicC) heroicD) diplomatic44. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the ________ which occurred inhis dormitory.A) occasionsB) mattersC) incidentsD) issues45. The opening between the rocks was very narrow, but the boys managed to ________through.A) pressB) squeezeC) stretchD) leap46. They are trying to ________ the waste discharged by the factory for profit.A) exposeB) exhaustC) exhibitD) exploit47. The manager urged his staff not to ________ the splendid opportunity.A) dropB) missC) escapeD) slide48. ________ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man.A) Much asB) Only ifC) If onlyD) As much49. Because of a ________ engagement, Lora couldn’t attend my birthday party lastSaturday.A) pioneerB) prematureC) priorD) past50. The continuous rain ________ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks.A) set backB) set offC) set outD) set aside51. Not having a good command of English can be a serious ________ preventing youfrom achieving your goals.A) obstacleB) faultC) offenseD) distress52. It’s very ________ of you not to talk aloud while the baby is asleep.A) concernedB) carefulC) considerableD) considerate53. Many a player who had been highly thought of has ________ from the tennis scene.A) disposedB) disappearedC) discouragedD) discarded54. She’s fainted. Throw some water on her face and she’ll ________.A) come roundB) come alongC) come onD) come out55. All their attempts to ________ the child from the burning building were in vain.A) regainB) recoverC) rescueD) reserve56. Computer technology will ________ a revolution in business administration.A) bring aroundB) bring aboutC) bring outD) bring up57. The university has launched a research center to develop new ways of ________bacteria which have become resistant to drug treatments.A) regulatingB) haltingC) interruptingD) combating58. The ________ goal of the book is to help bridge the gap between research andteaching, particularly the gap between researchers and teachers.A) jointB) intensiveC) overallD) decisive59. The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the________ in which people communicate across time and space.A) routeB) transmissionC) visionD) manner60. When I go out in the evening I use the bike ________ the car if I can.A) rather thanB) regardless ofC) in spite ofD) other than61. There is no ________ evidence that people can control their dreams, at least inexperimental situations in a lab.A) rigidB) solidC) smoothD) harsh62. Every culture has developed ________ for certain kinds of food and drink, andequally strong negative attitudes toward others.A) preferencesB) expectationsC) fantasiesD) fashions63. It is reported that Uruguay understands and ________ China on human rights issues.A) grantsB) changesC) abandonsD) backs64. Only a few people have ________ to the full facts of the incident.A) accessB) resortC) contactD) path65. His trousers ________ when he tried to jump over the fence.A) crackedB) splitC) brokeD) burst66. So far, ________ winds and currents have kept the thick patch of oil southeast of theAtlantic coast.A) governingB) blowingC) prevailingD) ruling67. The author was required to submit an ________ of about 200 words together withhis research paper.A) editionB) editorialC) articleD) abstract68. As the old empires were broken up and new states were formed, new officialtongues began to ________ at an increasing rate.A) bring upB) build upC) spring upD) strike up69. Many patients insist on having watches with them in hospital, ________ they haveno schedules to keep.A) even thoughB) forC) as if70. Some plants are very ________ to light; they prefer the shade.A) sensibleB) flexibleC) objectiveD) sensitivePart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You shouldchoose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.It’s an annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that __71__ evening you’re burning the late-night oil in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards, __72__ are throwing the books at kids. __73__ elementary school students are complaining of homework __74__. What’s a well-meaning parent to do?As hard as __75__ may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though you’ve got to get them to do it, __76__ helping too much, or even examining __77__ too carefully, you may keep them __78__ doing it by themselves. “I wouldn’t advise a parent to check every __79__ assignment,” says psychologist John Rosemond, author Of Ending the Tough Homework. “There’s a __80__ of appreciation for trial and error. Let your children __81__ the grade they deserve.”Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their __82__. But “you don’t want them to feel it has to be __83__,” she says.That’s not to say parents should __84__ homework—first, they should monitor how much homework their kids __85__. Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in __86__ four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be “__87__ mom than an hou r and a half,” and two for high-school students. If your child __88__ has mom homework than this, you may want to check __89__ other parents and then talk to the teacher about __90__ assignment71. A) veryB) exactC) rightD) usual72. A) officialsB) parentsD) schools73. A) AlsoB) EvenC) ThenD) However74. A) fatigueB) confusionC) dutyD) puzzle75. A) thereB) weC) theyD) it76. A) viaB) underC) byD) for77. A) questionsB) answersC) standardsD) rules78. A) offB) withoutC) beyondD) from79. A) singleB) pieceC) pageD) other80. A) dropC) cutD) lack81. A) acquireB) earnC) gatherD) reach82. A) exercisesB) defectsC) mistakesD) tests83. A) perfectB) betterC) unusualD) complete84. A) forgetB) refuseC) missD) ignore85. A) haveB) prepareC) makeD) perform86. A) classesB) groupsC) gradesD) terms87. A) aboutB) noC) muchD) few88. A) previouslyB) rarelyC) merelyD) consistently89. A) withB) inC) outD) up90. A) finishingB) loweringC) reducingD) decliningPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter in reply to a friend’s inquiry about applying for admission to your college o r university.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below inChinese:1. 建议报考的专业及理由2. 报考该专业的基本条件3. 应当如何备考A Letter in Reply to a FriendDecember 27th, 2019 Dear,___________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________2019年12月四级参考答案Part IPart IIPart IIIPart IV。
2019年12月四级真题第三套附答案
2019年12月四级真题（第三套）答案附后面Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to study in China. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension❤温馨提示：每年的四级考试全国共考两套听力，其中的第三套真题听力与前两套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同而已，故不再重复给出。
Part III Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Millions of people travel by plane every single day. If you’re planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the 26 feeling air travel often leaves you with.Besides the airport crowds and stress, traveling at a high altitude has real effects on the body. Although the pressure of the cabin is 27 to prevent altitude sickness, you could still 28 sleepiness or a headache. The lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is 29 to that at 6,000 – 8,000 feet of altitude. A drop in oxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain 30 . To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and coffee.Airplane food might not really be as tasteless as you 31 thought. The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste. Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost 30 percent ina simulation of air travel. However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking water. A dry mouth may 32 taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking fluids.Although in-flight infections 33 in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air 34 used. Unless you’re sitting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn’t worry too much about getting sick. However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, so wash your hands 35 .A) adjustedB) channelsC) equivalentD) experienceE) filtersF) frequentlyG) individualsH) originall I) particular J) primarily K) reduceL) renovated M) smooth N) thriveO) unpleasantSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.A South Korean city designed forthe future takes on a life of its ownA) Getting around a city is one thing –and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another. One vision of the perfect city of the future is a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We’ll Live Next. Kasar da says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports. The idea, as he has put it, is to offer businesses “rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.”B) “The 18th century really was a waterborne (水运的) century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th century a highway, car, truck century – and the 21st century will increasingly be an aviation century, as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,” Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda’s prime examples. It has existed for just a few years. “From the outset, it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,” says Kasarda. “The government built the bridge directly fromthe airport to the Songdo International Business District. And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new airport.”C) Songdo is a stone’s throw from South Korea’s Incheon Airport, its main international hub (枢纽). But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of t he future. Just building a place as an “international business district” doesn’t mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived (构想) this city of the future back in 1986. He considers Songdo his baby. Park sees himself as a visionary. Thirty years after he imagined the city, Park’s baby is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the business district and 90,000 residents in greater Songdo. It’s about an hour outside Seoul, built on former tidal flats along the Yellow Sea. There’s a Coast G uard building and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university.D) Chances are you’ve actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea. “Gangnam Style” refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the video was filmed in Songdo. “I don’t know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not Gangnam. That was actually Songdo,” says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London’s Bart lett School of Planning. “Part of the reason to shoot there is that it’s new and nice.”E) The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies, with employees from all over the world. But that’s not how it has turned out. Songdo’s reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads into the business district. In the center of the main road, there’s a long line of flags of the world. On the corner, there’s a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven – all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.F) The city is not empty. There are mothers pushing baby carriages, old women with walkers –even in the middle of the day, when it’s 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that’s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city – more popular as a residential area than a business one. It’s not yet the futuristic international business hub that pl anners imagined. “It’s a great place to live. And it’s becoming a great place to work,” says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company’s offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of small boats and people fishing. Shimmering (闪烁的) glass towers line the canal’s edge.G) “What’s happened is that our focus on creating that quality of life first has enabled the residents to live here,” Summers says. But there nee ds to bestrong economic incentives for companies to locate here. The city is still unfinished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn’t feel all that futuristic. There’s a high-tech underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody’s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.H) But this is not Star Trek. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow. “I’m, like, in prison for weekdays. That’s what we call it in the workplace,” says a woman in her 20s. She doesn’t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. “I say I’mprison-breaking on Friday nights.” But she has to make the prison break in her own car. Th ere’s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul, just over 20 miles away.I) Park Yeon Soo, the man who first imagined Songdo, feels frustrated, too. He says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle, “like Mercedes or BMW. It’s a good car now. But we’re waiting for a good driver to accelerate.” But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.J) Songdo’s backers contend that it’s still early, and business space is filling up – about 70 percent of finished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal principle. “There have been a lot of utopian (乌托邦的) cities in history. And the reason we d on’t know about a lot of them is that they have vanished entirely.” In other words, when it comes to cities – or anything else – it is hard to predict the future.36. Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37. The man who conceives Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.38. A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39. Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.40. Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation, according to a professor.41. Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42. Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43. A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.44. According to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what will happen in the future.45. Park Yeon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The fifth-largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税) 1.5 cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia’s new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the county. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and ic ed teas. It’s expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding a universalpre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages – including low- andno-calorie choices,” said Lauren Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Associat ion. “But most importantly, it is against the law. So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.”An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the measure, characterizing it as a “grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans. “The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributesto diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,” said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food Amer ica. “Indeed, we are already hearing from some of them. It’s not just ‘Berkeley’ anymore.”Similar measures in California’s Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues. Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.46. What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?A) It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.B) It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C) It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.D) It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.47. What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A) Bargain with the city council.B) Refuse to pay additional tax.C) Take legal action against it.D) Try to win public support.48. What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?A) It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.B) It tried to win grocers’ support against the measure.C) It kept sending letters of protest to the media.D) It criticized the measure through advertising.49. What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A) Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B) Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.C) Add to the fund for their research on diseases.D) Benefit low-income people across the country.50. What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?A) They are becoming rather sensitive issues.B) They are spreading panic in the soda industry.C) They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D)They are taking away lot of profit from the soda industry.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emits as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem is growing. With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming “status” items, owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years. This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach 135 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO2 – the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change – at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. “It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment,” say the authors. The authors also calculate that the emissions from using 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car. According to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal of energy, their emissions are minor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Backing this up, recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO2 in 2015. This is 10 times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking. Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking, microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.51. What is the finding of the new study?A) Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people think.52. Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A) They are becoming more affordable.B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.C) They are getting much easier to operate.D) They take less time to cook than other appliances.53. What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A) Cooking food of different varieties.B) Improving microwave users’ habits.C) Eating less to cut energy consumption.D) Using microwave ovens less frequently.54. What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.B) People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU.D) More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55. What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?A) It will become less popular in the coming decades.B) It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C) It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D) It consumes more power than conventional cooking.Part IV TranslationDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。
2019年12月英语四级考试真题试卷(完整版 第3套)
2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题完整版（第三套）Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) The number of male nurses has gone down.B) There is discrimination against male nurses.C) There is a growing shortage of medical personnel.D) The number of nurses has dropped to a record low.2. A) Working conditions.B) Educational system.C) Inadequate pay.D) Cultural bias.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) He fell out of a lifeboat.B) He was almost drowned.C) He lost his way on a beach.D) He enjoyed swimming in the sea.4. A) The lifeboats patrol the area round the clock.B) The beach is a good place to watch the tide.C) The emergency services are efficient.D) The beach is a popular tourist resort.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It climbed 25 storeys at one go.B) It broke into an office room.C) It escaped from a local zoo.D) It became an online star.6. A) Release it into the wild.B) Return it to its owner.C) Send it back to the zoo.D) Give it a physical checkup.7. A) A racoon can perform acts no human can.B) A racoon can climb much higher than a cat.C) The racoon did something no politician could.D) The raccoon became as famous as some politicians.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) She received a bonus unexpectedly.B) She got a well-paying job in a bank.C She received her first monthly salary.D) She got a pay raise for her performance.9. A) Two decades ago.B) Several years ago.C) Just last month.D) Right after graduation.10. A) He sent a small check to his parents.B) He treated his parents to a nice meal.C) He took a few of his friends to a gym.D) He immediately deposited it in a bank.11. A) Join her colleagues for gym exercise.B) Visit her former university campus.C) Buy some professional clothes.D) Budget her salary carefully.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He has just too many things to attend to.B) He has been overworked recently.C) He has a difficult decision to make.D) He has just quarreled with his girlfriend.13. A) Turn to his girlfriend for assistance.B) Give priority to things more urgent.C) Think twice before making the decision.D) Seek advice from his family and advisor.14. A) His girlfriend does not support his decision.B) He is not particularly keen on the job offered.C) He lacks the money for his doctoral program.D) His parents and advisor have different opinions.15. A)They need time to make preparations.B) They haven’ t started their careers yet.C) They need to save enough money for it.D) They haven’t won their parents’ approval.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Expressing ideas and opinions freely.B) Enriching social and intellectual lives.C) Acquiring information and professional knowledge.D) Using information to understand and solve problems.17. A) Traveling to different places in the world.B) Playing games that challenge one’s mind.C) Improving mind-reading strategies.D) Reading classic scientific literature.18. A) Participate in debates or discussions.B) Expose themselves to different cultures.C) Discard personal biases and prejudices.D) Give others freedom to express themselves.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Why dogs can be faithful friends of humans.B) The nature of relationships between dogs.C) The reason a great many people love dogs.D) How dogs feel about their bonds with humans.20. A) They behave like other animals in many ways.B) They have an unusual sense of responsibility.C) They can respond to humans’ questions.D) They can fall in love just like humans.21. A) They stay with one partner for life.B) They have their own joys and sorrows.C) They experience true romantic love.D) They help humans in various ways.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) A rare animal.B) A historical site.C) A cow bone.D) A precious stone.23. A) Dating it.B) Preserving it.C) Measuring it.D) Identifying it.24. A) The channel needs to interview the boy.B) The boy should have called an expert.C) The boy's family had acted correctly.D) The site should have been protected.25. A) Conduct a more detailed search.B) Ask the university to reward Jude.C) Search for similar fossils elsewhere.D) Seek additional funds for the search.Part III. Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section AFinally, some good news about airplane traverl. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the 26 of a new study that looked at how respiratory(呼吸道)viruses 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only people who were seated in individual – had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very 28 chance of getting sick ,according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore , these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less 30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air.Prior to the new study, litter was known about the risks of getting 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said. So, to 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U.S. 34 side of a person infected with flu, as well as those sitting one roe in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 person chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu.A) accurateB) conclusionC) directlyD) eitherE) evaluateF) explorationsG) flightsH) largelyI) nearbyJ) respondK) slimL) spreadM) summitN) vividlyO) vulnerableSection B暂无真题Section C暂无真题Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。
2019年12月英语四级阅读理解习题及答案(三)
2019年12月英语四级阅读理解习题及答案(三)New Yorkers are gradually getting used to more pedalingpassengers on those blazing blue Citi Bikes. But what about localbike shops? Is Citi Bike rolling up riders attheir expense? AtGotham Bikes in Tribeca, a manager who gave his name as “Ben W.”said the shop has seen an increase in its overall sales due to thebike-share program. “It’s getting more people on the road, morepeople learning about the sport and getting involved,” he said. Anemployee at Danny’s Cycles in Gramercy said Citi Bike is a goodoptionfor people to ease into biking in a city famed for itsvehicular congestion and aggressive drivers. “They cantry out abike without committing to buying one,” James Ryan said.Rentals are not a big part of the business at eitherGotham Bikes or Danny’s Cycles. But for Frank’s Bike Shop, a smallbusiness that has been at its current Lower East Side location onGrand St. since 1976, the bike-share program has been bad news.Owner Frank Arroyo said that his rental business has decreased by90 percent since the Citi Bikes were rolled out lastmonth.However, Ben said the bike-share is good for bike sales athis shop. “People have used the bike-share and realized how greatit is to bike in the city, then decide that they want somethingnicer for themselves,” he noted.Christian Farrell of Waterfront Bicycle Shop, on West St.just north of Christopher St., said initially he wasconcernedabout bike-share, though, he admitted, “I was happy to see peopleon bikes.”Farrell’s early concerns were echoed by AndrewCrooks,ow ner of NYC Velo, at 64 Second Ave. “It seemed likea great idea,but one that would be difficult to implement,” Crooks said of CitiBike. He said he worried about inexperienced riders’ lack ofawareness of biking rules and backlash from non-cyclists. However,he said, it’s still too early to tell if his business has beenimpacted.While it’s possible bike-share will cause a drop inbusiness in the long run, Crooks allowed that the idea, asa whole,is good for the city.参考答案：56题 B题干意思是：对于在纽约逐渐提升的Citi Bikes的使用，作者最为关心的是什么。
2019年12月英语四级阅读练习题及答案(3)
2019年12月英语四级阅读练习题及答案(3)Section CDirections： There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA ),B．, C． andD． . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Educators today are more and more often heard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary for college students. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanent access to his or hcr own microcomputer. What advantages do computers offer the college students?Any student who has used a word processor will know one compelling reason to use a computer： to write papers. Although not all students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most find revising and editing much easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just by pressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite or re-type. Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are more likely to revise as often as is necessary to end up with the best paper possible. For these reasons, many freshman English courses require the use of a word processor.Computers are also useful in the context of language courses, where they are used to drill students in basicskills. Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language ) instruction, as well as instruction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By using these programs on a regular basis, students can improve their proficiency in a language while proceeding at their own pace.Science students take advantage of computers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, for example, botany students can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medical students can learn to interpretcomputerized images of internal body structures. Physics students can complete complex calculations farmore quickly than they could without the use of computer.Similarly, business and accounting students find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensable to many aspects of their work, while students pursuing careersin graphic arts. marketing, and public relations find that knowledge of computer graphic is important. Education majors learn to develop grading systems using computers, whilesocial science students use computers for analyzing and graphically displacing their research results.It is no wonder, then, that educators support thepurchase and use of microcomputers by students. A versatile tool, the computer can help students learn. And that is,after all, the reason for going to college.56. The word "literacy" (Line 1, Paragraph 1)means__________.A． the ability to read and writeB． the ability to useC． literatureD． the knowledge of language57. The main purpose of this passage is to __________.A． persuade the educators to increase computer use in their own classroomB． analyze advantages and disadvantages of computer use among college studentsC． identify some of the ways that computers benefit college studentsD． describe how computers can be used to teach foreign languages58. According to the author, a word processor can be used to __________.A． revise papersB． retype papersC． reduce the psychological burden of writing papersD． improve the writing skills of a student59. In this passage, the writer's argument is developed primarily through the use of __________.A． cause-effect analysisB． comparison and contrast。
2019年12月四级考试真题 (三)及答案解析版
2019年12月四级考试真题(三)Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese.Please recommend a place to him.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes) 说明：2019年12月四级全国共考了两套听力，本套与前两套相同，只是选项顺序不同，故不再重复。
Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.When travelling overseas,do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water?Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or26the ruins of Angkor.It’s hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor.It’s the safe thing to do,right?The bottle is27,and the label says“pure water”.But maybe what’s inside is not so28.Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world29microplastics?That’s the conclusion of a recently30study,which analysed259bottles from11brands sold in nine countries,31an average of325plastic particles per litre of water.These microplastics included a32commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and33containers.The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media,a journalism organisation.About a million bottles are bought every minute,not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the2.1billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.Confronted with this34,several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology.These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics,but far less than the Orb study suggested.Regardless,the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the 35health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own[A]Getting around a city is one thing—and then there’s the matter of getting from one city to another.One vision of the perfect city of the future:a place that offers easy access to air travel.In2011,a University of North Carolina business professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis:The Way We’ll Live Next.Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports.The idea,as hehas put it,is to offer businesses“rapid,long-distance connectivity on a massive scale.”[B]“The18th century really was a waterborne(水运的)century,the19th century a rail century,the20th century a highway,car,truck century—and the21st century will increasingly be an aviation century,as the globe becomes increasingly connected by air,”Kasarda says.Songdo,a city built from scratch in South Korea,is one of Kasarda’s prime examples.It has existed for just a few years.”From the get-go,it was designed on the basis of connectivity and competitiveness,”says Kasada.“The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the Songdo International Business District.And the surface infrastructure was built in tandem with the new airport.”[C]Songdo is a stone’s throw from South Korea’s Incheon Airport,its main international hub(枢纽).But it takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future.Just building a place as an“international business district”doesn’t mean it will become one.Park Yeon Soo conceived(构想)this city of the future back in1986.He considers Songdo his baby.“I am a visionary,”he says.Thirty years after he imagined the city,Park’s baby is close to70percent built,with36,000people living in the business district and90,000residents in greater Songdo.It’s about an hour outside Seoul,built on reclaimed tidal flats along the Yellow Sea.There’s a Coast Guard building and a tall trade tower,as well as a park,golf course and university.[D]Chances are you’ve actually seen this place.Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to come out of South Korea.“Gangnam Style”refers to thefashionable Gangnam district in Seoul.But some of the video was filmed in Songdo.“I don’t know if you remember,there was a scene in a subway station.That was not Gangnam.That was actually Songdo,”says Jung Won Son,a professor of urban development at London’s Bartlett School of Planning.“Part of the reason to shoot there is that it’s new and nice.”[E]The city was supposed to be a hub for global companies,with employees from all over the world.But that’s not how it has turned out.Songdo’s reputation is as a futuristic ghost town.But the reality is more complicated.A bridge with big,light-blue loops leads into the business district.In the center of the main road,there’s a long line of flags of the world.On the corner,there’s a Starbucks and a7-Eleven—all of the international brands that you see all over the world nowadays.[F]The city is not empty.There are mothers pushing strollers,old women with walkers—even in the middle of the day,when it’s90degrees out.Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in2005.He says demand has boomed in the past couple of years.Most of his clients are Korean.In fact,the developer says,99percent of the homes here are sold to Koreans.Young families move here because the schools are great.And that’s the problem: Songdo has become a popular Korean city—more popular as a residential area than a business one.It’s not yet the futuristic international business hub that planners imagined.“It’s a great place to live.And it’s becoming a great place to work,”says Scott Summers, the vice president of Gale International,the developer of the city.The floor-to-ceiling windows of his company’s offices overlook Songdo Central Park,with a canal full ofkayaks and paddle boats.Shimmering(闪烁的)glass towers line the canal’s edge.[G]“What’s happened is,because we focused on creating that quality of life first, which enabled the residents to live here,what has probably missed the mark is for companies to locate here,”he says.“There needs to be strong economic incentives.”The city is still unfinished,and it feels a bit like a theme park.It doesn’t feel all that futuristic.There’s a high-tech underground trash disposal system.Buildings are environmentally friendly.Everybody’s television set is connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes.[H]But Star Trek this is not.And to some of the residents,Songdo feels hollow.“I’m, like,in prison for weekdays.That’s what we call it in the workplace,”says a woman in her20s.She doesn’t want to use her name for fear of being fired from her job.She goes back to Seoul every weekend.“I say I’m prison-breaking on Friday nights.”But she has to make the prison break in her own car.There’s no high-speed train connecting Songdo to Seoul,just over20miles away.[I]Park Yeon Soo,the man who first imagined Songdo feels frustrated,too.Park says he built South Korea a luxury vehicle,“like Mercedes or BMW.It’s a good car now. But we’re waiting for a good driver to accelerate.”But there are lots of other good cars out there,too.The world is dotted with futuristic,high-tech cities trying to attract the biggest international companies.[J]Songdo’s backers contend that it’s still early,and business space is filling up一about70percent of finished offices are now occupied.Brent Ryan,who teaches urban design at MIT,says Songdo proves a universal principle.“There have been a lot of utopian(乌托邦的)cities in history.And the reason we don’t know about a lot of them is that a lot of them have vanished entirely.”In other words,when it comes to cities一or anything else一it is hard to predict the future.36.Songdo’s popularity lies more in its quality of life than its business attraction.37.The man who conceives Songdo feels disappointed because it has fallen short of his expectations.38.A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo.39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for businesses to set up shop there.40.Airplanes will increasingly become the chief means of transportation,according toa professor.41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be.42.Some of the people who work in Songdo complain about boredom in the workplace.43.A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to international transportation.44.According to an urban design professor,it is difficult for city designers to foresee what happen in the future.45.Park Yeon Soo,who envisioned Songdo,feels a parental connection with the city.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy (征税)1.5cents per liquid ounce on distributors.Philadelphia’s new measure was approved by a13to4city council vote.It sets a new bar for similar initiatives across the country.It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can win substantial support outside super-liberal areas.Until now,the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley,California,in2014.The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas,as well as other drinks with added sugar,such as Gatorade and iced teas.It’s expected to raise$410million over the next five years,most of which will go toward funding a universal pre-kindergarten program for the city.While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure,including soda lobbyists,made sharp criticisms and apromise to challenge the tax in court.“The tax passed today unfairly singles out beverages–including low-and no-calorie choices.”said Lauren Kane,spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association.”But most importantly,it is against the law.So we will side with the majority of the people of Philadelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it.An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least$4million on advertisements.The ads criticized the measure,characterizing it as a“grocery tax.”Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing certain lasting health issues that plague Americans.”The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that contributes to diabetes,obesity and heart disease in poorer communities in order to reinvest in those communities will sure be inspirational to many other places,”said Jim Krieger,executive director of Healthy Food America.“Indeed,we are already hearing from some of them.It’s not‘just Berkeley’anymore.”Similar measures in California’s Albany,Oakland,San Francisco and Colorado’s Boulder are becoming hot-button issues.Health advocacy groups have hinted that even more might be coming.46.What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?A)It will change the lifestyle of many consumers.B)It may encourage other US cities to follow suit.C)It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities.D)It may influence the marketing strategies of the soda business.47.What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?A)Bargain with the city council.C)Take legal action against it.B)Refuse to pay additional tax.D)Try to win public support.48.What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?A)It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers.B)It tried to win grocers’support against the measure.C)It kept sending letters of protest to the media.D)It criticized the measure through advertising.49.What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?A)Alert people to the risk of sugar-induced diseases.B)Help people to fix certain long-time health issues.C)Add to the fund for their research on diseases.D)Benefit low-income people across the country.50.What do we learn about similar measures concerning the soda tax in some other cities?A)They are becoming rather sensitive issues.B)They are spreading panic in the soda industry.C)They are reducing the incidence of sugar-induced diseases.D)They are taking away a lot of profit from the soda industry.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Popping food into the microwave for a couple of minutes may seem utterly harmless,but Europe’s stock of these quick-cooking ovens emit as much carbon as nearly7million cars,a new study has found.And the problem is growing.With costs falling and kitchen appliances becoming“status”items,owners are throwing away microwaves after an average of eight years.This is pushing sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach135million annually in the EU by the end of the decade.A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO2—the main greenhouse gas responsible for climate change—at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal.“It is electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment,”say the authors.The authors also calculate that the emissions from using19microwaves over a year are the same as those from using a car.According to the same study,efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness and behaviour.For example,consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjusting the time of cooking to the type of food.However,David Reay,professor of carbon management,argues that,although microwaves use a great deal of energy,their emissions are minor compared to those from cars.In the UK alone,there are around30million cars.These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU.Backing this up,recent data show that passenger cars in the UK emitted69million tons of CO2in2015.This is10times the amount this new microwave oven study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU.Further,the energy used by microwaves is lower than any other form of cooking.Among common kitchen appliances used for cooking,microwaves are the most energy efficient,followed by a stove and finally a standard oven.Thus,rising microwave sales could be seen as a positive thing.51.What is the finding of the new study?A)Quick-cooking microwave ovens have become more popular.B)The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health.C)CO2emissions constitute a major threat to the environment.D)The use of microwaves emits more CO2than people think.52.Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?A)They are becoming more affordable.B)They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances.C)They are getting much easier to operate.D)They take less time to cook than other appliances.53.What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?A)Cooking food of different varieties.C)Eating less to cut energy consumption.B)Improving microwave users’habit.D)Using microwave ovens less frequently.54.What does Professor David Reay try to argue?A)There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves.B)People should be persuaded into using passenger cars less often.C)The UK produces less CO2,than many other countries in the EU.D)More data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful.55.What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?A)It will become less popular in the coming decades.B)It makes everyday cooking much more convenient.C)It plays a positive role in environmental protection.D)It consumes more power than conventional cooking.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。
2019年12月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷及参考答案第三套
特别说明听力部分与第一或者第三套真题完全相同PartⅣ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。
中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。
千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。
然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。
一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。
从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。
父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。
参考答案2019.12第三套真题参考范文Dear Jack ,I am delighted to hear that you are going to learn Chinese in a Chinese university. Since you have asked for my advice about choosing which university, I will try to give you some useful suggestions here.It is well known that Peking University is a great place to learn Chinese. There are several factors accounting for this choice and the following are the most typical ones. First and foremost, Peking University is one of the top universities in China and the birthplace of many great minds. Therefore, it can provide high-quality teaching resources, which is essential for a foreigner learner.In addition, Beijing is the capital of China and there are various historic buildings. They provide foreign students a good chance to know Chinese culture and history.I hope you will find these suggestions helpful and wish you all the best.Yours,Li Ming26-30 OADCG 31-35 HKNEF36-40 FIDGB 41-45 EHAJC46-50 BCDBA 51-55 DDABA参考翻译The full name of China's Han ethnic group is made up of family name and given name. One characteristic of the Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by given name. For thousands of years, the father's family name has been passed on from generation to generation. However, it is not uncommon now for a child to have the mother’s family name. Generally speaking, a given name contains one or two Chinese characters, which carries the parents' hope for the kid. Therefore, it's easy to infer from the name what kind of person the parents expect their child to be, or what kind of life to lead. Parents attach great importance to naming their kid as names usually go with them for a whole life.资料来源于网络，大学生资源共享平台收集整理。
2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题+参考答案完整版
2019 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案完整版Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)2019 年12 月14 日，大学英语四级笔试考试已经结束，各位考生对本次四级考试的做题感觉如何呢？文都教育英语老师在第一时间为大家解读2019 年12月大学英语四级考试真题参考答案，希望大家都能够顺利通过本次四级考试。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letterto a foreign friend who wants to study. Please recommend a university tohim. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【参考范文】Dear Lucy,I am delighted to hear that you are going to study in a Chineseuniversity. Since you have asked for my advice about choosing whichuniversity, I will try to give you some useful suggestions here.It is well known that Peking University is a great place to learn.There are several factors accounting for this choice and the followingare the most typical ones. First and foremost, Peking University is one of the top universities in China and the birthplace of many great minds.Therefore, it can provide high-quality teaching resources, which isessential for a foreign learner.In addition, Beijing is the capital of China and there are various historic buildings. They provide foreign students a good chance to know Chineseculture and history.I hope you will find these suggestions helpful and wishyou all t he best.Ming【参考译文】亲爱的露丝：Yours, Li得知你要来中国的大学学习，我很高兴。
2019年12月英语四级真题答案解析(第三套)
2019年12月英语四级真题答案解析（第三套）选词填空信息匹配仔细阅读翻译写作26: B admiring27: M sealed28: I natural29: C contains30: K released31: L revealing32: 0 substance33: G liquid34: evidence35: potential36:F段落第一句: The city is no empty37:Ⅰ段落第一句: Park Yeon See, the man who first i38:D段落第一句: Chances are you' ve actually seen th39:G段落第一句:“What' s happened is that our focus on 40:B段落第一句:Thel8 th century really was a water41:E段落第一句: The city was supposed to be a hub fo42:Ⅱ段落第一句: But this is not star trek43:A段落第一句: Getting around a city is one thing- an44:了段落第一句: Songdo’s backers contend that it's st 45:C段落第一句: Songdo is a stone' s throw from Sout 46-50:教材的命运46、C)They cant connect professors and students as textbooks do47、D) Falling sales48、A) Reform its structures49、C)Answer questions using their personal experience50、B)They can learn in an interactive way51-55:新型物种51、D)It gets energy from both food and sunlight52、A)The genes it captures from the sea plant algae53、D)They can produce chlorophyll on their own54、C)They don't usually function inside animal cells55、B)They can survive for months without eating卷三中国家庭姓氏中国汉族人的全名由姓和名。
2019年12月英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(3)
2019年12月英语四级考试阅读习题及答案解析(3)iv style="height：40px; width：100%; border：1px dashed#99CCFF; margin：10px auto;">Passage 3There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling .No school I have taught in has ever _____ spelling or considered it unimportant as abasic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideasabout how to teach it , or how much _____ it must be givenover general language development and writing ability. The problem is , how to encourage a child to express himselffreely and _____ in writing with out holding him back withthe complexities of spelling? If spelling become the onlyfocal point of his teacher’s interest, clearly a __4__ child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid __5__ language. That’s why teachers often __6__ the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather thantechnical ability. I was once shocked to read on the bottomof a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience ：“ This work is __7__ !There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible( 难以辨认的).” It may have been a sharp __8__ of the pupil’s technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which __9__ some beautiful expressions of the child’s deep feelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centred on the child’sideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more __10__ to seek improvement.A)priority B)criticism C)contained D)clearlyE)adventurous F ) discourage G)motivation H)terribleI)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressedM)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed答案及解析：1. 选 I )。
2019年12月英语四级阅读答案(卷三)
2019年12月英语四级阅读答案（卷三）26： B admiring27： M sealed28： I natural29： C contains30： K released31： L revealing32： 0 substance33： G liquid34： evidence35： potential36：E 首句：If breakfast alone isn't a guarantee of weight loss37：I首句：What,s more important, some argue, is what we eat for breakfast38：B 首句：The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and repair39：G 首句：Researchers from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen40：D 首句：But as with any study of this kind, it was unclear if41：J 首句：But some research suggests if we're going to eat sugary foods42：A 首句：Along with old clasaics like "carrots give you night vision"43：F 首句：A2021 review of 10 studies looking into the relationship44：C 首句： What's the reality?45：H 首句： Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function46-50：教材的命运46、C)They cant connect professors and students as textbooks do47、D) Falling sales48、A) Reform its structures49、C)Answer questions using their personal experience50、B)They can learn in an interactive way51-55：新型物种51、D)It gets energy from both food and sunlight52、A)The genes it captures from the sea plant algae53、D)They can produce chlorophyll on their own54、C)They don't usually function inside animal cells55、B)They can survive for months without eating温馨提示：2019年12月英语四级考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题实行核对。
2019年12月大学英语四级真题试卷及答案(三套全)
2019年12月四级真题及答案（全三套）第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and then questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.C) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer. B) It found its way back to the park’s zoo.C) It became a great attraction for tourists. D) It was sent to the animal control department. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It is the largest of its kind. B) It is going to be expanded.C) It is displaying more fossil specimens. D) It is staring an online exhibition.4. A) A collection of bird fossils from Australia. B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia. D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Pick up trash. B) Amuse visitors.C) Deliver messages. D) Play with children.6. A) They are especially intelligent. B) They are children’s favorite.C) They are quite easy to tame. D) They are clean and pretty.7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks. B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.C) Children may contract bird diseases. D) Children may overfeed the rooks.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It will be produced at Harvard University. B) It will be hosted by famous professors.C) It will cover different areas of science. D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.9. A) It will be more futuristic. B) It will be more systematic.C) It will be more entertaining. D) It will be easier to understand.10. A) People interested in science. B) Youngsters eager to explore.C) Children in their early teens. D) Students majoring in science.11. A) Offer professional advice. B) Provide financial support.C) Help promote it on the Internet. D) Make episodes for its first season.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Unsure. B) Helpless. C) Concerned. D) Dissatisfied.13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect. B) He loses heart when faced with setbacks.C) He is too ambitious in achieving goals. D) He takes on projects beyond his ability.14. A) Embarrassed. B) Unconcerned. C) Miserable. D) Resentful.15. A) Try to be optimistic whatever happens. B) Compare his present with his past only.C) Always learn from others’ achievements.D) Treat others the way he would be treated.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.B) They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.C) They are more likely to become engineers.D) They have greater potential to be leaders.17. A) Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.B) Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.C) Insist that boys and girls work together more.D) Respond more positively to boys’ comments.18. A) Offer personalized teaching materials. B) Provide a variety of optional courses.C) Place great emphasis on test scores. D) Pay extra attention to top students. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It often rains cats and dogs. B) It seldom rains in summer time.C) It does not rain as much as people think. D) It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.20. A) They drive most of the time. B) The rain is usually very light.C) They have got used to the rain. D) The rain comes mostly at night.21. A) It has a lot of places for entertainment.B) It has never seen thunder and lighting.C) It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.D) It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.B) It results from exerting one’s muscles continuously.C) It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.D) It comes from staining one’s muscles in an unusual way.23. A) Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.B) Body movements in the affected area become difficult.C) They begin to make repairs immediately.D) They gradually become fragmented.24. A) About one week. B) About two days.C) About ten days. D) About four weeks.25. A) Apply muscle creams. B) Drink plenty of water.C) Have a hot shower. D) Take pain-killers..Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or 26 the ruins of Angkor. It’s hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It’s the safe, sane thing to do, right? The bottle is27 , and the label says “pure water”, but maybe what’s inside is not so28 . Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world 29 microplastics?That’s the conclusion of a recently 30 study, which analyzed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, 31 an average of 325 plastic particles per liter of water. These microplastics included a 32 commonly known as PET and are widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and 33 containers. The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organization. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.Confronted with this 34 , several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coco-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organization has now launched a review into the 35 health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Quiet Heroism of Mail Delivery[A] On Wednesday, a polar wind brought bitter cold to the Midwest. Overnight, Chicago reached a low of 21 degrees Fahrenheit below zero, making it slightly colder than Antarctica, Alaska, and the North Pole. Wind chills were 64 degrees below zero in Park Rapids, Minnesota, and 45 degrees below zero in Buffalo, North Dakota, according to the National Weather Service. Schools, restaurants, and businesses closed, and more than 1,000 flights have been canceled.[B] Even the United States Postal Service (USPS) suspended mail delivery temporarily. “Due to this arctic outbreak and concerns for the safety of USPS employees,” USPS announced Wednesday morning, “the Postal Service is suspending delivery Jan. 30 in the following 3-digit ZIP Code locations.” Twelve regions were listed as unsafe on Wednesday; on Thursday, eight remained.[C] As global surface temperatures increase, so does the likelihood of extreme weather. In 2018 alone, wildfires, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, mudslides, and other natural disasters cost at least $49 billion in the United States. As my colleague V ann Newkirk reported, Puerto Rico is still confronting economic and structural destruction and resource scarcity from 2017’s Hurrican e Maria. Natural disasters can wreck a community’s infrastructure, disrupting systems for months or years. Some services, however, remind us that life will eventually return, in some form, to normal.[D] Days after the deadly 2017 wildfires in Santa Rosa, California, a drone caught footage of a USPS worker, Trevor Smith, driving through burned homes in that familiar white van, collecting mail in an affected area. Thevideo is striking: The operation is familiar, but the scene looks like the end of the world. According to Rae Ann Haight, the program manager for the national-preparedness office at USPS, Smith was fulfilling a request made by some of the home owners to pick up any mail that was left untouched. For Smith, this was just another day on the job. “I followed my route like I normally do,” Smith told a reporter. “As I’d come across a box that was up but with no house, I checked, and there was mail—outgoing mail—in it. And so we picked those up and carried on.”[E] USPS has sophisticated emergency plans for natural disasters. Across the country, 285 emergency-management teams are devoted to crisis control. These teams are trained annually using a framework known as the three Ps: people, property, product. After mail service stops due to weather, the agen cy’s top priority is ensuring that employees are safe. Then it evaluates the health of infrastructure, such as the roads that mail carriers drive on. Finally, it decides when and how to re-open operations. If the destruction is extreme, mail addressed to the area will get sent elsewhere. In response to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, USPS redirected incoming New Orleans mail to existing mail facilities in Houston. Mail that was already processed in New Orleans facilities was moved to an upper floor so it would be protected from water damage.[F] As soon as it’s safe enough to be outside, couriers start distributing accumulated mail on the still-accessible routes. USPS urges those without standing addresses to file change-of-address forms with their new location. After Hurricane Katrina hit in 2005, mail facilities were set up in dozens of other locations across the country in the two weeks that USPS was unable to provide street delivery.[G] Every day, USPS processes, on average, 493.4 million pieces of mail—anything from postcards to Social Security checks to medicine. Spokespeople from both USPS and UPS told me all mail is important. But some mail can be extremely sensitive and timely. According to data released in January 2017, 56 percent of bills are paid online, which means that just under half of payments still rely on delivery services to be completed. [H] It can be hard to identify which parcels are carrying crucial items such as Social Security checks, but USPS and UPS try their best to prioritize sensitive material. They will coordinate with the Social Security Administration to make sure that Social Security checks reach the right people in a timely fashion. After Hurricane Florence and Hurricane Michael last fall, USPS worked with state and local election boards to make sure that absentee ballots were available and received on time.[I] Mail companies are logistics companies, which puts them in a special position to help when disaster strikes. In a 2011 USPS case study, the agency emphasized its massive in frastructure as a “unique federal asset” to be called upon in a disaster or terrorist attack. “I think we’re unique as a federal agency,” USPS official MikeSwigart told me, “because we’re in literally every community in this country … We’re obligated to d eliver to that point on a daily basis.”[J] Private courier companies, which have more dollars to spend, use their expertise in logistics to help revitalize damaged areas after a disaster. For more than a decade, FedEx has supported the American Red Cross in its effort to get emergency supplies to areas affected by disasters, both domestically and internationally. In 2012, the company distributed more than 1,200 MedPacks to Medical Reserve Corps groups in California, and donated space for 3.1 million pounds of charitable shipping globally. Last October, the company pledged $1 million in cash and transportation support for Hurricanes Florence and Michael. UPS’s charitable arm, the UPS Foundation, uses the company’s logistics to help disaster-struck areas rebu ild. “We realize that as a company with people, trucks, warehouses, we needed to play a larger role,” said Eduardo Martinez, the president of the UPS Foundation. The company employs its trucks and planes to deliver food, medicine, and water. The day before I spoke to Martinez in November, he had been touring the damage from Hurricane Michael in Florida with the American Red Cross. “We have an obligation to make sure our communities are thriving, prosperous,” he said.[K] Rebuilding can take a long time, and even then, impressions of the disaster may still remain. Returning to a sense of normalcy can be difficult, but some small routines—mail delivery being one of them—may help residents remember that their communities are still their communities. “When they see that carrier back out on the street,” Swigart said, “that’s the first sign to them that life is starting to return to normal.”36. The United States Postal Service has a system to ensure its employees’ safety.37. One official says USPS is unique in that it has more direct reach to communities compared with other federal agencies38. Natural disasters can have a long-lasting impact on community life.39. Mail delivery service i$ still responsible for the completion of almost half of payments.40. The sight of a mailman on the street is a reassuring sign of life becoming normal again.41. After Hurricane Katrina interrupted routine delivery, temporary mail service points were set up.42. Postal service in some regions in the U.S. was suspended due to extreme cold weather.43. Private postal companies also support disaster relief efforts by distributing urgent supplies.44. A dedicated USPS employee was on the job carrying out duties in spite of extreme conditions.45. Postal services work hard to identify items that require priority treatment.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech’s online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor G oel already had 8 teaching assistants, but that wasn’t enough to deal with the overwhelming number of questions from students.Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn’t too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill the questions and answers. After some adjustment and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn’t know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with artificial intelligence and couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill’s true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.The goal of Professor Goel’s virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all questions posed by students on the online forum. The name, Jill Watson, will of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of AI than say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.46. What do we learn about Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence?A) It is a robot that can answer students’ questions.B) It is a course designed for students to learn online.C) It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.D) It is a computer program that aids student learning.47. What problem did Professor Goel meet with?A) His students were unsatisfied with the assistants.B) His course was too difficult for the students.C) Students’ questions were too many to handle.D) Too many students dropped out of his course.48. What do we learn about Jill Watson?A) She turned out to be a great success. B) She got along pretty well with students.C) She was unwelcome to students at first. D) She was released online as an experiment.49. How did the students feel about Jill Watson?A) They thought she was a bit too artificial. B) They found her not as capable as expected.C) They could not but admire her knowledge. D) They could not tell her from a real person.50. What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson?A) Launch different versions of her online.B) Feed her with new questions and answers.C) Assign her to answer more of students’ questions.D) Encourage students to interact with her more freely.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Thinking small, being enga ging, and having a sense of humor don’t hurt. Those are a few of the traits of successful science crowdfunding efforts that emerge from a recent study that examined nearly 400 campaigns. But having a large network and some promotional skills may be more crucial.Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to building water-saving gadgets. Scientists have tried to tap Internet donors, too, with mixed success. Some raised more than twice their goal, but others have fallen short of reaching more modest targets.To determine what separates science crowdfunding triumphs from failures, a team led by science communications scholar Mike Schäfer of the University of Zurich in Switzerland examined the content of the WebPages for 371 recent campaigns.Four traits stood out for those that achieved their goals, the researchers report in Public Understanding of Science. For one, they use a crowdfunding platform that specializes in raising money for science, and not just any kind of project. Although sites like Kickstarter take all comers, platforms such as , , and only present scientific projects. For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success. Most of them engage with potential donors since projects that answered questions from interested donors and posted lab notes fared better. And they target a small amount of money. The projects included in the study raised $4000 on average, with 30% of projects receiving less than $1000. The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.Other factors may also significantly influence a project’s s uccess, m ost notably, the size of a scientist’s personal and professional networks, and how much a researcher promotes a project on his or her own. Those two factors are by far more critical than the content on the page. Crowdfunding can be part of researc hers’ efforts to reach the public, and people give because “they feel a connection to the person” who is doing the fundraising—not necessarily to the science.51. What do we learn about the scientists trying to raise money online for their projects?A) They did not raise much due to modest targets.B) They made use of mixed fundraising strategies.C) Not all of them achieved their anticipated goals.D) Most of them put movies online for the purpose.52. What is the purpose of Mike Schäfer’s research of recent crowdfunding campaigns?A) To create attractive content for science websites.B) To identify reasons for their different outcomes.C) To help scientists to launch innovative projects.D) To separate science projects from general ones.53. What trait contributes to the success of a crowdfunding campaign?A) The potential benefit to future generations. B) Its interaction with prospective donors.C) Its originality in addressing financial issues. D) The value of the proposed project.54. What did the researchers think of the financial targets of crowdfunding projects?A) They should be small to be successful. B) They should be based on actual needs.C) They should be assessed with great care. D) They should be ambitious to gain notice.55. What motivates people to donate in a crowdfunding campaign?A) The ease of access to the content of the webpage.B) Their desire to contribute to the cause of science.C) The significance and influence of the project itself.D) Their feeling of connection to the scientists themselves.Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。
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2019年12月大学英语四级仔细阅读习题及答案(3)
What has thetelephone done to us, or for us, in the hundred years of its existence? A feweffects suggest themselves at once. It has saved lives by getting rapid word ofillness, injury, or fire from remote places. By joining with the elevator tomake possible the multi-story residence or office building, it has madepossible for better or worse -- the modem city. By bringing about a great leapin the speed and ease with which information moves from place to place, it hasgreatly accelerated the rate of scientific and technological changes and growthin industry. Beyond doubt it has seriously weakened if not killed the ancientart of letter writing. It has made living alone possible for persons withnormal social impulses (冲动) ; by so doing, it has played a role in one of thegreatest social changes of this century, the breakup of the multi-generationalhousehold. It has made the war chillingly more efficient than
formerly.Perhaps, though not provably, it has prevented wars that might have arisen outof intemational misunderstanding caused by written communication. Or perhaps―again not provably―by magnifying (扩大) and extendingirrational personal conflicts based on voice contact, it has caused wars.Certainly it has extended the scope of human conflicts, since it impartially (不偏不倚) disseminates (传播)the useful knowledge of scientists andthe nonsense of the ignorant, the affection of the affectionate and the malice (恶意) of the malicious.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
A) Thetelephone has helped to save people from illness and fire.
B) Thetelephone has helped to prevent wars and conflicts.
C) Thetelephone has made the modern city neither better nor worse.
D) Thetelephone has had positive as well as negative effects on us.
2. According to the passage, it is the telephonethat
_______ .
A) has madeletter writing an art
B) hasprevented wars by avoiding written communication
C) has madethe world different from what it was
D) hascaused wars by magnifying and extending human conflicts
3. The telephone hasintensified conflicts among people because ______ .
A) itincreases the danger of war
B) itprovides services to both the good and the malicious
C) it makesdistant communication easier
D) it breaksup the multi-generational household
4. The author describes thetelephone as impartial because it _______ .
A) saveslives of people in remote places
B) enablespeople to live alone if they want to
C) spreadsboth love and ill will
D) replacesmuch written communication
5. The writer's attitudetowards the use of the telephone is _______
A) affectionate B)disapproving
C) approving D)neutral
1．D 本文主要讲了电话的发展对人类生活与活动所产生的正负两方面的影响。
2．C 本题问及电话的作用。
A项与原文意思相反，B、D两项虽然在文中提及，但仅仅是作者的猜测，还无法得到证实（not provably）。
3．B 本题问电话加深人们冲突的原因是什么。
设题区在本文后半部分。
真正的原因是，作为一种通讯工具，电话既可服务于好人，也可为坏人所利用，这样才使人们之间的冲突的加深成为可能。
C项并不是加深冲突的真正原因，因为电话的便捷虽然使加深冲突有可能，但同时也为救人性命提供了便利。
4．C 答案依据在本文最后一句。
该句的大意是，电话不偏不倚地传播着科学家的学问，无知者的胡言，仁者的善心，坏人的恶意。
只有C项与原文意思最贴近。
5．D 作者的态度显然是客观而中立的。
因为作者在文中对电话给人类带来的利弊都有所陈述。