动词的形式和分类

动词学案

Class：Name:

◆Teaching Aims:

★To learn the classifications of the verbs.

★To master their usage through cooperation and exploration.

◆Teaching Procedures:

一、动词的分类

1. 实义动词

实义动词时能独立作谓语的动词。根据动词在句子中是否可以接宾语，可以把实义动词分为

__________动词和_________动词两种类型。按其持续性可分为_____________动词和___________动词。（1）及物动词

及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。

①动词+宾语

My brother is ________ ______ ________(fly)on the playground.

②动词+宾语+宾补

The teacher made his students___________(happiness) by doing some games.

翻译：We call English teacher Zhang Sir.

____________________________________________________

注意：带省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有：make, let, see, watch, notice, hear等。

③动词+双宾语

My mother gives me a new bike.

注意：有些间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）之后时，间接宾语前要加to。常用的此类词有bring、give、hand、pass、pay、post、return、sell、show、teach、tell、throw、lend等。

Hand me that book, please.

= Hand____________________________________.

有些间接宾语（人）放在直接宾语（事物）之后时，间接宾语前要加for。常用的此类词有buy、choose、cook、draw、book、find、get、make、order等。

My mom bought me a nice backpack.

= My mom________________________________________.

（2）不及物动词

不及物动词一般不可以接宾语，但是有些不及物动词与一些介词、副词等词搭配在一起构成短语动词，它的作用等于一个及物动词。请在横线上加上适当的介词!

①We arrived______ the station at five.

②He turned _______ the light when he left.

③He takes pride_______ doing a job well.

注意：有些动词既可作及物动词也可作不及物动词。常用的此类动词有turn、open、close、start、change、drive、play、meet、win、study等。

The girl turned her head and smiled. 这个女孩子转过头笑一笑。

She turned and walked back to the classroom.

她转过身走回教室。

（3）延续性动词

延续性动词表示动作是可持续的，如：live, stay, study, work, keep, teach等，可以和时间段连用。We have lived in China since 2001.

You can keep this book for two weeks.

（4）非延续性动词

非延续性动词表示瞬间动作，如：buy, lend, borrow, die, begin, stop, finish, arrive, join, leave, come, catch等，不能和时间段连用。如果和时间段连用，就要用其他词代替。

He has been here for five days.(arrive)

The film has been on for ten minutes.(begin)

常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下：

1、go——be away

2、come——be here

3、come back——be back

4、leave——be away（be not here）

5、buy——have

6、borrow——keep

7、die——be dead 8、begin——be on

9、finish——be over 10、open——be open

11、close——be closed 12、lose——be lost

13、get to know——know 14、turn on——be on

15、get up——be up 16、sit down——sit/be seated

17、join——be in（…）或be a…member

18、become——be

2. 连系动词

连系动词也称为系动词，连系动词有一定词义，但不完整，不能单独做谓语，必须和表语连用，构成系表结构，表示主语身份、性质、状态。

You are a teacher, but not a good one.

We feel very happy when we know it.

英语经常用到的连系动词有：

(1) 状态连系动词：表示主语的状态、性质、身份。（be）

My father is very strong.

(2) 持续连系动词：表示继续或保持一种状态或情况。（stay，remain，keep等）

You must keep healthy.

(3) 表象连系动词：用来表示“看起来”的这一概念的词。appear（看起来），seem（看似），look（看起来）。

Your mother looks much younger than I thought.

(4) 感官连系动词：feel（摸起来)，taste（尝起来)，smell（闻起来)，sound（听起来）look（看起来)。

The milk tastes a little sour.

(5) 转变或结果连系动词：become（变为)，get（成为)，grow（长得)，turn（变得)，go（变得)等。

Our village is becoming more and more beautiful.