英文定义段落写作范例Description
英语作文定义段怎么写
英语作文定义段怎么写1. A definition paragraph is like a mini dictionary entry, but with more personality and flair. It's liketrying to capture the essence of something in just a few sentences, painting a vivid picture with words.2. Think of a definition paragraph as a snapshot of a concept or idea, frozen in time. It's like distilling the essence of something down to its purest form, stripping away all the excess and getting straight to the heart of the matter.3. Writing a definition paragraph is like trying to catch lightning in a bottle you're trying to capture the elusive nature of a concept or idea in just a few words, encapsulating its essence in a way that is both concise and evocative.4. Imagine a definition paragraph as a verbal snapshot,a quick glimpse into the soul of a word or concept. It'slike trying to sum up the essence of something in just a few sentences, distilling its meaning down to its most essential elements.5. Writing a definition paragraph is like trying to capture a fleeting moment in time, freezing it in words so that others can experience it too. It's like painting a picture with language, using words to create a vivid portrait of a concept or idea.。
【英语】英语作文之Description
【关键字】英语C h a p t e r 11 DescriptionThe writer of description creates a word-picture of persons, places, objects, and emotions, using a careful selection of details to make an impression on the reader. If you have already written expository or argumentative essays in your composition course, you almost certainly have written some descriptive prose. Nearly every essay, after all, calls for some kind of description; for example, in the student comparison/contrast essay (pages 233–236), the writer describes two kinds of stores; in the professional process essay (pages 215–219), the writer describes the embalming procedure in great detail. To help you write better description in your other essays, however, you may want to practice writing descriptive paragraphs or a short descriptive essay. HOW TO WRITE EFFECTIVE DESCRIPTIONWhen descriptive prose is called for in your writing, consider these four basic suggestions:Recognize your purpose. Description is not free-floating; it appears in your writing for a particular reason—to help you inform, clarify, persuade, or create a mood. In some essays you will want your description as objective—without personal impressions—as you can make it; for example, you might describe a scientific experiment or a business transaction in straight factual detail. Other times, however, you will want to convey a particular attitude toward your subject; this approach to description is called subjective or impressionistic. Note the differences between the following two descriptions of a tall, thin boy: the objective writer sticks to the facts by saying, “The eighteen-year-old boy was 6′1″ and weighed 125 pounds,” whereas the subjective writer gives an impre ssionistic description: “The young boy was as tall and scrawny as a birch tree in winter.” Before you begin describing anything, you must first decide your purpose and then whether it calls for objective or subjective reporting.Describe clearly, using specific details. To make any description clear to your reader, you must include a sufficient number of details that are specific rather than fuzzy or vague. If, for example, your family dog had become lost, you wouldn’t call the animal shelter and ask if they’d seen a “big brown dog with a short tail”—aturally, you’d mention every distinguishing detail about your pet you could think of: size, color, breed, cut of ears, and special markings. Similarly, if your car was stolen, you’d give the police as clear and as complete a description of your vehicle as possible. Look at the following paragraph. Does it fully tell what a vaulting horse is?A vaulting horse is a thing usually found in gyms that has four legs and a beam and is used by gymnasts making jumps.If you didn’t already know what a vaulting horse was, you might have trouble picking it out in a gymnasium crowded with equipment. A description with additional details would help you locate it:A vaulting horse is a piece of equipment used by gymnasts during competition to help propel them into the air when they perform any of a variety of leaps known as vaults. The gymnasts usually approach the vaulting horse from a running start and then place their hands on the horse for support or for a push off as they perform their vaults. The horse itself resembles a carpenter’s sawhorse, but the main beam is made of padded leather rather than wood. The rectangular beam is approximately 5 feet, 3 inches long and 131⁄2 inches wide. Supported by fou r legs usually made of steel, the padded leather beam is approximately 4 feet, 1⁄2 inch above the floor in men’s competitions and 3 feet, 7 inches in women’s competitions. The padded leather beam has two white lines marking off three sections on top: the croup, the saddle, and the neck. The two end sections—he croup and the neck—re each 151⁄2 inches long. Gymnasts place their hands on the neck or croup, depending on the type of vault they are attempting.Moreover, the reader cannot imagine your subject clearly if your description is couched in vague generalities. The following sentence, for example, presents only a hazy picture:Larry is a sloppy dresser.Revised, the picture is now sharply in focus:Larry wears dirty, baggy pants, shirts too small to stay tucked in, socks that fail to match his pants or each other, and a stained coat the Salvation Army rejected as a donation.Specific details can turn cloudy prose into crisp, clear images that can be reproduced in the mind like photographs.Select only appropriate details. In any description the choice of details depends largely on the writer’s purpose andaudience. However, many descriptions—especially the more subjective ones—ill present a dominant impression; that is, the writer selects only those details that communicate a particular mood or feeling to the reader. The dominant impression is the controlling focus of a description; for example, if you wrote a description of your grandmother to show her thoughtfulness, you would select only those details that convey an impression of a sweet, kindly old lady. Here are two brief descriptions illustrating the concept of dominant impression. The first writer tries to create a mood of mystery:Down a black winding road stands the abandoned old mansion, silhouetted against the cloud-shrouded moon, creaking and moaning in the wet, chill wind.The second writer tries to present a feeling of joy and innocence.A dozen kites filled the spring air, and around the bright picnic tables spread with hot dogs, hamburgers, and slices of watermelon, Tom and Annie played away the warm April day.In the description of the deserted mansion, the writer would have violated the impression of mystery had the sentence read, Down the black winding road stands the abandoned old mansion, surrounded by bright, multicolored tulips in early bloom.Including the cheerful flowers as a detail in the description destroys the dominant mood of bleakness and mystery. Similarly, the second example would be spoiled had the writer ended it this way:Tom and Annie played away the warm April day until Tom got so sunburned he became ill and had to go home. Therefore, remember to select only those details that advance your descriptive purpose. Omit any details you consider unimportant or distracting.See if you can determine the dominant impression of each of the following descriptions:The wind had curled up to sleep in the distant mountains. Leaves hung limp and motionless from the silent trees, while birds perched on the branches like little statues. As I sat on the edge of the clearing, holding my breath, I could hear a squirrel scampering through the underbrush. Somewhere far away a dog barked twice, and then the woods were hushed once more.This poor thing has seen better days, but one should expect the sofa in a fraternity house den to be well worn. The large, plump, brown corduroy pillows strewn lazily on the floor and propped comfortably against the threadbare arms bear the pencil-point scars of frustrated students and foam-bleeding cuts of multiple pillow wars. No less than four pairs of rotting Nikes stand twenty-four-hour guard at the corners of its carefully mended frame. Obviously the relaxed, inviting appearance masks the permanent odors of cheap cigars and Michelob from Thursday night poker parties; at least two or three guests each weekend sift through the popcorn kernels and Doritos crumbs, sprawl face down, and pass out for the duration. However, frequent inhabitants have learned to avoid the dark stains courtesy of the house pup and the red-punch designs of the chapter klutz. Habitually, they strategically lunge over the back of the sofa to an unsoiled area easily identifiable in flight by the large depression left by previous regulars. The quiet hmmph of the cushions and harmonious squeal of the exhausted springs signal a perfect landing and utter a warm greeting from an old and faithful friend.Make your descriptions vivid. By using clear, precise words, you can improve any kind of writing. Chapters 7 (on words) and 6 (on sentences) offer a variety of tips on clarifying your prose style. In addition to the advice given there, here are two other ways to enliven your descriptions, particularly those that call for a subjective approach:Use sensory details. If it’s appropriate, try using images that appeal to your readers’ five senses. If, for example, you are describing your broken leg and the ensuing stay in a hospital, tell your readers how the place smelled, how it looked, what your cast felt like, how your pills tasted, and what noises you heard. Here are some specific examples using sensory details: Sight The clean white corridors of the hospital resembled the set of a sci-fi movie, with everyone scurrying around in identical starched uniforms.Hearing At night, the only sounds I heard were the quiet squeakings of sensible white shoes as the nurses made their rounds.Smell The green beans on the hospital cafeteria tray smelled stale and waxy, like crayons.Touch The hospital bed sheet felt as rough and heavy as a feed sack.Taste Every four hours they gave me an enormous gray pill whose aftertaste reminded me of the stale licorice mygrandmother kept in candy dishes around her house.By appealing to the readers’ senses, you better enable them to identify with and imagine the subject you are describing. Joseph Conrad, the famous nineteenth-century novelist, agreed, believing that all art “appeals primarily to the senses, and the artistic aim when expressing itself in written words must also make its appeal through the senses, if its highest desire is to reach the secret spring of responsive emotions.” In other words, to make your readers feel, first make them “see.”Use figurative language when appropriate. As you may recall from Chapter 7, figurative language produces images or pictures in the readers’ minds, helping them to understand unfamiliar or abstract subjects. Here are some devices you might use to clarify or spice up your prose:1. Simile: a comparison between two things using the words “like” or “as” (see also pages 167–68)Example Seeing exactly the shirt he wanted, he moved as quickly as a starving teenager spotting pie in a refrigerator full of leftover vegetables.2. Metaphor: a direct comparison between two things that does not use “like” or “as” (see also pages 167–68)Example After the holidays, her body resembled the “before” shots in every diet ad she’d ever seen.3. Personification: the attribution of human characteristics and emotions to inanimate objects, animals, or abstract ideas Example The old teddy bear sat in a corner, dozing serenely before the fireplace.4. Hyperbole: intentional exaggeration or overstatementExample He was so lazy he worked nights as a futon.5. Understatement: intentional representation of a subject as less important than the facts would warrant (see also irony, page 153)Example “The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated.”—ark Twain6. Synecdoche: a part of something used to represent the wholeExample A hundred tired feet hit the dance floor for one last jitterbug. [Here “feet” stand for the dancing couples themselves.] Using figures of speech in appropriate places can make your descriptions clear, lively, and memorable.Problems to AvoidKeep in mind these three pieces of advice to solve problems that frequently arise in description:Remember your audience. Sometimes the object of our description is so clear in our minds we forget that our readers haven’t seen it, too. Consequently, the description we write turns out to be vague, bland, or skimpy. Ask yourself about your audience: what do they need to know to see this sight as clearly as I do? Then fill in your description with ample, precise details that reveal the best picture possible. Don’t forget to define or explain any terms you use that may be puzzling to your audience.Avoid an erratic organization of details. Too often descriptions are a hodgepodge of details, jotted down randomly. When you write a lengthy description, you should select a plan that will arrange your details in an orderly fashion. Depending on your subject matter and your purpose, you might adopt a plan calling for a description of something from top to bottom, left to right, front to back, and so on. For example, a description of a woman might begin at the head and move to the feet; furniture in a room might be described as your eyes move from one side of the room to another. A second plan for arranging details presents the subject’s outstanding characteristics first and then fills in the lesser information; a child’s red hair, for example, might be his most striking feature and therefore would be described first. A third plan presents details in the order you see them approaching: dust, then a car, then details about the car, its occupants, and so on. Or you might describe a subject as it unfolds chronologically, as in some kind of process or operation. Regardless of which plan of organization you choose, the reader should feel a sense of order in your description.Avoid any sudden change in perspective. If, for example, you are describing the White House from the outside, don’t suddenly include details that could be seen only from inside. Similarly, if you are describing a car from a distance, you might be able to tell the car’s model, year, and color, but you could hardly describe the upholstery or reveal the mileage. It is, of course, possible for you—r your observer—o approach or move around the subject of your description, but the reader must be aware of this movement. Any shift in point of view must be presented clearly and logically, with no sudden, confusing leaps from a front to a back view, from outside to inside, and so on.ESSAY TOPICSHere are some suggestions for a descriptive paragraph or essay; narrow your topic to fit your assignment. Don’t forget that every description, whether objective or subjective, has a purpose and that every detail should support that purpose. For additional ideas, see “Suggestions for Writing” following the professional essay (page 336).1. A building or place you’re fond of2. Your best/worst job3. A piece of equipment important to your major, a hobby, or favorite sport4. A campus or local character5. One dish or foodstuff that should be forever banned6. The most creative area of your life7. Your most precious material possession8. The ugliest/most beautiful place on your campus or in town9. A holiday dinner or ritual in your home10. Your first or worst car or apartment11. A piece of clothing that reveals the real “you”12. A product that needs to be invented13. An act of heroism or personal success14. A favorite painting, sculpture, or other art object15. An unforgettable moment16. An event, element, or critter in nature17. A shopping mall, student cafeteria, or other crowded public place18. The inside of your refrigerator, closet, or some other equally loathsome place in your home19. A special collection or hobby display20. The best beach, ski slope, hiking trail, or other recreation spotA Topic Proposal for Your EssaySelecting the right subject matter is important to every writer. To help you clarify your ideas and strengthen your commitment to your topic, here is a proposal sheet that asks you to describe some of your preliminary ideas about your subject before you begin drafting. Although your ideas may change as you write (they will almost certainly become more refined), thinking through your choice of topic now may help you avoid several false starts.1. What subject will your essay describe? Will you describe this subject objectively or subjectively? Why?2. Why are you interested in this topic? Do you have a personal or professional connection to the subject? State at least one reason for your choice of topic.3. Is this a significant topic of interest to others? Why? Who specifically might find it interesting, informative, or entertaining?4. In one or two sentences describe the major effect you’d like your descriptive essay to have on your readers. What would you like for them to understand or “see” about your subject?5. List at least three details that you think will help clarify your subject for your readers.6.What difficulties, if any, might arise during drafting? For example, what organizational strategy might you think about now that would allow you to guide your readers through your description in a coherent way?SAMPLE STUDENT ESSSAYIn her descriptive essay, this student writer recalls her childhood days at the home of her grandparents to make a point about growing up. Notice that the writer uses both figurative language and contrasting images to help her readers understand her point of view.TREECLIMBING1 Introduction: The conversation that triggers her memory It wa s Mike’s eighteenth birthday and he was having a little bit of a breakdown. “When was the last time you made cloud pictures?” he asked me absently as he stared up at the ceiling before class started. Before I could answer, he continued, “Did you know that by the time you’re an adult, you’ve lost 85 percent ofyour imagination?” He paused. “I don’t want to grow up.” Although I doubted the authenticity of his facts, I understood that Mike—the hopeless romantic with his long ponytail, sullen black clothes, and glinting dark eyes—was caught in a Peter Pan complex. He drew those eyes from the ceiling and focused on me. “There are two types of children. Tree children and dirt children. Kids playing will either climb trees or play in the dirt. Tree children are the dreamers—the hopeful, creative dreamers. Dirt children, they just stay on the ground. Stick to the rules,” he trailed off, and then picked up again. “I’m a tree child. I want to make cloud pictures and climb trees. And I don’t ever want to come down.” Mik e’s story reminded me of my own days as a tree child, and of the inevitable fall from the tree to the ground.2 The grandparents’ neighborhood remembered in military images and sensory details My childhood was a playground for imagination. Summers were spent surrounded by family at my grandparents’ house in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The rambling Lannonstone bungalow was located on North 46th Street at Burleigh, a block away from center-city Milwaukee, two blocks from Schuster’s department store and the Pfister hotel. In the winter, all the houses looked alike, rigid and militant, like white-bearded old generals with icicles hanging from their moustaches. One European-styled house after the other lined the streets in strict parallel formation, block after block.3 But in the summer it was different . . . softer. No subzero winds blew lonely down the back alley. Instead, kids played stickball in it. I had elegant, grass-stained tea parties with a neighborhood girl named Shelly, while my grandfather worked in his thriving vegetable garden among the honeybees, and watched things grow. An ever-present warming smell of yeast filtered down every street as the nearby breweries pumped a constant flow of fresh beer. Looking up, the summer sky looked like an Easter egg God had dipped in blue dye.4 Use of parallel sentences to emphasize anticipation Those summer trips to Milwaukee were greatly anticipated events back then. My brother and I itched with repressed energy throughout the long plane ride from the West Coast. We co uldn’t wait to see Grandma and Papa. We couldn’t wait to see what presents Papa had for us. We couldn’t wait to slide down the steep, blue-carpeted staircase on our bottoms, and then on our stomachs. Most of all, we couldn’t wait to go down to the basement.5 The basement was better than a toy store. Yes, the old-fashioned milk chute in the kitchen wall was enchanting, and the laundry chute was fun because it was big enough to throw down Ernie, my stuffed dog companion, so my brother could catch him below in the laundry room, as our voices echoed up and down the chute. But the basement was better than all of these, better even than sliding down those stairs on rug-burned bottoms.6 The basement in contrast to other parts of the house It was always deliciously cool down in the basement. Since the house was built in the ’30s, there was no air conditioning. Upstairs, we slept in hot, heavy rooms. My nightgown stuck to the sheets, and I would lie awake, listening to crickets, inhaling the beer-sweet smell of the summer night, hoping for a cool breeze. Nights were forgotten, however, as my brother and I spent hours every day in the basement. There were seven rooms in the basement; some darker rooms I had waited years to explore. There was always a jumbled heap of toys in the middle room, most of which were leftovers from my father’s own basement days. It was a child’s safe haven; it was a sacred place.7 Adventures in the basementThe times spent in the basement were times of a gloriously secure childhood. Empires were created in a day with faded colored building blocks. New territories were annexed when either my brother or I got the courage to venture into one of those Other Rooms—the dark, musty ones without windows—and then scamper back to report of any sightings of monsters or other horrific childhood creatures. In those basement days everything seemed safe and wholesome and secure, with my family surrounding me, protecting me. Like childhood itself, entering the basement was like entering another dimension.8 The house and neighborhood years later Last summer I returned to Milwaukee to help my grandparents pack to move into an apartment. I went back at 17 to find the house—my kingdom—up for sale. I found another cycle coming to a close, and I found myself separated from what I had once known. I looked at the house. It was old; it was crumbling; it needed paint. I looked down the back alley and saw nothing but trash and weeds. I walked to the corner and saw smoke-choked, dirty streets and thick bars in shop windows, nothing more than another worn-out mid-western factory city. I went back to the house and down to the basement, alone.9 The basement years later It was gray and dark. Dust filtered through a single feeble sunbeam from a cracked window pane. It was empty, except for the overwhelming musty smell. The toys were gone, either packed or thrown away. As I walked in andout of rooms. the quietness filled my ears, but in the back of my head the sounds of childhood laughter and chatter played like an old recording.10 The dark rooms were filled not with monsters but with remnants of my grandfather’s business. A neon sign was propped against the wall in a corner: Ben Strauss Plumbing. Piles of heavy pipes and metal machine parts lay scattered about on shelves.A dusty purple ribbon was thumbtacked to a door. It said SHOOT THE WORKS in white letters. I gently took it down. The ribbon hangs on my door at home now, and out of context it somehow is not quite so awe-inspiring and mystifying as it once was. However, it does serve its purpose, permanently connecting me to my memories.11 Conclusion: A return to the introduction’s images and some advice All children are tree children, I believe. The basement used to be my tree, the place I could dream in. That last summer I found myself, much to Mike’s disappointment, quite mature, quite adult. Maybe Mike fell from his tree and got bruised. Climbing down from that tree doesn’t have to be something to be afraid of. One needn’t hide in the tree for fear of touching the ground and forgetting how to climb back up when necessary. I think there is a way to balance the two extremes. Climb down gracefully as you grow up, and if you fall, don’t land in quicksand. I like to think I’m more of a shrubbery child: not so low as to get stuck in the mud and just high enough to look at the sky and make cloud pictures.PROFESSIONAL ESSAY* To help you read this essay analytically, review pages 176–178. For two other professional essays in Part Two that make extensive use of description, see “To Bid the World Farewell” and“Two Ways of Viewing the River.”Still Learning from My MotherCliff SchneiderCliff Schneider is a graduate of Cornell and a retired freshwater fisheries biologist, who worked for the Department of Environmental Conservation in New York. Much of his research and writing has focused on his work studying Lake Ontario. This essay, a personal tribute to his seventy-nine-year -old mother, was first published in the “My Turn” column of Newsweek magazine, in March 2000.1 When I was a young boy growing up on New York’s Long Island in the 1950s, it was common to see boys and their fathers gathering in the roads in front of their homes on warm summer evenings to “have a catch.” That was the term we had for tossing a baseball while we talked about school, jobs and life in general. Although my dad and I had many catches together, my most memorable ones were with my mother. She would happily grab a glove, run out to the road and then fire fast balls at me that cracked my glove and left my hand stinging. She never showed any motherly concern, though, just a broad grin with the tip of her tongue exposed in the corner of her mouth. This was her game face. I can still recall how delighted I was tossing the ball with Mom and hearing the comments from my friends and neighbors: “Where did your mother learn to throw a ball like that?”2 My mother, you see, was a jock long before Title IX unleashed the explosion of modern women’s athletics. She lettered in field hockey and basketball while attending Hofstra University in the late 1930s. This was a time when it wasn’t very fashionable for women to go running after a ball and work up a sweat. Luckily for me, Mom never worried about what was fashionable. She loved sports, loved being active and, most of all, loved the competition. Mom was kind to her kids until we played ball. Then we’d notice this gleam in her eye, the broad grin and the familiar tongue that told us she was ready for action and ready to have some fun. No matter what game she played, Mom had class. She played hard, she laughed a lot and, win or lose, she was always gracious.3 The years have diminished Mom’s physical abilities, as they would have for anyone who is about to become an octogenarian. Her back is a little bent, and she complains occasionally about her hip. Her biggest concession to the aging process, however, is that she has had to lighten up on her bowling ball. As a young mother in suburban bowling leagues she toted a 15-pound ball, carried a 160 average and had a high game of 212. As she’s grown older, her scores have declined. In recent years she’s had to start using an eight-pound ball, which she protests is too light and “doesn’t give enough pin action.”4 For years I have had to listen to my mother’s perennial battle cry as she begins each new bowling season—“This is the year I’m going to bowl a 200 game!” I’ve always smiled and nodded in agreement, which was my way of acknowledging her determination. During our regular Thursday-evening phone conversations (she bowls on Thursdays), she gives me a frame-by-frame description of her games, and gripes that she can’t bowl the way she used to. She almost always slips in thecomment “I’m going to make 200 if it kills me.” I try to explain that she should be satisfied that she is at least able to play the game. “Try to make some concession to your age, Mom,” I say. Of course, she will have none of this talk and this year bought a 10-pound ball in pursuit of her dream. Vince Lombardi would be proud.5 A week after she started bowling with her new ball, I called to check on her progress. She no sooner said “Hi” than I could tell something big had happened in her life. I could feel the smile all the way from Hendersonville, N.C., to upstate New York. I shouted, “You bowled a 200 game!” knowing it could be the only reason for such a happy voice. She corrected me: “Not a 200 game; I got a 220.” It was her highest score ever!She gave me a strike-by-strike description of her game, and we both celebrated over the phone. As she signed off and said her goodbyes, I could still sense the smile on her face. Her grin will probably fade in another month or two.6 After some reflection, I am amazed by my mother’s accomplishment. Whether it is baseball, tennis, golf or even bowling, I have never heard of anyone’s peaking at 79. Yes, there is some degree of luck in every game,but in Mom’s case she had the best game of her life because she persevered. Mom’s achievement has lifted her spirits and made her feel young again. For someone who is too frequently reminded that she can’t do what she used to, this experience could not have come at a better time in her life. I guess I’m not surprised that I can still learn from Mom—hat you are never too old to dream and never too old to realize those dreams. I am not surprised, either, that in our most recent calls she talks about bowling a 250 game.Questions on Content, Structure, and Style1. Is Schneider’s description of his mother primarily objective or subjective? Cite an example of his language to support your answer.2. Why was his mother’s behavior unusual in the 1950s? What does “before Title IX” (paragraph 2) mean?3. How does Schneider physically describe his mother so that readers can easily imagine those early games of catch? Why does she have “class”?4. Examine some of Schneider’s word choices. What, for example, is the effect of writing that his mother would “fire fast balls at me that cracked my glove and left my hand stinging” (paragraph 1) instead of“mom could throw very hard”?5. What does his mother’s “perennial battle cry” at age 79 reveal about her? Why does Schneider think Vince Lombardi—he football coach who holds the record for the most NFL wins—ould be proud of her?6. What “dominant impression” of his mother does Schneider pres ent in this essay? What are some of the details Schneider provides to help us understand this woman’s character?7. What does Schneider’s occasional use of dialogue add to this essay?Why, for example, does he quote his neighbors in paragraph 1 and his mother in paragraphs 3 and 4?8. Why does Schneider organize his essay by starting with a description of his mother’s younger days and concluding with a reference to “a250 game”? How does this organization contribute to our understanding of his mother?9. What has Schneider learned from his mother? In what way is this lesson an important part of this essay’s purpose?10. Did Schneider successfully create a picture of his mother? Could you suggest some ways he might improve his description? What language might have been more specific or vivid?Suggestions for WritingTry using Cliff Schneider’s “Still Learning from My Mother” as a steppingstone to your essay. Describe an unusual-but-wonderful relative or friend you admire for a particular trait. Consider including ample physical details, dialogue, and actions illustrating personality, as Schneider did, to make your description of this person vivid for your reader. Or write a description of an ancestor whose photograph has always intrigued you. What is the dominant impression of this picture? What does this person’s face (and perhaps choice of clothing? ) say to you about his or her character? Perhaps you might choose a photograph (or memory) of yourself on a special occasion. Write a description of yourself using a generous number of specific details and figurative language to capture the dominant impression of the picture.VocabularyTitle IX (2) diminished (3) octogenarian (3) concession (3) toted (3) perennial (4)A REVISION WORKSHEETAs you write your rough drafts, consult Chapter 5 for guidance through the revision process. In addition, here are a few。
英语作文范文描写文 (description)写作
英语作文范文描写文 (Description)写作(一) 定义描写文是用生动的语言描写各种事物、环境以及人物的状态、表现等的文体。
(二) 描写的种类1. 人物描写(1) 人物外貌描写(2) 语言行动描写(3) 心理活动描写2. 景物描写(1) 动态描写(2) 静态描写3. 场面描写(三) 范文评析Sample 1Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on My English Teacher. Remember to write clearly.My English TeacherMy English teacher is a woman of medium-height. She isin her thirties. She always has a smile on her face and a kind word for her students. As she is also a little plump, she gives people the impression that she is a patient, responsible and easygoing teacher.This picture of my teacher is true. She devotes herself to the cause of education. She prepares and organizes her lessons so well that we are fully attentive in her class. After class she often gives lessons to the students who have been absent from school because of illness. With her help we have become more and more interested in our English study. Whenever we have problems we will turn to her for help. As a matter of fact, she is more an intimate friend to us than a respected teacher.We have learnt a great deal from her devotion to her work, her conscientiousness in teaching, and her readiness to help others.Sample 2Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on The Spring Festival. Remember to write clearly.The Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival is the Chinese Lunar New Year. It’s the most important holiday in China. People usually celebrate and spend the Spring Festival together with their parents and children at home.With the New Year round the corner, every family is busy getting ready for it. All the housewives at this time would give their house an extra cleaning, make al the things clean, tidy and keep everything in its right place.On New Year’s Eve, every family makes dumplings and cook many delicious dishes. All the members of the family gather together and have a family dinner. After the big meal, they watch TV to enjoy the programs specially prepared for the Festival. The children let off fireworks, men play Mahjong and cards. They stay up very late. Just a t midnight, when the clock strikes twelve, they let off various firecrackers outdoors to see the Old Year off and the New Year in.评析：本文采用三段式的行文形式，首段介绍春节是中国农历新年。
英文作文describe模板
英文作文describe模板英文：Describing something is an important skill in both written and spoken English. When describing something, it's important to use descriptive language and provide specific details to help the reader or listener get a clear picture of what you're talking about. There are a few key elements to keep in mind when describing something in English.Firstly, use vivid and descriptive language. Instead of simply saying something is "big," try using words like "enormous," "massive," or "gigantic." This will help to paint a more detailed picture in the reader or listener's mind.Secondly, provide specific details. Instead of saying "I went to a restaurant," try saying "I went to a cozy Italian restaurant with dim lighting and red-checkered tablecloths." This will help the reader or listener tovisualize the scene more clearly.Thirdly, use examples to illustrate your point. For example, if you're describing a piece of artwork, you could say "The brushstrokes are so delicate and precise, it's as if the artist was painting with a feather instead of a brush." This will help to bring your description to life and make it more engaging for the reader or listener.中文：描述某物是英语写作和口语中的重要技能。
作文范文之description作文
description作文【篇一：job description】job descriptionjane wei: accountant1. monthly check incoming cash from customers according to payment term, ensure all issued vat invoicesare collected cash on time to guarantee smooth cash flow for business running,2. quarterly send confirmation of balances of account receivable to all customers.3. stock management : be familiar with raw material and can match article number with the relative goods.inspect monthly stocktaking result from warehouse keeper, random check the physical quantity of stocks. propose the improvement measure of stock management.4. cost of goods calculation.5. daily related bookkeeping in sap6. prepare monthly prc report to local authorities, taxation reporting, taxes refund7. filling related accounting documents8. assigned inerp job9. other routine workpaolo zhao: accountant1. make all sales vat invoices to customers exactly, cross check monthly sales revenue between sap and vatsystem2. issue collective invoice in erp system for each finished customers’ order, make sure the customers ordersare finished in professional processing way, cleaning related data in erp system3. arrange payment to suppliers according to payment term, and prepare bank cheque correctly4. filling related accounting documents5. participate in stock management, record monthly raw material in excel, random check physical quantity ofraw material at the end of each month6. daily bookkeeping in sap, follow up customers’ payment situation and make sure each a/r record iscollected money on time.7. assigned other inerp job8. send daily sale report to headquarter9. other routine worknancy wang: assistant to admin hr1. operator’s attendance record and ot hour’s statistic, shift statistic2. evaluate and calculate operator ability and efficiency3. arrange recruitment, interview, conduct the new comer’s eolment and implement demission procedure4. prepare and renew employee contract5. stationery purchasing, contact office machine repairmen of supplier for routine maintenance6. admin and hr document filling based on iso requirement7. training arrangement of employees, accommodation arrangement for staff and guests8. organize company activities9. arrange cleaning company, safeguard company, employee working meal, traffic and book air ticketreserve hotel room for staff and guests, daily admin desk work, etc10. handle t he employees’ insurance issues11. update company business certificates required by local government12. escalator quotation exactly13. other related admin, hr routine workeric zhang: it engineer1. stipulate and implement internal it policies and standards effectively2. manage and maintain internal network, devices, software and hardware3. maintain inerp system and b2b system, ensure running smoothly.4. set up and maintain platform of new project in b2b and erp successfully if need, make sure them runningsmoothly, just like did for escalator project and thyssen project5. design and update dsc website from time to time, maintain email system6. analyze existing working process, design it solution and help all department optimize internal process,improve the efficiency, and save cost7. production computer maintenance and management, trouble shooting and avoid8. the system collapse9. barcode solution design, implement and optimize for production and dispatching10. tasks and projects from headquarter11. update software version to make the system exactly and more efficient.12. other routine jobandy liu: logistics supervisor1) ensure the production and delivery will not be influenced due to the shortage of materials (sales otd);2) support to new projects and source the qualified suppliers; quicken the quotation process to sales dept. by acompetitive price and lead time;3) continual cost reduction;4) control stock level with the help from in:erp; deal with slow moving and scrapped materials as much aspossible at a reasonable level;5) manage and improve existing suppliers’ service quality which includes products quality and delivery quality(purchasing otd).6) maintain the purchasing data in erp and make the regularly stocktaking monthly;7) coach and manage subordinate, build team work at department8) warehouse personnel management;9) other relevant work.purchase engineer(summer, selina)1) ensure assigned projects’ production and delivery will not be influenced due to the shortage of materials(sales otd);2) support to assigned new projects’ quotation, samples apply and other relevant preparing job quickly by acompetitive price and lead time; source new qualified suppliers constantly;3) continual cost reduction;4) control the relevant materials’ stock as much as possible ata normal level and deal with slow moving andscrapped materials together with relevant department;5) manage and improve existing suppliers’ service quality which includes products quality and delivery quality(purchasing otd).6) maintain the purchasing data in erp and attend the regularly stocktaking monthly;7) other assigned and relevant work.john zhang: purchase warehouse engineer1) ensure assigned projects’ production and delivery will not be influenced due to the shortage of materials(sales otd);2) support to assigned new projects’ quotation, samples apply and other relevant preparing job quickly by acompetitive price and lead time; source new qualified suppliers constantly;3) continual cost reduction;4) control the relevant materials’ stoc k as much as possible ata normal level and deal with slow moving andscrapped materials together with relevant department;5) manage and improve existing suppliers’ service quality which includes products quality and delivery quality(purchasing otd).6) maintain the purchasing data in erp and attend the regularly stocktaking monthly;7) manage the raw material and finish goods warehouses;8) other assigned and relevant work.aaron zhou: purchase engineer1) ensure assigned projects’ production an d delivery will not be influenced due to the shortage of materials(sales otd);2) support to assigned new projects’ quotation, samples apply and other relevant preparing job quickly by acompetitive price and lead time; source new qualified suppliers constantly;3) continual cost reduction;4) control the relevant materials’ stock as much as possible ata normal level and deal with slow moving andscrapped materials together with relevant department;5) manage and improve existing suppliers’ service quality which includes products quality and delivery quality(purchasing otd).6) maintain the purchasing data in erp and attend the regularly stocktaking monthly;7) monthly report issue including supplier otd, purchase value etc. and settle purchase files.8) other assigned and relevant work.daniel gu: technical manager1). in charge of the technical department, recruit, manage and evaluate the technical persons.2). train the technical engineer on product knowledge, drawing analysis, npd proced ure. continue to improve technical team’s competence.3). improve the technical system, such as ecr procedure, production drawing system, improving the erp system, technical document creating.4). in charge of all new projects development, support the sales and lead the technical engineer to develop all new projects.5). help the production to optimize the production line lay out. guide the ie to improve the production process, make sop, and calculate the labor hour of the products.6). provide the technical support to the sales, the purchasing, and the production department.7). leading the technical team to solve the difficult technical issue. other relevant important work assigned by management team8). provide the technical suggestion to the management team and make the technical preparation for potential industries.jason zhao, raily li, robbie huang : technical engineer1. service the customerand provide the technical support to the customer, and help the sale increasing.2. in charge of new projects development for these customers, maintain erp and update technical documents for these customer’s products.3. assist the production department to run production effectively for these customers.4. develop new customer’s projects.5. other relevant new projects and work.yale zhou: ie1. make the drawings for all new projects and update the drawings for old products on time.2. make and update the drawings for some raw material which vendor can not provide the spec drawing.3. make the testing fixture, assembling board and etc. for the production line.4. observe and calculate the standard labor hour for some cable assembly products5. make the sop for some new products.6. if necessary, assist technical engineer for some sample making.7. assist other department for drawing creating work.8. other relevant work appointed by technical manager.leo shen: technical asst.1. make the order processing for thyssen technical file.2. follow the order production with production department.3. help other department on the technical file processing, such as escalator product.4. assistant industry engineer to improve the ie work of dsc.5. other relevant work from technical manager.joyce sha: technical asst.1. make some production drawing.2. make the sop for escalator products.3. in charge of labor hour observation for industrial wire harness products.4. other relevant work from technical manager.robert lee：pp manager1. new project introduction and quotation for sel. coordinate with purchasing, quality assurance andproduction department during the transition of a product from sample stage to the manufacturing floor.2. ensure that products manufacture conformed to specifications and requirements from sel; executeactions to solve customer’s queries or complaints, and provide service to customers sel.3. support for daily production, b2b and relevant erp operation; new articles and bom creation in erpsystem, and new parameters setting in b2b system for sel project.4. responsible for oi, wi or sop creation, operation time study, review and optimize bom for sel project.5. assist outsourcing of direct or indirect materials needed for new sel project and process improvement.coordinate and develop plans for process improvement, optimization, and product yield improvement.6. provide technical training for relevant department; responsible for troubleshooting on technical filesoperation and daily production activities; provide daily service and support for production line, to cover all process issue to make line runs smoothly for sel project.7. submit to other assigned task from general manager.elina shen: order handler1. service for schindler escalator, and provide technical support to customer, and help sales revenueincreasing;2. in charge of new escalator projects, maintain and update technical documents for sel projects;3. assist production department to produce all schindler escalator orders;4. technical files handling and orders processing for all schindler escalator project;5. kanban receiving, planning, follow-up and cooperation for sel escalator project;6. delivery arrangement for escalator products;7. orders price difference analysis and statistic, price difference in confirmation with sel;8. other assigned task from project processing manager.lan wang: order handler1. technical files checking, and normal orders spare parts orders handling through b2b or inerp systemfor sel elevator project; technical files issue feedback, delivery planning arrangement cooperation, delayed goods delivery in communication cooperation with sel pp;2. sample order receiving data downloading, encrypted drawings format transforming reorganization,and sample schedule follow-up and updated, delivery arrangement;3. flat cables cutting length planning cooperation, avoid remaining of flat cables to waste;4. quotation delivery follow-up for standard spare parts;5. orders price difference analysis and statistic, price difference in confirmation with sel, price differencefollow-up, resuming and recovering;6. kanban orders receiving, planning, follow-up and cooperation for sel elevator project. monthlycollection invoice checking for all orders processed by b2b;7. assists to reorganize technical data drawings, and ka handling and complaint;8. npe packing label printing, tx-gc packing list sheet printing; invoice collection for all spare parts;open ab and pa, issue the pa to production and follow-up, ensure safety store and otd;9. mass data maintenance in the b2b and erp system, including creation of new articles and boms forelevator in inerp system and parameter setting in b2b system;10. other assigned task from project processing manager.rock li: technical engineer1. offer bom analysis for quotation and other service in all sel project;2. build up, maintain and update technical documents for sel project;3. ensure that products manufacture conformed to customer specifications and requirements;4. assist prod department to produce all sel order;5. responsible for technical support on sel products, include improvement and reforming;6. provide technical training for relevant operators;7. sample making, follow-up, status updated, sop making;8. configuration data maintenance, including parameter setting in configuration system;【篇二：a description for my cup描述某件物品,英文】 the cup is made up of two parts: the main body of the cup and a lid for it, both of which is made of the well-known jingdezhen ceramics. as for the main body of the cup, it is deliberately designed into a cylindrical shape without the blunt straight line but the graceful concave curve on the side of it, it has a round mouth bigger than the round bottom andlike most of chinese –style tea cups, the surface of it is covered by blue and whitepatterns, with a picture of beautiful traditional chinese landscape painting on it. besides, there is a cute ear-like handle on the side of it. as for the lid, it is also round, of course, and has four chinese characters which means “be a friend forever” on the top of it. the cup is not big, about 7 centimeters high and can hold for a cup of tea that i can drink up in two times in general, which is just appropriate for me.my friend said the truth, for i really like drinking tea. i use this cup to make tea almost every afternoon, since the day when i received it. now three years has past and the color of the cupis not as bright as when it was new. however, the friendship between my friend and i didn’t fade and i believe it would never fade.【篇三：作文范文】1. 英语四级作文预测:大学生村官“college graduates work as village officials”. you should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in chinese: remember to write it neatly.1. 现在许多大学毕业生愿意到农村当村官。
英语作文——Description(The Palace of Versailles)
The Palace of VersaillesThe Palace of Versailles, which is now the last of the temples constructed by Louis XIV, the Sun King, has always been the object of great public adoration. Louis XIV had wanted it to be the center of the world, which has given the Palace a classical and orderly fashion. The plan of Versailles has been drawn by way of simulating the lines of a man in the form of the cross. It represents the body of Louis XIV, with the fountains in the west as feet and the Hall of Mirrors near the entrance as the head, where the setting sun makes everything glow golden. The arms are represented by the Hesperides in the south and the Grandes Eaux in the north.However, there is more than meets the eye in this place. Versailles is full of mysteries and surprises, so much more than we could have imagined.In 1982, an international conference has taken place in this Palace. Leaders of many countries have participated, including Ronald Reagan, Francois Mitterrand and Margaret Thatcher. They have all passed by a fountain called the fountain of Apollo, but none of them has stopped to closely look at the fountain. They should have, because it was telling a story that would have been very meaningful to them all.The story has already been told by Ovid in his Metamorphose. Once, the bastard son of the sun god Apollo asked his father for his golden chariot. However, unable to master its power, he has scorched the earth, taking many lives. In the end, Zeus had to kill him with a thunderbolt in order to avoid further damage, but also to punish him for using something that he had no control over. All the countries’ leaders would have understood this story of danger, because it is the same king of danger they would be facing with the use of nuclear weapons.However, every year, millions of tourists come to visit this amazing palace, without having the faintest idea what is the meaning for each and every one of the sites in Versailles.。
英语description类范文
英语description类范文Description: A Beautiful Beach ParadiseImagine yourself lying on a soft, sandy beach, the warm sun kissing your skin and the sound of gentle waves lulling you into a state of pure relaxation. Welcome to our beautiful beach paradise!Located in a tropical corner of the world, this stunning beach destination boasts crystal-clear turquoise waters and pristine golden sands that stretch as far as the eye can see. With its breathtaking natural beauty and tranquil atmosphere, it is no wonder that this place has become a favorite vacation spot for travelers from around the globe.As you stroll along the shore, you will be mesmerized by the vibrant hues of the ocean. The water is so clear that you can see countless colorful fish darting in and out of coral reefs, creating a mesmerizing underwater world. If you are feeling adventurous, grab a snorkel and dive into the depths, where you can witness the beauty of these marine creatures up close.For those seeking more thrilling experiences, the beach offers a range of water activities such as jet skiing, parasailing, and banana boat rides. Feel the adrenaline rush as you speed across the water or soar above it, taking in the panoramic views of the coastline.If relaxation is what you crave, find solace in one of the many beachfront loungers scattered along the shore. Breathe in the fresh sea air and feel all your worries melt away as gentle sea breezes caress your face. Close your eyes, listen to the sound of seagulls overhead, and let the rhythm of the waves wash away the stress of everyday life.As the sun begins to set, the beach transforms into a picturesque scene straight out of a postcard. Brilliant shades of orange, pink, and purple paint the sky, while the sun dips below the horizon, casting a golden glow across the water. It is the perfect setting for a romantic stroll with your loved one or a peaceful moment of reflection.When it comes to dining options, this beach paradise has it all. From cozy beachside cafes serving fresh seafood to elegantrestaurants offering international cuisine, there is something to satisfy every palate. Indulge in a delicious meal while savoring the panoramic views of the ocean and feeling the sand between your toes.Whether you are seeking adventure, relaxation, or simply a picturesque getaway, this beach paradise has it all. Immerse yourself in the natural beauty, soak up the sun, and create memories that will last a lifetime. Come and experience the magic of our beautiful beach paradise – a true slice of heaven on earth.。
Unit 9 Description商务英语写作
P191
3.2 Subjective Description
Does not seek to inform but to arouse emotion. Communication of feelings is the primary purpose of subjective description writing Two ways to achieve: 1) direct way--- describe the feeling itself 2) indirect way--- project the emotion back onto the object
2. Basic Elements of Description
The object----- that which is seen or heard The observer ----- he who sees or hears it.
Page 187 A Box Camera
A description of the earliest type of image recorder. A description of the components in a box camera A description of how a camera works
Unit 9 Description
1. Definition
Concerned with people, places and things. It is the art of translating the mental image of some object, person, place, or scene into words
英语作文description
When writing a descriptive essay in English,there are several key elements to consider in order to create a vivid and engaging piece of writing.Here are some steps and tips to help you craft a successful descriptive essay:1.Choose a Subject:Select a subject that you find interesting and that you can describe in detail.This could be a person,a place,an object,or an event.e Sensory Details:Engage all five senses in your description.Describe what you see, hear,smell,touch,and even taste if applicable.This helps to create a more immersive experience for the reader.3.Be Specific:Avoid vague e specific words and phrases to convey your description.Instead of saying the car was fast,you could say the cars engine roared as it accelerated,leaving a trail of burnt rubber on the pavement.e Figurative Language:Employ similes,metaphors,personification,and other literary devices to add depth and interest to your description.anize Your Paragraphs:Structure your essay in a logical manner.You might choose to organize your description spatially from top to bottom or from left to right, chronologically from beginning to end,or by theme.6.Include a Thesis Statement:Your introduction should contain a clear thesis statement that tells the reader what you will be describing and possibly why it is significant.7.Develop Each Paragraph:Each paragraph should focus on a single aspect of your subject.Start with a topic sentence that introduces the aspect you will be describing,then elaborate with specific details.8.Vary Your Sentence Structure:Use a mix of short and long sentences to maintain the readers interest and to create a natural flow in your writing.9.Revise and Edit:After writing your first draft,revise your essay to ensure that your descriptions are clear,concise,and engaging.Check for grammatical errors and make sure your descriptions are coherent and logical.e Transitions:Smooth transitions between sentences and paragraphs help to guide the reader through your description and maintain the flow of your essay.11.Conclude with Reflection:End your essay with a conclusion that reflects on thesignificance of your description.You might consider how the subject has changed over time,its impact on you,or its broader implications.Remember,the goal of a descriptive essay is to paint a picture with words,allowing the reader to experience the subject as if they were there.Practice and experimentation with language will help you become more adept at creating vivid and compelling descriptions.。
英文description作文
英文description作文Title: Exploring the Enigmatic Beauty of the Night Sky。
The night sky has long captivated the hearts and mindsof humanity, inspiring awe, wonder, and countless questions about the vast cosmos beyond our planet. In this essay, we will delve into the enigmatic beauty of the night sky, exploring its mysteries, significance, and the profound impact it has on our lives.First and foremost, the night sky serves as a canvasfor celestial wonders, adorned with stars, planets, andother celestial bodies. Gazing up at the stars, one cannot help but feel a sense of humility and insignificance in the grandeur of the universe. Each twinkling light represents a distant sun, some shining billions of light-years away, offering a glimpse into the unfathomable depths of space.Moreover, the night sky has played a crucial role throughout human history, serving as a navigational toolfor ancient mariners and explorers. Before the advent of GPS technology, sailors relied on the positions of the stars to chart their course across the seas, guiding them safely to distant shores. Even today, astronomers continue to study the night sky to unlock its secrets and expand our understanding of the cosmos.Beyond its practical significance, the night sky also holds immense cultural and spiritual significance for many societies around the world. From the ancient civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt to the indigenous peoples of the Americas and Australia, the stars have inspired myths, legends, and religious beliefs that endure to this day. For example, the constellation of Orion holds special significance in many cultures, symbolizing everything from a mighty hunter to a sacred deity.In addition to its cultural and spiritual significance, the night sky also plays a crucial role in scientific research and discovery. Astronomers use telescopes and other instruments to observe celestial phenomena such as supernovae, black holes, and distant galaxies, providingvaluable insights into the nature of the universe and our place within it. Furthermore, studying the night sky can also help us better understand phenomena closer to home, such as the effects of light pollution on ecosystems and human health.Despite its beauty and significance, the night skyfaces numerous threats in the modern world. Light pollution, caused by excessive artificial lighting, obscures the stars and diminishes the visibility of celestial phenomena, depriving future generations of the opportunity to experience the wonder of the cosmos. Climate change and environmental degradation also pose challenges to astronomers, affecting the quality of observations and threatening the long-term viability of astronomical research.In conclusion, the night sky is a source of endless fascination and inspiration, offering a window into the vastness and complexity of the universe. From its cultural and spiritual significance to its practical applications in navigation and scientific research, the night sky continuesto enrich our lives in countless ways. As we strive to preserve and protect this precious resource for future generations, let us never lose sight of the profound beauty and wonder that lies beyond the stars.。
英语作文之Description
C h a p t e r 11 DescriptionThe writer of description creates a word-picture of persons, places, objects, and emotions, using a careful selection of details to make an impression on the reader. If you have already written expository or argumentative essays in your composition course, you almost certainly have written some descriptive prose. Nearly every essay, after all, calls for some kind of description; for example, in the student comparison/contrast essay (pages 233–236), the writer describes two kinds of stores; in the professional process essay (pages 215–219), the writer describes the embalming procedure in great detail. To help you write better description in your other essays, however, you may want to practice writing descriptive paragraphs or a short descriptive essay. HOW TO WRITE EFFECTIVE DESCRIPTIONWhen descriptive prose is called for in your writing, consider these four basic suggestions:Recognize your purpose. Description is not free-floating; it appears in your writing for a particular reason—to help you inform, clarify, persuade, or create a mood. In some essays you will want your description as objective—without personal impressions—as you can make it; for example, you might describe a scientific experiment or a business transaction in straight factual detail. Other times, however, you will want to convey a particular attitude toward your subject; this approach to description is called subjective or impressionistic. Note the differences between the following two descriptions of a tall, thin boy: the objective writer sticks to the facts by saying, “The eighteen-year-old boy was 6′1″ and weighed 125 pounds,” whereas the subjective writer gives an impressionistic description: “The young boy was as tall and scrawny as a birch tree in wint er.” Before you begin describing anything, you must first decide your purpose and then whether it calls for objective or subjective reporting.Describe clearly, using specific details. To make any description clear to your reader, you must include a sufficient number of details that are specific rather than fuzzy or vague. If, for example, your family dog had become lost, you wouldn’t call the animal shelter and ask if they’d seen a “big brown dog with a short tail”—aturally, you’d mention every disting uishing detail about your pet you could think of: size, color, breed, cut of ears, and special markings. Similarly, if your car was stolen, you’d give the police as clear and as complete a description of your vehicle as possible. Look at the following paragraph. Does it fully tell what a vaulting horse is?A vaulting horse is a thing usually found in gyms that has four legs and a beam and is used by gymnasts making jumps.If you didn’t already know what a vaulting horse was, you might have troub le picking it out in a gymnasium crowded with equipment. A description with additional details would help you locate it:A vaulting horse is a piece of equipment used by gymnasts during competition to help propel them into the air when they perform any of a variety of leaps known as vaults. The gymnasts usually approach the vaulting horse from a running start and then place their hands on the horse for support or for a push off as they perform their vaults. The horse itself resembles a carpenter’s s awhorse, but the main beam is made of padded leather rather than wood. The rectangular beam is approximately 5 feet, 3 inches long and 131⁄2 inches wide. Supported by four legs usually made of steel, the padded leather beam is approximately 4 feet, 1⁄2 inc h above the floor in men’s competitions and 3 feet, 7 inches in women’s competitions. The padded leather beam has two white lines marking off three sections on top: the croup, the saddle, and the neck. The two end sections—he croup and the neck—re each 151⁄2 inches long. Gymnasts place their hands on the neck or croup, depending on the type of vault they are attempting.Moreover, the reader cannot imagine your subject clearly if your description is couched in vague generalities. The following sentence, for example, presents only a hazy picture:Larry is a sloppy dresser.Revised, the picture is now sharply in focus:Larry wears dirty, baggy pants, shirts too small to stay tucked in, socks that fail to match his pants or each other, and a stained coat the Salvation Army rejected as a donation.Specific details can turn cloudy prose into crisp, clear images that can be reproduced in the mind like photographs.Select only appropriate details. In any description the choice of details d epends largely on the writer’s purpose and audience. However, many descriptions—especially the more subjective ones—ill present a dominant impression; that is, thewriter selects only those details that communicate a particular mood or feeling to the reader. The dominant impression is the controlling focus of a description; for example, if you wrote a description of your grandmother to show her thoughtfulness, you would select only those details that convey an impression of a sweet, kindly old lady. Here are two brief descriptions illustrating the concept of dominant impression. The first writer tries to create a mood of mystery:Down a black winding road stands the abandoned old mansion, silhouetted against the cloud-shrouded moon, creaking and moaning in the wet, chill wind.The second writer tries to present a feeling of joy and innocence.A dozen kites filled the spring air, and around the bright picnic tables spread with hot dogs, hamburgers, and slices of watermelon, Tom and Annie played away the warm April day.In the description of the deserted mansion, the writer would have violated the impression of mystery had the sentence read, Down the black winding road stands the abandoned old mansion, surrounded by bright, multicolored tulips in early bloom.Including the cheerful flowers as a detail in the description destroys the dominant mood of bleakness and mystery. Similarly, the second example would be spoiled had the writer ended it this way:Tom and Annie played away the warm April day until Tom got so sunburned he became ill and had to go home. Therefore, remember to select only those details that advance your descriptive purpose. Omit any details you consider unimportant or distracting.See if you can determine the dominant impression of each of the following descriptions:The wind had curled up to sleep in the distant mountains. Leaves hung limp and motionless from the silent trees, while birds perched on the branches like little statues. As I sat on the edge of the clearing, holding my breath, I could hear a squirrel scampering through the underbrush. Somewhere far away a dog barked twice, and then the woods were hushed once more.This poor thing has seen better days, but one should expect the sofa in a fraternity house den to be well worn. The large, plump, brown corduroy pillows strewn lazily on the floor and propped comfortably against the threadbare arms bear the pencil-point scars of frustrated students and foam-bleeding cuts of multiple pillow wars. No less than four pairs of rotting Nikes stand twenty-four-hour guard at the corners of its carefully mended frame. Obviously the relaxed, inviting appearance masks the permanent odors of cheap cigars and Michelob from Thursday night poker parties; at least two or three guests each weekend sift through the popcorn kernels and Doritos crumbs, sprawl face down, and pass out for the duration. However, frequent inhabitants have learned to avoid the dark stains courtesy of the house pup and the red-punch designs of the chapter klutz. Habitually, they strategically lunge over the back of the sofa to an unsoiled area easily identifiable in flight by the large depression left by previous regulars. The quiet hmmph of the cushions and harmonious squeal of the exhausted springs signal a perfect landing and utter a warm greeting from an old and faithful friend.Make your descriptions vivid. By using clear, precise words, you can improve any kind of writing. Chapters 7 (on words) and 6 (on sentences) offer a variety of tips on clarifying your prose style. In addition to the advice given there, here are two other ways to enliven your descriptions, particularly those that call for a subjective approach:Use sensory details. If it’s appropriate, try using images that appeal to your readers’ five senses. If, for example, you are describing your broken leg and the ensuing stay in a hospital, tell your readers how the place smelled, how it looked, what your cast felt like, how your pills tasted, and what noises you heard. Here are some specific examples using sensory details: Sight The clean white corridors of the hospital resembled the set of a sci-fi movie, with everyone scurrying around in identical starched uniforms.Hearing At night, the only sounds I heard were the quiet squeakings of sensible white shoes as the nurses made their rounds.Smell The green beans on the hospital cafeteria tray smelled stale and waxy, like crayons.Touch The hospital bed sheet felt as rough and heavy as a feed sack.Taste Every four hours they gave me an enormous gray pill whose aftertaste reminded me of the stale licorice my grandmother kept in candy dishes around her house.By appealing to the readers’ senses, you better enable them to identify with and imagine the subject you are describing. Joseph Conrad, the famous nineteenth-century novelist, agreed, believing that all art “appeals primarily to the senses, and the artistic aim when expressing itself in written words must also make its appeal through the senses, if its highest desire is to reach the secret spring of responsive emotions.” In other words, to make your readers feel, first make them “see.”Use figurative language when appropriate. As you may recall from Chapter 7, figurative language produces images or pictures in the readers’ minds, helping them to understand unfamiliar or abstract subjects. Here are some devices you might use to clarify or spice up your prose:1. Simile: a comparison between two things using the words “like” or “as” (see also pages 167–68)Example Seeing exactly the shirt he wanted, he moved as quickly as a starving teenager spotting pie in a refrigerator full of leftover vegetables.2. Metaphor: a direct comparison between two things that does not use “like” or “as” (see also pages 167–68)Example After the holidays, her body resembled the “before” shots in every diet ad she’d ever seen.3. Personification: the attribution of human characteristics and emotions to inanimate objects, animals, or abstract ideas Example The old teddy bear sat in a corner, dozing serenely before the fireplace.4. Hyperbole: intentional exaggeration or overstatementExample He was so lazy he worked nights as a futon.5. Understatement: intentional representation of a subject as less important than the facts would warrant (see also irony, page 153)Example “The reports of my death are greatly exaggerated.”—ark Twain6. Synecdoche: a part of something used to represent the wholeExample A hundred tired feet hit the dance floor for one last jitterbug. [Here “feet” stand for the dancing couples themselves.] Using figures of speech in appropriate places can make your descriptions clear, lively, and memorable.Problems to AvoidKeep in mind these three pieces of advice to solve problems that frequently arise in description:Remember your audience. Sometimes the object of our description is so clear in our minds we forget that our readers haven’t seen it, too. Consequently, the description we write turns out to be vague, bland, or skimpy. Ask yourself about your audience: what do they need to know to see this sight as clearly as I do? Then fill in your description with ample, precise details that reveal the best picture possible. Don’t forget to define or explain any terms you use that may be puzzling to your audience.Avoid an erratic organization of details. Too often descriptions are a hodgepodge of details, jotted down randomly. When you write a lengthy description, you should select a plan that will arrange your details in an orderly fashion. Depending on your subject matter and your purpose, you might adopt a plan calling for a description of something from top to bottom, left to right, front to back, and so on. For example, a description of a woman might begin at the head and move to the feet; furniture in a room might be described as your eyes move from one side of the room to another. A second plan for arranging details presents the subject’s outstanding characteristics first and then fills in the lesser informatio n; a child’s red hair, for example, might be his most striking feature and therefore would be described first. A third plan presents details in the order you see them approaching: dust, then a car, then details about the car, its occupants, and so on. Or you might describe a subject as it unfolds chronologically, as in some kind of process or operation. Regardless of which plan of organization you choose, the reader should feel a sense of order in your description.Avoid any sudden change in perspective. If, for example, you are describing the White House from the outside, don’t suddenly include details that could be seen only from inside. Similarly, if you are describing a car from a distance, you might be able to tell the car’s model, year, and color, but you could hardly describe the upholstery or reveal the mileage. It is, of course, possible for you—r your observer—o approach or move around the subject of your description, but the reader must be aware of this movement. Any shift in point of view must be presented clearly and logically, with no sudden, confusing leaps from a front to a back view, from outside to inside, and so on.ESSAY TOPICSHere are some suggestions for a descriptive paragraph or essay; narrow your topic to fit your assignment. Don’t fo rget thatevery description, whether objective or subjective, has a purpose and that every detail should support that purpose. For additional ideas, see “Suggestions for Writing” following the professional essay (page 336).1. A building or place you’re fo nd of2. Your best/worst job3. A piece of equipment important to your major, a hobby, or favorite sport4. A campus or local character5. One dish or foodstuff that should be forever banned6. The most creative area of your life7. Your most precious material possession8. The ugliest/most beautiful place on your campus or in town9. A holiday dinner or ritual in your home10. Your first or worst car or apartment11. A piece of clothing that reveals the real “you”12. A product that needs to be invented13. An act of heroism or personal success14. A favorite painting, sculpture, or other art object15. An unforgettable moment16. An event, element, or critter in nature17. A shopping mall, student cafeteria, or other crowded public place18. The inside of your refrigerator, closet, or some other equally loathsome place in your home19. A special collection or hobby display20. The best beach, ski slope, hiking trail, or other recreation spotA Topic Proposal for Your EssaySelecting the right subject matter is important to every writer. To help you clarify your ideas and strengthen your commitment to your topic, here is a proposal sheet that asks you to describe some of your preliminary ideas about your subject before you begin drafting. Although your ideas may change as you write (they will almost certainly become more refined), thinking through your choice of topic now may help you avoid several false starts.1. What subject will your essay describe? Will you describe this subject objectively or subjectively? Why?2. Why are you interested in this topic? Do you have a personal or professional connection to the subject? State at least one reason for your choice of topic.3. Is this a significant topic of interest to others? Why? Who specifically might find it interesting, informative, or entertaining?4. In one or two sentences describe the major effect you’d like your descriptive essay to have on your readers. What would you like for them to understand or “see” about your subject?5. List at least three details that you think will help clarify your subject for your readers.6.What difficulties, if any, might arise during drafting? For example, what organizational strategy might you think about now that would allow you to guide your readers through your description in a coherent way?SAMPLE STUDENT ESSSAYIn her descriptive essay, this student writer recalls her childhood days at the home of her grandparents to make a point about growing up. Notice that the writer uses both figurative language and contrasting images to help her readers understand her point of view.TREECLIMBING1 Introduction: The conversation that triggers her memory It was Mike’s eighteenth birthday and he was having a little bit of a breakdown. “When was the last time you ma de cloud pictures?” he asked me absently as he stared up at the ceiling before class started. Before I could answer, he continued, “Did you know that by the time you’re an adult, you’ve lost 85 percent of your imagination?” He paused. “I don’t want to grow up.” Although I doubted the authenticity of his facts, I understood thatMike—the hopeless romantic with his long ponytail, sullen black clothes, and glinting dark eyes—was caught in a Peter Pan complex. He drew those eyes from the ceiling and focused on me. “There are two types of children. Tree children and dirt children. Kids playing will either climb trees or play in the dirt. Tree children are the dreamers—the hopeful, creative dreamers. Dirt children, they just stay on the ground. Stick to the rules,” he trailed off, and then picked up again. “I’m a tree child. I want to make cloud pictures and climb trees. And I don’t ever want to come down.”Mike’s story reminded me of my own days as a tree child, and of the inevitable fall from the tree to the ground.2 The grandparents’ neighborhood remembered in military images and sensory details My childhood was a playground for imagination. Summers were spent surrounded by family at my grandparents’ house in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The rambling Lannonstone bungalow was located on North 46th Street at Burleigh, a block away from center-city Milwaukee, two blocks from Schuster’s department store and the Pfister hotel. In the winter, all the houses looked alike, rigid and militant, like white-bearded old generals with icicles hanging from their moustaches. One European-styled house after the other lined the streets in strict parallel formation, block after block.3 But in the summer it was different . . . softer. No subzero winds blew lonely down the back alley. Instead, kids played stickball in it. I had elegant, grass-stained tea parties with a neighborhood girl named Shelly, while my grandfather worked in his thriving vegetable garden among the honeybees, and watched things grow. An ever-present warming smell of yeast filtered down every street as the nearby breweries pumped a constant flow of fresh beer. Looking up, the summer sky looked like an Easter egg God had dipped in blue dye.4 Use of parallel sentences to emphasize anticipation Those summer trips to Milwaukee were greatly anticipated events back then. My brother and I itched with repressed energy throughout the long plane ride from the West Coast. We couldn’t wait to see Grandma and Papa. We couldn’t wait to see what presents Papa had for us. We couldn’t wai t to slide down the steep, blue-carpeted staircase on our bottoms, and then on our stomachs. Most of all, we couldn’t wait to go down to the basement.5 The basement was better than a toy store. Yes, the old-fashioned milk chute in the kitchen wall was enchanting, and the laundry chute was fun because it was big enough to throw down Ernie, my stuffed dog companion, so my brother could catch him below in the laundry room, as our voices echoed up and down the chute. But the basement was better than all of these, better even than sliding down those stairs on rug-burned bottoms.6 The basement in contrast to other parts of the house It was always deliciously cool down in the basement. Since the house was built in the ’30s, there was no air conditioning. Upstairs, we slept in hot, heavy rooms. My nightgown stuck to the sheets, and I would lie awake, listening to crickets, inhaling the beer-sweet smell of the summer night, hoping for a cool breeze. Nights were forgotten, however, as my brother and I spent hours every day in the basement. There were seven rooms in the basement; some darker rooms I had waited years to explore. There was always a jumbled heap of toys in the middle room, most of which were leftovers from my father’s own basement days. It was a child’s s afe haven; it was a sacred place.7 Adventures in the basementThe times spent in the basement were times of a gloriously secure childhood. Empires were created in a day with faded colored building blocks. New territories were annexed when either my brother or I got the courage to venture into one of those Other Rooms—the dark, musty ones without windows—and then scamper back to report of any sightings of monsters or other horrific childhood creatures. In those basement days everything seemed safe and wholesome and secure, with my family surrounding me, protecting me. Like childhood itself, entering the basement was like entering another dimension.8 The house and neighborhood years later Last summer I returned to Milwaukee to help my grandparents pack to move into an apartment. I went back at 17 to find the house—my kingdom—up for sale. I found another cycle coming to a close, and I found myself separated from what I had once known. I looked at the house. It was old; it was crumbling; it needed paint. I looked down the back alley and saw nothing but trash and weeds. I walked to the corner and saw smoke-choked, dirty streets and thick bars in shop windows, nothing more than another worn-out mid-western factory city. I went back to the house and down to the basement, alone.9 The basement years later It was gray and dark. Dust filtered through a single feeble sunbeam from a cracked window pane. It was empty, except for the overwhelming musty smell. The toys were gone, either packed or thrown away. As I walked in and out of rooms. the quietness filled my ears, but in the back of my head the sounds of childhood laughter and chatter played likean old recording.10 The dark rooms were filled not with monsters but with remnants of my grandfather’s business. A neon si gn was propped against the wall in a corner: Ben Strauss Plumbing. Piles of heavy pipes and metal machine parts lay scattered about on shelves.A dusty purple ribbon was thumbtacked to a door. It said SHOOT THE WORKS in white letters. I gently took it down. The ribbon hangs on my door at home now, and out of context it somehow is not quite so awe-inspiring and mystifying as it once was. However, it does serve its purpose, permanently connecting me to my memories.11 Conclusion: A return to the introduction’s images and some advice All children are tree children, I believe. The basement used to be my tree, the place I could dream in. That last summer I found myself, much to Mike’s disappointment, quite mature, quite adult. Maybe Mike fell from his tree and go t bruised. Climbing down from that tree doesn’t have to be something to be afraid of. One needn’t hide in the tree for fear of touching the ground and forgetting how to climb back up when necessary. I think there is a way to balance the two extremes. Climb down gracefully as you grow up, and if you fall, don’t land in quicksand. I like to think I’m more of a shrubbery child: not so low as to get stuck in the mud and just high enough to look at the sky and make cloud pictures.PROFESSIONAL ESSAY* To help you read this essay analytically, review pages 176–178. For two other professional essays in Part Two that make extensive use of description, see “To Bid the World Farewell” and“Two Ways of Viewing the River.”Still Learning from My MotherCliff SchneiderCliff Schneider is a graduate of Cornell and a retired freshwater fisheries biologist, who worked for the Department of Environmental Conservation in New York. Much of his research and writing has focused on his work studying Lake Ontario. This essay, a personal tribute to his seventy-nine-year -old mother, was first published in the “My Turn” column of Newsweek magazine, in March 2000.1 When I was a young boy growing up on New York’s Long Island in the 1950s, it was common to see boys and their fathers gathering in the roads in front of their homes on warm summer evenings to “have a catch.” That was the term we had for tossing a baseball while we talked about school, jobs and life in general. Although my dad and I had many catches together, my most memorable ones were with my mother. She would happily grab a glove, run out to the road and then fire fast balls at me that cracked my glove and left my hand stinging. She never showed any motherly concern, though, just a broad grin with the tip of her tongue exposed in the corner of her mouth. This was her game face. I can still recall how delighted I was tossing the ball with Mom and hearing the comments from my friends and neighbors: “Where did your mother learn to throw a ball like that?”2 My mother, you see, was a jock long before Title IX unleashed the explosion of modern women’s athletics. She lettered in field hockey and basketball while attending Hofstra University in the late 1930s. This was a time when it wasn’t very fashionable for women to go running after a ball and work up a sweat. Luckily for me, Mom never worried about what was fashionable. She loved sports, loved being active and, most of all, loved the competition. Mom was kind to her kids until we played ball. Then we’d notice this gleam in her e ye, the broad grin and the familiar tongue that told us she was ready for action and ready to have some fun. No matter what game she played, Mom had class. She played hard, she laughed a lot and, win or lose, she was always gracious.3 The years have dimin ished Mom’s physical abilities, as they would have for anyone who is about to become an octogenarian. Her back is a little bent, and she complains occasionally about her hip. Her biggest concession to the aging process, however, is that she has had to lighten up on her bowling ball. As a young mother in suburban bowling leagues she toted a 15-pound ball, carried a 160 average and had a high game of 212. As she’s grown older, her scores have declined. In recent years she’s had to start using an eight-pound ball, which she protests is too light and “doesn’t give enough pin action.”4 For years I have had to listen to my mother’s perennial battle cry as she begins each new bowling season—“This is the year I’m going to bowl a 200 game!” I’ve always smiled and no dded in agreement, which was my way of acknowledging her determination. During our regular Thursday-evening phone conversations (she bowls on Thursdays), she gives me a frame-by-frame description of her games, and gripes that she can’t bowl the way she used to. She almost always slips in the comment “I’m going to make 200 if it kills me.” I try to explain that she should be satisfied that she is at least able to play thegame. “Try to make some concession to your age, Mom,” I say. Of course, she will have n one of this talk and this year bought a 10-pound ball in pursuit of her dream. Vince Lombardi would be proud.5 A week after she started bowling with her new ball, I called to check on her progress. She no sooner said “Hi” than I could tell something big had happened in her life. I could feel the smile all the way from Hendersonville, N.C., to upstate New York. I shouted, “You bowled a 200 game!” knowing it could be the only reason for such a happy voice. She corrected me: “Not a 200 game; I got a 220.” It was her highest score ever! She gave me a strike-by-strike description of her game, and we both celebrated over the phone. As she signed off and said her goodbyes, I could still sense the smile on her face. Her grin will probably fade in another month or two.6 After some reflection, I am amazed by my mother’s accomplishment. Whether it is baseball, tennis, golf or even bowling, I have never heard of anyone’s peaking at 79. Yes, there is some degree of luck in every game,but in Mom’s case she had the best game of her life because she persevered. Mom’s achievement has lifted her spirits and made her feel young again. For someone who is too frequently reminded that she can’t do what she used to, this experience could not have come at a better time in her life. I guess I’m not surprised that I can still learn from Mom—hat you are never too old to dream and never too old to realize those dreams. I am not surprised, either, that in our most recent calls she talks about bowling a 250 game.Questions on Content, Structure, and Style1. Is Schneider’s description of his mother primarily objective or subjective? Cite an example of his language to support your answer.2. Why was his mother’s behavior unusual in the 1950s? What does “before Title IX” (paragraph 2) mean?3. How does Schneider physically describe his mother so that readers can easily imagine those early games of catch? Why does she have “class”?4. Examine some of Schneider’s word choices. What, for example, is the effect of writing that his mother would “fire fast balls at me that cracked my glove and left my hand stinging” (paragraph 1) instead of“mom could throw very hard”?5. What does his mother’s “perennial battle cry” at age 79 reveal about her? Why does Schneider think Vince Lombardi—he football coach who holds the record for the most NFL wins—ould be proud of her?6. What “dominant impression” of his mother does Schneider present in this essay? What are some of the details Schneider provides to help us understand this woman’s character?7. What doe s Schneider’s occasional use of dialogue add to this essay?Why, for example, does he quote his neighbors in paragraph 1 and his mother in paragraphs 3 and 4?8. Why does Schneider organize his essay by starting with a description of his mother’s younger d ays and concluding with a reference to “a250 game”? How does this organization contribute to our understanding of his mother?9. What has Schneider learned from his mother? In what way is this lesson an important part of this essay’s purpose?10. Did Schneider successfully create a picture of his mother? Could you suggest some ways he might improve his description? What language might have been more specific or vivid?Suggestions for WritingTry using Cliff Schneider’s “Still Learning from My Mother” a s a steppingstone to your essay. Describe an unusual-but-wonderful relative or friend you admire for a particular trait. Consider including ample physical details, dialogue, and actions illustrating personality, as Schneider did, to make your description of this person vivid for your reader. Or write a description of an ancestor whose photograph has always intrigued you. What is the dominant impression of this picture? What does this person’s face (and perhaps choice of clothing? ) say to you about his or her character? Perhaps you might choose a photograph (or memory) of yourself on a special occasion. Write a description of yourself using a generous number of specific details and figurative language to capture the dominant impression of the picture.VocabularyTitle IX (2) diminished (3) octogenarian (3) concession (3) toted (3) perennial (4)A REVISION WORKSHEETAs you write your rough drafts, consult Chapter 5 for guidance through the revision process. In addition, here are a few questions to ask yourself as you revise your description:。
中学英语作文类型description
中学英语作文类型description**Description** is a fundamental genre in English writing, especially in secondary school education. It involves the art of representing objects, places, people,or events in a vivid and descriptive manner, aiming toevoke a clear mental image for the reader. In this genre,the writer is expected to capture the essence of thesubject matter through meticulous observation and the useof descriptive language.To master the skill of description, one must possess a keen sense of observation, an understanding of language techniques, and the ability to organize ideas in a logical and coherent manner. Let's delve deeper into the various aspects of writing a descriptive essay.**1. Choosing a Topic**The first step in writing a descriptive essay is selecting a topic. Topics can range from simple objectslike a flower or a pen to complex ones like a festival or a person's personality. It's important to choose a topic that interests you and that you feel passionate about describing.**2. Observing the Subject Matter**Observation is crucial in descriptive writing. Examine your subject closely, noting its appearance, texture, color, shape, and any other physical characteristics that stand out. Additionally, consider its function or significance,if applicable.**3. Organizing Your Thoughts**Before you begin writing, it's essential to organize your thoughts. Decide on the order in which you willpresent the information about your subject. You might wantto start with a general overview and then move on to more specific details, or vice versa.**4. Using Descriptive Language**The key to effective descriptive writing is using vivid and感官性的语言. Employ adjectives, adverbs, andfigurative language to create a vivid picture in thereader's mind. Use similes and metaphors to compare and contrast your subject with familiar objects or experiences. **5. Structuring the Essay**A descriptive essay typically follows the standardessay structure of introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should introduce the subject and give a brief overview of what the essay will cover. The body paragraphs should develop the description in detail, focusing on different aspects of the subject. The conclusion should sum up the main points and leave a lasting impression on the reader.**6. Revising and Editing**After completing the first draft, it's important to revise and edit your work. Check for grammar errors,spelling mistakes, and inconsistencies in language use. Ensure that your description is clear, coherent, and engaging.**中学英语作文类型之“Description”深度解析** “Description”（描述）是英语写作中的一种基础文体，尤其在中学教育中占据重要地位。
英文定义段落写作范例Description
So off they went, driving the country roads of northern Rhode Island on the kind of day only mid－May can produce: sparkling sunshine, unclouded azure skies and vibrant newness of the green growing all around. They went past small villages and burgeoning housing developments, past abandoned apple orchards, back to where trees and brush have devoured old homesteads.于是,他们就出发了,驱车行驶在罗德岛北部的乡村小路上,那种天气只有５月中旬才会有:闪亮的阳光、蔚蓝色的晴空以及生机勃勃、随处可见的绿意.他们穿过一座座小村庄和一座座拔地而起的房屋,穿过废弃的苹果园,来到了树林和灌木丛掩映的老农场.Where they stopped, dense thickets of cedars and junipers and birch crowded the roadway on both sides. There wasn't a lilac bush in sight.他们停下车.车道两边长满了茂盛的雪松、杜松和白桦树.眼前没有一棵紫丁香."Come with me," the man said. "Over that hill is an old cellar hole, from somebody's farm of years ago, and there are lilacs all round it. The man who owns this land said I could poke around here anytime. I'm sure he won't mind if we pick a few lilacs. ""随我来,"那个男人说,"翻过那座小山,有个老地窖,几年前是一个人的农场,四周长满了紫丁香.这块地的主人说我可以随时到这儿来闲逛.我相信,要是我们采几束紫丁香,他不会介意."Before they got halfway up the hill, the fragrance of the lilacs drifted down to them, and the kids started running. Soon, the mother began running, too, until she reached the top.还没等他们到达半山腰,紫丁香的芬芳已经向他们飘了过来.于是,孩子们开始奔跑.不久,那位母亲也开始跑起来,直至到达山顶.There, far from view of passing motorists and hidden from encroaching civilization, were the towering lilacs bushes, so laden with the huge, cone-shaped flower clusters that they almost bent double. With a smile, the young woman rushed up to the nearest bush and buried her face in the flowers, drinking in the fragrance and the memories it recalled.那里,远离了过往司机的视野,避开了纷扰的文明世界,高耸的丁香花丛开满了硕大的圆锥形的串串花束,几乎把花茎压成了两折.那个年轻女人微笑着冲到最近的一处花丛,把脸埋在鲜花中,啜饮着芳香,陶醉在重新唤起的记忆中.While the man examined the cellar hole and tried to explain to the children what the house must have looked like, the woman drifted among the lilacs. Carefully, she chose a sprig here, another one there, and clipped them with her husband's pocket knife. She was in no hurry, relishing each blossom as a rare and delicate treasure.在那个男人察看地窖试图向孩子们解释这座房子必定是什么样子的当儿,那个女人不由自主地走进了紫丁香花丛.她小心翼翼地从这儿摘一枝,那儿挑一束,然后用丈夫的袖珍小刀将它们剪下来.她不慌不忙,像欣赏稀有珍宝似地欣赏着每一朵花Finally, though, they returned to their car for the trip home. While the kids chattered and the man drove, the woman sat smiling, surrounded by her flowers, a faraway look in her eyes.然而,他们终于还是返回了汽车,走上了回家的路.孩子们叽叽喳喳说个不停,那个男人驾着车,那个女人坐在那儿面带微笑,她周围放满了鲜花,眼睛里充满着向往.。
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description英语作文In the 21st century, technology has become an integral partof our daily lives, transforming the way we communicate, work, and learn. The field of education, in particular, has experienced a significant shift due to technological advancements. This essay will explore the impact oftechnology on modern education, focusing on both its advantages and challenges.Firstly, technology has made education more accessible to a broader audience. With the advent of online learning platforms, students from all over the world can now access a wealth of knowledge and resources that were previously only available to a select few. Online courses, webinars, anddigital libraries have broken down geographical barriers, allowing anyone with an internet connection to pursue their educational goals.Secondly, technology has enhanced the learning experience through interactive tools and multimedia content. Interactive whiteboards, educational apps, and virtual realitysimulations are just a few examples of how technology has made learning more engaging and immersive. These tools caterto different learning styles, making education more inclusive and personalized.However, the integration of technology in education also presents certain challenges. One of the primary concerns isthe digital divide, which refers to the gap between those who have access to technology and those who do not. Thisdisparity can exacerbate existing inequalities in education, as students without access to the internet or digital devices may fall behind their peers.Another challenge is the potential for distraction that technology can bring into the classroom. While it can be a powerful educational tool, it can also be a source of distraction, with students potentially becoming more focused on their devices than on the lesson at hand.In conclusion, technology has revolutionized modern education by making it more accessible and engaging. However, it is crucial to address the challenges associated with its use to ensure that it benefits all students equally. Educators and policymakers must work together to bridge the digital divide and create a balanced approach to technology in the classroom that enhances learning without compromising attention and focus.。
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英语作文descriptionIn the tranquil embrace of dawn, the world awakens to the symphony of nature. The sun, a golden orb, rises majestically above the horizon, casting its warm, golden hues across the landscape. The sky, a canvas of pastel hues, transitions from the softest pinks to the deepest blues, heralding the arrival of a new day.As the sun climbs higher, the dew-kissed grass shimmers with a thousand tiny mirrors, reflecting the light and creating a sea of sparkling jewels. The air is fresh and crisp, carrying the sweet scent of blooming flowers and the earthy aroma of damp soil, a testament to the life that thrives beneath the surface.Birds, the natural musicians, begin their melodious serenade, each species contributing its unique tune to the chorus. Their vibrant feathers and agile movements add a splash of color and life to the branches of trees, which sway gently in the morning breeze.The rivers and streams, the lifeblood of the earth, continue their eternal journey, flowing with a rhythmic grace. They meander through forests and fields, providing sustenance to all that dwells within their reach. The gentle lapping of water against the shore is a soothing lullaby to the creatures that call the banks their home.As the day progresses, the sun reaches its zenith, casting long shadows and bathing the world in a brilliant light. The flora and fauna are in full bloom, each species playing its part in the intricate dance of life. The trees stand tall, their leaves a verdant canopy that filters the sunlight, creating a dappled pattern on the ground below.The afternoon brings with it a different mood. The sun's rays are more direct, casting a golden glow on everything they touch. The air is filled with the buzz of insects, the rustle of leaves, and the distant calls of animals. It is a time of activity and motion, as creatures great and small go about their daily routines.As evening approaches, the sky transforms once more, painting the heavens with hues of orange, red, and purple. The sun sets gracefully, dipping below the horizon in a blaze of glory, leaving behind a sky ablaze with the first stars of the night.The night brings a different kind of beauty. The moon, a silver sentinel, watches over the world, casting a gentle glow that illuminates the darkness. The stars twinkle like distant lanterns, guiding the way for nocturnal creaturesthat emerge to explore the world under the cover of darkness.Nature's wonders are a constant reminder of the beauty and complexity of our world. Each day brings new sights and sounds, a fresh opportunity to appreciate the majesty and diversity of life. It is a world that invites us to explore,to learn, and to cherish the delicate balance that sustains us all.。
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英语作文descriptionIn the vast expanse of our planet, nature presents us with an endless array of breathtaking scenes and phenomena. From the towering peaks of the Himalayas to the serene tranquility of a secluded forest, every corner of the Earth is imbued with a sense of awe and wonder.The sun, a radiant orb in the sky, bathes the earth in its warm, golden light. As it rises each morning, it heralds the start of a new day, casting a glow that brings life to every living creature. Its setting, a spectacle of colors, paints the sky with hues of orange, pink, and purple, signaling the end of the day and the onset of night.The oceans, vast bodies of water that cover more than seventy percent of our planet, are teeming with life. Coral reefs, the rainforests of the sea, are vibrant ecosystems where an incredible diversity of marine life thrives. Whales, the gentle giants of the deep, glide through the water with grace and majesty, while schools of fish move in unison, creating mesmerizing patterns.Forests, the lungs of the Earth, are home to countless species of flora and fauna. The towering trees, with their intricate network of branches and leaves, form a canopy that filters sunlight and provides shelter to the creatures below. The sound of rustling leaves and the chirping of birds create a symphony of nature that is both calming and invigorating.Deserts, with their vast stretches of sand and extreme temperatures, may seem barren and lifeless, but they too are teeming with life. Cacti, with their unique adaptations, flourish in the harsh conditions, while nocturnal animalslike the desert fox and the scorpion emerge under the cover of darkness to hunt and forage.Mountains, with their rugged terrain and challenging heights, are a testament to the power of nature. They are a favorite destination for adventurers and nature lovers alike, offering breathtaking views and a sense of accomplishment for those who conquer their peaks.In conclusion, the wonders of nature are a testament to the beauty and diversity of our planet. They inspire us to explore, to learn, and to appreciate the world we live in. As we venture out into the great outdoors, we are reminded of our place in the grand tapestry of life and the importance of preserving these natural wonders for future generations.。
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英语作文descriptionIn the 21st century, technology has become an integral partof our daily lives, transforming the way we communicate, work, and learn. The field of education, in particular, has experienced a significant shift due to technological advancements. This essay aims to explore the impact of technology on modern education, discussing both itsadvantages and challenges.Firstly, technology has made education more accessible to a broader audience. With the advent of online learning platforms, students from all corners of the world can accessa wealth of information and courses that were previously only available to those attending prestigious institutions.Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), for instance, offer free or affordable courses from top universities, democratizing education and allowing individuals to learn at their own pace.Secondly, technology has enhanced the learning experience through interactive tools. Interactive whiteboards,educational apps, and virtual reality simulations are just a few examples of how technology is making learning more engaging and immersive. These tools cater to differentlearning styles, making education more personalized and effective.However, the integration of technology in education is not without its challenges. One of the primary concerns is thedigital divide, where unequal access to technology can exacerbate existing educational inequalities. Students fromlow-income families may lack the necessary devices orinternet access to fully participate in digital learning, putting them at a disadvantage.Another challenge is the potential for distraction. With the internet at their fingertips, students can be easily sidetracked by social media, gaming, and other online distractions, which can detract from their learning.In conclusion, technology has revolutionized modern education by making it more accessible and engaging. However, it is crucial to address the digital divide and ensure that all students can benefit from technological advancements. Additionally, educators must find ways to minimizedistractions and harness the power of technology to enhance learning outcomes. As we continue to navigate the digital age, the role of technology in education will only grow, and it is up to educators, policymakers, and society as a whole to ensure that it is used effectively for the betterment offuture generations.。
Description英文写作
General and Specific Words for Good Description
General :I love the smell of sunshine. Specific: ?Your turn
Critical Reading on Description of an Object
Note: Few descriptions outside of science writing, however, are completely objective.
Ways to develop a description essay
Through the impressions of one’s senses---sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch
Description英文写作
Contents
Definition of description Types of description Ways to develop a description essay
Description of a place Description of an object Description of a person Assignment
Comment on Smells of the Sun by Student
Comment: The description is very imaginative but too abstract. Try to add more concrete examples to show why you like the smell of sun.
Types of description
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So off they went, driving the country roads of northern Rhode Island on the kind of day only mid－May can produce: sparkling sunshine, unclouded azure skies and vibrant newness of the green growing all around. They went past small villages and burgeoning housing developments, past abandoned apple orchards, back to where trees and brush have devoured old homesteads.
于是,他们就出发了,驱车行驶在罗德岛北部的乡村小路上,那种天气只有５月中旬才会有:闪亮的阳光、蔚蓝色的晴空以及生机勃勃、随处可见的绿意.他们穿过一座座小村庄和一座座拔地而起的房屋,穿过废弃的苹果园,来到了树林和灌木丛掩映的老农场.
Where they stopped, dense thickets of cedars and junipers and birch crowded the roadway on both sides. There wasn't a lilac bush in sight.
他们停下车.车道两边长满了茂盛的雪松、杜松和白桦树.眼前没有一棵紫丁香.
"Come with me," the man said. "Over that hill is an old cellar hole, from somebody's farm of years ago, and there are lilacs all round it. The man who owns this land said I could poke around here anytime. I'm sure he won't mind if we pick a few lilacs. "
"随我来,"那个男人说,"翻过那座小山,有个老地窖,几年前是一个人的农场,四周长满了紫丁香.这块地的主人说我可以随时到这儿来闲逛.我相信,要是我们采几束紫丁香,他不会介意."
Before they got halfway up the hill, the fragrance of the lilacs drifted down to them, and the kids started running. Soon, the mother began running, too, until she reached the top.
还没等他们到达半山腰,紫丁香的芬芳已经向他们飘了过来.于是,孩子们开始奔跑.不久,那位母亲也开始跑起来,直至到达山顶.
There, far from view of passing motorists and hidden from encroaching civilization, were the towering lilacs bushes, so laden with the huge, cone-shaped flower clusters that they almost bent double. With a smile, the young woman rushed up to the nearest bush and buried her face in the flowers, drinking in the fragrance and the memories it recalled.
那里,远离了过往司机的视野,避开了纷扰的文明世界,高耸的丁香花丛开满了硕大的圆锥形的串串花束,几乎把花茎压成了两折.那个年轻女人微笑着冲到最近的一处花丛,把脸埋在鲜花中,啜饮着芳香,陶醉在重新唤起的记忆中.
While the man examined the cellar hole and tried to explain to the children what the house must have looked like, the woman drifted among the lilacs. Carefully, she chose a sprig here, another one there, and clipped them with her husband's pocket knife. She was in no hurry, relishing each blossom as a rare and delicate treasure.
在那个男人察看地窖试图向孩子们解释这座房子必定是什么样子的当儿,那个女人不由自主地走进了紫丁香花丛.她小心翼翼地从这儿摘一枝,那儿挑一束,然后用丈夫的袖珍小刀将它们剪下来.她不慌不忙,像欣赏稀有珍宝似地欣赏着每一朵花
Finally, though, they returned to their car for the trip home. While the kids chattered and the man drove, the woman sat smiling, surrounded by her flowers, a faraway look in her eyes.
然而,他们终于还是返回了汽车,走上了回家的路.孩子们叽叽喳喳说个不停,那个男人驾着车,那个女人坐在那儿面带微笑,她周围放满了鲜花,眼睛里充满着向往.。