新概念英语2册第53课课文详解

Lesson 53 Hot snake【New words and expressions】（13）★hot adj. 带电的, 充电的hot adj. 热的；新鲜的；棘手的；带电的, 充电的hot-hot-hot 麻辣烫；hot-wings 辣鸡翅；hot dog 热狗hot-tempered 火暴(脾气)的（temper n. 脾气）hot line 热线；hot topic 热门话题hot cake 热蛋糕It sells like a hot cake/cakes. 表示一个东西的畅销, 热销best seller 畅销的东西hot potato 棘手的问题hot news 最热点的新闻★fireman n. 消防队员hydrant n. 消防栓, 消防龙头fire extinguisher 灭火器（extinguisher n. 熄灭者, 灭火器）extinguish＝put out 灭火★cause v.& n. 引起；原因① v. 引起cause sth. 引起麻烦Carelessness causes accidents. 粗心导致事故Pride causes failure. 骄傲使人失败cause sb. to do sth. 引起某人做某事, 导致某人做某事Illness caused him to lose his temper. (lose one’s temper 发火)② n. 原因，强调事情发生的直接原因(一个)because 因为reason 理由，其他各种的理由(很多个)★examine v. 检查examine the soilcheck v. 核实, 核对★accidentally adv. 意外地, 偶然地 (但更趋向于“偶然”的意思) accident－>accidental－>accidentallyaccident n. 事故unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地(更趋向于“意外”的意思)★remains n. 尸体, 残骸remains指dead body★solve v. 解决solve the mystery solve the problem★snatch v. 抓住catch v. 抓，如抓鱼hold v. 握着snatch v. (突然抓起来)强调动作的突然性seize v. 抓住(用力)seize my arm【课文讲解】1、Hot snakehot snake 触电的蛇get an electric shock 触电2、At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.at last 最后，终于put out a fire 扑灭火（put out扑灭，熄灭，关掉）Please put the light/fire out.a fire 一场(堆)火3、Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began.since then 从那时起，到现在为止find out （经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出……（这里find out 的宾语是个从句）I’ll try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday.4、Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away.broken glass 被打碎的玻璃片cigarette ends 烟头5、They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.be able to 能够；be not able to 没有能够be sure that 对……很有把握；quite sure 相当的把握性rather adv. 相当fairly adv. 相当, 公正地, 诚实地quite(＝completely)－>rather－>fairly 程度一个比一个轻quite a few 颇有几个(相当多的)start a fire＝cause a fire （start vt. 使……发生，引起）6、This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause.accidentally =by chance 偶然地discover本身含有偶然发现（某个已经存在的东西）的含义I don’t know who discovered America.7、He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.notice 注意别人没注意的东西the remains表示“尸体，残骸”，必须用复数形式：The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake.16,000-volt power line 连字符“-”一旦加在两个词之间, 这个词之间就失去了加复数的资格, 能够加连字符的概念一定是做定语★wind vt. 缠绕，卷在……上；盘旋，蜿蜒① vt. 缠绕，卷在……上（常与around/round连用）Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree?② vt. 蜿蜒，盘旋wind one's way 蜿蜒而行8、In this way, he was able to solve the mystery.in this way 就这样9、A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.had done 先发生的事drop 无意掉下去的10、When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.do so 这么做I refuse to do so. 我拒绝这么做so常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作/某件事，以免重复I think/believe so.【Summary writing】1 Have firemen put out a big forest fire in California or not? Have they been trying to discover its cause?(Now that ...)2 Was there any evidence that it was started by broken glass or bya cigarette end or not?5 Where did the snake wind itself? What had it sent to the ground? Did this cause the fire or not?(In winding... and)1 Now that fireman have put out a big forest fire in California ,they have been trying to discover its cause.now that 既然2 evidence n. 证据区分同位语从句与定语从句地区别：如果that做了主语或者宾语, 是定语从句；如果that既不作主语也不作宾语, 是同位语从句fact , evidence 的后面往往是加同为语从句5 (In) winding itself around the wires the snake had sent sparks to the ground and it caused the fire.介词“in”“on”放在动词“-ing”前面的理解方式和没有“in”“on”的理解方式一样【Key structures】一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连用，现在完成时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时不需要时间状语，而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时与all+表示时间的名词连用。

现在完成时与一般过去时中既可以用状态动词（表示存在、拥有、感情、思想、需求等的动词）也可以用行为动词，现在完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。

【Special Difficulties】Throw to，Throw at and Throw awaythrow作及物动词主要含义为“投，掷，抛，扔”。

throw to (sb.) 扔给（某人）He threw the ball to me and I caught it.throw at 对准某一目标扔The boy threw a stone at the window and broke it.throw away 扔掉，丢弃Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.Cause and Reasoncause① n. 原因，起因；Do you know the cause of the war?What was the cause of the delay?② v. 使……产生/发生，引起cause sth. 导致, 引起What caused the accident?cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事reason① n. 理由，原因Give me your reasons for going there.What was the reason for the delay?作“原因”讲时，reason与cause可以互换，但reason与介词for连用；而cause则与介词of连用。

reason后面通常跟why引导的从句：That was the reason why the meeting was put off.② v. 推理，劝导，说服reason with sb. 劝说(以道理)How can you reason with him when he is so worried?Drop and Falldrop vi.&vt. （使）掉下，（使）落下，放下（强调的是不小心掉下来）As he walked past the tree, an apple dropped from it.The waiter dropped a fork.fall vi. 落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔倒（强调的是掉下来的概念, 动作）I fell and hurt myself.When leaves fall in autumn, I’ll come back.【Multiple choice questions】6 He was able to solve the mystery. He ___c___.a.could if he wanted tob.could but he didn't want toc.succeeded in solving itd. didn't succeed in solving itbe able to＝can, succeed in doing11 In this way he was able to solve the mystery. ___c___he did it.a.That's sob.Like thisc.That's howd. Soin this way= that’s how 以这种方式like 在英文中不表示方式, 只表示两者的东西很象。