托福TPO听力按学科分类
tpo 听力 学科分类及部分单词总结(含词根)演示教学
t p o听力学科分类及部分单词总结(含词根)Conversation课程学业：1.课程与作业：1-2，5-2，6-2，8-2，9-1，10-1，12-1，15-2，16-2，17-1，19-1，22-2，25-1，26-1，27-1，27-2，28-1，29-1，30-1，30-2，32-1，33-1，33-2，34-22.选课与换课：14-2，21-2，23-2，24-2，28-23.研究项目：2-1，4-2，13-1，20-2校园生活：1.图书馆与书店：1-1，4-1，7-2，9-2，10-2，13-2，14-1，20-1，24-1，26-2，31-2，34-12.校内工作：3-2，7-1，11-2，12-2，15-1，17-2，18-1，18-2，25-23.住宿与餐饮：19-2，32-24.问询：3-1，5-1，8-1，21-1，31-15.社团与活动：2-2，6-1，11-1，16-1，22-1，23-1，29-2TPO lecture 学科背景分类（1-34）1.Physical Science（38）Astronomy2-4（Bode’s Law）3-4（Spectroscopy）5-2（Moon Landing）13-4（Meteorites）14-3（Seafarers and Stars）18-1（Sunspots）19-2（Difficulties in Astronomy）21-1（Geocentric Theory）22-2（Faint Young Sun Paradox）24-4（Shield Volcano on Venus）26-3（Comets）29-4（Carbon Nanotubes）30-3（Jarosite）Ecology & Environmental Science9-2（Shrubs in Tundra）10-3（Phosphorus Cycle）11-3（Landscape & Climate）12-4（Solar Energy）13-2（Interrelationships）17-2（Milankovitsh Hypothesis）20-2（Interglacial Periods）23-2（Earth Radiation Budgets）29-1（Pedodiversity Plant）32-2（Relationships among Species）33-2（Colorado’s Water）34-2（ASP Digestion）Geology1-2（Uranium-Lead Dating）4-2（Moving Rocks）6-4（Climate Change in Sahara Desert）7-4（Glacial Movement）9-3（Desert Lakes）15-2（Geologic Time Periods）16-1（Lechuguilla Cave）30-2（Oviraptor）31-2（Plate Drift）32-3（The Copper Basin）Chemistry5-3（Spectroscopy）8-4（The Periodic Table of Elements）Computer Science21-2（Software Development）2.Social ScienceArcheology1-3（Catalhoyuk）14-4（Passage Graves）23-1（Antikythera Mechanism）24-3（Megafauna）28-4（Gonur-depe）29-3（Clovis People & Caches）32-1（Ancient Bananas）33-1（The Great Pyramid）History4-4（Government Support for Arts）8-3（Vision Correction）10-2（American Food Crops）17-3（Ancient Egyptian Calendar）18-3（Spices）25-3（Egyptian Hieroglyphs）Economics & Business6-1（Boom and Bust）11-4（Advertising）12-2（Managing by Wandering Around）26-1（Green Marketing）34-4（The Life of Innovation）Psychology2-1（Behaviorism）10-4（Childhood Amnesia）14-1（Cognition）15-1（Distraction）30-1（Metacognition）Anthropology7-3（Iroquois People & Birch Tree）22-1（State Formation）31-4（The Botai Culture）Linguistics9-4（Features of Human Language）19-1（Family Tree Model）20-1（Gricean Maxims）Philosophy2-3（Aristotle）28-1（Foundationalism）Sociology5-1（Meme）3.Life ScienceAnimal7-2（Bat’s Use of Ultrasound）10-1（Whales）14-2（Microclimate）17-4（Octopus）18-4（North American Wood Frog）20-4（Snowshoe Hare）21-3（Evolution Theory）22-3（Pleistocene Rewilding）23-3（Dolphin’s Navigation）24-1（Crocodile Vocalization）27-1（Coral Reefs Marine）27-3（Sauropod）31-3（Decline of Coral Reefs）33-3（Notothenioids）12-1（Cell Division）15-4（Biology Community）26-2（Carbon Cycling）Animal Behavior1-4（Marmots）3-1（Humming Birds）4-1（Displacement Activity）8-1（Active Habitat Selection）11-1（Distraction Display）16-3（Foraging Behavior Among Beavers）25-1（Assisted Migration Conservation）25-4（Play）28-2（Mirror Self-Recognition）Botany2-2（Manila Hemp）6-2（Nightcap Oak）19-3（Plants in Salt Mashes）28-3（Plant s’ Photoreceptor）34-3（Plants and Pollinators）4.ArtArt History3-3（Chauvet Painting）8-2（Women Artist in Paris）15-2（Palimpsest）16-4（Stained Glass Art）17-1（Prehistoric Art Dating）18-2（Copies of Greek Sculptures）26-4（Archimedes Palimpsest）34-1（Dadaism）1-1（Rose Frantzen）19-4（Cecilia Beaux）21-4（Alice Neel）27-4（Primary Colors）Music12-3（Opera）16-2（Piano）22-4（Musicians & Film Industry）25-2（Bela Bartok）27-2（Cremonese Violin）30-4（Electric Guitar）31-1（Music in Ancient Greece）Literature4-2（Emerson’s Self－reliance）5-4（Folk Tales and Fairy Tales）6-3（Character Sketch）13-3（Medieval Poetry）20-3（Folk Tales）Architecture11-2（Cape Cod House）13-1（Pedestrian Malls）29-2（Reverberation）32-4（Harriet Morrison Irwin）33-4（The Renaissance Gardens）Dance History23-4（Screen Dance）24-2（Modern Dance）Theater History7-1（The Well－made Play）9-1（Philippe Jacques De Loutherbourg）Film History3-2（Jean Painleve）astronomy2-4asteroid beltMercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranus (天神，乌拉诺斯)NeptunePlutoAstronomical unitPatternCeresobjectGravitation gravity，grav=heavy重，或悲伤Grave 严肃的，庄重的，坟墓Aggra－vation 加重，恶化You can imagine that there was some interest in why the 2.8 spot was skipped Validity3-4bloom 花，开花期 n. 开花，使植物繁盛，大量出现v.spectroscopy spectroscopicspectraspectral linesspectrum 光谱，波普，范围，系列spectral graphemitchemical compositioncrystal prismbeamoptical radiationexposeuranium 以Uranus 为依据命名heliumbleed intomagnify 放大，赞美randomlycompileflamefingerprintextensivecircumspect 小心谨慎的circum周围+spect看→看周围→小心2perspective 透视的per全部+spect看+ive……的→看透了的→透视的3prospective 预期的prospect前景+ive……的→adj.预期的4respectable 可敬的;人格高尚的respect尊敬+able可以……的→adj.可敬的;人格高尚的5respectful 恭敬的,尊重的respect尊敬,尊重+ful有……的→adj.恭敬的,尊重的6respective 各自的,各个的re回+spect看+ive……的→回头看[自己]→各自的7retrospective 追想的,回顾的retrospect[v.回顾,回想]+ive……的→adj.追想的,回顾的8spectacular 壮观的,引人注目的spect看+acular……的→adj.壮观的,引人注目的 n.壮观的演出Badv.1respectively 分别地, 各个地respective[adj.各自的,各个的]+ly表副词→adv.分别地, 各个地Cn.1prospect 景象,前景pro前面+spect看→向前看→前景2aspect 样子, 外表, 面貌, [问题等的]方面a加强意义+spect看→看的东西→外表,容貌3circumspection 细心,慎重circumspect[adj.小心谨慎的]+ion表名词→n.细心,慎重4inspector 检查员, 巡视员inspect[v.检查,调查,视察]+or人→n.检查员, 巡视员5inspection 检查,审查;检阅inspect[v.检查,调查,视察]+ion表名词→n.检查,审查;检阅6prospectus 章程,内容简介;创办计划pro前+spect看+u s→向前看的东西7respect 敬意,问候,关系,方面re再+spect看→再看[一眼]→尊敬8spectacle [spect看+acle东西→看的东西→景象;眼镜9spectacular 壮观的演出spect看+acular……的→adj.壮观的,引人注目的 n.壮观的演出10spectator 观众,旁观者spect看+ator人→看的人11spectrum 系列，范围；光谱spect看+rum→可以看的范围Dn.&v.1respect 尊敬,尊重re再+spect看→再看[一眼]→尊敬Ev.1expect 预期;期望,指望ex出+pect=spect看→看出去,看外面→期待2inspect 检查,调查,视察in内,里面+spect看→看里面→检查3retrospect 回顾,回想retro向后+spect看→向后看4speculate 思索;推测spec=spect看+ulate→看准了→思考,投机5suspect 怀疑sus下面+spect看→在下面看一看,斜眼看→怀疑前缀: per- 1. 表示"贯穿,自始至终;全部"; 2. 表示"假,坏"Aadj.1perennial 全年的per贯穿,自始至终;全部+enn年+ial的→全年的2permanent 永久的per贯穿,自始至终;全部+man拿住+ent……的→永久拿住→永恒的3pernicious 有害的,有毒的per贯穿,自始至终;全部+nic毒+ious……的→有毒的4perplexed 困惑的per贯穿,自始至终;全部+plex重叠+ed……的→重叠在一起→困惑的5perspective 透视的per贯穿,自始至终;全部+spect看+ive……的→看透了→透视的6perspicacious 独具慧眼的per贯穿,自始至终;全部+spic看+acious多……的→全部看到→独具慧眼7perverse 刚愎自用的,故意作对的per贯穿,自始至终;全部+vers转+e→一直和别人拧着转8perfunctory 草率的per假,坏+funct作用+ory……的→没起好作用→草率的Bn.1percussion 敲打;碰击; 冲突per贯穿,自始至终;全部+cuss摇动,敲打+ion表名词→一直敲打2peroxide 过氧化物per贯穿,自始至终;全部+oxide氧化物→贯穿的氧化物→过氧化物3perturb 烦乱,扰乱per贯穿,自始至终;全部+turb搅→直搅乱→扰乱4perfidy 不忠,背叛per假,坏+fid相信+y状态→假相信→不忠诚5perjury 伪证,假誓per假,坏+jur发誓+y状态→假发誓;参考:jury陪审团Cv.1perforate 打洞per贯穿,自始至终;全部+forate打孔→打孔穿过→打洞2perfuse 使洒遍,横流per贯穿,自始至终;全部+fuse流→流遍3permeate 弥漫,遍布,散布;渗入,渗透per贯穿,自始至终;全部+me走+ate表动词→走过去→渗透过去4persist 坚持per贯穿,自始至终;全部+sist站→站到最后→坚持5perspire 出汗per贯穿,自始至终;全部+spir呼吸+e→全身呼吸→出汗6persuade 劝说per贯穿,自始至终;全部+suade劝→一直劝→劝说7peruse 细读per贯穿,自始至终;全部+use利用→[读书的时候]全部利用→细读8pervade 弥漫,普及per贯穿,自始至终;全部+vade走→走遍,遍及9perpetrate 做坏事;犯罪per假,坏+petr石+ate表动词→像石头一样顽固的做坏事→专横,做坏事10pervert 堕落,滥用per假,坏+vert转→转向坏→堕落1.you get the idea2.Anyone want to take a stab at the scientific term for visible light? And I’m sure all of you know thisbecause you all did the reading for today3.before we get into that, it’s probably a good thing to back up a bit4.what happens if the sunlight’s spectrum is magnified? Maybe you all didn’t do the reading. Well,here’s what you’d see.5.I’m sure all of you know it. OK. Let’s try something else. Any of you happened to be familiar withthe …?5-2compelling reasonspinpointimpact craterbasincolor-coated imagespacecraftlunarorbitequatortopographical 地形的elevation (low, high)diameterdepthplanetaryredistributecrustmantlepenetratecomposition, formationmeteor showerconcentration of hydrogencometmoleculeevaporationprimitiveoxygen and hydrogenrocket fuelmaybe a ways off: way off, 偏离轨道，错得厉害，有很大距离，（”I think you are way off base.）haul: to move something really big with a lot of effortsperpetually, eternally, perpetual motion (永动机), permanentgive or takecrude estimateby inference “You seemed to know about the book and by inference I though t you had read it.”13-4meteoroids 流星体meteorite：陨石meteor: 流星，大气现象，meteorology，气象学，mythologyinterplanetary spaceproportionterrestrial territory terr＝earth，土地；frighten，可怕，恐惧；extraterrestrial 地球外的，宇宙的 Mediterranean，地中海的subterranean，地下的，subterrane，下层，洞穴，地下室cometasteroid (-oid, 希腊语，like， acidoid, 似酸的， asteroid，星状的，小行星，organoid，类器官debris uncountable noun 残骸，碎片，垃圾methanecarbon dioxide (monoxide) nitric oxide 一氧化氮particlenickelindistinguishableleft overanalogous: similar, “marine construction technology like this is very complex, somewhat analogous to trying to build a bridge under water.”Analogy 类似，相似，比拟，“The teacher draw an analogy between the human heart and a pump.”Now I’m going a bit out of a boarder here.the thing is, what’s especially interesting about … is that…难句: they consist of the same chemical elements that are in matter originated on earth.It might help if you think of…remember we talked about the two classes of planets in our solar system? And how they differ in composition?14-3latitude 纬度longitudealtitude elevationorient v. 标定方向，使熟悉或适应，orient oneself orientation n.oriental 东方的seafarersnavigationalpartition v. 分割 partition the country 分裂国家symmetrical 对称的匀称的symmetric 对称性的historichistoricalidenticalcanoediscern 看出理解了解识别Vikingkeep track of seasonsecology9-2we are around the topicCelsiusVegetationShrubTundra: a flat land with very little vegetationPrecipitation, respirationThawPermafrostImpermeableNone of the plants that grow there can have deep roots, can they? No, and that’s one of the reasons that shrubs survive in the arctic Interfere withMicrobes microbialMicroscopic organismNitrogenPhosphorusInsulateRun-offSemiaridPrairie10-3scarce scarcitynitrogen, carbon, phosphorus硫，sulphur sulphuricbreak down erodeparticleweather v.mine v.fertilizerdecomposecompositionalgaeclogadverse adversitysediment depositsubstantial11-3citrusbout 发作 I was suffering with a bout of nerves一段时间，一阵（不愉快的事大量发生）The latest bout of violence has claimed twenty-four lives.Spell of frost 一阵（某种活动，天气等）Wetland swamp marsh 淹没，使陷入困境，忙的不可开交OverwhelmedSwampy marshy 泥泞的沼泽的marshmallowsugar coated hawsdrain 排水 v. 下水道n. drainage 废水，排水系统sewer 下水道阴沟divert 转道，转向－vert＝turnconvert convertible 可辩论的敞篷车ventilate 通风 ventilate the room ventilatorsubscribe 订阅 subscribe to 同意，支持Fahrenheit CelsiusPlumb v. plumberA drop in the bucket12-4alternative energy sourcediffused 含糊不清的难以理解的diffuse v. 传播四散普及 to diffuse new ideas fuse 融化融合保险丝引信 confusespur v. 策马前进鼓励激励加速推动 n. 马刺，刺激因素fall into two categoriespanel 专门小组仪表板solar energyplantmega13-2interrelationshipinterdependenceecosystem ecofriendlylogpondstanding stillmammalssponge songebob squarepantssoak up17-2circular a. ovalelliptical a. 隐晦的，间接的hemisphere sphere 势力范围圈子，阶层This area was formerly within the sphere of influence of the US Glacier 冰川Rotation rotateAxis 轴 symmetry axisScopeSkeptical 怀疑性的TiltPrecessionGeology16-1permeablepermeate the smell of roast beef permeated the airlimestonesulfuric acidbacteriadiagram,let’s draw a diagramwater table 地下水位fissure deep crack in something, especially in rock.Carbonic acidDissolveSolubleSolutionSolv: loosen 溶解，解决，松开Dry as a boneBone dry: the river bed is bone dry.Residue: 残余，残渣，remainsPesticide residue：农药残留Homicide: 凶杀， suicide: 自杀Cide: cut, kill; homi: 人DecideGypsumDormant: 潜伏的，休眠的，静止的Dormant volcanoElaborate: 复杂的，精心制作的，精巧的Labor; 劳动Collaborate: 合作，协作15-2gravelgrav=heavy, 沉重的，悲伤的grave，aggravationgravity, gravitationgravitateepoch: 纪元，时期erosion and weatheringremnants: 残存物CE: common eraBCE: before common era 公元纪年AD: Anno Domini, in the year of our lord, 主的纪年BC: before ChristLivestock; 牲畜9-3Arabian PeninsulaBarren: 贫瘠的，荒原Monsoon: 季风，季风季节，季风雨Dot, spotButte: 孤山，独立的山丘Butt，buttonSand duneTorrential: torrential rain pours down very rapidly and in great quantities. Clay siltChop up 切开，割断 chopstick lamb chopHollow: 坑，洞，山谷 a hollow tree, 空心的树Ridge: 背脊，山脉，田埂，隆起Hollows and ridges: 沟壑3-3（Chauvet Painting）8-2（Women Artist in Paris）15-2（Palimpsest）16-4（Stained Glass Art）17-1（Prehistoric Art Dating）18-2（Copies of Greek Sculptures）26-4（Archimedes Palimpsest）34-1（Dadaism）1-1（Rose Frantzen）19-4（Cecilia Beaux）21-4（Alice Neel）27-4（Primary Colors）3-3cave paintingslides 幻灯片diagram，picturedepictprimitivedating techniquecharcoalPaleolithicNeolithic8-2canny，canny valleypremiereBiology12-1renew 更新，延长有效期tissuechromosomespringcoil up 盘绕，卷成一圈，coil：线圈，卷tongue in cheek 开玩笑的，不是认真的，风凉话，说说而已sequence，repetitiouslacethreadravel: 使纠缠，变得错综复杂，磨损，unravel，解开，阐明1-3settlementinhabitantNeolithicPaleolithicHatchway hatch孵化HearthPlaster 灰泥Lung ribSootBurial sitesAncestor 祖先词根 cess go 行走前进accessibleexcessive 过分的过度的successive suc 随后连续的继承的 successor 继承人继任者 heir heritor process 过程处理concession 让步迁就speculateexcavationcav holelife science12-1be programmed to do 预先设定好了要nerve cellsgene genetic informationchromosome (练习听开头猜测chromosome定义)springcoil 盘绕卷成圈线圈 coil upbreak off 分离脱离停止enzyme 酶immortal 不死的，永恒的，不朽的mortal 致命的，不共戴天的，终有一死的，极度的凡人人类mort ＝ death15-4inorganicphotosynthesisphoton光子microbe。
TPO听力15-31学科总结
TPO15 1. Psychology 2. GeologyTPO16 1. Geology 2. Music HistoryTPO17 1. Art History 2. Environmental Science TPO18 1. Astronomy 2. Art HistoryTPO19 1. Linguistics 2. AstronomyTPO20 1. Linguistics 2. Environmental Science TPO21 1. History of Science(Astronomy2. Computer ScienceTPO22 1. Anthropology 2. AstronomyTPO23 1. Archaeology 2. Environmental Science TPO24 1. Biology 2. Dance History(Art)TPO25 1. Conservation Biology 2. Music HistoryTPO26 1. Advertising(Economics) 2. BiologyTPO27 1. Marine Biology 2. History of Musical Instrum TPO28 1. Philosophy 2. Animal Behavior(Bio) TPO29 1. Plant Ecology(Bio) 2. ArchitectureTPO30 1. Psychology(Bio--meta-cogniti2. Paleontology(Bio)TPO31 1. Music 2. GeologyPsychology15(1),30(1*)Geology15(2),16(1),31(2)Art(Music, Dance)15(3),16(2),16(4),17(1)Biology15(4),16(3),17(4),18(4)Environmental Science17(2),20(2),23(2)History17(3),18(3)Astronomy18(1),19(2),21(1),22(2)Linguistics19(1),20(1)Literature20(3)Computer Science21(2)Anthropology22(1),31(4) Archaeology23(1),24(3),25(3),28(4) Economics26(1)Philosophy28(1)Architecture29(2)Structural Engineering(Aeronaut29(4)Conversation 1,1BConversation 1,2AConversation 1,3ADConversation 1,4CConversation 1,5BLecture 2,1DLecture 2,2ALecture 2,3CLecture 2,4CLecture 2,5ALecture 2,6BLecture 3,1DLecture 3,2CDLecture 3,3BLecture 3,4ALecture 3,5CLecture 3,6BConversation 4,1DConversation 4,2CConversation 4,3BDConversation 4,4ADConversation 4,5ALecture 5,1BLecture 5,2DLecture 5,3ADLecture 5,4Lecture 5,5Lecture 5,6TPO13conversation1,1conversation1,2conversation1,3conversation1,4conversation1,5pedestrian Lecture 2,1城市计划徒步的 mall Lecture 2,2城市计划Lecture 2,3城市计划Lecture 2,4城市计划Lecture 2,5城市计划Lecture 2,6城市计划Lecture 3,2 生态学Lecture 3,3 生态学Lecture 3,4 生态学Lecture 3,5 生态学Lecture 3,6 生态学conversatin 4,1conversatin 4,2conversatin 4,3TPO14conversation1,6conversation1,7conversation1,8conversation1,9conversation1,10pedestrian Lecture 2,7城市计划徒步的 mall Lecture 2,8城市计划Lecture 2,9城市计划Lecture 2,10城市计划Lecture 2,11城市计划Lecture 2,12城市计划Lecture 3,1 生态学Lecture 3,2 生态学Lecture 3,3 生态学Lecture 3,5 生态学Lecture 3,6 生态学conversatin 4,4conversatin 4,5conversatin 4,6TPO15conversation1,11conversation1,12conversation1,13conversation1,14conversation1,15pedestrian Lecture 2,13城市计划徒步的 mall Lecture 2,14城市计划Lecture 2,15城市计划Lecture 2,16城市计划Lecture 2,17城市计划Lecture 2,18城市计划Lecture 3,1 生态学Lecture 3,2 生态学Lecture 3,3 生态学Lecture 3,4 生态学Lecture 3,5 生态学Lecture 3,6 生态学conversatin 4,7conversatin 4,8conversatin 4,93. Art History3. Biology3. History (Egypt Calendar 3. European History3. Marine Biology3. Literature3. Biology3. Zoology(Biology)3. Marine Biology3. Archaeology3. History(Archaeology) 3. Astronomy3. Zoology(Biology)3. Botany(Bio)3. Archaeology3. Astronomy3. Marine Biology18(2),19(4),21(4),22(4) 19(3),20(4),21(3),22(3)24(4),26(3),30(3)29(3)主旨题细节题细节多选题细节题重听题主旨题目的题细节题细节题细节题重听题主旨题多选题细节题细节题细节题重听题主旨题细节题多选题多选题重听题主旨题细节题多选题CBABDCAADADAC CA D DA C AD CB A B DC A AD A D AD C CD DA C AD CB A B DC A AD A D AD C CA D DA C AD4. Biology4. Art History4. Biology4. Biology4. Art History4. Biology4. Art History4. Music History4. Choreography(Art)4. Astronomy4. Animal Behavior(Bio)4. Art Conservation4. Studio Art4. Archaeology4. Structural Engineering(Aeronautics) 4. Music History4. Anthropology23(4),24(2),25(2),26(4)23(3),24(1),25(1),25(4)材料一开头 说 女生要借书，looking for ths book问及书的去向时，管理员说书都在馆内，女生找不到的原因，一定是别人在看。
TPO听力按学科分类词汇
对话场景词汇：A：Office Hours 办公时间—Student & Professor 论文论文：thesis statement 论文陈述，中心句wander off topic [ˈwɔndə] [ɔ(:)f] [ˈtɔpik]v.跑题.look over a draft version 检查草拟版本catalog 目录draw up 得出结论疑难解答考试专业疑难解答：考试：re-take 重修选课与作业(见选课和注册办公室)：bird c ourse 轻松的课transfer 转系转专业enquiry [ɪn'kwaɪri]询问advisor’s approval [ə'pruvl]导师许可rigorous ['rɪɡərəs] adj. 严格的eligible ['ɛlɪdʒəbl] adj.合格的迟到或缺课：miss s omebody’s l ecture 缺课fill me in something 给我补课疑难解答：bulletin board ['bulitin]公告板school bulletin 学校公告栏rushing against the clock 忙碌check back 回顾记录; 再联系申请申请与志愿：scholarship/fellowship n.奖学金选课选课(见选课作业和注册办公室)：preparatory course [priˈpærətəri] [kɔ:s]n.预备课程：B：Service Encounter 服务咨询-- Student & Officer Library:图书馆reference room n.资料室the reference stacks [ˈrefərəns] [stæks]n.书库loan counter[ləun] [ˈkauntə] n.借书处loan period [ləun] [ˈpiəriəd] n.借书期限fine vt.罚款/n.罚金 charge =fee n.费用academics[ˌækəˈdemik]a.学术journal [ˈdʒə:nəl]n.期刊paperback n.平装本literature guide n.导读reference guide [ˈrefərəns] [gaid]n.参考指南published and unpublished data n.出版/未出版数据库precaution [prɪ'kɔʃən] n. 预防Bookstore：书店store c redit [stɔ:] [ˈkredit]n.商店退款；赊账购物retreat[riˈtri:t]n.退书Cafeteria：食堂restaurant /dining room[ˈdaɪnɪŋ][ru:m]n.餐厅deep f ried food [di:p] [fraid] [fu:d]n.油炸食物Registrar’s Office：注册办公室注册(见选课和考试选课作业)：field w ork [fild wɚk] /research [riˈsə:tʃ]n.实地研究academic record n. 学业成绩financial a id 助学金faculty advisor：指导老师生活指导facilities manager：后勤经理auditorium [ˌɔ:diˈtɔ:riəm]n.礼堂，会堂Counseling Center：咨询中心银行和工资counselor [ˈkaunsələ]n. 咨询员paycheck ['peitʃek]n. 薪水payroll [ˈpeirəul]n.工资单；薪水册Career Services Office:就业服务办公室实习与打工：intern n. 实习生career /job f air n.招聘会advancement =promotion [prəˈməuʃən]n.晋升Campus Activities.校园活动校内活动：off campus 校外commute [kə'mjʊt] v. 通勤flyers [ˈflaiəz]n.传单3 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)讲座学科词汇：讲座场景A-- Art 艺术Art 艺术美术：fine art[fain] [ɑ:t]n.美术academy [əˈkædəmi] n.学院；研究院studio[ˈstju:diəu] n.工作室；画室salon [səˈlɔn] n.沙龙，美术展览馆the Renaissance [ˌrɛnəˈzans] n.文艺复兴tribal a rt [ˈtraibəl][ɑ:t]n.部落艺术abstract a rt [ˈæbstrækt][ɑ:t]n.抽象派avant-garde[,ævɔŋ'ɡɑ:d] n.前卫派realism [ˈriəlizəm] n 现实主义impressionism [ɪmˈpreʃənɪz(ə)m] n.印象主义impressionistic style[ɪm,preʃə'nɪstɪk]印象派风格Dadaism. [ˈdɑːdəizəm] n.达达派，达达主义neoclassical [ˈniːəuklæsikəl] adj.新古典主义的realistic [riəˈlistik] adj.现实主义的minimalist ['mɪnɪm(ə)lɪst]n.简单抽象派艺术家precursor[prɪ'kɜːsə]n.先驱figurehead ['fɪgəhed] 名誉领袖critic['krɪtɪk] n.批评家amateur [‘æmətə] n. 业余艺术家oil painting 油画water c olor 水彩画engraving [ɪn'greɪvɪŋ;e n-] n.版画mural painting['mjʊər(ə)l] / fresco['freskəʊ]n.壁画cave art [keiv] [ɑ:t]n.洞穴壁画charcoal drawing ['tʃɑːkəʊl]木炭画sketch[sketʃ] n.速写/素描caricature ['kærɪkətjʊə; 'kærɪkətʃɔː] n.漫画animatorn.漫画家panorama [pænə'rɑːmə] n. 全景画sculpture [ˈskʌlptʃə]n.雕塑statue ['stætjuː;-tʃuː]n.塑像bust [bʌst] n.半身雕塑像sculptor n.雕塑家decoration [ˌdekəˈreiʃən]= adornment[əˈdɔ:nmənt] n.装饰品stained g lass [steɪnd `glæs ]n.彩色玻璃weaving[ˈwiː.vɪŋ] n.织动，编织mosaic [məuˈzei-ik] n.马赛克ceramics[siˈræmiks]n.制陶术，制陶业reproduction /r eplica [riːprə'dʌkʃ(ə)n]['replɪkə]复制品brushstroke [brʌʃ] [strəuk] n.一笔，绘画技巧texture [ˈtekstʃə] n.质地，纹理perspective [pə'spektɪv]透视画法brush[brʌʃ] n. 画笔drawing b oard 画板canvas [ˈkænvəs]n.画布，帆布indigo ['ɪndɪgəʊ] 靛蓝layer [‘leiə] n. 垫片，层framing['freɪmɪŋ] n.装框paste [peɪst] v.裱糊scene [si:n] n.景色nature s cene [ˈneitʃə] [si:n] n.场景，景色landscape[ˈlændskeip] n.风景posture [ˈpɔstʃə] n.姿势facial [ˈfeiʃəl] a dj. 面部的，表面的gesture [‘dʒestʃə] n.造型printing press [ˈprintiŋ][pres] n.印刷机lightproof [‘laitpru:f] adj.不透光image [‘imidʒ] n. 影像prehistory [ˈpriːhistəri] n.史前era [ˈiərə]n.时代；年代；纪元season [‘si:zən] n. 适合某种活动的季节,期间 rank [ræŋk]v.分等级appeal [ə’pi:l] v.对……有吸引力make a name [meik] [ə] [ˈneim]v.出名，成名clergy [ˈklə:dʒi] n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣Christian Church: [ˈkristʃən] [tʃə:tʃ] n.基督教教会monastery [ˈmɔnəstri] n.修道院；僧侣prayer book [ˈpreə] [buk] n.祈祷书knight [nait]n. 骑兵，骑士戏剧电影摄影：drama [‘drɑ:mə]n.戏剧dramaturge [‘dræmə’tə:dʒ] n.剧作家tragedy [‘trædʒidi] n.悲剧puppet s how [‘pʌpit-ʃəu] n.木偶剧script [skript] n.剧本early version [ˈə:li] [ˈvə:ʃən]n.早期版本 theatrical text[θi’ætrikəl-tekst] n.戏剧文本producer [prə’dju:sə] n. 制片人film [film]n.=movie [ˈmu:vi]n.=motion picture [ˈməuʃən] [ˈpiktʃə]n.电影production [prə’dʌkʃən] n.作品，成品，电影制片director [di’rektə] n.导演documentarist[ˏdɔkjʊˋmentərɪst] n.纪录片导演documentary [ˌdɔkjuˈmentəri]n.纪录片portray [pɔ:ˈtrei] vt.描绘，扮演cast [kɑ:st]v. 指定角色audition [ɔ:’diʃən] v. 在试演中评估某一人物 performer[pə’fɔ:mə] n.表演者acrobat [‘ækrəbæt] n.杂技演员juggler [‘dʒʌɡlə] n. 玩杂耍的人mime [maim] n. 滑稽演员，哑剧演员，丑角clown [klaun] n. 小丑puppeteer [pʌpi’tiə] n. 演木偶戏的人pantomime[‘pæntəmaim] n.哑剧表演minstrel [‘minstrəl] n. 诗歌演唱者 audience [ˈɔ:diəns]n.观众，听众，读者theater [ˈθiətə]n. =cinema [ˈsinimə] n.电影院scenery [‘si:nəri] n.舞台布景imitation [‘imi’teiʃən] n.道具costume [‘kɔstju:m] n.装束makeup [‘meikʌp] n.化妆品characteristic [ˌkæriktəˈristik] n.特征，特质 stereotype:[ˈsteriətaip] n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为hybrid[ˈhaibrid]n.混合；混血narration [nəˈreiʃən] n.叙事，讲述standard [ˈstændəd] n.标准framework [‘freimwə:k] n.结构photography [fəˈtɔgrəfi] n.摄影film [film] n. 胶片expose [iks’pəuz] v. 曝光，暴露exposure [iks’pəuʒə] n.曝光sensitized p aper [‘sensitaizd-'peipə] n. 感光纸emulsion [i’mʌlʃən] n. 感光乳剂high-tech [haɪˈtek] n.高科技equipment[iˈkwipmənt] n.设备processing [prəu’sesiŋ] n.处理 entertain [‘entə’tein] v.娱乐pioneer [ˌpaiəˈniə]n.先驱innovator [ˋɪnəʊveɪtə(r)] n.改革者inventor 发明家 mechanic[mɪ'kænɪk] 机械工proprietor[prə'praɪətə] 业主 feminist ['fɛmənɪst] 女权主义者humanitarian [hjʊ,mænɪ'teərɪən] 人道主义者apprentice [ə'prentɪs]学徒disciple[dɪ'saɪp(ə)l]n.学徒crew [kru:] n.全体人员mortal ['mɔːt(ə)l] 犯人renowned[riˈnaund]a dj. 著名的household adj.家庭的/家喻户晓的 classic adj.经典的traditional [trəˈdiʃənəl]adj.传统的immortal[ɪ'mɔːt(ə)l] adj.不朽的/神 unique adj.唯一的/独特的versatile ['vɜːsətaɪl] adj.（人）多才多艺的（物）多功能的innocent ['ɪnəs(ə)nt] adj.天真的/无罪的 romantic adj.浪漫的odd adj.怪诞的/奇数的erratic [ɪ'rætɪk] adj.奇怪的eccentric [ɪk'sentrɪk; e k-] a dj.古怪的weird adj.怪异的/不可思议的emotional adj.情绪的/情感的emotive adj.感人的sentimental[sentɪ'ment(ə)l] adj.感伤的/多愁善感的 cheerless adj.无精打采的/无生命力的clumsy['klʌmzɪ] adj.笨拙的rigid['rɪdʒɪd] adj.僵化的 spare[speə] adj.简朴的 zigzag ['zɪgzæg] adj.曲折的symbolic [sɪm'bɒlɪk] adj.象征性的contemplative[ˈkɔntempleitiv] adj.沉思的；冥想的sarcastic [sɑ:ˈkæstik,sɑr-] adj. 讽刺的authentic [ɔ:ˈθentik] adj.真正的，真实的；可信的accessible [əkˈsesəbəl] adj.易接近的；可进入的；可理解的daydream [ˈdeɪdriːm]n.白日梦nightmare [ˈnaitmeə] n.噩梦音乐：Musicfolk m usic 民间音乐hillbilly music ['hɪlbɪlɪ] 乡村音乐chamber m usic [ˈtʃeimbə] [ˈmju:zik] n.室内音乐symphony [ˈsimfəni] n. 交响乐Broadway musical: [ˈbrɔ:dwei] [ˈmju:zikəl]n.百老汇音乐剧musician [mju(:)ˈziʃən] n.音乐家composer [kəmˈpəuzə]n.作曲家；作家critic [ˈkritik]n.评论家；批评者choir [ˈkwaiə] n. 合唱队chorus [ˈkɔ:rəs] =choir[ˈkwaiə]n.合唱队noten.音符step [step] n.音级scale [skeil] n.音阶tone [təun] n.音调pitch [pitʃ] n.音高volume [‘vɔlju:m] n.音量 register [‘redʒistə] n.音域 solo ['səʊləʊ]独奏/独唱harmony n.和声chord[kɔːd] n.和弦melody [ˈmelədi] n. 旋律；歌曲 rhythm ['riðəm,'riθəm]n.节奏韵律rhythmic patterns ['riðmik - 'pætənz] n. 有节奏的模式notation [nəu’teiʃən] n.谱号 (musical notation: 音乐记谱) score [skɔ:] n.乐谱composition [‘kɔmpə’ziʃən] n.乐曲movement n. 乐章lullaby['lʌləbaɪ]催眠曲sonata [sə'nɑːtə]奏鸣曲 serenade[serə'neɪd] 小夜曲vocal music 声乐band music / wind music 管乐orchestra [ˈɔ:kistrə]n. 管弦乐队 conducting 指挥 podium['pəʊdɪəm] 指挥台accompaniment [ə'kʌmp(ə)nɪm(ə)nt] n.伴奏musical instrument 乐器string instrument [striŋ][ˈinstrumənt] n.弦乐器keyboard instrument 键盘乐器percussion instrument [pəˈkʌʃən] [ˈinstrumənt] n.打击乐器violin [ˌvaiəˈlin] n.小提琴；小提琴手viola [viˈəulə] n.中提琴，中提琴演奏者cello [ˈtʃeləʊ] n.大提琴fhorn 号；喇叭clarinet [klæriˈnet] n.单簧管；竖笛，黑管pound drum 击鼓formal [ˈfɔ:məl]adj.正式的improvisational [ˏɪmprəvaɪˋzeɪʃənəl]adj.即兴的fanatical [fə'nætikl] 狂热的建筑：Architecturearchitect [ˈɑ:kitekt] n.建筑师building technique 建筑工艺crafting n. 工艺；手工aesthetic [i:s’θetik] adj.美学的school [sku:l] n.学派guild [ɡild]n.协会 design 设计design element 设计元素nterior design [in’tiəriə-di'zain] n.室内设计construct [kən'strʌkt]n.结构compact s tructure [ˈkɔmpækt] [ˈstrʌktʃə] n.紧凑的结构component [kəm’pəunənt] n.零件，构件composing [kəm'pəuziŋ]n.组成tension [‘tenʃən] n.绷紧状态cube [kjuːb]n.立方体facade [fə’sɑ:d] n.（建筑物的）外立面，尤指正面alignment [ə’lainmənt] n.直线排列parallel [‘pærəlel] adj.平行的fine [fain] adj.（区别）微小的；细微的flat [flæt] a dj.扁平的immense [i’mens] adj.极大的molten [‘məultən] adj.熔化的；熔融的archives['a:kaivz]档案馆 planetarium[,plænɪ'teərɪəm] 天文馆aquarium [ə'kweərɪəm]水族馆skyscraper [‘skai’skreipə] n.摩天大楼office b uilding 写字楼cabin['kæbɪn]n. 小木屋cathedral[kə'θiːdr(ə)l] n.大教堂mosque[mɒsk] 清真寺7 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版) castle ['kɑːs(ə)l]n.城堡 Gothic [‘ɡɔθik] adj.哥特式的10 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)pyramid 金字塔the statue of l iberty 自由女神像the triumphal arch[ɑːtʃ]凯旋门celebrated [‘selibreitid] adj.著名的roof [ru:f] n.屋顶dome [dəum] n.穹顶 arch [ɑ:tʃ] n.拱（连柱的）ceiling [‘si:liŋ] n.天花板marble slab ['mɑːbl-slæb] n.大理石板skeleton [‘skelitn]n.框架结构整体框架steel girder [sti:l][ˈgə:də] n.钢梁metal-frame 金属结构mat [mæt] n.垫子pedestal ['pedistəl] n. 基架，基座doorway [‘dɔ:wei] n.门口corridor [‘kɔridɔ:] n.走廊staircase [‘stɛəkeis] n.楼梯electric elevator [i’lektrik - ‘eliveitə] n.电梯dwelling [‘dwelɪŋ] n.住处，居住空间fountain [‘fauntin]n.喷泉lamp [læmp] n.灯chimney [‘tʃimni] n.烟囱drainer [‘dreinə] n.下水道装置,滤水器sewer [sjuə] n.排水沟pipeline [‘paiplain] n.管道，输送管道canal [kə’næl]n.运河timber [‘timbə] n.木材splint [splint] n.薄木条lime [laim] n.石灰 plaster [‘plɑ:stə] n.石膏mortar [‘mɔ:tə] n.砂浆, 灰浆tile [tail] n.饰面砖，瓷砖fiber [‘faibə] n.纤维hemp [hemp] n.大麻纤维new m aterial 新材料prototype['prəʊtətaɪp] n.原型 portrait [‘pɔ:trit] n.肖像sphinx[sfɪŋks] n.狮身人面像sculpt [skʌlpt] v.雕刻pastel [pæs’tel] n.彩色蜡笔画 parchment [‘pɑ:tʃmənt] n.羊皮纸decoration [ˌdekəˈreiʃən]= adornment[əˈdɔ:nmənt] n.装饰品pour [pɔ:] v.浇注erect [i’rekt] v.竖立，建立hammer [‘hæmə] v.锤打imold [məuld] v.塑造cohere [kəu’hiə] v.粘合converge [kən’və:dʒ] v.聚合于，集中于一点span [spæn] v.（桥、拱等）横跨fabric w eaving [‘fæbrik- 'wiːviŋ]n.纺织，编织城市规划：City Planninglayout [ˈleiaut]n.布局downtown [ˈdaunˈtaun]n.市中心 suburb [ˈsʌbə:b] n.郊外country =rural area[ˈkʌntri]= [ˈruərəl] [ˈɛəriə]n.农村residential a rea[ˌreziˈdenʃəl] [ˈɛəriə]n. 住宅区local resident[ˈləukəl] [ˈrezidənt] n.当地居民dweller [ˈdwelə]n.居民inhabitant [inˈhæbitənt]n.居民sidewalk[ˈsaidwɔ:k]n.人行道pedestrian mall [piˈdestriən] [mɔ:l] n.步行街off-limits[ˌɒfˈlɪm.ɪts]n.禁区，禁止进入transportation hub [ˌtrænspə:ˈteiʃən] [hʌb]n.中转港bus terminal [bʌs] [ˈtə:minəl]n.公车终点站facilitate [fə’siliteit] v.提供便利privately owned [‘praivitli-əund] adj.私有的publicly owned [‘pʌblikli:-əund] adj.公有的public utility [‘pʌblik-ju’tiliti] n.公用事业vehicle [‘vi:ikl] n.交通工具parking area/lot[ˈpɑːkiŋ][ˈɛəriə]/ [lɔt]=car park [kɑ:] [pɑ:k] =stopping place [ˈstɔpiŋ] [pleis]n.停车场automobile [ˈɔ:təməubi:l]=car [kɑ:]=vehicle [ˈvi:ikəl]n. 汽车subway station [ˈsʌbwei] [ˈsteiʃən]=underground[ˌʌndəˈgraund]n.地铁10 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)文学：Literature creategenre [ˈʒɔnrə]n.文体fairy tale[ˈfeə.ri.teɪl]n.童话；神话folk t ale [fəulk] [teil]n.民间故事mythology [miˈθɔlədʒi] n.神话；神话学；神话集allegory [ˈæliɡəri] n.寓言legend [ˈledʒənd] n.传说novel [ˈnɔvəl]=fiction [ˈfikʃən]n.小说science fiction[ˈsaiəns] [ˈfikʃən]n.科幻小说11 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)prose n.= e ssay [ˈesei]n.散文descriptive prose [dɪ'skrɪptɪv] 描写性散文narrative prose ['nærətɪv] 叙述性散文poetry [ˈpəuitri]=poem[ˈpəuim]n.诗歌autobiography[ɔːtəbaɪ'ɒgrəfɪ] n. 人物传记character sketch [ˈkæriktə] [sketʃ]n.素描，人物速写”lyrics [ˈliriks]n.抒情诗ballad ['bæləd]民谣 proverb ['prɒvɜːb]谚语editorial [ˌediˈtɔ:riəl] n. 社论type [taip]n.类型style [stail]n.风格works[wə:ks]n.作品author [ˈɔ:θə]n.作者story tellers [ˈstɔːriˌtelə] n.说故事的人satirist ['sætərɪst]讽刺作家biographer [baɪ'ɒɡrəfə] 自传作家imagist ['imidʒist] 意象派诗人troubadour [ˈtruːbəduə] n.行吟诗人literacy [ˈlitərəsi] n.读写能力；精通文学 literary criticism 文学批评literary s tudies 文学研究comment [ˈkɔment]n.评论schools o f l iterature 文学流派realism['rɪəlɪz(ə)m] 现实主义surrealism [sə'rɪəlɪz(ə)m] 超现实主义modernism['mɒd(ə)nɪz(ə)m]现代主义aestheticism[iːs'θetɪsɪz(ə)m; es-]唯美主义character[ˈkæriktə]n. 人物,角色，性格leading character 主人公major/main character[ ˈ meid ʒə ]/ [mein] [ ˈ kærikt ə]=round c haracter[raund] [ˈkæriktə]n.主角minor characters[ ˈmain ə][ ˈkæriktə]=flat character[flæt] [ˈkæriktə] n.配角characters’personalities[ˈkæriktəs] [ˌpə:səˈnæliti]n.人物个性people’s trait [ˈpi:plz][treit]n.人物特质 model n.人物原型stereotype: [ˈsteriətaip] n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为background [ˈbækgraund]n.背景setting [ˈsetiŋ]n.场景 prelude ['preljuːd]序曲 prologue['prəʊlɒg]n.序言main p lot [plɔt]n 主要情节obligatory scene[əˈbligəˌtəri] [si:n]n.必须的情节incident [ˈinsidənt]n.事件.ending[ˈendiŋ]= denouement [deiˈnu:mɑŋ] n.结局quotation [kwəuˈteiʃən]n.引用语fortune[ˈfɔ:tʃənət]n.命运，运气servant [ˈsə:vənt]n.仆人master [ˈmɑ:stə]n.主人 royalty [ˈrɔiəlti]n.皇室 prince [ˈprins]n.王子 princess [ˌprinˈses]n.公主 knight[nait]n.骑兵，骑士chivalry [ˈʃivəlri] n.侠气，骑士精神clergy [ˈklə:dʒi] n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣religion [riˈlidʒən] n.宗教；宗教信仰Christian Church: [ˈkristʃən] [tʃə:tʃ] n.基督教教会museum [mju(:)ˈziəm]n.博物馆entertainment[ˌe ntəˈteinm ən t]=recreation [ ˌr ekri ˈeiʃən]=amusement [əˈmju:zmənt]n.娱乐formula [ˈfɔ:mjulə]n.准则，公式universal truth[ˌju:niˈvə:səl] [tru:θ]n.真理the inciting [ðə][inˈsait iŋ]n.刺激logical [ˈlɔdʒikəl]adj.合乎逻辑的 appreciate [əˈpri:ʃieit]vt.欣赏戏剧（见艺术电影摄影）：drama[ˈdrɑ:mə]=theater[ˈθiətə]=play [plei]n.戏剧opera [ˈɔpərə]n.歌剧well-made play[wel] [meid] [plei]n.佳构剧 comedy[ˈkɔmidi]n.喜剧portray[pɔ:ˈtrei]vt.描绘舞蹈：Danceballet[bæˈleɪ]n.芭蕾舞toeshoe [ˋtəʊʃuː] n.芭蕾舞鞋choreography [ˌkɔriˈɔgrəfi]n.编舞 choreographer[,kɔri'ɔɡrəfə] 舞蹈编排家12 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)讲座场景B-- S ocial S cience 社会科学考古：ArchaeologyStone Age 石器时代Paleolithic [,pælɪəʊ'lɪθɪk]旧石器时代的the Paleolithic period/age [ðə] [ˌpæliəuˈliθik] [ˈpiəriəd]/ [eidʒ]= the Old/late Stone Age [ðə] [əuld]/ [leit] [stəun] [eidʒ]n.旧石器时代Mesolithic [ˌmɛsəʊˈlɪθɪk]中石器时代的 Neolithic[ˌniːəʊˈlɪθɪk]新石器时代的the Neolithic period/age [ðə] [ˌni:əuˈliθik][ˈpiəriəd]/ [eidʒ]=New stone age [nju:] [stəun] [eidʒ]n.新石器时代Bronze Age [brɒnz]（青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代primitive [ˈprimitiv]n.原始人，adj 原始的ancestor[ˈænsɛstə]祖先cave m an 山顶洞人nomad [ˈnəumæd]n.游牧民 clan [klæn]氏族tribe [traɪb]部落alliance [əˈlaiəns]=federation [ˌfedəˈreiʃən]n.联盟homogeneous [ˌhəʊməˈdʒiːnɪəs ˌhɒm-]同一种族（种类）的archeologist [,ɑ:ki'ɔlədʒist]考古学家antiquity [ænˈtɪkwɪtɪ]古代，古老ancient civilization [,sɪvələ'zeʃən]古代文明grave= t omb [greiv]= [tu:m]n.坟墓ruins [ˈruːɪn]遗迹，废墟 remains [rɪ'meɪnz]遗产/遗骸 skull [skʌl]颅骨cranial ['kreɪnɪəl]颅骨的historicalrelic [hisˈtɔrikəl] [ˈrelik]n.遗迹 cultural relics ['rɛliks]文物relic [ˈrɛlɪk]遗物，文物antique [æn'tiːk]古物/古董artifact [ˈɑːtɪˌfækt]手工艺品utensil [ju:ˈtensəl]n.餐具，炊具cooking container [ˈkukiŋ] [kənˈteinə]n.容器canoe [kəˈnu:]独木舟obsidian [ɔbˈsidiən]n.黑曜石covert ['kʌvət]n. 隐藏处shelter [ˈʃeltə] n.庇护所 religion [riˈlidʒən]n.宗教ritual [‘ritʃuəl] n.（宗教）仪式originate [əˈrɪdʒɪˌneɪt]起源于inhabit [inˈhæbit]vt.居住于bury[ˈberi]v.埋葬excavate / unearth v.挖掘 excavation [ˌekskəˈveiʃən]n.挖掘历史：Historyera [ˈiərə]n.时代；年代；纪元 prehistory[ˈpriːhistəri] n.史前ancient Rome/Greek [ˈeinʃənt] [rəum]/ [gri:k]n. 古罗马/希腊medieval [,medi'i:vəl,]adj. 中世纪Europe[ˈjuərəp] n.欧洲Britain [ˈbritən]n.英国Italy [ˈitəli] n. 意大利Rome(Roma) [rəum] n. 罗马 Greek [gri:k] n. 希腊Egypt [ˈi:dʒipt] n.埃及France [ˈfræns] n.法国Germany [ˈdʒə:məni] n.德国 Spain [spein] n.西班牙Turkey[ˈtə:ki] n.土耳其（Turkish）Netherlands[ˈneðələndz] =Holland [ˈhɔlənd] n. 荷兰（Dutch 荷兰人）Canada [ˈkænədə] n.加拿大（Canadian [kəˈneidiən] n. 加拿大人）Mount Rushmore 拉什莫尔山（位于美国南达科他州）总统山；13 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)人类学：Anthropologyanthropologist [ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪst]人类学家ecological anthropologist [ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]生态人类学家paleoanthropologist [ˌpælɪəʊˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪ]古人类学家14 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)psychological anthropologist [ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]心理人类学家Native American [ˈneitiv][əˈmerikən]n. 美洲原住民，印第安人patriarchal [,peitri'ɑ:kəl]adj.家长的/族长的哲学：Philosophyphilosophy [fi'lɔsəfi,fə-]n. 哲学；哲理；人生观Aristotle’s ethical theory [ˈæristɔtlz] [ˈeθikəl] [ˈθiəri]n.伦理学Ancient Greek philosopher [ˈeinʃənt] [gri:k] [fiˈlɔsəfə]n.古希腊哲学家Socrates[ˈsɔkrəti:z]苏格拉底；Plato [ˈpleitəu]柏拉图；Aristotle [ˈæristɔtl]亚里士多德ideology [ˌaɪdɪˈɒlədʒɪ]意识形态intellect ['intəlekt]n. 智力，理解力；知识分子；思维逻辑领悟力；智力高的happiness [ˈhæpinis]n.幸福fame [feim]n. 名声，名望external [ik'stə:nəl]adj. 外部的；表面的optimism ['ɔptimizəm] n. 乐观；乐观主义心理学：Psychologybaby[ˈbeibi]=infant[ˈinfənt]=nursling [ˈnəːsliŋ]n.婴儿kid [kid]n.儿童teenager [ˈti:neidʒə]n.十三至十九岁的人young people [jʌŋ] [ˈpi:pl]n.年轻人adult [əˈdʌlt]n.成年人old people [əuld] [ˈpi:pl]=the aged[ ði:] [eidʒd]=elderly people [ˈeldəli] [ˈpi:pl]=senior c itizens [ˈsi:niə] [ˈsitizənz]老年人 mature[məˈtjuə]vt.使成熟majority [məˈdʒɒrɪtɪ]n.多数人 minority [maɪˈnɒrɪtɪmɪ-]n.少数人 conformity [kənˈfɔːmɪtɪ]n.从众individual [ˌindiˈvidʒuəl]n. 个体，个人self-reliance [‘self-ri’lains] n. 依靠自己，自立participate [pɑ:’tisipeit] v.参与behaviorism [bɪˈheɪvɪərɪz(ə)m]n.行为主义 psychoanalysis [ˌsaikəuəˈnælisis]n.精神分析egocentric [ˌi:gəuˈsentrik]adj.自我中心的；利己主义的mental p rocesses: [ˈmentl][ˈprəuses]n.心理历程mental [ˈmentl]心理的founder [ˈfaundə]n.创始人Archimedes [ˌɑːkiˈmiːdiːz]n.阿基米德mental p rocess[ˈmentl][ˈprəuses]n.思维过程thought[θɔ:t]n.思想，想法cognition [kɔɡˈniʃən]n.认识cognitive c apacity [ˈkɔgnitiv] [kəˈpæsiti]n.认知能力ideomotor action[ˌaidiəˈməutə] [ˈækʃən]n.意识，观念运动motivation [,məuti'veiʃən]n. 动机；积极性；推动intention [in’tenʃən] n.意图，目的intuitive [inˈtju:itiv]adj.直觉的hypotheses[haiˈpɔθisis]n.假定；臆测conscience[ˈkɔnʃəns]n.道德心，良心 virtuous['və:tʃuəs]adj. 善良的；有道德的curiosity [ˌkjuəriˈɔsiti]n.好奇心15 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版) generous [ˈdʒenərəs]adj.慷慨的，大方identity[aiˈdentiti]n.身份；同一性fame [feim]n.名声，名望spiritual [ˈspɪrɪtjʊəl]心灵的soul [səul]n. 灵魂；心灵physical [ˈfɪzɪkəl]身体的，物质的，物理的behavior[bi'heivjə]n. 行为，举止；habit[ˈhæbit]n.习惯muscle [ˈmʌsəl]n.肌肉sign language[sain] [ˈlæŋgwidʒ]n.手语，符号语音throat[θrəut]n.喉咙，嗓子laryngeal [ læˈrindʒiəl]adj.喉部larynx [ˈlæriŋks]=v oice b ox [vɔis] [bɔks]喉头subjective [səbˈdʒektiv]adj.主观的objective [ɔbˈdʒektiv]adj.客观的positive/negative electrode [ˈpɔzətiv]/ [ˈnegətiv] [ɪˈlektrəʊd]正/负电极maze [meiz]= labyrinth [ˈlæbərinθ]n.迷宫questionnaire[ˌkwestʃəˈneə]n.问卷 subject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt]n.受实验对象disadvantage [ˌdisədˈvɑ:ntidʒ]n.缺点obsession [əbˈseʃən]n.困扰deaf [def]adj. 聋的blind[blaind]adj.盲abnormal [æbˈnɔ:məl]adj.反常的distracted [diˈstrækt]adj.心烦意乱的child a mnesia[tʃaild] [æmˈni:ziə] n儿童健忘症，记忆缺失语言学：linguistics [liŋˈgwistiks].语言学Proto-Indo-European: [prəʊ.təʊ-] [ˈɪndəʊ] [juərəˈpi:ən]n.原始印欧语grammar [ˈgræmə]n.语法16 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版) verb[və:b]v.动词 noun [naun]n.名词adjective [ˈædʒiktiv]n.形容词经济学 Economics 商业 Businessmerchant[ˈmə:tʃənt]n.商人adman [ˈædmæn]n.广告人bidder [ˈbidə]n.投标者client [ˈklaiənt]n.客户potential customer [pəˈtenʃəl] [ˈkʌstəmə]n.潜在客户skilled labor [skild][ˈleibə]n.熟练工人business owner=employer [ˈbiznis][ˈəunə] = [imˈplɔiə]老板business conference [ˈbiznis][ˈkɔnfərəns] =seminar[ˈseminɑ:]n.会议industrial revolution [inˈdʌstriəl] [ˌrevəˈlu:ʃən]n.工业革命，产业革命industry [ˈindəstri]n.产业，工业 infrastructure[ˈinfrəˌstrʌktʃə]n.基础设施industry c luster: [ˈindəstri] [ˈklʌstə]n.产业集群alliance[əˈlaiəns]=federation [ˌfedəˈreiʃən]n.联盟collaborate [kəˈlæbəreit]vi.合作；协作 urbanization[ˌəːbənaiˈzeiʃən]n.都市化prosper[ˈprɔspə]vi.繁荣flourish ['flauriʃ]n. 兴旺；茂盛affluence['æflʊəns]n.富裕，富足poverty [ˈpɔvəti]n.贫困boom and bust [bu:m] [ænd] [bʌst] 繁荣与萧条collapse[kəˈlæps]n./vt.崩溃out o f b usiness 歇业，破产outofwork [aut] [əv, ə, ɔv] [wə:k]n.失业Great Depression [greit] [diˈpreʃən]n.大萧条dotcom crash [ðə][dɒtˈkɒm] [kræʃ]n.互联网泡沫tulip mania[ˈtju:lip][ˈmeiniə]n.狂热irrational [iˈræʃənəl]adj.不理性的sophisticated [sə'fɪstɪkeɪtɪd]adj.世故的，老练的；复杂的，尖端的speculation [ˌspekjuˈleiʃən]n.投机conflict[kən'flikt,'kɔnflikt]n.冲突variation[ˌveəriˈeiʃən]n.变种panic [ˈpænik]n.恐慌consumerism[kən'sjuːmərɪz(ə)m]n.消费主义gardening=horticulture [ˈɡɑːdnɪŋ]=[ˈhɔ:tiˌkʌltʃə]n.园艺remote mountainous region[riˈməut] [ˈmauntinəs] [ˈri:dʒən]n.偏远山区brand=trademark [brænd]= [ˈtreidmɑ:k]n.品牌，商标product[ˈprɔdʌkt]n.产品commodity [kəˈmɔditi]n.商品luxury[ˈlʌkʃəri]n.奢侈品specimen [ˈspesəmən]n.样本service[ˈsə:vis]n.服务17 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)native to [ˈneitiv][tu]原产至hail f rom[heil] [frɔm]来自于，出产于retail [ˈri:teil,riˈteil]n.v.零售promissory note [ˈprɔmisəri][nəut]n.本票revenue[ˈrevinju:]=income[ˈinkʌm]n.收入disposable income [di'spəuzəbl] [ˈinkʌm] -money [ˈmʌni]n.可支配收入per capita [pəˈkæpɪtə]人均 subsistence level 收支平衡的生活水平subsistence [səb'sɪst(ə)ns]n.存活，生活 annual budget[ˈænjuəl] [ˈbʌdʒit]n.年度预算borrowing[ˈbɔrəuiŋ]n.借款bank loan [bæŋk] [ləʊn]银行贷款 interest ['intrist, 'intər-]利息check [tʃek]支票；收据；账单cost [kɔst]n.成本rent [rent] n.租金 tax [tæks]n.税金 profit [ˈprɔfit]n.利润withdraw [wɪð'drɔː]从银行账户中提款annual budget [ˈænjuəl] [ˈbʌdʒit]n.年度预算tax incentive[tæks] [inˈsentiv]n.税收优惠federal subsidy[ˈfedərəl] [ˈsʌbsidi]=financial assistance[fəˈnænʃəl] [əˈsistəns]n.财政资助//补贴foundation [faunˈdeiʃən]=fund [fʌnd]n.基金会the National Endowment for the Artsfoundation[ðə][ˈnæʃən(ə)l] [inˈdaumənt] [fə] [ðə] [ɑːts]n.美国艺术基金会gold [gəuld]n.金子（区：goal 目标）monetary[ˈmʌnitəri]adj.货币的，财政的commercial [kəˈmə:ʃəl]adj.商业的；营利的 guarantee [ˌgærənˈti:]v.担保mortgage [ˈmɔ:gidʒ]n./vt.抵押auction [ˈɔ:kʃən]n./vt.拍卖patron [ˈpeitrən]=sponsor [ˈspɔnsə]n.赞助人patronage[ˈpætrənɪdʒ]n.资助，赞助mass communications [mæs] [kəˌmju:niˈkeiʃənz]大众传播工具media [ˈmi:diə]=communication[kəˌmju:niˈkeiʃən]n.媒体advertisement [ədˈvə:tismənt]n.广告advertising plan [ˈædvətaiziŋ][plæn]n.广告策划billboard [ˈbilbɔːd]n.公告牌slogan [ˈsləugən]n.标语；呐喊声target age group [ˈtɑ:git][eidʒ] [gru:p]n.目标年龄群market r esearch/survey [ˈmɑ:kit][riˈsə:tʃ]/ [ˈsə:vei]市场调查statistics [stə’tistiks] n.统计学社会学：Sociologymeme[mi:m]n.文化基因 longevity[lɔnˈdʒeviti]n.寿命fecundity[fiˋkʌndətɪ]n.繁殖力，复制能力fidelity [fiˈdeliti]n.保真度，精准accuracy ['ækjurəsi]n. [数] 精确度，准确性calendar ['kælində]n. 日历；[天] 历法；Jupiter ['dʒu:pitə]n. [天] 木星；朱庇特（罗马神话中的宙斯神）monumental [,mɔnju'mentəl]adj. 不朽的；纪念碑的；非常的enormous [i'nɔ:məs]adj. 庞大的，巨大的；凶暴的，极恶的政治类：PoliticsAmerican Revolution 美国革命/独立战争Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战the S econd W orld W ar 第二次世界大战military [ˈmɪlɪtərɪ-trɪ]adj.军事的warrior ['wɔriə,'wɔ:-]n. 战士fifty states 55 个州federal system [ˈfɛdərəl]联邦制Congress [ˈkɒŋgrɛs]美国国会Senate [ˈsɛnɪt]参议院Democrats [ˈdɛməˌkræt]民主党Republicans [rɪˈpʌblɪkən]共和党 election [ɪˈlɛkʃən]选举vote [vəʊt]投票 veto [ˈviːtəʊ]否决council[ˈkaunsəl]n.委员会legislation [ˌlɛdʒɪsˈleɪʃən]立法constitution [ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃən]宪法justice ['dʒʌstis]n. 司法，法律制裁diplomat[ˈdipləmæt]n.外交官bureaucracy [bjuˈrɔkrəsi]n.官僚主义 anarchism [ˈænəˌkɪzəm]n.无政府主义centralized ['sentrəlaizd]adj.中央集权的radical[ˈrædɪkəl]adj.激进的,根本的patriotic [,pætri'ɔtik]adj. 爱国的inspire [in'spaiə]vt. 激发；鼓舞； release [rɪˈliːs]v.释放colonize [ˈkɒləˌnaɪz]v.拓殖，殖民immigrant [ˈɪmɪgrənt]n.移民social status [‘səuʃəl-’steitəs] n.社会地位讲座场景 C—Life Science 生命科学动物学：biology[baɪ'ɑlədʒi]生物学 speciology [ˌspi:ʃi'ɔlədʒi]n. 物种学zoology [zəuˈɔlədʒi]n.动物学microbiology[,maɪkrobaɪ'ɑlədʒi]微生物学 marine biology 海洋生物学entomology [ˌentəˈmɔlədʒi]n. 昆虫学ornithology[,ɔrnɪ'θɑlədʒi] n.鸟类学cell biology [sel-bai’ɔlədʒi] n.细胞生物学biochemist [‘baiəu’kemist] n.生物化学家 paleontologist[‘peiliɔn’tɔlədʒist] n.古生物学者creature [ˈkri:tʃə] n.生物organism[ˈɔ:gənizəm]n.有机物，微生物microbe['maɪkrob]微生物plankton['plæŋktən]浮游生物invertebrate [in’və:tibrət] n.无脊椎动物vertebrate[ˈvə:təbrɪt, -ˌbret]脊椎动物amphibian[æmˈfibiən]n.两栖动物reptile [ˈreptail]n.爬行动物herbivore ['hə:biˌvɔ:]n. 食草动物 herbivorous:[hə:ˈbivərəs]a.食草的，草食的carnivore['kɑrnɪvɔr]食肉动物omnivorous [amˈnivərəs]a.杂食的 ruminant [ˈru:minənt]n.反刍动物mollusk [‘mɔləsk] n.软体动物land creature [lænd] [ˈkri:tʃə]陆地生物cold [kəuld] b lood a nimal [blʌd] [ˈæniməl]n.冷血动物warm[wɔ:m] blood animal [blʌd] [ˈæniməl]n.热血动物mammal ['mæməl]n. [脊椎] 哺乳动物primates [ˈpraɪmɪts]灵长目动物endangered species 濒危动物species[ˈspi:ʃi:z]n.物种breed[bri:d]n.品种monogamous 一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polyandrous[,pɑlɪ'ændrəs]一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的polygamous[pə'lɪgəməs]一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的community [kəˈmjunɪti]动物的群落或人的部落flock[flɑk]（牛、羊等）群herd [hɝd]兽群hordes/swarms [hɔrd]/[swɔrm]（昆虫等）群生理生化：respiratory system [ris’paiərətəri-'sistəm] n.呼吸系统digestive system 消化系统nerve s ystem [nə:v] n.神经系统 circulatory['sɝkjələtɔri]system 循环系统 hormonal[hɔr'monl] system 内分泌系统reproductive system 生殖系统、urinary system 泌尿系统immune system [iˈmju:n][ˈsistəm]n.免疫系统motor system n.运动系统20 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版) breed [brid] (名词)品种，（动词）繁殖 multiply /reproduce['mʌltɪplaɪ]/[,riprə'dus]繁殖offspring [ˈɔfˌspriŋ]n.后代crossbreed ['krɔ:sbri:d] v.（使）杂交sperm [spə:m]n.精子spawn[spɔn]（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵fertilizer[ˈfɚtlˌaɪzɚ]使…受精 n.肥料unfertilizedegg[ʌn'fɜːtɪlaɪzd]未受精卵fertilized e gg [‘fə:tilaizd-eg] n.受精卵pregnant [ˈpregnənt]a. 怀孕的embryo [‘embriəu] n.胚胎hatchling ['hætʃliŋ]n.刚孵化的幼体incubation[,ɪŋkju'beʃən]孵化fledglings[ˈfledʒliŋ]n.雏鸟cell [sel] n. 细胞.蜂房cytoplasm [‘saitəplæzəm] n.细胞质cell membrane [sel-'mem’brein] n.细胞膜cell wall [sel-wɔːl]n.细胞壁nucleus [‘nju:kliəs] n.细胞核organelle [ɔ:ɡə’nel] n.细胞器skin c ells [skin] [selz]n.皮肤细胞nerve cells [nə:v] [selz]n.神经细胞unicellular [‘ju:ni’seljulə]adj.单细胞的multicellular [‘mʌlti’seljulə] adj.多细胞的renewing [ri'nju:iŋ]n.更新metabolism [məˈtæbəlizəm]n.新陈代谢hormone[ˈhɔ:məun]n.激素，荷尔蒙insulin [‘insjulin] n.胰岛素secretion [siˈkri:ʃən]n.分泌，分泌物anatomy [ə’nætəmi] n.人体解剖organ [ˈɔ:gən]n. 器官vestige [ˈvɛstɪdʒ]n.退化器官liver [‘livə] n.肝脏lung [lʌŋ] n.肺kidney [‘kidni]n.肾stomach['stʌmək]n.胃pancreas['pæŋkrɪəs]n.胰tissue [ˈtiʃu:, -sju:]n.组织vessel [‘vesəl] n.血管tendon[‘tendən] n.腱 membrane [‘membrein] n.膜gland [ɡlænd]n.腺digestive gland[ɡlænd]消化腺digestive enzyme 消化酶tentacle [‘tentəkl] n. 触角，触须jaw [dʒɔ:] n.颌, 颚tongue [tʌŋ]n.舌头valve [vælv] n.瓣膜21 / 29TPO 听力学科词汇分类(新版)skeletal ['skelitəl]adj. 骨骼的vertebra [‘və:tibrə] n. 脊椎骨= s pinal ['spaɪnl]cord 脊椎rib [rib] n.肋骨fingerprint ['fiŋgəˌprint]n.指纹nail [neil] n.指甲division [di’viʒən] n.部分beak [bi:k] n.喙，（鹰等的）嘴 bill [bɪl]（鸟）嘴tooth [tu:θ] -teeth[ti:θ]n.牙齿toothless [ˈtuθlɪs] a dj. 无齿的compound eye [kəmˈpaund] [ai]n.复眼fin [fin] n.鱼鳍scale [skeil] n.鱼鳞forelimb [‘fɔ:lim] n.前肢limb [lim]n. 肢，臂；分支 wing [wiŋ]n.翅膀feather [ˈfeðə] n. 羽毛tail [teil] n.尾卫生与疾病：hygiene['haɪdʒin]卫生hygienic [hai’dʒi:nik] adj.卫生学的（hygiene [‘haidʒi:n] 卫生学）sanitation[,sænɪ'teʃən]公共卫生；卫生设施disease [di’zi:z] n.疾病diagnose [‘daiəɡnəuz] v.诊断drug [drʌɡ] n.药物medicine [‘medisin] n.医学，药dental c linic 牙医诊所surgeon ['sɜːdʒ(ə)n] n.外科医生virus [‘vaiərəs] n.病毒fungi [‘fʌndʒai] n.真菌类yeast[jist]酵母（菌） parasite ['pærəsaɪt]寄生虫parasitic [ˌpærəˈsitik]a. 寄生的，寄生虫的inflection 传染 / 感染paralysis [pə’rælisis]n.麻痹, 瘫痪 cardiac [‘kɑ:diæk] adj.心脏(病)的antibiotic [ˌæntibaiˈɔtik]n.抗生素antibody [‘ænti’bɔdi] n.抗体 vaccine [‘væksi:n] n.疫苗fungicide [‘fʌndʒisaid] n.杀真菌剂营养学：nutrient [‘nju:triənt] n. 营养物质calorie [ˈkæləri]卡路里（热量单位）protein [‘prəuti:n] n.蛋白质starch 淀粉glucose [‘ɡlu:kəus] n.葡萄糖carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物（淀粉）vitamin[ˈvitəmin, v ai-]n.维生素，维他命malnutrition[ˌmælnjuˈtriʃən]n.营养不良，营养不足 decaffeinated [di:'kæfineitid]adj. 不含咖啡因toxic [‘tɔksik] a dj.有毒的toxin 毒素植物学：botany 植物学botanical /b otanic 植物学的 botanist [‘bɔtənist] n.植物学家herb [hə:b]n.草本植物parasite plant['ɔrɡən]寄生植物aquatic['ænjuəl] plant 水生植物horticulture [ˈhɔrtɪˌkʌltʃɚ]园艺学system 系统forest [‘fɔrist] n.森林jungle [ˈdʒʌŋgəl]n.热带丛林tropical rain forest [‘trɔpikl-rein-’fɔrist] n.热带雨林 Tropicalsavanna forest [‘trɔpikl-sə’vænə-’fɔrist]n.热带稀树草原deciduous forest [di’sidʒuəs-’fɔrist] n.落叶林Deciduousmonsoon forest [di’sidʒuəs-mɔn’su:n-’fɔrist]n.落叶季雨林Temperate rain forest [‘tempərit-rein-’fɔrist]n.温带雨林Temperate evergreen forest [‘tempərit-’evəɡri:n-’fɔrist]n.温带绿叶林。
托福听力学科分类
托福听力学科分类在〔托福〕听力考试中，题目都是在各种的场景下发生的，我们掌握一些常用的词回事非常重要的下面是我为大家整理的关于托福听力学科分类的相关资料，希望帮到大家。
托福听力学科分类-音乐：classical music 古典音乐folk music 民间音乐country music 乡村音乐light music 轻音乐traditional music 传统音乐pop music 流行音乐rock and roll 摇滚乐dance music 舞曲jazz 爵士乐campus song 校园歌曲art song 艺术歌曲lyric 歌词Peking Opera 京剧music hall 音乐会concert tour 巡回演唱会melody 旋律composer 作曲家singing idol 歌星偶像piano 钢琴violin 小提琴guitar 吉他accordion 手风琴erhu 二胡pipa 琵琶flute 笛子waist drum 腰鼓托福听力学科分类-科目：acoustics(声学)，the scientific study of sound;aeronautics(航空学，航空术)，the science of designing and flying airplanes;aesthetics，esthetics(美学，审美学)，the study of beauty, especially beauty in art;dietetics(营养学)，the science that is concerned with what people eat and drink and how this affects their health;genetics(遗传学)，the study of how the qualities of living things are affected and passed on by genes;linguistics(语言学)，the study of language in general and of particular languages, their structure, grammar, and history;logistics(后勤学)，the study or skill of moving soldiers, supplying them with food etc.;orthodontics(畸齿矫正术，正齿学)，the practice or skill of making teeth move into the right position when they have not been growing correctly。
托福听力学科分类(完全修正版)(可编辑修改word版)
8
TPO 22 Lecture 2
Faint Young Sun Paradox
Astronomy
9
TPO 24 Lecture 4
Shield Volcanoes on Venus
Astronomy
10
TPO 26 Lecture 3
The Orbits of Comets
Astronomy
ArtHistory
11
TPO 21 Lecture 4
Alice Neel (Artist)
Art History
12
TPO 33 Lecture 4
Renaissance Gardens
ArtHistory
13
TPO 34 Lecture 1
Dada
ArtHistory
14
TPO 15 Lecture 3
Nightcap Oak
Botany
20
TPO 34 Lecture 3
Relationship between Plant and its
Pollinator
Botany
21
TPO 28 Lecture
Plants’ Photoreceptors
Botany
22
TPO 19 Lecture 3
Spartina
Animal & Enviornment
13
TPO 20 Lecture 4
Snowshoe Hare
Animal & Enviornment
14
TPO 07 Lecture 2
Bats' Use of Ultrasound
TPO听力按学科分类词汇
对话场景词汇：A：Office Hours 办公时间—Student & Professor 论文论文：thesis statement 论文述，中心句wander off topic [ˈwɔndə] [ɔ(:)f] [ˈtɔpik]v.跑题.look over a draft version 检查草拟版本catalog 目录draw up 得出结论疑难解答考试专业疑难解答：考试：re-take 重修选课与作业(见选课和注册办公室)：bird course 轻松的课transfer 转系转专业enquiry [ɪn'kwaɪri]询问advisor’s approval [ə'pruvl]导师许可rigorous ['rɪɡərəs] adj. 严格的eligible ['ɛlɪdʒəbl] adj.合格的迟到或缺课：miss somebody’s lecture 缺课fill me in something 给我补课疑难解答：bulletin board ['bulitin]公告板school bulletin 学校公告栏rushing against the clock 忙碌check back 回顾记录; 再联系申请申请与志愿：scholarship/fellowship n.奖学金选课选课(见选课作业和注册办公室)：preparatory course [priˈpærətəri] [kɔ:s]n.预备课程：B：Service Encounter 服务咨询-- Student & OfficerLibrary:图书馆reference room n.资料室the reference stacks [ˈrefərəns] [stæks]n.书库loan counter[ləun] [ˈkauntə] n.借书处loan period [ləun] [ˈpiəriəd] n.借书期限fine vt.罚款/n.罚金 charge =fee n.费用academics[ˌækəˈdemik]a.学术journal [ˈdʒə:nəl]n.期刊paperback n.平装本literature guide n.导读reference guide [ˈrefərəns] [gaid]n.参考指南published and unpublished data n.出版/未出版数据库precaution [prɪ'kɔʃən] n. 预防Bookstore：书店store credit [stɔ:] [ˈkredit] n.商店退款；赊账购物retreat[riˈtri:t]n.退书Cafeteria：食堂restaurant /dining room[ˈdaɪnɪŋ] [ru:m]n.餐厅deep fried food [di:p] [fraid] [fu:d]n.油炸食物Registrar’s Office：注册办公室注册(见选课和考试选课作业)：field work [fild wɚk] /research [riˈsə:tʃ]n.实地研究academic record n. 学业成绩financial aid 助学金faculty advisor：指导老师生活指导facilities manager：后勤经理auditorium [ˌɔ:diˈtɔ:riəm]n.礼堂，会堂Counseling Center：咨询中心银行和工资counselor [ˈkaunsələ]n. 咨询员paycheck ['peitʃek]n. 薪水payroll [ˈpeirəul]n.工资单；薪水册Career Services Office:就业服务办公室实习与打工：intern n. 实习生career /job fair n.招聘会advancement =promotion [prəˈməuʃən]n.晋升Campus Activities.校园活动校活动：off campus 校外commute [kə'mjʊt] v. 通勤flyers [ˈflaiəz]n.传单实用文档讲座学科词汇：讲座场景A-- Art 艺术Art 艺术美术：fine art[fain] [ɑ:t] n.美术academy [əˈkædəmi] n.学院；研究院studio[ˈstju:diəu] n.工作室；画室salon [səˈlɔn] n.沙龙，美术展览馆the Renaissance [ˌrɛnəˈzans] n.文艺复兴tribal art [ˈtraibəl][ɑ:t] n.部落艺术abstract art [ˈæbstrækt] [ɑ:t] n.抽象派avant-garde[,ævɔŋ'ɡɑ:d] n.前卫派realism [ˈriəlizəm] n 现实主义impressionism [ɪmˈpreʃənɪz(ə)m] n.印象主义impressionistic style[ɪm,preʃə'nɪstɪk]印象派风格Dadaism. [ˈdɑːdəizəm] n.达达派，达达主义neoclassical [ˈniːəuklæsikəl] adj.新古典主义的realistic [riəˈlistik] adj.现实主义的minimalist ['mɪnɪm(ə)lɪst]n.简单抽象派艺术家precursor[prɪ'kɜːsə]n.先驱figurehead ['fɪgəhed] 名誉领袖critic['krɪtɪk] n.批评家amateur [‘æmətə] n. 业余艺术家oil painting 油画water color 水彩画engraving [ɪn'greɪvɪŋ; en-] n.版画mural painting['mjʊər(ə)l] / fresco['freskəʊ]n.壁画cave art [keiv] [ɑ:t] n.洞穴壁画charcoal drawing ['tʃɑːkəʊl]木炭画sketch[sketʃ] n.速写/素描caricature ['kærɪkətjʊə; 'kærɪkətʃɔː] n.漫画animatorn.漫画家panorama [pænə'rɑːmə] n. 全景画sculpture [ˈskʌlptʃə]n.雕塑statue ['stætjuː; -tʃuː] n.塑像bust [bʌst] n.半身雕塑像sculptor n.雕塑家decoration [ˌdekəˈreiʃən]= adornment[əˈd ɔ:nmənt] n.装饰品stained glass [steɪnd `glæs ]n.彩色玻璃weaving[ˈwiː.vɪŋ] n.织动，编织mosaic [məuˈzei-ik] n.马赛克ceramics[siˈræmiks] n.制术，制业reproduction / replica [riːprə'dʌkʃ(ə)n]['replɪkə]复制品brushstroke [brʌʃ] [strəuk] n.一笔，绘画技巧texture [ˈtekstʃə] n.质地，纹理perspective [pə'spektɪv]透视画法brush[brʌʃ] n. 画笔drawing board 画板canvas [ˈkænvəs]n.画布，帆布indigo ['ɪndɪgəʊ] 靛蓝layer [‘leiə] n. 垫片，层 framing['freɪmɪŋ] n.装框paste [peɪst] v.裱糊scene [si:n] n.景色nature scene [ˈneitʃə] [si:n] n.场景，景色landscape [ˈlændskeip] n.风景posture [ˈpɔstʃə] n.姿势facial [ˈfeiʃəl] adj. 面部的，表面的gesture [‘dʒestʃə] n.造型printing press [ˈprintiŋ][pres] n.印刷机lightproof [‘laitpru:f] adj.不透光image [‘imidʒ] n. 影像prehistory [ˈpriːhistəri] n.史前 era [ˈiərə]n.时代；年代；纪元season [‘si:zən] n. 适合某种活动的季节,期间rank [ræŋk]v.分等级appeal [ə’pi:l] v.对……有吸引力make a name [meik] [ə] [ˈneim]v.出名，成名clergy [ˈklə:dʒi] n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣Christian Church: [ˈkristʃən] [tʃə:tʃ] n.基督教教会monastery [ˈmɔnəstri] n.修道院；僧侣prayer book [ˈpreə] [buk] n.祈祷书knight [nait]n. 骑兵，骑士戏剧电影摄影：drama [‘drɑ:mə] n.戏剧dramaturge [‘dræmə’tə:dʒ] n.剧作家tragedy [‘trædʒidi] n.悲剧puppet show [‘pʌpit-ʃəu] n.木偶剧script [skript] n.剧本early version [ˈə:li] [ˈvə:ʃən]n.早期版本theatrical text [θi’ætrikəl-tekst] n.戏剧文本producer [prə’dju:sə] n. 制片人film [film]n.=movie [ˈmu:vi] n.=motion picture [ˈməuʃən][ˈpiktʃə]n.电影production [prə’dʌkʃən] n.作品，成品，电影制片director [di’rektə] n.导演 documentarist[ˏd ɔkjʊˋmentərɪst] n.纪录片导演documentary [ˌdɔkjuˈmentəri]n.纪录片portray [pɔ:ˈtrei] vt.描绘，扮演cast [kɑ:st] v. 指定角色audition [ɔ:’diʃən] v. 在试演中评估某一人物performer [pə’fɔ:mə] n.表演者acrobat [‘ækrəbæt] n.杂技演员juggler [‘dʒʌɡlə] n. 玩杂耍的人mime [maim] n. 滑稽演员，哑剧演员，丑角clown [klaun] n. 小丑puppeteer [pʌpi’tiə] n. 演木偶戏的人pantomime [‘pæntəmaim] n.哑剧表演minstrel [‘minstrəl] n. 诗歌演唱者audience [ˈɔ:di əns]n.观众，听众，读者theater [ˈθiətə]n. =cinema [ˈsinimə] n.电影院scenery [‘si:nəri] n.舞台布景imitation [‘imi’teiʃən] n.道具costume [‘k ɔstju:m] n.装束makeup [‘meikʌp] n.化妆品characteristic [ˌkæriktəˈristik] n.特征，特质stereotype: [ˈsteriətaip] n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为hybrid[ˈhaibrid]n.混合；混血narration [nəˈreiʃən] n.叙事，讲述standard [ˈstændəd] n.标准framework [‘freimw ə:k] n.结构photography [fəˈtɔgrəfi] n.摄影film [film] n. 胶片expose [iks’pəuz] v. 曝光，暴露exposure [iks’pəuʒə] n.曝光sensitized paper [‘sensitaizd-'peipə] n. 感光纸emulsion [i’mʌlʃən] n. 感光乳剂high-tech [haɪˈtek] n.高科技 equipment[iˈkwipmənt] n.设备processing [prəu’sesiŋ] n.处理entertain [‘entə’tein] v.娱乐pioneer [ˌpaiəˈniə]n.先驱innovator [ˋɪnəʊveɪtə(r)] n.改革者inventor 发明家mechanic[mɪ'kænɪk] 机械工proprietor[prə'praɪətə] 业主 feminist ['fɛmənɪst] 女权主义者humanitarian [hjʊ,mænɪ'teərɪən] 人道主义者apprentice [ə'prentɪs]学徒disciple[dɪ'saɪp(ə)l]n.学徒crew [kru:] n.全体人员mortal ['mɔːt(ə)l] 犯人renowned[riˈnaund] adj. 著名的household adj.家庭的/家喻户晓的classic adj.经典的traditional [trəˈdiʃənəl]adj.传统的immortal[ɪ'mɔːt(ə)l] adj.不朽的/神unique adj.唯一的/独特的versatile ['vɜːsətaɪl] adj.（人）多才多艺的（物）多功能的innocent ['ɪnəs(ə)nt] adj.天真的/无罪的romantic adj.浪漫的odd adj.怪诞的/奇数的erratic [ɪ'rætɪk] adj.奇怪的eccentric [ɪk'sentrɪk; ek-] adj.古怪的weird adj.怪异的/不可思议的emotional adj.情绪的/情感的emotive adj.感人的sentimental[sentɪ'ment(ə)l] adj.感伤的/多愁善感的 cheerless adj.无精打采的/无生命力的clumsy['klʌmzɪ] adj.笨拙的rigid['rɪdʒɪd] adj.僵化的spare[speə] adj.简朴的zigzag ['zɪgzæg] adj.曲折的symbolic [sɪm'bɒlɪk] adj.象征性的contemplative[ˈkɔntempleitiv] adj.沉思的；冥想的sarcastic [sɑ:ˈkæstik, sɑr-] adj. 讽刺的authentic [ɔ:ˈθentik] adj.真正的，真实的；可信的accessible [əkˈsesəbəl] adj.易接近的；可进入的；可理解的daydream [ˈdeɪdriːm]n.白日梦nightmare [ˈnaitmeə] n.噩梦音乐：Musicfolk music 民间音乐hillbilly music ['hɪlbɪlɪ] 乡村音乐chamber music [ˈtʃeimbə] [ˈmju:zik] n.室音乐symphony [ˈsimfəni] n. 交响乐Broadway musical: [ˈbrɔ:dwei] [ˈmju:zikəl]n.百老汇音乐剧musician [mju(:)ˈziʃən] n.音乐家composer [kəmˈpəuzə]n.作曲家；作家critic [ˈkritik]n.评论家；批评者choir [ˈkwaiə] n. 合唱队chorus [ˈkɔ:rəs] =choir[ˈkwaiə]n.合唱队noten.音符step [step] n.音级scale [skeil] n.音阶tone [təun] n.音调pitch [pitʃ] n.音高volume [‘vɔlju:m] n.音量 register [‘redʒistə] n.音域 solo ['səʊləʊ]独奏/独唱 harmony n.和声chord[kɔːd] n.和弦melody [ˈmelədi] n. 旋律；歌曲 rhythm ['riðəm,'riθəm]n.节奏韵律rhythmic patterns ['riðmik - 'pætənz] n. 有节奏的模式notation [nəu’teiʃən] n.谱号(musical notation: 音乐记谱)score [skɔ:] n.乐谱composition [‘kɔmpə’ziʃən] n.乐曲movement n. 乐章lullaby['lʌləbaɪ]催眠曲sonata [sə'nɑːtə]奏鸣曲serenade[serə'neɪd] 小夜曲vocal music 声乐band music / wind music 管乐orchestra [ˈɔ:kistrə]n. 管弦乐队 conducting 指挥podium['pəʊdɪəm] 指挥台accompaniment [ə'kʌmp(ə)nɪm(ə)nt] n.伴奏musical instrument 乐器string instrument [striŋ] [ˈinstrumənt] n.弦乐器keyboard instrument 键盘乐器percussion instrument [pəˈkʌʃən] [ˈinstrumənt] n.打击乐器violin [ˌvaiəˈlin] n.小提琴；小提琴手viola [viˈəulə] n.中提琴，中提琴演奏者cello [ˈtʃeləʊ] n.大提琴fhorn 号；喇叭clarinet [klæriˈnet] n.单簧管；竖笛，黑管pound drum 击鼓formal [ˈfɔ:məl]adj.正式的improvisational [ˏɪmprəvaɪˋzeɪʃənəl]adj.即兴的fanatical [fə'nætikl] 狂热的建筑：Architecturearchitect [ˈɑ:kitekt] n.建筑师building technique 建筑工艺crafting n. 工艺；手工aesthetic [i:s’θetik] adj.美学的school [sku:l] n.学派guild [ɡild] n.协会design 设计design element 设计元素nterior design [in’tiəriə-di'zain] n.室设计construct [kən'strʌkt]n.结构compact structure [ˈkɔmpækt] [ˈstrʌktʃə] n.紧凑的结构component [kəm’pəunənt] n.零件，构件composing [kəm'pəuziŋ]n. 组成tension [‘tenʃən] n.绷紧状态cube [kjuːb] n.立方体facade [fə’sɑ:d] n.（建筑物的）外立面，尤指正面alignment [ə’lainmənt] n.直线排列parallel[‘pærəlel] adj.平行的fine [fain] adj.（区别）微小的；细微的flat [flæt] adj.扁平的immense [i’mens] adj.极大的molten [‘məultən] adj.熔化的；熔融的archives['a:kaivz]档案馆planetarium[,plænɪ'teərɪəm] 天文馆aquarium [ə'kweərɪəm]水族馆skyscraper [‘skai’skreipə] n.摩天大楼office building 写字楼cabin['kæbɪn]n. 小木屋cathedral[kə'θiːdr(ə)l] n.大教堂mosque[mɒsk] 清真寺castle ['kɑːs(ə)l] n.城堡Gothic [‘ɡɔθik] adj.哥特式的pyramid 金字塔the statue of liberty 自由女神像 the triumphal arch[ɑːtʃ]凯旋门celebrated [‘selibreitid] adj.著名的roof [ru:f] n.屋顶dome [dəum] n.穹顶arch [ɑ:tʃ] n.拱（连柱的） ceiling [‘si:liŋ] n.天花板marble slab ['mɑːbl-slæb] n.石板skeleton [‘skelitn] n.框架结构整体框架steel girder [sti:l][ˈgə:də] n.钢梁metal-frame 金属结构mat [mæt] n.垫子pedestal ['pedistəl] n. 基架，基座doorway [‘dɔ:wei] n.门口corridor [‘kɔridɔ:] n.走廊staircase [‘stɛəkeis] n.楼梯electric elevator [i’lektrik -‘eliveitə] n.电梯dwelling [‘dwelɪŋ] n.住处，居住空间fountain[‘fauntin] n.喷泉lamp [læmp] n.灯chimney [‘tʃimni] n.烟囱drainer [‘dreinə] n.下水道装置,滤水器sewer [sjuə] n.排水沟pipeline [‘paiplain] n.管道，输送管道canal [kə’næl] n.运河timber [‘timbə] n.木材splint [splint] n.薄木条lime [laim] n.石灰 plaster [‘plɑ:stə] n.石膏mortar [‘mɔ:tə] n.砂浆, 灰浆tile [tail] n.饰面砖，瓷砖fiber [‘faibə] n.纤维hemp [hemp] n.大麻纤维new material 新材料prototype['prəʊtətaɪp] n.原型 portrait [‘p ɔ:trit] n.肖像sphinx[sfɪŋks] n.狮身人面像sculpt [skʌlpt] v.雕刻pastel [pæs’tel] n.彩色蜡笔画 parchment [‘pɑ:t ʃmənt] n.羊皮纸decoration [ˌdekəˈreiʃən]= adornment[əˈd ɔ:nmənt] n.装饰品pour [pɔ:] v.浇注erect [i’rekt] v.竖立，建立hammer [‘hæmə] v.锤打imold [məuld] v.塑造cohere [kəu’hiə] v.粘合converge [kən’və:dʒ] v.聚合于，集中于一点span [spæn] v.（桥、拱等）横跨fabric weaving [‘fæbrik - 'wiːviŋ] n.纺织，编织城市规划：City Planninglayout [ˈleiaut]n.布局downtown [ˈdaunˈtaun]n.市中心suburb [ˈsʌbə:b] n.郊外country =rural area[ˈkʌntri]= [ˈruərəl] [ˈɛəriə]n.农村residential area[ˌreziˈdenʃəl] [ˈɛəriə]n. 住宅区local resident[ˈləukəl] [ˈrezidənt] n.当地居民dweller [ˈdwelə]n.居民inhabitant [inˈhæbitənt]n.居民sidewalk[ˈsaidwɔ:k]n.人行道pedestrian mall [piˈdestriən] [mɔ:l] n.步行街off-limits[ˌɒfˈlɪm.ɪts]n.禁区，禁止进入transportation hub [ˌtrænspə:ˈteiʃən] [h ʌb]n.中转港bus terminal [bʌs] [ˈtə:minəl]n.公车终点站facilitate [fə’siliteit] v.提供便利privately owned [‘praivitli-əund] adj.私有的publicly owned [‘pʌblikli:-əund] adj.公有的public utility [‘pʌblik-ju’tiliti] n.公用事业vehicle [‘vi:ikl] n.交通工具parking area/lot[ˈpɑːkiŋ] [ˈɛəriə]/ [lɔt]=car park [kɑ:] [pɑ:k]=stopping place [ˈstɔpiŋ] [pleis]n.停车场automobile [ˈɔ:təməubi:l]=car [kɑ:]=vehicle [ˈvi:ikəl]n. 汽车subway station [ˈsʌbwei] [ˈsteiʃən]=underground[ˌʌndəˈgraund]n.地铁文学：Literature create实用文档genre [ˈʒɔnrə]n.文体fairy tale[ˈfeə.ri.teɪl]n.童话；神话folk tale [fəulk] [teil]n.民间故事mythology [miˈθɔlədʒi] n.神话；神话学；神话集allegory [ˈæliɡəri] n.寓言legend [ˈledʒənd] n.传说novel [ˈnɔvəl]=fiction [ˈfikʃən]n.小说science fiction[ˈsaiəns] [ˈfikʃən]n.科幻小说prose n.= essay [ˈesei]n.散文descriptive prose [dɪ'skrɪptɪv] 描写性散文narrative prose ['nærətɪv] 叙述性散文poetry [ˈpəuitri]=poem [ˈpəuim]n.诗歌autobiography[ɔːtəbaɪ'ɒgrəfɪ] n. 人物传记character sketch [ˈkæriktə] [sketʃ]n.素描，人物速写”lyrics [ˈliriks]n.抒情诗ballad ['bæləd]民谣 proverb ['prɒvɜːb]谚语editorial [ˌediˈtɔ:riəl] n. 社论type [taip]n.类型 style [stail]n.风格 works[wə:ks]n.作品 author [ˈɔ:θə]n.作者story tellers [ˈstɔːriˌtelə] n.说故事的人satirist ['sætərɪst]讽刺作家biographer [baɪ'ɒɡrəfə] 自传作家imagist ['imidʒist] 意象派诗人troubadour [ˈtruːbəduə] n.行吟诗人literacy [ˈlitərəsi] n.读写能力；精通文学literary criticism 文学批评literary studies 文学研究comment [ˈkɔment]n.评论schools of literature 文学流派realism['rɪəlɪz(ə)m] 现实主义surrealism [sə'rɪəlɪz(ə)m] 超现实主义modernism ['mɒd(ə)nɪz(ə)m]现代主义aestheticism[iːs'θetɪsɪz(ə)m; es-]唯美主义character[ˈkæriktə]n. 人物,角色，性格leading character 主人公major/main character[ ˈ meid ʒə ]/ [mein][ ˈ kæriktə]=round character[raund] [ˈkæriktə]n.主角minor characters[ ˈmain ə] [ ˈkæriktə]=flat character[flæt] [ˈkæriktə] n.配角characters’personalities[ˈkæriktəs] [ˌpə:səˈnæliti]n.人物个性people’s trait [ˈpi:plz] [treit]n.人物特质model n.人物原型stereotype: [ˈsteriətaip] n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为background [ˈbækgraund]n.背景setting [ˈsetiŋ]n.场景 prelude ['preljuːd]序曲prologue ['prəʊlɒg]n.序言main plot [plɔt]n 主要情节obligatory scene[əˈbligəˌtəri] [si:n]n.必须的情节incident [ˈinsidənt]n.事件.ending[ˈendiŋ]= denouement [deiˈnu:mɑŋ] n.结局 quotation [kwəuˈteiʃən]n.引用语fortune[ˈfɔ:tʃənət]n.命运，运气servant [ˈsə:vənt]n.仆人master [ˈmɑ:stə]n.主人 royalty [ˈrɔiəlti]n.皇室 prince [ˈprins]n.王子princess [ˌprinˈses]n.公主knight[nait]n.骑兵，骑士chivalry [ˈʃivəlri] n.侠气，骑士精神clergy [ˈklə:dʒi] n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣religion [riˈlidʒən] n.；信仰Christian Church: [ˈkristʃən] [tʃə:tʃ] n.基督教教会museum [mju(:)ˈziəm]n.博物馆entertainment[ˌentəˈteinm ənt]=recreation [ ˌrekri ˈeiʃən]=amusement [əˈmju:zmənt]n.娱乐formula [ˈfɔ:mjulə]n.准则，公式universal truth [ˌju:niˈvə:səl] [tru:θ]n.真理the inciting [ðə][inˈsait iŋ]n.刺激logical [ˈlɔdʒikəl]adj.合乎逻辑的appreciate [əˈpri:ʃieit]vt.欣赏戏剧（见艺术电影摄影）：drama[ˈdrɑ:mə]=theater [ˈθiətə]=play [plei]n.戏剧opera [ˈɔpərə]n.歌剧well-made play[wel] [meid] [plei]n.佳构剧 comedy [ˈkɔmidi]n.喜剧portray[pɔ:ˈtrei]vt.描绘舞蹈：Danceballet[bæˈleɪ]n.芭蕾舞 toeshoe [ˋtəʊʃuː] n.芭蕾舞鞋choreography [ˌkɔriˈɔgrəfi]n.编舞choreographer[,kɔri'ɔɡrəfə] 舞蹈编排家讲座场景B-- Social Science 社会科学考古：ArchaeologyStone Age 石器时代Paleolithic [,pælɪəʊ'lɪθɪk]旧石器时代的the Paleolithic period/age [ðə] [ˌpæliəuˈliθik] [ˈpiəriəd]/ [eidʒ]= the Old/late Stone Age [ðə] [əuld]/ [leit] [stəun][eidʒ]n.旧石器时代Mesolithic [ˌmɛsəʊˈlɪθɪk]中石器时代的Neolithic [ˌniːəʊˈlɪθɪk]新石器时代的the Neolithic period/age [ðə] [ˌni:əuˈli θik] [ˈpiəriəd]/[eidʒ]=New stone age [nju:] [stəun] [eidʒ]n.新石器时代Bronze Age [brɒnz]（青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代primitive [ˈprimitiv]n.原始人，adj 原始的ancestor [ˈænsɛstə]祖先cave man 山顶洞人nomad [ˈnəumæd]n.游牧民clan [klæn]氏族tribe [traɪb]部落alliance [əˈlaiəns]=federation [ˌfedəˈreiʃən]n.联盟homogeneous [ˌhəʊməˈdʒiːnɪəs ˌhɒm-]同一种族（种类）的archeologist [,ɑ:ki'ɔlədʒist]考古学家antiquity [ænˈtɪkwɪtɪ]古代，古老ancient civilization [,sɪvələ'zeʃən]古代文明grave= tomb [greiv]= [tu:m]n.坟墓ruins [ˈruːɪn]遗迹，废墟 remains [rɪ'meɪnz]遗产/遗骸 skull [skʌl]颅骨cranial ['kreɪnɪəl]颅骨的historicalrelic [hisˈtɔrikəl] [ˈrelik]n.遗迹cultural relics ['rɛliks]文物relic [ˈrɛlɪk]遗物，文物antique [æn'tiːk]古物/古董artifact [ˈɑːtɪˌfækt]手工艺品utensil [ju:ˈtensəl]n.餐具，炊具cooking container [ˈkukiŋ] [kənˈteinə]n.容器canoe [kəˈnu:]独木舟obsidian [ɔbˈsidiən]n.黑曜石covert ['kʌvət]n. 隐藏处shelter [ˈʃeltə] n.庇护所religion [riˈlidʒən]n.ritual [‘ritʃuəl] n.（）仪式originate [əˈrɪdʒɪˌneɪt]起源于inhabit [inˈhæbit]vt.居住于bury[ˈberi]v.埋葬excavate / unearth v.挖掘 excavation [ˌekskəˈvei ʃən]n.挖掘历史：Historyera [ˈiərə]n.时代；年代；纪元 prehistory [ˈpriːhistəri] n.史前ancient Rome/Greek [ˈeinʃənt] [rəum]/ [gri:k]n. 古罗马/希腊medieval [,medi'i:vəl,]adj. 中世纪Europe [ˈjuərəp] n.欧洲Britain [ˈbritən]n.英国Italy [ˈitəli] n. 意大利Rome(Roma) [rəum] n. 罗马Greek[gri:k] n. 希腊Egypt [ˈi:dʒipt] n.埃及France [ˈfræns] n.法国 Germany [ˈdʒə:məni] n.德国 Spain [spein] n.西班牙Turkey[ˈtə:ki] n.土耳其（Turkish）Netherlands[ˈneðələndz] =Holland [ˈh ɔlənd] n. 荷兰（Dutch 荷兰人）Canada [ˈkænədə] n.加拿大（Canadian [kəˈneidi ən] n. 加拿大人）Mount Rushmore 拉什莫尔山（位于美国南达科他州）总统山；人类学：Anthropologyanthropologist [ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪst]人类学家paleoanthropologist [ˌpælɪəʊˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪ]古人类学家ecological anthropologist [ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkəl]生态人类学家实用文档psychological anthropologist [ˌsaɪkəˈlɒd ʒɪkəl]心理人类学家Native American [ˈneitiv] [əˈmerikən]n. 美洲原住民，印第安人patriarchal [,peitri'ɑ:kəl] adj.家长的/族长的哲学：Philosophyphilosophy [fi'lɔsəfi,fə-]n. 哲学；哲理；人生观Aristotle’s ethical theory [ˈæristɔtlz][ˈeθikəl] [ˈθiəri]n.伦理学Ancient Greek philosopher [ˈein ʃənt][gri:k] [fiˈl ɔsəfə]n.古希腊哲学家Socrates[ˈsɔkrəti:z]格拉底；Plato [ˈpleitəu]柏拉图；Aristotle [ˈæristɔtl]亚里士多德ideology [ˌaɪdɪˈɒlədʒɪ]意识形态intellect ['intəlekt]n. 智力，理解力；知识分子；思维逻辑领悟力；智力高的happiness [ˈhæpinis]n.幸福fame [feim]n. 名声，名望external [ik'stə:nəl]adj. 外部的；表面的optimism ['ɔptimizəm] n. 乐观；乐观主义心理学：Psychologybaby[ˈbeibi]=infant [ˈinfənt]=nursling [ˈn əːsliŋ]n.婴儿kid [kid]n.儿童teenager [ˈti:neidʒə]n.十三至十九岁的人young people [jʌŋ] [ˈpi:pl] n.年轻人adult [əˈdʌlt]n.成年人old people [əuld] [ˈpi:pl]=the aged[ ði:] [eidʒd]=elderly people [ˈeldəli] [ˈpi:pl] =senior citizens [ˈsi:niə] [ˈsitizənz]老年人 mature [məˈtjuə]vt.使成熟majority [məˈdʒɒrɪtɪ]n.多数人 minority [ma ɪˈnɒrɪtɪmɪ-]n.少数人 conformity [kənˈfɔːmɪtɪ]n.从众individual [ˌindiˈvidʒuəl]n. 个体，个人self-reliance [‘self-ri’lains] n. 依靠自己，自立participate [pɑ:’tisipeit] v.参与behaviorism [bɪˈheɪvɪərɪz(ə)m]n.行为主义psychoanalysis [ˌsaikəuəˈnælisis]n.精神分析egocentric [ˌi:gəuˈsentrik]adj.自我中心的；利己主义的mental processes: [ˈmentl] [ˈprəuses]n.心理历程mental [ˈmentl]心理的founder [ˈfaundə]n.创始人Archimedes [ˌɑːkiˈmiːdiːz]n.阿基米德mental process[ˈmentl] [ˈprəuses]n.思维过程thought [θɔ:t]n.思想，想法cognition [kɔɡˈniʃən]n.认识cognitive capacity [ˈkɔgnitiv] [kəˈpæsiti]n.认知能力 ideomotor action[ˌaidiəˈm əutə] [ˈækʃən]n.意识，观念运动motivation [,məuti'veiʃən]n. 动机；积极性；推动intention [in’tenʃən] n.意图，目的intuitive [inˈtju:itiv]adj.直觉的hypotheses[hai ˈpɔθisis]n.假定；臆测conscience[ˈkɔnʃəns]n.道德心，良心virtuous ['və:tʃuəs]adj. 善良的；有道德的curiosity [ˌkjuəriˈɔsiti]n.好奇心实用文档generous [ˈdʒenərəs]adj.慷慨的，大方identity [aiˈdentiti]n.身份；同一性fame [feim]n.名声，名望spiritual [ˈspɪrɪtjʊəl]心灵的soul [səul]n. 灵魂；心灵physical [ˈfɪzɪkəl]身体的，物质的，物理的behavior [bi'heivjə]n. 行为，举止；habit[ˈhæbit]n.习惯muscle [ˈmʌsəl]n.肌肉sign language[sain] [ˈlæŋgwidʒ]n.手语，符号语音throat [θrəut]n.喉咙，嗓子laryngeal [ læˈrindʒiəl]adj.喉部larynx [ˈlæriŋks]= voice box [vɔis] [bɔks]喉头subjective [səbˈdʒektiv]adj.主观的 objective [ɔbˈdʒektiv]adj.客观的positive/negative electrode [ˈpɔzətiv]/[ˈnegətiv] [ɪˈlektrəʊd]正/负电极maze [meiz]= labyrinth [ˈlæbərinθ]n.迷宫questionnaire [ˌkwestʃəˈneə]n.问卷subject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt]n.受实验对象disadvantage [ˌdisədˈvɑ:ntidʒ]n.缺点obsession [əbˈseʃən]n.困扰deaf [def]adj. 聋的blind[blaind]adj.盲abnormal [æbˈnɔ:məl]adj.反常的distracted [diˈstrækt]adj.心烦意乱的child amnesia[tʃaild] [æmˈni:ziə] n 儿童健忘症，记忆缺失语言学：linguistics [liŋˈgwistiks] .语言学Proto-Indo-European: [prəʊ.təʊ-] [ˈɪndəʊ][juərəˈpi:ən] n.原始印欧语grammar [ˈgræmə]n.语法实用文档verb[və:b]v.动词noun [naun]n.名词adjective [ˈædʒiktiv]n.形容词经济学 Economics 商业 Businessmerchant[ˈmə:tʃənt]n.商人adman [ˈædmæn]n.广告人bidder [ˈbidə]n.投标者client [ˈklaiənt]n.客户potential customer [pəˈtenʃəl] [ˈkʌstəm ə]n.潜在客户skilled labor [skild][ˈleibə]n.熟练工人business owner=employer [ˈbiznis] [ˈəunə] = [imˈplɔiə]老板business conference [ˈbiznis] [ˈkɔnfərəns] =seminar[ˈseminɑ:]n.会议industrial revolution [inˈdʌstriəl] [ˌrevəˈlu:ʃən]n.工业革命，产业革命industry [ˈindəstri]n.产业，工业 infrastructure[ˈinfrəˌstrʌktʃə]n.基础设施industry cluster: [ˈindəstri] [ˈklʌstə]n.产业集群alliance [əˈlaiəns]=federation [ˌfedəˈreiʃən]n.联盟collaborate [kəˈlæbəreit]vi.合作；协作 urbanization [ˌəːbənaiˈzeiʃən]n.都市化prosper[ˈprɔspə]vi.繁荣flourish ['flauriʃ]n. 兴旺；茂盛affluence['æflʊəns]n.富裕，富足poverty [ˈpɔvəti]n.贫困boom and bust [bu:m] [ænd] [bʌst] 繁荣与萧条collapse[kəˈlæps]n./vt.崩溃out of business 歇业，破产outofwork [aut] [əv, ə, ɔv] [wə:k]n.失业Great Depression [greit] [diˈpreʃən]n.大萧条dotcom crash [ðə][dɒtˈkɒm] [kræʃ]n.互联网泡沫tulip mania[ˈtju:lip] [ˈmeiniə]n.狂热irrational [iˈræʃənəl]adj.不理性的sophisticated [sə'fɪstɪkeɪtɪd]adj.世故的，老练的；复杂的，尖端的speculation [ˌspekjuˈleiʃən]n.投机conflict [kən'flikt,'kɔnflikt]n.冲突variation[ˌveəriˈeiʃən]n.变种panic [ˈpænik]n.恐慌consumerism[kən'sjuːmərɪz(ə)m]n.消费主义 gardening=horticulture [ˈɡɑːdnɪŋ]= [ˈhɔ:tiˌkʌltʃə]n.园艺remote mountainous region[riˈməut] [ˈmauntinəs] [ˈri:dʒən]n.偏远山区brand=trademark [brænd]= [ˈtreidmɑ:k]n.品牌，商标product[ˈprɔdʌkt]n.产品commodity [kəˈmɔditi]n.商品luxury[ˈlʌkʃəri]n.奢侈品specimen [ˈspesəmən]n.样本service[ˈsə:vis]n.服务实用文档statistics [stə’tistiks] n.统计学native to [ˈneitiv] [tu]原产至hail from[heil] [frɔm]来自于，出产于retail[ˈri:teil, riˈteil]n.v.零售promissory note [ˈprɔmisəri][nəut]n.本票revenue [ˈrevinju:]=income [ˈinkʌm]n.收入disposable income [di'spəuzəbl] [ˈinkʌm] -money [ˈmʌni]n.可支配收入per capita [pəˈkæpɪtə]人均 subsistencelevel 收支平衡的生活水平subsistence [səb'sɪst(ə)ns]n.存活，生活 annualbudget [ˈænjuəl] [ˈbʌdʒit]n.年度预算borrowing[ˈbɔrəuiŋ]n.借款bank loan [bæŋk] [ləʊn]银行贷款 interest['intrist, 'intər-]利息check [tʃek]支票；收据；账单cost [kɔst]n.成本rent [rent] n.租金 tax [tæks]n.税金 profit [ˈprɔfit]n.利润withdraw [wɪð'drɔː]从银行账户中提款annual budget [ˈænjuəl] [ˈbʌdʒit]n.年度预算tax incentive [tæks] [inˈsentiv]n.税收优惠federal subsidy[ˈfedərəl] [ˈs ʌbsidi]=financial assistance[fəˈnænʃəl] [əˈsistəns]n.财政资助//补贴foundation [faunˈdeiʃən]=fund [fʌnd]n.基金会the National Endowment for the Artsfoundation[ðə][ˈnæʃən(ə)l] [inˈdaumənt] [fə] [ðə] [ɑːts]n.美国艺术基金会gold [gəuld]n.金子（区：goal 目标）monetary[ˈmʌnitəri]adj.货币的，财政的commercial [kəˈmə:ʃəl]adj.商业的；营利的guarantee [ˌgærənˈti:]v.担保mortgage [ˈmɔ:gidʒ]n./vt.抵押auction [ˈɔ:kʃən]n./vt.拍卖patron [ˈpeitrən]=sponsor [ˈspɔnsə]n.赞助人patronage [ˈpætrənɪdʒ]n.资助，赞助mass communications [mæs] [kəˌmju:niˈkeiʃənz]大众传播工具media [ˈmi:diə]=communication[kəˌmju:niˈkeiʃən]n.媒体advertisement [ədˈvə:tismənt]n.广告advertising plan [ˈædvətaiziŋ] [plæn]n.广告策划billboard [ˈbilbɔːd]n.公告牌slogan [ˈsləugən]n.标语；呐喊声target age group [ˈtɑ:git] [eidʒ] [gru:p]n.目标年龄群market research/survey [ˈmɑ:kit] [riˈsə:tʃ]/ [ˈsə:vei]市场调查社会学：Sociologymeme[mi:m]n.文化基因longevity [lɔnˈdʒeviti]n.寿命fecundity[fiˋkʌndətɪ]n.繁殖力，复制能力fidelity [fiˈdeliti]n.保真度，精准accuracy ['ækjurəsi]n. [数] 精确度，准确性calendar ['kælində]n. 日历；[天] 历法；Jupiter ['dʒu:pitə]n. [天] 木星；朱庇特（罗马神话中的宙斯神）monumental [,mɔnju'mentəl]adj. 不朽的；纪念碑的；非常的enormous [i'nɔ:məs]adj. 庞大的，巨大的；凶暴的，极恶的政治类：PoliticsAmerican Revolution 美国革命/独立战争 Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国战the Second World War 第二次世界大战military [ˈmɪlɪtərɪ-trɪ]adj.军事的warrior ['wɔriə,'wɔ:-]n. 战士fifty states 55 个州federal system [ˈfɛdərəl]联邦制Congress [ˈkɒŋgrɛs]美国国会Senate [ˈsɛnɪt]参议院Democrats [ˈdɛməˌkræt]党Republicans [rɪˈpʌblɪkən]党election [ɪˈlɛkʃən]选举vote [vəʊt]投票veto [ˈviːtəʊ]否决council[ˈkaunsəl]n.委员会legislation [ˌlɛdʒɪsˈleɪʃən]立法constitution [ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃən]宪法 justice ['dʒʌstis]n. 司法，法律制裁diplomat[ˈdipləmæt]n.外交官bureaucracy [bju ˈrɔkrəsi]n.官僚主义 anarchism [ˈænəˌkɪzəm]n.无政府主义centralized ['sentrəlaizd]adj.中央集权的radical [ˈrædɪkəl]adj.激进的,根本的patriotic[,pætri'ɔtik]adj. 爱国的inspire [in'spaiə]vt. 激发；鼓舞；release [r ɪˈliːs]v.释放colonize [ˈkɒləˌnaɪz]v.拓殖，殖民immigrant [ˈɪmɪgrənt]n.移民social status [‘səuʃəl-’steitəs] n.社会地位讲座场景 C—Life Science 生命科学动物学：biology[baɪ'ɑlədʒi]生物学speciology [ˌspi:ʃi'ɔlədʒi]n. 物种学 zoology [zəuˈɔlədʒi]n.动物学microbiology[,maɪkrobaɪ'ɑlədʒi]微生物学marine biology 海洋生物学entomology [ˌentəˈmɔlədʒi]n. 昆虫学ornithology[,ɔrnɪ'θɑlədʒi] n.鸟类学cell biology [sel-bai’ɔlədʒi] n.细胞生物学biochemist [‘baiəu’kemist] n.生物化学家paleontologist [‘peiliɔn’tɔlədʒist] n.古生物学者creature [ˈkri:tʃə] n.生物organism[ˈɔ:gənizəm]n.有机物，微生物microbe['maɪkrob]微生物plankton['plæŋktən]浮游生物invertebrate [in’və:tibrət] n.无脊椎动物vertebrate[ˈvə:t əbrɪt, -ˌbret]脊椎动物amphibian [æmˈfibiən]n.两栖动物reptile [ˈreptail]n.爬行动物herbivore ['hə:biˌvɔ:]n. 食草动物herbivorous: [hə:ˈbivərəs]a.食草的，草食的carnivore['kɑrnɪvɔr]食肉动物omnivorous [amˈnivərəs]a.杂食的 ruminant [ˈru:minənt]n.反刍动物mollusk [‘mɔləsk] n.软体动物land creature [lænd] [ˈkri:tʃə]陆地生物cold [kəuld] blood animal [blʌd] [ˈæniməl]n.冷血动物warm[wɔ:m] blood animal [blʌd] [ˈæniməl]n.热血动物mammal ['mæməl]n. [脊椎] 哺乳动物primates [ˈpraɪmɪts]灵长目动物endangered species 濒危动物species[ˈspi:ʃi:z]n.物种breed[bri:d]n.品种monogamous 一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polyandrous[,pɑlɪ'ændrəs]一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的polygamous[pə'lɪgəməs]一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的community [kəˈmjunɪti]动物的群落或人的部落flock[flɑk]（牛、羊等）群herd [hɝd]兽群hordes/swarms [hɔrd]/[swɔrm]（昆虫等）群生理生化：respiratory system [ris’paiərətəri-'sistəm] n.呼吸系统digestive system 消化系统nerve system [nə:v] n.神经系统circulatory ['sɝkjələtɔri]system 循环系统 hormonal[hɔr'monl] system 分泌系统reproductive system 生殖系统、urinary system 泌尿系统immune system [iˈmju:n] [ˈsistəm]n.免疫系统motor system n.运动系统实用文档breed [brid] (名词)品种，（动词）繁殖 multiply / reproduce['mʌltɪplaɪ]/[,riprə'dus]繁殖offspring [ˈɔfˌspriŋ]n.后代crossbreed ['krɔ:sbri:d] v.（使）杂交sperm[spə:m]n. 精子spawn[spɔn]（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵fertilizer [ˈfɚtlˌaɪz ɚ]使…受精 n.肥料unfertilized egg[ʌn'fɜːtɪlaɪzd]未受精卵fertilized egg [‘fə:tilaizd-eg] n.受精卵pregnant [ˈpregnənt]a. 怀孕的embryo [‘embriəu] n.胚胎hatchling ['hætʃliŋ]n. 刚孵化的幼体incubation[,ɪŋkju'beʃən]孵化fledglings[ˈfledʒliŋ]n.雏鸟cell [sel] n. 细胞.蜂房cytoplasm [‘saitəplæzəm] n.细胞质cell membrane [sel-'mem’brein] n.细胞膜cellwall [sel-wɔːl] n.细胞壁nucleus [‘nju:kliəs] n.细胞核organelle [ɔ:ɡə’nel] n.细胞器skin cells [skin] [selz]n.皮肤细胞nerve cells [nə:v] [selz]n.神经细胞 unicellular [‘ju:ni’seljulə] adj.单细胞的 multicellular [‘mʌlti’seljulə] adj.多细胞的renewing [ri'nju:iŋ]n.更新metabolism [məˈtæbəlizəm]n.新代hormone[ˈhɔ:məun]n.激素，荷尔蒙insulin [‘insjulin] n.胰岛素secretion [siˈkri:ʃən]n.分泌，分泌物anatomy [ə’nætəmi] n.人体解剖organ [ˈɔ:gən]n. 器官vestige [ˈvɛstɪdʒ]n.退化器官liver [‘livə] n.肝脏lung [lʌŋ] n.肺kidney [‘kidni] n.肾stomach['stʌmək]n.胃 pancreas['pæŋkrɪəs]n.胰tissue [ˈtiʃu:, -sju:]n.组织vessel [‘vesəl] n.血管 tendon [‘tendən] n.腱 membrane[‘membrein] n.膜gland [ɡlænd] n.腺digestive gland[ɡlænd]消化腺digestive enzyme 消化酶tentacle [‘tentəkl] n. 触角，触须jaw [dʒɔ:] n.颌, 颚tongue [tʌŋ] n.舌头valve [vælv] n.瓣膜skeletal ['skelitəl]adj. 骨骼的vertebra [‘və:tibrə] n. 脊椎骨= spinal ['spaɪnl]cord 脊椎rib [rib] n.肋骨fingerprint ['fiŋgəˌprint]n.指纹nail [neil] n.指甲division [di’viʒən] n.部分beak [bi:k] n.喙，（鹰等的）嘴 bill [bɪl]（鸟）嘴tooth [tu:θ] -teeth[ti:θ]n.牙齿toothless [ˈtuθlɪs] adj. 无齿的compound eye [kəmˈpaund] [ai]n.复眼fin [fin] n.鱼鳍scale [skeil] n.鱼鳞forelimb [‘fɔ:lim] n.前肢limb [lim]n. 肢，臂；分支 wing [wiŋ]n.翅膀feather [ˈfeðə] n. 羽毛tail [teil] n.尾卫生与疾病：hygiene['haɪdʒin]卫生hygienic [hai’dʒi:nik] adj.卫生学的（hygiene [‘haidʒi:n] 卫生学）sanitation[,sænɪ'teʃən]公共卫生；卫生设施disease [di’zi:z] n.疾病diagnose [‘daiəɡnəuz] v.诊断drug [drʌɡ] n.药物medicine [‘medisin] n.医学，药dental clinic 牙医诊所surgeon ['sɜːdʒ(ə)n] n.外科医生virus [‘vaiərəs] n.病毒fungi [‘fʌndʒai] n.真菌类yeast[jist]酵母（菌） parasite ['pærəsa ɪt]寄生虫parasitic [ˌpærəˈsitik]a. 寄生的，寄生虫的inflection 传染 / 感染paralysis [pə’rælisis] n.麻痹, 瘫痪 cardiac [‘kɑ:diæk] adj.心脏(病)的antibiotic [ˌæntibaiˈɔtik]n.抗生素antibody [‘ænti’bɔdi] n.抗体 vaccine [‘væksi:n] n.疫苗fungicide [‘fʌndʒisaid] n.杀真菌剂营养学：nutrient [‘nju:triənt] n. 营养物质calorie [ˈkæləri]卡路里（热量单位）protein [‘prəuti:n] n.蛋白质starch 淀粉glucose [‘ɡlu:kəus] n.葡萄糖carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物（淀粉）vitamin [ˈvitəmin, vai-]n.维生素，维他命malnutrition [ˌmælnjuˈtriʃən]n.营养不良，营养不足decaffeinated [di:'kæfineitid]adj. 不含咖啡因toxic [‘tɔksik] adj.有毒的toxin 毒素植物学：botany 植物学botanical / botanic 植物学的 botanist [‘bɔtənist] n.植物学家herb [hə:b]n.草本植物parasite plant['ɔrɡən] 寄生植物aquatic['ænjuəl] plant 水生植物horticulture [ˈhɔrtɪˌkʌltʃɚ]园艺学system 系统forest [‘fɔrist] n.森林jungle [ˈdʒʌŋgəl]n.热带丛林tropical rain forest [‘trɔpikl-rein-’fɔrist] n.热带雨林 Tropical savanna forest [‘trɔpikl-s ə’vænə-’fɔrist]n.热带稀树草原deciduous forest [di’sidʒuəs-’fɔrist] n.落叶林Deciduous monsoon forest [di’sidʒuəs-mɔn’su:n-’fɔrist]n.落叶季雨林Temperate rain forest [‘tempərit-rein-’fɔrist]n.温带雨林Temperate evergreen forest [‘tempərit-’evəɡ ri:n-’f ɔrist]n.温带绿叶林subarctic [‘sʌb’ɑ:ktik] adj.亚寒带flowering tree [ˈflauəri:iŋ] [tri:]n.会开花的树 lumber [‘lʌmbə] n.木材lawn [lɔn]草坪grassland [‘ɡrɑ:slænd] n.草原meadow[ˈmedəu]n.草地；牧场 prairie [ˈpreəri]n.大草原；牧场 ranch [rɑ:ntʃ]n.大农场；大牧场shrub [ʃrʌb] =bush[brʌʃ] 灌木丛cluster[ˈklʌstəz]n.串，簇；群，组 vi.群集，丛生marsh[mɑ:ʃ]n.沼泽；湿地beach[bi:tʃ]n.海滩alpine region [‘ælpain-’ri:dʒən] n.高山区blossom[[ˈblɑ:səm]花群、开花root [ru:t]n. 根stem [stem] n.茎stalk[stɔk]杆petal [‘petl] n.花瓣。
TPO听力按学科分类词汇
对话场景词汇：A：OfficeHours办公时间—Student &Professor论文论文：thesisstatement论文陈述，中心句wanderofftopic[?w?nd?][?(:)f][?t?pik]v.跑题. lookoveradraftversion检查草拟版本catalog目录drawup得出结论疑难解答考试专业疑难解答：考试：re-take重修选课与作业(见选课和注册办公室)：birdcourse轻松的课transfer转系转专业enquiry[?n'kwa?ri]询问advisor?sapproval[?'pruvl]导师许可rigorous['r?ɡ？r?s]adj.严格的eligible['?l?d??bl]adj.合格的迟到或缺课：misssomebody?slecture缺课fillmeinsomething给我补课疑难解答：bulletinboard['bulitin]公告板schoolbulletin学校公告栏rushingagainsttheclock忙碌checkback回顾记录; 再联系申请申请与志愿：scholarship/fellowshipn.奖学金选课选课(见选课作业和注册办公室)：preparatory course[pri?p?r?t?ri][k?:s]n.预备课程：B：Service Encounter服务咨询-- Student & Officer Library:图书馆referenceroom n.资料室thereferencestacks[?ref?r?ns][st?ks]n.书库loancounter[l?un][?kaunt?]n.借书处loanperiod[l?un][?pi?ri?d]n.借书期限finevt.罚款/n.罚金charge=fee n.费用academics[??k??demik]a.学术journal[?d??:n?l]n.期刊paperback n.平装本literatureguide n.导读referenceguide[?ref?r?ns][gaid]n.参考指南publishedandunpublisheddata n.出版/未出版数据库precaution[pr?'k???n]n.预防Bookstore：书店storecredit[st?:][?kredit]n.商店退款；赊账购物retreat[ri?tri:t]n.退书Cafeteria：食堂restaurant/dining room[?da?n??][ru:m]n.餐厅deepfriedfood[di:p][fraid][fu:d]n.油炸食物Registrar’sOffice：注册办公室注册(见选课和考试选课作业)：fieldwork[fildw?k]/research[ri?s?:t?]n.实地研究academicrecordn.学业成绩financialaid 助学金facultyadvisor：指导老师生活指导facilitiesmanager：后勤经理auditorium[??:di?t?:ri?m]n.礼堂，会堂CounselingCenter：咨询中心银行和工资counselor [?kauns?l?]n.咨询员paycheck['peit?ek]n.薪水payroll[?peir?ul]n.工资单；薪水册CareerServices Office:就业服务办公室实习与打工：intern n.实习生career/jobfairn.招聘会advancement=promotion[pr??m?u??n]n.晋升CampusActivities.校园活动校内活动：offcampus 校外commute [k?'mj?t]v.通勤flyers[?flai?z]n.传单讲座学科词汇：讲座场景A--Art艺术Art艺术美术：fineart[fain][ɑ:t]n.美术academy[??k?d?mi]n.学院；研究院studio[?stju:di?u]n.工作室；画室salon[s??l?n]n.沙龙，美术展览馆theRenaissance[?r?n??zans]n.文艺复兴tribalart[?traib?l][ɑ:t]n.部落艺术abstractart [??bstr?kt][ɑ:t]n.抽象派avant-garde[,?v??'ɡɑ:d]n.前卫派realism[?ri?liz?m]n现实主义impressionism[?m?pre??n?z(?)m]n.印象主义impressionisticstyle[?m,pre??'n?st?k]印象派风格Dadaism.[?dɑ?d?iz?m]n.达达派，达达主义neoclassical[?ni??u kl?sik?l]adj.新古典主义的realistic[ri??listik]adj.现实主义的minimalist['m?n?m(?)l?st]n.简单抽象派艺术家precursor[pr?'k??s?]n.先驱figurehead['f?g?hed]名誉领袖critic['kr?t?k]n.批评家amateur[,?m?t?]n.业余艺术家oilpainting油画watercolor水彩画engraving[?n'gre?v??;en-]n.版画muralpainting['mj??r(?)l]/fresco['fresk??]n.壁画caveart[keiv][ɑ:t]n.洞穴壁画charcoaldrawing['t?ɑ?k??l]木炭画sketch[sket?]n.速写/素描caricature['k?r?k?tj??;'k?r?k?t???]n.漫画animatorn.漫画家panorama [p?n?'rɑ?m?] n.全景画sculpture[?sk?lpt??]n.雕塑statue['st?tju?;-t?u?]n.塑像bust[b?st]n.半身雕塑像sculptorn.雕塑家decoration[?dek??rei??n]=adornment[??d?:nm?nt]n.装饰品stainedglass[ste?nd`gl?s]n.彩色玻璃weaving[?wi?.v??]n.织动，编织mosaic[m?u?zei-ik]n.马赛克ceramics[si?r?miks]n.制陶术，制陶业reproduction/replica [ri?pr?'d?k?(?)n]['repl?k?]复制品brushstroke[br??][str?uk]n.一笔，绘画技巧texture[?tekst??]n.质地，纹理perspective[p?'spekt?v]透视画法brush[br??]n.画笔drawingboard画板canvas[?k?nv?s]n.画布，帆布indigo['?nd?g??]靛蓝layer[,lei?]n.垫片，层framing['fre?m??]n.装框paste[pe?st]v.裱糊scene[si:n]n.景色naturescene[?neit??][si:n]n.场景，景色landscape[?l?ndskeip]n.风景posture[?p?s t??]n.姿势facial[?fei??l]adj.面部的，表面的gesture [,d?est??] n.造型printingpress[?printi?][pres]n.印刷机lightproof[,laitpru:f]adj.不透光image[,imid?]n.影像prehistory[?pri?hist?ri]n.史前era[?i?r?]n.时代；年代；纪元season [,si:z?n]n.适合某种活动的季节,期间rank[r??k]v.分等级appeal[??pi:l]v.对……有吸引力makeaname[meik][?][?neim]v.出名，成名clergy[?kl?:d?i]n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣ChristianChurch:[?krist??n][t??:t?]n.基督教教会monastery[?m?n?stri]n.修道院；僧侣prayerbook [?pre?] [buk]n.祈祷书knight[nait]n.骑兵，骑士戏剧电影摄影：drama[,drɑ:m?]n.戏剧dramaturge[,dr?m??t?:d?]n.剧作家tragedy[,tr?d?idi]n.悲剧puppetshow[,p?pit-??u]n.木偶剧script[skript]n.剧本earlyversion[??:li][?v?:??n]n.早期版本theatricaltext[θi??trik?l-tekst] n.戏剧文本producer[pr??dju:s?]n.制片人film[film]n.=movie[?mu:vi]n.=motionpicture[?m?u??n][?pik t??]n.电影production[pr??d?k??n]n.作品，成品，电影制片director[di?rekt?]n.导演documentarist[?d?k j?ˋment?r?st]n.纪录片导演documentary [?d?kju?ment?ri]n.纪录片portray[p?:?trei]vt.描绘，扮演cast[kɑ:st]v.指定角色audition[?:?di??n] v.在试演中评估某一人物performer[p??f?:m?]n.表演者acrobat[,?kr?b?t]n.杂技演员juggler[,d??ɡl?]n. 玩杂耍的人mime[maim]n.滑稽演员，哑剧演员，丑角clown[klaun]n.小丑puppeteer[p?pi?ti?]n.演木偶戏的人pantomime[,p?nt?maim]n.哑剧表演minstrel[,minstr?l]n.诗歌演唱者audience [??:di?ns]n.观众，听众，读者theater[?θi?t?]n.=cinema[?sinim?]n.电影院scenery[,si:n?ri]n.舞台布景imitation[,imi?tei??n]n.道具costume[,k?stju:m]n.装束makeup[,meik?p]n.化妆品characteristic[?k?rikt??r istik]n.特征，特质stereotype:[?steri?taip]n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为hybrid[?haibrid]n.混合；混血narration [n??rei??n]n.叙事，讲述standard[?st?nd?d]n.标准framework[,freimw?:k]n.结构photography [f??t?gr?fi]n.摄影film[film]n.胶片expose[iks?p?uz]v.曝光，暴露exposure [iks?p?u??] n.曝光sensitizedpaper[,sensitaizd-'peip?]n.感光纸emulsion[i?m?l??n]n.感光乳剂high-tech[ha??t ek]n.高科技equipment[i?kwipm?nt]n.设备processing[pr?u?sesi?]n.处理entertain [,ent??tein]v.娱乐n??ve?t?(r)]n.改革者pioneer[?pai??n i?]n.先驱innovator[ˋ？inventor发明家mechanic[m?'k?n?k]机械工proprietor[pr?'pra??t?]业主feminist ['f?m?n?st]女权主义者humanitarian[hj?,m?n?'te?r??n]人道主义者apprentice[?'prent?s]学徒disciple[d?'sa?p(?)l]n.学徒crew[kru:]n.全体人员mortal['m??t(?)l]犯人renowned[ri?naund]adj.著名的householdadj.家庭的/家喻户晓的classicadj.经典的traditional[tr??di??n?l]adj.传统的immortal[?'m??t(?)l]adj.不朽的/神uniqueadj.唯一的/独特的versatile['v??s?t a?l]adj.（人）多才多艺的（物）多功能的innocent['?n?s(?)nt]adj.天真的/无罪的romantic adj.浪漫的oddadj.怪诞的/奇数的erratic[?'r?t?k]adj.奇怪的eccentric[?k'sentr?k;ek-]adj.古怪的weirdadj.怪异的/不可思议的emotionaladj.情绪的/情感的emotiveadj.感人的sentimental[sent?'ment(?)l]adj.感伤的/多愁善感的cheerlessadj.无精打采的/无生命力的clumsy['kl?mz?]adj.笨拙的rigid['r?d??d]adj.僵化的spare[spe?]adj.简朴的zigzag['z?gz?g]adj.曲折的symbolic[s?m'b?l?k]adj.象征性的contemplative[?k?n templeitiv]adj.沉思的；冥想的-]adj.讽刺的sarcastic[sɑ:?k?stik,sɑｒadj.真正的，真实的；可信的authentic[?:?θentik]accessible[?k?ses?b?l]adj.易接近的；可进入的；可理解的daydream[?de?dri?m]n.白日梦nightmare[?naitme?]n.噩梦音乐：Musicfolkmusic民间音乐hillbillymusic['h?lb?l?] 乡村音乐chambermusic[?t?eimb?] [?mju:zik]n.室内音乐symphony[?simf?ni]n. 交响乐Broadwaymusical:[?br?:dwei][?mju:zik?l]n.百老汇音乐剧musician[mju(:)?zi??n]n.音乐家composer[k?m?p?u z?]n.作曲家；作家critic[?kritik]n.评论家；批评者choir [?kwai?]n.合唱队chorus [?k?:r?s]=choir[?kwai?]n.合唱队noten.音符step[step]n.音级scale[skeil]n.音阶tone[t?un]n.音调pitch[pit?]n.音高volume[,v?lju:m] n.音量register[,red?ist?]n.音域solo['s??l??]独奏/独唱harmonyn.和声chord[k??d]n.和弦melody[?mel?di]n.旋律；歌曲rhythm['rie?m,'riθ？m]n.节奏韵律rhythmicpatterns['riemik-'p?t?nz]n.有节奏的模式notation[n?u?tei??n]n.谱号(musicalnotation:音乐记谱) score[sk?:]n.乐谱composition[,k?mp??zi??n]n.乐曲movementn.乐章lullaby['l?l?ba?]催眠曲sonata[s?'nɑ?t?]奏鸣曲serenade[ser?'ne?d]小夜曲vocalmusic声乐bandmusic/windmusic管乐orchestra [??:kistr?]n. 管弦乐队conducting指挥podium['p??d??m]指挥台accompaniment[?'k?mp(?)n?m(?)nt]n.伴奏musicalinstrument 乐器stringinstrument[stri?][?instrum?n t]n.弦乐器keyboardinstrument 键盘乐器percussioninstrument[p??k???n][?instrum?nt]n.打击乐器violin[?vai??lin]n.小提琴；小提琴手viola[vi??ul?]n.中提琴，中提琴演奏者cello [?t?el??] n.大提琴fhorn号；喇叭clarinet[kl?ri?net]n.单簧管；竖笛，黑管pounddrum击鼓formal[?f?:m?l]adj.正式的improvisational[??mpr?va?ˋze???n?l]adj.即兴的fanatical[f?'n?tikl]狂热的建筑：Architecturearchitect[?ɑ:kitekt]n.建筑师buildingtechnique建筑工艺craftingn.工艺；手工aesthetic[i:s?θetik]adj.美学的school[sku:l]n.学派guild[ɡild]n.协会design设计designelement设计元素nteriordesign[in?ti?ri?-di'zain]n.室内设计construct[k?n'str?kt]n.结构compactstructure[?k?mp?kt][?str?kt??]n.紧凑的结构component[k?m?p?un?nt]n.零件，构件composing[k?m'p?uzi?]n.组成tension[,ten??n]n.绷紧状态cube[kju?b]n.立方体facade[f??sɑ:d]n.（建筑物的）外立面，尤指正面alignment[??lainm?nt]n.直线排列parallel[,p?r?lel]adj.平行的fine[fain]adj.（区别）微小的；细微的flat[fl?t]adj.扁平的immense[i?mens]adj.极大的molten[,m?ult?n]adj.熔化的；熔融的archives['a:kaivz]档案馆planetarium[,pl?n?'te?r??m]天文馆aquarium[?'kwe?r??m]水族馆skyscraper[,skai?skreip?]n.摩天大楼officebuilding写字楼cabin['k?b?n]n.小木屋cathedral[k?'θi?dr(?)l]n.大教堂mosque[m?sk]清真寺castle['kɑ?s(?)l]n.城堡Gothic[,ɡ?θik]adj.哥特式的pyramid金字塔thestatueofliberty自由女神像thetriumphalarch[ɑ?t?]凯旋门celebrated[,selibreitid]adj.著名的roof[ru:f]n.屋顶dome [d?um]n.穹顶arch[ɑ:t?]n.拱（连柱的）ceiling [,si:li?]n.天花板marbleslab['mɑ?bl-sl?b]n.大理石板skeleton[,skelitn]n.框架结构整体框架steelgirder[sti:l][?g?:d?]n.钢梁metal-frame金属结构mat[m?t]n.垫子pedestal['pedist?l]n.基架，基座doorway[,d?:wei]n.门口corridor[,k?rid?:]n.走廊staircase[,st??k eis]n.楼梯electricelevator[i?lektrik-,eliveit?]n.电梯dwelling[,dwel??]n.住处，居住空间fountain[,fauntin]n.喷泉lamp[l?mp]n.灯chimney[,t?imni]n.烟囱drainer[,drein?]n.下水道装置,滤水器sewer[sju?]n.排水沟pipeline[,paiplain]n.管道，输送管道canal[k??n?l]n.运河timber[,timb?]n.木材splint[splint]n.薄木条lime[laim]n.石灰plaster[,plɑ:st?]n.石膏mortar[,m?:t?]n.砂浆,灰浆tile[tail]n.饰面砖，瓷砖fiber[,faib?]n.纤维hemp[hemp]n.大麻纤维newmaterial新材料prototype['pr??t?ta?p]n.原型portrait[,p?:trit] n.肖像sphinx[sf??ks]n.狮身人面像sculpt[sk?lpt]v.雕刻pastel[p?s?tel] n.彩色蜡笔画parchment[,pɑ:t?m?nt]n.羊皮纸decoration[?dek??r ei??n]=adornment[??d?:nm?nt]n.装饰品pour[p?:]v.浇注erect[i?rekt]v.竖立，建立hammer[,h?m?]v.锤打imold[m?uld]v.塑造cohere[k?u?hi?]v.粘合converge[k?n?v?:d?]v.聚合于，集中于一点span[sp?n]v.（桥、拱等）横跨fabricweaving[,f?brik-'wi?vi?]n.纺织，编织城市规划：City Planninglayout [?leiaut]n.布局downtown[?daun?taun]n.市中心suburb[?s?b?:b]n.郊外country=ruralarea[?k?ntri]=[?ru?r?l][???ri?]n.农村residentialarea[?rezi?den??l][???ri?]n.住宅区localresident[?l?uk?l][?rezid?nt]n.当地居民dweller[?dwel?]n.居民inhabitant[in?h?bit?nt]n.居民sidewalk[?saidw?:k]n.人行道pedestrianmall[pi?destri?n][m?:l]n.步行街off-limits[??f?l?m.?ts]n.禁区，禁止进入transportationhub[?tr?nsp?:?tei??n][h?b]n.中转港busterminal[b?s][?t?:min?l]n.公车终点站facilitate[f??siliteit]v.提供便利privatelyowned[,praivitli-?und]adj.私有的publiclyowned[,p?blikli:-?und]adj.公有的publicutility[,p?blik-ju?tiliti]n.公用事业vehicle[,vi:ikl]n.交通工具parkingarea/lot[?pɑ?ki?][???ri?]/[l?t]=carpark[k=stoppingplace[?st?pi?][p leis]n.停车场automobile[??:t?m?ubi:l]=car[kɑ:]=vehicle[?vi:ik?l]n.汽车subwaystation[?s?bwei][?stei??n]=underground[??nd??graun d]n.地铁文学：Literaturecreategenre[???nr?]n.文体fairytale[?fe?.ri.te?l]n.童话；神话folktale[f?ulk][teil]n.民间故事mythology[mi?θ？l?d?i]n.神话；神话学；神话集allegory[??liɡ?ri]n.寓言legend[?led??nd]n.传说novel[?n?v?l]=fiction[?fik??n]n.小说sciencefiction[?sai?ns][?fik??n]n.科幻小说prosen.=essay[?esei]n.散文descriptiveprose[d?'skr?pt?v] 描写性散文narrative prose ['n?r?t?v]叙述性散文poetry[?p?uitri]=poem[?p?u im]n.诗歌autobiography[??t?b a?'?gr?f?]n.人物传记charactersketch [?k?rikt?][sket?]n.素描，人物速写”lyrics[?liriks]n.抒情诗ballad ['b?l?d]民谣proverb ['pr?v??b]谚语editorial[?edi?t?:ri?l]n. 社论type[taip]n.类型style[stail]n.风格works[w?:ks]n.作品author[??:θ？]n.作者storytellers[?st??ri?tel?]n.说故事的人satirist['s?t?r?st]讽刺作家biographer[ba?'?ɡr?f?]自传作家imagist['imid?ist]意象派诗人troubadour[?tru?b?du?]n.行吟诗人literacy[?lit?r?si]n.读写能力；精通文学literarycriticism文学批评literarystudies文学研究comment [?k?ment]n.评论schoolsofliterature文学流派realism['r??l?z(?)m]现实主义surrealism[s?'r??l?z(?)m]超现实主义modernism['m?d(?)n?z(?)m]现代主义aestheticism[i?s'θet?s?z(?)m;es-]唯美主义character[?k?rikt?]n.人物,角色，性格leadingcharacter主人公major/maincharacter[?meid??]/ [mein][?k?rikt?]=roundc haracter[raund][?k?rikt?]n.主角minorcharacters[?main?][?k?rikt?]=flatcharacter[fl?t][?k ?rikt?]n.配角characters?personalities[?k?rikt?s][?p?:s??n?liti]n.人物个性people?strait[?pi:plz][treit]n.人物特质modeln.人物原型stereotype:[?steri?taip]n.刻板印象，成见，定型行为background[?b?kgraund]n.背景setting[?seti?]n.场景prelude['prelju?d]序曲prologue['pr??l?g]n.序言mainplot[pl?t]n主要情节obligatoryscene[??blig??t?ri][si:n]n.必须的情节incident[?insid?nt]n.事件.ending[?endi?]=denouement [dei?nu:mɑ?]n.结局quotation[kw?u?tei??n]n.引用语fortune[?f?:t??n?t]n.命运，运气servant[?s?:v?nt]n.仆人master[?mɑ:st?]n.主人royalty[?r?i?lti]n.皇室prince[?prins]n.王子princess[?prin?ses]n.公主knight[nait]n.骑兵，骑士chivalry[??iv?lri]n.侠气，骑士精神clergy[?kl?:d?i]n.神职人员；牧师；僧侣religion[ri?lid??n]n.宗教；宗教信仰ChristianChurch:[?krist??n][t??:t?]n.基督教教会museum[mju(:)?zi?m]n.博物馆entertainment[?ent??teinm?nt]=recreation[?rekri?ei??n]=amuse ment[??mju:zm?nt]n.娱乐formula[?f?:mjul?]n.准则，公式universaltruth[?ju:ni?v?:s?l][tru:θ]n.真理theinciting[e?][in?saiti?]n.刺激logical[?l?d?ik?l]adj.合乎逻辑的appreciate[??pri:?ieit]vt.欣赏戏剧（见艺术电影摄影）：drama[?drɑ:m?]=theater[?θi?t?]=play[plei]n.戏剧opera[??p?r?]n.歌剧well-madeplay[wel][meid][plei]n.佳构剧comedy[?k?midi]n.喜剧portray[p?:?trei]vt.描绘舞蹈：Danceballet[b??le?]n.芭蕾舞toeshoe[ˋt???u?]n.芭蕾舞鞋choreography[?k?ri??gr?fi]n.编舞choreographer[,k?ri'?ɡr?f?]舞蹈编排家讲座场景B--SocialScience 社会科学考古：ArchaeologyStoneAge石器时代Paleolithic [,p?l???'l?θ？k]旧石器时代的the Paleolithic period/age [e?][?p?li?u?liθik][?pi?ri?d]/ [eid?]=theOld/lateStoneAge[e?][?uld]/[leit][st?un][eid?]n.旧石器时代Mesolithic [?m?s???l?θ？k]中石器时代的Neolithic[?ni????l?θ？k]新石器时代的theNeolithicperiod/age[e?][?ni:?u?liθik][?pi?ri?d]/[eid?]=Newstoneage [nju:][st?un] [eid?]n.新石器时代BronzeAge[br?nz]（青）铜器时代IronAge铁器时代primitive [?primitiv]n.原始人，adj原始的ancestor[??ns?s t?]祖先caveman山顶洞人nomad [?n?um?d]n.游牧民clan[kl?n]氏族tribe[tra?b]部落alliance[??lai?ns]=federation[?fed??r ei??n]n.联盟homogeneous[?h??m??d?i?n??s?h?m-]同一种族（种类）的archeologist[,ɑ:ki'?l?d?ist]考古学家antiquity [?n?t?kw?t?]古代，古老ancientcivilization[,s?v?l?'ze??n]古代文明grave=tomb[greiv]=[tu:m]n.坟墓ruins [?ru??n]遗迹，废墟remains[r?'me?nz]遗产/遗骸skull[sk?l]颅骨cranial['kre?n??l]颅骨的historicalrelic [his?t?rik?l] [?relik]n.遗迹culturalrelics['r?liks]文物relic [?r?l?k]遗物，文物antique[?n'ti?k]古物/古董artifact[?ɑ?t??f?kt]手工艺品utensil[ju:?tens?l]n.餐具，炊具cookingcontainer [?kuki?][k?n?tein?]n.容器canoe[k??nu:]独木舟obsidian[?b?sidi?n]n.黑曜石covert['k?v?t]n.隐藏处shelter[??elt?]n.庇护所religion[ri?lid??n]n.宗教ritual[,rit?u?l]n.（宗教）仪式originate[??r?d???n e?t]起源于inhabit[in?h?bit]vt.居住于bury[?beri]v.埋葬excavate/unearthv.挖掘excavation[?eksk??vei??n]n.挖掘历史：Historyera [?i?r?]n.时代；年代；纪元prehistory[?pri?hist?r i]n.史前ancientRome/Greek [?ein??n t] [r?um]/[gri:k]n.古罗马/希腊medieval[,medi'i:v?l,]adj.中世纪Europe[?ju?r?p]n.欧洲Britain [?brit?n]n.英国Italy[?it?li]n.意大利Rome(Roma) [r?um]n.罗马Greek [gri:k]n.希腊Egypt[?i:d?ipt]n.埃及France [?fr?ns]n.法国Germany [?d??:m?ni] n.德国Spain [spein]n.西班牙Turkey[?t?:ki]n.土耳其（Turkish）Netherlands[?nee?l?ndz]=Holland[?h?l?nd]n.荷兰（Dutch荷兰人）Canada[?k?n?d?]n.加拿大（Canadian[k??neidi?n]n.加拿大人）MountRushmore 拉什莫尔山（位于美国南达科他州）总统山；人类学：Anthropologyecologicalanthropologist [?i?k??l?d??k?l]生态人类学家p?l?d??st]人类学家anthropologist[??nθr??p?l?d??]古人类学家paleoanthropologist[?p?l?????nθr??psychologicalanthropologist [?sa?k??l?d??k?l]心理人类学家Native American[?neitiv][??merik?n]n.美洲原住民，印第安人patriarchal[,peitri'ɑ:k?l]adj.家长的/族长的哲学：Philosophyphilosophy[fi'l?s?fi,f?-]n.哲学；哲理；人生观Aristotle?sethicaltheory[??rist?tlz] [?eθik?l][?θi?ri]n.伦理学AncientGreekphilosopher [?ein??nt][gri:k][fi?l?s?f?]n.古希腊哲学家Socrates[?s?kr?ti:z]苏格拉底；Plato[?pleit?u]柏拉图；Aristotle[??rist?tl]亚里士多德ideology [?a?d???l?d??]意识形态intellect['int?lekt]n.智力，理解力；知识分子；思维逻辑领悟力；智力高的happiness[?h?pinis]n.幸福fame[feim]n.名声，名望external[ik'st?:n?l]adj.外部的；表面的optimism['?ptimiz?m]n.乐观；乐观主义心理学：Psychologybaby[?beibi]=infant[?inf?nt]=nursling[?n??sli?]n.婴儿kid[kid]n.儿童teenager[?ti:neid??]n.十三至十九岁的人youngpeople[j??][?pi:pl]n.年轻人adult[??d?lt]n.成年人oldpeople[?uld][?pi:pl]=theaged[e i:][eid?d]=elderlypeople[ ?eld?li][?pi:pl]=seniorcitizens[?si:ni?][?sitiz?nz]老年人mature[m??tju?]vt.使成熟majority[m??d??r?t?]n.多数人minority[ma??n?r?t?m?-]n.少数人conformity[k?n?f??m?t?]n.从众individual[?indi?vid?u?l]n.个体，个人self-reliance[,self-ri?lains]n.依靠自己，自立participate[pɑ:?tisipeit]v.参与behaviorism[b??h e?v??r?z(?)m]n.行为主义psychoanalysis[?saik?u??n?lisis]n.精神分析egocentric[?i:g?u?sentrik]adj.自我中心的；利己主义的mentalprocesses:[?mentl][?pr?u ses]n.心理历程mental[?mentl]心理的founder[?faund?]n.创始人Archimedes[?ɑ?ki?mi?di?z]n.阿基米德mentalprocess[?mentl][?pr?u ses]n.思维过程thought[θ？:t]n.思想，想法cognition[k?ɡ？ni??n]n.认识cognitivecapacity[?k?gnitiv][k??p?siti]n.认知能力ideomotor action[?aidi??m?ut?] [??k??n]n.意识，观念运动motivation[,m?uti'vei??n]n.动机；积极性；推动intention[in?ten??n]n.意图，目的intuitive[in?tju:itiv]adj.直觉的hypotheses[hai?p?θisis]n.假定；臆测conscience[?k?n??ns]n.道德心，良心virtuous['v?:t?u?s]adj.善良的；有道德的curiosity[?kju?ri??siti]n.好奇心generous[?d?en?r?s]adj.慷慨的，大方identity[ai?dentiti]n.身份；同一性fame[feim]n.名声，名望spiritual[?s p?r?tj??l]心灵的soul[s?ul]n.灵魂；心灵physical [?f?z?k?l]身体的，物质的，物理的behavior[bi'heivj?]n.行为，举止；habit[?h?bit]n.习惯muscle[?m?s?l]n.肌肉sign language[sain][?l??gwid?]n.手语，符号语音ut]n.喉咙，嗓子throat[θr?laryngeal[l??rind?i?l]adj.喉部larynx[?l?ri?ks]=voice box[v?is][b?ks]喉头subjective[s?b?d?e ktiv]adj.主观的objective[?b?d?e ktiv]adj.客观的positive/negativeelectrode[?p?z?tiv]/[?neg?tiv][??lektr??d]正/负电极迷宫maze[meiz]=labyrinth[?l?b?rinθ]n.questionnaire[?kwest???ne?]n.问卷subject[?s?b d??kt]n.受实验对象缺点obsession[?b?se??n]n.困disadvantage[?dis?d?vɑ:ntid?]n.扰deaf[def]adj.聋的blind[blaind]adj.盲abnormal[?b?n?:m?l]adj.反常的distracted[di?str?kt]adj.心烦意乱的childamnesia[t?aild][?m?ni:zi?]n儿童健忘症，记忆缺失语言学：linguistics[li??gwistiks].语言学Proto-Indo-European:[pr??.t??-][??nd??][ju?r??pi:?n] n.原始印欧语grammar[?gr?m?]n.语法verb[v?:b]v.动词noun[naun]n.名词adjective[??d?iktiv]n.形容词经济学Economics商业Businessmerchant[?m?:t??nt]n.商人adman[??dm?n]n.广告人bidder[?bid?]n.投标者client[?klai?nt]n.客户potentialcustomer[p??ten??l][?k?st?m?]n.潜在客户skilledlabor[skild][?leib?]n.熟练工人businessowner=employer[?biznis][??un?]=[im?pl?i?]老板businessconference[?biznis][?k?nf?r?ns]=seminar[?seminɑ：]n.会议industrialrevolution [in?d?stri?l][?rev??l u:??n]n.工业革命，产业革命industry[?ind?stri]n.产业，工业infrastructure[?infr??str?kt??]n.基础设施industrycluster:[?ind?stri][?kl?st?]n.产业集群alliance[??lai?ns]=federation[?fed??r ei??n]n.联盟collaborate[k??l?b?reit]vi.合作；协作urbanization[???b?nai?zei??n]n.都市化prosper[?pr?sp?]vi.繁荣flourish['flauri?]n.兴旺；茂盛affluence['?fl??ns]n.富裕，富足poverty[?p?v?ti]n.贫困boomandbust[bu:m][?nd][b?st]繁荣与萧条collapse[k??l?ps]n./vt.崩溃outofbusiness歇业，破产outofwork[aut][?v,?,?v][w?:k]n.失业GreatDepression[greit][di?pre??n]n.大萧条dotcomcrash[e?][d?t?k?m][kr??]n.互联网泡沫tulip mania[?tju:lip][?meini?]n.狂热irrational[i?r???n?l]adj.不理性的sophisticated[s?'f?st?ke?t?d]adj.世故的，老练的；复杂的，尖端的speculation[?spekju?lei??n]n.投机conflict[k?n'flikt,'k?nflikt]n.冲突variation[?ve?ri?ei??n]n.变种panic[?p?nik]n.恐慌consumerism[k?n'sju?m?r?z(?)m]n.消费主义gardening=horticulture[?ɡɑ?dn??]=[?h?:ti?k?lt??]n.园艺remotemountainous region[ri?m?ut][?mauntin?s][?ri:d??n]n.偏远山区brand=trademark[br?nd]=[?treidmɑ:k]n.品牌，商标product[?pr?d?kt]n.产品commodity[k??m?diti]n.商品luxury[?l?k??ri]n.奢侈品specimen[?spes?m?n]n.样本service[?s?:vis]n.服务nativeto[?neitiv][tu]原产至statistics[st??tistiks]n.统计学hailfrom[heil][fr?m]来自于，出产于retail[?ri:teil,ri?teil]n.v.零售promissorynote[?pr?mis?ri][n?ut]n.本票revenue[?revinju:]=income[?ink?m]n.收入disposableincome[di'sp?uz?bl][?ink?m]-money[?m?ni]n.可支配收入percapita [p??k?p?t?]人均subsistencelevel收支平衡的生活水平subsistence[s?b's?st(?)ns]n.存活，生活annualbudget[??nju?l] [?b?d?it]n.年度预算borrowing[?b?r?ui?]n.借款bank loan[b??k][l??n]银行贷款interest['intrist,'int?r-]利息check[t?ek]支票；收据；账单cost[k?st]n.成本rent[rent]n.租金tax[t?ks]n.税金profit[?pr?fit]n.利润withdraw[w?e'dr??]从银行账户中提款annualbudget[??nju?l][?b?d?it]n.年度预算taxincentive[t?ks][in?sentiv]n.税收优惠federal subsidy[?fed?r?l] [?s?bsidi]=financialassistance[f??n?n??l][??sist?ns]n.财政资助//补贴foundation[faun?dei??n]=fund [f?nd]n.基金会theNationalEndowmentfortheArtsfoundation[e?][?n???n(?)l][in?daum?nt][f?][e?][ɑ？t s]n.美国艺术基金会gold[g?uld]n.金子（区：goal目标）monetary[?m?nit?ri]adj.货币的，财政的commercial[k??m?:??l]adj.商业的；营利的guarantee[?g?r?n?ti:]v.担保mortgage[?m?:gid?]n./vt.抵押auction[??:k??n]n./vt.拍卖ns?]n.赞助人patronagepatron[?peitr?n]=sponsor[?sp?[?p?tr?n?d?]n.资助，赞助masscommunications[m?s][k??mju:ni?kei??nz]大众传播工具media[?mi:di?]=communication[k??mju:ni?kei??n]n.媒体advertisement[?d?v?:tism?nt]n.广告advertisingplan[??dv?taizi?][pl?n]n.广告策划billboard[?bilb??d]n.公告牌slogan[?sl?u g?n]n.标语；呐喊声targetagegroup[?tɑ:git][eid?][gru:p]n.目标年龄群市场调查marketresearch/survey[?mɑ:kit][ri?s?:t?]/[?s?:vei]社会学：Sociologymeme[mi:m]n.文化基因longevity[l?n?d?e viti]n.寿命fecundity[fiˋk?nd?t?]n.繁殖力，复制能力fidelity[fi?deliti]n.保真度，精准accuracy['?kjur?si]n.[数]精确度，准确性calendar['k?lind?]n.日历；[天]历法；Jupiter['d?u:pit?]n.[天]木星；朱庇特（罗马神话中的宙斯神）monumental[,m?nju'ment?l]adj.不朽的；纪念碑的；非常的enormous[i'n?:m?s]adj.庞大的，巨大的；凶暴的，极恶的政治类：PoliticsAmericanRevolution美国革命/独立战争IndependenceWar美国独立战争AmericanCivilWar美国内战theSecondWorldWar第二次世界大战military [?m?l?t?r?-tr?]adj.军事的warrior['w?ri?,'w?:-]n.战士fiftystates55个州federalsystem[?f?d?r?l]联邦制Congress[?k??gr?s]美国国会Senate[?s?n?t]参议院Democrats[?d?m??kr?t]民主党Republicans[r??p?bl?k?n]共和党election[??l?k??n]选举vote[v??t]投票veto[?vi?t??]否决council[?kauns?l]n.委员会legislation[?l?d??s?le???n]立法constitution[?k?nst??tju???n]宪法justice['d??stis]n.司法，法律制裁diplomat[?dipl?m?t]n.外交官bureaucracy[bju?r?kr?si]n.官僚主义anarchism[??n??k?z?m]n.无政府主义centralized ['sentr?laizd]adj.中央集权的radical[?r?d?k?l]adj.激进的,根本的patriotic[,p?tri'?tik]adj.爱国的inspire[in'spai?]vt.激发；鼓舞；release [r??li?s]v.释放colonize[?k?l??na?z]v.拓殖，殖民immigrant[??m?gr?nt]n.移民socialstatus[,s?u??l-?steit?s]n.社会地位讲座场景C—LifeScience生命科学动物学：biology[ba?'ɑl?d?i]生物学speciology[?spi:?i'?l?d?i]n.物种学zoology[z?u??l?d?i]n.动物学microbiology[,ma?kroba?'ɑl?d?i]微生物学marinebiology 海洋生物学entomology[?ent??m?l?d?i]n.昆虫学ornithology[,?rn?'θɑl?d?i]n.鸟类学cellbiology[sel-bai??l?d?i]n.细胞生物学biochemist[,bai?u?kemist]n.生物化学家paleontologist[,peili?n?t?l?d?ist]n.古生物学者creature[?kri:t??]n.生物organism[??:g?niz?m]n.有机物，微生物microbe['ma?krob]微生物plankton['pl??kt?n]浮游生物invertebrate[in?v?:tibr?t]n.无脊椎动物vertebrate[?v?:t?br?t,-?bret]脊椎动物amphibian[?m?fibi?n]n.两栖动物reptile[?reptail]n.爬行动物herbivore['h?:bi?v?:]n.食草动物herbivorous:[h?:?biv?r?s]a.食草的，草食的carnivore['kɑrn?v?r]食肉动物omnivorous[am?niv?r?s]a.杂食的ruminant[?ru:min?nt]n.反刍动物mollusk [,m?l?sk] n.软体动物land creature [l?nd][?kri:t??]陆地生物cold[k?uld]bloodanimal[bl?d][??nim?l]n.冷血动物warm[w?:m] bloodanimal[bl?d][??nim?l]n.热血动物mammal['m?m?l]n. [脊椎]哺乳动物primates[?pra?m?ts]灵长目动物endangeredspecies濒危动物species[?spi:?i:z]n.物种breed[bri:d]n.品种monogamous一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polyandrous[,pɑl?'?ndr?s]一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的polygamous[p?'l?g?m?s]一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的community[k??mjun?ti]动物的群落或人的部落flock[flɑk]（牛、羊等）群herd[h?d]兽群hordes/swarms [h?rd]/[sw?rm]（昆虫等）群生理生化：respiratory system[ris?pai?r?t?ri-'sist?m]n.呼吸系统digestivesystem消化系统nervesystem[n?:v]n.神经系统circulatory['s?kj?l?t?ri]system 循环系统hormonal[h?r'monl]system内分泌系统reproductivesystem生殖系统、urinarysystem 泌尿系统immunesystem[i?mju:n][?sist?m]n.免疫系统motorsystemn.运动系统breed [brid](名词)品种，（动词）繁殖multiply/reproduce['m?lt?pla?]/[,ripr?'dus]繁殖offspring [??f?spri?]n.后代crossbreed['kr?:sbri:d]v.（使）杂交sperm [sp?:m]n.精子spawn[sp?n]（鱼、虾、蛙等）孵fertilizer[?f?tl?a?z?]使…受精n.肥料unfertilizedegg[?n'f??t?l a?zd]未受精卵fertilizedegg[,f?:tilaizd-eg]n.受精卵pregnant[?pregn?n t]a.怀孕的emb ryo[,embri?u]n.胚胎hatchling['h?t?li?]n.刚孵化的幼体incubation[,??kju'be??n]孵化fledglings[?fled?li?]n.雏鸟cell[sel]n.细胞.蜂房cytoplasm[,sait?pl?z?m]n.细胞质cellmembrane[sel-'mem?brein]n.细胞膜cellwall[sel-w??l]n.细胞壁nucleus[,nju:kli?s]n.细胞核organelle[?:ɡ??nel]n.细胞器skincells[skin][selz]n.皮肤细胞nervecells[n?:v][selz]n.神经细胞unicellular[,ju:ni?seljul?]adj.单细胞的multicellular [,m?lti?seljul?]adj.多细胞的renewing[ri'nju:i?]n.更新metabolism[m??t?b?liz?m]n.新陈代谢hormone[?h?:m?un]n.激素，荷尔蒙insulin[,insjulin]n.胰岛素secretion[si?kri:??n]n.分泌，分泌物anatomy[??n?t?mi]n.人体解剖organ[??:g?n]n.器官vestige[?v?st?d?]n.退化器官liver[,liv?]n.肝脏lung[l??]n.肺kidney[,kidni]n.肾stomach['st?m?k]n.胃pancreas['p??kr??s]n.胰tissue[?ti?u:,-sju:]n.组织vessel[,ves?l]n.血管tendon[,tend?n] n.腱membrane[,membrein]n.膜gland[ɡl?nd]n.腺digestivegland[ɡl?nd]消化腺digestiveenzyme消化酶tentacle[,tent?kl]n.触角，触须jaw[d??:]n.颌,颚tongue[t??]n.舌头valve[v?lv]n.瓣膜skeletal['skelit?l]adj.骨骼的vertebra[,v?:tibr?]n.脊椎骨=spinal['spa?nl]cord脊椎rib[rib]n.肋骨fingerprint['fi?g??print]n.指纹nail[neil]n.指甲division [di?vi??n]n.部分beak[bi:k]n.喙，（鹰等的）嘴bill[b?l]（鸟）嘴tooth[tu:θ］-teeth[ti:θ]n.牙齿toothless[?tuθl?s]adj.无齿的compoundeye[k?m?paund][ai]n.复眼fin[fin]n.鱼鳍scale[skeil]n.鱼鳞forelimb[,f?:lim] n.前肢limb[lim]n.肢，臂；分支wing[wi?]n.翅膀feather [?fee?]n.羽毛tail[teil]n.尾卫生与疾病：hygiene['ha?d?in]卫生hygienic[hai?d?i:nik]adj.卫生学的（hygiene[,haid?i:n]卫生学）sanitation[,s?n?'te??n]公共卫生；卫生设施disease[di?zi:z]n.疾病diagnose[,dai?ɡn?uz]v.诊断drug[dr?ɡ]n.药物medicine[,medisin]n.医学，药dentalclinic牙医诊所surgeon['s??d?(?)n]n.外科医生virus [,vai?r?s]n.病毒fungi[,f?nd?ai]n.真菌类yeast[jist]酵母（菌）parasite['p?r?sa?t]寄生虫parasitic [?p?r??s itik]a.寄生的，寄生虫的inflection传染/感染paralysis[p??r?lisis]n.麻痹,瘫痪cardiac[,kɑ:di?k]adj.心脏(病)的antibiotic [??ntibai??tik]n.抗生素antibody [,?nti?b?di] n.抗体vaccine[,v?ksi:n]n.疫苗fungicide[,f?nd?isaid]n.杀真菌剂营养学：nutrient[,nju:tri?nt]n.营养物质calorie [?k?l?ri]卡路里（热量单位）protein[,pr?uti:n]n.蛋白质starch淀粉glucose[,ɡlu:k?us]n.葡萄糖carbohydrate(starch)碳水化合物（淀粉）vitamin[?vit?min,vai-]n.维生素，维他命malnutrition[?m?lnju?tri??n]n.营养不良，营养不足decaffeinated[di:'k?fineitid]adj.不含咖啡因toxic[,t?ksik]adj.有毒的toxin毒素植物学：botany 植物学botanical/botanic植物学的botanist[,b?t?nist] n.植物学家herb [h?:b]n.草本植物parasiteplant['?rɡ?n]寄生植物aquatic['?nju?l]plant水生植物horticulture[?h?rt??k?lt??]园艺学system系统forest[,f?rist]n.森林jungle [?d???g?l]n.热带丛林tropicalrainforest[,tr?pikl-rein-?f?rist]n.热带雨林Tropicalsavannaforest[,tr?pikl-s??v?n?-?f?rist]n.热带稀树草原deciduousforest[di?sid?u?s-?f?rist]n.落叶林Deciduousmonsoonforest[di?sid?u?s-m?n?su:n-?f?rist]n.落叶季雨林Temperaterainforest[,temp?rit-rein-?f?rist]n.温带雨林Temperateevergreenforest[,temp?r it-?ev?ɡr i:n-?f?rist]n.温带绿叶林subarctic[,s?b?ɑ:ktik]adj.亚寒带flowering tree [?flau?ri:i?][tri:]n.会开花的树lumber[,l?mb?]n.木材lawn[l?n]草坪草原meadow[?med?u]n.草地；牧场grassland[,ɡrɑ:sl?nd]n.prairie[?pre?ri]n.大草原；牧场ranch[rɑ:nt?]n.大农场；大牧场shrub[?r?b]=bush[br??]灌木丛cluster[?kl?st?z]n.串，簇；群，组vi.群集，丛生marsh[mɑ:?]n.沼泽；湿地beach[bi:t?]n.海滩alpineregion[,?lpain-?ri:d??n]n.高山区blossom[[?blɑ:s?m]花群、开花root[ru:t]n.根stem[stem]n.茎stalk[st?k]杆petal[,petl]n.花瓣bud[b?d]花蕾column['kɑl?m]花柱pistil[,pistil]n.雌蕊stamen[,steimen]n.雄蕊wither/shrivel/fade凋谢seed[si:d]n.种子germinate[?d??:mineit]vi.发芽.shoot(sprout)[?ut][spra?t]嫩芽，抽枝rhizome['raiz?um]n.根茎，根状茎，地下茎trunk[tr??k]树干bark[bɑrk]树皮crown[kraun]n.树冠canopy [,k?n?pi] n.天篷：树林中最上面一层branch[br?nt?]树枝twig [tw?ɡ]小树枝leaf [li:f]（leaves复）n.叶子leaflet['lifl?t]小叶peel(skin)[pil]果皮husk[h?sk]（干）果壳/（玉米）苞叶shell(硬)[??l]果壳barren['b?r?n]贫瘠的；不生育的pesticide[?pestisaid]n.农药|杀虫剂insecticide[in'sektisaid]n.杀虫剂，农药granary(grain store) ['gr?n?ri]粮仓annual 一年一生的perennial[p?'r?n??l]多年一生的rosette[ro'z?t]（叶的）丛生mutualism[,mju:tju?liz?m,?mju:t?u?liz?m]n.共生symbiosis[?simbi??usis]n.共生，共生关系symbiotic[,simbai??tik]adj.共生的考过的动物：reptile[?reptail]n.爬行动物rodent[?r?ud?nt]n.啮齿动物gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee[?t?imp?n?zi:]n.黑猩猩baboon[b?'bu:n]n.狒狒anthropoid[??nθr?p?id]a.类人猿的beast[bist]野兽wolf[wulf]n.狼cheetah['t?it?]猎豹bear[b??]vt.熊lions[?lai?n]n.狮子rat [r?t]=mouse[maus]（复数mice）n.鼠squirrel[?skwir?l]n.松鼠kangaroo[?k??g??ru:]n.袋鼠marmot['mɑ:m?t]n.土拨鼠chipmunk[?t?ipm??k]n.花栗鼠meerkat['mi?k?t]n.猫鼬elephant[?elif?nt]n.大象mammoth[?m?m?θ]n.猛犸象，长毛象cattle[?k?tl]n.牛bison['baisn]n.美洲野牛buffalo[?b?f?l?u]n.水牛rhinoceros[rai'n?s?r?s]n.犀牛zebra[?zi:br?,?ze:-]n.斑马hippopotamuses[?hip??p?t?m?s]=hippo['hip?u]n.河马deer[di?]n.鹿camel[?k?m?l]n.骆驼antelope['?nt?lop]羚羊rabbit[?r?bit]n.兔子pigeon[?pid?i n]n.鸽子crow[kr?u]n.乌鸦eagle[?i:gl]n.鹰hawk[h?:k]n.鹰owl[aul]n.猫头鹰songbird[,s??b?:d]n.鸣禽hummingbird[?h?mi?b?:d]n.蜂鸟bat[b?t]n.蝙蝠colubrid[?kɑl?br?d,?kɑlj?-]n.无毒蛇类venomoussnake[?ven?m?s][sneik]n.有毒的蛇dinosaur[?dain?s?:]n.恐龙Tyrannosaurusrex[tai?r?n?'s?:r?s][reks]n.霸王龙alligator[??ligeit?]= crocodile[?kr?k?dail]n.鳄鱼turtle['t?tl]龟snake[sneik]n.蛇frog[fr?g]n.青蛙chameleon变色龙lizard[?liz?d]n.蜥蜴snail[sneil]n.蜗牛penguin[?pe?gwin]n.企鹅otter[??t?]n.水獭shrimp[?rimp]n.虾crayfish [,kreifi?]n.龙虾clam[kl?m]n.蛤crab[kr?b]n.螃蟹coral[?k?r?l]n.珊瑚beaver[?bi:v?]n.海狸dolphin[?d?lfin]n.海豚starfish[?stɑr?f??]n.海星octopus['?kt?p?s]n.章鱼whale[hweil]n.鲸鱼eel[i:l]n.鳗鱼flounder[,flaund?]n.比目鱼squid[skwid]n.鱿鱼jellyfish[,d?elifi?]n.水母oyster[,?ist?]n.牡蛎sponge[sloθ］海绵insect[?insekt]n.昆虫bug[b?ɡ]n.虫子worm[w?m]虫/蠕虫。
TPO听力全套难度分级目录】
folk tales and fairy tales, communal, Grimm Brother bat, avoid predator, detect tough texture, pine needles glacier movement, friction reduced, lubricant, brittle-warmer, move fast and can see on spot birds choice of habitat, less competition eEldeimopehnut s4k3o,ng,aspt,argaedsioeattcitnigver,edseecmabylfearsetal landscape,save travelling expenditure, take painted storms as real ones Alaska tundra,permafrost, shallow root Empty Quarter, limestone, two periods, recent lakes and ancient lakes,sanddunes, particles form pan only human have language,coyote,discreteness, productive whales evloved from land animals, hippo, pakistan fossils potato tomato transfer from Mexico to Europe, power center shift from south to north eary memory of babies, Piaget's theory, 9 months baby has memory birds' parenting, distraction display, fake as wounded,protect youth wetland turned into dry farmland in Florida,climate change, El Nino
托福听力学科分类(完全修正版)
托福听力学科分类（完全修正版）TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECTS NO. BIOLOGY/Animal Behavior/Botany/ZoologyTPO04Lecture1Displacement Activity Animal Behavior1TPO11Lecture1Distraction Display Animal Behavior2TPO16Lecture3Animal's Decision Making Processes Animal Behavior3TPO08Lecture1Active Habitat Selection Animal Behavior4OG7est2Page376Dolphin Communication Animal Behavior5TPO24Lecture1Crocodile Vocalization Animal Behavior6TPO25Lecture4Animal Play Animal Behavior7TPO28Lecture2Mirror Self-Recognition Animal Behavior8TPO17Lecture4Defense Mechanism of Octopus Animal&Enviornment9TPO14Lecture2Microclimate Animal&Enviornment10 TPO15Lecture4Hydrothermal Vents Animal&Enviornment11 TPO01Lecture4Eastern Marmots&Olympic Marmots Animal&Enviornment12 TPO18Lecture4North American Wood Frog Animal&Enviornment13TPO20Lecture4 TPO07Lecture2Snowshoe HareBats'Use of UltrasoundAnimal&EnviornmentAnimal&Enviornment1415TPO22Lecture3The Sixth Mass Extinction w16 TPO27Lecture3Sauropod Zoology17 OG Testi Page266Root System18 TPO02Lecture2Manila Hemp19 TPO06Lecture2Nightcap Oak20 TPO34Lecture3Relationship between Plant and itsPollinator21 TPO28Lecture Plants'Photoreceptors22 TPO19Lecture3Spartina23 TPO10Lecture1Whale Evolution24 TPO23Lecture3Dolphins Marine25 TPO31Lecture3Coral Reefs&Cot Starfish—IQ.'26 TPO27Lecture1Coral Reefs27 TPO25Lecture1Assisted Migration Conservation Biology28 TPO12Lecture1Cell Division Biology29 TPO21Lecture3Snake Evolution Biology30 TPO26Lecture2Carbon Cycling Biology31 TPO32Lecture2Changes in Animal Population in theWildBiology32 TPO33Lecture3Notothenioids Biology33TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECT NO. ARTTPO01Lecture1Rose Frantzen(Artist)Contemporary Art1 TPO03Lecture2Jean Painleve(Artist)Film History2 TPO09Lecture1Philippe Jacques de Theater History3Loutherbourg(ArtistTPO07Lecture1The Well-made Play断eater History4 TPO25Lecture2Bela Bartok(Artist)Music History5 TPO12Lecture3Evolution of Opera(Artwork)Music History6 TPO16Lecture2Piano(Artwork)Music History7 TPO27Lecture2Cremonese Violins Music History8 TPO30Lecture4Electric Guitar Music History9 TPO31Lecture1Ancient Greek Music&Plato Music History10 TPO19Lecture4Cecilia Beaux(Artist)11 TPO21Lecture4Alice Neel(Artist)12 TPO33Lecture4Renaissance Gardens13 TPO34Lecture1Dada14 TPO15Lecture3Palimpsest(Artwork)15 TPO16Lecture4Stained Glass Art(Artwork)16 TPO18Lecture2Copies of Greek Sculptures(Artwork)17 OG Test2Page382Colossal Statues(Artwork)18 TPO03Lecture3Chauvet Paintings19 TPO04Lecture4Government Support for the Arts20 TPO08Lecture2Women Artists in Paris21 TPO17Lecture1Prehistoric Art Dating22 TPO22Lecture4Musicians&Film Industry23 TPO23Lecture4Choreography Art24 (25)TPO24Lecture2Modern Dance&lsadora Duncan25 TPO26Lecture4Archimedes Palimpsest26 TPO27Lecture4Primary Colors.TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECTS NO. Archaeology/History/Anthropology/Philosophy/SociologyTPO05Lecture1Meme Sociology1 TPO01Lecture3Qatalhoyuk Archaeology2 TPO14Lecture4Passage Graves Archaeology3 TPO23Lecture1Antikythera Mechanism Archaeology4 TPO24Lecture3Megafauna Archaeology5 TPO28Lecture4Gonur-depe Archaeology6 TPO29Lecture3Clovis people&caches Archaeology7TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECTS NO. Ecology/Earth Science/Environmental ScienceTPO06Lecture4Climate Change in Sahara Desert Earth Science1 TPO32Lecture3the Copper Basin Earth Science2 TPO03Lecture1Humming Birds Environmental Science3 TPO09Lecture2Shrubs in Tundra Environmental Science4 TPO11Lecture3Wetland&Climate Environmental Science5 TPO12Lecture4Solar Energy Environmental Science6 TPO17Lecture2Milankovitch Hypothesis Environmental Science7 TPO20Lecture2Interglacial Periods Environmental Science8 TPO23Lecture2Clouds Environmental Science9 TPO33Lecture2the Colarado Basin River Environmental Science10 OG Test1Page262Managing Resources Environmental Science11 TPO34Lecture2APS Digestion Environmental Engineering12 TPO10Lecture3Phosphorus cycle13 TPO13Lecture2Beaver and Wetland14 TPO29Lecture1Pedodiversity15TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECTS NO. Business/Architecture/Economics/OtherTPO11Lecture2Cape Cod House Architecture1 TPO29Lecture2Reverberation Architecture2 TPO32Lecture4Architects in the19th century Architectural History3 TPO11Lecture44Ms Advertising4 TPO26Lecture1Green Marketing Advertising5 TPO13Lecture1Pedestrian Malls6 TPO21Lecture2Software Development Computer Science7 TPO29Lecture4Carbon Nanotubes Structural Engineering8 OG Testi Page268Organization9 TPO12Lecture2Managing by Wandering Around10 TPO34Lecture4the Life Cycle of Innovation Business Management11TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECTS NO. Literature/LinguisticsTPO04Lecture2Emerson's Essay Literature1 TPO05Lecture4Folktales and Fairy Tales literature2 TPO06Lecture3Creative Writing(Character Sketch)Literature3 TPO13Lecture3Medieval Poetry Literature4 TPO20Lecture3Different Types of Folktales Literature5 TPO09Lecture4Features of Human Language Linguistics6 TPO19Lecture1Proto-Indo-European Linguistics7 TPO20Lecture1Gricean Maxims Linguistics8TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECTS NO. Geology/ChemistnTPO01Lecture2Uranium-Lead Dating geology1 TPO04Lecture3Moving Rocks beotoMI2 TPO15Lecture2Geologic Time Period3TPO16Lecture1Lechuguilla Cave Seolo瀛4 TPO07Lecture4Glacial Movement Geology5 TPO09Lecture3Desert Lakes6 TPO31Lecture2Movement of Tectonic Plates Geology7 TPO05Lecture3The Practical Use of Spectroscopy8 TPO08Lecture4The Periodic Table of Elements9TOEFL LISTENING ACADEMIC SUBJECTS NO. PsychologyTPO02Lecture1Behaviorism1 TPO10Lecture4Childhood Amnesia2 TPO14Lecture1Perception3 TPO15Lecture1Distraction4 TPO30Lecture1Metacognition5。