《全国成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲》(2011年版)专科升本科英语
成人考试_专科起点升本科考试大纲
word soundmark meansmarvellou s [ˈmɑ:vələs]adj.引起惊异的，不可思议的mask[mɑ:sk]vi.化装，戴面具，掩饰 vt.戴面具...mass[mæs]vt.使集合adj.群众的，大规模的...master ['mɑ:stə(r)]v.精通，掌握n.(男)主人，雇主；...match[mætʃ]n.比赛，竞赛material [məˈtɪəriəl]adj.物质的，实体的 n.材料，原料...mathemat ics [ˌmæθəˈmætɪks]n.（用作单）数学；（用作单或复）计算(...maths[mæθs]n.（英式拼法）数学math[mæθ]n.数学matter['mætə(r)]n.事情；问题；麻烦事，毛病mature [mə'tʃʊə(r)]vi.成熟，到期 vt.使成熟；a...payment[ˈpeɪmənt]还，偿还，报应pea[pi:]adj.大小如豌豆的n.豌豆；peace[pi:s]n.和平；和睦；安宁peasant[ˈpeznt]n.农夫，佃农peculiar [pɪ'kju:lɪə(r)]adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的pen[pen]n.钢笔pencil['pensl]n.铅笔penny['penɪ]n.（英）便士，美分people['pi:pl]n.人们，人；（the-）人民；一国人民...license['laɪsns]v.许可，特许 n.执照，许可证，特许...licence[ˈlaɪsns]v.许可；批准 n.证书；许可证，执照...lie[laɪ]vt.说谎；躺 vi.躺；平放；展现；...life[laɪf]n.生活；生命lifetime[ˈlaɪftaɪm]命，使用期限lift[lɪft]vt.举起；抬起 n.电梯；light[laɪt]v.点燃，著火，变亮 adj.轻的，光...lightning['laɪtnɪŋ]vi.打闪 n.闪电，雷电 adj....like[laɪk]n.象...一样 adj.相象的； ...likely['laɪklɪ]adv.或许，可能adj.有可能的，...likewise[ˈlaɪkwaɪz]adv.同样地，照样地；也，又limit['lɪmɪt]n.界限；限度 vt.限制；限定；limited['lɪmɪtɪd]n.高级快车 adj.有限制的，有限的...line[laɪn]n.线；排，行link[lɪŋk]vi.连接起来 vt.连结，联合，挽；...lion['laɪən]文学、占星术]狮子（...lip[lɪp]vt.用嘴唇接触；接吻；〈俚〉轻轻地说，...liquid[ˈlɪkwɪd]adj.液体的，透明的，明亮的，流动的，...list[lɪst]vt.列表，列举 n.目录，名单；清单...loss[lɒs]n.损失，遗失，失败，输，浪费，错过，[...appropriat e [ə'prəʊprɪət]v.拨出，挪用，盗用 adj.适当的，...among[əˈmʌŋ]prep.在…中间，在…之中(三者或三者...after['ɑ:ftə(r)]adv.以后，后来prep.在......afternoon [ˌɑ:ftəˈnu:n]n.下午，午后teət]adj.大约...against[əˈgenst]prep.与…对抗；对着amuse[ə'mju:z]v.娱乐，逗乐，使高兴，使有趣April['eɪprəl]n.四月area['eərɪə]n.地区，区域，面积，方面analysis [əˈnæləsɪs]n.分解，分析，解析age[eɪdʒ]v.（使）变老 n.年龄；时代；老年；...argue['ɑ:ɡju:]vt.辩论，论证；说服，劝说vi.辩...agency['eɪdʒənsɪ]n.经办；代理；代理处argument [ˈɑ:gjumənt]n.辩论，争论，论据，理由analyze['ænəlaɪz]vt.分析，解析(=analyse)again[ə'ɡen]adv.再一次；再，又amount[ə'maʊnt]v.总计，等于 n.数量，总额；ugly['ʌɡlɪ]adj.丑陋的，难看的umbrella[ʌmˈbrelə]n.雨伞；〈比喻〉保护物；[军]空中掩护...uncle['ʌŋkl]n.伯父，叔父，舅父，姑父，姨父competiti on [ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn]n.竞赛，比赛；竞争conservati ve [kənˈsɜ:vətɪv]n.保守的人，保守派 adj.保守的，...cock[kɒk]n.公鸡，雄鸟；旋塞，开关consider [kən'sɪdə(r)]v.考虑；思考；认为complain [kəm'pleɪn]v.抱怨；发牢骚coffee['kɒfɪ]n.咖啡，咖啡豆，咖啡色complete[kəm'pli:t]v.完成，使完整adj.彻底的，完整...considera ble [kənˈsɪdərəbl]adj. 相当多的，相当大的，相当重要的coin[kɔɪn](新词) n.硬...consist[kən'sɪst]vi.由…组成，由…构成；存在于，在于cold[kəʊld]adv.完全地 adj.寒冷的，冷淡的...many['menɪ]pron.许多人或物adj.许多的；...map[mæp]n.地图；图；天体图March[mɑ:tʃ]n.三月margin['mɑ:dʒɪn]n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘mark[mɑ:k]v.做标记于，留意，打分数 n.标志，...market['mɑ:kɪt]n.市场；集市marriage['mærɪdʒ]n.婚姻，密切结合，结婚，婚礼，合并marry['mærɪ]v.嫁；娶；与…结婚marvelous['mɑ:vɪləs]人的，了不起的pay attention.. .[peiəˈtenʃəntu:]n.对...注意；留心preserve[prɪˈzɜ:v]n.蜜饯，果酱，禁猎地，禁区，防护物 ...plate[pleɪt]n.盘子，碟子president [ˈprezɪdənt]n.总统；总裁；校长；院长；会(社)长；...possess[pə'zes]vt.持有，占有，使拥有，克制，支配，迷...press[pres]v.按，压n.新闻界，压力；possible[ˈpɒsəbl]adj.可能的platform ['plætfɔ:m]n.平台，月台，讲台，坛pretend[prɪ'tend]vi.假装，装作 vt.假装，假托，装...possibly[ˈpɒsəbli]adv.可能，也许play[pleɪ]n.游戏；玩耍；剧本 v.玩，做游戏；...post[pəʊst]vt.投寄，邮寄 n.邮政；邮局；pretty['prɪtɪ]adj.可爱的；漂亮的postcard [ˈpəʊstkɑːd]n.明信片，风景明信片prevent[prɪ'vent]v.预防，防止postman ['pəʊstmən]n.邮递员previous[ˈpri:viəs]adv.早先，前面； adj.早先的，...postpone[pə'spəʊn]v.延期，推迟price[praɪs]vt.定格，标价，比较价格 n.价格，...pot[pɒt]v.把...装罐 n.罐，壶；in turn[in tə:n]转而，反过来；依次，轮流insurance [ɪnˈʃʊərəns]n.安全保障；保险，保险业in vain[in vein]徒劳；白辛苦insure[ɪn'ʃʊə(r)]v.保险，给…保险；保证使...得到in advance [in ədˈvɑ:ns]在前面；预先，事先intellectua l [ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl]adj.智力的，理智的，有理解力的n...instead of [inˈstedɔv]代替，而不是...in all[in ɔ:l]总共，一共，合计intelligenc e [ɪn'telɪdʒəns]n.智力，聪明，智能；情报in any case [in ˈenikeis]无论如何，不管怎样intelligent [ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt]adj.聪明的，伶俐的，有才智的in brief[in bri:f]简而言之，总（而言）之intend[ɪn'tend]vt.想要，打算；打算使…为；意指，意思...in case[in keis]以便；便于intense[ɪn'tens]adj.认真的，专注的；强烈的；紧张的；...in case of[in keis ɔv]防备interrupt [ˌɪntə'rʌpt]vt.&vi.打断；中断；插嘴in half[in hɑ:f]成两半interview['ɪntəvju:]v.接见，会谈 n.面谈，访问，接见；in honour of [in ˈɔnəɔv]为向...表示敬意；为庆祝...；为纪念...undergrou nd [ˌʌndə'ɡraʊnd]adv.在地下，秘密地 adj.地下的...understan ding [ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ]adj.能谅解的；宽容的；通情达理的...undo[ʌn'du:]vt.解开，松开；取消，撤销unexpecte d [ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd]adj.想不到的，意外的uniform ['ju:nɪfɔ:m]n.制服；校服unique[jʊ'ni:k]adj.独一无二的，独特的；罕见的unit['ju:nɪt]n.单位，单元，部件，元件，装置unite[jʊ'naɪt](使)统一；...universal [ˌju:nɪˈvɜ:sl]adj.宇宙的，全世界的；普遍的，一般的...universe[ˈju:nɪvɜ:s]n.宇宙；世界university [ˌju:nɪ'vɜ:sətɪ]n.大学fish[fɪʃ]vi.捕鱼，钓鱼；用钩捞取 vt.钓鱼...forever [fər'evə(r)]adv.(=forever)永远；总是fisherman[ˈfiʃəˌmən]n.([复数]fisher men)渔夫，...forget[fə'ɡet]vi.忘记 vt.忘记，忽略，忘；forgive[fə'ɡɪv]vt(forgave , forgiven...fit[fɪt]n.适宜；发作；一阵 v.适合；安装；...fork[fɔ:k]v.叉起，耙，成叉状 n.叉，叉状物；five[faɪv]pron.&adj.五(个，只...) ...form[fɔ:m]式，形状，...remark[rɪ'mɑ:k]vi.评论，谈论 vt.评论，注意，谈...retain[rɪ'teɪn]vt.保持，保留；记住remarkabl e [rɪˈmɑ:kəbl]adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意...retire[rɪ'taɪə(r)]n.隐居，撤退号 vt.撤退，辞退； ...remember [rɪ'membə(r)]vi.记得 vt.记得，记住；记录，纪...retreat[rɪ'tri:t]v.撤退，向后倾 n.休息寓所，撤退，...remind[rɪ'maɪnd]vt.提醒，使想起；使发生联想return[rɪ'tɜ:n]n.返回，归来；偿还，归还；回复vt...reject['ri:dʒekt]vt.拒绝，抵制，否决 n.被拒之人，...relate[rɪ'leɪt]v.讲，叙述，使联系，有关系relation[rɪˈleɪʃn]n.关系，亲戚；参考，陈述，故事relative[ˈrelətɪv]n.亲戚，亲属 adj.相对的，比较的...relax[rɪ'læks]v.放松；轻松release[rɪ'li:s]vt.发布，发表，发行；释放，放开reliable[rɪˈlaɪəbl]adj.可信赖的；可靠的relief[rɪˈli:f]n.减轻，解除，救济，安慰，调剂，浮雕，...relieve[rɪ'li:v]v.缓解，减轻，解除(痛苦、忧虑、麻烦)religion[rɪˈlɪdʒən]n.宗教，信仰；信念，关心的事rest[rest]vt.使休息vi.搁(在)，休息； ...remote[rɪ'məʊt]adj.遥远的，僻远的；细微的，稀少的，...pull in[pul in]（车）停下，（车）进站，（船）到岸pull out[pul aut]拔出，抽出，取出；（车，船等）驶出；（车...prison['prɪzn]n.监狱(禁)；拘留所proof[pru:f]vt.检验，给...做防护措施 n.校...proper['prɒpə(r)]adj.正当的，正确的，合适的put aside [putəˈsaid]保留；把...放在一边，暂不考虑prisoner['prɪznə(r)]n.俘虏，囚犯，被监禁的人property['prɒpətɪ]n.财产，所有物，所有权，性质，特性，（...put away [putəˈwei]放下，收起来，把...放在原位private['praɪvət]adj.私人的，私有的，个人的proportion[prəˈpɔ:ʃn]n.比率，比例；大小prize[praɪz]v.珍视，捕获 n.奖，奖品，战利品；put down[put daun]镇压，平定；记下，写下proposal [prəˈpəʊzl]n.提议，建议；求婚probably[ˈprɒbəbli]adv.大概，或许，很可能put forward [putˈfɔ:wəd]提出；建议；推荐propose[prə'pəʊz]v.提出，建议；提名，推荐problem[ˈprɒbləm]n.问题；难题put into prac...[put ˈɪntuːˈpræktis]实施，实行prospect ['prɒspekt]n.前景，前途；景色，视野fix[fɪks]v.使...固定，修理，准备front[frʌnt]v.面对，朝向 n.前面，正面；前线；...formal['fɔ:ml]adj.正式的，正规的，形式的flag[flæɡ]n.旗帜，标志(记)，特征(位)former[ˈfɔ:mə(r)]n.形成者，模型，样板adj.从前的...fruit[fru:t]n.水果flat[flæt]n.（英）公寓住宅；单元住宅adj....forth[fɔ:θ]adv.向前；向外，往外fry[fraɪ]n.油炸食品；鱼苗，小生物，小东西 v...flexible[ˈfleksəbl]adj.易曲的，灵活的，柔软的，能变形的...fortnight[ˈfɔ:tnaɪt]n.两星期，十四天coarse[kɔ:s]adj.粗的，粗糙的；粗劣的；粗俗的compare [kəm'peə(r)]vi.相比vt.(to，with)比...conseque nce [ˈkɔnsikwəns]n.结果，后果；推理，推断；重要性compass['kʌmpəs]n.指南针，罗盘；圆规；范围，界限coast[kəʊst]vi.下滑 vt.沿海岸而行； n....conseque ntly [ˈkɔnsikwəntli]adv.因此，因而，所以coat[kəʊt]n.外衣，外套；上衣compete[kəm'pi:t]vi.竞争；比赛conservati on [ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn]n.保存，保持，守恒per[pə(r)]adj.高的，过的，全的adv.每次...percent[pə'sent]n.百分之... adj.&adv.百...player['pleɪə(r)]戏的人，选手，队员，比赛...poverty[ˈpɔvəti]n.贫穷，贫困，贫乏，缺少program ['prəʊɡræm]v.规划，拟...计划，制作节目 n....prior to[ˈpraiə tu:]在前，居先，比...在先perfect['pɜ:fɪkt]vt.使完美，修改adj.完美的，全...perform[pə'fɔ:m]v.演出，表演performa nce [pə'fɔ:məns]n.履行，执行；性能，特性；表演，演出perhaps[pəˈhæps]adv.也许，可能period[ˈpɪəriəd]n.学时，课时；一段时间，时期，周期；句...permanen t ['pɜ:mənənt]adj.永久的，不变的，固定的permit[pə'mɪt]vi.容许 vt.允许，容许； n....persist[pə'sɪst]持不懈，执意person['pɜ:sn]n.人personal[ˈpɜ:sənl]adj.个人的，私人的；本人的；身体的，...playgroun d ['pleɪɡraʊnd]n.操场，运动场personnel [ˌpɜ:səˈnel]n.[总称]人员，员工，人事部门pleasant['pleznt]vt.使高兴vi.满意，喜欢；a...persuade[pə'sweɪd]adj.空闲的，有闲的 v.说服，劝说...please[pli:z]vi.使人满意，讨好；愿意；敬请vt...pet[pet]adj.宠爱的；表示亲昵的 n.宠物；...pleasure['pleʒə(r)]n.愉快，快乐，高兴，乐事，乐趣，意志，...petrol[ˈpetrəl]n.（英）汽油（[美]gas oline）phase[feɪz]vt.逐步执行，实行，按计划进行n....plentiful[ˈplentɪfl]adj.富裕的，丰富的plenty['plentɪ]pron.充分，够多n.充足，大量；...phenome non [fə'nɒmɪnən]n.现象，特殊的人，特殊的事物，奇迹plot[plɒt]vi.密谋，策划 vt.划分，绘图，密...philosophy[fə'lɒsəfɪ]n.哲学，人生观，原理plunge[plʌndʒ]v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲cabbage[ˈkæbɪdʒ]n.甘蓝（洋白菜、卷心菜）；植物人，常用...cable['keɪbl]vt.电汇，打电报 n.缆绳，索；电缆...cake[keɪk]n.饼，糕，蛋糕，点心calculate ['kælkjʊleɪt]vt.计算，核算；估计，推测；计划，打算calendar ['kælɪndə(r)]n.日历，月历call[kɔ:l]v.喊；叫；打电话calm[kɑ:m]v.平静下来，镇静adj.平静的，冷...camel['kæml]n.骆驼camera['kæmərə]n.照相机，摄相机camp[kæmp]vi.露营，扎营 n.宿营；野营；营地...campaign [kæm'peɪn]vi.参加运动；进行竞选；作战 n.运...campus['kæmpəs]n.大学校园，学校校园；大学can[kæn]n.罐头aux.能，会；可以；可能Canada['kænədə]n.加拿大（北美洲）Canadian [kəˈneɪdiən]n.加拿大人 adj.加拿大人的；加拿...canal[kə'næl]vt.开运河n.运河；水道；管；沟渠...cancel['kænsl]vi.抵消 vt.取消，删去，约分； ...cancer ['kænsə(r)]n.癌症；巨蟹座，巨蟹宫，出生于巨蟹宫时...candidate [ˈkændɪdət]n.候选人；候补者；投考者，申请求职者wear[weə(r)]vt.穿，戴weather['weðə(r)]n.天气，气候，气象；经历...而幸存in no case 无论如何不，决不in no time [in nəʊtaim]立刻；马上in no way 决不，无论如何不under[ˈʌndə(r)]adv.在下面；少于prep.在…下...just[dʒʌst]adv.仅仅，只是；刚刚just now [dʒʌstnau]现在，眼下；刚才；才不久back[bæk]adv.回（原处）；向后bad[bæd]adj.坏的，不健康的，不利的badly[ˈbædli]adv.非常，严重地；坏地，差地，拙劣地ball[bɔ:l]n.球，球状物；舞会balloon[bə'lu:n]n.气球banana[bə'nɑ:nə]n.香蕉；芭蕉属植物voice[vɔɪs]n.说话声；声音alive[ə'laɪv]adj.活着的any['enɪ]adj.任何的；所有的all[ɔ:l]pron.&n.全部adj.&adv.. .ash[æʃ]n.灰，灰烬serious[ˈsɪəriəs]adj.认真的，严肃的，重大的，严重的shortly[ˈʃɔ:tli]adv.立即，不久；简略地，简言之servant[ˈsɜ:vənt]n.仆人，有用物，公务员，雇员shot[ʃɒt]vbl.射击，发出，发芽v.射击，发...serve[sɜ:v]v.服务，供职；伺候，招待；适用；服役service['sɜ:vɪs]vt.维护，保养 n.服务，公务部门，...skirt[skə:t]n.裙子should[ʃəd]v.应当，应该set[set]int.（发令起跑）开始 adj.固定...sky[skaɪ]n.天；天空shoulder [ˈʃəʊldə(r)]n.肩，肩部herself[hɜ:ˈself]pron.她自己hesitate['hezɪteɪt]vi.犹豫，迟疑，踌躇，支吾hide[haɪd]避；剥…...high[haɪ]adv.高高地 adj.高的，高度的，...highly[ˈhaɪli]adv.高度地，极，非常；非常赞许地highway['haɪweɪ]n.公路，大路；（美）高速公路hill[hɪl]vt.作成土堆，堆成小丘 n.小山，丘...weapon['wepən]vt.武装 n.武器，兵器；Wednesday[ˈwenzdeɪ]n.星期三week[wi:k]n.星期，周Weekly adv.一星期一次，每周 n.周刊，周...weep[wi:p]vt.哭着使，悲叹，滴下vi. 哭泣...weigh[weɪ]vi.有重量，有影响；重压；下锚vt...weight[weɪt]n.重量，体重，重担welcome['welkəm]的；令人...welfare ['welfeə(r)]n.幸福，福利，安康well[wel]adv.很好地，适当地 adj.健康的...west[west]n.西；西方western['westən]adj.西方的，西洋的，西部的 n.西...wet[wet]vt.弄湿 v.（使）弄湿； n.潮...mode[məʊd]n.方式，样式，模式，风格，时兴；[音乐...middle['mɪdl]adj.中间的，中等的model['mɒdl]v.做模型，塑造，模仿adj.模范的...midnight['mɪdnaɪt]n.午夜moderate [ˈmɒdərət]n.稳健的人 v.节制，使...稳定，...might[maɪt]v.可以；应该 n.力气；力量；威力；...modern[ˈmɔdən]n.现代人，现代主义者；时髦人士；[印]...mild[maɪld]adj.温暖的，暖和的，（天气，尤指冬天...get[ɡet]v.获得，得到；使，使得；变得，成为；到...giant['dʒaɪənt]n.巨人，大力士，巨大的怪物 adj....gift[ɡɪft]v.赠送，授予，使有天赋 n.礼物，礼...girl[ɡɜ:l]n.女孩子，姑娘；女儿give[ɡɪv]vt.给；递给；给予；付出glad[ɡlæd]adj. 高兴的，乐意的glance[ɡlɑ:ns]vt.扫视，反射，使掠过 vi.扫视，...glass[ɡlɑ:s]vi.成玻璃状 vt.给某物加玻璃；反...globe[ɡləʊb]物；地球...glorious[ˈglɔ:riəs]adj.美丽的，辉煌的；荣耀的glory['ɡlɔ:rɪ]v.自豪，得意，狂喜 n.光荣，荣誉；...glove[glʌv]vt.给...戴手套 n.手套；minority [maɪ'nɒrətɪ]adj.少数的，属于少数派的n.少数...mother['mʌðə(r)]vt.像母亲般地照顾；养育；溺爱n....mystery[ˈmɪstri]n.神秘，奥秘，秘密，玄妙，不可思议的事make for[meik fɔ:]走向，朝...前进，促成，有助于minus['maɪnəs]prep.减，缺 adj.减的，负的，...motion['məʊʃn]v.运动，向...打手势，示意n.打...make fun of [meik fʌnɔv]取笑；嘲笑motive['məʊtɪv]机，目的...make one's wa...[meikwʌnz wei]（很困难，很缓慢地）前进mister['mɪstə(r)]n.(略作Mr.全称很少用于书面)先生meter['mi:tə(r)]v.以计量器计量 n.公尺；韵律；计量...method['meθəd]n.方法，办法；类函数，类成员函数(计算...Mr.[ˈmɪstə]n.先生（用于姓名前）metre['mi:tə(r)]n.（诗的）韵律，格律；（=meter ）...mistress['mɪstrəs]n.（文学用语）使男子为之倾倒的女人，女...Mrs.[ˈmɪsɪz]n.(缩)夫人，太太micropho ne [ˈmaɪkrəfəʊn]n.扩音器，麦克风，话筒misunders tand [ˌmɪsʌndə'stænd]vt.误解，误会microscop e [ˈmaɪkrəskəʊp]vt.仔细检查，放大，夸大n.显微镜...mix[mɪks]v.混合，弄混，与；（计算机）混合 n...wash[wɒʃ]vi.洗澡 vt.冲刷，洗；冲出； ...waste[weɪst]v.浪费；滥用watch[wɒtʃ]v.看，注视，照顾n.手表；water['wɔ:tə(r)]vi.流泪，加水 vt.浇灌；给…饮水...wave[weɪv]vt.挥手表示；挥舞；使…略呈波形；烫（...way[weɪ]n.路，道路；方法，手段we[wɪ]pron．我们（主格）weak[wi:k]adj.虚弱的wealth[welθ]产，丰富，富裕，大量mine[maɪn]pron.我的more[mɔ:(r)]n.更多；附加，添加 pron.更多的...minimum ['mɪnɪməm]n.最小量，最低限度 adj.最低的，...moreover [mɔ:rˈəʊvə(r)]adv.再有，此外，而且my[maɪ]pron.(I的所有格)我的morning['mɔ:nɪŋ]n.早上；上午minister ['mɪnɪstə(r)]vi.服侍，救助，主持圣事 n.部长，...myself[maɪˈself]pron.我自己minor['maɪnə(r)]vi.辅修 n.辅修学科；adj....mysteriou s [mɪˈstɪəriəs]adj.神秘的，难解的，不可思议的most[məʊst]n.最大限度；大部分；大多数人 adj...glow[ɡləʊ]体)发热 n.白热...go[ɡəʊ]n.（牌戏、下棋等中）轮到的顺序；精力；...goal[ɡəʊl]n.(足球)球门；得分goat[ɡəut]n.山羊，替罪羊；坏人，色鬼god[ɡɒd]n.上帝，神；被极度崇拜的人或物gold[ɡəʊld]adj.金的，金制的 n.金，黄金；金...golden['ɡəʊldən]adj.金（黄）色的；金质的；美好的good[ɡʊd]adv.同well n.好处，利益；善...reference['refrəns]n.提到，说到，暗示，查看，查阅reflect[rɪ'flekt]考，考虑；指责，怀疑...reflection[rɪˈflekʃn]n.映象，倒影；反射；反映；非议；深思reform[rɪ'fɔ:m]vi.革新，改过，重组 vt.改革，改...refrigerat or [rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə(r)]n.冰箱refuse[rɪ'fju:z]n.废物，垃圾 v.拒绝；regard[rɪ'ɡɑ:d]v.视为，注意，和...有关n.关心...region['ri:dʒən]n.地区，地带，区域；范围，幅度register ['redʒɪstə(r)]v.登记，注册 n.登记簿，花名册，注...regret[rɪ'ɡret]v.为...感到遗憾，后悔，惋惜 n....regular [ˈregjələ(r)]adj.有规律的，有规则的，整齐的，正规...rule[ruːl]v.统治 n.规则；slave[sleɪv]vi.拼命工作 n.奴隶，附件，卑鄙的...shout[ʃaʊt]vt.高喊 vi.呼喊，喊叫，嚷；...settle['setl]vt.使定居；安排；解决vi.安家；...sleep[sli:p]n.睡眠 vi.睡，睡觉；seven[ˈsevn]num.七，七个(人或物)show[ʃəʊ]n.展览（会）；演出，节目 v.出示；...sleeve[sli:v]n.袖子，袖套shower['ʃaʊə(r)]v.淋浴，淋湿，下骤雨 n.阵雨，淋浴...seventeen [ˌsevnˈti:n]num.十七wage[weɪdʒ]vi.在进行中 vt.开展，进行； ...wait[weɪt]n.等候，等待时间v.（for）等待...waiter[ˈweɪtə(r)]n.(餐厅)服务员，侍者wake[weɪk]n.醒；守夜；尾迹，痕迹vi.醒来，...walk[wɔ:k]n.&v.步行，散步wall[wɔ:l]adj.墙壁的 vt.&vi.筑墙围住...wander ['wɒndə(r)]vi.漫步，徘徊；迷路，迷失方向；偏离正...want[wɔnt]v.需要，想要war[wɔ:(r)]vi.作战 n.战争；warm[wɔ:m]adj.温暖的，暖和的warn[wɔ:n]vi.提醒 vt.警告，注意，远离；religious[rɪˈlɪdʒəs]n.修道士，出家人 adj.宗教性的，...restaurant['restrɒnt]n.餐馆，饭店，菜馆reluctant[rɪˈlʌktənt]adj.不愿意的；迟迟不合作的；不同意的rely[rɪ'laɪ]vi.依赖，依靠；信赖，信任restrict[rɪ'strɪkt]n.&vt.限制，限定，约束remain[rɪ'meɪn]vi.保持，逗留，剩余，残存result[rɪ'zʌlt]v.产生，起于，致使 n.结果，成绩，...heel[hi:l]vi.紧随，用脚后跟传球 vt.尾随，...height[haɪt]n.高度，高处hello[hə'ləʊ]int.（英）（美）喂，你好（用来打招呼...hullo[hə'ləʊ]int.喂help[help]v.帮助，帮忙helpful[ˈhelpfl]adj.有帮助的，有用的，hen[hen]n.母鸡，雌禽hence[hens]adv.因此，所以；从此，今后her[hə(r)]pron.(宾格)她；她的here[hɪə(r)]刻，这时hero['hɪərəʊ]n.英雄；男主角；男主人公humor['hju:mə]n.(humour )幽默，诙谐hers[hɜ:z]pron.她的（名词性）what[wɒt]adj.多么，何等；什么；尽可能多的 ...whatever [wɒt'evə(r)]pron.无论什么 adv.无论如何，...wheat[wi:t]n.小麦wheel[wi:l]v.旋转，装以车轮，转动n.轮子，周...when[wen]conj.那时；然后；而adv.&p...original[ə'rɪdʒənl]adj.最初的，原始的；有独创性的other['ʌðə(r)]adj.另外的，其他的once more [wʌnsmɔ:]再一次，又一次otherwise[ˈʌðəwaiz]的方法；在其他方面；要...one another [wʌn əˈnʌðər]互相ought[ɔ:t]n.责任aux.应该，大概； v.or else[ɔ: els]否则；要不然our['aʊə(r)]pron.我们的（we的所有格）or so[ɔ: səʊ]大约...，...上下other than 不同于，非；除了ours[ɑ:z]pron.我们的(名词性)out of[aut ɔv]从...里；离开；在...之外；出于；缺...ourselves[ɑ:ˈselvz]pron.我们自己out of breath [aut ɔv breθ]喘不过气来，上气不接下气out[aʊt]adj.外面的，往外去的 adv.出去...out of contro...[aut ɔvkənˈtrəul]失去控制out of date [aut ɔvdeit]过时的，不用的outcome[ˈaʊtkʌm]n.结果，出口，演变out of order [aut ɔvˈɔ:də]运转不正常，出毛病outline['aʊtlaɪn]v.描画轮廓，描述要点 n.大纲，轮廓...advise[əd'vaɪz]vi. 提意见，商量vt.劝告，通知...applicatio n [ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn]n.申请，请求，申请书；应用，实施，实用...always['ɔ:lweɪz]adv.总是，无例外地；永远，始终affair[ə'feə(r)]n.事情，事务；恋爱事件，外遇apply[ə'plaɪ]vi.申请；有关联 vt.使专心从事；...affect[ə'fekt]n. 自觉感情;【联想记忆】af(to)...A.M.abbr.(ante meridiem 的...amaze[ə'meɪz]惊奇afraid[əˈfreɪd]adj.害怕的，恐惧的；犯愁的，不乐意的appreciate[ə'pri:ʃɪeɪt]vi.增值 vt.领会，充分意识；...Africa['æfrɪkə]n.非洲America[ə'merɪkə]n.美国，美洲African[ˈæfrɪkən]n.非洲人，非洲居民 adj.非洲的American [əˈmerɪkən]n.美国人，美洲人 adj.美国(洲)...appoint[ə'pɔɪnt]vt.任命，指派，委派，分派，分配；给…...medical[ˈmedɪkl]adj.医学的；医疗的medicine[ˈmedsn]vt.给…用药 n.药，医学，内科，内...medium['mi:dɪəm]adj.适中的，中等的 n.媒体，方法...even if[ˈi:vən if]即使；纵然；虽然except[ɪk'sept]prep.除了...之外，若不是，除非...exception[ɪkˈsepʃn]n.例外,除外even so [ˈi:vənsəʊ]虽然这样，然而，不过excess[ɪkˈses]adj.过量的，附加的 n.过量，过度...ever since[ˈevə sins]此后一直，从那时起一直every now and...[ˈevri nauænd ðen]时常，不时，间或exchange [ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ]v.交换，交易，兑换 n.交换，汇兑，...every other [ˈevri ˈʌðə(r]每隔一个的excite[ɪk'saɪt]v.刺激，使...兴奋，激励except for [ikˈseptfɔ:]除了...之外exciting[ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ]v.刺激（excite 的现在分词） a...exclude[ɪk'sklu:d]v.阻止...进入；把...排除在外excuse[ɪk'skju:s]vt.原谅；为…辩解；使…免去 n.理...execute['eksɪkju:t]vt.执行，实行，实现，实施；处死，处决executive [ɪɡ'zekjətɪv]n.执行者，行政官，经理adj.执行...exercise['eksəsaɪz]v.练习，运动，运用 n.练习，作业，...exert[ɪɡ'zɜ:t]vt.用（力），尽（力），运用，发挥，施...exhaust[ɪɡ'zɔ:st]vt.使衰竭，使筋疲力尽；用尽，耗尽，用...exhibition[ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn]n.展览；展览会allow for[əˈlau fɔ:]考虑到，顾及，为...留余地audience[ˈɔ:diəns]n.听众，观众，读者；谒见，接见；倾听，...and so on [ænd səʊɔn]等等；诸如此类August[ˈɔ:gəst]n.八月anything but [ˈeniθiŋbʌt]单单除...之外；根本不，决不apart from [əˈpɑ:tfrɔm]除都...；...（尚有）aunt[ɑ:nt]n.姨母，姑母，伯母，婶母，舅母，阿姨as...as...与…一样Australia[ɒ'streɪlɪə]n.澳洲，澳大利亚as a matter o...[æz ə ˈmætə ɔv fækt]事实上；其实Australian [ɒˈstreɪliən]n.澳大利亚人 adj.澳洲的；澳大利...as a rule[æz ə ru:l]通常，一般说来author['ɔ:θə(r)]vt.创造，写作 n.作者，创造者；authority[ɔ:ˈθɒrəti]n.当局，官方；权力，权威，威信；当权者as far as [æz fɑ: æz]（表示程度，范围）就...；尽...automatic [ˌɔ:tə'mætɪk]adj.自动的；不经思考的，习惯性的；当...as follows如下afford[ə'fɔ:d]vt.提供，负担得起的(后果，损失等)，...appear[ə'pɪə(r)]vi.出现，出场，出席，露面；似乎，好像...astonish[ə'stɒnɪʃ]vt.使惊讶，使吃惊realize['ri:əlaɪz]vi. 变卖为现金 vt.认识到；了解...maximum ['mæksɪməm]adj.最高的，最大极限的；n.极点...may[meɪ]v.&aux.可能；可以；祝maybe[ˈmeɪbi]adv.可能，大概，也许me[mi:]pron.我(I 的宾语)meal[mi:l]vi.进餐 n.膳食，一餐，谷物粗粉；mean[mi:n]v.意指；指示meaning[ˈmi:nɪŋ]vt.意味(mean的现在分词)；意思是...means[mi:nz]v.意味着（ mean 的第三人称单数）；...meantime [ˈmi:ntaɪm]adv.同时，当时n.其时，其间；meanwhil e [ˈmi:nwaɪl]n.其时，其间 adv.当时，在那当中...miserable[ˈmɪzrəbl]adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的mutual ['mju:tʃʊəl]adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的measure[ˈmeʒə(r)]vt.测量；测度 n.尺寸；措施；meat[mi:t]n.(猪、牛、羊等的)肉mechanic [mə'kænɪk]n.技工，机(械)工，机修工mechanic al [məˈkænɪkl]adj.机械(学)的；力学的；机械似的；...solve[sɒlv]vt.解答，解决 v.解答(难题)，解...site[saɪt]vt.定位；（指INTERNET 上的某台...some[səm]pron.一些adj.几个；一些，有...ache[eɪk]vi.痛，哀怜，渴望n.疼痛；achieve[ə'tʃi:v]vi.达到目的 vt.完成，达到，实现...achievem ent [əˈtʃi:vmənt]n.完成，达到；成就，成绩acquainta nce [ə'kweɪntəns]n.认识，相识，了解；相识的人，熟人acquire [ə'kwaɪə(r)]vt.获得，取得；学到across[əˈkrɔs]prep.穿过，横过adv.横过，使...act[ækt]v.行动，扮演，下判决 n.行为，行动...action['ækʃn]n.动作；情节；作用；举动active[ˈæktɪv]adj.活跃的，积极的activity[æk'tɪvətɪ]n.活动actor['æktə(r)]n.男演员；行动者actress[ˈæktrəs]n.女演员actual[ˈæktʃuəl]adj.真实的；实在的；实际的adapt[ə'dæpt]vt.使适应；改编add[æd]vi. 加，加起来；增添 vt.增加；...addition[əˈdɪʃn]n.加法；附加，附加物，增加部分，加additional[ə'dɪʃənl]adj.添加的，额外的，另外的automobil e [ˈɔ:təməbi:l]n.汽车，机动车as for[æz fɔ:]至于；关于auto['ɔ:təʊ]n.(=autom obile)(口语)汽...whenever [wenˈevə(r)]conj.每当，无论何时，随时 adv...where[hwɛə]pron.哪里adv. 在哪里；wherever [weərˈevə(r)]conj.无论什么地方，各处，处处a...whether[ˈweðə(r)]conj.是否…，是不是…；是否…，是不...which[wɪtʃ]pron.哪一个 int.哪个； a...whichever [wɪtʃˈevə(r)]adj.（究竟）哪个，哪些pron....while[waɪl]n.一会儿conj.当…的时候；而；...whisper['wɪspə(r)]vt.低声说vi.耳语，密谈，飒飒地...white[waɪt]n.白色；白种人adj.白色的；苍白...who[hu:]pron.谁；…的人whole[həul]adj.整整的；全部的；完整的wrong[rɒŋ]adj.错误的，有毛病的whom[hu:m]pron.谁（who的宾格）whose[hu:z]pron.谁的why[waɪ]adv.为什么wide[waɪd]adv.广大地，全部地 adj.广泛的...wife[waɪf]n.妻子，太太；夫人，老婆；已婚妇女wild[waɪld]n.荒野adj.放荡的；未开发的，野...will[wɪl]n.意志；决心；愿望 aux.&v.将...wait for[weit fɔ:]等候，等待single['sɪŋɡl]adj.单人的；单一的，单个的；未婚的，...soft[sɒft]n.柔软的东西 adv.柔软地，温和地...singular [ˈsɪŋgjələ(r)]n.单数adj.个人的，单数的，独一...。
《全国成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲》(2011年版)专科升本科 英语
全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲专科升本科《英语》总要求考生应掌握基本的英语语言基础知识并具备一定的语言运用能力，包括基本的语音、语法和词汇，一定的阅读理解、口语交际以及初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容一、语音考生应能掌握下列语音规则：1．元音字母在单词中的读音；2．辅音字母在单词中的读音；3．常见字母组合的读音。
二、词汇考生应掌握约3 800个英语单词的基本用法和相应的常用词组。
三、语法考生应掌握下列基本语法规则：（一）词法1．名词名词的分类，名词的数，名词的所有格，名词在句中的作用2．冠词冠词（定冠词、不定冠词）的基本用法，冠词的习惯用法及冠词的省略3．代词人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词的用法；“it”作非人称代词、作引导词的用法。
4．数词基数词、序数词和分数词的构成及其用法。
5．形容词形容词的基本用法及其比较级6．副词副词的基本用法及其比较级7．介词常用介词和介词短语的用法8．动词（1）动词的分类：及物动词与不及物动词；连系动词；助动词；情态动词。
（2）动词的基本形式：规则动词和不规则动词的形式变化。
（3）动词主要时态的构成、用法及时态的呼应；谓语动词与主语的一致关系。
（4）情态动词的基本用法。
（5）非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的形式及其主要用法。
（6）被动语态的构成及其基本用法。
（7）虚拟语气的常见形式及其基本用法。
9．连词并列连词及其用法，从属连词及其用法10．感叹词感叹词及其用法（二）句法1．五种基本句型（1）主语 + 谓语动词（2）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语（3）主语 + 连系动词 + 表语（4）主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语（5）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语2．句子按用途分类：（1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式）的构成及其用法（2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）的构成及其用法（3）祈使句的构成及其用法（4）感叹句的构成及其用法3．句子按结构分类：（1）简单句（2）并列句（3）复合句①主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的构成及其常用关联词②定语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词③状语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词（三）构词法1．派生法：常用前缀和后缀2．合成法3．转换法四、阅读考生应能读懂各种题材(包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政经、文化等)和体裁(包括记叙文、说明文、描写文、议论文、应用文等)、生词量不超过所读材料2％的文字材料。
【专升本】2011年英语
绝密★启封前2011年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试英语答案必须答在答题卡上指定的位置，答在试卷上无效．．．．．．．。
本试卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。
选择题I．Phonetics(5 points)Directions：In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. A. lamb B. bombing C. comb D. ambition2. A. guilt B. build C. guide D. guitar3. A. laugh B. weigh C. tough D. rough4. A. theater B. threat C. thread D. treasure5. A. grand B. gravity C. gratitude D. gratefulII. Vocabulary and Structure (15 points)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. There aren't many wild pandas ______ in the world today.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. lived7. ______ I could say anything more. Holmes had rushed off towards the door.A.BeforeB.AfterC.WhenD.As8.Since you feel so strongly about this matter, you should make your views ______ to other committee members..A. knowB. knowingC. being known D known9. They demanded that the government ______ all political prisoners in the next two days.A. freeB. freedC. will freeD. would free10. Nelson is a creative liar who is always making ______ unusual excuses for not doing his work.A. acrossB. awayC. offD. up11.--I didn't go to class last night because my car broke down.-- You _____ mine. I wasn't using it.A. could borrowB. may borrowC. could have borrowedD. may have borrowed12.In our view, the root ______ of the crime problem is poverty and unemployment.A. solutionB. reasonC. causeD. fact13.You mustn't go unless either your father or I ______ with you.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. has come14.There are ______ fewer custom tailors and dressmakers in the U.S. than in European countries.A. soB. veryC. farD. too15.In the first semester, I asked my teacher _______.A. what courses should I takeB. what courses I should takeC.I should take what coursesD. Should I take what courses16. After the party, we had to tidy up the kitchen, which was a (n) _____ mess.A. exactB. entireC. definiteD. complete17. Their experiment ______, Tom and Mary set out to write the report on the results.A. doneB. to be doneC. being doneD. will be done18.A newspaper headline concerning new energy development ______ his attention and he was much interested in making investment in it.A. gaveB. caughtC. turnedD. paid19.Would you please let me finish my words? Don't _______ in the middle of a sentence.A. put me offB. cut me offC. keep me offD. get me off20.-- Have you ever played bridge?--Yes. We ______ on weekends when I was in college.A. would have playedB. should have playedC. used to playD. had playedIII. Cloze (30 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Scientists have been struggling to find out the reason behind blushing(脸红). Why would human evolve(进化) a 21 that puts us at a social disadvantage by 22 us to reveal that we have cheated or lied.Charles Darwin pointed out that 23 all people of all races blush, animals do not. When it came to explaining the reason, he was 24 a loss. That has not stopped others from trying.One 25 is that blushing started out as a way to show we obey authoritative members of the group. Later, as our social interactions became 26 complex, it became involved with higher, self-conscious 27 such as guilt, shame and embarrassment. This would seem to put individuals ata disadvantage, but blushing might actually make it a person more 28 or socially desirable.29 that women blush more than men, one university researcher suggests that blushing might have evolved as a way for women to 30 their honesty to men so as to win their support in raising children. Some zoologists also think blushing could have emerged as away to foster trust. "If you were to go hunting31 a stone-faced partner, you could never 32 what he wants." he says. Once blushing became 33 with embarrassment, anyone who did not blush might have been at a disadvantage because we are 34 likely to trust someone who appears never to feel 35 about anything.21. A. response B. reply C. reflection D. recall22. A. forbidding B. forcing C. encouraging D. preventing23. A. when B. while C. since D. because24. A.on B. in C. at D. of25. A. suggestion B. advice C. solution D. question26. A. apparently B. completely C. awkwardly D. increasingly27. A. moods B. senses C. emotions D. tempers28. A. privileged B. embarrassed C. energetic D. attractive29. A. Noting B. Providing C. Assuming D. Hoping30. A. assure B. approve C. confirm D. demonstrate31. A. for B. with C. by D. as32. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk33. A. united B. related C. contacted D. associated34. A. more B. that C. less D. so35. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. satisfied D. pleasedIV. Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions: There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneJune came and the hay(干草) was almost ready for cutting. On Midsummer's Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come back until midday on Sunday. His men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone out chatting without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back, he immediately went to sleep on the living-room sofa with the "News of the World" over his face. When evening came, the animals were still not fed. At last, they could stand no longer. One of the cows broke into the door of the storehouse with her horns and all the animals began to help themselves to the grains.It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next moment he and his four men were in the storehouse with whips in their hands, whipping in all directions. This was more than the hungry animals would bear. Together, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they jumped upon their masters. Mr. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being stuck with the horns and kicked from all sides. The situation was quite out of their control. They had never seen animals act like this before. This sudden rebellion of the creatures, which they were used to beating and whipping just as they chose, frightened them. After only a moment or two, they gave up trying to defend themselves. A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road with the animals running after them joyfully.36.The four men did not feed the cows because ______.A. they had not cut the hay yetB. Mr. Jones wasn't at homeC. they did not have time to feed themD. the cows had fed themselves37.The cows broke into the storehouse because ______.A. they did not like their mastersB. Mr. Jones forgot to lock the doorC. they were kept in the cow-house too longD. they were too hungry to wait for the feed38. What did the five men finally do with the cows?A. They chased and drove the cows away.B. They continued beating the cows.C. They gave up defense and ran away.D. They gave in and fed the cows.39. We can learn from the passage that ______.A .the cows often ran out to look for foodB. the cows often had fights with their mastersC. Mr. Jones and his men often beat the cowsD. Mr. Jones and his men often forgot to feed the cowsPassage TwoIt was sunrise on an August morning when the captain and his crew cast their nets some 50 miles south of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. As the net was pulled over, the contents poured out followed by excited cries of "Coins! Coins!" The fishermen quickly realized they had realized a fisherman's dream: sunken treasure! And not just any treasure, but early American silver dollars that had gone down 210 years earlier.In 1784, at the end of the American Revolutionary War, a heavily armed ship was bound for the port of New Orleans. On board was a fortune in Spanish Silver Dollars. Hundreds of thousands of them were loaded for the trip to New Orleans, yet not a single one arrived. With no survivors from the ill-fated voyage, historians can only guess at what happened. Some say powerful storms took her down while others speculate it was treasure-hungry pirates(海盗). Whatever happened, the secret -- along with a treasure valued near $ 100,000,000 in today's dollars -- was sent to a watery grave some 300 feet below the ocean's surface.Spanish Silver Dollars were the favorite coins of colonial Americans. Widely used and accepted as payment in the thirteen colonies, the United States government gave them the status of official legal tender. Unfortunately, even though they were struck in large quantities, not many of them survive today. After the Civil War, the government withdrew them from circulation and they were melted down.Due to the historic discovery of this treasure, GovMint. com is releasing these coins to the public for an amazingly low price. For a limited time, these authentic silver dollars are priced at $49 plus shipping and handling -- a dramatic reduction from the market price of this coin anywhere else worldwide.40. What surprised the fishermen on an August morning?A. Their net contained a big strange-looking fish.B. They found the treasure sunken 210 years ago.C. They found some pieces of a sunken ship in the net.D. Their net suddenly got caught by something deep in the water.41.What happened to the ship heading for New Orleans in 1874?.A. Loaded with too much cargo, it hit on the rocks.B. Robbed by pirates, it cost $100,000,000's worth of goods.C. It disappeared but nobody knew exactly what had happened.D. It was caught in a terrible storm and went down into the ocean.42.What do we know about "Spanish Silver Dollars"?A. Today one coin equals to 49 dollars in the world market.B. They were widely used in America after the Civil War.C. Issued in small amounts, not many of them survive.D. They were officially accepted in the 13 colonies.43.In which section of a magazine would you probably find this article?A. Sports.B. Housing.C. History.D. Fashion.Passage ThreeThe environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion, two researchers "decorate" three rooms. One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended to look average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were asked to sit in one of the three rooms and rate several pictures of people's faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave the pictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found the task more unpleasant and boring than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate. One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green, purple, red and yellow. The colors listed from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet, blue and green.Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy(亲密) that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom, on the other hand, arouse and stimulate thinking.Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communication with others, but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task that will be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmental factors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year's Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.44.Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be ______.A. less patientB. less considerateC. more enthusiasticD. more confident45.Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?A. GreenB. BlueC. OrangeD. Red46.What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?A. Arousing active thinking.B. Improving work efficiency.C. Creating a tense atmosphere.D. Stimulating talks among people.47.The underlined word "serene" in the last sentence is closest in meaning to ______.A. serious and graveB. calm and peacefulC. pleasant and friendlyD. cold and indifferentPassage FourThere is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step. Patients receiving joint implants(移植) often are able to resume many of the physical activities they love, even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing in popularity.In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806,000 hip and knee implant (the joints most commonly replaced), double the number performed a decade earlier. Though these procedures have become routine, they are not failure free.Implants must sometimes be replaced, said Dr. Henrik Malchau, an orthopedic surgeon (矫形外科医生) at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percent of hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients eventually require a second operation, said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, often painful, and increased medical expenses.The failure rate should be lower, many experts agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rateestimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacement registry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures go wrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularly problematic. "Every country that has developed a registry has been able to reduce failure rate significantly," said Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals in the next 12 to 18 months. It's good news for those who are considering replacing a knee or hip.48.What is the problem with hip or knee replacements in the U.S.?A.A lots of patients need a second operation.B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operations.C. Demands for hip replacements exceed the number of surgeons.D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in U.S. hospitals.49.Why does Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?A. Sweden has more advanced technology.B. Sweden has a patient data collecting system.C. Sweden has a much larger number of patients.D. Swedish doctors are most responsible and skillful.50.The U.S. Is trying to reduce joint replacement failure rate by ______.A. strictly controlling the number of replacement operations.B. asking hospitals to follow up each case for 12-18 months.C. setting up a national joint replacement database.D. sending doctors to be trained in Sweden.51.People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel ______ about data gathering in the U.S.A. indifferentB. assuredC. puzzledD. hopefulPassage FiveThe Saturday Evening Post "became symbolic of the reading fare of middle-class America". In 1897 Curtis began to revive(重振) the Post on the proposition that a man's chief interest in life is the fight for livelihood -- business. Fiction and articles about romantic business and successful businessmen filled its pages, and products backed by its advertisements directed at the needs anddesires of the business world. The general interest weekly reached new audiences. Its conservative viewpoint and strong admiration for material success appealed to the tastes of the millions who settled in an easy chair with it each Thursday evening. As a more commercial, mass-circulation magazine than The New Yorker, the widely readable Post set out to interpret America to itself.As a national and international institution, The Saturday Evening Post made its mark in the lives of massive numbers of men and women, and served society as a stabilizing influence. Its editorial matter addressed the problems and interests of the readers as never before. Neither highbrow nor lowbrow, the Post set out to interpret average middle-class America, for that was its audience. However, this magazine lost touch with the mood of the American people in the 1930s. The Post's editor Lorimer, opposed Roosevelt and the New Deal and changed his magazine from an organ of entertainment and enlightenment into a weapon of political warfare. He believed that in opposing the New Deal he had spoken for the majority of voters, but the 1936 election proved him wrong. His conservatism extended beyond politics, it dominated the magazine's content and style causing a decline in reputation and authority. The Post met its greatest success when it went beyond the tastes of the masses, challenging its readers to acknowledge the genius of contributors such as F. Scott Fitzgerald and William Faulkner. It was later reformed in an effort to fulfill its responsibility to awaken lethargic(昏昏欲睡的) America, however, The Saturday Evening Post seemed to play to conventions while The New Yorker took off to redefine the character of American Humor.52.According to Paragraph 1, who are primarily the readers of the Post?A. Businessmen.B. College students.C. HousewivesD. Politicians.53.What is the earliest time that readers can read the Post every week?A. Monday.B. ThursdayC. SaturdayD. Sunday54.Why did the Post lose much of its audience in the 1930s?A. It changed its original style and was heavily involved in politics.B. Readers couldn't afford a newspaper because of the Depression.C. The new editor was not interested in Roosevelt's politics.D. It failed to absorb sufficient advertisements.55.What makes the Post so commercially successful?A. Presenting American style humor.B. Sticking to the tastes of the middle-class.C. Carrying articles and novels by local writers.D. Staying in close contact with the business world.V. Daily Conversation (15 points)Directions: Pick out the appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.A.When do you need itB. Do you have anyavailableC. What do you meanD. May I come overtomorrow to take a lookE. Can I leave a messageF. Can you give me thedetails about itG. that's probably it H. that's exactly what youwantSarah: Hello. I'm calling to rent an apartment you advertised.Manager: Yes. What kind of apartment are you interested in?Sarah: I'm interested in a one-bedroom apartment. 56 ?Manager: Yes, I have one. 57 ?Sarah: Sometime around next week. 58 ?Manager: Well, it's a one-bedroom apartment. The monthly rent is $650, with a $300 security deposit. You pay electricity only. Gas and water is included. You can use a sheltered parking space at no extra charge. And ... 59 .Sarah: Sounds good. 60 ?Manager: Sure. See you tomorrow then.VI. Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part ,you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100～120 words based on the following information. Remember to write it clearly.61. 请以低碳生活（a low carbon life）为主题写一篇100-120词的短文，内容包括：·流行低碳生活的背景（如：极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等）；·实施低碳生活的若干方式（如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅游中的节约行为等）；·低碳生活带来的积极影响。
全国各类成人高等学校招生考试统考教材(高中起点升本、专科)英语第三章 语 法
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2011年高考英语试题(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)答案
2011年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国大纲卷Ⅱ)英语答案1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C6．C【解析】考查交际用语。
根据"I’ve booked a table at Michel’s restaurant for this evening．"可知，答话人并没有忘记对方的生日，因此选择C，How could I?表示"我怎么能忘呢?"。
What then?"那会怎么样呢?"，I’m afraid so．"恐怕是这样。
"，For sure．"肯定；确定。
"，均不符合语境。
7．D【解析】考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知，该句为定语从句，首先排除A和C；根据空前的逗号可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，排除B。
该从句应用which引导，which 在从句中作主语，代指前面的整个句子。
8．C【解析】考查情态动词。
句意：如果你非要吸烟，请到外面。
此处must表示"偏要，非要"。
9．A【解析】考查时态。
句意：如果你不喜欢你点的饮料就别喝，可以试试别的。
根据句意，"点饮料"的动作应发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。
10．B【解析】考查动词词义辨析及其搭配。
根据of 的提示，首先排除A和D；remind sb．of sth．表示"提醒某人某事"；warn sb．of sth．表示"告诫某人某事"。
句意：玛丽，我提醒了约翰他要帮助你的承诺。
根据句意可知选择B。
11．D【解析】考查不定代词。
根据"My friend gave it to me"可知，我免费得到了这辆自行车，因此用nothing，for nothing表示"免费；不花钱"。
12．A【解析】考查副词及其搭配。
句意：喜欢听好音乐是一回事，但你自己演奏得好完全是另一回事。
成考英语教学大纲百度文库(具体)
成考英语教学大纲百度文库(具体)成考英语教学大纲成人高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称成人高考）是为我国各类成人高等学校选拔合格新生以进入更高层次学历教育的入学考试。
考试分高中起点升成教专科（简称高起专）、高中起点升成教本科（简称高起本）、普通专科起点升成教本科（简称成教专升本）三个层次。
全国成人高等学校招生统一考试英语考试大纲（2011年版）由教育部社科司颁布，规定了成人高等教育英语课程的教学内容、教学要求、教学原则和教学方法，适用于各类成人高等教育举办的学厉证书班、专业证书班、本科班、专科班。
一、考试性质成人高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称成人高考）是为我国各类成人高等学校选拔合格新生以进入更高层次学历教育的入学考试。
考试分高中起点升成教专科（简称高起专）、高中起点升成教本科（简称高起本）、普通专科起点升成教本科（简称成教专升本）三个层次。
二、考试要求1.掌握英语的基本语法和常用句型。
2.理解英语的基本词义，掌握英语的基本词法，包括名词、代词、数词、冠词、形容词、副词、介词、连词等。
3.听懂一般性交谈并能作恰当回答，能听懂日常英语新闻和报道。
4.读懂一般性题材的文字材料，掌握中心意思，理解主要事实和情节，速度为每分钟40-60个单词。
5.读懂通用的简短实用文字材料，如信函、旅游简介、广告、说明等，理解正确，速度为每分钟60-80个单词。
6.能在听、读的基础上，学习常见英语单词，短语和句子。
7.逐步提高英语口语表达能力，能基本表达思想，能掌握汉译英的基本技巧。
8.逐步树立用英语进行思维，接受英语表达方式及习惯的能力。
9.能在交际中使用基本的交际用语和职业技能。
三、考试形式1.考试采用闭卷笔试形式。
2.考试时间为150分钟。
3.试卷分值：满分150分。
成考学士学位英语教学大纲成人高考学士学位英语考试大纲是针对成人高等教育学士学位英语考试而制定的，其主要包括成人高等教育本科生申请学士学位英语统考考试内容、考试大纲、考试题型及难度等内容。
2011浙江省专升本各学校英语考试大纲
绍兴文理学院2011年专升本翻译与写作考试大纲本考试属于英语语言的综合能力考试。
考试的范围包括翻译和写作两大部分。
考试时间为150分钟。
一、考试形式及内容考试形式为笔试（闭卷），满分为150分。
共有两大部分：(一) 翻译（80分）：（二) 写作（70分）。
序号项目名称分值I单句翻译（中英互译）30分II短文翻译（中译英，英译中各一篇）50分III应用文写作20分IV写作50分二、翻译的基本要求单句翻译：要求句意通顺，符合英文或汉语的行文特色；并对句中内涵有一定的表达。
短文翻译：英译汉要求翻译英语国家出版的一般难度的文章和材料，译文应忠实于原文，表达流畅，翻译速度为每小时200个英文单词左右。
汉译英要求翻译我国书刊杂志上的普通文章和材料，译文应忠实于原文，表达流畅，翻译速度为每小时200个汉字左右。
测试目的：测试学生在专科阶段语言综合运用能力和对基本翻译技巧的灵活运用能力。
三、写作的基本要求应用文写作部分为主观试题，题型主要有：写便条或摘要、通知、非正式的信件如：感谢信，抱怨信等。
完整的作文（议论文、描写文、记叙文等）作文要求：根据所命的题目、列出的写作提纲或图表等写一篇250个英文词左右的短文。
做到内容切题、完整、条理清楚，文章结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。
测试目的：按照教学大纲的要求测试学生在专科阶段用英语书面表达思想的能力。
四、参考书目1.《英译汉教程》，连淑能编，高等教育出版社，2006年。
2.《实用汉英翻译教程》，曾诚编，外语教学与研究出版社，2002年。
3.《英文写作》（英文版），刘家荣主编，外语教学与研究出版社，2001年。
浙江财经学院2011年专升本翻译与写作考试大纲国家教委《高等学校英语专业基础阶段英语教学大纲》规定，高等学校英语专业基础阶段的教学任务和目的是"传授英语基础知识，对学生进行全面的、严格的基本技能训练，培养学生运用语言的能力，培养学生良好的学习作风和正确的学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性，为学生升入高年级打好扎实基础。
年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试英语
2011年成人高等学校专升本招生全国统一考试——英语I. Phonetics (5points)Directions: In each of following groups of words, there are four underlined letters or lettercombinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that isdifferent from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter onthe Answer sheet.1. A. lamb B. bombing C. comb D. ambition2. A. guilt B. build C. guide D. guitar3. A. laugh B. weigh C. tough D. rough4. A. theater B. threat C. thread D. treasure5. A. grand B. gravity C. gratitude D. gratefulⅡ.Vocabulary and Structure (15 point)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.6. There aren’t many wild pandas ____in the world today.A. liveB. livingC. to liveD. lived7. _____I could say anything more; Holmes had rushed off towards the door.A. BeforeB. AfterC. WhenD. As8. Since you feel so strongly about this matter, you should make your views ____to other committee members.A. knowB. knowingC. being knownD. known9. They demanded that the government ____all political prisoners in the next two days.A. freeB. freedC. will freeD. would free.10. Nelson is a creative liar who is always making ____unusual excuses for not doing his work.A. acrossB. awayC. offD. upt night because my car broken down.11. –I didn’t go to class las–You ____mine I wasn’t using it.A. could borrowB. may borrowC. could have borrowedD. may have borrowed12. In our view, the root ____of the crime problem is poverty and unemployment.A. solutionB. reasonC. causeD. fact13. You mustn’t go unless either your father or I ____with you.A. comeB. comesC. cameD. has come14. There are ____fewer custom tailors and dressmakers in the U.S. than in European countries.A. soB. veryC. farD. too15. In the first semesters, I asked my teacher ____.A. what courses should I takeB. what courses I should takeC. I should take what coursesD. should I take what courses16. After the party, we had to tidy up the kitchen, which was a (n) ____mess.A. exactB. entireC. definiteD. complete17. Their experiment ____, Tom and Mary set out to write the report on the results.A. doneB. to be doneC. being doneD. will be done18. A newspaper headline concerning new energy development ____his attention and he was muchinterested in marking investment in it.A. gaveB. caughtC. turnedD. paid19. Would you please let me finish my words? Don’t ____in the middle of a sentence.A. put me offB. cut me offC. keep me offD. get me off20. –Have you ever played bridge?–Yes .We _____on weekends when I was in college.A. would have playedB. should have playedC. used to playD. had playedⅢ.Cloze (30 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet.Scientist have been struggling to find out the reason behind blushing (脸红).Why would humanevolve(进化)a 21 that puts us at a social disadvantage by 22 us to reveal that we have cheated or lied ?Charles Darwin pointed out that 23 all people of all races blush, animals do not. When it came toexplaining the reason, he was 24 a loss. That has not stopped others from trying.One 25 is that blushing started out as a way to show me obey authoritative members of the group,later, as our social interactions became 26 complex, it became involved with higher, self-conscious 27such as guilt, shame and embarrassment. This would seem to put individuals at a disadvantage, butblushing might actually make a person more 28 or socially desirable.29 that women blush more than men, one university researcher suggests that blushing might haveevolved as a way for women to 30 their honesty to men so as to win their support in raising children.Some zoologists also think blushing could have emerged as a way to foster trust. “If you were to go hunting 31 a stone-faced partner, you could never 32 what he wants,” he says. Once blushing became33 with embarrassment, anyone who did not blush might have been at a disadvantage because we are34 likely to trust someone who appears never to feel 35 about anything.21. A. response B. reply C. reflection D. recall22. A. forbidding B. forcing C. encouraging D. preventing23. A. when B. while C. since D .because24. A. on B. in C. at D. of25. A. suggestion B. advice C. solution D. question26. A. apparently B. completely C. awkwardly D. increasingly27. A. moods B. senses C. emotions D. tempers28. A. privileged B. embarrassed C. energetic D. attractive29. A. Noting B. Providing C. Assuming D. Hoping30. A. assure B. approve C. confirm D. demonstrate31. A. for B. with C. by D. as32. A. say B. speak C. tell D. talk33. A. united B. related C. contacted D. associated34. A. more B. that C. less D. so35. A. ashamed B. disappointed C. satisfied D. pleasedⅣ.Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions: There are five reading passages in this part; each passage is followed by four questions. Foreach question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer andblacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.Passage OneJune came and the hay (干草) was almost ready cutting. On Midsummer’s Eve, which was a Saturday, Mr. Jones went into Willington and got so drunk at the Red Lion that he did not come backuntil midday on Sunday. His men had milked the cows in the early morning and then had gone outchatting without bothering to feed the animals. When Mr. Jones got back, he immediately went to sleepon the living-room sofa with the “News of the Word” over his face. When evening came, the animals were still not fed. At last, they could stand no longer, one of the cows broke into the door of thestorehouse with her horns and all the animals began to help themselves to the grains.It was just then that Mr. Jones woke up. The next moment he and his four men were in thestorehouse with whips in their hands, whipping in all directions. This was more than the hungryanimals would bear. Together, though nothing of the kind had been planned beforehand, they jumpedupon their masters. Mr. Jones and his men suddenly found themselves being struck with the horns andkicked from all sides. The situation was quiet out of their control. They had never seen these animalsact like this before. This sudden rebellion of the creatures, which they were used to beating andwhipping just as they chose, frightened them. After only a moment or two, they gave up trying todefend themselves. A minute later all five of them were in full fright down the road with the animalsrunning after them joyfully.36. The four men did not feed the cows because_______.A. they had not cut the hay yetB. Mr. Jones wasn’t at homeC. they did not have time to feed themD. the cows had fed themselves37. The cows broke into the storehouse because _______.A. they did not like their mastersB. Mr. Jones forgot to lock the doorC. they were kept in the cow-house too longD. they were too hungry to wait for the feed38. What did the five men finally do with the cows?A. They chased and drove the cows away.B. They continued beating the cows.C. They gave up defense and ran awayD. They gave in and fed the cows.39. We can learn from the passage that _____.A. the cows often ran out to look for food.B. the cows often had fights with their masters.C. Mr. Jones and his men often beat the cows.D. Mr. Jones and his men often forgot to feed the cows.Passage TwoIt was sunrise on August morning when the captain and his crew cast their nets some 50 milessouth of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico. As the net was pulled over, the contents poured out followedby excited cries of “Coins! Coins!” The fishermen quickly realized they had realized a fisherman dream sunken treasure! And not just any treasure, but early American silver dollars that had gone down210 years earlier.In 1784, at the end of the American Revolutionary War, a heavily armed ship was bound for theport of New Orleans. On board was a fortune in Spanish Silver Dollars. Hundreds of thousands of themwere loaded for the trips to New Orleans, yet not a single one arrived. With no survivors from theill-fated voyage, historians can only guess at what happened. Some say powerful storms took her downwhile others speculate it was treasure-hungry pirates(海盗).Whatever happened, the secret along with awas sent to a watery grave some 300 feet belowtreasure valued near $100,000,000 in today’s dollars –s surface.the ocean’Spanish Sliver Dollars were the favorite coins of colonial Americans. Widely used and accepted aspayment in the thirteen colonies, the United States government gave them the status of official legaltender. Unfortunately, even though they were struck in large quantities, not many of them survivetoday. After the Civil War, the government withdrew them from circulation and they were melteddown.Due to the historic discovery of this treasure, is releasing these coins to the public for anamazingly low price. For a limited time, these authentic silver dollars are priced at $49 plus shippingand handling –a dramatic reduction from the market price of this coin anywhere else worldwide.40. What surprised the fishermen on an August morning?A. They net contained a big strange-looking fish.B. They found the treasure sunken 210 years ago.C. They found some pieces of a sunken ship in the net.D. Their net suddenly got caught by something deep in the water.41. What happened to the ship heading for New Orleans in 1784?A. loaded with too much cargo, it hit on the rocks.B. Robbed by pirates, it lost$100,000,000’s worth of goods.C. It disappeared but nobody knew exactly what had happened.D. It was caught in a terrible storm and went down into the ocean.42. What do we know about “Spanish Sliver Dollars”？A. Today one coin equals to 49 dollars in the world market.B. They were widely used in American after the Civil War.C. Issued in small amounts, not many of them survive.D. They were officially accepted in the 13 colonies.43. In which section of a magazine would you probably find this article?A. SportsB. HousingC. HistoryD. FashionPassage ThreeThe environment affects the way people interact. To examine this conclusion, two researchers“decorated” three rooms. One room was refurnished to look ugly. The second room was intended tolook average. The third room was designed to be beautiful. Individuals were then asked to sit in one ofthe three rooms and rate several pictures of people’s faces. The results indicated that the environment has a significant effect on the way people rated the faces. Subjects in the beautiful room gave thepictures higher rates than did subjects in the ugly room. In addition, subjects in the ugly room found thetask more unpleasant and boring than did subjects in the beautiful room. Subjects assigned to the uglyroom attempted to leave sooner than did subjects assigned to the beautiful room.Color is one environmental factor that can affect your mood and even your ability to concentrate.One researcher concluded that the most pleasant colors, listed in order of preference, were blue, green,purple, red and yellow. The colors lists from most to least arousing were red, orange, yellow, violet,blue, and green.Lighting also affects behavior. Elegant restaurants with dim lighting create a mood of intimacy (亲密) that encourages conversation. The bright lights of an office or classroom, on the other hand, arouseand stimulate thinking.Room decoration, color, lighting, and even music and temperature all influence communicationwith others, but there is no all-purpose environment. The ideal environment depends on the task thatwill be performed as well as on the needs and expectations of those present. The same environmentalfactors that encourage lively conversation and dancing at a New Year’s Eve party cannot be expected to create a serene climate in which to study for final exams.44. Paragraph 1 shows that subjects in the ugly room tend to be _______.A. less patientB. less considerateC. more enthusiasticD. more confident45. Which color is the most helpful for keeping a good mood?A. GreenB. BlueC. OrangeD. Red46. What effect can dim lights of an eating environment bring about?A. Arousing active thinking.B. Improving work efficiency.C. Creating a tense atmosphere.D. Stimulating talks among people.47. The underlined word “serene” in the last sentence is closest in meaning to _______.A. serious and graveB. calm and peacefulC. pleasant and friendlyD. cold and indifferentPassage FourThere is nothing more possible than a new hip or knee that can put the spring back in your step.Patients receiving joint implants (移植) often are to resume many of the physical activities they love,even those as vigorous as tennis and hiking. No wonder, then, that joint replacement is growing inpopularity.In the United States in 2007, surgeons performed about 806,000 hip and knee implants (the jointsmost commonly replaced); double the number performed a decade earlier. Though these procedureshave become routine, they are not failure free.Implants must sometimes be replaced, said Dr. Henrik Malchau, an orthopaedic surgeon（矫形外科医生）at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston. A study published in 2007 found that 7 percentof hips implanted in Medicare patients had to be replaced within seven and a half years.The percentage may sound low, but the finding suggests that thousands of hip patients eventuallyrequire a second operation, said Dr. Malchau. Those patients must endure additional recoveries, oftenpainful, and increased medical expenses.The failure rate should be lower, many experts agree. Sweden, for instance, has a failure rateestimated to be a third of that in the United States. Sweden also has a national joint replacementregistry, a database of information from which surgeons can learn how and why certain procedures gowrong. A registry also helps surgeons learn quickly whether a specific type of implant is particularlyproblematic. ‘‘Every country that has developed a registry has been able to reduce failure ratesd Dr. Daniel Berry, chief of orthopaedic surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester,significantly,” saiMinn.A newly formed American Joint Replacement Registry will begin gathering data from hospitals inplacing a knee or hip.the next 12 to 18 months. It’s good news for those who are considering re48. What is the problem with hip or knee replacements in the U.S.?A. A lot of patients need a second operation.B. Doctors are not well trained to ensure successful operations.C. Demands for hip replacement exceed the number of surgeon.D. Replacement operation is becoming too expensive in the U.S. hospitals.49. Why dose Sweden have a lower rate of hip implant failure?A. Sweden has more advanced technology.B. Sweden has a patient data collecting system.C. Sweden has a much larger number of patients.D. Sweden doctors are more responsible and skilful.50. The U.S. is trying to reduce joint replacement failure rate by______.A. strictly controlling the number of replacement operationsB. asking hospitals to follow up each case for 12-18 monthsC. setting up a national joint replacement databaseD. sending doctors to be trained in Sweden51. People who need a new knee or hip would possibly feel _____about data gathering in the U.S.A. indifferentB. assuredC. puzzledD. hopefulPassage FiveThe Saturday Evening Post“because symbolic of the reading fare of middle-class American”. In1897 Curtis began to revive (重振)the Post on the proposition that a man’s chief interest in life is thefight for livelihood— business. Fiction and articles about romantic business and successfulbusinessmen filled its pages, and products backed by its advertisements directed at the needs anddesires of the business world. The general interest weekly reached new audiences. Its conservativeviewpoint and strong admiration for material success appealed to the tastes of the millions who settledin an easy chair with it each Thursday evening. As a more commercial, mass-circulation magazine thanThe New Yorker, the widely readable Post set out to interpret America to itself.As a national and international institution, The Saturday Evening Post made its mark in the livesof massive numbers of men and women, and served society as a stabilizing influence. Its editorialmatter addressed the problems and interests of the reader as never before. Neither highbrow norlowbrow, the Post set out to interpret average middle-class America, for that was its audience.However, this magazine lost touch with the mood of the American people in the 1930s. The Post’ｓeditor Lorimer, opposed Roosevelt and the New Deal and changed his magazine from an organ ofentertainment and enlightenment into a weapon of political warfare. He believed that in opposing theNew Deal he had spoken for the majority of voters, but the 1936 election proved him wrong. Hisconservatism extended beyond politics, it dominated the magazine’ content and style causing a decline in reputation and authority. The Post met its greatest success when it went beyond the tastes of themasses, challenging its reader to acknowledge the genius of contributors such as F. Scott Fitzgerald andWilliam Faulkner. It was later reformed in an effort to fulfill its responsibility to awaken lethargic (昏昏欲睡的)America, however. The Saturday Evening Post seemed to play to conventions while TheNew Yorker took off to redefine the character of American Humor.52. According to Paragraph 1, who are primarily the readers of the Post?A. Businessmen.B. College students.C. Housewives.D. Politicians.53. What is the earliest time that readers can read the Post every week？A. MondayB. ThursdayC. SaturdayD. Sunday.54. Why did the Post lose much of i ts audience in the 1930’s?A. It changed its original style and was heavily involved in politics.B. Reader couldn’t afford a newspaper because of the Depression.C. The new editor was not interested in Roosevelt’s politics.D. It failed to absorb sufficient advertisements.55. What makes the Post so commercially successful?A. Presenting American style humor.B. Sticking to the tastes of the middle class.C. Carrying articles and novels by local writers.D. Staying in close contact with the business world.Ⅴ.Daily Conversation (15 point)Directions: Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet.Sarah: Hello, I ’m calling to rent an apartment you advertised.Manager: Yes. What kind of apartment are you interested in?Sarah: I ’m interested in a one -bedroom ? Manager ：Yes, I have one. 57？Sarah: Sometime around next week. 58 ?Manager: Well, it’s a one -bedroom apartment. The monthly rent is $650, with a $300 security deposit. You pay electricity only. Gas and Water is included. You can use a sheltered parking space at no extra charge. And (59)Sarah: Sounds good. 60?Manager: Sure, See you tomorrow then.Ⅵ.Writing (25 points)Directions: For this part, you are supposed to write an essay in English in 100～120 words based on thefollowing information. Remember to write it clearly.61. 请以低碳生活（ a low carbon life ）为主题写一篇100～120词的短文，内容包括：三、流行低碳生活的背景（如：极端气候、各种灾害、环境污染等）；四、实施低碳生活的若干方式（如家庭生活、工作学习、外出旅行中的节约行为等）；五、低碳生活带来的积极影响。
2011年成人高考(指导、大纲-英语&政治)
2011 年成人高考政治增加和谐社会内容作为专升本层次的统考科目之一，政治也是众多成考生复习的重点。
2011 年新大纲修 订后，政治科目内容有较多变化，特别是整合了中国特色社会主义理论、增加了和谐社会相 关内容的章节。
北京市教育考试指导中心教研员闫惠介绍，2011 年新大纲主要有 3 方面变化：哲学部 分删去了旧大纲中关于社会发展进程内容的第七章； 毛泽东思想概论和邓小平理论合并为一 部分；邓小平理论部分内容进行了调整，增加了和谐社会的相关内容。
从政治复习总要求上看，新大纲对考生有 3 点要求，分别为：能比较准确地理解和掌 握马克思主义哲学原理、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系中的基本概念、 基本观点、 基本原理及其重要意义； 能运用马克思主义哲学、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系 的基本原理、基本方法，分析、论证、阐释建设中国特色社会主义实践中的重要问题；对于 违背马克思主义理论、 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系的错误观点、 错误思想能够 识别，并给予适当的分析批判。
旧大纲规定复习考试内容有 4 部分，新大纲规定变为 3 部分。
其中，第一部分“马克思 主义哲学原理”未变，第二部分“毛泽东思想概论”变为“毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论 体系概论”，旧大纲第三部分“邓小平理论和„三个代表‟重要思想概论”内容进行了调整，新大 纲第三部分和旧大纲第四部分均为“时事”。
根据新大纲规定，第一部分马克思主义哲学原理内容中，旧大纲的 7 部分要求修正为 新大纲的 6 部分要求，旧大纲的“人类社会的本质和基本结构”、“社会发展规律和历史主体 的作用”、“社会发展和人的发展”3 部分，修正为“社会存在发展的基础和基本结构”、“社会发 展的动力系统和历史进程”。
其余部分要求内容未变。
新大纲复习考试内容第二部分， 由旧大纲的“毛泽东思想概论”改为“毛泽东思想和中国特 色社会主义理论体系概论”。
成人高考专升本《英语》考试大纲
成人高考专升本《英语》考试大纲
总要求
考生应掌握基本的英语语言基础知识并具备一定的语言运用能力，包括基本的语音、语法和词汇,一定的阅读理解、口语交际以及初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容
一、语音
考生应能掌握下列语音规则：
1.元音字母在单词中的读音
2.辅音字母在单词中的读音
3.常见字母组合的读音
二、词汇
考生应掌握约3800个英语单词的基本用法和相应的常用词组。
后附词汇表中仅给出每个单词的1至2个主要释义。
三、语法
考生应掌握下列基本语法规则：
(一)词法
1.名词
2.冠词
3.代词
4.数词
5.形容词
6.副词
7.介词
8.动词
9.连词
10.感叹词
(二）句法
1.基本句型
2.句子按用途分类
(1)陈述句
(2)疑问句
(3)祈使句
(4)感叹句
3.句子按结构分类
(1)简单句
(2)并列句
(3)复合句
(三）构词法
1.派生法
2.合成法
3.转换法
四、阅读。
2011年成人高考（专升本）英语重点复习资料5
2011年成人高考（专升本）英语重点复习资料52011年成人高考(专升本)英语重点复习资料5形容词与副词(4-1~5-2)大纲要求：形容词与副词掌握比较级的构成及其用法。
一、形容词在句子中的作用1、形容词在句子中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语。
A good boy must behave himself. 好孩子应当行为规矩。
(定语)I like this red dress very much.(定语)She is beautiful. (表语)The patient is asleep. (表语)Who has got the window open? (宾语补足语)Ive got everything ready for the class. (宾语补足语)I said it would happen， and sure enough it did happen.(独立成分)2、大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语，但有少数形容词只能作表语。
This is a red dress. The dress is red.alike，afraid，alone，asleep，awake，aware，alive，ashamed， unable， content.二、副词在句子中的作用副词在句子中主要作状语，可以修饰动词、形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子。
Unfortunately， he wasnt at home when I came. (修饰整个句子)Luckily， she wasnt injured in the accident.(修饰整个句子)Her pronunciation is very good.(修饰形容词)I have been extremely busy these days.(修饰形容词)I can hardly agree with you.(修饰动词)He works terribly (quite) hard. (修饰副词)三、形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成1.单音节词和少数双音节词(如以y结尾的)在词尾加-er ， -est.如：small，smaller，smallest; great，greater，greatest; clever， cleverer， cleverest; quiet， quieter， quietest ; common，commoner， commonest; narrow， narrower， narrowest.2、以e结尾的词加-r ， -st .如：larger， larger ， largest ; simple， simpler ， simplest ; polite， politer ， politest; brave， braver， bravest; fine，finer，finest.3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i 再加-er ， -est .如：busy，busier，busiest; heavy，heavier，heaviest; happy，happier， happiest.4、以一个辅音字母结尾的词，双写该辅音字母，再加-er，-est .(一个辅音字母结尾;重读闭音节)如：big，bigger，biggest; thin，thinner，thinnest; hot，hotter， hottest.双音节词，多音节词比较级和最高级在词前加more， most.如：difficult， more difficult， most difficult， interesting，more interesting， most interesting; useful， more useful， most useful.特殊的比较级和最高级四、形容词和副词比较级的用法1、比较级常与than引导的状语从句连用，表示与什么相比。
2011年版全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲
全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲专科升本科《政治》总要求1．能比较准确地理解和掌握马克思主义哲学原理、毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系中的基本概念、基本观点和基本原理及其重要意义。
2．能运用马克思主义哲学、毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系的基本原理、基本方法，分析、论证、阐释建设中国特色社会主义实践中的重要问题。
3．对于违背马克思主义理论、毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系的错误观点、错误思想能够识别，并给予适当的分析批判。
复习考试内容第一部分马克思主义哲学原理一、马克思主义哲学是科学的世界观和方法论【要求】了解哲学、世界观、方法论等基本概念，理解唯物主义与唯心主义、辩证法与形而上学的根本区别，掌握哲学基本问题及其内容、马克思主义哲学的产生、马克思主义哲学的基本特征，切实理解马克思主义哲学是科学的世界观和方法论。
（一）哲学及其基本问题1．哲学与世界观、方法论2．哲学的基本问题3．哲学的主要派别（二）马克思主义哲学及其基本特征1．马克思主义哲学的产生2．马克思主义哲学的基本特征3．马克思主义哲学是认识世界和改造世界的伟大工具二、物质和意识【要求】了解物质、意识、运动、规律等基本概念。
理解物质与运动、运动与静止、物质与意识、主观能动性与客观规律性的关系。
掌握世界的物质统一性原理，坚持一切从实际出发，实事求是。
（一）辩证唯物主义的物质观1．物质是标志客观实在的哲学范畴2．运动是物质的根本属性和存在方式3．物质运动的客观规律性（二）意识的起源、本质和作用1．意识是物质世界长期发展的产物2．意识的本质3．意识对物质的能动作用4．主观能动性与客观规律性（三）世界的物质统一性1．世界的统一性在于物质性2．坚持一切从实际出发，实事求是三、事物的联系、发展及其规律【要求】了解联系、发展、矛盾、质变、量变、否定等基本概念。
理解唯物辩证法的总特征、唯物辩证法基本规律的主要内容、唯物辩证法诸范畴及其辩证关系。
2011_2016年历年成人高考《英语》真题与答案
2011 年成人高考专升本《英语》试题及答案英语本试卷共16 页，满分 150 分。
考试用时120 分钟。
考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项。
1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0. 5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。
请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案示号，在．试．题．卷．上．作．答．无．效．．。
第一部分 :听力（共两节 , 满分 30 分）做题时 , 先将答案划在试卷上. 录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 7. 5 分）听下面 5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 5.B. 9. 15.C. 9. 18.1.What will the woman do?A. Stay indoors.B. Have a walk.C. Get a coat.2.What will the speakers order?A. Coke and orange juice.B. Orange juice and coffee.C. Coffee and Coke.3.How did the woman know about the fire?A. She read about it.B. She witnessed it.C. She saw it on TV .4.What is the man worried about?A. The match may be delayed.B. Their car may go out of control.C. They may arrive late for the game.5.What does the man mean?A. He had a terrible vacation.B. He remained at home all the time.C. The woman asked a silly question.第二节（共15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分, 满分 22. 5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白. 每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
《大学英语》(专升本)复习资料(同名3185)
《大学英语》(专升本)复习资料(同名3185)《大学英语》课程入学考试复习资料（内部资料）适用专业：专升本层次所有专业为了帮助全国各辅导站点和广大有意报考我院成人教育（专升本）各专业考生更好地、更有针对性复习好英语，我们特此编写了这份辅导材料，供广大考生复习英语时参考使用。
本资料以《全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲》为指导，以宁洪主编、高等教育出版社2007年1月印刷出版的“全国各类成人高考复习考试辅导教材—专科起点升本科”系列教材中的〈英语〉（第5版）为第一参考书。
同时，我们还在此基础上，参阅了多种其他类似资料后，编写了一套与此配套的入学辅导资料，以便让考生复习时加深印象，巩固所得知识，提高应试技能。
考生进行英语复习时，应该在正确理解和全面掌握《全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲》所要求的各种英语语言知识点和技能前提下，重点复习本资料所指定的“全国各类成人高考复习考试辅导教材”〈英语〉（第5版）复习内容，作到融会贯通，举一反三，这样才能万无一失，在考试中考出好成绩。
重点复习内容：第一章：语音部分重点掌握该书第一章第一节中的元音字母在单词中的读音；辅音字母在单词中的读音；以及常见字母组合的读音。
第二章：词汇与语法结构一、掌握第二章“第一节语法与词汇应试要点解析”中的以下基本语法规则：（一）词法（包括名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词、动词、感叹词）（二）句法（包括基本句型、按用途分类的句子1第1，2，3小点；）二、重点掌握第二章“第二节词汇与语法结构应试典型题解”中的以下部分：（一）名词部分的第1，2，3，5，6小点；（二）冠词部分的第1，2，4，5，6，7，12 小点；（三）代词部分的第1，2，4，5，6，7 小点；（四）介词部分的第A 和B部分；（五）形容词和副词部分的第4，5，8，9小点；（六）动词部分的第1，2，3，4，9，10小点；（七）‘非谓语动词’部分的第1，2，3，4，5，6小点；（八）‘情态动词’部分的第1，3，4，5，6小点；（九）‘虚拟语气’部分的第1，2，4小点；（十）‘主谓一致’部分的第A 和B部分；（十一）‘倒装’部分的第2，3，5，7小点以及（十二）‘从句’部分的第1，2，3，5，7小点。
全国成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲(专科起点升本科
六、录取工作
1、 录取原则
符合成人高校招生报名条件，考试成绩达到录取分数线的考生，由招生学校根据招生政策和“从高分到低分择优录取”的原则进行录取。
2、对于考生上线人数不足开班要求的专业，学校将征得考生同意录取到本校相近专业，或转录第二志愿。对不转录的考生可保留录取资格数（二）
英 语
大学语文
法 学
民法
汉语言文学
大学语文
新 闻 学
大学语文
广 告 学
艺术概论
广播电视编导
艺术概论
招生政策规章
考生须知
一、报考条件
具有高中毕业文化程度或同等学历者，可报考高中起点本、专科；具有专科以上毕业证书者可报考专科起点本科。
主要课程：大学语文、计算机基础、英语、素描、色彩、构成、艺术概论、传播学、图案设计、字体设计、标识设计、包装设计、计算机图形设计、商业广告设计、摄影。
宁夏 2006-8-23 20:05
怎么你们的回答都是一个样的?能不能说具体一点?
海景 2006-8-24 05:55
都是国家承认学历，上哪个都行
海景 2006-8-24 05:56
根据你自己的实际时间
sunkel 2006-8-24 07:10
脱产的话就是要在校学习
wyfzxl2005 2006-8-24 07:58
宁夏 2006-8-23 20:00
拿的是脱产毕业证书,但平时上课也是跟一般的函授一样,只是星期六日才去上课,并不是在其本校上课.
我问了一个他们的人事部门,他们说,脱产的可以参加公务员考试,一般函授的就不可以,是不是真的?
guixianren_5 2006-8-23 20:02
全国成人高等教育考试复习考试大纲(高升专英语)
全国成人高等教育考试复习考试大纲(高升专英语)英语复习考试范围包括词汇、语法、完形填空和阅读等方面。
英语复习考试在记忆、理解和综合应用这三个层次上检测考生掌握英语的水平：记忆：能记住本大纲规定的语音、语法知识；能记住单词的拼写、读音、基本词义及主要用法；能记住本大纲规定的短语和习惯用语的意思和主要用法。
理解：能正确使用语音、语法和日常交际用语知识；能够理解各种语言现象；能够读懂适当难度的语言材料。
综合应用：能够使用本大纲规定的各类语言知识，整体理解不同形式的语篇；能够根据特定要求比较连贯、得体地表达自己的意思。
一、复习考试内容语音熟悉英语字母及常用字母组合在单词中的读音。
了解英语的基本语调以及使用语调的规则，并能在实践中运用这些规则。
能在简单的日常会话中使用比较自然地语音语调。
词汇掌握2000个左右常用英语单词和一定数量的短语和习惯用语，对单词能认，会读，知道词义及其在语句中的用法。
对在一般交际中使用频率高的单词和短语，会拼写，能正确使用。
知道一些常用词的近义词和反义词。
能够根据上下文或利用基本的构词法知识判断语篇中生词的含义。
语法1、词类1）名词2）形容词3）副词4）动词5）代词6）冠词7）数词8）介词9）连词10）感叹词2、名词1）可数和不可数名词2）名词的复数形式3）专有名词4）所有格3、代词1）人称代词2）物主代词3）反身代词4）指示代词5）不定代词6）疑问代词4、数词1）基数词2）序数词5、介词6、连词7、形容词1）形容词作定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法2）比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级8、副词1）时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问、连接、关系等副词的用法2）比较等级：原级、比较级、最高级9、冠词的一般用法10、动词1）动词的基本形式（1）现在式（2）过去式（3）过去分词（4）-ing形式2）行为动词的及物性和不及物性3）连系动词be,get,look,seem,turn,grow,become等4）助动词be,do,have,shall,will等5）情态动词can,may,must,ought,need,dare等6）动词的时态（1）一般现在时（2）一般过去时（3）一般将来时（4）现在进行时（5）过去进行时（6）现在完成时（7）过去完成时（8）过去将来时7）动词的被动语态（1）一般现在时的被动语态（2）一般过去时的被动语态（3）一般将来时的被动语态（4）现在完成时的被动语态（5）带有情态动词的被动语态8）动词不定式①作主语②作宾语③作补足语④作定语⑤作状语⑥作表语⑦用在how,when,where,what,which等之后9）动词的过去分词①作定语②作表语③作宾语补足语④作状语10）动词的ing形式①作主语②作宾语③作宾语补足语④作表语⑤作定语⑥作状语11句子1）句子种类（1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式）(2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句）(3）祈使句(4）感叹句2)句子的成分主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、直接宾语和间接宾语。
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短文写作
61
1
25
总计
61
150
试卷题型比例：
客观题
约 73％
主观题约 27％ 试题难易比例：
容易题：约 30％ 中等难度题：约 50％ 较难题：约 20％
2．辅音字母在单词中的读音；
考生应掌握约 3 800 个英语单词的基本用法和相应的常用词组。 三、语法
考生应掌握下列基本语法规则： （一）词法
1．名词 名词的分类，名词的数，名词的所有格，名词在句中的作用
2．冠词 冠词（定冠词、不定冠词）的基本用法，冠词的习惯用法及冠词的省略
3．代词 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、不定代词的用法； 人称代词、作引导词的用法。 4．数词 基数词、序数词和分数词的构成及其用法。 5．形容词 形容词的基本用法及其比较级 6．副词 副词的基本用法及其比较级 7．介词 常用介词和介词短语的用法
第四部分：阅读理解
共 20 个小题，每小题 3 分，共 60 分。该部分由 5 篇文章组成，阅读量为 1 500 词左右。每篇 文章后有若干问题，要求考生在理解全文的基础上，从题后给出的四个选项中选出一个最符合题 意的答案。
第五部分：补全对话
共 5 个小题，每小题 3 分，共 15 分。该部分为一段对话，要求考生在理解对话的基础上，运 用掌握的语言知识，补全对话内容。
语音：约 3％ 词汇与语法结构：约 10％ 完形填空：约 20％ 阅读理解：约 40％ 补全对话：约 10％ 短文写作：约 17％ 详细的考查内容和要求如下：
第一部分：语音
共 5 个小题，每小题 1 分，共 5 分。要求从所给的四个单词的划线部分中选出一个与其他三 个读音不同的选项。
第二部分：词汇与语法结构
“it作”非
8．动词 （1）动词的分类：及物动词与不及物动词；连系动词；助动词；情态动词。 （2）动词的基本形式：规则动词和不规则动词的形式变化。 （3）动词主要时态的构成、用法及时态的呼应；谓语动词与主语的一致关系。 （4）情态动词的基本用法。 （5）非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的形式及其主要用法。 （6）被动语态的构成及其基本用法。 （7）虚拟语气的常见形式及其基本用法。 9．连词
)和体裁 (包括记
叙文、说明文、描写文、议论文、应用文等 )、生词量不超过所读材料 2％的文字材料。考生应能
理解所读材料的主旨大意，掌握主要事实和有关细节，辨识作者的基本态度和观点，能根据有关
信息进行一定的推理、判断或引申。
五、补全对话
考生应熟悉日常生活会话的表达方法，包括问候、告别、介绍、感谢、拒绝、道歉、邀请、提 议、请求等话题。要求根据对话提供的信息，通过分析、判断，从所给选项中选出适合其场景的 最佳答案。
全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲 专科升本科《英语》 总要求
考生应掌握基本的英语语言基础知识并具备一定的语言运用能力，包括基本的语音、语法和词 汇，一定的阅读理解、口语交际以及初步的写作能力。
复习考试内容 一、语音
考生应能掌握下列语音规则： 3．常见字母组合的读音。 二、词汇
1．元音字母在单词中的读音；
3．句子按结构分类： （1）简单句 （2）并列句 （3）复合句 ①主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句的构成及其常用关联词 ②定语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词 ③状语从句的种类、构成及其常用关联词 （三）构词法
1．派生法：常用前缀和后缀 2．合成法 3．转换法 四、阅读
考生应能读懂各种题材 (包括社会生活、人物传记、科普、史地、政经、文化等
第六部分：短文写作
1 个小题， 25 分。这部分要求考生根据所给题目或提出的条件写出一篇 以上内容总结为：
100— 120 词的短文。
部分
考查内容
题号
题量
分值
I
语音
1~5
5
5
II
词汇与语法结构
6~20
15
15
III完形填空21Fra bibliotek3515
30
IV
阅读理解
36~55
20
60
V
补全对话
56~60
5
15
VI
共 15 个小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分。每小题留有空白处，要求考生从所给的四个选项中选 出一个最佳答案填入空白，使句子意思完整。
第三部分：完形填空
共 15 个小题，每小题 2 分，共 30 分。该部分是一篇 200 词左右的短文，短文中有 15 处空 白，每个空白为 1 小题。每小题有四个选项，要求考生在阅读理解文章内容的基础上，选择一个 最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构合理、完整。
六、短文写作
考生应能根据给定题目或提出的条件（包括给出段首句、图表或特定情境等），写出一篇 100~120 词的短文，要求能够正确表达思想，内容基本清晰完整，语言基本通顺达意，用词基本 恰当，符合文章的特定文体格式。
试卷总分： 150 分
考试形式及试卷结构
考试时间： 150 分钟 考试方式：闭卷，笔试 试卷内容比例：
并列连词及其用法，从属连词及其用法 10．感叹词 感叹词及其用法 （二）句法
1．五种基本句型 （1）主语 + 谓语动词 （2）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 （3）主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 （4）主语 + 谓语动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 （5）主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 2．句子按用途分类： （1）陈述句（肯定式与否定式）的构成及其用法 （2）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句）的构成及其用法 （3）祈使句的构成及其用法 （4）感叹句的构成及其用法