英语语法歌之句法
熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系
文章标题：《熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系探究》一、前言熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系，这是每位学习英语的人都会面临的挑战。
对于很多人来说，英语语法体系复杂而深邃，需要花费大量的时间和精力来掌握。
然而，只有深入理解英语语法体系，才能真正提高英语水平，操控语言的能力。
二、语法体系概述在熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系之前，我们需要先了解英语语法体系的整体架构。
语法体系包括词法、句法和语法规则，通过对这些部分的研究，可以帮助我们更好地理解英语的结构和运用。
1. 词法词法是语言的基本单位，它包括词类、词形变化和构词法等内容。
在英语语法体系中，词法是我们理解和使用单词的基础，良好的词法能力可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。
2. 句法句法是研究句子结构和句子成分之间关系的学科。
在熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系过程中，我们需要深入了解英语句子的构成和规则，这对于提高我们的语言表达能力至关重要。
3. 语法规则语法规则是指语言中的语法现象和语法规律。
通过对语法规则的学习和掌握，我们可以更加灵活地运用英语，表达更加准确和丰富的意思。
三、熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系1. 词法的深入研究在熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系的过程中，我们需要对英语的词法进行深入研究。
这包括词类的分类和词义的理解，通过系统的学习和总结，我们可以掌握更多的词汇，并且在语言运用中更加得心应手。
2. 句法的系统学习句法是语法体系中非常重要的部分，它涉及到句子的结构和成分之间的关系。
通过系统学习句法，我们可以更好地理解句子的构成，从而提高我们的语言表达能力。
3. 语法规则的灵活运用语法规则是我们掌握语言的关键，但是在熬夜吐血整理!整个英语语法体系的过程中，我们不仅仅要掌握规则，更要学会在实际运用中灵活运用。
只有灵活运用规则，我们才能表达更加准确和自然的意思。
四、总结与展望总结一篇文章是对内容的归纳、概括和提炼，通过总结，我们可以更好地理解和把握文章的主旨和重点。
二十一个巧记英语语法的口诀
二十一个巧记英语语法的口诀1、英语的词类句子要由词组成，英语词类有十种：句中成分用实词，名、代、动、副、数、形容：冠、介、连词和感叹，虚词附加或沟通。
词类功能掌握了，造句之时好运用。
2、语序歌主、谓、宾、表同汉语，定语有同也有异。
状语位置更特殊，不能全和汉语比。
3、肯定句变一般疑问句have和be提句首，其它助词Do开头。
时间、人称由do变，动词只把原形留。
谓语助词有几个，第一助词提句首。
4、肯定句变否定句否定词语加not，放在be和have后。
其它要加动词do，do的后面加not，时间、人称由do变，动词原形总保留。
谓语若是助词多，not紧跟第一个。
5、名词的所有格名词只变数，不分主宾格。
人和动物类，可变所有格。
撇（’）后加s，相当汉语“的”。
时间、距离等，也变所有格。
6、名词变复数单数变为复数式，加上“s”统言之。
下列结尾名词后，要加“s”先加“e”：发音[∫][t∫][s]和[z]，或是辅音加“o”时。
有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意：“y”前字母是辅音，一律变“y”为“ie”；遇到“f / fe”，有时需要变“ve”少数名词不规则，特别情况靠硬记。
7、时间名词前所有介词的速记年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用“on”，上午下午又是“in”。
要说某日上下午，用on 换in 才能行。
午夜黄昏用at，黎明用它也不错。
at 也在时分前，说“差”用to，说“过”要用past。
8、介词用法歌介词加宾语，才能有实意。
表、定、状、宾、补，词组在句里。
9、介词顺口溜in 在……里，out 在……外，在旁边的是beside，靠近的为by。
on 在……上，under 在……下，above 在上头，below 在底下。
10、be的用法歌动词be，变化大，“I”用“am”“You”用“are”Is用于它（it）、他（he）、她（she）复数一定要用“are”，切莫用错闹笑话。
11、动词的时态四种时间各四式，联想对比便于记。
英语语法与句法分析
英语语法与句法分析语法和句法是语言学中非常重要的两个概念。
语法是研究语言结构和规则的学科，而句法则是语法的一个分支，专注于句子的结构和组成成分之间的关系。
一、语法的基本概念语法是一门研究语言结构和规则的学科，它涉及到词汇、句子、短语和句子之间的关系。
语法可以分为两个方面：形式语法和功能语法。
形式语法注重语言的结构和规则，而功能语法则关注语言的功能和用途。
在英语语法中，我们会遇到很多基本概念，比如词类、句子成分和句子结构等。
词类指的是词汇的分类，比如名词、动词、形容词等。
句子成分则是指构成句子的各个部分，比如主语、谓语、宾语等。
而句子结构则是指句子中各个成分之间的关系和排列顺序。
二、句法分析的意义句法分析是一种研究句子结构和组成成分之间关系的方法。
通过句法分析，我们可以深入了解句子的结构和语法规则，帮助我们理解和运用语言。
句法分析在自然语言处理和机器翻译等领域有着广泛的应用。
通过对句子进行分析，我们可以将其转化为计算机可以理解和处理的形式，从而实现自动化处理和翻译。
三、常见的句法分析方法在句法分析中，有多种方法可以用来分析句子的结构和组成成分之间的关系。
下面介绍几种常见的句法分析方法。
1. 成分句法分析成分句法分析是一种基于成分的句法分析方法。
它将句子分解为各个成分，然后分析它们之间的关系。
这种方法可以帮助我们理解句子的结构和成分之间的联系。
2. 依存句法分析依存句法分析是一种基于依存关系的句法分析方法。
它通过分析句子中词与词之间的依存关系来确定句子的结构。
这种方法可以帮助我们理解句子中各个词之间的关系和作用。
3. 短语结构句法分析短语结构句法分析是一种基于短语结构的句法分析方法。
它将句子分解为各个短语，并分析它们之间的关系。
这种方法可以帮助我们理解句子的组成成分和结构。
四、句法分析的挑战尽管句法分析在理解和运用语言方面有着重要的意义，但是它也面临着一些挑战。
首先，句法分析需要考虑语言的复杂性。
语言中存在着很多复杂的结构和规则，这给句法分析带来了困难。
语法歌
英语语法歌之句法
主谓宾表定状补,主语谓语成一句.
主语句首名代词,分词短语不定式.
主语后是谓语动,人称和数要一致.
系动之后是表语,及物动后接宾语.
副介不定作状语,修饰动副形容词.
定语修饰名代词,位置灵活用法多.
名形不定作宾补,与宾逻辑成主谓.
句子成分构成句,主语省略祈使句.
陈述祈使感叹句,一般特殊疑问句,
选择反意疑问句,疑问回答要注意.
简单并列复合句,五种句型简单句.
主语连系加宾语,主语动词不及物.
主语及物加宾语,主语及物间直宾.
主语及物宾宾补,there be句型表存在. 要看主从复合句,什么成分什么句.
宾语状语定语从,主语表语同位从.
分析位置先行词,其实结构并不难.
还有这些要注意,直接间接的引语.
省略倒装强调句,虚拟语气的语句.
这些用法都有序,结合例句多分析. 语法语法我不惧,任你成千上万句.。
大学英语语法应用-句法概论The Structure of the English Grammar
句法概论(The Structure of the English Grammar)
(5) 主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。 The teacher set us a lot of homework. I send her a bunch of flowers. 3．简单句五类句型分析 (1) 简单句第一类句型——主语 + 不及物动词。 这类句型中，谓语由不及物动词担当。不及物动词，顾名思义，它所表示的动作没有作用对象，本身意思完整，不需要 带宾语。 Everybody laughed. The baby and his mother are sleeping. The guests haven't arrived. Prices are going down. (2) 简单句第二类句型——主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语。 英语中大多数动词都是及物动词，及物动词是必须带有宾语的。这种动词告诉我们，由主语发出的动作所作用的对象是 什么，作用的对象我们称之为宾语。宾语后也通常接副词或介词短语作状语。结构上表现为：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 状语 。 He passed the exam easily. Have you ordered your meal?
句法概论(The Structure of the English Grammar)
第一节 简单句和并列句(Simple Sentences and Compound Sentences) 第二节 复合句(Complex Sentences) 第三节 肯定句与否定句(Affirmative Sentences and NegativeSentences) 第四节 反意疑问句(Tag Questions) 第五节 倒装句(Inversion) 第六节 强调句(Emphasis)
高中英语语法框架---句法教学设计
英语句法教学设计备课时间：2023年9月27日Exercise September 27, 2023一、给故事补充状语。
We met .（地点状语和时间状语）We liked each other .（原因状语）I taught you English ,（目的状语）you make me happy .（方式状语）we are friends .（让步状语）二、划出主语和宾语，分析词性，总结用法。
Jim wanted a car. Buying a car needs 100 thousand, so he couldn't afford to buy a car. I don’t know how to help him. What I could do is to lend him money.We enjoyed driving car around the city. To compete with carsaround is so interesting.小结：可以做主语或宾语，用来充当主语的句子是用来充当宾语的句子是。
三、找谓语，析词性We are students.We can speak English well. Our pronunciation sounds great. I hope my English become better and better. We keep quiet to study everyday.小结：除了可以做谓语，也能构成谓语.四、找表语，析词性The man is a basketball player, Who is handsome and number one.These balls are his, which are behind you. His argument about basketball sounds convincing. He seems well qualified for the job. His dream is to win 100 gold medals.His greatest virtue is that He will never stop fighting. His game will never be over.小结：除了不可以，可以做表语，用来充当表语的句子叫做。
英语语法歌诀
出现并列主语特殊记，“就近原则”用仔细。
There be 句型的状语歌诀：
There be 放句首，主语跟在后。
地，时放句末，强调置前头。
There be 句型“对划线部分进行提问”歌诀：
提问主语较简单，须用“What’s/Who’s+地点”。
提问地点容易记，“Where is/are+主语”用仔细。
直引若是特殊问，疑问词连接记心间。其余问题挺简单，一切只当一般问。
直引若是祈使句，谓语动词挺要紧。 told\asked\ordered,根据口气来选定
。告诉人、请人、命令人，后跟to do sth.。若是否定祈使句,not to do后边行。
时间名词前所用介词的速记歌：
年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。
4 有些以-eep结尾的动词的过去时是把-eep改为-ept.
如:keep→kept,sweep→swept,sleep→slept等
有些以-ow结尾的动词的过去时是把-ow改为-ew.
如:grow→grew,blow→blew,know→knew,throw→threw等.
有些以-end结尾的动词的过去时是把-end改为-ent.
一听二看三感觉，have,let和make
若是后面跟宾补，小to一定要省略
关于动词help，带不带to不算错
宾补改为被动句，带上小to莫忘记
形容词的语序排列：
限定词位置排第一，描绘大小、长短和高低。
形状、年龄新旧色，接着再说啥国籍。
基本特征放在后，物质材料和用途。
介词后不定式省to的情况：
巧记以-o结尾加-es的词：
英语语法顺口溜记忆法
英语语法顺口溜记忆法先说名词所有格，表示物品所属有定说，单数复数分两套，【s】加在末尾头。
如果没有定语限，名词所有自己说，【of】是万金油，自己能管莫乱插足。
再说定语从句表并列，as作主从不先行，句子缺少主语时，which才能显本领。
先写主句莫疏忽，从句自带成分多，从句补充要切记，从句前写引导词。
关系代词有四个，which, that, who, whose, who放在主语位，who不带作宾语。
that偶尔带宾语，但是表强调时现。
Whose作定语后置，表示所属关系妥。
再说状语从句范围大，主从句间逻辑差，从句自带成分多，时间地点最常见。
条件、让步状语从，if, unless, though, whether. as, so…as…常出现。
何时不与if连？弱词替换它为伴。
接着谈论动词时态，动作发生时间分明确，过去现在未来三种，根据事实选合适。
一般现在时陈述常，习惯动作真实态。
过去发生用过去时，过去完成表顺序。
未来即将发生事，一般将来时表述齐。
过去将来无奇异，虚拟语气表假设。
谈论被动语态，被动关系要明了，动作承受者为主语。
被动语态分三种，根据需要选合适。
一般现在被动语，习惯动作可陈述。
过去被动表经历，未完成时表推测。
将来被动不用急，虚拟语气表建议。
接着讲述情态动词，语气强度分等级，可能性大小随语境。
情态动词助表达，can, may, must, should，各自含义有区别。
can表示能力情，may表请求许可情。
must强调必须意，should表建议责。
最后谈谈虚拟语气，表达假设条件式，根据事实反事实选。
虚拟语气分多种，if 条件从句辨。
主句谓语动词情，从句事实陈述清。
主句谓语动词意，从句假设细区分。
掌握虚拟语气法，英语表达更灵活。
通过以上顺口溜，英语语法掌握易，日积月累运用熟，英语水平步步高。
学习语法要耐心，多多练习巩固深，交流无阻游世界，英语成就未来路。
英语语言学笔记第四章
句法（syntax）这个单词，来自希腊语，由两个语素构成：﹛syn﹜和﹛tax﹜。
﹛syn﹜的意思是"一起、共同"，﹛tax﹜的意思是"安排、排列"，因此syntax本来是"排列在一起"或"组合"的意思。
在语言学上，它是指研究语言中词组合成句子的支配规则，或者简单地说，是研究句子的构造。
因为通常认为句子是语言中最大的语法单位，所以句法长期以来是语法研究的核心。
不同的语言学理论首先体现在对句子结构的不同处理上。
这一章我们将介绍一些有代表性的句法学派。
4.1 传统学派传统认为句子是词的序列。
因此句子构造的研究涉及了对词的大量研究，例如，词类是对词进行的分类，主语、谓语是对词功能的描写，等等。
这些词类和功能有时叫做范畴。
但是"范畴"这个术语，更专门用于表示像名词、动词这些单位的特性。
例如：常说名词有数、性、格的范畴，动词有时、体、态的范畴。
在这里，我们将简要地讨论以上一些范畴。
名词、动词、形容词等形式在有关范畴中的相互关系将在"一致关系和支配关系"中讨论。
4.1.1 数、性、格4.1.2 时和体4.1.3 一致关系和支配关系4.1.1 数、性、格数（number），主要是名词和代词的范畴，如：a book（一本书）；some books（一些书）；I（我），we（我们）；he（他），they（他们）。
英语动词也反映了数的范畴，如：He speaks English.（他说英语）；They speak English.（他们说英语）。
在法语等语言中，形容词和冠词也有数的变化，如：le cheval royal，les chevaux royaux。
数一般有两种：单数和复数。
但是在古希腊语、阿拉伯语等语言中，还有第三种数：双数，类似于英语中的both（双方，两者）。
斐济群岛语还有第四种数：三数。
高中英语语法口诀 英语语法的记忆方法顺口溜
高中英语语法口诀|高中阶段的语法知识在现行的教材中分布得较分散、零碎，学生学起来颇感吃力，难以记牢。
一般说来，学习语法知识的途径很多，但教学中常用的主要有如下二种：一是通过教师的讲解，对所学语法规则的概念、结构，用法有个确切的了解；二是通过大量的练习，在英语实践中正确、熟练地掌握语法规则的用法。
仔细惦量这两种方法，其实都强调了同一个极其重要的东西，即是―记忆‖。
记忆的方式、方法很多，诸如分类记忆法，直观形象记忆法、奇持联想记忆法，特征记忆法等等。
这里，笔者主要从词法与句法两大块对巧记英语语法作些阐述。
一、词法（一）巧记名词变复数的规则：单数变为复数式，一般词尾加-s；下列句词词尾后，要加-s先加-e。
发音[f]、[t]、[s]和[z]，或是某些辅音加-o时。
有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意。
y前字母是辅音，一律变y为-ies.遇到f和fe，有时需要变-ves.少数名词不规则，特殊情况要强记。
说明：1．名词变复数形式，一般在词尾加-s.eg:bag-bagsbanana-bananasbird-birdspen-pens,....2．词尾发音为[f,ts,z]的名词（即以字母sh,ch,s,x结尾者）在变复数时，要在词尾加-es，eg:watch-watches,box-boxes,bus-buses,etc)3．若词尾字母o的前面是辅音字母，变为复数时，有些加-es，eg:hero-heroes,Negro-Negroes,patato-patatoes,tomato-tomatoes.这四个词可组成一句话来记忆：HeroesandNegroeseatpotatoesandtomatoes（英雄和黑人吃马铃薯和西红柿。
简为二人吃二菜。
）但有些以o结尾的名词则加-s，eg:photo–photoes,piano–pianos等。
4．若词尾字母y前加的是辅音字母时，变为复数，首先把y变为i，再加-es,eg:family–families,city-cities,baby–babies等，但若词尾y前为元音字母时，则可直接加-s,eg:day-days,boy-boys等。
张道真全范围英语语法之16·句法
(1)“主语+谓语+宾语”是英语中最常见的句型，在多数情况下宾语用名词或代词表示。如：
Emily loves music and plays the piano beautifully.艾米丽热爱音乐，因此钢琴弹得很好。
Gaby made an appointment to see her that evening.加比约好那天晚上和她见面。
张道真全范围英语语法之
句法
担纲指导张道真
执行主编席玉虎
编著陈静
赵淑文
山西出版传媒集团·山西教育出版社
2013年6月第2版2014年3月第5次印刷
出版人雷俊林
出版策划苗补坤
责任编辑王爱仙
ISBN 978-7-5440-6436-1
学习探ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ英语语法请加微平台bbzdzyyyf
语法学习交流微 is our mother tongue.汉语是我们的母语。(Chinese是句子的主语)
(2)谓语动词用来说明主语的动作或状态。如：
We love our motherland.我们热爱祖国。(love是谓语)
Everybody is working hard.人人都努力工作。(is working是谓语)
Can you take my blood pressure?你能量一下我的血压吗？
Who discovered this new element?谁发现了这个新元素？
(2)“动词+名词”构成一种习惯用语。如：
Make haste, or we'll miss the bus.赶快，否则我们就赶不上汽车了。
The father addressed himself to the main difficulty.那位父亲着手解决主要困难。
小学英语(北京版)语法句法汇总全集
语法总结（一）一．一般疑问句---Do you go to the park on Saturday? ---Yes, I do. /No, I don’t.---Do you like cats? ---Yes, I do. /No, I don’t.---Do you have long arms? ---Yes, I do. /No, I don’t.---Do you like spring? ---Yes, I do. /No, I don’t (like spring).---Do you like summer? ---Yes, I do. /No, I don’t (like summer).---Do you like autumn? ---Yes, I do. /No, I don’t (like autumn).---Do you like winter? ---Yes, I do. /No, I don’t (like winter).---Do you have a lot of snow in winter? ---Yes, we do. /No, w e don’t. ---Do you have a lot of rain in autumn? ---Yes, we do. /No, we don’t. ---Do you have a lot of rain in summer? ---Yes, we do. /No, we don’t. ---Do you have a lot of snow in spring? ---Yes, we do. /No, we don’t. ---Do you want any sweet potatoes? ---Yes, please.---Do you want any biscuits? ---Yes, please.---Do you want chocolates? ---Yes, please.---Do you want a pancake? ---Yes, please.---Do you want to fly my new kite? ---Yes, I do. /Sorry, I can’t.---Do you want to go to the bookstore? ---Yes, I do. /Sorry, I can’t.---Do you want to go to the cinema? ---Yes, I do. /Sorry, I can’t.---Do you want to go for lunch now? ---Yes, I do. /Sorry, I can’t.---Does he come by taxi? ---Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t.---Does he go to the park by subway? ---Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t. ---Does he go to the hospital by bus? ---Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t.---Did you go to see your grandparents? ---Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.---Did she return the books? --- Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.---Did they win the football match? --- Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.---Can I have fish and rice, please? ---Yes, here you are.---Can I have fried rice, please? ---Yes, here you are.---Can I have rice noodles, please? ---Yes, here you are.---Can I have a fried egg, please? ---Yes, here you are.---Can I use the bathroom, please? ---Sure. / Sorry you can’t.---Can I use the towel, please? ---Sure. / Sorry you can’t.---Can I use the soap, please? ---Sure. / Sorry you can’t.---Can I use the shampoo, please? ---Sure. / Sorry you can’t.---Can I use the toothpaste, please? ---Sure. / Sorry you can’t.---Can you play ping-pong with me? ---I’m sorry I can’t. /Yes, let’s go.---Can you play basketball with me? ---I’m sorry I can’t. /Yes, let’s go.---Can you go ice-skating with me? ---I’m sorry I can’t. /Yes, let’s go.---Can you fly a kite with me? ---I’m sorry I can’t. /Yes, let’s go.---Can you tell me more about Halloween? ---Children dress up at night and knock on doors for candy. ---Can you tell me more about The Dragon Boat Festival? ---People have dragon boat races and eat zongzi.---Can you tell me more about Thanksgiving? ---Families get together and eat turkey.---Can you tell me more about Easter? ---Children have an Easter egg hunt.---Can I open the gift now? ---Plea se do. /Please don’t.---Can I have some ice cream now? --- Please do. /Please don’t.---Can I go home now? --- Please do. /Please don’t.---Can I go swimming with Maomao now? ---Please do. /Please don’t. ---Can I borrow your ping-pong bat? ---Yes, of course.---Can I borrow your markers? ---Yes, of course.---Can I borrow your ruler? ---Yes, of course.---Can I borrow your scissors? ---Yes, of course.---Can I borrow your crayons? ---Yes, of course.---Can I borrow your pencil sharpener? ---Yes, of course.---Can I use your computer? ---Sorry. I need to finish my homework first. ---Can I open the gift box? ---Sorry. It’s not for you.---Can I go out and play? ---Sorry. It’s raining outside.---Can I watch the cartoons? ---Sorry. Dad is watching the news.---Would you like to come to my room? ---Yes, we’d love to.---Would you like to read my books? ---Yes, we’d love to.---Would you like to ride my bike? ---Yes, I’d love to.---Would you like to play with my toys? ---Yes, I’d love to.---Would you like to use the glasses? ---No, thank you.---Would you like to use the spoon? ---No, thank you.---Would you like to use the bowl? ---No, thank you.---Would you like to use the chopsticks? ---No, thank you.---Would you please hold these books for me? ---No problem.---Would you please close the window for me? ---No problem.---Would you please turn off the light for me? ---No problem.---Would you please pass me the water for me? ---No problem.---Would you mind opening the door, please? ---Sure. No problem.---Would you mind turning off the radio, please? ---Sure. No problem.---Would you mind turning on the light, please? ---Sure. No problem.---Would you like to come to my house? ---Sorry I can’t. I must stay at home. ---Would you like to walk the dog? ---Sorry I can’t. I must tidy my room.---Is this your jacket? ---Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is this your watch? ---Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is this your cap? ---Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is this your football? ---Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is the second class Chinese? --- Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is the sixth class Maths? --- Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is the fifth class English? --- Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is the seventh class PE? --- Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.---Is Guoguo there? ---Sorry, she is not home/here.---Is Sara there? ---Sorry, she is not home/here.---Is Maomao there? ---Sorry, he is not home/here.---Are these your trousers? ---Yes, they are. /No, they are not.---Are these your shorts? ---Yes, they are. /No, they are not.---Are these your socks? ---Yes, they are. /No, they are not.---Are these your shoes? ---Yes, they are. /No, they are not.---Are you going to run a race? ---Yes, I am. /No, I am not.---Are you going to do the high jump? ---Yes, I am. /No, I am not.---Are you going to do the long jump? ---Yes, I am. /No, I am not.---Are you going to jump the rope? ---Yes, I am. /No, I am not.---Are you going to Chengdu by train? ---No, we are going by plane.---Are you going to the Bird’s Nest by car? ---No, we are going by subway.---Are you going to the Summer Palace by bus? ---No, we are going by taxi.---May I borrow your markers, please? ---Here you are.---May I borrow your eraser, please? ---Here you are.---May I borrow your ruler, please? ---Here you are.---May I borrow your books, please? ---Here you are.---May I borrow your pencil, please? ---Here you are.---May I have a cup of milk tea, please? ---Sure.---May I have a cup of black tea, please? ---Sure.---May I have a cup of green tea, please? ---Sure.---May I look at that pair of shoes, please? ---Sure. Here you are.---May I look at that pair of slippers, please? --- Sure. Here you are.---May I look at these boots, please? --- Sure. Here you are.---May I look at these sandals, please? --- Sure. Here you are.---May I look at those sneakers, please? --- Sure. Here you are.---May I take your order now? ---Yes, I’d like/ I’ll have a salad, fish, and mushroom soup.---May I take your order now? ---Yes, I’d like/ I’ll have a pizza, a glass o f juice, and a sandwich. ---Will Dad drive us there? ---Yes, he will.---Will Mike come for dinner? ---Yes, he will.---Will your sister come to see us? ---Yes, she will.---Will you take football lessons? ---Yes, I will. /No, I won’t.---Will you take ballet lessons? ---Yes, I will. /No, I won’t.---Will you take computer lessons? ---Yes, I will. /No, I won’t.---Will you take piano lessons? ---Yes, I will. /No, I won’t.---The windows are dirty. Shall we clean them this afternoon? ---Yes, let’s. ---The bike is broken. Shall we fix it this afternoon? ---Yes, let’s.---The plants are dry. Shall we water them this afternoon? ---Yes, let’s.二．特殊疑问句---What do you do on Saturday? ---I often go to see a film.---What do you do on Sunday? ---I go to the zoo.---What do you collect? ---I collect rulers. I have forty.---What do you collect? ---I collect crayons. I have thirty.---What do you collect? ---I collect cards. I have fifty.---What do you collect? ---I collect stickers. I have sixty.---What do you see in spring? ---The trees turn green.---What do you see in spring? ---The butterflies dance.---What do you see in spring? ---The bears wake up.---What do you want to be? ---I want to be a writer.---What do you want to be? ---I want to be a singer.---What do you want to be? ---I want to be a dancer.---What do you want to be? ---I want to be a football player.---What does your father do? ---He is a teacher.---What does your father do? ---He is a policeman.---What does your mother do? ---She is a dentist.---What does your father do? ---He is a worker.---What does she wear on stage? ---She wears pretty dresses.---What does he wear at work? ---He wears a suit with a tie.---What does she wear at school? ---She wears formal clothes.---What did you do this summer? ---I went back to Canada.---What did you do this summer? ---I wrote a story.---What did you do this summer? ---I made cakes.---What did you say? ---I said you should stop eating too much.---What did your father say? ---He said I should stop playing computer games. ---What did the doctor say? ---He said I should stop smoking.---What is your number? ---My number is twelve.---What is (What’s) this? ---It is (It’s) an elephant.---What is(What’s) for breakfast? ---We have bread, milk, eggs, and fruits. ---What is (What’s) the ninth month in English? ---It’s September.---What is (What’s) the tenth month in English? ---It’s October.---What is (What’s) the eleventh month in English? ---It’s November.---What is (What’s) the twelfth month in English? ---It’s October.---What’s your favourite food? ---It’s jiaozi.---What’s your favourite food? ---It’s noodles.---What’s your favourite food? ---It’s fried fish.---What’s your favourite food? ---It’s meat balls.---What is the date today? ---It’s October the thirteenth.---What is the date today? ---It’s November the seventeenth.---What is the date today? ---It’s November the eighteenth.---What is the date today? ---It’s December the twenty-third.---What is the date today? ---It’s December the twenty-second. ---What is (What’s)the weather like today? ---It’s sunny.---What is (What’s)the weather like today? ---It’s warm.---What is (What’s)the weather like today? ---It’s cool.---What is (What’s)the weather like today? ---It’s cold.---What is (What’s)the weather like today? ---It’s hot.---What is he wearing? ---He is wearing a blue suit with a silver tie. ---What is she wearing? ---She is wearing a denim skirt.---What is she wearing? ---She is wearing jeans.---What is he wearing? ---He is wearing a hoody.---What is she wearing? ---She is wearing pajamas.---What’s your favourite game? ---It’s rugby.---What’s your favourite game? ---It’s tennis.---What’s your favourite game? ---I t’s badminton.---What’s your favourite game? ---It’s ice hockey.---What’s your favourite game? ---It’s basketball.---What’s your favourite game? ---It’s baseball.---What’s your favourite game? ---It’s volleyball.---What’s your watch like? ---It’s square, and It’s black.---What’s your box like? ---It’s round, and it’s red.---What’s your clock like? ---It’s round, and it’s pink.---What’s your eraser like? ---It’s square, and it’s green.---What shapes do you see in the house? ---I see a triangle.---What shapes do you see in the bus? ---I see two circles.---What shapes do you see in the ship? ---I see five rectangles.---What size do you wear? ---I wear a Medium and she wears a Large.---What size do you wear? ---I wear a 34 and he wears a 42.---What size do you wear? ---I wear an XS and she wears a XL.---What are you going to do this afternoon? ---We are going to plant trees.---What are you going to do this morning? ---We are going to make a cake.---What are they going to do today? ---They are going to see the monkeys at the zoo. ---What are they going to do this evening? ---They are going to make a card.---What are you doing? ---I’m making a card.---What are you doing? ---I’m playing a game.---What are you doing? ---I’m listening to music.---What are you good at? ---We are good at ice sports.---What are you good at? ---We are good at table tennis.---What are you good at? ---We are good at diving.---What time are we going to leave? ---We are going to leave at 7:30.---What time are we going to get up? ---We are going to get up at 6:30.---What time are we going to have breakfast? ---We are going to have breakfast at 7:00.---What time are we going to visit the palace? ---We are going to visit the palace at 8:30.---What time are we going to meet at the gate? ---We are going to meet at the gate at 12:00.---What time are we going to have lunch? ---We are going to have lunch at 12:30.---What time are we going to leave for the museum? ---We are going to leave for the museum at 13:30. ---What time are we going to have dinner? ---We are going to have dinner at 17:30.---What time are we going to leave for the show? ---We are going to leave for the show at 18:30.---What time are we going to get back to the hotel? ---We are going to get back to the hotel at 21:30. ---What would you like to eat? ---I’d like some vegetables.---What would you like to eat? ---I’d like some meatballs.---What would you like to have? ---I’d like Peking Duck.---What would you like to have? ---I’d like some ji aozi.---What would you like to drink? ---I’d like a glass of soy milk.---What would you like to drink? ---I’d like a glass of orange juice.---What will you do in Sichuan? ---I will visit Du-jiang-yan.---What will you do in Shandong? ---I will visit Mount Tai.---What will you do in Tibet? ---I will visit the Potala Palace.---What will you do in Gansu? ---I will visit the Mogao Caves.---What happened to you? ---I hurt my right leg.---What happened to you? ---My cat scratched me.---What happened to you? ---I broke my arm.---How many pigs do you have on your farm? ---I have sixteen pigs.---How many girls do you have in your class? ---We have nineteen girls.---How many seasons are there in a year? ---There are four.---How many days are there in a week? ---There are seven.---How many hours are there in a day? ---There are twenty-four.---How many stars are there? ---There are five yellow stars, one big star and four small ones.---How many pencils are there? ---There are five pencils, three long pencils and two short ones.---How many cats are there? ---There are four cats, one big cat and three small ones.---How many monkeys are there? ---There are three monkeys, one old monkey and two young ones.---How many medals did the Chinese athletes win? ---They won 51 gold medals, 21 silver medals, and 28 bronze medals.---How many shirts did he buy? ---He bought three shirts.---How many books did she borrow? ---She borrowed six books.---How much is it? ---It’s sixty-nine yuan. ---Here is the money. ---Here is your change.---How much is it? ---It’s eight yuan. ---Here is the money. ---Here is your change.---How much is it? ---It’s three yuan. ---Here is the money. ---Here is your change.---How much is it? ---It’s twenty yuan. ---Here is the money. ---Here is your change.---How old are you? ---I am(I’m) eight.---How old is your girl? ---She is eight.---How old is he? ---He is eight.---How often does each animal come around? ---Every twelve years.---How often does the girl go to the dentist? ---Every six months.---How often does the boys practice together? ---Every three days.---How is the weather in Sydney? ---Bad. It’s raining.---How is the weather in Kunming? ---Fine. The sun is shining.---How is the weather in Alaska? ---Cold. It’s snowing.---How does your dad go to work? ---He goes to work by car.---How does your mum go to work? ---She goes to work by taxi.---How does Lingling go to see her grandparents? ---She goes to see them by subway. ---How do you go to school? ---I go to school by bus.---How do you go to the cinema? ---I go to the cinema by bike.---How do you go to the zoo? ---I go to the zoo on foot.---How did you go to Hangzhou? ---We went there by air.---How did you go to the Spring Festival Fair? ---We went there on foot.---How did you go to the train station? ---We went there by taxi.---How did you go to Shanghai? ---We went there by train.---I will dance. How about you? ---I will play the piano.---I will play the drum. How about you? ---I will do magic tricks.---When do you go home? ---At five thirty.---When do you get up? ---At sixty thirty.---When do you go to school? ---At seven thirty.---When do you go to bed? ---At nine thirty.---When did you came back? ---I came back last Thursday.---When did he go to the airport? ---He went to the airport last Monday morning.---When did she finish the piano lessons? ---She finished the piano lessons last week. ---When is Teachers’ Day? ---It’s September the tenth.---When is Thanksgiving? ---It’s in November.---When is Halloween? ---It’s in October.---When is Christmas? ---It’s in December.---When is New Year’s Day? ---It’s in January.---When is Kevin’s birthday? ---It’s September the eighth.---When is Susan’s birthday? ---It’s September the ninth.---When is your birthday? ---It’s in March.---When is your birthday? ---It’s in April.---When is your birthday? ---It’s in May.---When is your birthday? ---It’s in June.---When is your birthday? ---It’s in July.---When is your birthday? ---It’s in August.---When is the Mid-Autumn Festival? ---It’s on the fifteenth day of the eighth month in the Chinese calendar.---When is the Double Ninth Festival? ---It’s on the ninth day of the ninth month in the Chinese calendar. ---When is the Lantern Festival? ---It’s on the fi fteenth day of the second month in the Chinese calendar. ---When is the Dragon Boat Festival? ---It’s on the fifth day of the fifth month in the Chinese calendar. ---When was Grandma born? ---She was born on June 15th.---When was Grandpa born? ---He was born on February 9th.---When was mother born? ---She was born on August 14th.---When was father born? ---He was born on July 29th.---When did the ancient Olympic Games begin? ---They began in 776BC.---When did the Qin Dynasty begin? ---It began in 221BC.---When did the Tang Dynasty begin? ---It began in 618AD.---When did people hold the first modern Olympics? ---They held them in 1896 in Athens.---When did people hold the 29th modern Olympics? ---They held them in 2021 in Beijing.---When did people hold the 30th modern Olympics? ---They held them in 2021 in London.---Where is my shirt? ---It’s under the bed.---Where is my coat? ---It’s behind the sofa.---Where is my cap? ---It’s on the desk.---Where is my dress? ---It’s in the box.---Where is the UK? ---It’s in Europe.---Where is China? ---It’s in Asia.---Where is the USA? ---It’s North Am erica.---Where is Australia? ---It’s in Oceania.---Where is Canada? ---It’s in North America.---Where is Russia? ---It’s in Asia.---Where is Ottawa? ---It’s in the east of the country.---Where is Shanghai? --- It’s in the east of the country.---Where is Lhasa? ---It’s in the west of the country.---Where is Hohhot? ---It’s in the north of the country.---Where is Guangzhou? ---It’s in the south of the country. ---Where are you from? ---I’m from New York in the USA. ---Where are you from? ---I’m from Toronto in Canada.---Where are you from? ---I’m from Sydney in the Australia. ---Where does he live? ---He lives on a farm.---Where does he live? ---He lives in the forest.---Where does he live? ---He lives by the lake.---Where does he live? ---He lives on the grassland.---Where does he live? ---He lives in the mountains.---Where did you go last weekend? ---We flew to Hangzhou.---Where did you go yesterday afternoon? ---We drove to Xiangshan.---Where did you go on Friday morning? ---We took the train to Tianjin.---Which season do you like? ---I like spring. I can fly a kite.---Which season do you like? ---I like summer. I can go camping.---Which season do you like? ---I like autumn. I can pick apples.---Which season do you like? ---I like winter. I can play in the snow.---Which kind would you like? ---This one looks nice.---Which colour would you like? ---This one looks nice.---Which shape would you like? ---This one looks nice.---Which animal was the first of the twelve? ---It was the rat.---Which season is the first of the four? ---It is spring.---Which month is the first of the year? ---It is January.---Chicken or fish, which do you like better? ---I like fish better.---Sandwiches or hamburgers, which do you like better? ---I like hamburgers better. ---Donuts or cupcakes, which do you like better? ---I like cupcakes better.---Milk shake or apple juice, which do you like better? ---I like apple juice better.---Which class do you like best? ---I like English best. I do best in English.---Which class do you like best? ---I like English PE. I do best in PE.---Which class do you like best? ---I like Chinese best. I do best in Chinese.---Which class do you like best? ---I like calligraphy best. I do best in calligraphy.---Which class do you like best? ---I like science best. I do best in science.---Which class do you like best? ---I like art best. I do best in art.---Why are you so happy? ---Because we are back at school.---Why are you upset? ---Because my new watch is missing.---Why are you worried? ---Because my English book is missing.---Why are you sad? ---Because my new football is missing.---Why is she so angry? ---Because the room is messy.---Why is he so tired? ---Because he played too hard.---Why do you look so sad? ---Because my dog is missing.---Why does he look so surprised? ---Because the gold is missing.---Why do they look so excited? ---Because they will go to the zoo.---Why did you stand on your head? ---Because I wanted to practice kungfu. ---Why did she cry? ---Because she fell.---Why did you go to hospital? ---Because I cut my finger.---Who invented those vehicles? ---Some smart people did.---Who invented the plane? ---The Wright brothers did.---Who invented the telephone? ---Mr. Bell did.。
初中英语语法口诀歌
初中英语语法口诀歌1.数词变化规律及读法口诀两大数词基和序，前表数量后第几。
构成先谈基数词，1至12请认真记。
13至19teen结尾齐，ty结尾表示几十。
若要表达几十几，几十短横1到9。
One hundred一百记，若表几百几十几。
几百and几十几，基数规律上述里。
再把序数谈仔细，第一至三独立记。
第四至十九结尾th,第廿到九十有规律。
基数基础y变ieth。
第几十几有特例，第几十由基数起，几用序数有道理。
第一百one hundred。
若说第一百几十几。
One hundred and第几十几。
谈此即告一段落。
序有缩式莫忘记，上述须用心体味。
2.句子种类口诀句子按用途分四大体，陈述疑问感叹和祈使。
陈述用来叙述一件事。
疑问主要用来提问题。
祈使表达命令和请求。
表达强烈感情感叹句。
上述九是句种之定义。
祈使主语you被抛弃。
若将其变成否定形式，动词之前加don’t是正理。
3.陈述句变感叹句口诀英语陈述变感叹两句套。
What或How加其他成分表。
What[a(an)]形加名用的妙。
剩余照写句末用感叹号。
How后副和形是正确道，其后照写感叹号堪称妙。
4.一般现在时用法及句型转换口诀经常习惯动作和真理，是一般现在时的定义。
构成除单三皆动原式。
若逢动词第三人称体，动词变单三式有道理。
若要变成否定的形式，动词原形之前加don’t。
除单三人称外无特例，单三式前doesn’t动原基。
句首Do,Does疑问起，Does用单三人称限制，单三还原形没大问题。
5.变动词单三人称口诀一般情况动词尾-s加。
O,s,ch,sh结尾“-es”没有差。
辅音加y去y为“-ies”是方法。
6.现在进行时及句型转换口诀现在正在进行之动作，用现在进行时来掌舵。
构成be加现在分词妥，be的用法如同系动词。
切记be是助动词没错，be后面加not否定拓。
Be提句首疑问有把握，上述内容记清好处多。
7.现在分词构成口诀词尾直加-ing是一般式，若遇无音e去之加-ing。
英语学习中所有口诀集锦
英语学习口诀集锦一、听力口诀听力训练，每天不断；听后朗读，先易后难；分清考点，速记要点；轻取所需，音绝何难？二、阅读理解口诀读分精泛，快慢相间；预想在先，生词不看；抓住观点，重点三看；行云流水，字里行间；材料观点，铭记心间；牢记问题，抓住关键；会问查看，比较选项；选择答案，排除在先。
三、单词记忆口诀1、“五到” -----眼嘴手脑心，读写背默听（“五到”记忆法）2、记过单词莫忘记，几天以后再记忆；似忘非忘又温习，反反复复印心理。
（循环记忆法）3、单词多了别心烦，分片分组来攻占；五个一组先吃掉，几组连成一大片。
（分组记忆法）4、结合词组句子记，有情有景有意义；重点段落须背诵，理解深刻又生动。
（理解记忆法）5、要想单词不写错，语音一关还得过；读音规则掌握好，拼写自然少差错。
（语音记忆法）6、分类归纳便于记，同类词汇放一起。
（归纳记忆法）7、同义近义反义词，辨析对比来记忆；比较对照才开窍，印象深刻记得牢。
（对比记忆法）8、单词长了容易忘，卡片纸条来帮忙。
（卡片记忆法）9、构词法要学习，前缀后缀有规律；转换常把词类变，合成本是二合一。
（构词记忆法）10、课外读物有情趣，单词复现便于记；只要坚持常阅读，一举几得大有宜。
（阅读记忆法）四、国际音标国际音标四十八，个个都要记住它；元音单、双二十整，辅音清、浊二十八。
拼读口诀辅音轻读元音重，两音相读猛一碰五、语法记忆口诀名词单数变复数1、-f(e)结尾的名词---- 把--f(e)改为ves树叶半数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一条狼，就像小偷逃命忙。
（leaf,half,self,wife,knife,shelf,wolf,thief,life)2、-f结尾的名词的复数直接加--S一个有信仰的海湾首领叫农奴到屋顶找到证据-----手帕。
（belief，gulf，chief，serf，roof，proof,handkerchief后接s）3、以O结尾的名词+es黑人和英雄爱吃西红柿拌土豆（Negroes and heroes eat tomatoes and potatoes)以O结尾+S 的名词工作间里有架钢琴，钢琴上有台收音机，收音机旁有幅照片，照片里有动物园，动物园里有竹子。
《英语语法句法窍门》之20讲：用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词
《英语语法句法窍门》之20讲：用试加法区别作定语的现
在分词和动名词
《英语语法句法窍门》之20讲：用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词
试加法是用for带入原含有v＋ing形式的词组中，意思通顺者，v＋ing形式为动名词。
例如：
a sleeping car→a car for sleeping（car是供睡觉的）
a dancing hall→a hall for dancing（hall供跳舞的）
二句均通顺，合乎逻辑，所以sleeping和dancing均为动名词。
又如：a sleeping boy→a boy for sleeping（boy供睡觉），显然意思不通顺，因而sleeping在此处便是现在分词了。
这样的定语还可以用试加转换定语从句法加以验证。
一般说来能转换成合理的定语从句的，v＋ing即为现在分词。
如上例：
a sleeping boy=a boy who is sleeping．
working people=people who are working
a burning stick=a stick which is burning。
英语语法词法句法简介
英语语法词法句法简介★清华大学★英语系测试：为中学英语量身定做.官方网站：/清华大学英语教授50年研究成果词法句法基本知识1词类（parts of speech）词类英语名称作用所作句子成分例词名词Noun(n.)表示人或事物名称主语/宾语/表语/定语/状语/同位语/补语man, car, China,Beijing, desk,advice(建议),代词Pronoun(pron.)代替名词等主语/宾语/表语/定语I, it, them, that,his, who, any,数词Numeral(num.)表示数目或顺序主语/宾语/表语/定语one, two, first,second动词Verb (v.)表示动作或状态谓语is, am, are, have,study，work，want, like实词形容Adjective（adj.）修饰人、事物的特表语/定语/补语big，small，long，short, boring,词征new, sad, funny副词Adverb(adv.)修饰动词/形容词/副词状语/表语also, too, very,often, here,there, not冠词Article(art.)用在名词前，限制名词的意义a, an, the介词Preposition（prep.）表示名词或代词与他词关系of，in，on, for,at,about，with，over,连词Conjunction（conj.）用来连接词与短语/从句/句子的词/从句/句子and，but，or，because，when，where虚词感叹Interjection（interj.）表示说话的感情不作句子成分oh，aha，hi,hello,词2句子成分(members of sentences)（1）句子成分：组成句子的各个部分。
（2）英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，状语，同位语，补语定语等。
英语语法顺口溜,让孩子学习英语不再愁
目录英语语法顺口溜，让孩子学习英语不再愁高考英语语法实用口诀英语语法顺口溜，让孩子学习英语不再愁利用顺口溜来学习英语，至少有三大好处：一是节省了时间。
死记硬背效果差不说，还费时间，而利用顺口溜，效率又高又省时；二是培养了自己的概括思维能力。
把一些词语编成顺口溜，看似容易，其实也难；三是使人觉得学习英语还是饶有兴趣的。
既然顺口溜有这么多好处，那么，何乐而不为呢?动词为纲滚雪球难易编组抓循环同类归纳印象深图示介词最直观混淆多因形音义反义词语成对念构词方法不可忘习惯用语集中练词不离句法最好课外阅读莫间断be 的用法口诀我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；单数名词用is，复数名词全用are.变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in.要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错at也用在明分前，说差可要用上to，说过只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，莫让岁月空蹉跎可数名词的复数变化规律[1]：名词复数有规律，一般词尾加s;辅音字母+y型，变y为i,es;ch,sh真有趣，s,x,es;f,fe真小气，字母v来把它替，es在后别忘记；字母o来真神奇，有生命来es,没有生命+s.可数名词复数特殊变化规律[2]：中日好友来聚会，绵羊、鹿、鱼把家回。
男士、女士a变e；牙（齿）、脚双o变双e;孩子们想去天安门，原形后面r、e 、n;老鼠本来爱大米，mice,ice和rice.注：中Chinese,日Japanese，好友people. 绵羊sheep,鹿deer,鱼fish （这些单词单复数一样）man--menwoman--women tooth--teeth foot--feet child--children mouse--mice一般现在时态（一）we、you、they作主语，动词原形后面跟；否定句，更容易，动词前面加don't;疑问句，别着急，句首Do，来帮你，后面问号别忘记；肯定回答用Yes,we、you、they加上do; 否定回答要用No,we、you、they加don't.（二）主语三单他、她、它，动三形式后面压，词尾一般s加；辅音字母+y型，变y为i,es; ch,sh真有趣，s,x,es; 三个特殊那里去？has、goes和does; 否定句，记住它，动词前面doesn't; 疑问句，别着急，句首Does，来帮你; 肯定回答用Yes,he、she、it加does; 否定回答要用No,he、she、it、doesn't; Does、doesn't来帮你，后面动词定注意，恢复原形要切记。
《初级英语语法之五种基本句型》
初级英语之五种基本句型英语中的词依据一定的语法规则可以构成不同的短语，如名词短语、动词短语，这些短语又可以依据一定的规则组合在一起构成句子。
这些句子构成的法则，就是句法。
根据句子的成分，英语句子有五种基本句型，即主系表、主谓、主谓宾、主谓双宾和主谓宾宾补；根据句子的语气，英语句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
五种基本句型•主系表•主谓•主谓宾•主谓双宾•主谓宾宾补句子的语气•陈述句•疑问句•祈使句（肯定形式）•祈使句（否定形式和综合练习）•感叹句第三章句法|五大基本句型Lesson 64句子类型（主系表）五种基本句型英语中最常见、最基本的句型有五种，其他句型都是在它们的基础上变化而来的。
句型与动词的类型直接相关。
•S+V+P 主系表结构•S+V 主谓结构•S+V+O 主谓宾结构•S+V+O1+O2主谓双宾结构•S+V+O+C 主谓宾宾补结构S =主语；V =谓语；P =表语；O =宾语；O1=间接宾语；O2=直接宾语；C =宾语补足语主系表结构（S+V+P)这类句子的基本结构由三部分组成：主语+系动词+表语。
2.1主语主语一般在句子的开头,是整个句子的“陈述对象”，后面的一切都是针对主语来说的。
主语一般是名词或者代词。
•I am a student.我是一个学生。
•The boy looks happy.那个男孩看起来很开心。
2.2系动词系动词又名连系动词，不表示具体动作，是连接主语和表语的。
系动词的数量有限，常见的只有十几个：•be 动词类：am 、is 、are 、was 、were •表示变化类：become 、get 、turn 、grow 、go •感官动词类：look 、sound 、smell 、taste 、feel •表示延续性的动词：remain 、stay 、keep212.3表语表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的，通常由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing sth.(动名词短语)等来充当。
《英语语法句法窍门》之17讲：巧记动名词一例
《英语语法句法窍门》之17讲：巧记动名词一例
《英语语法句法窍门》之17讲：巧记动名词一例
习题一道：
I object____loud music playing while I eat．
A．have B．to have
C．having D．to having
答案为D。
可有不少同学选了B，原因是他们不知道短语object to（反对）中的to是介词，后面应接动名词。
类似的短语还有一些，我们可用下面这两句话帮助记忆：
习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物，这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道。
不喜欢这种事实的人谈到此事时，总期待着加上自己的努力使它开始改变。
习惯于be（get）used to
坚持stick to
反对object to
导致lead to
献身于devote to
被宣判为be sentenced to
喜欢prefer to…
谈到 come to
期待look forward to
加上 add to
开始 get to。
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英语语法歌之句法
主谓宾表定状补,主语谓语成一句.
主语句首名代词,分词短语不定式.
主语后是谓语动,人称和数要一致.
系动之后是表语,及物动后接宾语.
副介不定作状语,修饰动副形容词.
定语修饰名代词,位置灵活用法多.
名形不定作宾补,与宾逻辑成主谓.
句子成分构成句,主语省略祈使句.
陈述祈使感叹句,一般特殊疑问句,
选择反意疑问句,疑问回答要注意.
简单并列复合句,五种句型简单句.
主语连系加宾语,主语动词不及物.
主语及物加宾语,主语及物间直宾.
主语及物宾宾补,there be句型表存在.
要看主从复合句,什么成分什么句.
宾语状语定语从,主语表语同位从.
分析位置先行词,其实结构并不难.
还有这些要注意,直接间接的引语.
省略倒装强调句,虚拟语气的语句.
这些用法都有序,结合例句多分析.
语法语法我不惧,任你成千上万句.。