定语从句21大核心考点(十一)

定语从句21大核心考点（十一）

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）

定义：在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词(antecedent)。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系词分类：由在从句中的地位划分上讲,引导词可分为三类:

一．主语,宾语引导词．如: who , whom , that , which , as

二 .定语引导词．如: whose

三 .状语引导词．如: where , when , why

（非常六加三，九个关系词）

关系词的作用：一是引导从句;作为从句的重要标志.二是代替先行词, 被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy,

-thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词; 三是在从句中充当成分,可充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。关系词在从句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。

解题技巧：牢记口诀：“一看是人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊”

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

【考点1】关系代词who & whom

【考点2】关系代词whose （口诀：定从之中少定语，whose为你唱一曲；whose指人又指物，所属关系要记住。）

【考点3】关系代词that 的用法

【考点4】关系代词which

【考点5】关系代词（that, which, whom）的省略（The omission of the relative pronouns）:

【考点6】as 的用法

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

【考点7】关系副词where

【考点8】where一词引导的定语从句与状语从句。

【考点9】关系副词when

【考点10】关系副词why

三、判断关系代词与关系副词

【考点11】关系代词与关系副词区别

四、限制性和非限制性定语从句

【考点12】非限制性定语从句Non-restrictive

【考点13】as, which 非限定性定语从句

五、介词+关系词（重点难点）

【超级考点14】Prep.（介词）+ which/whom

【考点15】介词+关系代词的结构拓展---Prep. + which/whom +to do…

【考点16】名词(代词)+ of which/whom ( most of /both of/some of/ …+ which/whom)

六、特例（Special ones）：

【考点17】分隔性定语从句(带有插入语的定语从句)。

【考点18】特殊关系代词than & but

七、定语从句与名词性从句的区别（先行词和关系词二合一）

【考点19】whoever = anyone who 或those who

【考点20】what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever

八、定语从句的主谓一致

【考点21】定语从句的主谓一致

九、定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分

十、【相似结构对比练】

十一、【综合精炼】单项填空

十二、定语从句改错40题

十三、巧联定语从句

十四、定语从句十大典型错误例析

三、判断关系代词与关系副词

【考点11】关系代词与关系副词区别

【考例】

1. Anyway, that evening, ____ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.（浙江卷04-35）

A. when

B. where

C. what

D. which

2. I shall never forget these years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.(上海94)

A. that; which

B. when; which

C. which; that

D. when; who (B)

【透视】1.D 2.B

【超链接】方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.

判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）

（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（对）This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

（对）I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

A. where

B. that

C. on which

D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where

B. that

C. on which

D. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A

例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。

【精练】

1.If something is dog-eat-dog, It is a situation ____ people have to take care of themselves and look after their own interests.

A. on which

B. when

C. that

D. in which

2.Is this hotel ____ offered you a job ____ you stayed the first time you arrived here?

A. which; where

B. the one; in which

C. where; that

D. the one that; where

3.She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.

A. which

B. when

C. how

D. where

4.She says that she’ll never forget the time _______ she works as a secretary in our company.

A. which

B. when

C. how

D. where

5.Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.

A. which

B. when

C. how

D. where

6.Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.

A. which

B. when

C. how

D. where

7.Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.