(完整版)非谓语动词讲解(超全超实用).docx
非谓语动词用法精讲(完整版)
表按计划要做的事情.
4.不定式作定语
不定式作定语通常放在其修饰的名词、代词之后， 与被修饰的名词或代词之间是主谓关系、动宾关系、 同位关系或修饰关系。 1 主谓关系 The future to greet us will be bright. 我们的未来会十分美好的。 The next train to arrive was from New York. 下一列到站的火车是从纽约开来的。
4 修饰关系 Now it is time to begin our class. 现在是上课的时间了。
注意： ①、不定式作定语要考虑与主语的关系，主语是不定 式的逻辑主语，不定式要用主动式；反之用被动式。 He has many things to do . He wants his bike to be repaired right now.
非谓语动词的句法功能
语法特征：在句子中充当谓语以外的各种句子成分的动 词叫非谓语动词，包括不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词和过 去分词），他们没有人称和数的变化，但保留动词的某些特征： 有时态和语态的变化，有否定式，可以带宾语、状语和补语； 又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可充当主语、宾 语、表语、定语和状语等成分。
如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁 做的，可以在不定式前加一个由for 引起 的短语。 It is easy for the students to read. It will be a mistake for us to help you.
It is + 形容词 + for / of sb + 不定式结构 在“It is + 形容词 + of sb + 不定式”结构中， 形容词往往表示人物的性格和特征，
完整版非谓语动词知识点总结精选全文完整版
精选全文完整版非谓语动词就是不能作句子谓语而具有其他语法功能的动词。
表语：主语/ 不定式和ing分词均能作主语，二者有何区别？表示某一具体的动作时，多用不定式；表示比较抽象的一般行为倾向的，多 1.用动名词。
作形式主2.动名词作主语时通常位于句首；不定式作主语时常置于句末，用it语放在句首。
1) Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.2) It is not very good for you to smoke so much.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.若主语和表语都是非谓语动词, 应保持形式上的一致。
宾语：1. 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：帮……manage, promise, pretend, plan, offer, agree, ask, dare, choose, fail, help(want(想要) , refuse等。
助)，决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。
2. 有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如：practise, appreciate, dislike, excuse, forgive, keep, resist, risk, deny, advise,fancy, ……complete, forbid, permit, allow, stand, refer to, give up, lead to, take to, set about, getdown to, object to, succeed in, have difficulty in... 考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。
禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。
分后既可以跟不定式又可以跟ing3.有些动词如begin, start; love, like, hate, prefer 不定式表示具分词一般表示经常性的行为；词作宾语，意义上无多大区别(但ing。
非谓语动词用法精讲(完整版)-(共133张)
● ② 动词-ing形式的完成式一般只用来作状语， 不作定语。两个分词所表示的时间有先后，不 用分词作定语表示先时性。 【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 被地 震毁坏的庙宇很快就要重建了。
A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid
④. The repairs cost a lot ,but it’s money well ________. A．to spend B．Spent C．being spent D．Spending
4、分词作状语
B. hanging
C. hangs
D. being hung
②．Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
Do you know anyone having lost a cat? × Do you know anyone who has lost a cat? √
c. 不定式作定语，指将来的时间，与被修饰词 形成主谓、动宾、同位关系或修饰关系。
The next train to arrive was from New York. This is the material ___ in the lab tomorrow.
英语-非谓语动词-用法-讲解-知识点总结-完整版-最全-归纳-专项精选全文完整版
精选全文完整版非谓语动词定义不做句子的谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
分为三种：不定式（Infinitive），分词（Participles），动名词（Gerund）。
一、非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别谓语动词的作用明确而单一，非谓语动词的作用丰富：1．非谓语动词作名词词性（不定式和动名词）Your duty is to look after the children. 你的工作是照看好孩子。
Complaining is no use. 抱怨是没有用的。
2. 非谓语动词做形容词词性（分词、不定式和动名词）The vase is broken. 那个花瓶破了。
He is a nice person to work with. 他是一个很好共事的人。
We found the story amusing. 我们发现这个故事很有意思。
3. 非谓语动词做副词词性（不定式和分词）They are working hard to win still greater victory. 他们在努力工作争取更大的胜利。
The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二、非谓语动词的用法A 不定式(to do)在非谓语动词中，不定式的用法最广泛。
它在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和主语补足语或宾语补足语。
也就是说，不定式可以充当除谓语以外的所有成分。
1. 做主语To say something is one thing, to do it is another. 说是一码事，干是另一码事。
* 注：形式主语it，当不定式做主语时，特别是当主语较长而谓语较短时，常用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在谓语的后面。
此种用法在日常英语中尤为常见。
It is not fair to blame them for the accident. 把这次事故归咎于他们是不公平的。
(完整版)动词的非谓语动词形式讲解
动词的非谓语形式：动词不做谓语时的固定形式。
(1)动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词三种形式；其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
它们在句子中不能单独作谓语。
(2)动词不定式：①形式：动词不定式基本形式由“不定式记号to+动词原形”构成。
它的否定形式只要在“to”前面加上“not”。
它的疑问形式是：“wh-疑问词+to+动词原形”。
*它的被动形式：“to be +过去分词”。
*它的完成形式：“to have +过去分词”。
②动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,即可以在句子中作主语、宾语、定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
但不定式也保留动词的某些特征,即不定式后面可以跟宾语、表语和状语。
动词不定式加上相关成分就构成不定式短语。
③动词不定式可以放在谓语前句子作主语。
但是通常将作主语的动词不定式或不定式短语放在谓语后面,而在主语位置用“it”作形式主语(有时在不定式的前面还会用for sb.表示不定式的逻辑主语)。
如：To help animals is helping people.(帮助动物就是帮助人)/ It is very difficult (for us) to learn Chinese well.((对于我们而言)学好汉语是非常的困难)/ It took me half an hour to work out this problem.(解出这道题花了我一个小时的时间)④动词不定式可以作谓语动词(及物动词)的宾语。
to have a rest began to search the room for the thief.(他们开始在屋子里搜寻小偷)/ He liked to have a swimin the pool near his house.(他喜爱在靠家的水塘里面游泳)/ When did you learn tospeak English?(你什么时候开始学英语的？)/ Don’t forget to close the door whenyou leave.(你离开时别忘了关门[比较] He forgot to turn off the light.(他忘了关灯.) (没关)/ He forgot turning off the light.(他忘记关过灯.)(关了) /Please remember to ring me up.(记得给我打电话.)(还没打电话) / I remember calling you yesterday but you forgot.(我记得昨天给你打电话了,但是你忘记了.)(打过电话)He does not know which one to take./ Tell me how to get to the station.(告诉我怎么样去火车站)/ She asked me what to do for today’s homework.(她问我今天家庭作业做什么)/ Can you teach me how to search the internet?(你能教我怎样上网吗？)[C] 不定式作宾语而后面又有宾语补足语时,通常用it代替作形式宾语,而不定式则后置。
超详细非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)定义在句子中不是谓语的动词，形式：不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）作用：在句子中充当主语、宾语、状语等。
特点：1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。
4.谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
5.英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
与谓语动词的关系相同点（1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如： They built a garden. They suggested building a garden.（2）都可以被状语修饰： The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well.（3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。
例如：He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态） He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式） We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时） Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）（4）都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语） The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语） We being League member, the work was well done. （现在分词的逻辑主语）不定式一、形式功能：动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
(完整word版)非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词【知识要点】定义：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
分类：非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
无论它们在句中作什么成分，他们都保持着自己本身的属性特点。
动词不定式：表将来、具体某一次，常在句中可以作: 主语，宾语，定语，状语，补语，表语；动名词：具有名词功能，常在句中可以作：主语，宾语，表语；作定语时表功能；现在分词：表主动和正在进行, 常在句中可以作: 定语，状语，表语，宾补；过去分词：表被动和已完成，常在句中可以作: 定语，状语，补语。
一、动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。
不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。
不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和补语，但不能单独作谓语。
2. 不定式的句法功能1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard.在十分钟内完成这项工作很难。
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，例如上面一句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.2）作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。
3）作宾语：V.+ to do sth.常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer，afford，ask，decide，expect，intend，等。
非谓语动词讲解(超全
非谓语动词讲解(超全非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式，包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词。
与主谓结构不同，非谓语动词可在句子中作状语、定语或表语。
在英语中，非谓语动词的形式是相对固定的，但在不同的语法环境中所表示的意义和用法有所差异。
1. 动词不定式（to-infinitive）动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如：- 宾语：I want to go to the zoo.（我想去动物园。
）- 主语：To speak English fluently is important for your career.（流利地说英语对你的事业很重要。
）- 状语：He went to the store to buy some groceries.（他去商店买了些杂货。
）- 定语：She needs a pen to write her essay.（她需要一支笔来写作文。
）2. 动名词（gerund）动名词是将动词加上-ing构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如：- 宾语：I enjoy reading books in my spare time.（我闲暇时喜欢读书。
）- 主语：Swimming is good exercise.（游泳是很好的锻炼。
）- 状语：She left the party early, feeling tired.（她因为感觉累了，所以提前离开了聚会。
）- 定语：The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.（哭闹的婴儿把整个邻居都吵醒了。
）3. 现在分词（present participle）现在分词由动词原形加上-ing构成，常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如：- 宾语：He enjoys playing soccer on weekends.（他喜欢周末踢足球。
）- 主语：Listening to music helps me relax.（听音乐帮助我放松。
非谓语动词讲解史上最全
非谓语动词讲解史上最全非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式，它们在句子中通常不具备时态和人称的变化。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
一、不定式（Infinitive）不定式由to加动词原形构成，具有动词和名词的双重特征。
不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语：To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your career.学习一门外语对你的事业有益。
2. 作宾语：I want to visit my grandparents this weekend.我想这周末去看望我的祖父母。
3. 作表语：His dream is to become a famous writer.他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。
4. 作定语：She has many books to read.她有很多书要读。
5. 作状语：He came to help us.他来帮助我们。
二、动名词（Gerund）动名词由动词原形加-ing构成，具有动词和名词的双重特征。
动名词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语：Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
2. 作宾语：I enjoy reading novels in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读小说。
3. 作表语：Her hobby is singing.她的爱好是唱歌。
4. 作定语：The running water is clear.流动的水很清澈。
5. 作状语：She went shopping after finishing her homework.她在完成作业后去购物。
三、现在分词（Present Participle）现在分词由动词原形加-ing构成，具有动词和形容词的双重特征。
现在分词在句子中可以充当定语、表语、状语等成分。
非谓语动词讲解(超全超实用)(可编辑修改word版)
非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词: a.动词不定式b. v-ing c. 过去分词概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。
不定式的形式有五种：1.一般式to do I like to read English.2.进行式to be doing He seemed to be reading something at that time.3.完成式to have done He seemed to have cleaned the room.4.被动式to be done The work is to be done soon.5.完成被动式to have been doneThe boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.疑问词+动词不定式What, who, which, where, when, how, why 等疑问词构成不定式短语，这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。
二. 动词不定式的用法I.作主语(1)不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。
To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault.(2)注：常用 it 做形式主语，将 to do 位于之后，使句子保持平衡。
句型 1：It + 谓语 +(+sb.)+时间/金钱+ to doIt takes us an hour _to get there by bus.It costs you only $ 100 a month to cook at home.It seemed impossible to save money.句型 2：It’s + n. (+ for sb) + to doIt’s our duty _t o_h e l p the poor.It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the countryside..It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.句型 3：It is + adj （+ for sb） to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）It is + adj （+ of sb） to do sth（是形容人的品质的）It is easy for me t o f i n i s h this work before ten.It is very kind of you t o g i v e me some help.It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.疑问词+不定式作主语When to start remains undecided.1.It is easy to get there by bus or taxi.2.It takes about 3 hours to see all the birds.3.It is also impolite to speak with your mouth full when you are eating.4.It’s our duty to take good care of the old.5.How long did it take you to finish the work?6.It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.7.When to start has not been decided.8.It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.9.It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.10.It is useful for our health to do morning exercises.II.作宾语接不定式做宾语 I want to know this matter.I don’t expect to meet you here(1)常见动词有：like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, fail, manage, learn, seem, forget, want, prepare, pretend, plan, wish 等They want to get_( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?He said he wishedt o b e(b e)a p r o f e ss o r.(2)it 作形式宾语I find/feel to work with him interesting ．I find/feel it interesting to work with him．Subject+ find/think/feel/make/ consider… it+adj/n + to do sth.1.We thought _it better to_ start early.2.Do you consider _it better not _to_ go?3. I feel _it_ my duty _to_ change all that.4.We think it important _ to _ obey the law.5.I know _ it _ impossible _ to _ finish so much homework in a day.(3)疑问词+不定式作宾语常常放在这些动词的后面作宾语：tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain…He taught us how to use the tool.No one could tell me where to get the book.The dictionary didn’t tell the Frenchman how to pronounce the word.(4)作介词 but, except, besides 的宾语。
(完整版)非谓语动词语法讲解
非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done二、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如：________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为，用动名词作主语，选 Bb. 不定式作主语时，常用it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s usel ess doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。
(完整版word)非谓语动词形式讲解附解析
（完整版word）非谓语动词形式讲解附解析一、非谓语动词1．It is wise ______Linda to make up her mind _______to play an instrument.A. for; learningB. for; to learnC. of; learningD. of; to learn【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意：琳达下决心学弹乐器是明智的。
由句子结构可知，不定式作真正的主语，放在句末，用it作形式主语。
要用固定句型：It's + adj +for/of sb to do sth.前面的形容词来描述不定式时，要用介词for；形容词说明人时，要用介词of。
这里的形容词wise是形容人的性格特征的，要用It's + adj +of sb to do sth.，故选D。
【点评】考查固定句型It's + adj +for/of sb to do sth.的用法区别。
根据形容词的属性，选择正确的介词。
2．We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.A. not leaveB. not to leaveC. leaveD. to leave【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:为了使孩子远离危险，我们建议父母不要单独把孩子留在家里。
advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事，动词不定式的否定形式就是在to前面加not故advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事。
结合句意，故选B3．For more than once, our head teacher asks us ___________ the habit of keeping a diary.A. developB. developsC. developingD. to develop【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：不止一次，我们的班主任叫我们养成记日记的习惯。
(完整word)非谓语动词作状语全解讲解
非谓语动词作状语全解不定式和分词作状语的用法一、不定式作状语可以作:1。
主要用作目的状语。
常与 in order to do （为了或 so as to do(以便连用。
so as to 不用于居首。
He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他早起为了赶上第一班车。
He sat down to have a rest。
他坐下来休息。
He went to France to learn French. 他去法国学习法语.They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。
They stopped to ask the way. 他们停下来问路. （停下来的目的2。
作结果状语。
表示出乎意料的结果。
做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾,常见的不定式动词有：to find， to hear, to see, to be told, to form, to give, to make，to produce 等。
He hurried to the station only to find the train gone. 他匆匆忙忙地赶到火车站,发现火车已经开走了.He woke up to find everybody gone。
他醒来发现大家都走了。
His family was too poor to support him。
他的家庭太穷,不能维持他的生活. The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf。
这男孩个子不够高, 手伸不到书架。
He is old enough to go to school。
他到上学年龄了.He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
非谓语动词讲解(超全)-参考模板
非谓语动词非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词)概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分指出下列句子中非谓语动词的成分1，To see is to believe. 2, It is right to give up smoking.3, He wanted to go 4, I find it interesting to study English.5, He asked me to do the work with him. 6, I have some books for you to read.7, I came here to see you. 8, We were very excited to hear the news.9,Laying eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job. 10, It is no use arguing with him.11, Her job is teaching . 12.He had his clothes washed.13,We saw the teacher making the experiment. 14,The man standing by the window is our teacher.15,The excited people rushed into the building. 16,Being a student, I must study hard.17,The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. 18,The news is inspiring.非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
(完整版)高中非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）不定式、动名词和现在分词都有时态和语态的变化.不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式To do To be done 动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式To be doing 与谓语动作同时发生完成式To have done To have been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having doing Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式Doing Being done 与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having done Having been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前不定式一、不定式的作用1、作主语不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。
如：It took us two hours to finish the job.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.注意：（1）其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。
（2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is …to…的句型。
试比较：It is to negate my own idea to believe him.（错）To believe him is to negate my own idea .（对）（3）It is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用for.2、作宾语（1）动词+不定式。
超详细非谓语动词讲解
非谓语动词t h e N o n-F i n i t e V e r b s 定义在句子中不是谓语的动词,形式：不定式、动名词和分词现在分词和过去分词作用：在句子中充当主语、宾语、状语等.特点：1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用如动词不定式和动名词,在句中做主语、宾语、表语.2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用如动词不定式和分词,在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语.3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用如动词不定式和分词,在句中作状语.4.谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制.5.英语中不能单独做句子的谓语.与谓语动词的关系相同点（1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如： They built a garden. They suggested building a garden.（2）都可以被状语修饰： The suit fits him very well. The suit used to fit him very well.（3）都有主动与被动, “体”式一般式；进行式；完成式的变化.例如：He was punished by his parents.谓语动词被动语态 He avoided being punished by his parents.动名词的被动式We have written the composition.谓语动词的完成时 Having written the composition, we handed it in.现在分词的完成式（4）都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.谓语动词的逻辑主语 The boss ordered them to start the work.动词不定式的逻辑主语We are League members.谓语动词的主语 We being League member, the work was well done. 现在分词的逻辑主语不定式一、形式功能：动词不定式：to+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征.否定式：not + to do 以do为例,动词不定式的构成如下：（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.例如： I'm nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你.He seems to know a lot. 他看起来懂得很多.We plan to pay a visit. 我们计划花钱去参观.He wants to be an artist. 他想成为一个艺术家.The patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术.The teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作.（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如：The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力.He seems to be reading in his room. 看起来他正在他的房间里面读书.3完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如：I regretted having told a lie. 我后悔我说谎了.I happened to have seen the film. 我偶然看过这部电影.He is pleased to have met his friend. 他很高兴能遇上他的朋友.二、不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的.To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败.动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的.It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败.常用句式有：1作主语：1、It+be+名词+to do.2、It takes sb.+some time+to do.3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do.①与careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wis e,wrong , careful , polite , 等表示赞扬或批评的形容词连用,不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语.②与for连用的通常是一些表示可能性、难易程度、必要性等含义的形容词：possible,impossible,easy,hard,difficult,necessaryIt’s necessary for you to study hard .necessary 修饰 to study hard,表示学习努力是有必要的It’s foolish of him to do it .foolish 修饰逻辑主语him2作表语：放be动词后,构成表语Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅.He appears to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了.注意：（3）作宾语：①动词+不定式.如：He managed to escape from the fire.I find it hard to get along with him.it 作形式宾语下列动词通常用不定式作宾语：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, promise, prefer, like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , teach , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect ,choose, get等②动词+疑问词+to , “特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词,作宾语.如：I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.I can’t decide when to go there.注意：不定式短语作宾语时,如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后,用it 作形式宾语.如：I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.We think it important to obey the laws .不定式动词可充当介词宾语,如：I have no choice but to stay here. 我只能留在这里,别无选择.He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 他上周日除了修他的自行车什么也没干.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 马克思发现研究俄国的情况是很重要的.（4）作宾语补足语：①动词+宾语+不定式to doHe warned me to be careful.I want you to speak to Tom.What makes you think so不带to的不定式注：可以用动词不定式做宾补的动词有：ask, tell, order ,want ,get, would like, like, advise, invite, allow, help, wish,warn, expect, prefer, encourage,beg, permit, persuade,prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.此外,介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如：With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema．他有很多工作要做,所以没去电影院.②表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构：We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.被动语态③ There +不定式We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在那里.注意：1有些动词需用 as 短语作补语,像regard, think, believe, take, consider.如：We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师.Mary took him as her father. 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲.2在动词feel 一感,hear, listen to二听,have, let, make三让,notice, see, watch, observe, look at五看即：吾看三室两厅一感觉等后面的补足语中,不定式不带to,但变为被动语态后,必须带to.如：They saw the boy fall off the tree. The boy was seen to fall off the tree.3help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to.I often help him toclean the room.（5）作定语：动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后.与所修饰名词有如下关系：1）He is looking for a room to live in.动状关系He has got a chance to go abroad.同位关系3主谓关系：She is always the last person to speak at the meeting . ----I’mgoing to the post office , for I have a letter to post .逻辑主语是I -------Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now 逻辑主语不是I4动宾关系：I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要出席.注意：如果作定语的不定式是一个短语,则要保留不定式短语中的副词或介词.如：I need a pen to write with . I will wirte with the pen 我需要一直钢笔写字I have a little baby to look after .I must look after the little baby 我有一个婴儿要照看He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in .What did you open it with 你用什么打开它如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词：He has no place to live. 他无处安身.This is the best way to work out this problem. 这是解决这个问题的最好办法.He has no money and no place to live in .I think the best way to travel by is on foot .There is no time to think about .注意：①不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语时,不定式用主动形式表被动、也可用被动式：Have you got anything to send 你要送什么东西吗 Have you got anything to be sent 你有什么东西需要送吗②说明所修饰名词的内容： We have made a plan to finish the work. 我们制定了一个完成工作的计划.③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语： He is the first to get here. 他第一个来到这儿.6作状语：①表目的：He worked day and night to get the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱.She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表链.注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致： wrong：To save money, every means has been tried. right：To save money, he has tried every means. 为了省钱,他使出了浑身解数. wrong：To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right：To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. 为了学好英语,他需要一本词典.作目的状语：既可以放在句首,也可以放在句尾 To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked. 说实话,我不喜欢他讲话的方式.②表结果往往是与预期愿望相反的结果意料之外：常放在never only后He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 他来晚了,只见火车已经走了.I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜访他,只见他出去了.③表原因：常放在形容词后面They were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心.④表程度：It's too dark for us to see anything. 太暗了,我们什么也看不见.The question is simple for him to answer. 这问题由他来回答是很简单的.三、不定式的省略：①情态动词除ought外, ought to do②would rather, had better③感官动词和使役动词④由 and, or 和 than 连接的两个不定式,第二个 to 可以省去.如：He wants to move to France and marry the girl.⑤help⑥Why…/Why not…⑦But 和 except 前是动词 do 时,后面出现的动词用不带 to 的动词不定式.试比较：He wants to do nothing but go out.He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.⑧通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand 等词后,可以省去 to be .如：⑨保留to省略do动词. If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. 如果你不想做这件事,你就不必做.⑩不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to.下列短语中,如果意义明确,常常省略到to：want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , ought to , need to , used to , be able toHe wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 他希望学医并成为医生.五、注意：1．to 作介词：agree to, object to,close to , come to , lead to , refer to , equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to动名词一、定义：动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能.二、形式：一般式 doing 谓语动词同时发生 being done Seeing is believing. 眼见为实.完成式 having done having been done 谓语动词发生之前We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影.否定式：not + 动名词动名词的形式： I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告.被动式： He came to the party without being invited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会.完成被动式： He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过.复合结构：物主代词或名词所有格+ 动名词He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次.His not knowing English troubled him a lot. 他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦.三、动名词的句法功能：（1）作主语：谓语用单数Reading aloud is very helpful.Collecting stamps is interesting.Playing with fire is dangerous.当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语.结构：It’s no good/use doing.... It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的.（2）作表语：动名词可以和主语调换位置.如：My hobby is collecting stamps.In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵.3作宾语：They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝.We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染.注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面两个例句.此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如： We found it no good making funof others. 我们发现取笑他人不好.只接V-ing做宾语的动词和动词短语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit,deny, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…from,keep …from, stop…from,protect…from, set about, be engag ed in, spend…in, succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like接动名词、不定式均可,且意义相同的动词：like, love, dilike,hate, begin, star, continue, prefer, cease, can’t bear/endure/stand接动名词、不定式均可,但意义不同的词：forget,go on,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等Stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做Forget to do 忘记要做 forget doing 忘记做过Remember to do 记得要做 remember doing 记得做过Regret to do 遗憾要做 regret doing 后悔做过Try to do 企图做,尽力做 try doing 试着做Go on to do 继续做另一件事 go on doing 继续做同一件事Mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味做注意：Need, require, want作“需要”讲,其后用动名词的主动式表示被动意义,be worth也有类似用法.如：The flowers need watering/to be watered.The problem is worth discussing.（4）作定语：动名词作定语,一般表示用途.如：a waiting room,a diving board,a reading room,a dining hall动名词与现在分词作定语的区别：1现在分词作定语表动作,它与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,可改写成一个定语从句.如果为单词,放在被修饰n之前,为短语,放在被修饰n之后.如：a sleeping boy =a boy who is sleepinga developing country =a country which is developing2动名词作定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用途或性质,可改写成一个for的短语,两者不存在逻辑上的主谓关系.如：a washing machine = a mashine for washinga swimming pool = a pool for swimmingHe can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路.Is there a swimming pool in your school 你们学校有游泳池吗（5）作同位语： The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密.His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged．他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变.分词一、现在分词和过去分词的区别：1在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义；过去分词表示被动意义,不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生.像：gone, fallen, retired, grown-up, escaped, faded, returned等词.如：a retired person 一个退休的人 a fallen ball 一个落下来的球2在时间上,现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生,过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性.如：falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶注意：分词作时间状语,如果先于主动词的动作,且强调先后,要用having done.如：Having finished his homework, he went out for a walk.=After he had finished his homework, he went out for a walk.二、注意：1分词作状语,其逻辑主语要与主句主语保持一致2分词前常有when / while / as / before/ after/ if / unless /even if 等引导词3如果过去分词的动作发生在主句谓语之前,用having been done Having been hurt in a traffic accident, I was given an operation.4分词做状语,主语之前不可有and /but / so / or/ so that 等连词如有,则此句子为祈使句Working hard, you will succeed.Working hard and you will succeed.5)否定式,在分词之前+ not6)固定搭配： be dressed in be lost in thoughts lost in thoughts, he knocked into me.7)分词的逻辑主语与主句不同,分词要有自己的逻辑主语,称为“独立主语” The money used up, I had no food to eat现在分词二、定义：既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能.二、形式：肯定式：V-ing；否定式：not + 现在分词（1）主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语.例如：They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去.Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球.（2）被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作.The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要.Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误.三、现在分词的句法功能：（1）作定语：现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后.In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲.现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.（2）现在分词作表语： The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒.The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心.be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构.3作宾语补足语：如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等.例如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着. （4）现在分词作状语：①作时间状语： While Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人.②作原因状语： Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人.③作方式状语,表示伴随： He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗.④作条件状语： If Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间.⑤作结果状语： He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎.⑥作目的状语： He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了.⑦作让步状语： Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了.⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head．All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了,他们失望地离开了.Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习.有时也可用with without +名词代词宾格+分词形式 With the lights burning,he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了.⑨作独立成分： udging fromby his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员. Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心.过去分词一、形式：只有V-ed一种形式.①规则,V-ed, ②不规则二、句法功能1．过去分词作定语：①单个过去分词做定语时用于被修饰的名词前,做前置定语 frozen food、polluted river、a terrified boyVt.过去分词作定语,表被动及完成Vi 过去分词作定语,表示完成 a married man an escape man the risen sun a fallen leafOur class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行.Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会.②凡是用作定语修饰人或表示与个人相关的心理状态,用过去分词,而修饰物时,则用现在分词做定语a satisfied smile a satisfying answerTom tired at the tiring speech,started to sleep.③过去分词短语做定语时,用于被修饰的名词之后,相当于省略了which/who is/are:A book written by luxun a student called MaryThe meeting being held now is important.The meeting held yesterday was importantThe meeting to be held tomorrow is important.2．过去分词作表语： The window is broken. 窗户破了.They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕.注意：be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态.区别： The window is broken.系表 The window was broken by the boy.被动有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成.如：boiled water开水 fallen leaves落叶newly arrived goods新到的货 the risen sun升起的太阳 the changed world 变了的世界这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等.3．过去分词作宾语补足语：①做宾语补足语的动词一般是Vt,表示被动或完成With+sth./sb. DoneWith the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了.With trees planted around the school, it looks nicer.②Have /get + sb/sth. Done 叫人做....Make oneself kmow/ understood/ hearted 让自己被....③see /hear/ watch / notice/ observe / listen to等构成的感官动词及 think/ find 等表示心理状态的动词 ~ sth/ sb. done1)I hear this song sung2)I found the dooe unlocked when I got home.④ want / wish / like / expect / order sth /sb. Done 希望、命令......被做I want the problem discussed at the meeting.4．过去分词作状语：Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲.原因Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了.时间Given more time, I'll be able to do it better. 如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好.条件Though told of the danger, he s till risked his life to save the boy. 虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子.让步Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他走进山洞. 方式/伴随。
非谓语动词讲解 超全
非谓语动词讲解超全非谓语动词是指不具有人称和数的动词形式，不需要依附主语就可以使用的动词形式。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词等形式。
非谓语动词的使用可以丰富句子结构，增强表达效果，表达出动作的进行、完成、目的、原因等不同的语义关系。
一、动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由“to” + 原形动词构成，具有名词、形容词或副词的特性。
1. 作主语：To learn English well is my goal.（学好英语是我的目标。
）2. 作宾语：I want to take a nap.（我想睡个觉。
）3. 作宾补：She found it difficult to solve the math problem.（她发现解决这个数学问题很困难。
）4. 作表语：My dream is to become a teacher.（我的梦想是成为一名教师。
）5. 作状语：He left the room to make a phone call.（他离开房间去打电话。
）二、动名词动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，多用于表示动作的稳定状态或被动的形式，常常作主语、宾语或介词的宾语。
1. 作主语：Swimming is my favorite sport.（游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
）2. 作宾语：I enjoy reading books.（我喜欢阅读书籍。
）3. 作宾补：He kept silent, not wanting to reveal the secret.（他保持沉默，不想泄露秘密。
）4. 作介词的宾语：She is good at playing the piano.（她擅长弹钢琴。
）三、现在分词现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，通常以-ing结尾，可以表示主动、进行、伴随等含义。
1. 作定语：The running dog scared the child.（奔跑的狗吓唬了孩子。
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非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词 : a. 动词不定式 b. v-ing c.过去分词概述： 1. 谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式 , 在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词） , 又没有连词的情况下 , 还有别的动词出现时。
She got off the bus,leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus,but left her handbag on her seat.动词不定式一．动词不定式的时态和被动形式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号 (to)加动词原形构成。
不定式的形式有五种：1.一般式 to doI like to read English.2.进行式 to be doing He seemed to be reading something at that time.3.完成式 to have done He seemed to have cleaned the room.4.被动式 to be done The work is to be done soon.5.完成被动式 to have been doneThe boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.疑问词 +动词不定式What, who, which, where, when, how, why等疑问词构成不定式短语，这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。
二. 动词不定式的用法I. 作主语(1) 不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前。
To see is to believe．Not to get there in time is your fault.(2)注：常用 it 做形式主语，将 to do 位于之后，使句子保持平衡。
句型 1：It +谓语+(+sb.)+时间/金钱+ to doIt takes us an hour_to__ get there by bus .It costs you only $ 100 a month to cook at home.It seemed impossible to save money .句型 2：It ’ s + n. (+ for sb) + to doIt ’s our duty _to_ help the poor .It is a great enjoyment_to_ spend our holiday in the countryside. .It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party .句型 3： It is + adj（+ for sb） to do sth（是形容事物的性质的）It is + adj（ + of sb） to do sth（是形容人的品质的）It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.It is very kind of you to give me some help .It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.疑问词 +不定式作主语When to start remains undecided.1.It is easy to get there by bus or taxi.2.It takes about 3 hours to see all the birds.3.It is also impolite to speak with your mouth full whenyou are eating.4.It ’ s our duty to take good care of the old.5.How long did it take you to finish the work?6. It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.7.When to start has not been decided.8.It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.9.It ’ s necessary for you to lock the car when you do notuse it.10.It is useful for our health to do morning exercises.II.作宾语接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter.I don ’ t expect to meet you here(1)常有： like, demand, expect, promise, begin,determine,refuse,fail, manage, learn,seem, forget,want, prepare, pretend, plan, wish等They want to get_( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?He said he wished__to be( be ) a professor.(2)it作形式I find/feel to work with him interesting．I find/feel it interesting to work with him．Subject+find/think/feel/make/consider⋯ it+adj/n+ to do sth.1.We thought_it __ better2.Do you consider_it __3. I feel_it _ my duty4.We think it__ important _5.I know _ it_ impossible _ in a day.(3)疑 +不定式作常常放在些的后面作：__to_ start early . better not _to_ go? _to_ change all that . to _ obey the law.to _ finish so much homeworktell,advise,show,teach,find out, decide,discuss, learn, explain⋯He taught us how to use the tool.No one could tell me where to get the book.The dictionary didn ’ t tell the Frenchman how to pronounce the word.(4)作介 but, except, besides的。
Can’ t choose but doCan’ t help but do/have no choice to doDo nothing but doPractice:1. Would you like to go to Thailand? (would like to do sth.)2.The driver failed to see the other car in time.3.I think it our duty to obey the laws.4.Do you know how to play football?5.I found it difficult to see him here.6.Here are some ideas about how to find cheap, funthings to do with your family on weekends.7.Many people like to go to a restaurant.8.I haven't decided whether to go or stay.9.Everyone wants to have a happy weekend.10.She hope I ’ ll advise her which to choose.III.作宾语补足语1.I’ll get someone _to__ repair the recorder for yo u.2. What caused him _to__ change his mind?v.+ sb.+ to doadvise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, encourage, force,get, hate, invite , order, wish , want, warn, remind, promise, permit, persuade, request+ sb. to do注意：（ 1）在动词 feel（一感），hear,listen to（二听），have, let, make（三使），notice,see, watch,observe, look at （五看） ( 即：吾看三室两厅一感觉) 等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to ，但变为被动语态后，必须带to 。
v.+ sb.+ doLet ’ s go to Thailand right now.（ let sb. do sth.）They saw the boy fall off the tree.(see sb. do sth.)The boy was seen to fall off the tree.He is often heard to sing(sing)the song.Though he often made his deskmate cry(cry).Today he was made to cry(cry) by his deskmate. (make sb. do sth.)(2)help 后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to, 也可以不带 to.I often help him（to ） clean the room.[help sb. (to) do sth.]I helped him(to) find his things.比较：The professor told the students how to do the experiment.The professor told the students to do the experiment. Practice:1.No one lets you sit in the office.2.I want you to know some rules.3.I heard her sing today. She sang wonderful.4.We watched the children play games.5.Do you feel the house shake?6.The boss made the workers work for 12 hours a day.7.We were made to make ten sentences with these words.8.I ’ m waiting for Tom to give the answer.9.Would you like her sing a song for us?10.Did anyone notice a strange man come into the bank?IV ．作定语I have something to tell you. (不定式作定语)1.被修饰词是不定式的逻辑主语She is always the last to leave the room.We need someone to help with the work.She is always the first to answer questions.2.不定式用来说明所修饰词的内容I have no chance to go there.He made a promise to be a good boy.There is no need to build a dam on the small river.3.不定式与它所修饰的词有动宾关系Do you have anything to wash today?One of the most interesting places to visit in Singapore is Bird Park.不定式为不及物动词且和所修饰的名词是动宾关系时，须加介词He bought a cup to drink water with .I have nothing to complain about.He is looking for a room to live in .Practice:1.Each member can choose a film for the evening to watch together.2.He sat down at a table and waited for someone to takehis order.3.Is this the best way to help him?4.Please give me something to drink.5.She has a child to take care of.6.He is not the kind of man to do such things.7.It is already time to begin our class.8.Thank you for giving me the chance to make the speech.9.She bought a bookshelf to put her books on.10.You are the only person to be late.V. 作状不定式作状可以表示目的、原因、果。