考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷94.doc

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2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江工商大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：94

2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江工商大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题It was 1961, and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didn’t know enough to really care. My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night. The background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses’ hoofs from “Wagon Train” or “Cheyenne” and laughter from “I Love Lucy”, or “Mister Ed”. After supper, we’d sprawl on Mom’s bed and stare for hours at the tube.But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But, she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned — books. So she came home one day, snapped off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. “You boys are going to read two books every week,” she said. “And you’re going to write me a report on what you read.”We moaned and complained about how unfai r it was. Besides, we didn’t have any books in the house other than Mom’s Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were: “I’ll drive you to the library.”So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the children’s books.I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them.The first book I read clear through was Chip the Dam Builder. It was about beavers. For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my surroundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home.It didn’t dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page.Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed sanctuary from my other world. I moved from animals to plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny thing happened: I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldn’t wait to get home to my books.Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of pediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins Children’s Center in Baltimore. Sometimes I still can’t believe my life’s journey, from a failing and indifferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery.But I know when the journey began — the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library. 1. We can learn from the beginning of the passage that （）.2. Which of the following is NOT true about the author’s family?3. The mother was to （）make her two sons switch to reading books.4. How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first?5. The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT that（）. 问题1选项A.the author and his brother had done poorly in schoolB.the author had realized how important schooling wasC.the author had been very concerned about his school workD.the author had spent much time watching TV after school问题2选项A.His mother worked as a cleaner.B.He came from a middle-class family.C.He came from a single-parent family.D.His mother had received little education.问题3选项A.hesitantB.determinedC.reluctantD.unprepared问题4选项A.They were afraid.B.They were reluctant.C.They were indifferent.D.They were eager to go.问题5选项A.he began to see something in his mindB.he could go back to read the books againC.he could visualize what he read in his mindD.he realized that books offered him new experience【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:B第4题:B第5题:B【解析】1.【试题答案】D【试题解析】细节事实题。

考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷98(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷98(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.C．How women have been struggling for full membership of the Stock Exchange.D．How women were gradually allowed to work in the Stock Exchange.正确答案：D解析：从文中内容可知，A、B两个选项与文章无关，应首先排除。

C项应排除，本文重点并不是讲述妇女如何斗争，如何争取进入证券交易所，而是讲述证券交易所的理事会怎样阻挠妇女进入证券交易所，但同时又不得不逐步退让，让妇女进入交易所工作。

只有D项为正确答案。

知识模块：阅读理解When we talk about intelligence, we do not mean the ability to get a good score on a certain kind of test, or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a style of life, a life, a way of behaving in various situations. The true test of intelligence is not how much we know how to do, but how we behave when we don’t know what to do. The intelligent person, young or old, meeting a new situation or problem, opens himself up to it. He tries to take in with mind and senses everything he can about it. He thinks about it, instead of about himself or what it might cause to happen to him. He grapples with it boldly, imaginatively, resourcefully, and if not confidently, at least hopefully; if he fails to master it, he looks without fear or shame at his mistakes and learns what he can from them. This is intelligence. Clearly its roots lie in a certain feeling about life, and one’s self with respect to life. Just as clearly, unintelligence is not what most psychologists seem to suppose, the same thing as intelligence, only less of it. It is an entirely different style of behavior, arising out of entirely different set of attitudes. Years of watching and comparing bright children with the not-bright, or less bright, have shown that they are very different kinds of people. The bright child is curious about life and reality, eager to get in touch with it, embrace it, unite himself with it. There is no wall, no barrier, between himself and life. On the other hand, the dull child is far less curious, far less interested in what goes on and what is real, more inclined to live in a world of fantasy. The bright child likes to experiment, to try things out. He lives by the maxim that there is more than one way to skin a cat. If he can’t do something one way, he’ll try another. The dull child is usually afraid to try at all. It takes a great deal of urging to get him to try even once; if that try fails, he is through. Nobody starts off stupid. Hardly an adult in a thousand, or ten thousand could in any three years of his life learn as much, grow as much in his understanding of the world around him, as every infant learns and grows in his first three years. But what happens, as we grow older, to this extraordinary capacity for learning and intellectual growth? What happens is that it is destroyed, and more than by any other one thing, it is destroyed by the process that we misname education—a process that goes on in most homes and schools.5．The writer believes that intelligence is______.A．doing well in schoolB．doing well on some examinationsC．a certain type of behaviorD．good scores on tests正确答案：C解析：本题的依据是文章第1段的第2句话By intelligence we mean a style of life，a life，a way of behaving in various situations，从中可知C项为正确答案。

考博士英语试题及答案

考博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

（每题2分，共10分）[短文内容略](1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) What does the author suggest about the future of technology?(3) Why are some people hesitant to adopt new technologies?(4) What is the role of education in technological advancement?(5) How can individuals contribute to the development of technology?2. 阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择最佳答案。

（每题2分，共10分）[文章内容略](1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) E3. 阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容回答问题。

（每题3分，共20分） [文章内容略](1) What is the primary purpose of the article?(2) How does the author describe the impact of globalization?(3) What are some of the challenges faced by developing countries?(4) What solutions does the author propose to address the issues?(5) What is the author's conclusion regarding the futureof globalization?二、词汇与语法（共30分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。

考博英语模拟试题

考博英语模拟试题一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）阅读下列文章，然后回答后面的问题。

文章一：随着全球化的发展，英语作为国际交流的主要语言，其重要性日益凸显。

然而，对于非英语母语国家的学生来说，学习英语往往是一项挑战。

本文将探讨英语学习的难点以及应对策略。

1. 英语中存在大量的不规则动词，这些动词的过去式和过去分词形式往往没有规律可循。

例如，“go”的过去式是“went”，而“eat”的过去分词是“eaten”。

学生需要通过大量的记忆和实践来掌握这些不规则形式。

2. 英语的发音对于许多非母语者来说也是一个难题。

英语中有多种音标，而且不同地区口音的差异也会影响学习者的理解。

因此，提高听力和口语能力需要大量的听力训练和模仿练习。

3. 英语词汇量庞大，学习者需要不断扩充词汇量。

除了课本学习，阅读英文原著、观看英文电影和参加英语角等活动都是有效的学习方式。

4. 英语语法结构复杂，尤其是从句的使用。

学习者需要通过练习和分析来掌握不同从句的用法。

5. 英语文化背景知识也是学习过程中不可忽视的一部分。

了解英语国家的历史、文化和习俗可以帮助学习者更好地理解语言背后的深层含义。

问题：1. 英语中不规则动词的难点在于它们的什么？2. 为什么英语发音对于非母语者来说是一个挑战？3. 扩充英语词汇量的有效方法有哪些？4. 英语语法中哪个部分对于学习者来说较为复杂？5. 为什么了解英语国家的文化背景对学习者很重要？文章二：在现代科技的推动下，人工智能（AI）技术正迅速发展，并逐渐渗透到我们生活的方方面面。

AI技术不仅在工业生产中发挥着重要作用，也在医疗、教育、交通等领域展现出巨大的潜力。

1. AI技术在医疗领域的应用主要体现在辅助诊断、个性化治疗和远程医疗等方面。

通过深度学习算法，AI能够分析大量的医疗数据，帮助医生做出更准确的诊断。

2. 在教育领域，AI可以提供个性化学习方案，根据学生的学习进度和理解能力，调整教学内容和难度，从而提高学习效率。

考博英语(阅读理解)-试卷80.doc

考博英语（阅读理解）-试卷80(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Too much alcohol dulls your senses, but a study in Japan shows that moderate drinkers have a higher IQ than teetotalers. Researchers at the National Institute for Longevity Sciences in Aichi Prefecture, 250 kilometers west of Tokyo, tested the IQs of 2000 people between the ages of 40 and 79. They found that, on average, men who drank moderately — defined as less than 540 milliliters of sake or wine a day — had an IQ that was 3. 3 points higher that men who did not drink at all. Women drinkers scored 2. 5 points higher than female teetotalers. The type of alcohol didn't influence the results. The volunteers tried a variety of tipples, which ranged from beer and whisky to wine and sake. The researchers are quick to point out that the results do not necessarily show that drinking will make you more intelligent. "It's very difficult to show a cause-effect relationship," says senior researcher Hiroshi Shimokata. "We screened subjects for factors such as income and education, but there may be other factors such as lifestyle and nutritional intake. " Shimokata says that people who drink sake, or Japanese rice wine, tend to eat more raw fish. This could be a factor in enhanced intelligence, as fish often contain essential fatty acids that have been linked to brain development. Similarly, wine drinkers eat a lot of cheese, which is not something Japanese people normally consume or buy. Shimokata says the high fat content of cheese is thought to be good for the brain. If alcoholic drinks are directly influencing IQ, Shimokata believes chemicals such as polyphenols could be the critical factor. They are known to have antioxidant properties and other beneficial effects on ageing bodies, such as dilating constricted coronary arteries. The study is part of a wider research project to find out why brain function deteriorates with age.（分数：10.00）(1).The Japanese study was carried out on______.（分数：2.00）A.the development of IQB.the secret of longevityC.the brain food in a glassD.the amount of healthy drinking(2).The Japanese researchers found a higher IQ in______.（分数：2.00）A.female teetotalers than in male onesB.female drinkers than in male onesC.moderate drinkersD.teetotalers(3).When he says that it is very difficult to show cause-effect relationship, Shimokata means that______.（分数：2.00）A.the study failed to involve such variables as income and educationB.he is doubtful of the findings of the investigationC.there are some other contributing factorsD.the results were just misleading(4).From Shimokata's mention of fish and cheese we can infer that in enhancing intelligence______.（分数：2.00）A.sake or wine is a perfect match for fish and cheeseB.they promote the drinking effect of sake or wineC.they are not as effective as sake and wineD.sake or wine is not alone(5).Based on the study, Shimokata would say that______.（分数：2.00）A.intelligence improves with ageB.IQ can be enhanced in one way or anotherC.polyphenols in alcohol may boost the brainD.Alcoholic drinks will make you more intelligentThere is currently abroad a new wave of appreciation for breadth of knowledge. Curricula at universities and colleges and programs in federal agencies extol(赞扬)the virtues of a broad education. For scientists who work in specialized jobs, it is a pleasure to escape in our spare time to read broadly in fields distant from our own. Some of us have made interdisciplinary study in our occupation, which is no surprise, because much of the intellectual action in our society today lies at the interfaces between traditional disciplines. Environmental science is a good example, because it frequently requires us to be conversant in several different sciences and even some unscientific fields. Experiencing this breadth of knowledge is stimulating, but so is delving deeply into a subject. Both are wonderful experiences that are complementary practical and aesthetic(美学的)ways. They are like viewing the marvelous sculpture of knowledge in two different ways. Look at the sculpture from one perspective and you see the piece in its entirety, how its components connect to give it form, balance, and symmetry. From another viewpoint you see its detail, depth, and mass. There is no need to choose between these two perspectives in art. To do so would subtract from the totality of the figure. So it is with science. Sometimes we gaze through a subject and are reluctant to stop for too much detail. As chemists, we are fascinated by computer sciences or molecular genetics, but not enough to become an expert. Or we may be interested in an analytical technique but not enough to stay at its cutting edge. At other times, we become immersed in the detail of a subject and see its beauty in an entirely different way than when we browse. It is as if we penetrate the surface of the sculpture and pass through the crystal structure to the molecular level where the code for the entire structure is revealed. Unfortunately, in our zeal for breadth or depth, we often feel that it is necessary to diminish the value of the other. Specialists are sometimes ridiculed with names such as "nerd" or "technocrats" , generalists are often criticized for being too "soft" or knowing too little about any one thing. Both are ludicrous(可笑的)accusations that deny a part of the reality of environmental science. Let us not be divided by our passion for depth or breadth. The beauty that awaits us on either route is too precious to stifle, too wonderful to diminish by bickering(争吵).（分数：10.00）(1).From a broad education to interdisciplinary study, we can see____.（分数：2.00）A.the integration of theory with practiceB.the enthusiasm for breadth of knowledgeC.the rapid division of traditional disciplinesD.the confrontation between specialists and generalists(2).The commentator would say that the totality of the sculpture of knowledge____.（分数：2.00）A.is mainly composed of two elementsB.presents two different points of viewC.cannot be perceived from one perspectiveD.is a whole made up of complementary elements(3).Just because we become engrossed in the detail of a subject, according to the comment, does not mean that we____.（分数：2.00）A.can have an understanding of itB.will develop into an expertC.will perceive its entiretyD.are interested in it(4).It is commentator's contention that neither specialists nor generalists____.（分数：2.00）A.have zeal for the totality of the knowledge sculptureB.represent the depth and breadth of knowledgeC.are necessarily supposed to belittle the otherD.can be qualified as environmental scientists(5).Which of the following can be the best title for the comment?（分数：2.00）A.Interdisciplinary Study as Our Occupation.B.Breath and Depth of Knowledge.C.The Ways of Doing Science.D.The Beauty of Science.An abandoned airfield near a former Nazi concentration tramp may soon feature pagodas and Tai Chi parks. A $ 700 million project aims to give Germany its own Chinatown 22 miles north of Berlin in the town of Oranienburg, housing 2, 000 residents by 2010. The investor group behind the scheme hopes the new Chinatown will attract tourists and business to rival the famed Chinatowns of San Francisco and New York by delivering an "authentic Chinese experience. " "You'll be able to experience China, go out for a Chinese meal, and buy Chinese goods," says Stefan Kunigam, managing director of Bandenburg-China-Project-Management GmbH. The project has attracted investors in both Germany and China, reports Christoph Lang of Berlin's Trade and Industry promotion Office. "Chinese investors have already asked if we have a Chinatown here. " He says. " The cultural environment is very important for them. You cannot build a synthetic Chinatown. " Germany is home to about 72,000 Chinese migrants(2002 Federal Statistical Office figures), but the country has not had a Chinatown since the early 1930s in Hamburg, when most of the city's 2,000 Chinese residents fled or were arrested by the Nazis. German's more-recent history with anti-foreigner extremism remains a problem even within the government, reports Deutsche Welle(DW), Germany's international broadcaster. DW notes that National Democratic Party lawmaker Holger Apfel's xenophobic(恐外的)comments about "state-subsidized Oriental mega-families" at first went largely uncriticized. "Every fourth German harbors anti-foreigner sentiments," DW quotes Miriam Gruss, a Free Democratic Party parliamentarian. "Right-wing extremism is clearly rooted in the middle of society. It's not a minor phenomenon. " The German government initiated a special youth for Democracy and Tolerance program in January 2007 as part of its tolerance-building efforts. While it is not clear how many Chinese migrants will ultimately settle in the new German Chinatown, developers hope the project will increase Germans' understanding for China and Chinese culture.（分数：10.00）(1).If set up, according to the passage, the new German Chinatown will probably be______.（分数：2.00）A.a rival to the Chinatowns of San Francisco and New YorkB.mainly made of pagodas and Tai Chi parksC.located in the north suburbs of BerlinD.the biggest one in Germany(2).When he says that you cannot build a synthetic Chinatown, Lang means______.（分数：2.00）A.the real imported goods made in ChinaB.the authoritative permission for the projectC.the importance of the location for a ChinatownD.the authentic environment to experience Chinese culture(3).By mentioning the population of Chinese migrants in Germany, the author most probably means that______.（分数：2.00）A.it is too late to build a ChinatownB.it is their desire to save a ChinatownC.it is important to create jobs for themD.it is necessary to have a Chinatown there(4).According to the passage, German anti-foreigner extremism______.（分数：2.00）A.can seed the new community with hatredB.could be an obstacle to the projectC.will absolutely kill the planD.is growing for the scheme(5).The message from the plan is clear: ______.（分数：2.00）A.to build a new communityB.to fight against right-wing extremismC.to promote more cultural understandingD.to increase Chinese's understanding of GermanyWhatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the Internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America's Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them ? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date. In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same. It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13, 500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further. Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development(OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable. The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.（分数：10.00）(1).By saying "Newspapers like ... their own doom"(Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper______.（分数：2.00）A.neglected the sign of crisisB.failed to get state subsidiesC.were not charitable corporationsD.were in a desperate situation(2).Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because______.（分数：2.00）A.readers threatened to pay lessB.newspapers wanted to reduce costsC.journalists reported little about these areasD.subscribers complained about slimmer products(3).Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they______.（分数：2.00）A.have more sources of revenueB.have more balanced newsroomsC.are less dependent on advertisingD.Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews(4).What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?（分数：2.00）A.Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.pleteness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.C.Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.D.Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.(5).The most appropriate title for this text would be______.（分数：2.00）A.American Newspapers: Struggling for SurvivalB.American Newspapers: Gone with the WindC.American Newspapers: A Thriving BusinessD.American Newspapers: A Hopeless Story。

考博英语模拟试卷89(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语模拟试卷89(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. English-Chinese Translation 3. Chinese-English Translation 4. WritingReading ComprehensionWhile the polltakers are most widely known for their political surveys, the greatest part of their work is on behalf of American business. There are three kinds of commercial surveys. One is a public relations research, such as that done for banks, which finds out how the public feels about a company. Another is employee-attitude research, which learns from rank-and-file workers how they really feel about their jobs and their bosses, and which can avert strikes by getting to the bottom of grievances quickly. The third, and probably most spectacular, is marketing research, testing public receptivity to products and designs. The investment a company must make for a new product is enormous--$ 5,000,000 to $10,000,000, for instance, for just one new product. Through the surveys a company can discover in advance what objections the public has to competing products, and whether it really wants a new one. These surveys are actually a new set of signals permitting better communication between business and the general public--letting them talk to each other. Such communication is vital in a complex society like our own. Without it, we would have not only tremendous waste but the industrial anarchy of countless new unwanted products appearing and disappearing.1．The title below that best expresses the main idea of this passage is ______.A．The PolltakerB．Business Asks QuestionsC．Behind the Scenes in BusinessD．Our Complex Business World正确答案：B解析：最恰当地表达本文大意的标题是：企业提出一些问题。

考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionTo us it seems so natural to put up an umbrella to keep the water off when it rains. But actually the umbrella was not invented as protection against rain. Its first use was as a shade against the sun. Nobody knows who first invented it, but the umbrella was used in very ancient times. Probably the first to use it were the Chinese, way back in the eleventh century B.C. We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade. And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority. In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices. In Europe, the Greeks were the first to use the umbrella as a sunshade. And the umbrella was in common use in ancient Greece. But it is believed that the first persons in Europe to use the umbrella as protection against rain were the ancient Romans. During the Middle Ages, the use of the umbrella practically disappeared. Then it appeared again in Italy in the late sixteenth century. And again it was considered a symbol of power and authority. By 1680, the umbrella appeared in France and later on in England. By the eighteenth century, the umbrella was used against rain throughout most of Europe. Umbrellas have not changed much in style during all this time, though they have become much lighter in weight. It wasn’t until the twentieth century that women’s umbrellas began to be made in a whole variety of colors.1．The first use of umbrella was as ______.A．protection against rainB．a shade against the sunC．a symbol of powerD．a symbol of honor正确答案：B解析：本题的依据句是第1段最后一句：Its first use was a shade against the sun。

考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷89.doc

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷89(总分：34.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：34.00)Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine." Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd." William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word "habit" carries a negative connotation. So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks. Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.In fact, the more new things we try —the more we step outside our comfort zone —the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our personal lives. But don't bother trying to kill off old habits, once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they're there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. "The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder," says Dawna Markova, author of "The Open Mind". "But we are taught instead to 'decide,' just as our president calls himself 'the Decider.'" She adds, however, that "to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities." All of us work through problems in ways of which we're unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally(or collaboratively)and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life. The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. "This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything," explains M.J.Ryan, author of the 2006 book "This Year I Will..." and Ms. Markova's business partner. "That's a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you're good at and doing even more of it creates excellence." This is where developing new habits comes in.（分数：10.00）(1).In Wordsworth's view, "habits" is characterized being______.（分数：2.00）A.casualB.familiarC.mechanicalD.changeable.(2).Brain researchers have discovered that the formation of new habits can be______.（分数：2.00）A.predictedB.regulatedC.tracedD.guided(3).The word "ruts"(Line 1 , Paragraph 4)is closest in meaning to .（分数：2.00）A.tracksB.seriesC.characteristicsD.connections(4).Dawna Markova would most probably agree that______.（分数：2.00）A.ideas are born of a relaxing mindB.innovativeness could be taughtC.decisiveness derives from fantastic ideasD.curiosity activates creative minds(5).Ryan's comments suggest that the practice of standardized testing______.（分数：2.00）A.prevents new habits from being formedB.no longer emphasizes commonnessC.maintains the inherent American thinking modeplies with the American belief systemThe Internet can make the news more democratic, giving the public a chance to ask questions and seek out facts behind stories and candidates, according to the head of the largest U.S. online service. "But the greatest potential for public participation is still in the future," Steven Case, Chairman of America Online, told a recent meeting on Journalism and the Internet sponsored by the Freedom Forum(论坛). However, some other experts often say the new technology of computers is changing the face of journalism, giving reporters access to more information and their readers a chance to ask questions and turn to different sources. "You don't have to buy a newspaper and be confined to the four corners of that paper any more," Sam Meddis, online technology editor at USA Today, observed about the variety of information available to computer users. But the experts noted the easy access to the Internet also means anyone can post information for others to see. "Anyone can say anything they want, whether it's right or wrong," said Case. Readers have to determine for themselves who to trust. "In a world of almost infinite voices, respected journalists and respected brand names will probably become more important, not less," Case said. "The Internet today is about where radio was 80 years ago, or television 50 years ago or cable 25 years ago," he said. But it is growing rapidly because it provides people fast access to news and a chance to comment on it.（分数：8.00）(1).The main topic of this passage is______.（分数：2.00）A.the development of journalismB.the rapid development of the InternetC.the effect the Internet has on journalismD.the advantages of the Internet(2).It can be inferred from this passage that the fact that______may NOT be regarded as an advantage of the Internet.（分数：2.00）A.the news can be made more democraticB.the public can turn to different sourcesC.the public can get a chance to ask questionsD.anything can be posted on the Internet for others to see(3).The correct order for the appearance of the four technologies is______.（分数：2.00）A.Internet-cable-television-radioB.radio-television-cable-InternetC.radio-cable-television-InternetD.television-radio-cable-Internet(4).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.Only respected journalists can post information on the Internet for others to see.B.Respected journalists will probably become more important than before.C.Everyone is using the Internet now.D.The greatest potential of public participation of the Internet is in the near future. There is a range of activities which require movements of about one to four or five miles. These might be leisure activities, such as moving from home to swimming pool, tennis club, the theater or other cultural centers, or to a secondary or more advanced school, or they might be movementsassociated with work and shopping in the central areas of cities. The use of cars capable of carrying five people at 80 mph for satisfying these needs is wasteful of space and most productive of disturbance to other road users. The use of the bicycle, or some more modern derivative of it, is probably worth more consideration than has recently been given to it. The bicycle itself is a remarkably efficient and simple device for using human muscular energy for transportation. In pure energy terms, it is four to five times as efficient as walking, even though human walking itself is twice as efficient as the movement of effective animals such as dogs or gulls. It is still widely used, not only in some developing countries where bicycles are major means of people and goods, but in a few richer towns such as Amsterdam in Holland and Cambridge in England. It usually gives inadequate protection from the weather, is not very suitable for carrying goods, and demands considerable muscular work to make progress against wind or uphill. It also offers its rider no protection against collisions with other vehicles. All these difficulties could, however, be greatly eliminated, if not removed, with relatively small changes in design. The whole machine could be enclosed in a plastic bubble which would provide some protection in case of accidents. It would be easy to add a small petrol or electric motor. A wide variety of designs would be possible. As in rowing, we might employ the power of the arms or the general body musculature, as well as those of the legs; more muscular exercise would be good for the health of many people in cities, and a wide use of bicycle like muscle-powered vehicles would be a useful way to ensure this. It could also provide ample opportunities for showing off by the young and vigorous.（分数：8.00）(1).The main idea of the first paragraph is that the car______.（分数：2.00）A.can satisfy the demand for speedB.causes waste of spaceC.produces disturbance to other road usersD.is far from perfect for short range movements(2).More attention should be given to the bicycle as a means of transport because it is______.（分数：2.00）A.a very efficient and simple deviceB.much cheaper than a carC.widely used in Amsterdam and CambridgeD.still used by rich people(3).Enclosing the bicycle in a plastic bubble would______.（分数：2.00）A.make it easier to useB.save muscular energyC.provide protection from the weatherD.prevent it from colliding with other vehicles(4).Which of these is untrue for the present bicycle?（分数：2.00）A.It is far more efficient than the movement of animals.B.It offers its rider no protection.C.It is not very suitable for carrying goods.D.It can hardly be improved on.Telecommuting—substituting the computer for the trip to the job—has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes lateness and absenteeism by eliminating commuters, allows periods of solitude for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour traffic and improve air quality. But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program workrequires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images. Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the quiet Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modem connections and does office work between calls to the doctor. These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that' it is almost' impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done. Management, too, must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employee's situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement. That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs of policy guidelines remains small.（分数：8.00）(1).What is the main subject of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Business management policies.B.Driving to work.C.Extending the workplace by means of computers.puters for child-care purposes.(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem for employers that is potentially solved by telecommuting?（分数：2.00）A.Employees' lateness for work.B.Employees' absence from work.C.Employees' need for time alone to work intensively.D.Employees' conflicts with second jobs.(3).Which of the following does the author mention as a possible disadvantage of telecommuting?（分数：2.00）A.Small children cannot understand the boundaries of work and play.puter technology is never advanced enough to accommodate the needs of every situation.C.Electrical malfunctions can destroy a project.D.The worker often does not have all the needed resources at home.(4).Which of the following is an example of telecommuting as described in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.B.A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.C.A computer technician repairing an office computer network.D.A teacher directing computer-assisted learning in a private school.。

考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷105.doc

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷105(总分：34.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：34.00)The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies, however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living. Ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States. Not long ago, with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak. The U.S. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of primary cause of the poor U.S. economic performance. Japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. Yet the research revealed that the U.S. factories of Honda, Nissan, and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts—a result of the training that U.S. workers received on the job. More recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-English-speaking Mexican workers in Houston, Texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work. What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it. After all, that's how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things. As education improved, humanity's productivity potential increased as well. When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity to the forested future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.（分数：10.00）(1).The author holds in paragraph 1 that the important of education in poor countries______.（分数：2.00）A.is subject to groundless doubtsB.has fallen victim of biasC.is conventional downgradedD.has been overestimated(2).It is stated in paragraph 1 that construction of a new education system______.（分数：2.00）A.challenges economists and politiciansB.takes efforts of generationsC.demands priority from the governmentD.requires sufficient labor force(3).A major difference between the Japanese and U.S. workforces is that______.（分数：2.00）A.the Japanese workforce is better disciplinedB.the Japanese workforce is more productiveC.the U.S. workforce has a better educationD.the U.S. workforce is more organized(4).The author quotes the example of our ancestors to show that education emerged______.（分数：2.00）A.when people had enough timeB.prior to better ways of finding foodC.when people on longer went hungD.as a result of pressure on government(5).According to the last paragraph, development of education______.（分数：2.00）A.results directly from competitive environmentsB.does not depend on economic performanceC.follows improved productivityD.cannot afford political changesIf ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition wealth, distinction, control over one's destiny must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition—if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped with the educated themselves riding on them. Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs. The locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, "Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious." The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.（分数：8.00）(1).It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if______.（分数：2.00）A.its returns well compensate for the sacrificesB.it is rewarded with money, fame and powerC.its goals are spiritual rather than materialD.it is shared by the rich and the famous(2).The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is______.（分数：2.00）A.customary of the educated to discard ambition in wordsB.too late to check ambition once it has been let outC.dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalD.impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition(3).Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because______.（分数：2.00）A.they think of it as immoralB.their pursuits are not fame or wealthC.ambition is not closely related to material benefitsD.they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible(4).From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained______.（分数：2.00）A.secretly and vigorouslyB.openly and enthusiasticallyC.easily and momentarilyD.verbally and spirituallyIt's a rough world out there. Step outside and you could break a leg slipping on your doormat. Light up the stove and you could burn down the house. Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes. Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-longer warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn , among other things, that you might — surprise — fall off. The label on a child's Batman cape cautions that the toy "does not enable user to fly". While warnings are often appropriate and necessary —the dangers of drug interactions, for example — and many are required by state or federal regulations, it isn't clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured. About 50 percent of the companies lose when injured customers take them to court. Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn't have changed anything. In May, Julie Nimmons, president of Schutt Sports in Illinois, successfully fought a lawsuit involving a football player who was paralyzed in a game while wearing a Schutt helmet. "We' re really sorry he has become paralyzed, but helmets aren't designed to prevent those kinds of injuries," says Nimmons. The jury agreed that the nature of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete's injury. At the same time, the American Law Institute — a group of judges, lawyers, and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight — issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones. "Important information can get buried in a sea of trivialities, " says a law professor at Cornell Law School who helped draft the new guidelines. If the moderate demand of the legal community has its way, the information on products might actually be provided for the benefit of customers and not as protection against legal liability.（分数：8.00）(1).What were things like in 1980s when accidents happened?（分数：2.00）A.Customers might be relieved of their disasters through lawsuits.B.Injured customers could expect protection from the legal system.panies would avoid being sued by providing new warnings.D.Juries tended to find fault with the compensations companies promised.(2).Manufacturers as mentioned in the passage tend to______.（分数：2.00）A.satisfy customers by writing long warnings on productsB.become honest in describing the inadequacies of their productsC.make the best use of labels to avoid legal liabilityD.feel obliged to view customers' safety as their first concern(3).The case of Schutt helmet demonstrated that______.（分数：2.00）A.some injury claims were no longer supported by lawB.helmets were not designed to prevent injuriesC.product labels would eventually be discardedD.some sports games might lose popularity with athletes(4).The author' s attitude towards the issue seems to be______.（分数：2.00）A.biasedB.indifferentC.puzzlingD.objectiveIn the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they're looking for. Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. "Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier," says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company's private internet. Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to "pull" customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to "push" information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the PointCast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers' computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company's Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the information flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That's a prospect that horrifies Net purists. But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, , and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, which is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.（分数：8.00）(1).We learn from the beginning of the passage that Web business______.（分数：2.00）A.has been striving to expand its marketB.intended to follow a fanciful fashionC.tried but in vain to control the marketD.has been booming for one year or so(2).Speaking of the online technology available for marketing, the author implies that______.（分数：2.00）A.the technology is popular with many Web usersB.businesses have faith in the reliability of online transactionsC.there is a radical change in strategyD.it is accessible limitedly to established partners(3).In the view of Net purists,______.（分数：2.00）A.there should be no marketing messages in online cultureB.money making should be given priority to on the WebC.the Web should be able to function as the television setD.there should be no online commercial information without requests(4).We learn from the last paragraph that______.（分数：2.00）A.pushing information on the Web is essential to Internet commerceB.interactivity, hospitality and security are important to online customersC.leading companies began to take the online plunge decades agoD.setting up shops in silicon is independent of the cost of computing power。

博士英语模拟试题

博士英语模拟试题一、听力理解（每题1分，共20分）1. 听对话，选择正确答案：- A: What's the weather like today?- B: It's quite sunny, but it's not too hot.- 问题：What is the weather like?- A) It's very hot.- B) It's raining.- C) It's sunny.2. 听短文，选择正确答案：- In the short passage, the speaker talks about the importance of water conservation. He mentions that water is a precious resource and we should take measures to save it.- 问题：What is the speaker mainly discussing?- A) The scarcity of water.- B) The importance of water conservation.- C) How to purify water.二、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage 1:In recent years, the number of students pursuing their doctorate degrees has been on the rise. This trend is attributed to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals in various fields. However, the journey towards a Ph.D. is not an easy one, as it requires a significantamount of dedication, hard work, and time investment.Questions:1. Why is the number of students pursuing doctorate degrees increasing?A) Because of the decreasing demand for skilled professionals.B) Due to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals.C) Because of the ease of the Ph.D. journey.2. What does the passage imply about the Ph.D. journey?A) It is an easy path.B) It requires a lot of dedication and hard work.C) It is a short-term commitment.Passage 2:The advancement in technology has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information. Social media platforms,for instance, have become an integral part of our daily lives, connecting people across the globe. However, with the rise of these platforms, concerns about privacy and data securityhave also grown.Questions:1. What has the advancement in technology led to?A) A decline in communication.B) A revolution in communication and information sharing.C) A decrease in the use of social media.2. What concerns have grown with the rise of social mediaplatforms?A) Concerns about the quality of communication.B) Concerns about privacy and data security.C) Concerns about the decline in the use of traditional media.三、词汇与结构（每题1分，共20分）1. The research team is currently _______ a new drug that could treat this disease.- A) developing- B) discovering- C) inventing2. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work _______ on schedule.- A) proceeded- B) progressed- C) continued四、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic "The Role of Technology in Education."Sample Essay:The integration of technology in education has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. With the advent of digital tools and online resources, education has become more accessible and interactive. Technology provides a platformfor personalized learning, allowing students to learn attheir own pace and style. It also enables teachers to track student progress and adapt their teaching methods accordingly. However, it is crucial to ensure that the use of technologyin education is balanced with traditional teaching methods to foster a holistic learning experience. While technology can enhance learning, it should not replace the human touch andthe critical thinking skills that are nurtured through face-to-face interactions.注意：以上内容为模拟试题示例，实际考试内容可能会有所不同。

考博英语模拟试卷144(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语模拟试卷144(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingReading ComprehensionThe single business of Henry Thoreau, during forty-odd years of eager activity, was to discover all economy calculated to provide a satisfying life. His one concern, which gave to his ramblings in Concord fields a value of high adventure, was to explore the true meaning of wealth. As he understood the problems of economics, there were three possible solutions open to him, to exploit himself, to exploit his fellows, or to reduce the problem to its lowest denominator. The first was quite impossible--to imprison oneself in a treadmill when the morning called to great adventure. To exploit one’s fellows seemed to Thoreau’s sensitive social conscience an even greater infidelity. Freedom with abstinence seemed to him better than serfdom with material well-being, and he was content to move to Walden Pond and set about the high business of living, “to front only the essential facts of life and to see what it had to teach.” He did not advocate that other men should build cabins and live isolated. He had no wish to dogmatize concernig the best mode of living--each must settle that for himself. But that a satisfying life should be lived, he was virtually concerned. The story of his emancipation from the lower economics is the one romance of his life, and Walden is his great book. It is a book in praise of life rather than of Nature, a record of calculating economies that studied saving in order to spend more largely. But it is a book of social criticism as well, in spite of its explicit denial of such a purpose. In considering the true nature of economy he concluded, with Ruskin, that the cost of a thing is the amount of life which is required in exchange for it, immediatey or in the long run. In Walden Thoreau elaborated the text: “The only wealth is life.”1．The main idea of this paragraph is best expressed as ______.A．problems of economicsB．Thoreau’s philosophyC．Walden, Thoreau’s greatest bookD．how Thoreau saved money正确答案：B解析：本文主要叙述梭罗如何寻求满意的生活，所以答案是B。

2023考博英语模拟10(考卷附答案)

2023考博英语模拟10(考卷附答案)一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed ten questions or unfinished statements. For each question or statement, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.In recent years, the concept of lifelong learning has gained increasing attention. It is no longer seen as a luxury for a few, but a necessity for everyone. Lifelong learning can take many forms, from formal education to selfstudy, and it is essential for both personal and professional development.1. According to the passage, lifelong learning is considered to be ______.A) a luxury for the wealthyB) a necessity for everyoneC) a burden for individualsD) a requirement for professional development only2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a form of lifelong learning?A) Formal educationB) SelfstudyC) Online coursesD) EntertainmentPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The benefits of the InternetB) The challenges of online privacyC) The history of the Internet7. According to the passage, what is the main challenge of online privacy?A) The lack of online servicesB) The difficulty in protecting personal informationC) The high cost of using the InternetD) The slow speed of the InternetSection BDirections: In this section, there are two passages followed ten questions or unfinished statements. For each question or statement, you are required to find the information from the passage and mark the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing the world today. It is caused a variety of factors, including human activities and natural processes. The consequences of climate change are farreaching and affect every aspect of our lives.11. What is the main cause of climate change?A) Human activitiesB) Natural processesC) Both A and BD) Neither A nor B12. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a consequence of climate change?A) Rising sea levelsB) More frequent extreme weather eventsC) Increased crop yieldsD) Loss of biodiversityPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Artificial Intelligence () has made significant progress in recent years. It has applications in various fields, suchas healthcare, finance, and education. However, the development of also raises ethical and social issues that need to be addressed.16. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history ofB) The applications ofC) The ethical and social issues ofD) The future of17. Which of the following fields is NOT mentioned as an application of ?A) HealthcareB) FinanceC) EducationD) Entertainment二、完型填空（每题1分，共10分）Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Once upon a time, there was a young man named Jack who (21) ______ to make a fortune. He heard about a magical tree that could (22) ______ golden coins. Without hesitation, Jack set off on a journey to find the tree.After days of (23) ______, Jack finally arrived at a beautiful meadow where the magical tree stood. The tree was full of golden coins, and Jack was (24) ______ to see it. He started to (25) ______ the coins into his bag, not realizing that the tree was guarded a fierce dragon.When the dragon saw Jack stealing the coins, it became (26) ______ and chased after him. Jack ran as fast as he could, but the dragon was (27) ______ behind him. Just when Jack thought he was一、阅读理解Section A1. B2. D3. B4. A5. C6. B7. B8. A9. C10. D Section B11. C12. C13. A14. D15. B16. C17. D18. B19. A20. C二、完型填空21. A22. B23. D24. C25. A26. B27. D28. C29. A30. B1. 阅读理解理解文章主旨和大意推断作者观点和态度识别事实和细节理解词汇和短语在文中的含义示例：文章主旨：Passage 1讲述了终身学习的重要性，Passage 2讨论了互联网对隐私的挑战。

考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷105.doc

考博英语模拟试题及答案

考博英语模拟试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育是社会进步的关键。

B. 技术发展对教育的影响是负面的。

C. 教育改革需要更多的创新思维。

D. 教育应该更加注重实践能力的培养。

答案：A2. 文章中提到的“终身学习”的概念，主要强调了什么？A. 学习是个人发展的终身任务。

B. 学习应该在学校之外进行。

C. 学习是职业发展的必要条件。

D. 学习是社会进步的驱动力。

答案：A3. 作者认为教育改革应该包括哪些方面？A. 教学方法和课程内容的更新。

B. 学校管理体制的改革。

C. 教师培训和学生评价体系的改进。

D. 所有上述选项。

答案：D4. 文章中提到的“批判性思维”在教育中的作用是什么？A. 帮助学生更好地理解知识。

B. 培养学生的独立思考能力。

C. 提高学生解决问题的能力。

D. 促进学生对知识的深入探究。

答案：B5. 根据文章，以下哪项不是教育改革的挑战？A. 资金不足。

B. 教师资源的缺乏。

C. 学生对新教学方法的抵触。

D. 社会对教育改革的误解。

答案：C二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In recent years, the popularity of online education has been growing rapidly. It offers a convenient way for students to learn __6__ the comfort of their own homes. However, there are also some __7__ to consider.6. A. in B. at C. on D. from答案：A7. A. benefits B. drawbacks C. opportunities D. challenges答案：D8. The main advantage of online education is that it allows for __8__ flexibility in scheduling.A. personalB. individualC. uniqueD. specific答案：B9. Despite the convenience, some students may find it difficult to __9__ in an online environment.A. interactB. participateC. engageD. connect答案：B10. Online courses often require a high level of __10__ and self-discipline.A. motivationB. inspirationC. encouragementD. stimulation答案：A三、翻译（共15分，每题5分）1. 教育不仅仅是知识的传授，更是价值观和道德观的培养。

考博英语试题及答案

考博英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答1-5题。

In recent years, the number of people who commute to work by bicycle has increased significantly. This trend can be attributed to several factors, including concerns about environmental pollution, the rising cost of fuel, and the desire for a healthier lifestyle. As a result, many cities have invested in bicycle lanes and other infrastructure to support this mode of transportation.1. What is the main reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Environmental concernsB. High fuel costsC. Health benefitsD. All of the above2. What has been the response of cities to this trend?A. They have ignored it.B. They have invested in bicycle infrastructure.C. They have discouraged it.D. They have not taken any action.3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Traffic congestionB. Environmental pollutionC. Rising cost of fuelD. Desire for a healthier lifestyle4. What does the passage suggest about the future of bicycle commuting?A. It will continue to increase.B. It will decrease.C. It will remain stable.D. It is uncertain.5. What type of infrastructure have cities invested in to support bicycle commuting?A. Public transportationB. Bicycle lanesC. Parking lotsD. Highways二、词汇与语法（共30分）Choose the correct word or phrase to fill in the blanks in the following sentences.6. The company has decided to ________ its operations to new markets.A. expandB. contractC. maintainD. abandon7. Despite the heavy rain, the marathon was still held as________.A. plannedB. planningC. to planD. was planning8. The new policy will come into ________ on January 1st.A. effectB. affectC. impactD. influence9. The professor's lecture was so ________ that I couldn't follow it.A. complicatedB. complexC. complicatedlyD. complexly10. She ________ the book to the library yesterday.A. returnedB. borrowedC. lentD. kept三、翻译（共20分）Translate the following sentence into English.11. 随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。

考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷109.doc

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷109(总分：34.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：34.00)What accounts for the great outburst of major inventions in early America-breakthroughs such as the telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine? Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools; a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, "spatial" thinking about things technological. Why mention the elementary schools? Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics, especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states, were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry. Acute foreign observers related American adaptiveness and inventiveness to this educational advantage. As a member of a British commission visiting here in 1853 reported, "With a mind prepared by thorough school discipline, the American boy develops rapidly into the skilled workman." A further stimulus to invention came from the "premium" system, which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it. This approach, originated abroad, offered inventors medals, cash prizes and other incentives. In the United States, multitudes of premiums for new devices were awarded at country fairs and at the industrial fairs in major cities. Americans flocked to these fairs to admire the new machines and thus to renew their faith in the beneficence of technological advance. Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation, the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology. As Eugene Ferguson has pointed out, "A technologist thinks about objects that cannot be reduced to unambiguous verbal descriptions; they are dealt with in his mind by a visual, nonverbal process... The designer and the inventor... are able to assemble and manipulate in their minds devices that as yet do not exist." This nonverbal "spatial" thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing. Robert Fulton once wrote, "The mechanic should sit down among levers, screws, wedges, wheels, etc., like a poet among the letters of the alphabet, considering them as an exhibition of his thoughts, in which a new arrangement transmits a new idea." When all these shaping forces — schools, open attitudes, the premium system, a genius for spatial thinking —interacted with one another on the rich U.S. mainland, they produced that American characteristic, emulation. Today that word implies mere imitation. But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence.（分数：8.00）(1).According to the author, the great outburst of major inventions in early America was in a large part due to______.（分数：2.00）A.elementary schoolsB.enthusiastic workersC.the attractive premium systemD.a special way of thinking(2).It is implied that adaptiveness and inventiveness of the early American mechanics______.（分数：2.00）A.benefited a lot from their mathematical knowledgeB.shed light on disciplined school managementC.was brought about by privileged home trainingD.owed a lot to the technological development(3).A technologist can be compared to an artist because______.（分数：2.00）A.they are both winners of awardsB.they are both experts in spatial thinkingC.they both abandon verbal descriptionD.they both use various instruments(4).The best title for this passage might be______.（分数：2.00）A.Inventive MindB.Effective SchoolingC.Ways of ThinkingD.Outpouring of InventionsThe most thoroughly studied intellectuals in the history of the New World are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was "so much important attached to intellectual pursuits". According to many books and articles, New England's leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life. To take this approach to the New Englanders normally means to start with the Puritans' theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church—important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity. The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts churches in the decade after 1629, there were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness. We should not forget, however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed. Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. Sexual confusion, economic frustrations, and religious hope —all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: "come out from among them, touch no unclean thing, and I will be your God and you shall be my people." One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched. Meanwhile, many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane's, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New World for religion. "Our main end was to catch fish."（分数：10.00）(1).The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England______.（分数：2.00）A.Puritan tradition dominated political lifeB.intellectual interests were encouragedC.politics benefited much from intellectual endeavorsD.intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment(2).It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders______.（分数：2.00）A.experienced a comparatively peaceful early historyB.brought with them the culture of the Old WorldC.paid little attention to southern intellectual lifeD.were obsessed with religious innovations(3).The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay______.（分数：2.00）A.were famous in the New World for their writingsB.gained increasing importance in religious affairsC.abandoned high positions before coming to the New WorldD.created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England(4).The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often______.（分数：2.00）A.influenced by superstitionsB.troubled with religious beliefsC.puzzled by church sermonsD.frustrated with family earnings(5).The text suggests that early settlers in New England______.（分数：2.00）A.were mostly engaged in political activitiesB.were motivated by an illusory prospectC.came from different backgrounds.D.left few formal records for later referenceMoney spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price, thereby establishing a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at competitive prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps enormously to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labour, and is therefore an effective way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television licence would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or tube would cost 20 percent more. And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a guarantee of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for mercifully the public has the good sense not to buy the inferior article more than once. If you see an article consistently advertised, it is the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it represents good value. Advertising does more for the material benefit of the community than any other force I can think of. There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was drawing excessively fine distinctions. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. If its message were confined merely to information —and that in itself would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the choice of the colour of a shirt is subtly persuasive—advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.（分数：8.00）(1).By the first sentence of the passage the author means that______.（分数：2.00）A.he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertisingB.everybody knows well that advertising is money consumingC.advertising costs money like everything elseD.it is worthwhile to spend money on advertising(2).In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?（分数：2.00）A.Securing greater fame.B.Providing more jobs.C.Enhancing living standards.D.Reducing newspaper cost.(3).The author deems that the well-known TV personality is______.（分数：2.00）A.very precise in passing his judgement on advertisingB.interested in nothing but the buyers' attentionC.correct in telling the difference between persuasion and informationD.obviously partial in his views on advertising(4).In the author's opinion,______.（分数：2.00）A.advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing informationB.advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them overC.there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyerD.the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisementThere are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts. By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they encounter new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept. In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to confront the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may "fail" at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow. Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious? If so, then we tend to take more chances and to be more open to unfamiliar experiences. Do we think we're shy and indecisive? Then our sense of timidity can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and not to take a step until we know the ground is safe. Do we think we're slow to adapt to change or that we' re not smart enough to cope with a new challenge? Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all. These feelings of insecurity and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not confront and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.（分数：8.00）(1).A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when______.（分数：2.00）A.he has given up his smoking habitB.he has made great efforts in his workC.he is keen on learning anything newD.he has tried to determine where he is on his journey(2).In the author's eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would______.（分数：2.00）A.succeed in climbing up the social ladderB.judge his ability to glow from his own achievementsC.face difficulties and take up challengesD.aim high and reach his goal each time(3).When the author says "a new way of being"(Line 3, Para. 3)he is referring to______.（分数：2.00）A.a new approach to experiencing the worldB.a new way of taking risksC.a new method of perceiving ourselvesD.a new system of adaptation to change(4).For personal growth, the author advocates all of the following except______.（分数：2.00）A.curiosity about more chancesB.promptness in self-adaptationC.open-mindedness to new experiencesD.avoidance of internal fears and doubts。

考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷97(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷97(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionThe United States is often considered a young nation, but in fact it is next to the oldest continuous government in the world, and the reason is that its people have always been willing to accommodate themselves to change. It should be realized, however, that sharing benefits of our achievements was the result of trial and error. Unprincipled businessmen had first to be restrained by government before they came to learn that they must serve the general good in pursuing their economic interests. Thus, although early statesmen strongly believed in private enterprise, they chose to make the post office a government monopoly and to give the schools to public ownership. Since then, government has broadened its activities in many ways including preventing monopolies from taking over the economy. Increased growth by acquisition by our largest corporations has resulted in a situation where virtually independent economic giants will dominate the American economy. Growth of these vast corporate structures, even though accompanied by an increase in the number of much smaller and less powerful companies that operate under their control, foretells the creation of monopoly —like structures throughout American business. In general, the major acquisitions by the sample companies were corporate organizations that were profitable and successful before acquisition. The main effect of the merger or acquisition was to transfer control and management of an already successful enterprise to a new group. Profitability ratios indicate that, in most instances, the acquired companies operated less efficiently after acquisition. Americans hold with Lincoln that “the legitimate object of government is to do for a community of people whatever they need to have done but cannot do at all, or cannot do so well for themselves, in their separate and individual capacities.” Clearly merger restriction is one example of legitimate government intervention.1．It is implied that the main quality of the United States stressed is its______.A．youthB．shared wealthC．trial and errorD．flexibility正确答案：D解析：从文章的首句可知，美国政府之所以几乎是世界上连续执政时间最长的政府，其原因在于美国人民总是愿意适应变化，据此可推知，D项为正确答案。

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考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷94(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：4，分数：30.00)Less than 40 years ago in the United States, it was common to change a one-dollar bill for a dollar's worth of silver. That is because the coins were actually made of silver. But those days are gone. There is no silver in today's coins. When the price of the precious metal rises above its face value as money, the metal will become more valuable in other uses. Silver coins are no longer in circulation because the silver in coins is worth much more than their face value. A silver firm could find that it is cheaper to obtain silver by melting down coins than by buying it on the commodity markets. Coins today are made of an alloy of cheaper metals. Gresham's Law, named after Sir Thomas Gresham, argues that "good money" is driven out of circulation by "bad money". Good money differs from bad money because it has higher commodity value. Gresham lived in the 16th century in England where it was common for gold and silver coins to be debased. Governments did this by mixing cheaper metals with gold and silver. The governments could thus make a profit in coinage by issuing coins that had less precious metal than the face value indicated. Because different mixings of coins had different amounts of gold and silver, even though they bore the same face value, some coins were worth more than others as commodities. People who dealt with gold and silver could easily see the difference between the "good" and the "bad" money. Gresham observed that coins with a higher content of gold and silver were kept rather than being used in exchange, or were melted down for their precious metal. In the mid-1960s when the U.S. issued new coins to replace silver coins, Gresham's law went right in action.（分数：8.00）(1).Why was it possible for Americans to use a one-dollar bill for a dollar's worth of silver?（分数：2.00）A.Because there was a lot of silver in the United States.B.Because money was the medium of payment.C.Because coins were made of silver.D.Because silver was considered worthless.(2).Today's coins in the United States are made of______.（分数：2.00）A.some precious metalsB.silver and some precious metalsC.various expensive metalsD.some inexpensive metals(3).What is the difference between "good money" and "bad money"?（分数：2.00）A.They are circulated in different markets.B.They are issued in different face values.C.They are made of different amounts of gold and silver.D.They have different uses.(4).What was the purpose of the governments issuing new coins by mixing cheaper metals with gold and silver in the 16th century?（分数：2.00）A.They wanted to reserve some gold and silver for themselves.B.There was neither enough gold nor enough silver.C.New coins were easier to be made.D.They could make money.By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "ice-box" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States: The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War(1861-1865),as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented. Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose: In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox. But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.（分数：8.00）(1).What is the main idea of this passage?（分数：2.00）A.The influence of ice on the diet.B.The transportation of goods to market.C.The development of refrigeration.D.Sources of the term "ice-box".(2).According to the passage, when did the word "ice-box" become part of the American language?（分数：2.00）A.In 1803.B.Around 1850.C.During the Civil War.D.Before 1880.(3).The word "rudimentary" in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to______.（分数：2.00）A.basicB.sufficientC.necessaryD.undeveloped(4).The sentence "Thomas Moore, had been on the right track".(Para. 3)indicates that______.（分数：2.00）A.Moore's farm was not far away from WashingtonB.Moore's farm was on the right roadC.Moore's design was completely successfulD.Moore was suitable for the jobToday, the computer has taken up appliance status in more than 42 percent of households across the United States. And these computers are increasingly biting wired to the Internet. Online access was up more than 50 percent in just the past year. Now, more than one quarter of all U.S. households can surf in cyberspace. Mostly, this explosive growth has occurred democratically. The online penetration and computer ownership increases extend across all the demographic levels —by race, geography, income, and education. We view these trends as favorable without the slightest question because we clearly see computer technology as empowering. In fact, personal growth and a prosperous U.S. economy are considered to be the long-range rewards of individual and collective technological power. Now for the not-so-good news. The government's analysis spells out so-calleddigital divide. That is, the digital explosion is not booming at the same pace for everyone. Yes, it is true that we are all plugged in to a much greater degree than any of us have been in the past. But some of us are more plugged in than others and are getting plugged in far more rapidly. And this gap is widening even as the pace of the information age accelerates through society. Computer ownership and Internet access are highly classified along lines of wealth, race, education, and geography. The data indicates that computer ownership and online access are growing more rapidly among the most prosperous and well educated: essentially, wealthy white people with high school and college diplomas and who are part of stable, two-parent households. The highest income bracket households, those earning more than $ 75,000 annually, are 20 times as likely to have access to the Internet as households at the lowest income levels, under $10,000 annually. The computer-penetration rate at the high-income level is an amazing 76.56 percent, compared with 8 percent at the bottom end of the scale. Technology access differs widely by educational level. College graduates are 16 times as likely to be Internet surfers at home as are those with only elementary-school education. If you look at the differences between these groups in rural areas, the gap widens to a twenty-six-fold advantage for the college-educated. From the time of the last study, the information-access gap grew by 29 percent between the highest and lowest income groups, and by 25 percent between the highest and lowest education levels. In the long run, participation in the information age may not be a zero sum game, where if some groups win, others must lose. Eventually, as the technology matures we are likely to see penetration levels approach all groups equally. This was true for telephone access and television ownership, but eventually can be cold comfort in an era when tomorrow is rapidly different from today and unrecognizable compared with yesterday.（分数：8.00）(1).How many U.S. households have linked to Internet today?（分数：2.00）A.More than 25 percent.B.By 29 percent.C.More than 42 percent.D.More than 50 percent.(2).According to the text, the computer used by the high-income level is______that by the lowest income levels.（分数：2.00）A.8 percent more thanB.76.56 percent more thanC.nearly 10 times as many asD.about 20 times as many as(3).According to the author, which of the following prevents people from gaining access to the Internet?（分数：2.00）A.Income level.B.Poor education and low-income level.C.Participation in the information age.D.Telephone access and television ownership.(4).Judging from the context, what does "digital divide"(Para. 3)probably mean?（分数：2.00）A.The government's analysis.B.The divide between the poor and the rich.C.The pace of the information age.D.The gap between people's access to the computer.Just over a year ago, I foolishly locked up my bicycle outside my office, but forgot to remove the pannier. When I returned the pannier had been stolen. Inside it were about ten of the little red notebooks I take everywhere for jotting down ideas for articles, short stories, TV shows and the like. When I lost my notebooks, I was devastated; all the ideas I'd had over the past two years were contained within their pages. I could remember only a few of them, but had the impressionthat those I couldn't recall were truly brilliant. Those little books were crammed with the plots of award-winning novels and scripts for radio comedy shows that were only two-thirds as bad as the ones on at the moment. That's not all, though. In my reminiscence, my lost notebooks contained sketches for many innovative and incredible machines. In one book there was a design for a device that could turn sea water into apple cider; in another, plan for an automatic dog; in a third, sketches for a pair of waterproof shoes with television screens built into the toes. Now all of these plans are lost to humanity. I found my notebooks again. It turns out they weren't in the bike pannier at all, but in a bag in my spare room, where I found six months after supposedly losing them. And when I flipped through their pages, ready to run to the patent office in the morning, I discovered they were completely full of rubbish. Discovering the notebooks really shook me up. I had firmly come to believe they were brimming with brilliant, inventive stuff—and yet clearly they weren't. I had deluded myself. After surveying my nonsense, I found that this halo effect always attaches itself to things that seem irretrievably lost. Don't we all have a sneaking feeling that the weather was sunnier, TV shows funnier and cake-shop buns bunnier in thenot-very-distant pasty. All this would not matter much except that it is a powerful element in reactionary thought, this belief in a better yesterday. After all, racism often stems from a delusion that things have deteriorated since "they" came. What a boon to society it would be if people could visit the past and see that it wasn't the paradise they imagine but simply the present with different hats. Sadly, time travel is impossible. Until now, that is. Because I've suddenly remembered I left a leather jacket in an Indonesian restaurant a couples of years ago, and I'm absolutely certain that in the inside pocket there was a sketch I'd made.（分数：6.00）(1).By "only two-thirds as bad as the ones on at the moment" the author means______.（分数：2.00）A.better thanB.as bad asC.worse thanD.as good as(2).As soon as the author read the lost notebooks, he______.（分数：2.00）A.reported the factB.found it valuelessC.registered the inventionsD.was very excited(3).Which of the following would the author most probably agree with?（分数：2.00）A.Yesterday is better.B.Yesterday is no better than today.C.Self-delusion sometimes is necessary.D.Things today have deteriorated.。

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