2012年专四语法成分分析题详解
2012年英语专四真题及答案完整版绝对完整
2012专四听写参考答案Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables，and we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. There are a lot of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more.Although everyone may have a different definition, most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following: first, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area; second, they should benefit the local people; third, they should make a profit without destroying natural resources; and finally they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.2012专四听力参考答案说明：由于是一次性听力并作答，没有反复斟酌，不能保证答案百分百正确，但是能保证百分之九十以上正确。
2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析
2012 年专四真题阅读长难句分析TEXTA1. “Ta”, originated from the Danish word “tak”, was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also commonly used in informal situations, along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”. 【分析】本句为并列宾语句，句子主干结构为“Ta”was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also used in informal situations。
originated from the Danish word “tak”作后置定语修饰“Ta”；along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”作伴随状语。
【译文】从丹麦语“tak”演变而来的俚语“ta（谢谢）”，是受欢迎程度位居第二的答谢用语，它和其他诸如“nice one（你真好）”和“brilliant（太棒了）”等表达一样经常在非正式场合中使用。
2. For example, words like “awesome”, “brilliant”and “you star”featured highly in the new poll and they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks. 【分析】本句为and 引导的并列复合句。
两个分句的主干分别为：words featured highly in the new poll 和they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks。
2012年英语专四真题及问题详解
PART III CLOZE 【15 MIN】Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two.The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. It (32) ____ coastlines，communities and brought death to many people.Why do earthquakes happen?The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving(33)____ (although very slowly)and has done so for billions of years. This is one(34)____ of earthquakes，when one section of the earth (tectonic plate)(35)____ another. Scientists can predict where but not(36)____ this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line. On one fault line in Kobe，Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed.(37)____，earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines，(38)____ is why they are so dangerous and (39)____.Where do volcanoes happen?Volcanoes happen where the earth's(40)____ is thin：lava，dust and gases(41)____ from beneath the earth. They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt，(42)____ they can be so violent(43)____ they just explode directly from the earth with no warning. There are 1511(44)'____' volcanoes in the world. This means that they may(45)____ be dangerous. In 1985 the Colombian volcanoNevado del Ruiz erupted. The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud(46)____ the town below. Twenty thousand people died. Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable. We regularly do not know when they(47)____ pen，or (48)____ where they will happen. In the future，scientists may be able to watch and predict(49)____ before they happen.This could(50)____ many lives.31.A.massive B.significant C.great D.grand32.A.changed B.converted C.destroyed D.transformed33.A.frequently B.continuously C.regularly D.periodically34.A.source B.reason C.movement D.cause35.A.collides with B.confronts with C.meets with D.faces with36.A.how B.why C.when D.what37.A.Generally B.However C.Similarly D.Anyway38.A.that B.it C.this D.which39.A.unpredictable B.unaccountable C.inevitable D.irresistible40.A.surface B.appearance C.crust D.cover41.A.flowed out B.burst out C.1eaked out D.trickled out42.A.or B.and C.nor D.but43.A.like B.for C.as D.that44.A.living B.active C.alive D.live45.A.relatively B.hardly C.still D.gradually46.A.down B.on C.across D.beyond47.A.are to B.should C.must D.might48.A.else B.even C.though D.whether49.A.accidents B.incidents C.occasions D.events50.A.rescue B.save C.preserve D.shelter2012年英语专四完形填空答案31) massive32) destroyed33) continuously34) cause35) collides with36) when37) However38) which39) unpredictable40) crust41) burst out42) or43) that44) active45) still46) down47) might48) even49) events50) savePART IV GRAMMAR &VOCABULARY 【15 MIN】There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A，B, C and D.Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him.B.No one except his supporters agree with him.C.Neither Julia nor I were going to the party.D.Few students in my class are really lazy.52.Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?A.many aB.fewC.suchD.the next53.Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A，He promised himself rapid progress.B.The manager herself will interview Mary.C.I have nothing to say for myself.D.They quarreled themselves red in the face.54.My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch.A.be sentB.were sentC.were to be sentD.must be sent55.Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?A.By now she will be eating dinner.B.I shall never do that again.C.My brother will help you with the luggage.D.You shall get a promotion.56.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A.How strange feelings they are!B.How dare you speak to me like that!C.What noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57.which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?A.We never doubt that her brother is honest.B.The problem is not who will go but who will stay.C.You must give it back to whoever it belongs to。
2012大学德语专四 真题解析
2012年全国高校德语专业四级考试总结及试题分析2012年全国德语专业四级考试于6月8日顺利进行。
全国有97所院校共计4691名学生参加考试。
其中，A类学校50所，B类学校20所，C类学校17所，D类学校10所。
（A类为公办本一院校，B类为公办本二院校，C类为民办本二、本三院校，D类大专院校）考试试题分析1. 听写（满分10分）2012年应届考生中：A类应届生平均成绩为5.76分，B类应届生平均成绩为4.03分，C类应届生平均成绩为2.62分, D类应届生平均成绩为1.91分。
今年听写为新考纲的听写试题，全部均分达到3.58分。
虽然相对于以往听写成绩总体有一定的提高，但听写仍然是一个弱项，需要加强。
在命题方面，按照新修订的考试大纲要求选题。
所选短文为两段：第一段（A部分）为完型填词，即听写8个单词；第二段（B部分）为语句听写。
Ａ部分用正常语速念三遍。
Ｂ部分第一遍用正常语速朗读；第二遍朗读时语速略慢，长句分段读，并读出标点符号；最后一遍用正常语速朗读。
基础扎实的学生能够听懂并完成听写。
但如果考生对全文总体把握不够，不能完全听懂，或虽然听懂句子，但在具体细节方面失误较多，从而造成失分的情况。
在阅卷评分方面，完型填词听写8个单词，每空0.5分。
该部分要求考生完全正确写出所缺的单词，有任何错误均不能得分。
语句听写6分，每个错误点计0.25分。
正字法错误及标点符号错误每2个错误点扣0.25分。
累计超过24个以上错误点，该部分不得分。
听写采用“计算错误点”和“累计扣分”相结合的评分方法。
听写原文：A) Füllen Sie die Lücken!Im Restaurant bestellt sie einen Salat, er 1) bevorzugt ein Steak mit 2) Bratkartoffeln. Sie trifft sich mit ihrer Freundin im indischen Restaurant, er 3) mag es deftig. In kaum einem Bereich des alltäglichen Lebens gehen das 4) Verhalten und die 5) Gewohnheiten von Mann und Frau so weit auseinan- der wie beim Essen. Das hat zwar auch mit 6) biologischen Unterschieden zu tun, mehr doch mit 7) Traditionen und 8) Vorurteilen.B) Schreiben Sie den Text Satz für Satz.Männer bevorzugen Schnitzel, Steaks und fette Wurst, Frauen essen am liebsten Salat und Gemüse. Das ist kein Vorurteil: Untersuchungen der Gesellschaft für Ernährung bestätigen in regelmäßigen Abständen die große V orliebe des starken Geschlechts für Fleisch. Vergleicht man den jährlichen Pro-Kopf-Verbrauch vonbestimmten Lebensmittelgruppen, so zeigt sich: Deutsche Männer konsumieren im Durchschnitt weniger Obst und weniger Gemüse, dafür jedoch mehr Fleisch und Milchprodukte, Frauen reagieren eher als Männer auf neue Erkenntnisse über nützliche und schädliche Lebensmittel und ernähren sich gesünder.今年听写试题有新的变化，考生总体成绩有所提高。
2012年专业英语四级语法题详解
2012年专业英语四级语法题解51. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him. (度量衡作主语，意义一致，三单)B. No one except his supporters agree with him. （可采取就近原则，也可和No one 一致）C. Neither Julia nor I were going to the party. （只能就近原则，和I保持一致）D. Few students in my class are really lazy. （语法一致，和students一致）选【C】。
52. Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns （可数单数）and plural count nouns（可数复数）?A. many aB. fewC. suchD. the next选【D】。
many a/ more than one/such a(n)/ each/ every/either/ neither/ one/ a(n)/another +book(单数)。
(a) few/many/several/ these/ those/ two/both/ another two/ a great number of + books。
such a(n)+book(单数)；such bread（不可数）; such books（复数）; no such book(单数) (no=not a)。
the next meeting /meetings(可数单数/复数)下一次会议/随后的几次会议53. Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A. He promised himself rapid progress. （S +V +O i himself +O d）B. The manager herself will interview Mary. (S+同位语herself +V +O)C. I have nothing to say for myself. (S +V +O +不定式定语+介词+O myself)D. They quarreled themselves red in the face. (S +V +O themself +O.C)选【B】。
专四语法分析表2012年
状语从句表原因的用法
62
让步状语从句
63
So I do表示加强语气的用法
64
引导让步状语从句的for all
65
集体名词的单复数
66
固定搭配：on acc名词词义考察
68
固定搭配动词+介词词组catch on流行
69
形容词词义考察
70
固定搭配：be badly off穷困，缺少
2012年专四语法词汇题总结
题号
语法点（有几个列几个）
51
主谓一致
52
such限定词可以放在可数名词单复数之前
53
反身代词做同位语
54
Order引导的从句使用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形
55
情态助动词的表意愿的用法
56
感叹句的用法
57
形式主语从句
58
语法成分宾语的判断
59
同位语成分判断
60
Shall we表建议的用法
77
固定短语：tossed (a coin)（抛一枚硬币）
78
固定搭配: be distinct from与…非常不同
79
句子逻辑语义判断选词：oblong (长方形)
80
固定搭配：have a quiet word with sb．单独或私下和某人说说话
71
词语uncaring (=indifferent)的词义考察
72
四个名词词义辨析：living memory
73
固定搭配：putting across (=express)
74
逻辑语义判断选词
75
近义词辨析：abolished (slavery)（废除奴隶制度）
(推荐下载)专四语法之句子成分
(完整word版)专四语法之句子成分编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整word版)专四语法之句子成分）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为(完整word版)专四语法之句子成分的全部内容。
句子分析新增题型有句子成分、句意理解及语法功能.一、句子成分句子成分术语： subject主语, predicate谓语， object宾语, dual object双宾语, direct object直接宾语, indirect object间接宾语， complex object复合宾语, cognate object同源宾语， complement补语， subject complement主补，object complement宾补，predicative表语，attribute定语, appositive同位语， adverbial状语， clause从句， nominal clause名词从句, attributive clause/ relative clause定语从句， adverbial clause状语从句，object clause宾语从句， subject clause主语从句， appositive clause同位语从句, adverbial clause of time时间状语从句, adverbial clause of place 地点状语从句, adverbial clause of manner方式从句， adverbial clause of concession让步状语从句, adverbial clause of cause原因状语从句，adverbial clause of result结果状语从句, adverbial clause of purpose目的状语从句, adverbial clause of condition条件状语从句如：Which of the italicized parts functions as an object？A.He doesn’t like the idea of my speaking at the meeting.B.It is no use your pretending not to know the matter。
2012年英语专业四级语法试题及答案
Thereare thirty senten ces in this sectio n. Beneat h each senten ce thereare four wordsor phrase s marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best comple tes the senten ce. Mark your answer s on Answer SheetTwo.51．B．No one except his suppor tersagreewith him51. Whichof the follow ing senten ces is INCORR ECT? BA. Twenty milesseemslike a long walk to him.B. No one except his suppor tersagreewith him.C. Few studen ts in my classare really lazy.D. Neithe r Julianor I were goingto the party.52. Whichof the follow ing determ iners can be placed before both singul ar countnounsand plural countnouns?A. many aB. fewC. the nextD. such53. Whichof the follow ing reflex ive pronou ns is used as an apposi tive?A. He promis ed himsel f rapidprogre ss.B. The manage r hersel f will interv iew Mary.C. I have nothin g to say for myself.D. They quarre led themse lvesred in the face.54. My boss ordere d that the legaldocume nts ____ to him before lunch.A. be sentB. were sentC. were to be sentD. must be sent55. Whichof the follow ing senten ces expres ses WILLIN GNESS?A. By now she will be eating dinner.B. I shallneverdo that again.C. You shallget a promot ion.D. My brothe r will help you with the luggag e.56. Whichof the follow ing senten ces is INCORR ECT?A. How strang e feelin gs they are!B. How dare you speakto me like that!C. What noisethey are making!D. What a mess we are in!57. Whichof the italic izedpartsfuncti ons as a subjec t?A．We neverdoubtthat her brothe r is honest．B．The proble m is not who will go but who will stay．C．You must give it back to whomev er it belong s to.D．It is clearthat the crimewas done delibe ratel y．58．Whichof the italic izedpartsfuncti ons as an object?A．He doesn’tliketheideaof my speaki ng at the meetin g．B．It is no use your preten dingnot to know the matter．C．Her fallin g into the riverwas the climax of the wholetrip．D．My parent s strong ly object to my goingout aloneat night．59．All the follow ing senten ces have an apposi tiveEXCEPTA．Only one proble m stillremain s—the food．B．She bought hersel f a pair of new shoes．C．My friend s all unders tandand suppor t me．D．She likedher curren t job, teachi ng Englis h．60．Whichof the follow ing best explai ns the meanin g of “Shallwe buy the ticket s first”? A．He said that we were goingto buy the ticket s first．B．He reques ted that we buy the ticket s first．C．He sugges ted that we buy the ticket s first．D．He advise d us to buy the ticket s first．61. Whichof the follow ing contai ns an adverb ial clause of cause?A．I got a job as soon as I left univer sity．B．As therewas no answer, I wroteagain．C．You must do the exerci ses as I show you．D．Wealth y as he is，Mark is not a happyman．62. Whichof the follow ing prepos ition al phrase s can functi on as an adverb ial?A．Despit e the rain, everyo ne enjoye d the trip．B．The man with a beardis talkin g to the manage r.C．Everyprecau tionwas takenagains t the failur e of the plan．D．Are you sure of Simon's disapp earan ce?63. A: Mother, you promis ed to take me out.B: Well, _____A. so do IB. so did I.C. so I do!D. so I did!64. Whichof the follow ing prepos ition al phrase s is an adverb ial of conces sion?A. They used the box for keepin g treasu res.B. I steppe d asidefor her to get in first.C. For all that he seemsto dislik e me, I stilllike him.D. The parent s bought a birthd ay cake for theirson.65. Whichof the follow ing senten ces is INCORR ECT?A. New machin ery were introd ucedin the factor y.B. Poultr y are very expens ive in the city.C. The police are invest igati ng the murder case.D. The militi a were called out to rescue floodvictim s.Keys :51．B．No one except his suppor tersagreewith him52．D．such53．B．The manage r hersel f will interv iew Mary．54．A．be sent55．C．You shallget a promot ion．56．A．How strang e feelin gs they are!57．D．It is clearthat the crimewas done delibe ratel y58．D．My parent s strong ly object to my goingout aloneat night．59．B．She bought hersel f a pair of shoes．60．B．He reques ted we buy the ticket s first．61．B．As therewere no answer, I wroteagain．62．A．Despit e the rain, everyo ne enjoye d the trip．63．D．so I did．64．C．For all that he seemsto dislik e me, I stilllike him．65．A．New machin ery were introd ucedin the factor y．。
专四真题语法分析
专四真题语法分析反义疑问句. 前肯后否，前否后肯陈述句+附加疑问句⼀疑问部分的主语1. 当陈述句部分的主语是everything, something, nothing 等指物的合成词是，疑问句主语⽤it.Everything is arranged in a good order, isn’t it?1-1 当陈述句主语部分是everyone, everybody, somebody, nobody, no one 等指⼈的合成词的时候，疑问句主语在正式语体中⽤he, ⾮正式语体中⽤theySomeone has broken the glass, isn’t he?No one knows the history of this Museum, do they?2. 当陈述部分是there be 句式，附加疑问句的主语也⽤there.There’s something wrong, isn’t there?There used to be a petrol station near the park, ______?Answer: didn’t there?/ usedn’t there?----当陈述句部分的谓语是used to时，疑问句部分⽤didn’t +主语或者usedn’t +主语3.当陈述部分的主语是不定式，动名词，从句或this /that 时，疑问句部分的主语通常⽤it. Seeing is believing, isn’t it?This is not as beautiful as that, isn’t it?4.当陈述部分的主语是时不定代词one时，疑问句部分的主语可以⽤one(正式)或者you(⾮正式)One can not survive without water, can you/one?5.-1当陈述句部分是主从复合句，附加疑问句部分⼀般与主句的主语和谓语动词⼀致。
2012公共英语等级考试语法全解析
阅读使人快乐，成长需要时间2012公共英语等级考试语法全解析(一) 人称代词主格：I we you she he it they 宾格：me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their名词性物主代词：mine ours yours hers his its theirs2.形容词和副词的比较级(1) 一般在形容词或副词后+er older taller longer stronger, etc(2) 多音节词前+more more interesting, etc.(3) 双写最后一个字母，再+er bigger fatter, etc.(4) 把y变i，再+er heavier, earlier(5) 不规则变化：well-better, much/many-more, etc.3.可数词的复数形式Most nouns + s a book –booksNouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—storiesNouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watchesNouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoesNouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变) bread, rice, water ,juice etc.I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he isit’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not etc6. a/an a book, a peach an egg an hour7. Preposition: on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.表示时间：at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday on 15th July On National Day in the evening in December in winter8. 基数词和序数词one – first two-second twenty-twentieth9. Some /any I have some toys in my bedroom.Do you have any brothers or sisters?10. be 动词(1) Basic form: am/are/is(2) 肯定和否定句I am(not) from London.My eyes are(not) small. My hair is(not) long.(3)一般疑问句：Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you are n’t.Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.11. there be 结构肯定句：There is a …There are …一般疑问句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.否定句：There isn’t …. There aren’t….Sit down please . Don’t sit down, please.1. 现在进行时.通常用“now”.形式：be + verb +ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.动词—ing 的形式Most verbs +ing walk—walkingV erbs ending in e -e + ing come—comingShort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming2 一般现在时。
2012年英语专业四级语法two
下面划线部分哪个是错的？ Despite much research, there are still certain
elements in the life cycle of the insect that is not fully understood.
注意：在肯定句中，doubt后面也可以接that引导 的宾语从句，但表示疑虑较大或“不相信”。
先行词与关系词
The rumor that he spread everywhere turned out to be untrue.
1. 定语从句中两个非常重要的概念：先行词和连 接词。
先行词：被定语从句修饰或限制的对象，它可以 是一个词、词组甚至句子。
A. by which B. that C. in where D. where 答案： D
“介词+关系代词”的倒装句
They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.
先行词与分句割裂情况总结
1、先行词和关系分句被定语分隔 2、先行词和关系分句被状语分隔 3、先行词和关系分句被谓语分隔（短小）
先行词与关系词的选择
实战体会：
Even when homeless individuals manage to find a ____ that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day wandering the street.
2012年全国英语专业四级考试真题详解
2012年全国英语专业四级考试真题详解PART I DICTATIONListen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on Answer Sheet One.参考答案：Eco-tourismNowadays many of us try to live in a way /that will damage the environment as little as possible. /We recycle our newspapers and bottles, /we take public transport to get to work,/ and we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables. /And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us./ This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming popular in the world. /There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: /responsible tourism, nature tourism,/ adventure tourism, educational tourism and more.Although everyone may have a different definition, /most people agree that these new forms of tourism should do the following:/ first, they should conserve the wildlife and culture of the area; /second, they should benefit the local people;/ third, they should make a profit without destroying natural resources; /and finally, they should provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The Ethical Consumer Research Association will provide information to shoppers on _____.A. product priceB. product qualityC. manufacturersD. production methodsTIP：选C。
2012年英语专业四级考试真题及解析
2012年英语专业四级TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS,GRSDE FOUR,2012PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage．Altogether the passage will be read to you four times．During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning．For the second and third readings，the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase，with intervals of 15 seconds．The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work．You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more．Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE．PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A,B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two．SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations．Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation.l．The Ethical Consumer Research Association will provide information to shoppers onA．product price．B．product quality．C．manufacturers．D．production methods．2．According to the conversation，an ethical shopper shouldA．ask for others‟advice before buying things．B．consider the worth of something to be bought．C．postpone buying things whenever possible．D．search for things that are less costly．3．According to the conversation，ethical shoppers can be best described asA．shrewd．B．thrifty．C．extravagant．D．cautious．Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now,listen to the conversation．4．Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Mary?A．She is enjoying her language study．B．She is enjoying her management study．C．She is not feeling very well at the moment．D．She is not happy about her study pressure．5．What does Mary think of the course initially?A．It is useful．B．It is difficult．C．It is challenging．D．It is interesting．6．What is Mary‟s problem of livi ng in a family house?A．She dislikes the food she eats．B．She is unable to sleep well．C．She has no chance to make friends．D．She finds the rent high．7．Which of the following is Mr．Davies‟advice?A．To tryto make more friends．B．To try to change accommodation．C．To spend more time on English．D．To stop attending language classes．Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now,listen to the conversation．8．According to the conversation，the day is special becauseA．many people are surfing the net on that day．B．it is an anniversary of the internet．C．the net brought about no changes until that day．D．big changes will take place on that day．9．We learn from the conversation that peopleA．cannot Jive without the internet．B．cannot work without the internet．C．all use the internet to keep in touch．D．have varied opinions about internet use．10．At the end of the conversation．the speakers talk aboutA．the future of the internet．B．the type of office furniture．C．when changes will come．D．how people will use the internet．SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section，you will hear several passages．Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．11．In order to open a bank account，you need to produce____in addition to your passport．A．a library card B．a registration formC．a telephone bill D．a receipt12．Which of the following might NOT be included in the…utility bill‟?A．Rent．B．Gas．C．Water．D．Telephone．13．According to the passage，what can one do in the post office?A．Getting contact details．B．Obtaining tax forms．C．Paying housing rents．D．Applying for loans．Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．14．According to the passage，…scheduling‟means that youA．need to be efficient in work．B．plan your work properly．C．try to finish work ahead of time．D．know how to work in teams．15．According to the passage, one of the activities to relax could beA．protecting wild animals．B．spending time with your family．C．learning how to read efficiently．D．learning how to do gardening．16．One of the ways to reduce stress is toA．do better than anyone else．B．fulfill high ambitions in one's work．C．work and have reasonable aims．D．start with a relatively low aim．17．According to the passage，to reduce stress has something to do with the following EXCEPTA．one's position．B．one's interest．C．one's health．D．one's mood．Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．18．According to the passage，new words tend to come fromA．world politics．B．advances in science．C．areas of life．D．all the above．19．The passage explains the larger and richer vocabulary of English mainly from a viewpoint．A．historical B．culturalC．commercial D．colonial20．According to the passage，which of the following statements best describes the English language?A．It is outdated in grammar．B．It accepts new words from science．C．It has begun taking in new words．D．It tends to embrace new words.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section，you will hear several news items．Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 21 and 22 are based OH the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now listen to the news．21．Where was the marble statue found?A．Out in the sea．B．Inside a bath house．C．On a cliff along the coast．D．On the coast outside Jerusalem．22．Which of the following best describes the condition of the statue?A．It was incomplete．B．It was recent artwork．C．It was fairly tall．D．It was in pieces．Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item．you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．23．The rescue efforts concentrated mainly onA．the U．S．-Canada border B．snow-stricken regions．C．highways．D．city streets．24．According to the news，the last group of people might have been stranded in their vehiclesfor more than ____ hours before being rescued．A．24 B．25 C．40 D．48Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．25．According to the 2006 anti-smoking restrictions，smoking was NOT allowed inA．offices．B．restaurants．C．bars．D．school playgrounds．26．According to the news，which of the following groups reacts negatively to the new law?A．Television producers．B．Hotel owners．C．Medical workers．D．Hospital management．Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．27．According to the news，who first discovered the fraud?A．A client．B．A bank manager．C．The police．D．Bank headquarters．28．When did the bank employee hand himself in?A．A month before the fraud was discovered．B．A day before the fraud was discovered．C．A day after the police launched investigation．D．A month after he transferred the money．Question 29 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．29．What is this news item mainly about?A．How to open Hotmail accounts．B．How to retrieve missing e-mails．C．New e-mail service by Microsoft．D．Problems and complaints about e-mails．Question30 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．30．Compared with 2009，which of the following figures remained about the same in 2010?A．Number of tickets sold．B．Box office revenues．C．Attendance rate．D Number of cinemasPART III CLOZE 【15 MIN】Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks．Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two．The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory．It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean．It (32) ____ coastlines，communities and brought death to many people．Why do earthquakes happen?The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today；it is moving(33)____ (although very slowly)and has done so for billions of years．This is one(34)____ of earthquakes，when one section of the earth (tectonic plate)(35)____ another．Scientists can predict where but not(36)____ this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line．On one fault line in Kobe，Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed．(37)____，earthquakes do not alwayshappen on fault lines，(38)____ is why they are so dangerous and (39)____．Where do volcanoes happen?Volcanoes happen where the earth's(40)____ is thin：lava，dust and gases(41)____ from beneath the earth．They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt，(42)____ they can be so violent(43)____ they just explode directly from the earth with no warning．There are 1511(44)'____' volcanoes in the world．This means that they may(45)____ be dangerous．In 1985the Colombian volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupted．The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud(46)____ the town below．Twenty thousand people died．Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable．We regularly do not know when they(47)____ pen，or (48)____ where they will happen．In the future，scientists may be able to watch and predict(49)____ before they happen．This could(50)____ many lives．31．A．massive B．significant C．great D．grand32．A．changed B．converted C．destroyed D．transformed33．A．frequently B．continuously C．regularly D．periodically34．A．source B．reason C．movement D．cause35．A．collides with B．confronts with C．meets with D．faces with36．A．how B．why C．when D．what37．A．Generally B．However C．Similarly D．Anyway38．A．that B．it C．this D．which39．A．unpredictable B．unaccountable C．inevitable D．irresistible40．A．surface B．appearance C．crust D．cover41．A．flowed out B．burst out C．1eaked out D．trickled out42．A．or B．and C．nor D．but43．A．like B．for C．as D．that44．A．living B．active C．alive D．live45．A．relatively B．hardly C．still D．gradually46．A．down B．on C．across D．beyond47．A．are to B．should C．must D．might48．A．else B．even C．though D．whether49．A．accidents B．incidents C．occasions D．events50．A．rescue B．save C．preserve D．shelterPART IV GRAMMAR ＆VOCABULARY 【15 MIN】There are thirty sentences in this section．Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A，B, C and D．Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence．Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two．51．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A．Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him．B．No one except his supporters agree with him．C．Neither Julia nor I were going to the party．D．Few students in my class are really lazy．52．Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?A．many a B．few C．such D．the next53．Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A，He promised himself rapid progress．B．The manager herself will interview Mary．C．I have nothing to say for myself．D．They quarreled themselves red in the face．54．My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch．A．be sent B．were sent C．were to be sent D．must be sent55．Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS? A．By now she will be eating dinner．B．I shall never do that again．C．My brother will help you with the luggage．D．You shall get a promotion．56．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A．How strange feelings they are!B．How dare you speak to me like that!C．What noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57．which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?A．We never doubt that her brother is honest．B．The problem is not who will go but who will stay．C．You must give it back to whoever it belongs to。
2012年专四真题及答案
PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage．Altogether the passage will be read to you four times．During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning．For the second and third readings，the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase，with intervals of 15 seconds．The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work．You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more．Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE．PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A,B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two．SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations．Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions l to 3 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the conversation.l．The Ethical Consumer Research Association will provide information to shoppers onA．product price．B．product quality．C．manufacturers．D．production methods．2．According to the conversation，an ethical shopper shouldA．ask for others’advice before buying things．B．consider the worth of something to be bought．C．postpone buying things whenever possible．D．search for things that are less costly．3．According to the conversation，ethical shoppers can be best described asA．shrewd．B．thrifty．C．extravagant．D．cautious．Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now,listen to the conversation．4．Which of the following statements is CORRECT about Mary?A．She is enjoying her language study．B．She is enjoying her management study．C．She is not feeling very well at the moment．D．She is not happy about her study pressure．5．What does Mary think of the course initially?A．It is useful．B．It is difficult．C．It is challenging．D．It is interesting．6．What is Mary’s problem of living in a family house?A．She dislikes the food she eats．B．She is unable to sleep well．C．She has no chance to make friends．D．She finds the rent high．7．Which of the following is Mr．Davies’advice?A．To tryto make more friends．B．To try to change accommodation．C．To spend more time on English．D．To stop attending language classes．Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation．At the end of the conversation，you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now,listen to the conversation．8．According to the conversation，the day is special becauseA．many people are surfing the net on that day．B．it is an anniversary of the internet．C．the net brought about no changes until that day．D．big changes will take place on that day．9．We learn from the conversation that peopleA．cannot Jive without the internet．B．cannot work without the internet．C．all use the internet to keep in touch．D．have varied opinions about internet use．10．At the end of the conversation．the speakers talk aboutA．the future of the internet．B．the type of office furniture．C．when changes will come．D．how people will use the internet．SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section，you will hear several passages．Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．11．In order to open a bank account，you need to produce____in addition to your passport．A．a library card B．a registration formC．a telephone bill D．a receipt12．Which of the following might NOT be included in the‘utility bill’?A．Rent．B．Gas．C．Water．D．Telephone．13．According to the passage，what can one do in the post office?A．Getting contact details．B．Obtaining tax forms．C．Paying housing rents．D．Applying for loans．Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．14．According to the passage，‘scheduling’means that youA．need to be efficient in work．B．plan your work properly．C．try to finish work ahead of time．D．know how to work in teams．15．According to the passage, one of the activities to relax could beA．protecting wild animals．B．spending time with your family．C．learning how to read efficiently．D．learning how to do gardening．16．One of the ways to reduce stress is toA．do better than anyone else．B．fulfill high ambitions in one's work．C．work and have reasonable aims．D．start with a relatively low aim．17．According to the passage，to reduce stress has something to do with the following EXCEPTA．one's position．B．one's interest．C．one's health．D．one's mood．Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage．At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the passage．18．According to the passage，new words tend to come fromA．world politics．B．advances in science．C．areas of life．D．all the above．19．The passage explains the larger and richer vocabulary of English mainly from a viewpoint．A．historical B．culturalC．commercial D．colonial20．According to the passage，which of the following statements best describes the English language?A．It is outdated in grammar．B．It accepts new words from science．C．It has begun taking in new words．D．It tends to embrace new words．SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section，you will hear several news items．Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow．Questions 21 and 22 are based OH the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now listen to the news．21．Where was the marble statue found?A．Out in the sea．B．Inside a bath house．C．On a cliff along the coast．D．On the coast outside Jerusalem．22．Which of the following best describes the condition of the statue?A．It was incomplete．B．It was recent artwork．C．It was fairly tall．D．It was in pieces．Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item．you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．23．The rescue efforts concentrated mainly onA．the U．S．-Canada border B．snow-stricken regions．C．highways．D．city streets．24．According to the news，the last group of people might have been stranded in their vehiclesfor more than ____ hours before being rescued．A．24 B．25 C．40 D．48Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．25．According to the 2006 anti-smoking restrictions，smoking was NOT allowed inA．offices．B．restaurants．C．bars．D．school playgrounds．26．According to the news，which of the following groups reacts negatively to the new law?A．Television producers．B．Hotel owners．C．Medical workers．D．Hospital management．Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news．At the end of the news item，you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions．Now, listen to the news．27．According to the news，who first discovered the fraud?A．A client．B．A bank manager．C．The police．D．Bank headquarters．28．When did the bank employee hand himself in?A．A month before the fraud was discovered．B．A day before the fraud was discovered．C．A day after the police launched investigation．D．A month after he transferred the money．Question 29 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．29．What is this news item mainly about?A．How to open Hotmail accounts．B．How to retrieve missing e-mails．C．New e-mail service by Microsoft．D．Problems and complaints about e-mails．Question30 is based on the following news．At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question．Now, listen to the news．30．Compared with 2009，which of the following figures remained about the same in 2010?A．Number of tickets sold．B．Box office revenues．C．Attendance rate．D Number of cinemas．PART III CLOZE 【15 MIN】Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks．Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two．The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory．It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean．It (32) ____ coastlines，communities and brought death to many people．Why do earthquakes happen?The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today；it is moving(33)____ (although very slowly)and has done so for billions of years．This is one(34)____ of earthquakes，when one section of the earth (tectonic plate)(35)____ another．Scientists can predict where but not(36)____ this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line．On one fault line in Kobe，Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed．(37)____，earthquakes do not alwayshappen on fault lines，(38)____ is why they are so dangerous and (39)____．Where do volcanoes happen?Volcanoes happen where the earth's(40)____ is thin：lava，dust and gases(41)____ from beneath the earth．They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt，(42)____ they can be so violent(43)____ they just explode directly from the earth with no warning．There are 1511(44)'____' volcanoes in the world．This means that they may(45)____ be dangerous．In 1985 the Colombian volcano Nevado del Ruiz erupted．The lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud(46)____ the town below．Twenty thousand people died．Natural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictable．We regularly do not know when they(47)____ pen，or (48)____ where they will happen．In the future，scientists may be able to watch and predict(49)____ before they happen．This could(50)____ many lives．31．A．massive B．significant C．great D．grand32．A．changed B．converted C．destroyed D．transformed33．A．frequently B．continuously C．regularly D．periodically34．A．source B．reason C．movement D．cause35．A．collides with B．confronts with C．meets with D．faces with36．A．how B．why C．when D．what37．A．Generally B．However C．Similarly D．Anyway38．A．that B．it C．this D．which39．A．unpredictable B．unaccountable C．inevitable D．irresistible40．A．surface B．appearance C．crust D．cover41．A．flowed out B．burst out C．1eaked out D．trickled out42．A．or B．and C．nor D．but43．A．like B．for C．as D．that44．A．living B．active C．alive D．live45．A．relatively B．hardly C．still D．gradually46．A．down B．on C．across D．beyond47．A．are to B．should C．must D．might48．A．else B．even C．though D．whether49．A．accidents B．incidents C．occasions D．events50．A．rescue B．save C．preserve D．shelterPART IV GRAMMAR ＆VOCABULARY 【15 MIN】There are thirty sentences in this section．Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A，B, C and D．Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence．Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two．51．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A．Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him．B．No one except his supporters agree with him．C．Neither Julia nor I were going to the party．D．Few students in my class are really lazy．52．Which of the following determiners(限定词)can be placed before both singular count nouns and plural count nouns?A．many a B．few C．such D．the next53．Which of the following reflexive pronouns(反身代词)is used as an appositive(同位语)?A，He promised himself rapid progress．B．The manager herself will interview Mary．C．I have nothing to say for myself．D．They quarreled themselves red in the face．54．My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch．A．be sent B．were sent C．were to be sent D．must be sent55．Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?A．By now she will be eating dinner．B．I shall never do that again．C．My brother will help you with the luggage．D．You shall get a promotion．56．Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A．How strange feelings they are!B．How dare you speak to me like that!C．What noise they are making!D. What a mess we are in!57．which of the italicized parts functions as a subject?A．We never doubt that her brother is honest．B．The problem is not who will go but who will stay．C．You must give it back to whoever it belongs to。
《05-12年英语专业四级真题语法归类》(答案版)
英语专业四级真题语法归类及参考答案一、谓语动词时态63. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language.60.He would have finished his college education, but he _______to quit and find a job to support his family.A.had hadB.hasC.hadD.would have55. The student said there were a few points in the essay he __ impossible to comprehend.A has foundB was findingC had foundD would find55. _________ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A. I was and always will beB. I have to be and always will beC. I had been and always will beD. I have been and always will be56.Jack ____ from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety.A. has been missingB. has been missedC. had been missingD. was missed43．For some time now,world leaders _______ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed52. Much as ___, I couldn‘t lend him the money because I simply didn‘t have that much spare cash.A. I would have liked toB. I would like to haveC. I should have to likeD.I should have liked to二、非谓语动词：逻辑主语与从句中动词的主动与被动的关系。
专四语法串讲3英语句子成分结构详解
专四语法串讲3英语句子成分结构详解英语句子成分结构详解定语| 状语| 宾语| 补语| 同位语| 独立成分| 分词独立结构一、英语语句基本结构分析：>> 主谓宾结构：主语（subject）：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词，动词不定式，动名词、主语从句等。
It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（predicate）：说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
表语（predicative）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
成分：名词、代词、形容词Five and five is ten. （数词）His father is in. （副词）The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）宾语（object）：1）动作的承受者-----动宾I like China. （名词）He hates you. （代词）How many do you need? We need two. （数词）We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动名词）I hope to see you again. （不定式）Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.3）双宾语double objects-----间宾indirect object（指人）和直宾direct object（指物）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give，pass，bring，show, buy, find, fetch, get, keep, leave, lend, pass, read, save, sell, send, show, sing, take, teach, tell, throw, wish, write。
【英语专业四级】句子成分划分练习问题详解
专四句子成分划分练习(时间10分钟，在单词或意群下划线，写上主谓宾定状补等成分)1.Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.2.When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-fivemiles south of London, they were not taken seriously.3.Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes.4.As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.5.It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.6.In the torchlight, he caught sight to a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.7.The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.8.The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.9.Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.10.These days, people who do manual work often receive far more pay than people who work in offices.11.People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar workers” for thesimple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.12.Such as human nature, that a great many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.13.Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit.14.When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.15.However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace.1.Pumas(subject主) are(linking ver系动) large, cat-like (attribute定) animals (predicative表) which are found in America. (定语从句)a.定语从句：which (subject主) are found (predicate谓) in America (状, adverbial of place).2.When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London (时间状语从句), they(主) were not taken(谓) seriously(方式状语).a. When(引导词) reports(subject)came into (predicate) London Zoo (object)that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London.(appositive clause).b. That(引) a wild(attribute)puma(subject) had been spotted(predicate)forty-five miles south of London.(adverbial of place)16.Paw prints(主subject) were seen (谓predicate)in a number of places(状adverbial) and(并列连词linking word) puma fur(主subject) was found(谓语predicate) clinging to bushes(主补subject complement).17.As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country(原因状语attribute of cause), this one(subject) must have been(系动词linking verb) in the possession of a private collector(表, predicative)and(连词linking word) somehow(adverbial, 状语) managed(predicate, 谓语) to escape(object，宾语).a.As(引导词) no pumas(主语, subject)had beenreported(谓语, predicate) missing from any zoo inthe country(主补, subject complement).18.It(形式主语) is(系动词) disturbing(表语) to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.(真正的主语含宾语从句, real subject)a.that a dangerous wild(定语) animal(主语) is(系动词)still(状语) at large(表语) in the quiet countryside.(状语)19.In the torchlight(adverbial), he(subject)caught sight of(predicate) a figure(object)whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer. (attributive clause)a.Whom(linking w.) he(subject) immediately(adverbial)recognized(predicate)as Bill Wilkins(objectcomplement), our local grocer.(appositive)20.The city(subject) at one time(adverbial)must have been(linking verb) prosperous(predicative), for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.(adverbial clause of cause)a.for it(subject)enjoyed(predicate) a high level of(attribute) civilization.(object)21.The temple (subject) which the archaeologists explored(attributive clause) was used(predicate) as a place of worship(subject complement) from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. (adverbial of time)22.Despite her great age(adverbial of concession), she(subject) was(l.v.) very(adverbial)graceful(predicative) indeed(adverbial),but(l.w.), so far(adverbial),the archaeologists(subject) have been unable to discover(predicate) her identity.(object).23.These days(adverbial), people(subject) who do manual work (attributive clause) often(adverbial)receive(predicate)far more(attribute)pay(object) than people (adverbial of comparison) who work in offices.(attribute)24.People(subject) who work in offices(attributive clause) are frequently(adverbial)referred to as (predicate)“white-collar workers(subject complement)for the simple reason(adverbial of cause) that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.(appositive clause)a.that they(subject)usually(adverbial) wear(predicate)a collar and tie(object) to go to work.(adverbial ofpurpose)25.Such(formal subject) is human nature, that a great many people are willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.26.Every morning(adverbial of time), he(subject) left(predicate) home(object)dressed in a smart black suit.(subject complement)27.When the journalist again failed to reply(adverbial), the editor(subject) reluctantly(adverbial) published(predicate) the article(object) as it had originally been written.(adverbial clause of manner)a.When the journalist(subject)again(adverbial) failedto reply(predicate)28.However(adverbial), he(subject)had at last(adverbial) been allowed(predicate) to send a fax(subject complement) in which he informed the editor that he had been arrested while counting the 1084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president’s palace.(attributive clause)a.in which(l.w.) he(subject)informed(predicate) theeditor(indirect object) that he had been arrested whilecounting the 1084 steps leading to the fifteen-footwall which surrounded the president’s palace.(directobject clause)b.that he(subject) had been arrested while counting the1084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall whichsurroun ded the president’s palace.(adverbial)c.while counting(predicate) the 1084 steps(object)leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded thepresident’s palace.(present participle as attributive)d.leading to(predicate) the fifteen-foot(attribute)wall(object)which surrounded the president’spalace.(attributive clause)e.which surrounded(predicate)the president’spalace(object).29.It (formal subject) has now(adverbial)been proved(predicate) to the admiration of the world and of our friends in the United States (adverbial of manner) that this form of blackmail and murder and terrorism, so far from the weakening the spirit of the British nation, has only roused it to a more intense and universal flame than was ever seen before in any modern community. (subject clause)a.that this form of blackmail and murder andterrorism(subject), so far from the weakening thespirit of the British nation(adverbial), has onlyroused(predicate) it(object)to a more intense anduniversal flame(object complement宾补，补充说明it) than was ever seen before in any moderncommunity.(attributive clause)b.than(准关系代词subject) was ever seen(predicate)before(adverbial of time) in any modern(attribute)community.(adverbial of place)译文一：让世界人民和我们的美国朋友都为之钦佩的是，我们已经证明这种形式的敲诈勒索，蓄意谋杀及恐怖行为，从消弱我们不列颠的民族精神这个角度来说，恰恰激发了它，使之高涨成在现代任何国度都不曾目睹过的势头强劲的燎原之火。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2012年英语专业四级考试语法新题详解
(TEM4-2012-51) [译文] 以下哪个句子不正确？
[解析] 本题考查主谓一致。
A项中，当名词词组中心词为表示度量、时间等复数名词是，可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语动词采用单数形式；B项中，当单数主语后跟有with, along with, together with, except等引导的介词短语时，其谓语动词应根据语法一致原则采用单数形式，但在非正式语体中，也可根据就近原则来决定随后动词的形式，所以本选项中根据复数supporters使用agree；D项中，few修饰可数名词的复数形式，作主语时谓语动词用复数；但是C项中，由or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…连接的并列主语的主谓一致，按就近原则处理，故本题答案为C。
(TEM4-2012-52) [译文] 下列哪个限定词既可放在单数名词之前，也可放在复数名词之前？
[解析] 本题考查限定词。
many a虽表示“许多”，但其后只能接单数名词；few后接可数名词复数，表示“些许”了；such可修饰复可数名词和不可数名词，如such results，如no such thing，修饰单数可数名词时需要加上不定冠词，如such a place；the next既可以修饰单数可数名词，也可以修饰复数可数名词，如the next day, the next meetings。
D为本题的正确答案。
(TEM4-2012-53) [译文] 下列哪个反身代词用作同位语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。
A项himself充当宾语；C项充当介词宾语；D项充当宾语；只有B项充当同位语，可译为“经理将亲自面试玛丽。
”B为本题的正确答案。
(TEM4-2012-55) [译文] 以下哪个句子表示“意愿”？
[解析] 本题考查情态动词。
A项中，根据by now，will表示“预见”，此处表示对某种必然进程的揣想，“现在她一定在吃饭”；B项中，shall表坚强信念和决心，一般用于第一人称主语，“我绝不会做那件事儿”；D项中，shall表示“允诺”，一般用于第二、三人称作主语，表示的并不是主语的意愿，而是主动的承诺，实际上是我将提拔你，“你可以得到晋升”；C项中，will表示“愿意”。
C为本题的正确答案。
(TEM4-2012-56) [译文] 以下哪个句子不正确？
[解析] 本题考查感叹句。
感叹句的主要形式有：How + adj. ( + a/an + 名词单数) + 主语+ 谓语；What + a/an + adj. + 名词单数，What + adj. + 名词复数，What + adj. + 不可数名词+ 主语+ 谓语。
选A。
(TEM4-2012-57) [译文] 下列哪项中的斜体部分充当主语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。
A项that从句为及物动词doubt后的宾语从句；B项为系动词be后的表语从句；C项为介词to后的宾语从句；只有D项为主语从句，it为形式主语。
本题正确选项为D。
(TEM4-2012-58) [译文] 下列哪项中的斜体部分充当宾语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。
B项为主语，it是形式主语；D项为主语；A项是迷惑项，斜体部分为整个of 引出的介词短语，充当the idea的定语。
请注意C项：动词object后需搭配to方能接宾语，to此处为介词，故本项中的斜体部分为介词to的宾语。
本题正确选项为C。
(TEM4-2012-59) [译文]下列句子除了________都包含同位语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。
B项中破折号后的the food为主语only one problem的同位语；C项代词all为主语my friends的同位语；D项逗号后的teaching English为剧中宾语her current job的同位语；只有A项反身代词herself为双宾语动词bought的间接宾语。
故应选A。
(TEM4-2012-60) [译文] 下列哪项为“Shall we buy the tickets first?”的最佳解释？
[解析] 本题考查情态动词。
Shall表示意图，在疑问句中是征询听话人的意见或意图，“我们先买票，好吗？”故应选C。
(TEM4-2012-61) [译文] 下列哪项中包含原因状语从句？
[解析] 本题考查状语从句。
A项为时间状语从句，“一……就……”；C项为方式状语从句，“按照……”；D项为让步状语从句，“尽管”；只有B项为as引导的原因状语从句。
故选B。
(TEM4-2012-62) [译文] 下列哪项中的介词短语充当状语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。
A项介词短语为形容词sure的补语；B项为the man的定语；C项为主语every precaution的补语；D项为让步状语，“尽管下雨，大家的旅行还是很开心。
”本题答案为D。
(TEM4-2012-64) [译文]下列哪项中的介词短语是让步状语？
[解析] 本题考查句子成分。
A项for引导的介词短语充当目的状语；B项为目的状语；D项为for引出的间接宾语；C项为for all…表示“尽管”，为让步状语。
本题答案为C。
(TEM4-2012-65) [译文]下列哪个句子不正确？
[解析] 本题考查计划名词、主谓一致。
A项poultry（意为“家禽”）、C项police（作为若干个体来考虑）、D项militia（作为若干个体来考虑）作主语时，谓语动词用复数，此外还有vermin, cattle；只有machinery 作主语时谓语动词用单数，类似还有cutlery, jewellery, poetry, merchandise。
本题答案为B。