医学专业英语翻译牙齿

学号：201209072108 班级：口腔二班姓名：陆小凯

Oral cavity Dentists use special terms to describe the surfaces of teeth. The labial surface(labi/o means “lip”), for incisor and canine teeth, is nearest the lips. The buccal surface(bucc/o means cheek), for premolar and molar teeth, lies adjacent to cheek, as illustrated in Figure 5-2. Dentists refer to both the labial and the buccal surfaces as the facial surface(faci/o means face). Opposite to the facial surface, all teeth have a lingual surface(lingu/o means tongue). The mesial surface of a tooth lies nearest to the median line and the distal surface, farthest from the medialline. Premolars and molars have an additional occlusal surface that comes in contact with a corresponding tooth in the oppsing arch. The incisors and canines have a sharp incisal edge.

Figure 5-3 shows the inner anatomy of a tooth. label it as you read the following description: A tooth consists of a crown, which shows above the gumline, and a root, which lies within the bony tooth socket. The outermost protective layer of the crown, the enamel, protects the tooth. Enamel is a dense, hard, white substance-the hardest substance in the body. Dentin, the main substance of the tooth, lies beneath the enamel and extends throughout the crown. Yellow in color, dentin is composed of bony tissue that is softer than enamel. The cementum covers, protects, and supports the dentin in the root. A periodontal membrane surrounds the cementum and holds the tooth in place in the tooth socket. The pulp lies underneath the dentin. This soft and delicate tissue fills the center of the tooth. Blood vessels, nerve endings, connective tissue, and lymphatic vessels are within the pulp canal. Root canal therapy is often necessary when disease or abscess occurs in the pulp canal. A dentist opens the tooth fromabove and cleans the canal of infection, nerves, and blood vessels. The canal is then disinfected and filled with material to prevent the entrance of microorganisms and decay. Three pairs of salivary glands surround the oral cavity. These exocrine glands produce saliva that contains important digestive enzymes. Saaliva is released from the parotid gland, submandibular gland, and sublingual gland on each side of the mouth. Narrow ducts carry saliva into the oral cavity.

口腔牙医使用特殊的术语来描述牙齿表面。唇面（labi的意思是嘴唇）是指前牙最接近嘴唇的一面。颊面（bucc/ O是指面颊）对于前磨牙和磨牙是位于毗陵的面颊，如图5 - 2所示。牙医把唇和颊面称为面部表面(faci / o意思是脸)。牙医把唇和颊面称为面部表面(faci / o意味着脸)。和面部表面相反一面,所有的牙齿都有舌表面(lingu / o意味着舌头)。牙齿的近中面位于最靠近中线和远侧面，离medialline最远。前磨牙和磨牙咬合额外的表面与反向拱相应的颌面接触。切牙和尖牙有锋利的切缘。

图5 - 3显示了牙齿的内部解剖。下面是你要阅读的标签描述:牙齿是由牙龈表面的牙冠和埋在牙槽骨中的牙根组成。最外层是保护牙冠