高考英语语法完全讲解——时态课件(共51张PPT)

⑤ 表示“愿望、打算”的动词，如hope, expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppose等，其过去时表 示过去未曾实现的愿望或者意图。 I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at that moment. I had thought you would come tomorrow.
① 表示过去某个具体的时刻正在发生的动作，常与具体的 过去时间点连用，或者用于when和while引导的时间状语 从句中。 What were you doing at nine last night? The reporter said that the UFO was travelling from east to west when he saw it. ② 常与always, constantly, forever, continually连用，表 示反复发生的动作，含有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等感情色彩。 He was always making troubles when he was in primary school.
③ 用在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，表示 将来，即所谓的“主将从现”。
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.
I won’t leave until the lecture is over.
① 表示过去经常性、习惯性发生的动作 或存在的状态。 He smoked a lot when he was young. The town was old and poor in the past.
③ This/That/It was the first/second...time+that从 句。that从句用过去完成时。 It was the second time that he had been to Yunnan. ④ This/That/It was+形容词最高级+that定语从句， 定语从句用过去完成时。 That was the biggest elephant that I had seen.
常见的瞬间性动词变为延续性动词
come/arrive/get/reach-be in/at leave-be away (from)
buy-haveborrow-keep
open-be open
close-be closed
join-be in/be a member of
begin/start-be on
① 一件事情发生在过去，另一件事情先于它之前发生 （即“过去的过去”），发生在先的动作用过去完成时。 He said that he had been abroad for three years. Before he came back home, his parents had cooked the dinner.
He is coming here tonight.
They are leaving for Beijing.
Байду номын сангаас
⑤ “be to do”表示打算、计划要做某事 或者表示命令，强调应该或者必须做某事。 She is to be married next month. You are to report it to the police.
高考英语语法完全讲解——时态
1、定义：英语中的时态表示一个动作发生的时间及动作发生时 的状态，不同的时态对应不同的动词形式。
2、分类：时态由动作发生的“时间”以及发生时的“状态”组 合而来，英语中的时间可以分为四大类：现在、过去、将来、过 去将来；动作发生时的状态也可以分为四大类：一般式、进行式、 完成式、完成进行式。四个时间和四个动作组成了英语中十六种 时态。
Fish will die out of water.
--It is a little cold in the room.
--I will close the window for you.
②“be going to”表示“打算、计划要做 某事”，另外，还可以表示根据客观迹象， 推测未来可能发生的事情。
将来进行时表示在将来某个时刻正在发生的动作或存在 的状态。 --Can you go to the cinema with me this afternoon? --I am sorry. I will be writing my report the whole afternoon.
① 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，常与 already, yet, just, ever, never, before等时间状语连用。 I have already read this novel. He has just turned off the light.
The train is about to start.
I am about to leave the house when the telephone rings.
④ 表示位置移动性的动词，如：come, go, leave, fly, arrive, begin, start等，常用现 在进行时表示将来。
② 表示过去发生的事情，暗含现在已经 不再这样了。 --Come in Peter. I want to show you something.
--Oh, how nice of you! I never thought you were going to bring me a gift.
①“will+动词原形”表示将来必然会发生 的事实，强调事物的属性或者必然趋势， 也可以表示愿意、乐意去做某事，而且没 有事先准备地即兴去做某事。
② 表示在过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，常用的 时间状语有：by then, by that time, until then, by the end of last year, by the time+过去时的句子等。 Until then he had known nothing about it. By the end of last year, he had learnt 3000 words.
③ 瞬间性动作又称为非延续性动词或者短暂性动词， 瞬间性动词可以用于完成时态中，但不可以接一段时间 状语，若接一段时间状语，瞬间性动词必须转换为延续 性动词。 He has come to Beijing since last year. (×) He has been in Beijing since last year. (√) He has joined the army for three years. (×) He has been in the army for three years. (√)
难点突破
一、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
一般过去时所表示的动作或者状态纯属过去，与现在没 有关系；现在完成时虽然动作发生在过去，但是与现在 有关系（强调对现在造成的影响）或者过去发生的动作 一直持续到现在。 He cleaned the floor last week. The floor is clean, for he has cleaned it. The family lived in the village three years ago. The family has lived in the village for three years.
高中阶段需要掌握16种时态中的12种时态 （除上表中加了下划线的四种时态）
① 表示现在经常性、习惯性发生的动作 或存在的状态。 We have meals three times a day. He is always ready to help others.
② 表示客观真理、科学事实或者客观时 刻表。 The sun rises in the east. The flight takes off at ten o’clock.
将来完成时表示到将来某一个时间，某一个动作将会完 成，常用的时间状语为“by+将来某个时间”。 By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students.
过去将来完成时常用于虚拟语气中，表示对过去情况的 虚拟。 If you had followed his advice, you would have solved the problem. Without your help, I wouldn’t have made such great progress.
become-be
die-be dead
finish/end-be over
marry/get married-be married
④ This/That/It is the first/second...time+that从句。 that从句用现在完成时。 This is the first time that I have come here. ⑤ This/That/It is+形容词最高级+that定语从句，定 语从句用现在完成时。 It is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
现在完成进行时表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在， 而且还要继续下去，还可以表示一个动作在一段时间内 反复进行。完成进行时是完成时和进行时的结合体。 He has been learning English for 6 years. It has been raining for three days.
Our school is going to hold a sports meeting next week.
Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
③“be about to do”表示即可将要发生的 动作，该结构不与具体的将来时间状语连 用，常同when连用。
② 表示一个动作开始于过去，一直延续到现在，还可 能继续下去。表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的 时间状语有：lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, up to now, by now, so far, until now, since, for等。 In the past three years, the cooperation between the two countries has been successful. He has worked in this company since he graduated from college.
⑥ “on the point of doing”表示“即将做 某事”。
This kind of rare animals is on the point of dying out.
① 过去将来时表示从过去看将要发生的 动作或状态。
They said they would build another school next year. ② 表示过去习惯性或者经常性发生的动 作。
When the old man lived in the village, he would walk his dog in the morning.
① 表示现在正在进行的动作。 The workers are painting the room now. ② 常与always, constantly, forever, continually连用，表示反复发生的动作，含 有赞赏、厌恶、遗憾等感情色彩。 He is always thinking of others first. He is always making the same mistake.