非谓语动词被动形式
非谓语动词的三种形式及用法区别
非谓语动词的三种形式及用法区别一、非谓语动词的三种形式：1. 动词-ing形式：动词-ing形式具有动名词的功能，一般用来表示一个正在进行或发生的动作，以及被动含义，等。
比如：He was observed walking along the street. 他被观察到沿着街道走。
2. 动词不定式形式：动词不定式具有名词、形容词和动词的功能，常用来表示目的、动机、结果、条件、时间、让步等。
比如：To face the danger bravely is his duty. 勇敢的去面对危险是他的责任。
3. 动词的过去分词形式：动词的过去分词常用来表示完成或发生过的动作或状态，以及主句的谓语动词的被动的形式，常用结构有：Be + done/past participle (被动），Have/Get + done（完成）.比如：The machine is now ready to be used. 这台机器现在准备好被使用了。
二、非谓语动词的用法区别：1. 动词-ing形式：(1) 用作定语：形容词性短语作定语修饰名词或代词，如：He was aman working hard. 他是个努力工作的人。
(2) 用作表语：Ing 形式的短语作表语，表示一个正在进行的动作或状态，如：His job is repairing the machine. 他的工作是修理机器。
2. 动词不定式形式：(1) 作宾补：动词不定式作宾补表示“目的”，“动机”，“结果”，“条件”，“时间”，“让步”等。
如：He came here to do something for us. 他来这里为我们做一些事情。
(2) 作状语：动词不定式作状语，表示“目的”，“动机”，“条件”，“时间”，“让步”等。
如：She always goes out for a walk to relax herself. 她总是出去散步来放松自己。
非谓语动词的被动语态
child.
作宾语
She didn’t like to treat the boy as a
child.
作宾语
3. His dream was to be admitted to
a good university.
作表语
She doesn’t seem to like the idea.
4. There are a lot of problems to be
discussed.
作定语
We have a lot of problems to
discuss.
5. Parents greatly encourage their
children to join the club. 作宾补
The shopkeeper saw a thief slip into
It’s a pleasure being invited to the party.
作主语
Being offered such a good chance was
luck.
作主语
What I hate most is being looked down
upon.
作表语
Our task is cleaning the canteen.
3. That building being repaired is our library. 作定语
4. Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe.
作状语 5. Having been given such a good chance, how could she let it slip away? 作状语
非谓语动词讲解
I can‟t go out with these dishes to wash. She fell asleep with the light burning. He worked with the door closed. Don‟t stand with your hands in your pockets. She sleeps with the window open. With John away, we‟ve got more room. 不定式 分词（现在分词、过去分词）
3.当做定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的 承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态， 但含义不同 Do you have anything to send? (不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”) Do you have anything to be sent? (不定式to send的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”）
To study a foreign language, one needs practice.
独立主格结构 定义：非谓语结构带有自己的逻辑主语，在句子中作 状语。 特点：①…的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，独立存在 ②独立主格中的名词或代词与后面的分词、形容词、 副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓关系 ③独立主格结构后一般有逗号与句子分开。 构成：①名词（代词）+现分/过分 ②名词（代词）+形容词 ③名词（代词）+副词 ④名词（代词）+不定式⑤名词（代词）+介词短语 ⑥with/without+名词（代词）+宾补
非谓语动词分类
不定式 (to) do
非谓语动词
动名词 doing 分词 现在分词 doing
非谓语动词的各种形式
不定式不定式有六种形式：主动被动一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing完成式to have done to have been done完成进行式to have been doing不定式一般式的主动和被动，在句中除了谓语动词，能做其他一切成分。
主动表示不定式与逻辑主语间是逻辑主动关系；被动表示不定式与逻辑主语间是逻辑被动关系。
1.一般被动式：不定式的语态是由逻辑主语与不定式的关系决定的，被动关系就要用被动式。
在句中作与主动式一样的成分。
作定语时与所修饰的名词有逻辑主谓和逻辑解释这两种关系，主要是逻辑主谓关系He likes to be flattered（宾）他喜欢被人奉承。
You are lucky to be guided by Professor White （状）你们由怀特教授教授作指导，真幸运。
She asked to be sent to work in Tibet（宾）她要求去西藏工作He ordered the work to be started at once（宾补）他下令马上开始工作。
It might not be a bad idea for this word to be deleted（主）删去这个字，倒是一个不错的主意。
The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room（主补）这些书不许带到室外。
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next session（定）请告诉我下次会议要讨论的题目。
He seems to be taken to America（表语）他好像要被带去美国。
He had no chance to be sent aboard（定）他没机会被派往海外。
2.进行式：表示动作正在发生，与所在句子的谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。
非谓语动词被动形式
不定时的被动形式
I must ask to be excused She didn’t like to be treated as a child He begged to be forgiven
I’d like this room to be redecorated
He didn’t wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter
eg: ①He ought to be given a chance to try. ②Many problems have to be discussed at the meeting. ③This book is to be published next year. ④These difficulties are sure to be overcome.
His dream was to be admitted to a good university.
Her ambition was to be made a cinema actress.
He hated being langhed at
She couldn’t bear being treated like that
定语
Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t very well refuse.
Being protected by a thick wall, they felt quite safe.
Being well looked after, the baby was in perfect health.
It’s an honour to be invited to the ceremony.
高中英语非谓语动词被动结构小结
高中英语非谓语动词被动结构小结非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词，其中不定式、动名词、现在分词表示主动意义。
当这三类非谓语动词的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时，要使用相应的被动结构。
下面结合高考试题总结一下非谓语动词被动结构的用法：一、不定式的被动形式当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时，这时不定式要用被动形式。
【考例】I feel greatly honored into their society. (2008北京卷)A. to welcomeB. welcomingC. to be welcomedD. welcomed解析：C。
feel honored后面要求接不定式，句子的主语与welcome存在着逻辑上的被动关系，故用不定式的被动结构。
【考例】The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle .(2007浙江卷)A. to be heardB. to have heardC. hearingD. being heard解析：A。
struggle后面要求接不定式，I与hear存在着被动关系，故用被动结构。
【考例】When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a s pace flight. (2007江西卷)A. trainingB. being trainedC. to have trainedD. to be trained解析：D。
空白处应为目的状语，要求用不定式，he与train存在着逻辑上的被动关系，故选D。
【考例】He hurried to the booking office only that all the tickets had b een sold out.(2006陕西卷)A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told解析：B。
非谓语动词-基本形式及例句
状语：不定式、现在分词、过去分词 不定式只做目的状语和意外结果状语 目的状语，可位于句首和句末；
I hurried to the station only to find that the train
had lefபைடு நூலகம்.
only to be told
做意外结果状语只能位于句末
非谓语动词作状语是状语从句的省略 If I’m not tired from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. If not tired from work, I will------. When you are crossing the street, you should be careful. When crossing the street, you should ------. Because the postman were bitten twice, he refused to deliver our letters unless we chainded our dog. Bitten twice, the postman refused to -----. After he had been told many times, he finally understood it. Having been told many times, he finally ------.
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city and killed all four people on board. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on board.
非谓语动词的主动与被动形式
非谓语动词的主动与被动形式非谓语动词是指不具备时态和人称语态的动词形式，包括不定式、动名词和分词。
其中，不定式的主动形式为"to + 动词原形"，被动形式为"to be + 动词过去分词"，动名词的主动形式为"动词原形 + -ing"，被动形式为"being + 动词过去分词"，分词的主动形式为"动词过去分词"，被动形式为"动词过去分词 + being"。
非谓语动词的主动形式可以表示主动的意义，强调动作的执行者和动作本身，常用于主动语态的句子中。
而被动形式则强调动作的承受者和动作的结果，常用于被动语态的句子中。
一、不定式的主动与被动形式不定式是最常见的非谓语动词形式之一，它通常由"to + 动词原形"构成，表示目的、愿望、感觉、建议、能力等含义。
其主动形式为"to+ 动词原形"，被动形式为"to be + 动词过去分词"。
例如：- 主动形式：I want to learn English.（我想学英语。
）- 被动形式：I need to be taught by a professional teacher.（我需要由专业的教师来教。
）二、动名词的主动与被动形式动名词是以"-ing"结尾的动词形式，它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
其主动形式为"动词原形 + -ing"，被动形式为"being + 动词过去分词"。
例如：- 主动形式：Playing basketball is my favorite hobby.（打篮球是我最喜欢的爱好。
）- 被动形式：Being praised by the teacher made him happy.（被老师表扬使他很开心。
非谓语动词用法对比讲解 整理版 学生
非谓语动词用法对比讲解一、不定式与动名词做主语：1、动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。
例如：Collecting information ab out children’s health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。
It’s necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。
2、常用不定式做主语的句型有：（1）It’s difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do（2）It’s kind (good, friendly, polite, carele ss, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do.3、常用动名词做主语的句型有：It’s no good (use, fun) doing.It’s (a) waste of time one’s doing.It’s worth while doing.二、不定式、动名词、分词做表语：1、不定式做表语常表示谓语动词所表示动作之后发生的动作。
His teaching aim of this class is to train the s tudents’ speaking ability. 他这节课的教学目的是要训练学生说的能力。
2、动名词做表语是对主语内容的解释，这时主语与表语位置可以互换，动名词常用于口语中。
Its full-time job is laying eggs. 它的（指蚁后）的专职工作是产卵。
3、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征；进行时表示正在进行的动作。
The task of this class is practising the idioms. （现在分词做表语）With the help of the teacher, the students are practising the idioms. （现在进行时）4、常用作表语的现在分词有：interesting, amusing, disappointing, missing, puzzling, exciting, inspiring, following等。
being done 是非谓语动词 doing 的被动形式
being done 是非谓语动词doing 的被动形式。
eg：He came to the party without being invited.done是非谓语动词。
叫过去分词。
表示动作时已完成的，或者表示与逻辑主语之间是被动关系。
eg: 已完成：with all the work done, he went to home.被动：Given more time, I can do it better.为您推荐：按默认排序|按时间排序其他4条回答2012-07-10 14:00smx7698 |二级being done 是被动态，表示正在被做，进行时done 是完成时态，表示已经完成虽然两者都包含done，但是存在本质区别，是未完成和完成的区别评论(1)|242分享2012-07-10 13:59歩泣|二级done是完成时，一般都是主动的，being done 是被动状态下的评论(3)|612分享2012-07-10 13:58sun09723 |六级过去时态中的主动与被动评论|80分享举报| 2012-07-10 14:00shirleyjammyli |四级being done 正在被做，done已经做好了being done和done分别都在什么时候用，它们的区别是什么？悬赏分:0being done和done分别都在什么时候用，它们的区别是什么？我来回答提问时间：2010-06-09 13:40:53提问者：zhongwufan [大学生] 其它答案借助于一道典型例题帮助你理解：The first textbook______for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having writtenB.to be writtenC.being writtenD.written>>>>答：选D>>解析：textbook与write之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系，表被动，由此可以排除A; >>to be done, being done 与done这三种结构是分词作定语的一个常考点和难点，他们有着一个共同点：此动词与被修饰词之间存在动宾关系，即表被动。
英语非谓语
非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do2、动词的ing : doing3、动词的过去分词：done。
其中不定式表示目的和将来;动词的ing表示主动和进行；过去分词表示被动和完成。
非谓语动词三种形式在句中充当不同的成分，表达不同的意义，具体如下表：非谓语动词的时态和语态：一般式：不定式：主动to do ，被动to be done ; ing 形式：主动doing ，被动being done ;过去分词：被动done完成式：不定式：主动to have done ，被动to have been done;ing 形式：主动having done，被动having been done进行式：不定式to be doing1、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，（to）+ do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
否定式：not + (to) do 如：(1)作主语：动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。
It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。
常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do。
2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。
(2)作表语：动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别。
如：Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。
(3)作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next?(4)作宾语补足语：在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want,wish,ask,tell,order,beg,permit,help,advise,persuade,allow,prepare,cause,force,call on,wait for,invite.此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：With a lot of work to do,he didn't go to the cinema．他有很多工作要做，所以没去电影院。
非谓语动词被动语态归纳与练习
非谓语动词被动语态归纳与练习非谓语动词被动语态归纳与练习当不定式或动词的-ing形式与其逻辑主语之间构成被动关系时，要用其用被动式。
其形式归纳如下：不定式To be done To have been done动词-ing形式Being done Having been done对非谓语动词被动语态的考查在高考中也是较常见的。
例1：Little Jim should love ________ to the theatre this evening. （92全国）A. to be takenB. to takeC. being takenD. taking【分析】答案选A。
句子主语Little Jim与take是被动关系，“被带去看戏”发生在“想(should love=want)”后，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语。
例2：After he became conscious, he remembered _______ and ________ on the head with a rod. 【06江西】A. to attack; hitB. to be attacked; to be hitC. attacking; be hitD. having been attacked; hit【分析】特殊情况：“remember”接动名词的一般式或完成式均表示“记得已经发生过的事”，句子的主语he与并列的attack，hit是被动关系，答案应选D。
例3：At the beginning of the class,the noise of desks_____could be heard outside the classrooms.（07全国II）A. opened and closedB. to be opened and closedB. being opened and closed D. to open and close【分析】动词-ing形式的被动语态为“being done”。
(完整版)非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形
非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形一、复习各种时态的被动语态★被动语态的基本结构: be+ done（以the book , publish 为例）一般现在/过去时：The book is/ was published.一般/过去将来时:The book will/would be published.The book is/was going to be published.现在/过去进行时：The book is/was being published.现在/过去完成时:The book has/had been published.情态动词：The book can/could/may/might…be published.1）一般式：（not/never ）to be done2）完成式：（not/ never）to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）三、▲通常在believe, suppose, say, report等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换.如:They say that Mike is sick in bed.=It is said that Mike is sick in bed.=Mike is said to be sick in bed.据说麦克卧床不起.People believe that he was killed.=It is believed that he was killed.=He is believed to have been killed.大家相信他被杀了.四、当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般要采用被动形式(to be done).语法功能：1．作主语：It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.2．作宾语：She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang.3．构成复合宾语：He wanted the letter to be typed at once.She didn’t like herself to be praised like that.4．构成复合谓语：The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room.5．作定语：Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers’ office?6．作状语：She was too young to be assigned such work.五、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式to have been done（表示该动作是发生在主句之前的一个被动动作），在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：It is a good thing for him to have been criticized.（主语）She preferred to have been given heavier work to do. (宾语)）He thought it an honour to have been invited to the party. （复合宾语）The book is said to have been translated into many languages. （复合谓语）She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post. （定语）六、不定式的主动形式表示被动1．There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被动式来修饰主语，区别不大。
非谓语动词的被动和完成形式
非谓语动词的被动和完成形式非谓语动词是指动词的一种特殊形式，不具备时态和人称，常用于句子中作主语、宾语、状语等成分。
在非谓语动词的使用中，被动和完成形式是我们需要重点关注的两个方面。
本文将探讨非谓语动词的被动和完成形式的用法和特点。
一、非谓语动词的被动形式被动形式是指动作的接受者成为句子的主语。
在非谓语动词中，主要有不定式的被动形式和现在分词的被动形式。
1. 不定式的被动形式不定式的被动形式由"to be + 过去分词"构成，表示被动的动作或状态。
例如：- The book is to be read by all students.（这本书将被所有学生阅读。
）- The car needs to be repaired.（这辆车需要修理。
）2. 现在分词的被动形式现在分词的被动形式由"being + 过去分词"构成，表示正在进行的被动动作。
例如：- Many people were amazed at the fate of the lost city, being discovered after centuries.（许多人对这个丢失了几个世纪的城市的命运感到惊讶，它最终被发现了。
）- The girl walked home, her hand being held by her father.（那个女孩走回家，她的手被父亲牵着。
）二、非谓语动词的完成形式完成形式是指动作已经完成或发生在谓语动词之前。
在非谓语动词中，主要有不定式的完成形式和现在分词的完成形式。
1. 不定式的完成形式不定式的完成形式由"to have + 过去分词"构成，表示动作在谓语动词之前已经完成。
例如：- He seems to have forgotten about the meeting.（他似乎忘记了会议。
）- I am glad to have met you.（很高兴见到你。
非谓语动词being done的用法
非谓语动词being done的用法非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念，它包括动词的不定式、现在分词和过去分词等形式。
其中，being done是现在分词的被动语态形式，常用于被动句中，表示正在被做的动作。
本文将详细介绍being done的用法。
一、being done的构成being done由现在分词being和过去分词done构成，其中being 表示进行中的状态，done表示已经完成的状态。
being done的被动语态形式可以用于各种时态和语态，如：1. 现在进行时被动语态：am/is/are being done例如：The project is being done by our team.我们的团队正在完成这个项目。
2. 过去进行时被动语态：was/were being done例如：The house was being painted when we arrived.我们到达时，房子正在被粉刷。
3. 现在完成时被动语态：have/has been being done例如：The report has been being done for two weeks.这份报告已经做了两个星期了。
4. 过去完成时被动语态：had been being done例如：The work had been being done before the deadline.这项工作在截止日期之前已经完成了。
二、being done的用法1. 表示正在被做的动作being done常用于被动句中，表示正在被做的动作，通常与主语连用。
例如：The dishes are being washed by my sister.我的姐姐正在洗碗。
2. 表示被动语态的延续being done还可以表示被动语态的延续，即动作正在进行中，与现在进行时连用。
例如：The house is being built by a team of workers.这座房子正在由一支工人队伍建造。
非谓语动词的 9 种形式
非谓语动词 17done -ing to do 被动主动被动主动完成式一般式to do doing doneto be done being done to have done have done to have been donehaving been done having be done have done have been done51被动之前having been done主动之前having done 被动同时being done 主动同时(基本同时)doing (和主语)主被动(与谓语比)时间先后-ing 作状语★必背使役动词make,、let 、have+do(省略了感官动词see/ watch/hear/feel1： +do(一般现在和一般过去，不强调正在进行都可用)I saw the boys fight with each other yesterday.PS: 被动态时需要还原“to ”The boys were seen to fight with each other yesterday.2: +doing （强调正在进行）The girl reported seeing a beautiful bird flying toward the window. 14非谓语动词题目三步走：⏹是否已存在另一个动作（不管前面还是后面）⏹主被动关系⏹时间先后顺序◆习题 ◆⏹S he reached the top of the hill andstopped on a big rock to see the rising sun.A. to have restedB. restingC. to restD. rest⏹Y ou were brave enough to raiseobjections at the meeting.Well, now I regret _ that.A. to doB. to be doingC. to have doneD. having done⏹T hey knew her very well. They hadseen her _ up from childhood.A. growB. grewC. was growingD. to grow⏹I’ve heard him _ about you often.A. talkedB. talksC. talkD. to talk⏹I f you think that treating a womanwell means always _ her permission for things,think again. (06湖南) A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting⏹H e walked down the hills, _ softly tohimself。
非谓语的被动和动词过去式
非谓语的被动和动词过去式一、非谓语的被动形式非谓语的被动形式是指动词不作谓语，而是作主语、宾语或定语，并且表示动作的承受者。
非谓语的被动形式有两种：不定式的被动形式和现在分词的被动形式。
1. 不定式的被动形式不定式的被动形式由"be"动词的过去分词形式加上不定式符号"to"构成。
例如：to be done。
不定式的被动形式常用于表示被动的意义，通常用来表达目的、原因、结果等。
例如：- He has a lot of work to be done.（他有很多工作需要完成。
）- I have some books to be read.（我有一些书需要阅读。
）- The problem remains to be solved.（这个问题仍然待解决。
）2. 现在分词的被动形式现在分词的被动形式由动词的现在分词形式加上助动词"being"构成。
例如：being done。
现在分词的被动形式常用于表示正在进行的被动动作，通常用来修饰名词或代词。
例如：- The girl being chased is my sister.（被追赶的女孩是我妹妹。
）- I saw a man being arrested by the police.（我看到一名男子被警察逮捕。
）- The building being constructed will be a shopping mall.（正在建造的建筑将成为一个购物中心。
）二、动词过去式动词过去式是表示过去时间的动词形式。
一般情况下，动词过去式由动词原形加上-ed构成，但也有一些不规则动词需要特殊记忆。
动词过去式常用于表示过去发生的动作或状态。
例如：- Yesterday, I watched a movie with my friends.（昨天，我和朋友们一起看电影。
）- She cooked a delicious dinner for us last night.（昨晚，她给我们做了一顿美味的晚餐。
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被动 being done having been done
not doing /being done, not having (been)done
Do you know the man talking with our teacher? The bridge being built now will be completed soon. Having done his homework ,he went out to play. Not having been heard from for over a month, Tom went back hometown again.
3.The book is very____ and I find him ____ in it C A. interesting; interesting B. interested. Interested C. interesting; interested D. interested; interesting
• ⑦用作状语。如： to be awarded • The actor is going onto the stage___________. 演员要上台领奖。 to be given • She was not old enough ____________ such heavy work.她年龄还小，不宜让她干这么重的 活。 • It was a good thing for him to have been criticized ________________. 他受到批评是件好事。（表示已经发生的被动动 作）
Girls should learn how to avoid being hurt. I can’t help crying. I look forward to seeing my family again.
v-ing的形式 ing的形式
语态 时态 一般式 完成式
否定式
主动 doing having done
• • • • • • • • • •
②用作某些动词的宾语。如： to be sent to work He asked ________________in Tibet. 他请求派他到西藏去工作。 to be flattered He hated ___________. 他讨厌别人对他阿谀奉承。 ③用作表语。如： What I want is to be left alone ______________. 我只想一个人呆在这里。 to be done The question is what is ________ next. 问题是下一步该干什么。
• ⑥用作名词的后置定语。如： • Are you going to the banquet to be given ___________ at the embassy? • 你打算去参加大使馆的宴会吗？ • It will be the first such project _____________ to be designed by Chinese engineers. • 这将是中国工程师设计的第一项这种类型的工程。
（1）动词不定式的被动式 ①用作句子的真正主语。如： It is an honour ___________________________. for me to be asked to speak here 我很荣幸应邀在这里讲话。 It is necessary for us to be constantly reminded of _________________________ our shortcomings. 经常有人提醒我们自身的缺点是有必要的。
C 4 .Tom apologized for_______me of the change of the plan. A.his being not told B. him not to tell
C. his not telling D.him to tell B 5 ._________for a long time, the mother worried a great deal. A.Having not heard from her son B.Not having heard from her son C.Not hearing from her son D.Not heard from her son B 6 .___________, she wants to go there for holiday. A.Having never been to Kunming B.Never having been to Kunming C.Having been to Kunming D.Having not been to Kunming
Practice
C 1. People drink ____ water, but nobody drinks____ water. A. boiling; boiling B. boiling; boiled C. boiled; boiling D. boiled; boiled D 2. The traveler ____ there ____ at the sun rising. A. stands; look B. stand; and look C. standing; to look D. standing; looked
•②用作动词宾语或介词宾语。如： being left at home He didn’t mind________________.他不介意把他留 在家里。 •She couldn’t bear _______________like that.她不 being made fun of 能容忍别人如此嘲笑她。 •We congratulated him on his being admitted to ________________the Party.我们祝贺他入党了。 •They insisted on __________________ordinary their being treated as workers.他们坚持要大家把他们当作普通工人看待。 having ever been given •I don’t remember ____________________a chance to try this method.我不记得谁曾给过我试验 这种方法的机会。
O.c.
S
subject
O
P
A
Adv
object Predicative Attribute Adverbial Object complement
Admit, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, mind ,miss, practise, suggest, understand, feel like, give up, can’t help, look forward to
动名词的被动式 ①用作句子的主语。如： His being neglected _________________by the host added to his uneasiness.主人对他的冷漠使他更加不舒服。 being killed • So __________by sharks was a common occurrence.因此被鲨鱼吃掉是经常发生的事。 • • •
Grammar: the Nonfinite verbs
1. The Infinitive 2 .The V-ing 3. The Past Participle
the function of the underlined words:
Doing homework is a must. subject I enjoy writing letters. object Subject, predicatiቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱe Seeing is believing. The boy standing there is my brother. Attribute Adverbial Hearing the noise, we rushed out of the room. I heard the boy crying. Object complement
• ③构成独立主格结构作状语。如： having been lost • The key_______________, she couldn’t enter her room. • 由于钥匙丢了，所以她进不了屋. having been made • The decision________________, the next problem was how to make a good plan. • 决定作出后，下一个问题就是如何制定一个好计 划
•④用作宾语补足语。如： to be typed •He wanted the paper____________ at once.他要 求立刻把文件打出来。 to be so well received •They didn’t expect the book_________________. 他们没有想到这本书受到读者如此的厚爱。 •⑤用作主语补足语。如： •The book are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room •______________________________.这些书不许 带出阅览室。 to be announced •The date is expected _______________before long.估计具体日期不久就会公布于众的。
•(3)现在分词的被动式 ①作名词的后置定语，表示当时正在进行的被动动 作 being repaired The building ______________is our library.现在 正在修维的那座楼房是我们的图书馆。 This is one of the experiments being carried out _____________in our laboratory.这是我们实验室里正在进行的实验。 ②用作宾语补足语，表示当时正在进行的被动动作 You’ll find the topic______________ everywhere. being discussed 你会发现到处都在议论这个话题。 As we approached the village, we saw new houses_____________. …正在盖新房 being built