高考英语阅读技巧讲义
2023年全国新课标II卷英语真题的阅读理解命制技巧讲义-2024届高三英语一轮复习
我们以2023年全国新课标II卷英语真题的阅读理解为研究对象，从词汇、语法、题型、思维品质考核、选材以及语篇标的等六个角度，对每个语篇逐个进行微观研究，揭开新高考阅读题型的变局和题目背后的命题技术，以期更精准、更高效地服务新高三考生备战高考，同时也为高一高二阶段的英语学习指明方向，提供可行性方案。
I.词语选用生动多样新高考阅读语篇均源自外刊。
语言很地道；词汇使用多样而立体；转化词、熟词生义、构词法词汇、同义异构、短语与词块、大学四级词汇等纷纷登场。
近10年来，每年高考英语全国卷都已出现词形转化、词义转化、构词法规则转化、新教材新增词汇等"新高考词汇"现象，且愈演愈烈，本套真题卷中也是到处可见。
但较为显眼的词用变化就是阅读语篇里含有了少量的大学四级考试词汇。
1.词性转化harvest cabbage收割/采集卷心菜part v.分开;分离balloon v.膨胀;涨大2.熟词生义celebration n.赞美;歌颂representation n.描绘volume n.一卷书;一册书treasure v.珍爱name v.提及(=mention)domestic a.辖区内的3.构词法词汇backcountry n.边远地区breathtaking a.壮观的;令人赞叹的hands-on a.实际动手的;实操的low-income a.低收入的tasting n.品尝evaluation n.评估calming a.平静的//n.镇定initiator n.发起者;创始人distrust v.不信任far-reaching a.深远的predictable a.可预知的short-lived a.短命的;短暂的unidentifiable a.不能鉴别的;无法明判的artwork n.艺术品treasured a.珍爱的throwaway n.广告传单;一次性产品interactive a.互动的battery-powered a.电池供电的activate v.刺激;赋予生命park-goer n.逛公园的人submission n.提交作品established a.既存的;稳固的;成名的4.同义异构be drawn to=be attracted to被吸引tough work=difficult work艰难的工作literally=actually实际上initially=at the very beginning最初turn off=be tired of对...反感issue=problem问题representation=description描述scene=setting情景volume=book书本relate to=understand体恤;理解demonstrate=show展示a pocket park=a small park袖珍公园wellness=health=well-being健康emerge=come out=become known涌现trail=path=narrow road小路generate=create创造conserve=protect保护5.短语使用from a classical viewpoint从传统角度看aim to help...旨在帮助...be scared of害怕be eager to渴望go beyond超过;超出come into being形成;存在be absorbed in专注于be deep in thought陷入深思be lost in leisure沉浸于闲暇中relate to理解;体恤transform...into...把...转变成... in contrast to与...形成鲜明对比off-line a.脱机的;不联网的6.大学四级词汇ranger n.护林者outnumber v.数量多于dissection n.解剖;切开II.句法使用复杂高效新高考阅读语篇充斥着长句子(多数因从句存在而导致)和散句子(多数因非谓语的使用而导致)，乃至特殊句式如祈使句，还有独立主格结构的运用，都在很大程度上使得文章信息量加大、信息密度高，且使得语气更为铿锵有力，因而增加了文章说服力和与互动性。
2023届新高考英语阅读理解系统备考讲义
2022年高考英语真题学习与应试指导阅读理解篇【新高考全国卷I】真题学习+应试技巧定位+替换A篇（Information信息类）一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章主旨大意 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息二．信息定位攻略: 注意一些限定词。
尤其是this; the; these; those...,因为这是作者在给你暗示: )Grading Policies (评分政策)for Introduction(介绍;说明;导论) to Literature (文学)Grading Scale（评分标准）90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below（低于）60, E.Essays (论文)（60%）Your four major(主要的) essays will combine (结合) to form (构成) the main(主要的) part of the grade for this course(课程): Essay 1 =10%; Essay 2=15%; Essay 3=15%; Essay 4=20%Group Assignments（小组作业）（30%）Students will work in groups to complete (完成) four assignments(作业) during the course(课程). All the assignments(作业) will be submitted (提交) by the assigned (布置的)date through Blackboard, our online learning(在线学习)and course management (管理)system (系统).Daily(日常的)Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework（10%）Class activities will vary (变化) from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn(获取) directly(直接地) from assigned (布置的)readings or notes(笔记) from the previous (之前的) class' lecture(讲课；讲座)/discussion(讨论), so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally(此外), from time to time I will assign(布置) group work to be completed in class or short assignments(作业) to be completed at home, both of which will be graded (评分).Late Work (逾期作业)An essay not submitted(提交) in class on the due date () will lose a lettergrade业)由于)A. A textbook.(课本)B. An exam paper.(考试卷)C. A course plan.(课程计划)D. An academic article.(学术文章)→100%=60%+30%+10%A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.23. What will happen if you submit (提交)→超过提交截止日期后果A. You will receive (获得) a zero.[ receive=earn=get]B. You will lose a letter grade (降低一个等级评分).C. You will be given a test (测试).D. You will have to rewrite(重写) it.B篇（Introduction说明文）一．考试出题组想要你能够：1.识别并压缩文章作者写作意图 2. 识别并定位具体细节信息二．处理信息句与选项：词汇复现原则（原词复现；近同义词复现；反义词复现；上下义词复现）Like most of us, I try to be mindful(留意) of food that goes to waste (浪费). The arugula（芝麻菜）was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast (烤) chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck(放置) the chicken in the freezer(冷冻室). But as days passed, the arugula wentbad (变质). Even worse, I had unthinkingly(不假思索地) bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.In a world where nearly(将近) 800 million (百万) people a year go hungry, "food waste goes against the moral grain (食物浪费有违道德常理)," as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story (封面故事). It's jaw-dropping (令人震惊的) how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from “ugly"（but quite eatable可食用的）vegetables rejected (被拒绝) by grocers(食品杂货商)to large amounts (大量) of uneaten(未被食用的) dishes (菜肴) thrown into restaurant garbage cans(垃圾桶).Producing (生产) food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel (燃料), and other25. What is a consequence(后果) →原词+近义词复现A. Moral(道德)decline(下降).B. Environmental harm.C. Energy(能源) shortage(短缺).D. Worldwide (全球的) starvation(饥饿).26. What does C urtin's company do?→注意用专有名词大写字母单词来定位。
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧(高分秘诀)PPT课件
English?
A.A letter of complaint. B.A computer handbook.
C.A letter to a frienD. D.A story of a president.
.
15
Part 2 is People: In this part all the tests are about
people. For example, there is an informal letter between
friends. There is formal (正式的) English in biography (传
correct.
Always understanding
It is possible that some problems will arise
超实用高考英语复习：阅读理解——定位切入点,全取细节理解题
C．We waste more vegetables than meat. D．We have good reasons for wasting food.
返回导航
二轮专题复习
解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“the arugula story”可定位 到信息句“But as days passed, the arugula went bad...I could have made six salads with what I threw out.”；由信息句可知，更糟糕的是，作者 不假思索地买了太多东西，而又没有完全用掉，所以无意中浪费了食 物。unintentionally与文中的unthinkingly为同义转述。
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前， 要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌 跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要 善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检 查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。 在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面 对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”， 遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再 梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲 刺复习方法。
高考新考法
学霸好声音
1.直接细节题，采用 “原文定位”及 1.考查方式更灵活，设问方式
“原词复现”方式解答； 有所创新；
2.题干或选项中未出现原文直接信息时， 2.细节理解题在文中的答题信
2025届高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(16)讲义
一、高考英语阅读细节题三步法：第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说)二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练Key railway stations in EnglandSt Pancras InternationalLocated in London's city center on Euston Road, St Pancras International is one of the leading terminals (终点站) for Eurostar international train services from London to France, Belgium and the Netherlands.St Pancras station was established in 1868 and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.Paddington railway stationPaddington railway station is also known as Paddington Underground Station. Situated in Paddington, central London, the station is close to Marylebone and Bayswater. Paddington was opened in 1838 and is the London terminal of services operated by the Great Western Railway. King's Cross railway stationLocated on the edge of Central London in the UK, King's Cross station, or London King's Cross, is one of the country's busiest stations. It was opened in 1845 and named in honor of King George IV.Today, London King's Cross is one of the main hubs (中心) of the UK railway routes, connecting many major cities, including Edinburgh, Inverness, York, Cambridge, Newcastle, Glasgow and many other domestic routes. What's more, the famous Harry Potter platform 9³/ ₄is set on London's King's Cross station.Liverpool Lime Street railway stationLiverpool Lime Street is the central railway station in Liverpool, England. Established in 1836, the station is the oldest still-in-use grand terminal mainline station in the world. Plus, the building itself is quite impressive; its front was designed in the Renaissance Revival style.Trips from Liverpool Lime Street cover plenty of destinations across England, Wales and Scotland. And being the busiest station in Liverpool, it serves over 16 million passengers a year.1. Which station was put in use the latest of all?A. St Pancras International.B. Paddington railway station.C. King's Cross railway station.D. Liverpool Lime Street railway station.第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.Which station was put in use the latest of all?哪一个车站投入使用的最晚?第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）St Pancras station was established in 1868and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.圣潘克拉斯车站建于1868年，是维多利亚时代工程的杰作之一。
2023届高考英语阅读理解指导 细节理解题 定位信息找答案 讲义
英语阅读理解指导细节理解题——定位信息找答案一、题型特点需了解(一)明命题，懂考查方式和考查角度[命题解读]1．命题人员会要求学生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻找所需的细节。
2．细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。
细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。
[考查特点]1．把握细节理解题常见的考查方式。
(1)特殊疑问句形式：以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题；(2)填空题形式：通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节；(3)就文中数字、排序等进行提问。
2．掌握细节理解题的考查角度。
(1)高频考点：直接信息题、间接信息题。
(2)低频考点：数字计算题、正误判断题、细节排序题。
(二)细节理解题的解题捷径采用寻读法，解题分三步：(1)先读题干，抓住关键词。
(2)带着问题快速阅读文章，找出与问题有关的词语或句子。
(3)仔细对比选项和原文信息，继而找出答案。
(三)细节理解题的正确选项特征同义替换①指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one's job换成be out of work。
②有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important变换成of importance。
③改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项原文原词利用原文原词作为正确选项(四)细节理解题的干扰选项特征张冠李戴是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容无中生有符合常识，但不是文章的内容曲解文意与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动颠倒是非在意思上与原文大相径庭，甚至完全相反正误参半部分正确，部分错误二、方法技巧要知晓题型一直接信息题在解答直接信息题时，可以采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”的方法，通过定位找题眼[典例](2022·全国乙卷)Admission￡4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.22．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A．￡4.B．￡8.C．￡12.D．￡16. [解析]本题是直接信息题。
高考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧ppt
This huge dam is in the Black Canyon. It is possible to drive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road， which is on the top of the dam. This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside. … …
Sample II
According to scientists ,the DIRECT cause
of more and fiercer storms is
.
A．greenhouse gas emissions (散发)
in industrialized nations B．higher surface water temperatures
Sample II
According to scientists ,the DIRECT cause
of more and fiercer storms is
.
A．greenhouse gas emissions (散发)
in industrialized nations B．higher surface water temperatures
of the sea C．continuous global warming D．rising sea levels
… reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusaually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years . Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms.
2023届北京市高考英语复习真题阅读长难句分析技巧讲义
2023届北京市高考英语复习真题阅读长难句分析技巧讲义1.形式多样的定语P1:A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies主干：A new study shows that the vulturine guineafowl have multilevel societies.P2:Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular bird’s tiny brain size: “They don’t only have small brains relative to mammals ( 哺乳动物), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds,” he said.主干：Dr. Farine emphasizes tiny brain size.P3:There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own.intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those (whose interests and分析：There has been a campaign . 多个定语：an extensive and organized; intended to ;funded by thoseP5:It’s common knowledge that the woman in Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous painting seems to look back at observers, following them with her eyes no matter where they stand in the room. But this common knowledge turns out wrongP6:But what is typically thought to be the scientific method—develop a hypothesis ( 假设), then design an experiment to test it—isn’t what scientists actually doP8:While examples (of truly settled science being overturned) are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist.P9:Scientists have managed to turn an unassuming drone（无人机）into a remote-controlled pollinator（授粉媒介）by attaching horsehairs coated with a special, sticky gel to its underbelly.P10:The results showed that evening types scored higher than morning types on inductive reasoning, which has been shown to be a good estimate of general intelligence and a strong indicator of academic performance.2.副词或短语开头P1:Incidentally, “respondent” and “informant” are words that are sometimes used instead of “interviewee”.P2:Consistently, the researchers found, participants judged that the woman in the “Mona Lisa” portrait was not looking straight at them, but slightly off to their right. P3:Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do．3.数据的理解P1:A new study finds that the woman in the painting is actually looking out at an angle that’s 15.4 degrees off to the observer’s right—well outside of the range thatpeople normally believe when they think someone is looking right at them.P2:Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plasticsP3:The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.4.连词：P1:Our findings suggested thatcorrections.”P2:“You r e f l ec t反映on your e m o t i on a l f ee li n g s then you g e n e r a t e（产生，形成）some sort of r ec o g n i t i on j ud g m e n t, and t h e m o s t i m po r t a n t t h i n g in is that you take the a pp r op r i a t e a c t i on—y ou approach the person or you a v o i d the person,”N i e d e n t h a l says. to the f a ce changes your p e r ce p t i on how you see t h e f a ce in such a way that provides you w i t h more i n f o r m a t i on a bou t w h a t it m e a n s.” proper=appropriate 合理的惬当的Recognize认知judge判断5.人物P1:Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene.P2:A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies.P3:A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．P4:According to Mike Shatzkin, founder and CEO of the Idea Logical Company, printed books just for plain old reading will, in 10 years from now, be unusual.P5:Horstmann and his co-author were studying this effect for its application in the creation of artificial-intelligence avatars(虚拟头像)when Horstmann took a long look at the “Mona Lisa” and realized she wasn’t looking at him.6.词汇的处理P1:A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively.P2:But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical (矛盾的): that science produces both novelty and stability.P3:The minute Apple crystallizes a product, everyone knows how to compete.P4:It took me more than 10 years to realize that the world has no shortage of fashion (时尚) designers who have the ability to make trendy and elegant garments, but that it is badly in need of, simply, clothes designersP5: I believe that the most meaningful creative motives should arise through caring for other people, the great care of humanity—a concern for human feeling and spiritualityP6:The controversy is often referred to as “nature and nurture”．P7:Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts（本能）．精炼：1.Eventually, they start to lose track of （who they really are）, seeing themselves the way （their fans imagine them）, not as（the people they were）before everyone knew their names）.lose track of失去联系；跟不上发展2.When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain (抱怨)about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way （that modern tabloids and websites do）. Tabloids小报3.They focus not on （how famous they are）but （on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place）.4.People （who multitask all the time）once, a new research suggests. The findings, （based on performances andself-evaluation by about 275 college students）, （many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity.）5.Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report （how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking (寻求刺激) or imperative (冲动)they were.）6.（most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those （who thought they were better at it）were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once）.7.Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.------2013北京高考rger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.9.Surveys (调查) on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be “very” or “somewhat”overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories.10.T he fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.11.T he fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new; nor are requests for more money to be sent from home.-2015北京高考12.S o condors with high levels of lead are sent to Los Angeles Zoo, where they are treated with calcium EDTA, a chemical that removes lead from the blood over several days.13.T he college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.自主性) and the development of adult identity. However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.15.T his process involves “trying on ” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually(在思维方面) and personally.16.M oreover, the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behaviorruns up against young adults: the response to being controlled by their elders.17.I f is too strictly defined(规定) and controlled, theinsensitive or aggressive behavior（）may actually be encouraged.is the conflict between adolescent’s desire for autonomy19.E very college discussion （about community values, social climate and behavior ）should include the developmental importance of student autonomy-discovery.-2016北京高考20.W hen vaccination（疫苗接种）rates are very high, as they still are in the nation asa whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”人群性免疫, which protects the people who get hurt easily, including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.21.T hat’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.22.H ollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of killer robots is just silly.23.Icannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.”24.A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.25.I f we are not careful, a kind of global chess(very determined, super intelligent) machines (whose objectives conflict with our own), with the real world as the chessboard.26.A nyone (who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms) is talking moonshine空谈.-2017北京高考27.T o confirm that the worms‘chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films.28.B the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how thetransformation is regulated.29.T he convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport —an unwelcome side effect副作用(researchers have already found in ride-hailing(叫车) services).from the University of California at Davis replacing petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050 olicymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today -2018北京高考32.W e are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches（intended to prevent scammers from getting through.）33.A t this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human –sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.34.f or example，that a scammer（骗子）could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 's，ricking you into "confirming " your address，mother's name，and card number.35.T hat might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like Face Time or Whats App, which can be tied to your identity.36.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，whilereducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.37.A t the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms（海洋微生物）called phytoplankton.38.W arming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.--2019北京高考.3.21.20201.People (who use cross-country skiing as a workout over several weeks) will discover( that the muscles of their entire body increase in strength. )2.In addition to gaining strength in the muscles of the upper and lower body, people (who use cross-country skiing as a workout method over several weeks )will also discover that their heart is stronger. En large3.However, managers（that possess拥有their own enclosed offices）might have the feeling of being distant(远的) from their clerks, which leads to high pressure. emotion soul stress=pressure压力en-动词前后缀ensure保证enable使能够process过程4.In contrast,相反 a landscape office makesin speeding up work efficiency and productivity.it？=to communicate with, by contrary=In contrast5.Some opponents claim that a landscape景观office would lead to the decline of the value of work satisfaction and motivation from employees. However, the result （from other researchers）remained controversial（有争议的）; in their opinion there are several factors which affect job satisfaction and motivation. Keep=stay=remain Supporter反opponent claim 声明宣称Satisfied--satisfaction满足感motivate 动机6.Although the benefits of a landscape office outweigh those of an enclosed office,is better should be decided by the characteristics of the people and the type of work they do.特点特性outweigh?重于超过7.While the best solution in the long-term would be to ban fossil-fueled cars, that won’t help the millions （who are dying in the meantime）, and so some high-tech solutions are now on the cards.正在酝酿中There is probably a smoking gun. 可能已有确凿的证据8.Another promising approach can be found in Beijing, after China declared a “war against pollution” in 2014. A seven-metre-high “Smog Free Tower”, designed by a Dutch scientist, Daan Roosegaarde, opened in Beijing’s 751 D Park in Septembe r 2016.9.“It means that you are actually taking carbon(碳) out of the sky, transforming it into a material, and then using it to build,” says Dring.10.It’s extremely important to question and to use every verification(验证) method available before publication.发表” Yet those （working in newsrooms）talk of doubtful stories being tolerated because, in the words of some senior editors, “a clickfalse, it’s simply a chance for another bite at the cherry.”Extra额外的extremely=very doubtful可以的fasle错误的turn out to be 结果为simple---simply3.22.20201.The researchers m e n t i on,f o r e x a m p l e,c o m pu t e r programmers and f i n a n ce-sec t o r workers as careers requiring these t r a i t s.If Dr. Golle is c o rr ec t, and changes in attitudeb r ou g h t a bou t by the very t r a i n i n g Germany prides i t se l f on are narrowing p e op l e’sc ho i ces, that is indeed a matter w o r t h y of serious c on s i de r a t i on.2.Growing evidence shows that an i n s t i n c t f o r f a c i a l mimicry( 模仿)allows us toe m p a t h i z e w i t h and even experience other p e op l e’sf ee li ng s.3.“You r e f l ec t反映on your e m o t i on a l f ee li n g s then you g e n e r a t e（产生，形成）some sort of r ec o g n i t i on j ud g m e n t, and t h e m o s t i m po r t a n t t h i n g in is thatyou take the a pp r op r i a t e a c t i on—y ou approach the person or you a v o i d the person,”N i e d e n t h a l says. to the f a ce changes your p e r ce p t i on how you see t h e f a ce in such a way that provides you w i t h more i n f o r m a t i on a bou t w h a t it m e a n s.” proper=appropriate 合理的惬当的Recognize认知judge判断4.T h e r e’s s t r on g evidence that memory c onn ec t s a language w i t h the experiences andi n t e r a c t i on s t h r ou g h w h i c h that language was learned. For e x a m p l e,people who are bilingual (双语的) are more likely to recall an experience if reminded in the language in which that e v e n t occurred. Our childhood l a n g u a g es, learned in the middle o f p a ss i on a t e e m o t i on, become filled w i t h deep f ee li n g.5.By c o m p a r i s on,languages acquired late in li f e,especially i f t h e y are learned t h r ou g h li m i t e d i n t e r a c t i on s in the classroom or dully delivered over c o m pu t e r screens and headphones, enter our minds lacking the e m o t i on a li t y that is present f o r their n a t i v e s p e a k e r s.6.An a l t e r n a t i v e e x p l a n a t i on is that d i ff e r e n ces arise b e t w ee n n a t i v e and f o r e i g n t on g u es because our c h il dhood languages are filled w i t h greater e m o t i on s t h a n are those learned in more academic settings.7.As a result, m o r a l j ud g m e n t s made in a f o r e i g n language are less filled w i t h thee m o t i on a l r e a c t i on s that s u rf a ce when we use a language learned in c h il dhood.8.When we use a f o r e i g n l a n g u a g e, we unconsciously sink i n t o the more c a r e f u l way simply because the e ff o r t of op e r a t i n g in our non-n a t i v e language signals our c o g n i t i v e (认知的) s y s t e m to prepare f o r d i ff i c u l t a c t i v i t y.8.B u t Costa and his colleagues f ound that p r ese n t i n g the dilemma in a language that v o l un t ee r s had learned as a f o r e i g n t on g u e d r a m a t i c a ll y increased their stated willingness to push t h e s a c r i f i c i a l person off the f oo t b r i d g e,from fewer t h a n20%of r es pond e n t s working in their n a t i v e language to a bou t 50%of those using the f o r e i g n on e.9.The f i nd i n g s o f several recent s t ud i es s u gg es t that when people are f a ce d w i t h moral dilemmas (困境), t h e y do indeed respond d i ff e r e n t l y when considering t h e m in a f o r e i g n language t h a n when using their n a t i v e t on g u e.10.I s it possible that, along w i t h these d i ff e r e n ces, my moral compass ( 指南针) also po i n t s in s o m e w h a t d i ff e r e n t d i r ec t i on s depending on the language I’m using at the t i m e？。
高考英语阅读理解之写作手法题 讲义
高考英语阅读理解之写作手法题解析和练习写作手法题，在高考中多有考察;不算是一个新题型:什么叫写作手法?1、指文章的组织方式，2、全文或某个段落所运用的写作方法。
题目特点:How did the researchers carry out the new study?How did researchers collect evidence for the study?How did the researchers reach their conclusion?This advertisement is made more believable byThe author supports his view by0How did the two professors reach the conclusion of their study?In which way did researchers draw a conclusion?必备词汇:by analyzing different categories分析不同的类别analyzing the reasons分析原因classifying分类comparing data比较数据comparing the statistics比较统计数据conducting experiments进行实验写作手法题解题技巧根据"原文定位"来判断先根据题干判断是具体某段还是全文写作手法，然后寻找标志词，进而找到答案。
①by giving examples 通过举例。
标志词:for example，for instance②by analyzing causes通过分析原因。
标志词:as a result/consequence!ens③by giving definition通过下定义。
标志词:that is to say④by listing data statistics/figures通过列数字。
高考英语全国甲卷阅读理解CD篇解析讲义高三英语一轮复习
2023年高考英语全国甲卷阅读理解C篇讲义I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.Eric Weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is something we don’t have a lot of.28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?A. Foucault.B. Eric Weiner.C. Jostein Gaarder.D. A college teacher.29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?A. To compare Weiner with them.B. To give examples of great works.C. To praise their writing skills.D. To help readers understand Weiner’s book.30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?A. Its views on history are well-presented.B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C. It includes comments from readers.D. It leaves an open ending.31. What does the author think of Weiner’s book?A. Objective and plain.B. Daring and ambitious.C. Serious and hard to follow.D. Humorous and straightforward.文章分析阅读理解的CD篇文章里出现的主要是说明文和议论文，所以在看到这篇文章前两段讲述“13岁的时候”和“上大学以后”时，你应该立刻意识到，这篇文章应该不是记叙文，是用作者自身的经历作为文章的引入环节，也就是各位看到的那种提问文章开头的作用的题目里经常选择的正确答案“introduction”。
高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(01)讲义
一、高考英语细节题考察概况：1.宏观考察概况：细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。
细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。
2.微观考察概况：（1）设问方式特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节，或就文中的数字进行提问。
（2）考察规律①正确选项特征A.同义替换（原句重复出现，200%错。
正确的都是有改动的，即同义替换。
）(1)替换关键词。
把原文的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one's job换成了be out of occupation(2)改变词性。
把原文中的一些词变换了一下词性，如把so much important变换成of importance(3)改变语态。
把原文主动语态转为被动语态，如restoring and repairing the bridge变换成the bridge was restoring and reparing.B.信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息; 正确答案具有概括性（考察考生的理解归纳能力），深刻性，因为其考查的对象是阅读文章的重点和要点。
C.正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项比如说：I constantly remained confused about the learning predicament.我一直对学习的困境感到困惑。
②干扰选项特征A.张冠李戴，无中生有B.曲解文意，答非所问C.颠倒是非，因果倒置，无原因推导（过度推断）D.正误参半，盲目推断，正反混淆二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法：第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说)三、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练1.What do we know about Astro Access?A. It redesigns jet airplanes.B. It offers weightlessness experience.C. It provides physical treatmentD. It hires the disabled to be astronauts第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.What do we know about Astro Access?我们对星际通道了解多少?问的角度是什么what；对象是星际通道第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero Gravity flight, organized by the group Astro Access. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space. Flying over the Pacific Ocean off Southern California, the modified 747 jet airplane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allowing the flyers multiple periods of weightlessness.The experience left Mazyck feeling joyful. “The flight was something that I would never have experienced in my wildest dreams," she says, “especially the floating the weightlessness.原词对应：weightlessness（失重；无重状态）；experience（体验）；由于这段话没有出现转折连接词，所以判断这个段落各个句子的逻辑关系是顺承关系段落翻译：Mazyck是由Astro Access组织的零重力飞行的12名参与者之一。
高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧之主旨大意题讲义
主旨大意题一、总体解题思路1、宏观上分清文章体裁（记叙文、科普类的说明文议论文）和捋清文章行文脉络二、记叙文：主旨一般在首段和尾段出现（扫读重点关注首尾段各段首尾句或第二句以及转折处句子）第1篇I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voiceand they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.As a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]首先先快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子每段有每段的中心句这个中心句可能是全文主旨句也可能只是本段的主旨所以为了更全面把握主旨中心需要每段都要扫读到I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.and an addedsource(来源) ofAs a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]既然是记叙文一般就从首尾段找主旨I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.As a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]从首尾段提取主题词可以快速缩小选择范围提高准确率即微观上要抓住主题词那么主题词特征有以下几个●反复高频出现●绝大多数以名词为主动词和形容词为辅●出现时往往前有铺垫后有解释说明I和library 就是反复出现高频词并且说的就是I和library的关系优先排除A和B 都属于无中生有显然Young属于偷换概念只有D 和主题词切合并且逻辑关系是呼应的即I和library的关系第2篇Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume thatmore is more when it es to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the preholidays a good time to encourage young children to donate lessused things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten daughter is serious about being a doctor)For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ballsimple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, pletely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.[ 2018全国III卷D ]首先先快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子（每段有每段的中心句这个中心句可能是全文主旨句也可能只是本段的主旨所以为了更全面把握主旨中心需要每段都要扫读到）Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that提取首尾段首先排除A 和D 显然文中没有提及属于无中生有文中是帮助孩子学习而B的向孩子学习显然属于颠倒逻辑答案C就是直接来自首段尾句其实当文章自问自答或者提出了问题那么后面的回答就是文章的主题三、科普类文章：主旨一般与研究结果或专家建议观点紧密相关快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论第3篇We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, around by people who are, like us, deeply look at their smartphones or, worse, fighting with the unfortable silence.What's the problem? It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's challenging, or we think it's unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big advantages. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social munication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just municate with them."In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to look for an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their waiter reported higher positive (积极的) feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband." says Dunn. But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our wellbeing also."Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a greater sense of belonging (归属感), a relationship with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners." he says [2018II卷D篇]通过每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子找出观点结论性的词句We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, around by people who are, like us, deeply look at their smartphones or, worse, fighting with the unfortable silence.首段只是一个铺垫而第二段but转折词后面信息才是关键信息，Small talk是在文中反复出现的高频词文章结构属于总分结构：铺垫+总观点+分别解释科普类文章的一大特点提出一个现象或问题再提出观点结论然后进行解释说明首先就可以排除A和C 那么B和D 那个和主旨更切合呢B和D结构相同都是of结构显然D文中并没有提到ways，而是反复在讲advantages第4篇We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.Oh Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of seadwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land," said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. "We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders," Dr. Jubilado said. I could see them actually walking under the sea.' In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. "It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. [ 2020 全国III卷D篇]快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论the past few thousand years.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at highthere were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. [ 2020 全国III卷D篇]显然首段的首句就是一种观点，第二句又用科学研究发现来进一步证实另外evolution及近义词是反复出现的高频词文章属于总分结构：总观点+分别解释这道题难在出题者对选项答案进行了巧妙化处理并没有直接使用文中的词句故意进行了变换增加了难度和迷惑性不过可以先使用排除法B选项skills文中并未提及属于无中生有，偏离文章主题D 选项中的字眼Best绝对化像这样的选项除非文中明确指出来了，否则带有绝对性字眼的选项不要选另外文中说的是better而非best C选项methods文中也未提到属于无中生有正面分析 A 选项关键词就是remodeled 进行拆分re再次ed过去分词表完成状态model 模式模型——再模型化——重构改型含义=evolution出题者为了增加难度往往把正确答案设定成原文词的同义词近义词或短语第5篇Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overing this very tiny big problem? lt's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案). "We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager."There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal?' Basically, it's 'I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers e and really do an inperson review, and..it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. （2019全国IlI卷D篇）快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hoursand..it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. （2019全国IlI卷D篇）首段提出问题but转折之后的尾句才是关键信息而第二段首句直接给出观点回答问题，NASA HUNCH是反复出现的词典型的总分结构：铺垫+总观点+分别解释提出问题解决问题解释说明其实有时候归纳出文章主旨并不难，而难在出题人在选项上故意设置陷阱迷惑我们，刁难大家让你误入歧途所以我们要紧紧抓住主旨去排除错误选项，选择正确选项本文主旨说的是NASA的HUNCH项目与high school classrooms之间关系HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. 那么首先可以排除A和C 因为A只讲了NASA 而后面的the home 纯属无中生有而C选项Nature是属于偷换概念用于代替NASA显然不对另外文中也没有提及outdoor classroom那么D中虽然有HUNCH 但后面讲的是大学准入改革而HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. 说的是有影响并不是说HUNCH program就是准入改革风马牛不相及只有B选项提到了Space 与NASA有关对应后面还提到homework与high school classrooms 紧密相关对应B选项同时把space和homework联系起来与文中主旨NASA与high school classrooms联系是呼应的贴合的总结解主旨题要把明确文章体裁握住文章的行文脉络和结构从每段首尾句或第二句及转折处句子找主旨段主旨句主题词从而归纳出主旨还要紧扣主旨去选择和排除那么具有迷惑性的错误答案另外明确了文章了主旨对于读懂文章和做其他题型都有帮助毕竟主旨对全文和所有的题都有统摄作用作者不可能偏离主题去写文章出题者也不可能偏离主题去出题。
2025届高考英语专题复习-阅读理解解题技巧指导课件
2.加强快速训练，培养“时间感”。
阅读理解总容量较大，共近1500字。要想在一定时间内完成四篇文章，必须要 有速度作为保证。对于四篇阅读理解文章的阅读量加上一篇七到五的阅读量，考 试说明建议所用时间为35分钟，所以这五篇文章的题目要在日常训练中的规定时 间内完成。
cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is
not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not
kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a
A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects
分析问题
① This article is particularly written for ___. ② When the writer says … he really means ___. ③ The author’s attitude to… is that ___. ④ What kind of atmosphere does the writer want to create in this passage? ⑤ What is the tone of the writer / passage ? ⑥ The writer’s purpose in writing this story is ___.
2023届高考英语阅读高分讲义：基础解题技法
2023届高考英语阅读高分讲义：基础解题技法精讲所有阅读题的本质就是对文章内容的同意替换。
不管什么题型，正确答案必然是文章某部分内容，或者文章背后所蕴含的某个概念的同意替换。
由这个原则可以衍生出来四个要点——01正确答案必然100%在文章中能够找到依据，其余答案哪怕有90%都与文章内容相似，只要能找出反例或有一处对应不上，也是不正确的。
（这个原则在模棱两可不知道选什么的时候尤其重要）。
02正确答案必然是符合文章主旨大意的，其他答案如果表述正确但不符合文章主旨大意，仍视为错误答案（也就是说其他选项在客观上是没错的，但是不是这个题要问的）。
03做题不能跟着感觉选，一定要在文章中找到根据，所有成分是否能对应上。
04做题的时候思维一定要限制在文章中，不能自己主观随意添加联系。
（也就是说，哪怕文章中的观点说的再离谱，只要作者说是对的，那就是对的。
千万别被自己的常识和主观联系所干扰）。
先看题还是先看文章？先看题，看一道题就带着题干中给出的信息去文章当中寻找。
然后这道题做完之后，再看下一道题题干的信息，这样依次下去。
因为一次性把题看完再去读文章的话，题干的信息根本就记不住，反而浪费了时间。
同样先看完文章再看题，同样也是比较浪费时间的，因为大多数情况下，看完文章之后做题的时候还得返回去再看。
所以看一道题，就去针对这道题看文章，这样的做法，比较有效率。
但是这种操作，就特别需要锻炼出一种能力，就是“通过快速提取题干的有效信息，在原文当中寻找”的能力，也就是说，咱们读文章，也不是稀里糊涂地去读，而是一定要带着这个问题在文章里面去找跟它相关的东西。
注意，不是囫囵吞枣一样的泛泛而读，而是快速的查找。
这是在思维上的不同。
阅读题型阅读题型大致上有细节题，因果关系题，判断题，段落信息题，文章大意题，寻找文章标题题，文章结构题，作者态度题。
做题的时候，先看看这是个什么题型，然后不同的题型采取不同的策略。
这是一个很重要的经验，往往被许多人所忽略。
高考英语高考英语阅读理解的解题方法与技巧PPT课件
• In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
若短文由若干段组成，除仔细阅读第一段的首句外， 还须仔细阅读每一段的第一句，即段落中心。还有些文 章中心句在全文的最后。此类文章往往以列举事实开头， 通过论证最后阐述核心观点。因此，仔细阅读这类文章
或段落的首尾句是关键 。
Sample 1
• People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven‘t eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti（意大利面条）, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink.
2023届高考英语阅读技法讲义：文章大意题讲义
2023届高考英语阅读技法讲义：文章大意题精讲题型概览（一）一般会直接问这篇文章主要是关于什么的，或者是主要讲了什么，非常直接。
比如“in discussing the US jury system, the text centers on_______”“Which of the following is the text mainly about ?”（二）出题人不会直接问文章的主旨大意是什么，而是换个角度，考察这篇文章的标题是什么。
常见的问法比如“What would be the best title for the text?”。
这里需要注意的是，英文里面，尤其是高考阅读的文章中，这些文章的标题，一定是文章的主旨大意所涉及的东西，不会像中文的一些文章那样，标题和文章主题看起来没有什么关联。
在高考阅读的文章里，题目和文章的主旨大意，是可以直接划等号的。
解题策略一、最传统做法流传最广的一种常规解法，看文章的第一二段和最后一段。
看看这些部分有没有首尾呼应。
要是有，大概率就是文章的主旨大意了，毕竟英文文章一般来讲还是比较讲究逻辑结构的。
但是，这种解法有一点问题，那就是有的文章，并不是这样的总分总结构，现在出题人也很聪明，也学会了反套路，第一段不一定就直接点题，有的时候也会作为一个引子，例如讲点故事之类的来引出主题。
最后一段，也不一定会来一个总结。
因此，光看首尾部分，并不能百分百把这个题做出来。
三、最适用做法最适用的解法。
在讲这个解法之前，首先要树立这样一个观念：一篇好的英文文章，各个段落的主旨句串联在一起的话，也会构成一个相对完整的段落。
写作如此，阅读的文章同样也是如此，在做此类题的时候，可以把每一段的中心句找出来，将中心句串联在一起，看看这些串联在一起之后的一堆中心句讲了什么，什么样的内容占主体，那么这个占主体的内容，就是文章的主旨大意或者是段落标题了。
这个方法比第一个方法使用范围要宽广很多，可以说是最正规的解法。
攻克高考英语阅读理解四大文体讲义
攻克2024年高考英语阅读理解四大文体阅读理解题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容；体裁多样，以应用文、记叙文、说明文和议论文为主。
不同的文体有不同的写作手法，相应地有不同的阅读方法。
掌握这四种常见文体的特点，对于快速把握文章主旨和提高解题效率有极大的帮助。
文体一说明文——抓住结构，关注行文说明文通常是通过举例子、作比较、分类别、析结果、列数字和引用等手段，具体描述一项研究或者介绍一项新产品、新技术，让读者了解信息，说明文通常不包含作者的个人观点。
高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识，动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文，文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。
【感悟真题】(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读D)As cities balloon with growth，access to nature for people living in urban areas is being harder to you’re lucky，there might be a pocket park near where you live，but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans，but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well－being.The research team focused on a large urban surveyed several hundred park－goers，asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the researchers then examined these submissions，coding (编码) experiences into different example，one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”.Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to the coding of all submissions，half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to include encountering wildlife，walking along the edge of water，and following an established trail.Naming each nature experience creates a usable language，which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to example，the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the downtown during a workday，they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human－nature interactions back into our daily for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，”said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.32.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?A.Pocket parks are now popular.B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities.C.Many cities are overpopulated.D.People enjoy living close to nature.33.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?A.To pare different types of park－goers.B.To explain why the park attracts tourists.C.To analyze the main features of the park.D.To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.34.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5?A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature.C.The same nature experience takes different forms.D.The nature language enhances work performance.35.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?nguage study.B.Environmental conservation.C.Public education.D.Intercultural munication.自主解答：【命题分析】【备考策略】说明文阅读量大，生僻词汇多，句式结构复杂，题目往往涉及推理判断题和主旨大意题。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
b. The writer wrote the story in order to …
c. The main purpose of announcing the above events is …
d. What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph ?
-- Do you hear that the chairman resighed his position in a sudden.
-- __B_? He did very well in his performance.
A What if B What's up C It's up to you D What's matter
一 、试题设计特点：
1 .题材：日常生活、风俗习惯、 人物传记、文化教育、社会、史地、科 技、 政治、经济等。
2 .体裁：记叙文、说明文、议论 文、应用文等。
3 .阅读量大；阅读速度要求每分 钟 50— 60个词。
4试题设计侧重深层理解。
二、题目类型： 1主旨大意题：-----主题类：
a. Which of the following best gives the main idea of…
数据推算、信息比较及辨别例证等。
3. 猜测词义题
4.推理判断、意图揣测题：
(1)It is most likely to be inferred from the passage that …
(2)Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage ?
------标题类 a. The best headline (标题)for this article
is …
b. What would be the best title for the text ?
c. What is the subject discussed in the text ?
2.事实与细节题： 时间、地点、人物、经过、结果、识图、
22.A .national C .cultural
B.embarrassing D .amazing
训练4：08济南一摸 阅读表达: You should have done a lot of physical exercise, in reality, you are not really up to the job. ____________不_能__胜_任__这__份_工__作__________
训练2：2009 济南高考摸底考试 阅读表达 翻译
Four British ships fired on the Bismark, finally, this huge warship struck the icebergs then sang.
_______________________________________________ 训练3：2010年广东高考试题 完形填空
Last week, Grathy experienced his most unforgettable thing in his life. That day, he was dealing with the strike in his office, after the clock struck twelve, when the earthquake happened. The huge stones fell down in succession, striking him on the body. He was stuck in the ruins in total darkness. He was about to despair when it struck him that there was a box of match on the desk, he fumbled carefully, finding them luckily and struck it. By the dim light, he found an iron bar, striking the stones for help. Fortunately, a rescue worker heard him, making every effort to save him successfully. He was struck by his spirits of saving the wounded, being thankful to win the rebirth.
训练5：2008年高考试题 全国卷II 完形填空
From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I write a note. Often written on a napkin (餐巾), it might be a thank-you for a special moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of __23__ for the coming test or sporting event.
(3)The author most probably implies in this section that …
(4)What can we conclude from the text?
猜测词训练题1： Please find out the different meanings of “strike” in the passage